ministry of education · 2016-11-10 · 35 nied syllabus: mathematics junior primary phase 2014...

Republic of Namibia

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

JUNIOR PRIMARY PHASE

FOR IMPLEMENTATION: 2015

MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS

GRADES 1 - 3

OSHINDONGA VERSION

Ministry of Education National Institute for Educational Development (NIED) Private Bag 2034 Okahandja Namibia © Copyright NIED, Ministry of Education, 2014 Mathematics Syllabus Grade 1-3 ISBN 978-99945-2-050-3 Printed by NIED Website: http://www.nied.edu.na Publication date: 2014

http://www.nied.edu.na/

Table of Contents

1. Efalomo .................................................................................................................................................. 33

2. Omatungilokankameno .......................................................................................................................... 33

3. Omaodheko ............................................................................................................................................ 34

4. Elongo lyaayehi ...................................................................................................................................... 34

5. Omapambathano miilongwa noniinima yilwe mosindalandu ............................................................... 35

6. Omukalo gwokulonga nokwiilonga ........................................................................................................ 36

7. Omapyokoko gokehulilo lyomumvo ...................................................................................................... 37

8. Shono tashi longwa ................................................................................................................................ 38

9. Etalontseyo ............................................................................................................................................. 63

10.1 Elalakano lyetalontseyo…. 63

10.2 Omukalo gwetalontseyo lya longekidhwa 63

10.3Omusholondondotyekitho gwondondo 64

10.4 Iimetithiuliki yOndondo 64

10.5 Omaludhi getalontseyo lya tsikilathana ga uthwa / ga kolekwa (otaga adhika mo (“Junior Primary

National Policy Guide”) 64

33 NIED Syllabus: Mathematics Junior Primary Phase 2014

1. Efalomo

Omusindalongo nguka otagu ulike shono tashi ka longwa nosho tashi ka longwa nosho wo

etalontseyo mOmwaalu moondondo (1-3). Meilongo lyOmwaalu, aalongwa otaa uvu ko

nokutseya nawa oowino dhi ili nodhi ili momwaalu uunongo, ondjila nomilandu, opo yaw ape

okukonakona noku fatulula ekwatathano pokati komahala noonomola dhi muuyuni. Shino otashi

pendula endjandjukununo, okudhiladhila kwoomondjila nekalepo lyepatathano maalongwa opo

ya vulu oku ka longitha iinima mbyoka moonkalamwenyo dhawo.

Omwaalu otagu ilongwa ngomwaalu ngashi sha gandjwa momusindalongo, ihe ogu na ngaa

ekwatathano niilongwa yilwe. Omaodheko, omalalakano nomapyokoko pokati koshilongwa, ogo

lelela taga lalakanenwa komusindalongo aguhe. Uuna sha vulika, omwaalu ogwa pumbwa gu

longwe ootundi 8 (8 Ondondo 1-2) na ootundi 9 (Ondondo 3)

NIED okwa ziminina etalululo lyomusindalandu. Etalululo, lyomusindalandu lyOngundu

dhopetameko / dhopevi otali ka kala mo 2021.

2. Omatungilokankameno

Omwaalu gwo oshilongitho sha pumbiwa muutekinika, muungomba nopalwe monkalamwenyo

.otagu kwatha mokupendula okudhiladhila melandulathano nopaunongononi. Otseyo

yOmwaalu, oyo oshitopolwa shetu shopamuthigululwakalo, notagu vulu gu longithwe

mokugandja omauyelele golelela (gonkenenkene) otwa pumbwa uunongo womwaalu noowino,

opo tu wape ku longa iilonga oyindji yesiku kehe noku potokonona omikundu. Otashi gandja

enyanyu nembilipaleko, uuna aalongwa ya adha eyamukulo momwaalu, nohaa tyapula

omaudhano gomwaalu (omwaalu ogwo uuholo woonomola).

Moongundu dhopetameko osha simana unene, aalongwa yam one omukanka gwa kola

momwaalu, oshoka euvoko lyomwaalu moongundu dhopombanda, olya kankamekelwa

kontseyo ombwanawa yokoongundu dhopetameko. Okanona shampa ka pewa ekankameno lya

yela momwaalu petameko, kake na we mpo naka ka nyengwa mugo.

Onomola eheku lyelongo lyomwaalu melongo lyopetameko, nomolwaashono odha simana dhi

longwe nawalela moongundu dhopetameko. Omusindalongo ogwa kankamekelwa

komapyokoko miikwakompiuta, mokumeta, methimbo nomiimaliwa shin a sha nekwatathano

lyonkalamwenyo yesiku kehe , yaalongwa .

Oshitopolwa shi na sha niitsa (points) nomisinda, nomayalalalo (areas) nomutamo (ogeometry),

nasho oshili oshitopolwa shomwaalu. Iipalanyolo yi na sha noondjila dhomwaalu, oompatalona

dhoondanda negongelo lyomiyalu, otayi gandja oompito ku uviwe ko oonkalo dhokuyalula.

Ontseyo yokufunda (master) omwaalu, otayi koko sho taa mono omaludhi gi ili nogi ili

gokuyalula notaa ilongo okuungaunga negongelo lyomauyelel pakuyalula.


3. Omaodheko

Omaodheko momwaalu ogo

Okuhumitha komeho ontseyo yoonomola nomayalulo

Oku pendulila aalongwa ohokwe yomwaalu

Okukwatha aalongwa ya tseye iinima yin a sha noonomola nomadhina gadho

Okukwatha aalongwa ya uve ko yo ya funde ( master ) omwaalu noondjila dhagwo

Okukwatha aalongwa ya longithe ontseyo yomwaalu monkalamwenyo yawo yesiku kehe

4. Elongo lyaayehi

Elongo lyaayehe olyo uuthemba wokanona kehe moka ka pa ompito okukutha ombinga

moopolohalama nomomayakulo agehe haga gandjwa moosiko. Olya kankamekelwa meilongo

lyawo .

Elongo lyopetameko olyo tali longekidhile oshigwana mokwaadha oshilalakanenwa

shondjodhithaneko yaNamibia yomuvo 2030, moku shi pa elongo lyaahe na okayoya. Aalongwa

mbo ye na uupyakadhi meilongo naambono ye na oompumbwe dhopaumwene nayo oya

kwatelwa no melongo lyaayehe moompumbwe dhawo odhi na oku talwa mokulonga sha, tashi

ningwa mokulongitha omikalo dhi ili nodhi ili, iikwathithilongo tayi opalele, onkalo ngaashi tayi shi

pula. Aalongwa ye na uulema noitaa vulu ya kale melongo lyaayehi, oye na oku monenwa

elongo lyawo li ikalekelwa, shi ikwatelela koompumbwe nokiilongitho tayi ya opalele, sigo ya

adha ondondo yoku ka ya moskola yaayehe mpono shi wetike tashi vulika. Omusindalandu,

omikalo dhokulonga niikwathithilongo yomomahala ngono otayi opalele aalongwa yoludhi

ndoka.

Elongo mono omulongwa ta dhana onkandangala, olya opalela unene aalongwa ye na

oompumbwe, oshoka olya kankamekelwa kwaashono yo ye shin ale, nenge shono taa vulu

okuninga, notali ya kwathele oku ka taamba uunongo noowino oompe. Omusindalandu

gwelongo lyaaluhe, ogwa yooloka (vulika kondandalunde) omapyokoko ngono ge na

okwaashika kaalongwa yoludhi nduka (ye na oompumbwe). Ondunge yokukwathela omulongwa

kehe, e na oompumbwe (ILSP) nayi wilike nonayi tale ongushu yeyokomeho lyaalongwa mbo ye

na oompumbwe dhi iwetikile

Omauyelele gamwe melongekidho lyeilongo nolyokulonga melongo lyaayeha mongulu yoskola,

otaga adhika momusindalondulandu gwelongo lyaayehe gwomomvo 2012. Omauyelele ngaka

otaga kwathele mokugandja uunongo, oowino nomagano kaalongwa ayehe ya vulu okupita

monkalo yuuyuni tayi lunduluka neendelelo notage ya yambapaleke mokuuva ko omayelithilo

agehe gopauteknika.

Moondondo dhopetameko aalongwa ayehe, aamati naakadhona, oya pewa noye na oompito

yokukutha ombinga shi thike pamwe. Aalongwa oye na oku kala yu uvite ko noya tseya nkene

aalongwa ayehe ye na okukaliwa nayo, niikwathithilongo nayi kale yi opalela uukashikekookantu

waalongwa.

Aalongwa aakadhona moongundu dhopetameko, ohaa kala olwindji nontseyo yelaka, yi vulu

yaamati nomolwaasho hapu kala / monika omayooloko mokati kawo uuna taa longitha elaka

(taa popi, taa lesha nenge taa nyola) omayoloko ngano otaga vulu ku longithwa, uuna taku tulwa


aanona ya longe muungundu, pu kale aamati naakadhona mokangundu kehe , opa shi

kwathele. Omaukwatya ngaashi uukwaahafaathana / uuilili, oowino, omahogololo

nomapumathano (omangwandjagulathano) ohaga kundathanwa pethimbo lyiileshwa yelaka.

omayooliko nomagamo komaukwatya gaamati naakadhona , otage ya longo okudhiladhila

muule notaga vulu okweetela oonkundathana dhomuungundu esindano .

5. Omapambathano miilongwa noniinima yilwe mosindalandu

Omapambathano miilongwa otaga adhika miilongwa ngaashi Elongoindjipalo lyaakwashigwana,

Elongo lyUuthemba womuntu nuudemokoli ( EHRD), Omudhingolokolongo , HIV no AIDS

omauyelele nomakwatathano gopauteknika (ICT) , Egameno lyomoondjila . Ayihe mbino oye

etwa mo momusindalongo, oshoka kehe shimwe otashi popi kombinga yuupyakadhi ( risk)

nomashongo monkalo yaakalimo yomoNamibia . Aalongwa yetu ayehe oya pumbwa

Okuuva ko iiponga nomadhongo nomaukwataya gayo

Okuuva ko ktuya iinima mbino otayi eta iilanduli yashike

Okuuva ko nkene omashongo nomaupyakadhi ngono nkene taga ungaungwaw nagi

momudhingoloko gawo .

Omaupyakadhi nomashongo omanene ga konekwa ogo

Esiloshimpwiyu nekalekopo lyoonza dhopaunshitwe

Iilanduli yo HIV no AIDS

Omaupyakadhi ga guma uukolelel , taga etwa kenyateko lyombepo , uuyogoki wa

nkundipala niiyekelwahi , onkalathano yekuyunguto ye eta kuukwaahathikepamwe

nokelelo nokokwaahenakonasha niinakugwanithwa lyalyo nonuuthemba waantu

Okwaahiyutha koompango dhegameno lyomoondjila

Omakwatathano gopaunangeshefa

Iilongwa yimwe iipu okulongwa mepambathano niilongwa yilwe yomomusindalandu.

Momusindalongo nguno, omu na iiholelwa oyindji yomapambathana noonima

yomomusindalandu, ihe mpano opwa gandjwa owala oshiholelwa shimwe dhiilongwa mbyo ya

pambathana

Omudhingolokolongo HIV no AIDS Eindjipalo

lyoshigwana

Egameno

lyomoondjila

Oondondo 1-3 Eungaungo nomayalulo Ografa yefano tayi ulike egandjo lyomeya Koshiwike

Ondondo 2 Ethimbo

Ondondo 3 Eungaungo nomayalulo Ografa yefano tayi ulike aamati naakadhona mongundu yawo

Ondondo 1 Okuyalula : Omwaalu gwiihauto kopate Oondondo 1-2:Olupe nuunene womandhindhiliko Gomoondjila


6. Omukalo gwokulonga nokwiilonga

Omukalo nguka ogwa tungilwa komukanka (LCE) ngaashi sha fatulula momauthomilandu

dhelongo ndika (LCE). Omukalo gwokulonga gwa tya ngeyi, otagu shili paleke ongushu yeilongo

, uuna omauthomilandu dhagwo dha tulwa nawa miilongwa . Elongo lyepambathanitho

pamwaalu niilonga yi ili noyi ili oli li notali kala oshitsa shopokati melongo nomeilongo

mOngundu dhOpetameko.

Shono sha odhekwa mpano, osho oku humitha komeho okwiilonga neuvoko, uunongo, oowino

nomagamo taga kwathele mependulopo lyodhigwana, kehe mulongwa te ya kosikola, ote etelele

uuyamba wuunongo noontseyo ndho a aadhika a likola nale megumbo, moshigwana

nomekwatathano nomudhingoloko gwe. Elongo lyomosikola nali tungile kwaa shono shi shiwike

nale , nali gwedhele ko nonali shonge uunongo mbono omulongwa a adhika e wu na nale .

Aalongwa ohaa ilongo nawa lela, uuna ya pewa oompito yokukutha ombinga, okugwedhela po

okweeta pos ha shingundu (tashi kwatha). Omulongwa kehe oku na oompumbwe dhe dhi ili,

omagano gokwiilonga, uunongo a likola monkalamwenyo noonkondo dhokupondola sha

(oonkondompondoli). Omulongi na kale ta vulu okuyamukula oompumbwe dhaalongwa ye noku

mbwalangandjeka wo oowino dhawo dhono ya adhika ye na nale. Omikalo dhokulonga inadhi

kala pamufango gumwe aguhe ihe nadhi kale hadhi vulu ku lindululwa, shi ikwatelela

komaukwatya giileshwa. Nonando oowino dhomwaalu odha gandjwa dhi ikalekelwa

momusindalongo aalongi naa dhimbulukwea kutya odhi na okulongwa dhi li mekwatathano

Opo ku adhike omalakano nomapyokoko ga halika, omulongi ota vulu tokola kutya uunake ta

longo ehuku lyOmwaalu noondjila dha gwo, nuunake she mu opalela oku pa aalongwa ompito

ya konakone noya mone oondjila dhokuninga iilonga yawo yomwaalu, uunake ya ethindilomo

negwedhelwopo meilongo, uunake taku monika oowino nenge uuyelele wa pumbwa ya tsuwe

omukumo, opo yam one ondjila yawo yene tayi ya kwatha okuuva ko oshikalimo shoshileshwa

Okulonga koohandimwe, muungundu, epanda, nenge ongundu ayihe mOmwaalu naku

longekidhwe nonaku tsuwe omuthindo. Elongelokumwe neambidhidhathano meilongo

lyomwaalu nali tsuwe omukumo. Otashi vulika kun a oondjila odhindji tadhi fala keyamukulo

lyomwaalu gwontumba, naalongwa sho taa longo muungundu, otaa longathana oondjila adhihe

ndhoka notashi ya kwatha. Oshi na ihe oshilonga kutya oshilonga kehe tashi pewa aalongwa,

nashi kale sha yela, opo aalongwa ya tseye / wape ku mona nkene taye shi ende. Sho

aalongwa taa endele ko mokumona oowino monkalathano nomelongelokumwe, otaa vulu

okupewa iinakugwanithwa yokukutha ombinga momathaneko nometalongushu lyiilonga yawo

yene, taye shi ningi metonatelo lyomulongi

Omwaalu otagu kala gwa guma nogwa hokiwa kaalongwa uuna tagu longelwa mekwatathano

lyoonkalamwenyo dhawo . Oshiholelwa ongaashi shino kutya omalupe ngiini ngaashi 2D na 3D

oge li aluhe momidhingoloko dhaalongwa. Onando omwaalu ogwo “ elaka “ lyaayehe, otaga

kala owala gu holike nogu uvitikiwe ko nokusimanekwa kaalongwa aagundjuka, uuna tagu

longwa nokufatululithwa niinima mbyo yi wetike yomomudhingoloko gwawo. Omambo


gOmwaalu uuna taga longithwa komulongi, na kuthe owala omauyelele ga pumbiwa, ihe

longitha iikwathithilongo yiinima mbyo yi wetike noyi li momudhingoloko gwawo, opo a fatululile

aalongwa ye nawa. Ota vulu ku longitha uumanya, uusiikilo womakende nst.

7. Omapyokoko gokehulilo lyomumvo

Uuna taku tamekwa ondonda yotango yomOongundu dhOpetameko (LPPH) aalongwa ayehe

oya tegelwa ya kale ya pya pankalathano , pamaivo pandunge , palutu notaa vulu okwiilonga

omwaalu muulu . muule wiiwike 5 yopetameko moOndondo 1 aalongwa naa longwe

iilongwadhalwa yokuj ya longikidhila etameko lyosikola niilongwa yayo yothaatha.

Pehulilo lyondondo 3 mOngundu dhopevi, opwa tegelelwa aalongwa ya kale taa ulike uupyokoki

minima tayi landula :

Onteyo yoonomola

Aaloonga naadhimbulule noya tseye oonomola nekwatathano lyadho, ya ulike euvoko lyawo

pakana nopakunyola (momayalulo guuvitike) mepotokonono lyomikundu, pakulongitha

okompiuta pakuyalililila), pakutengeneka nokumeta, taa longitha oondjila nomikalo dhawo yene

nokulongitha oonomola dhomomushololo gwa gandjwa

Okumeta

Aalongwa naa tseye nonaa dhimbulule omaludhi giinima tayi holola uule, ondjundo, omutima,

eyalalalo (area) ethimbo niimaliwa, noyeyi longithe monkalamwenyo yesiku kehe

Iinima yi na sha nomisinda, niitsa noneyalalalo (geometry) Aalongwa naa koneke yoya

dhimbulule omitholomo dhi ili nodhi ili dhopa “Geometry’’, yo yam one eyooloko nenge

efaathano pokati kiinima yo 2D na 3D monkalamwenyo yesiku kehe yolele

Iimaliwa

Aalongwa naa tseye iimaliwa ya Namibia, omafo niikukutu, nonaa ulike euvoko lyawo

mokupopya nomokunyola nonaa longithe iimaliwa mokuninga oomwaalu oompu dhesiku kehe.

Egongelo lyomiyalu

Aalongwa naa gongele, naa ngonge, naa ulike, naa fatulule nokundjandjukununa

omayalulo taa longitha ografa yomafano noyomisinda, ya thaneke noya holole iizemo yopehulilo

nomatengeneko ge shi ku taambwa k


8. Shono tashi longwa

Aalongwa yomOndondo 1 miiwike 5 yopetameko moshikako shotango, otaa pewa iinyangadhalwa yoku ya longekidhika elongo

lyothaathaa, omanga inaaya Tameka elongo lyolela. Tala mondokumente “A School Readineaa / Preparatory Programme ( 5 weeks )

, published by NIED in 2011”

OSHIPALANYOLO ONDONDO 1 ONDONDO 2 ONDONDO 3

EPENDULOPO (EKOKEKO) LYONTSEYO LYOONOMOLA

Omusholondondo gwoonomola 1-100



Okuyalula Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa yalule, ye na nenge kaaye na iinima iikwakugumwa, noya uve ko ompumbwe nelongitho lyokuyalula monkalamwenyo yesiku kehe.

Omapyokoko Aalongwa naa kale taa vulu



Okuyalula iinima iikwakugumwa /

yi wetike sigo 20 noku shuna

konima

Okuyalula meendelelo sigo, 00

moo 2 sigo 30 , moo 5 nomomi

10 sigo 100

Okuyalula iinima iikwakugumwa / yi

wetike sigo 50 nokuyalula moombali

sigo 50, moone sigo 40, moontano

nomomulongo sigo 100

Okulangekulula iinima mongundu , ku pupalekwe oku yi yalula. Hol, oongundu dhoo 2, dhoo 3 nodhoo 5 Okuyalula meendelelo sigo 500 Moo 2 sigo 100

Moo 3 sigo 30 Moo 4 sigo 40 Nomoo 5 sigo 500

Okuyalula iinima iikwakugumwa / yi

wetike sigo 100 moombali sigo

100,moondatu sigo 60, moone sigo

80, moontano sigo 150

Okulangekulula iinima mongundu,

ku pupalekwe oku yi yalula . Hol,

oongundu dhoo 2, dhoo 5 nodho 10

Okuyalula meendelelo sigo 1000

Mokushuna konima nokuya komeho

Okuza ponomola shaa ndjola moo 1 sigo 1000, moo 2 sigo 500, moo 3 sigo 60, moo 4 sigo 80, moo 5

Nomomo 10 sigo 1000,

momilongo 20 sigo 500 nomomilongo 20



Sigo 500 nomomilongo 30 sigo 180, nomilongo 50 nomoma 100 sigo 1000

Okutengeneka

meendelelo

(okugandja owindji

wiinima manga inoo

ya yalula)

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa tengeneke nokulongitha oowino , yam one ekwatathano pokati koonola noompatolona hadho




Okutengeneka omwaalu

gwiinima sigo 6 omanga inaaye

yi yalula

Okutengeneka owindji wiinima

sigo 10 noku yi tula moongundu

oku ke yi yalula

Okutengeneka omwaalu gwiinima

sigo 20 mokutula muungundu , noku

ke yi yalula konima

Okutengeneka omwaalu gwiinima

sigo 30 noku yi tula muungundu

noku yi yalula konima

Okudhimbulula eyooloko

melangeko / moompatolona

dhiinima yi lile po uuwindji wu

thike pamwe. Hol: oo 2 yatatu

nenge oo3 yaali nenge

5+1 =

Okutseya kutya elangeko

noompatolona lya yooloka otali vulu

okukaleka po uuwindji wu thike

pamwe

Okutseya kutya elangeko

noompatolona lya yooloka otali vulu

okukaleka po uuwindji wu thike

pamwe

Elandulathanitho

neyelekanitho

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa longithe uuyambitya womwaalu mokulandulithathanitha nomokuyelekanitha oonomola melandulathano nomeikalekelwo






Okulandulithathanitha nokuyelekanitha iinima noonomola ( okuza 1-20) nokulongitha uuyambiitya ; oshinene shi vule , oshishona shi vulike , shit hike pamwe , omandhindhiliko > < inaga kwatelwa mo

Okulandulithalithathanitha oonomola okuza 1-100 mokulongitha uuyambilya tawu opalele ; oshindji / oshishona shi vulike , shit hike pamwe ingapi , oshinene shi vule , oshishona shi vulike omandhindhiliko > < inaaga kwatelwa mo

Okulandulithathanitha nokuyelekanitha sigo 500 nokulongitha sigo uuyambiitya tawu opalele : oshindji shi vule / oshishona shi vulike , shithike pamwe ( nakudhigininwe elongo lyomandhindhiliko > na < naga tseyike

Okulandulithathanitha oonomola okuza 1-20 to zi pevi wu uka pombanda nokuza pombanda wu uka pevi Hol. nyola oonomola 11,5 na 3 to zi pevi wu uka pombanda , okuza pombanda wu uka pevi

Okulandulithathanitha oonomola okuza 1-20 okuza 1-20 okuza pevi wu uka pombanda nyola 11, 5,12 na 3 to zi pevi wu uka pombanda nokuza pombanda wu uka pevi

Okuyoolola omahala giinima okuza kushotango sigo oshitimulongo

Okulika , okulesha nokulonga

Okulandulathathalithathathanitha oonomola okuza 1-100 nokulongitha uuyambitya tawu opalele : oshindji oshishona , shi vulike , shit hike pamwe , ingapi , oshinene shi vule , oshishona shi vulike omandhindhiliko > < naga longwe

Okulandulithathathanitha oonomola okuza wu uka pombanda nokuza pombanda wu uka pevi Hol. Nyola 48,10,92 no 61 okuza pevi wu uka pombanda nokuza pombanda wu uka pevi

Okuyoolola nokulesha omahala goonomola okuza pevi wu uka pombanda nokushuna pombanda to zi pevi oshitimulongo , oshitimulongo

Okulandulithathanitha noku yelekanitha oonomola sigo 500 nokulongitha uuyambiitya tawu opalele : oshindji shi vule / shishona shi vulike shi thike pamwe (nakudhigininwe elongo lyomandhindhiliko > < ga tseyike)

Okulandulithathanitha oonomola 1-500 mokuza pevi wu uka pevi Hol. Nyola oonomola 402,284,36/no 68 pamukalo gwokuza pombanda wu uka pevi

Okukoneka omahala goonomola okuza 1-30 noku dhilandulithathanitha okuza pevi wu uka pombanda ontimi 20, oshitimilongo 21 oshitimilongo 26 pokushuna oshitimilongo 27,



EKALEKOPO LYOONOMOLA

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa koneke, naa leshe nonaa nyole oonomola




Okulesha , okutumbula nokunyola oonomola sigo 100 mekalata nokomusindamwaalu

Okulandula , okutapa nokunyola oonomola okuza 0-20

Okulesha , okutumbula nokunyola oonomola sigo 500 mekalata nokomusindamwaalu nokufatulula kutya omolwashike dhi lile pomahala mpono

Okunyola oonomola okuza 0-100

Okulesha , okutumbula nokunyola oonomola sigo 0-1000 mekalata nokomusindamwaalu nokufatulula kutya omolwashike dhi li pomahala mpoka

Okunyola oonomola okuza 0-500

Okulesha omadhina goonomola miitya sigo 10 ngaashi yimwe mbali sigo oshitya omulongo

Okutala , okumona noku yoolola oonomola

Okunyola omadhina goonomola miitya sigo 10 ngaashi , hetatu , ne omulongo nst

Okutala okumona nokuyoolola oonomola momudhigoloko gwawo. hol, omafano gengambeko lyondapo

Okunyola omadhina goonomola sigo 20 ngaashi omulongo – nomugoyi , omilongo mbali

Oku tala , okumona

momudhingoloko ngaashi

oonomola dhihauto noonomola

dhomagumbo

oonomola dhiihauto , oonomola

shomagumbo noomvula dhaalongwa

nokuyoolola omiyalu

momidhingoloko dhawo ngaashi

oonomola shiinano , oondando

kiinima nomutima gwomakende

Okumbalipeka

nokuninga omatata

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko omuthomilandu dhokumbalipeka nokutopola iinima

Omapyokoko aalongwa naa kale taa vulu





Okumbalipeka oonomola

1,2,3,4,5 na 10 to longitha

nenge itoo longitha sha

Okuninga omatata goonomola

2,4,6,8,no 10 to longitha / itoo

longitha sha

Okumbalipeka oonomola sigo 50

wa londeka nenge inoo londeka

Hol, 23+23=46

Okuninga omatata goonomola sigo

50 nomiishekiyalu sigo 19 to

longitha nenge itoo longitha sha

hol, etata lya 44 olyo 22 netata lyo

19 olyo 9 pwa hupa 1

Okumbalipeka sigo 100, wa londeka nenge inoo londeka

Hol. 24=40+8=48 inoo londeka 36=60+12=72 wa londeka

Okuninga omatata goonomola sigo 100 pu na nenge kapu na oshihupe

Hol, etata lya 36 olyo 15+3=18 etata lyo 87 = 40+ 3 tapu hupu 1= 43 kwa hupa 1

Okuhalakanitha oonomola nokudhi shuna kumwe

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko okuhalakanitha oonomola noku dhi shuna kumwe , sigo ya ningi uuhampi womilongo 20




Okudhimbulula uupandi woonomola sigo 10

Hol, 9= 1+8; 9=8+1.

9-8=1;9-1=8 9=7+2 nst

Okudhimbulukwa uupandi woonomola okuhulila 10 Meendelelo nomondjila

Okuhalakanitha nokutunga po omwaalu gwoonomola mbali okuhulila po 99 to longitha iinima yi wetike

Hol. 25=20+5; 15+10 27+6=33;65-21=44

Okudhimbulukwa nokutumbula mondjila nomeendelelo uupandi woonomola sigo 20

Okuhalakanitha nokutunga po omwaalu gwoonomola mbali nenge ndatu pamikalo dhi ili nodhi ili sigo 500 to longitha nenge itoo longitha iinima yi wetike

154=100+50 = 4 154=150+4 154=100+54

Omahala goonomola Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa tseye ongushu yoonomola nomahala gadho




Okukoneka kutya omwaalu gwoonomola mbalo , ehala lyonomola kehe otali gandja eyooloko muuwindji ngaashi 12 ogwa yooloka ko 21 , ngele owa pewa 3 na 4 oto vulu okutunga

Okukoneka momwaalu gwoonomola ndatu sigo 500 ehala lyonomola otali ulike uuwindji ngaashi 3, 5, na 4 , otshi vulu ku gandja omwaalu omunene nenge omushona , tashi uthwa komahala

Okukoneka omahala goonomola sigo 1000 nokutseya kutya ehala lyonomola otali ulike uuwindji ngaashi 1,8 na 4 otadhi vulu okuholola po omwaalu omunene nenge omushona



nadhi omwaalu omushona nenge omunene , tshi uthwa komahala goonomola ( ano 34 na 43)

goonomola Hol , 543 na 345

Hol. (841 na 148)

Koneke omahala gomathele , Koneke ongushu yehala lyomathela

Okuyalula nenge

okweekelahi

gomilongo nogiihupe momwaalu

gwoonomola ndatu. Hol 958 eha

lya 9 omathele 900 ehala lya 5

omilongo 50 nehala lyahetatu

ooyimwe nenge iihupe

Okuhogolola nokukoneka

omayamukulo gomwiindjipaleki , 0

nonomola ya gandja sigo 100

nokulongitha omusindamwaalu

Hol. 33→30 -38

yomilongo noyiihupe momwaalu

gwonomola ndatu

Okuyelulila onomola komulongo oonomola dho dha hulila mu 1,2,3,4, otadhi ekelwahi oshoka ona dhi asha etata lyo 10 , ihe 5,6,7,8 na 9 otadhi yalulwa dhi ninge 10 ngele odho dha shiga kiihupe , oshoka odhi thike nenge dha konda petata lyomulongo 6 62 →60 75→80

Oompatolona

dhoonomola

Oshilalakanenwa

Aalongwa naa koneke omiidhekiyalu nomiiyaluliyalu noku mbwalangandjeka nokufatulula omahal gadho

Omapyokoko

Aalongwa naa kale taa vulu

Omapyokoko


Omapyokoko


Okutseya omwaalu ndho tadhi

vulu ku topolwa momatata get

thike pamwe naadho itaadhi

vulu ngaashi ndho dhili

momushololo okuza 1-20

Okuudhitha nokufatulula omahala

goonomola momusholondondo

okuza 1-100 Hol, tula po sho sha

thigala po 3, 6, 9, 12…,..,…,

Okumbwalangandjeka

nokufatulula elandulathano lya

Okuudhitha nokufatulula sho sha

ningea po opo pu holoke oonomola

Okuudhitha nokufatulula

elandulathano lyoomwaalu mo



longithwa pu holoke oonomola

dha gandjwa 1,3,5,7,9

dha gandjwa 1-50

Uudhitha oonomola dha thigala po

20, 21, 22…,

24, 25,…,

mushololo 1- 100

Nyola oonomola dha thigala po

50, …., …, …, 54

…., …., …., 58

Okufatulula sho tashi ningwa

Hol , gwedha aluhe ndatu

konomola to tameke nayo yoye

mwene

Okufatulula elandulathano lya

gandja momiishishekiyalu to

tameke 21 e to hulu 31 nenge wu

tameke po 21 e to gwedha ko aluhe

2

Okugandja omaludhi goonomola ge etwa po mokugwedha nenge mokukutha mo Hol, 80+90=170

Okufatulula elandulathano

lyomayamukulo eindjipaliko lya 3

sigo 66

Hol (3×22)

Okugandja omaludhi goonomola taga etwa po ketulokumwe nenge kekuthomo

42-10 = 32 32+10=42

Omishekiyalu

nomiyaluliyalu

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa dhimbulule omishekiyalu nomiyaluli




Okutsitha kumwe oonomola

okuza 1-10, pu holoke

omahwata gomiiyaluliyalu

nomiishekiyalu

Okutotha mo omiishekiyalu nomiiyaluliyalu sigo 99

Okukoneka omiishekiyalu dha hula na 1,3,5,7,9 ngaashi

Olutotha mo omiishekiyalu nomiiyaluliyalu okuza 0-500

Okukoneka omiidhekiyalu dha hula na 1,3,5,7,9 nomiiyaluliyalu dha hula

57nomiiyaluliyalu dha hula na 0,2,4,6 na 8 ngaashi momwaalu 38

na 0,2,4,6,8 ngaashi 857: 638



OKUYALULA OMIYALU

Etulokumwe Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa na kale nontseyo yopetameko momwaalu, opo ya pyokoke moku tula kumwe nomoku longitha oonomola.




Fatulula oonomola dhomilongo ngaashi 20+30

- Okutula kumwe oomwaalu dhoonomola sigo omwaalu dhoonomola mbali nomtse

- Okutula kumwe oonomola mbali tadhi ku pe eyamukulo lili pokati 1-20 nokulongitha omikalo tadhi landula

- Okulongitha omafano nenge iinima yi wetike

- Okuyalula ashihe - Okuyalula to longitha

okakalata nenge omusindamwaalu nenge

Fatulula oonomola dhomilongo ngaashi 20+30

- Okutula kumwe oomwaalu dhoonomola sigo omwaalu dhoonomola mbali nomtse

- Okutula kumwe oonomola 2 nenge dhi vule po pokati ka 0 na 100 momutse , nenge okukutha mo nokulongitha omikalo tadhi landula

- Okuyalula ngaashi 28+3 - Okumbalipeka nokutopola

momatata ngaashi 30+40=30+30+10

- Okulongitha oonomola dhi shiwike

Okutula kumwe oonoomola dhomilongo sigo 500 ngaashi 120+

30

Okutula kumwe oonomola mbali

sigo 100 momutse

- Okutula kumwe oonomola mbali nenge dhi vule pod hi na eyamukulo okuza 0-50

- Okuyalula ngaashi 328+3 - Okumbalipeka nokuninga omatata - Okulongitha uuningo woonomola - Okuninga onkatu dhetulokumwe - Okuhalakanitha nokushuna

kumwe

omukalo gulwe gwi ili , hol Tula oonomola momutse e to

yalula kominwe to yi gwedhele ko

Okula mo tango onomola onene e to yi topola momatata

Okuhalakanitha nokutula

Okuninga oonkatu dhetulokumwe hol, 58+3=81

Okuhalakanitha oonomola noku dhi dhuna mumwe ngaashi 58+23=(50+20)+(8+3)= 70 +11=81

Omafano giinima yu udha noyomiipambu

oonomola

Okulongitha omahala goonomola ngaashi 342+185=(300+100)+(40+80) +(2+5)=400+120+7=500+27=527

Omafano giinima inaayi udha nogiipambu

oonomola kumwe

Iiholelwa yiinyangadhalwa

Okuudhitha oonomola dha thigwa po momafano gathanekwa

Okuudhitha oomwaka dha thigwa po momatumbulomwaalu sigo 20

Omisinda mwaalu

Omindamwaalu inaagu tulwa sha

Okuudhitha etumbulo mwaalu inaa li ihwa po sigo 100 ngaashi 15- = 3

Omisindamwaalu

Omusindamwaalu inaa tulwa sha

Okuudhitha mo oonomola dha thigala po metumbulomwaalu sigo 200 ngaashi ando 130+ = 167



ngaashi 5+-=12 Eyoka lyoonomola nenge

opiramide

Ekuthomo Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko ontseyo yopetameko momwaalu opo ya pyokoke oku kuthamo oyalu nomoku longitha oonomola




Okukutha onomola yimwe monomola onkwawo momusholondondo gwa 1-20 noku longitha omikalo tadhi landula

- Okukutha iinima yiwetike e to yalula mbi ya thigala po nenge wu longithe omafano

- Okuyalula to yi komeho ngaashi okuyalula 19-17 nokuyalula oonkatu 2 okuza po 17 sigo opo 19

- Okulonga noomola ngaashi 3-1=2

okukutha mo moonomola sigo 100

ngaashi 60-50

- okukutha onomola yimwe momushologwa 0-99 nokulongitha omikalo tadhi landula

- okuyalula to shuna lwanima - okuyalula sigo 72-68 (oonomola

dheyoolo eshona - okulongitha oonomola dho dhene

ponkatu nonkatu - mekuthomo ngaashi 64-48=62-

40-8=22-8=14 iiholelwa yiilongitho niinyangadhalwa

okukutha mo onomola yimwe

momwaalu gwonomola ndatu pokati

ka 100-500

- okukutha niinima yi wetike e to yalula shi sha hupu po ngaashi 3-1=2

- okuudhitha oonomola dha thigala po momafano

- okukwatela kumwe oonomola nomafano

- okulongitha uuhampi woonomola - okulongitha omusindamwaalu

inaa gu



Okuhalakanitha po oonomola nokadhi shuna mumwe iiholelwa yiilongitho niinyangadhalwa

Omusindamwaalu

Uukalata woonomola

Okuudhitha oonomola dha thigala po momafano ga thanekwa

Okuudhitha oonomola dha thigwa po momatumbulomwaalu sigo 20

Yoka lyoonomola

opiramide yoonomola

okukwatakanitha ekuthomo netulokumwe

18-2=16 16+2=18

okuudhitha omwaka nomafano ga thanekwa

uukalata woonomola

omusindamwaalu inaagu udhithwa sha

eyoka lyoonomola

opiramide yoonomola

okukutha mo onomola yimwe momwaalu gwoonomola mbali momutse

okukwatakanitha ekutho

udhithwa sha

okukonakona oonomola ngaashi 100-37=63; 200-39= 163

olwiilonga nokulongitha ; 18 + 2=20 ontseyo yetulokumwe mekwatathano nekuthomo ngaa 20-2=18

okukutha moonomola dhi na sha nethele sigo 500 ngaashi 260-50 = 210

Eindjipaleko Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko ontseyo yopetameko yomwaalu ya vule (master) eindjipaleko momusholondondo gwomayamukulo

okuyalula moo 2 sigo 20 , montano sigo 50 nomomilongo sigo 100

okuyalula iinima moongundu dhoo 2 , dhoo 5 nodhomi 10 ngaashi 5+5+5 otashi ningi oo 5 ye lip o lwiikando 3, tashi gandja 15

okuthaneka iinima

nokutengeneka omwaalu gwayo

meendululo

okuyalula moombali sigo 20 ,

moondatu sigo 30 moo 4 sigo 40

nomoo 5 sigo 50 momilongo sigo

100

okuulika kutya eindjipaleko olyo

eendululo lyetulokumwe oo 2, oo 3,

oo4 ,oo 5 nomi 10 hol, Maria oha

mono N$ 5 koshiwike muule wiiwike

6 ota ka kala e na iimaliwa yi thike

Okwiindjipaleka omwaalu

gwoonomola mbali na 2 , 3, 4 ,5 na

10 gweyamukuko li li pokati 100-500

mokulongitha ehalakanitho

lyoonomola ngaashi

73×3=(70×4) + (3×4) =

lyetulokumwe , endhindhiliko

lyeindjipaleko itali longwa

peni ( N$ 5+ N$ 5+N$5+N$5+N$5+N$5=N$ 30

Okwiindjipaleka omwaalu gwoonomola mbali nonomola yimwe



pankatu ndjika ngaashi iinima 3

yi wetike po oongundu mbali

Okudhimbulukwa nokulongitha 1×2×5 na × 10

Iimpungu yindji paleko to longitha edhindhiliko ×

yi li pokati ka 1 na 10 nokulongitha eendululo lyetulokumwe ngaashi 73×6

=73+73+73+73+73+73=

Okudhimbulukwa noku tumbula oshimpungu sha 1 sha 2 sha nosho 10

Okudhimbulukwa noku longitha oshimpungu sha 3 nosha 4

Etopolo Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko ontseyo yopetameko , opo ya funde etopolo nokuniga omayalulo




Okutula iinima moongundu dhi thike pamwe nokulongitha iinima iikwakugumwa / yi wetike e to yalula uuwindji woongund Okumona omikalo dhokwiitopolela iinima mongundu , shithike pamwe , shi ninga noku longitha iinima iikwakugumwa / yi wetike

- Longitha omafano - Longitha omwaalu

dhomoohapu - Longitha omafano

endhindhiliko lyetopelo inali pumbwa ku longwa pandondo ndjika, Hol Maria oku na omayapula 9 e te ga topolele okuume ke yatatu shit hike pamwe. kehe gumwe okwa pewa gangapi

Okumona omikalo dhokwiitopolela

iinima moongundu dhoo 2, dhoo

3, dhoo 4, dhoo 5 nodho 10

nenge okutopola iinima shit hike

pamwe moongundu 2,3,4,5, na 10

moku shi ninga to longitha iinima

yolela , omafano noonomola

mbali nenge ndatu endhindhiliko

lyetopolo inali pumbiwa

pamuthika nguka hol, uudhanitho

16 otawu vulu ku tulwa

momikweyo 8 kehe momukweyo

mu na uudhanitho 2 omikweyo 2

dhoo 8, gumwe 16, omilweyo

16×1 nenge omikweyo 4 kehe

gumwe gu na uudhanitho 4

Okulongitha endhindhiliko ÷ e to ningi etopolo lyoonomola dhi li pokati ko 10 nethele to topola noonomola dhopokati 1-5, tapa hupu nenge itaapu hupu sha , nokweendulula etulokumwe nenge omikalo dhilwe

Okumona iihupe mbyo tayi vulu ku kala inaayi longithwa , ihe itayi imbi ku adhike eyamukulo

Okudhimbululwa nokulongitha omikalo dhetopolo neindjipaleko lyoonomola 2,3,5 no 10 ,

Hol , 20 = 10→ 2×10=20



Okuulika kutya etopolo poli na ekwatathano nekuthomo ,Hol, 6÷2=3 shaashi 2 otayi vulu yi

kuthwe mo muhamano

lwiikando 3 longitha iinima

yolela

Okukwatakanitha etopolo neindjipaleko lyoonomola 1,2,5 na 10, iimpungu yeindjipaleko nayi longwe

Okulangeka nenge okutula iinima

moongundu dhoonomola okuza 1

sigo 10 oongundu dhoo 2 , dhoo

3 , dhoo 4 nodhoo 5, pu na

nenge pwaahe na iihupe

Okulangeka nenge okutula iinima

moongundu oongundu dhoo 2 ,

dhoo 3 , dhoo 4 nodhoo 5 sigo 50

puna nenge kaapu na iihupe mbyo

itaayi vulu we okutopolwa nenge tayi

vulu ku topolwa ngaashi (oshikuki ,

oshokalate tashi uthwa kuukwatya

womwaalu tagu ningwa)

Omiyalu dhoondjila

odhindji

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa longithe omikalo , omilandu nontseyo ndjo ye na mokuyalula omiyalu dhoonkatu odhindji




Okuyalula oomwalu dha

hukililathana okuza 0-10 tadhi

tulwa kumwe notadhi kuthwa mo

ngaashi

7+3-4=

Okuyalula omiyalu dha

hukililathana okuza 0-100 tadhi

tulwa kumwe notadhi kuthwa mo

ngaashi

23+45-31=

Okuyalula omiyalu dha hukililathana

okuza 0-500 ngaashi

123+245-131 =

omipambulwayalu Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa kale neuvoko lyomwaalu ya vulu okundhindhilika omipambulwayalu

Omapyokoko Omapyokoko Omapyokoko



Aalongwa naa kale taa vulu Aalongwa naa kale taa vulu Aalongwa naa kale taa vulu

Okutopolelatha iinima shit hike pamwe ngaashi okuteta eyapula miipambu 2 yi thike pamwe , longitha iiholelwa ngaashi

lyu udha li li etata

Okuluka omupambulwayalu gwoshinika ashihe

Shudha etata oshitine

Okuulika omatata niitine pakana nonomandhindhiliko gopamwaalu

½ , ¼

Okuluka omupambulwayalu gwoshinima nenge oku tula moongundu dhomatata dhiitune nodhlitine itatu

3

1

Okunyola omadhindhindhiliko

gopamwaalu gomiipambulwayalu

dhomatata , dhiitine nodhiititatu

ongii topolwa yoshinima ashihe

(shu udha) ½ , ¼ ,¾ ,⅓

Ulika iitopolwa yi thike pamwe

yoshinima shimwe ashike sha

topolwa

3

1



OKU KITAKANUNUNA OMIYALU NOKU ADHA EYAMUKULO

Oku kitakanununa

omiyalu noku adha

eyamukulo

Oshilalakanenwa

Aalongwa naa yalulule omiyalu taa longitha etulokumwe ekuthomo , okutula moongundu , okutopolelathana pakwatho

lyomikalo dhi ili nodhi ili

Omapyokoko Aalonga naa kale taa vulu



Okutoloka mo noku yalula

omwaalu gwoohapu gun a sha

niiningwanima yesiku gu li meni

1-10

Okutoloka mo noku yalula omwaalu

gwoohapu gun a sha niiningwanima

yesiku gu li meni 1-10

Okutoloka mo noku yalula omwaalu

gwoohapu gun a sha niiningwanima

yesiku gu li meni 1-10

Okugandja oondjila dhu ukila ko

ku thike keyamukulo

nokulongitha iinima yi wetike

nenge iikwakugumwa

okukundathana okupaathana

omayele , okwiimonena okuume ,

okunyanda , okukwatakanitha

omafano noonomola

Okulongitha omikalo noondjila

dhi ili nodhi ili nokuyalula omiyalu

okuza 1-10 nokulongitha

etulokumwe ,

Okugandja oondjila dhu ukila ko ku

thike keyamukulo nokulongitha

iinima yi wetike nenge

iikwakugumwa okukundathana

okupaathana omayele ,

okwiimonena okuume , okunyanda ,

okukwatakanitha omafano

noonomola

Okulongitha oondjila dhi ili nodhi ili

mokuyalula okuza 1-50

mokulongitha omikalo adhihe 4, Hol,

Mokatuthi omwa li uunona 13, ya 6

yomaanona mbono aakadhona.

Okugandja oondjila dhu ukila ko ku

thike keyamukulo nokulongitha

iinima yi wetike nenge

iikwakugumwa okukundathana

okupaathana omayele ,

okwiimonena okuume , okunyanda ,

okukwatakanitha omafano

noonomola

Okulongitha oondjila dhi ili

mokuyalula nokunyola omiyalu

dhomoohapu noonomola 1-100 taa

longitha omikalo 4 hadhi longithwa

monayalululo

ekuthomo,okutula moongundu

nenge okutopolelathana, hol,

Ondali nuuyimati e te lip o utatu,

e tapu thigala utano uuyimati

wandje owa li wu thike peni

manga inee lya po sha

Aamati oya li mo ya ngapi? hol, Okunyola omatumbulo ga tsa kumwe ookuume 18. Ookuume 15 oye y noonomola dha gandjwa

18- =15

Maria okwa hiya. Yangapi inaaye ya?



Okuyelitha omukalo ngu ya

longitha noku pulakena

komafatululo gayakwalo

Okufatulula omukalo ngu ya longitha noku pulakena komafatululo gayakwawo

Okukundathana oondjila dha yooloka tadhi fala keyamukulo limwe

Okufatulula omukalo ya longitha sho ya yalula

Okufatulula ondjila ye ende nokuyalulula omwaalu gwontumba

Okukundathana oondjila dha yooloka tadhi fala keyamukulo limwe

Okumona nokupukulula omapuko

OKUMETA

Uule Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa :

Uve ko esimano lyokumeta uule nonkene hali longithwa esiku kehe

Mone oompito dhokutompathana , dhokufatulula nodhokulongitha omameto / okumeta

Mone ontseyo yomondjila yokuyelekanitha

Pendulilwe euvoko lyometa iinima monkalamwenyo yesiku kehe




Okuyelekanitha iinima yuule wa

yooloka mokulongitha

uuyambiitya ngaashi oshile /

oshihupi , oshile shi vule /

Okulandulithathanitha noku yelekanitha iinima mokulongitha uuyambiitya womondjila ngaashi sha faathana , oshile shi vule / oshifupi shi vulike , oshileeleka / oshifupifupi

Okulongitha iimetithi inaayi

Okulandulithathanitha nokuyelekanitha nokulongitha uuyambiitya womondjila ngaashi sha faathana , oshile shi vule/ odhifupi shi vulike , odhinene dhi vule/

oshihupi shi vulike , oshileeleka /

oshihupihupi , shi thike pamwe

Okuyeleka uule nokulongitha iimetithi inaayi uthwa ngaashi eke , meni lyeke , oompadhu, onkatu nst noku yeleka okuza pomulongo gumwe sigo opumukwawo sho ye lyaathane

uthwa ngaashi okantoko kongodhi, okatoogonyona kombapila mokumeta uule wolee

Okulongitha iimetithi yu uthwa e to nyola show a mono mokulongitha efupipiko lyomondjila cm longitha uutenditho wa topolwa moosentimeta waa na oonomola

Okumeta nawalela uule

oshifupi shi vulike , oshinene shi vule /

oshishona shi vulike , oshifupi shi

vulike / oshile shi vule,

oshileeleka / oshifupifupi

Okulongitha iimetithi yu uthwa

osetimeta nometa okuyeleka uule

ometa yi longitha mokumeta uule

(uuna wa hala okumeta nawa

lela, longitha uutenditho)



womambo niitaafula e to nyola sho wa mono moosetimeta

Tengeneka nuukeka uule womambo niitaafula e to wu nyola moosentimeta amuhe

Okutenda omusinda gu ukilila muulo woosetimeta dha gandjwa

Okumeta omisinda dha goyoka ,

longitha ometa hayi gonywa , e to

nyola shono wa mono , longitha

omafupipiko m na cm

Okuninga etulokumwe

nekuthomo nuule (length)

Okumeta nuukeka uule ,

omutamo nuule wopombanda

meni nomudhingoloko gwongulu

yosikola e to nyola shoka wa

mono moometa nomoosetimeta

Tengeneka nuukeka uule ,

uumwalangandja nuule

wopombanda wongulu yosikola e

to wu nyola moosentimeta

noometa

Okutenda omusinda gu ukilila

muule woosentimeta noometa

dha gandjwa

Ondjundo Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko esimano lyokuyelela ondjundo nelongitho lyalyo monkalamwenyo yesiku kehe






Okuyelekanitha ondjundo yiinima moku yi yelula po , ya tale kutya oshini po shi na uudhigu wu vule woshikwawo, nenge ya longithe iiviha

Okulongitha uuyambwiitya womondjila uuna taa landulithathanitha nenge taa yelekanitha ngaashi oshipu shi vulike / oshidhigu shi vule, oshipuupuu / oshidhigudhigu , sha faathana , oshidhigu sha fa

Okuyelekanitha ondjundo yiinima ½ kg na 1 kg moku yi yelula po nenge mokulongitha oshiviha

Okulongitha uuyambwiitya womondjila uuna taa landulithathanitha nenge taa yelekanitha ngaashi sha faathana , oshidhigu / oshipu , oshidhigu dhi vule oshipu shi vulike

Okulandulithathanitha iinima 3 shi ikwatelela keindjipalo / keshonopalo lyondjundo yayo , mokulongitha iiviha ngaashi oshiviha shonkogo

Okuyeleka nawa iinima yi igililwa mokulongitha oohalama

Okutengeneka nawalela taa longitha oohalama

Okulongitha elaka lyomondjila / lya ukila ko uuna taa londulithathanitha nenge taa yelekanitha nenge taa yelekanitha ngaashi oshidhigu / oshipu , oshidhigu shi vule / oshipu shi vulike , oshidhigudhigu / shipuupuu

Okulandulithathanitha nokuyelekanitha iinima 5 shi

ikwatelela keindjipalo / keshonopalo lyondjundo yayo

Okulongitha iiyelekitho ya uthwa okuviha ondjundo moohalama nomookilohalama nokunyola omafupipiko gomondjila goohalama nogookilohalama g/kg

Omutima (capacity) Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko esimano lyokuyeleka omutima gwiinima nelongitho lyalyo monkalamwenyo yesiku kehe

Okumona oompito dhokutopathana dhokufatulula nokulongitha okuyeleka

Okumona ontseyo yeyelekanitho yomondjila

Okupendulilwa onkalo yomondjila yokuyeleka iinima






Okulandulithathanitha nokuyelekanitha iikwatelw yi ili noyi ili (omakende, iipakete oondooha ) shi ikwatelela keindjipalo / keshonopalo lyomutima gwayo

Okulongitha uuyambiitya wu li mondjila ngaashi udha / pwa , udha etata /mwa pwa thike pamwe /oshindji shi vule , shafa / shi vule , shi vulike

Okuyelekanitha omutima gwiikwatelwa yomitholomo muunene wa yooloka noku ndhindhilika

Okuyeleka nokuyelekanitha omutima gwiinima nokulongitha iiyelekitho ya uthwa

Okulandulithathanitha nokuyelekanitha iinima yesiku kehe,

shi ikwatelela komutima gwayo

Okulongitha uuyambiitya wu li mondjila ngaashi indji / shona, indji sha fa

Okuyeleka nawa lela omutima gwiinima yesiku kehe nokulongitha iiyelekitho yu uthwa ( oolitela ) oolita

Okutengeneka nawa lela omutima gwiinima yesiku kehe nokulongitha iiyelekitho yu uthwa ( oolita )

Okuyeleka nokunyola omutima nokulongitha efupipiko lyomondjila l

Okulandulithathanitha nokuyelekanitha iinima

yesiku kehe, shi ikwatelela komutima gwayo

Okulongitha uuyambiitya wu li mondjila ngaashi indji / shona , indji sha fa, shit hike po lwaali shit hike po lutatu etata lya

Okuyeleka nawa lela omutima gwiinima yesiku kehe nokulongitha iiyelekitho yu uthwa ( oolitela noomililita

Okutengeneka nawa lela omutima gwiinima yesiku kehe nokulongitha iiyelekitho yu uthwa ( oolita noomililita )

Okuyeleka nokunyola omutim nokulongitha efupipiko lyomondjila l noo ml

Ondjalo (AREA)

Oshililikanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko onkalo yeyalalalo lyiinima nelongitho lyayo monkalamwenyo yesiku kehe

Okumona ompito yepatathano , yokufatulula nokulongitha okumeta

Okumona ontseyo yokuyelekanitha yomondjila

Okupendulilwa nokutaamba onkalo yomondjila yokumeta iinima




Okukwatakanitha eyalalalo nehala

lyokombanda , nokulongitha

iimetithi inaayi uthwa ngaashi

uusikilo womakendende mbu tawu

vulu ku siikila ehala lyomeni

Okukwatakanitha eyalalalo nehala

lyopombanda meni lyoongamba ,

mokulongitha iimetithi inaayi uthwa

Hol , okumeta ehala lyokombanda

yoshitaafula nokulongitha



oombapila A4 noku yalula kutya

ngapi dha pumbiwa okusiikila ehala

ndyono

ETHIMBO Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko nonaa longithe ethimbo mondjila , uve ko kutya iiningwanima yesiku kehe ohayi pula ethimbo lit hike peni




Okukundathana iiningwanima

yomegumbo noyomoshigwana

mekwatathano nethimbo

mesiku, okutsitha kumwe

iiningwanima nethimbo

lyomutenya , lyuusiku , lyongula,

lyokomatango nolyongulohi

Okukwatakanitha iiningwanima

yesiku kehe megumbo

nomoshigwana , omathimbo

nomasiku , iiwike noomwedhi

Okukwatakanitha iiningwanima

yesiku kehe megumbo

nomoshigwana , omathimbo

nomasiku , iiwike noomwedhi



Okutumbula omasiku goshiwike

noomwedhi dhokomuvo

melandulathano lyomondjila

Okuyelekanitha ethimbo ele

nefupi hol. Ohashi kutha ethimbo

ele okutunga egumbo. okafudho

kontala / kotee okafupi

Okulongitha uuyambiitya

mondjila ngaashi ethimbo ela /

efupi , omutenya / Uusiku , ohela

/ nena , ongula / omutenya ,

komatango / kongulohi


noomwedhi dhokomuvo


Okulongitha okalindeli wu mone mo

uuyelele kombinga yomasiku ga

sheywa hol, Oku mona mo esiku

lyevalo lyomuntu gwontumba

Okukoneka uulethimbo,

wiiningwanima ya simana Hol:

Ohatu kala posikola oowili 4 esiku

kehe , oshiwike oshi na omasiku 7

Okuyalula ethimbo nawa lela ,

moowili momatatawili / tundi kotundi

ndjo yin a omuyaluli nomuhingi


noomwedhi dhokomuvo


Okulongitha okalindeli wu mone mo

uuyelele kombinga yomasiku ga

sheywa hol, okumona kutya nena

omasiku gangapi komwedhi

Okutokola uulethimbo

wiiningwanima mootundi , momasiku

nomoomvula nokulongitha

iiyuthithimbo

Okuyalula ethimbo nawa lela

mootundi , momatatatundi , miitine

nomoominute kontundi yomuyaluli

nomuhingi

Ulika 4.15 kontundi yomuhingi

nomuyaluli

Iimaliwa yaNamibia Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa uve ko naanaa nkene ye na ku longitha iimaliwa yaNamibia




Okuluka nokuyoolola ongushu paku yi dhimbulula ngaashi 5c,10c,50c,N$1 no N$5

Okuluka nokuyoolola iimaliwa ayihe , iikukutu nomafo , N$10; na N$20 nokupopya ongushu

Okuluka nokuyoolola iimaliwa iikukutu nomafo N$10,N$20 no N$ 50 nokupopya ongushu nuukwatya

Okupopya omaukwasha gayo ngaashi uunene omandhindhiliko kuyo , olwaala nongushu

Okuhogolola engwanda 50c noku

nomaukwatya gayo

Okufala oosenda koondola nenge oodola koosenda 200c =N$2

Okuhogolola engwanda N$5 li thike

wayo

Okufala oosenda moodola noodola moosenda 265c =N$2,65

Okuhogolola ehwata



li oosenda omulongo dhi li mulyo 50c=10c+10c+10c+10c+10c

10c=5c+5c Nosho wo engwanda lyo 10c ngaashi sha hololwa

Okuningwa omalandithilo gokulanda nokulanditha to longitha iidhanithomaliwa

Okuyalula iimaliwa nokugandja oshendja yomondjila tayi zi moodola N$5 nayi kale moosenda nenge moodola

pamwe niimalowa iikukutu ya yooloka N$5=N$1+N$1+N$1+N$1+N$1

Okuthaneka omusholondondo gwiinima e to tengeneke oondanda dhayo noku ka tala oondondo dholela moositola wu dhi yelekanithe nodhoye ndhi wa tengeneka

Okuninga omalandithilo okulanditha iinima , longitheni iidhanithomaliwa , yaluleni iimaliwa mu gandje oshendja yomondjila tayi zi N$ 20

Okugandja iimaliwa iikukutu yi thike poo N$10 Osha pula Ester N$ 11.50 okulanda

iiyimati

Okwa gandja efo N$20 e shi ningi

ngaashi tashi landula

N$11.50+N$5+N$2N$1+50c=N$20

lyiimaliwa iikukutu sigo opoodola N$10=N$5N$5N$1.10=N$1+10C

Okuthaneka omusholondondo gwiilandomwa e to tengeneke oondando dhayo noku tala oondando dholela moositola wu yelekanithe nodhoye ndhi wa tegeneka

Okutengeneka ondando yiinima iyali hol, shiwme osha kotha N$6.90+N$4, 20 Oshikwawo N$11.00. longa mo oshendja

Okuniga omalandithilo , okulanda nokulanditha iinima yongushu N$50 okuyalula iimaliwa noku gandja oshendja yi li mondjila Konga mo oshendja yi thike N$ 20 yi li momafo nomiikukutu Paulus okwa landa iikullya N$ 37. Okwa futu N$ 50. Ngashingeyi ota longo mo

oshendja nokugwedha N$ 37 sigo

ta adha N$50

Hol, N$37+N$10+N$2+N$1=N$50

ONTSEYOMETO Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa koneke nonaa luke omaludhi giinima yombinga 2 (2D) noshowo mbyoka yoombinga 3 (3D)






Okuyoolola nokuluka iinima yoombinga 2 dhi thike pamwe no showo mbyono yoombinga ndatu (2D na 3D) Ngaashi : ombine , ongonga , olee nonkuvundatu

Okumona nokuyoolola iinima momudhingoloko

Okuyoolola nokutula moongundu shi ikwatelela kuunene , kolupe , nokuuwindji woombinga

Okuthaneka omalupe nomaukwatya gago to longitha iitya ngaashi , ongonga , oombinga ookolonela , ukilila , hol okuthaneka “lee” yin a oombinga mbalo oofupi dhu ukilila nambali oonde dhu ukilila

Okuyoolola nokuluka iinima

yoombinga 2D dhi thike pamwe no

showo mbyono yoombinga mbali

dhi thike pamwe nosho wo mbyono

yoombinga 2D na 3D Ngaashi :

ombine , ongonga , olee

nonkuvundatu

Okumona nokuyoolola iinima momudhingoloko

Okuyoolola nokutula moongundu omalupe giinima (oombine)

Okuyoolola nokuluka iinima

yoombinga 2 D dhi thike pamwe no

showo ombyono yoombinga 3 2D

na 3D Ngaashi : ombine , ongonga ,

olee nonkuvundatu

Okuyolola nokutula moongundu

omalupu ( quadrilaterals , pentagon,

hexagon,octagon ) shi ikwatelela

komaukwatya gayo gopa “geometry

“

dha tsakanena e tadhi ningi

okolonela

Okuthaneka omafano

noompatolona dhomalupe

oongonga , oonkuvundatu ,

oqwadrilaterale , opentagona ,

ohexagona , ooctagona shi

ikwatelela komaukwatya gayo gopa

“ geometry “ nuuwindji wookolonela

( omadhina , pentagon , hexagona ,

octagon , inaga pumbwa ku longwa

manga

omwaalu gwoombinga , uule

woombinga , omwaalu gwomisinda

, mwaalu gwopamatsakaneno

gomisinda , uuwindji

womatsakaneno pokati komisinda

woodigilii 90® (hexagon , octagona

na pentagona) inaa pumbiwa ku

longwa manga



Okuyolola nokuluka omalupe

giinima yoombinga 3 (3D) ,

ondjundo oprisma yoLee ,

okuvulika wo iinima ngaashi

okakouna nokakopi koice cream

Okufatulula iinima yi shiwike / yi ikwa nokulongitha iitya ngaashi , ongenge ookolonela, iipalal (faces ) omisinda dhu ukilila

Okuthaneka omalupe taga ulike

eyepathano lyiinima ngaashi

okuthaneka “ eyi “ , lya holela

omutholomo gweyi lyolela

Okuthaneka “ olee “ yoombinga

dha faathana yin a omisinda ndatu

dhuule wu thike pamwe

nookolonela dha faathana

Okuthaneka efano noompatolona

dhomalupe

Okuyoolola okolonela yoodigilii 90®

e to longitha iilongitho ((ombapila ,

okolonela , ompatolona ) wu ulike

ookolonela (angels) mefano ndyoka

, nenge wu holole : oshinene shi

vule / oshishona shi vuluke ,

okolonela yoodigilii 90®

Okuthaneka efano noompatolona

dhomalupe mwa kwatelwa

omaukwatya gomalupe giinima

yoombinga 2 dhi thike pame (2D)

naandhi dha goyoka niinima ya

mbatalala / ya pulata

Okweeta po iiholelwa

yopaumwe

Okuyoolola nokuluka iinima yoombinga ndatu (3D) ngaashi ondjundo / oshumbu okakubike,okakouna , elindi, oprisma yo Lee

Okufatulula iinima yi ikwa nokulongitha iitya ngaashi oongenge , ookolonela , iipala

Okuyoolola nokuluka iinima yoombinga ndatu dhi thike pamwe(3D) ngaashi , ondjundo , okakubike , elindi , okakouna , a oprisma yoLee noprismyonkuvundatu pamaukwatya gayo gopa geometry “omisinda , iipala ya yoolola , nenge ya pulata , nomompito yiipala ya pulata gandja kutya ingapi

Okufatulula iinima , yi ikwa / yi

shiwike nokulongitha iitya ngaashi



(faces) shu ukilila , sha goyoka , sha mbatalala , ongonga , shopalee , shopankuvundatu noshopangonga

Okwiiningila iinima yoye mwene yoombinga 3 (3D) to longitha oombapila nenge iinima ya longululwa / ningululwa

oongenge , ookolonela , oopala

(faces) shu ukilila , sha goyoka ,

sha mbatalala / sha plata ,

shopalee, shopankuvundatu

noshopangonga

Okuninga iiholelwa noombapila noniinima ya longululwa ngaashi iipakete , iiti noonailona

Okudhimbulula ookolonela (angles) minima yi igililwa ngaashi okolonela yoshipakete, okolonela yembo noyomweelo

Ehala, omuthika /

ondondo neinyengo

lyiinima

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongwa naa koneke / tseye ehala omuthika ( ondondo ) neinyengo lyiinima




Okufatulula ekwatathano lyoshinima nehala naantu mokulongitha iitya tayi holola ehala lyaho naampono shi li ngaashi kutya : kombanda, kohi, pombanda yasha , kohi yasha, komeho, konima, pondje meni, popepi pokati

Okuulika mpono pun a iinima ,

okulandula uuyelele mokaalita

kaake shi kothaathaa hol,

Pakaalita komongulu yosikola,

oshipundi shandje oshi li

kombinga yolumoho

Okutula nokufatulula omauko gi ili nogi ili giinima pakwatho lyuukalita wiinima yi shiwike ngaashi

Hol, Pakaalita kehalandjandja lyokudhanena , omuti omunene ogu li konima yomuthiya , omanga ongulu yosikola ya gamma kolumoho lwomuti ngo omunenene

Ografa yomafano,

yiimpungu,

noyomisinda

Oshilalakanenwa Aalongea naa gongele naa unganeke , naa ulike nonaa fatulule egongelo lyoomwaalu dhiinima

Omapyokoko Aalongwa naa kale taavulu





Okutula iinima moongundu

pamithikankalo dhayo noku

luka ongundu kehe ngaashi:

iihauto, oololi nst.

Okugongela uuyelele wu na sha noshikalimo ngaashi omwaalu gwaalongwa nuukwatya walo

Okugongela, okuunganeka nokuulika omauyelele gen a ekwatathano noshikalimo shoshinima tashu longwa, ngaashi omaludhi giiyimati/iihepe ,to longitha

Okugongela , okuunganeka nokuulika omauyelele gen a ekwatathano noshikalimo shoshitopolwa tashi longwa ngaashi omwaalu nomaludhi guudhila womomudhingoloko to longitha iimpungu , ogarafa , yefano noyomisinda

Okufatulula iigongelwa wu mone uuyelele noku kundathana kwaasho sha monika po megongelo okutala mografa yefano kutya aalongwa yangapi ye hole etanga osoka

Okulongitha iiyelekitho inaayi uthwa ngaashi uusikilo womakende, okuyeleka iinima noku nyola shono sha leshwa mografa yefano

Okufatulula nokundjandjukununa iinima ku monike uuyelele noku kundathana kwaasho sha monika po megongelo

Hol: Okutala mografa yefano wu mone kutya aalongwa yangapi yalya omayapula moshiwike muno

Okufatulula nokundjandjukunuka ku monike uuyelele nokukundathana kwaashi sha monika megongelo

Hol, okutala kografa yomisinda ku monike kutya omaludhi gangapi guudhila ga monika po

Okulongitha uuyambwiitya

womondjila , mokufatulula

ografa ngaashi shone / indji ,

hashi holoka olwindji / igililwa

indjipala / shonopala , kolelela


9. Etalontseyo

Opo ku monike omuthika gwepyokoko, okwa pumbiwa ku ningwe omatalontseyo gi Ili nogi Ili,

shi gandje efano lya yela lyeyokomeho nolyontseyo yomulongwa. Etalontseyo lya

tsikilathana oli na okukala lya yela, epu notali vulu okuungaungwa nalyo nolya

kankamekelwa kelongo mono omulongwa ta dhana onkandangala

Omapyokoko gomomusindalongo, otaga utha euvoko noowino dhoka omulongwa e na

okwaadha nodho ndi na okutalwa. Ndele nando ongawo, omusindalongo otagu lalakanene

ku longwe tango, omanga inaaku talwa ontseyo

10.1 Elalakano lyetalontseyo

Elalakano lyetalontseyo lya tsikilathana olyo okutala eyokomeho lyaalongwa nosho wo

omapyokoko gawo. Omauyelele ngano ogo naga longithwe mokugandja omayelithilo

pukululo kaalongwa kombinga yoonkondo nuunkundi wawo, mpono taa ulike ya ninga nawa

naampono taa ulike ya pumbwa ya lundulule. Aavali naa pewe aluhe uuyelele wu na sha

neyokomeho lyaanona yawo tashi ningwa moku ya pa oonzapo.

Etalontseyo lya tsikilathana otali kwatha wo aalongi ya hwepopaleke elogo lyawo, notalo pe

aalongwa ompito ombwanawa yokwiilonga. Omuthindo nagu tulwe pantalontseyo

yokwiilonga peha lyokutala nkene yi ilonga. Ohatu ningi etalontseyo, opi tu mone kutya

omulongwa kehe okwa likola shike nokwa pyokola ngiini, opo tu gwedhe ko uupenda

kelongo nokeilongo, shi tu kwathe tu tale ongushu yokugandja elongo kwetu yen tse aalongi

10.2 omaludhi getalontseyo

Omukalo gwetalontseyo inaali longekidhwa: omulongi na tale kutya omulongwa kehe okwa

adha tuu omapyokoko ngono gu ulikwa momusindalongo gwOshindonga hono to mono

efano lyeyokomeho lyomulongwa ngoka. Shino otashi vulu ku ningwa pamukalo inaagu

longekidhwa, okutala eyokomeho lyomulongwa kehe meilongo nomiilonga uuna taa

konakona, taa fatulula sha, mokulongitha uunongo , mokupooya , mokutokola nuuna taa

ningi iinyangadhalwa yawo.

Naku longithwe omikalo dhi ili nodhi ili dhetalontseyo inaalo longekidhwa iilonga yokomake

ekonakono nekonakonthano lyaalongwa yoyene. Etalontseyo nali kankamekelwe koowino /

komapyokoko gontumba, nonali kale li na iilalakanenwa moshinima kehe tashi longwa

nomulyo namu kale iilonga yoohandimwe, yepando noyuungundu. Ekuthombinga

lyaalongwa, eitulomo nomagwedhelopo miilonga yomuungundu, nalyo nali talwe. Monkatu

yeilongo, omulongi na kale a shili palelwa kutya, aalongwa otaa mono omapyokoko (oowino)

yopetameko

10.2 Omukalo gwetalontseyo lya longekidhwa

Metalontseyo muno omwa kwatelelwa elongekidho lyonkalo yiilonga ya shewa ngaashi,

omaudhitho, uukonakono uupu, uukonakono wopakana, ekongo / esindololo (quizzes)

nedhitho noombapila. Omaudhitho otaga vulu ga ningwe koshipelende nenge mombapila.

osha simana unene aalongi ya longekidhe noya thaneke iilonga, pop ya tale noya pe

aalongwa iitsa yo ko mulongo.

Elongitho lyokunyola kwa longekidhwa nekonakono lyokupopya, otali vulu owala okutala

omapyokoko omashona noinali kuthwa ethimbo olindji.uukonakono uufupi otawu vulu ku

ningilwa moontundi dhelaka dhOshindonga nonawau talike ko wa fa iinyangadhalwa nonawu

tonatelwe ongoshitopolwalonga shelaka


10.3 Omusholondondotyekitho gwondondo

Omukalo gwelikolo lyuunongo shin a sha nomapyokoko gomomusindalongo gwOshindonga,

ogwa ulikwa noonday. Uuna iiyelekithondanda tayi gandjwa, oshina oshilonga kutya nadhi

ulike omuthika gwolela gwetaambo (lyuunongo) shi na sha nomapyokoko. Moondondo 1-3,

oshiyelekithondanda osha tsa kumwe (faathana noshiyelekitho shiitsa ihamano ( six points).

Ekwatathano pokati kiiyelekitho mbika otali ulikwa tashi landula.

1.4 Iimetithiuliki yOndondo

ONDONDO %

OMUSHOLOLO OONDONDO 4-12

A 80% + A kangela A funda apehe Ota ti pii apehe meilongo nomeuvoko

B 70-79% A pyokoko a konda sho sha halika oku uvite ko

C 60-69% A pyokoka a adha sho sha halika Okwa ninga hwepo kashona

D 50-59% Okwa kambadhala ngaa hwepo Okwa pumbwa ekwatho opendji

E 40-49% Ina adha naanaa sho sha halika Omukambadhali a pumbwa eyambidhidho

U 0-39% Ina pita , nando a kwathwa olwindji komulongi Omwaambidhidhwa mukehe shilongwa

10.5 Omaludhi getalontseyo lya tsikilathana ga uthwa / ga kolekwa (otaga adhika mo

(“Junior Primary National Policy Guide”)

Etalontseyo nali kale oshitopolwa shelongekidho lyoshileshwa kehe, netalontseyo nali tulwe

mo lya yela. Pethimbo lyiilonga nomanga aalongwa yi ipyakidhila niilonga, omulongi na ninge

etalontseyo inaali longekidhwa naandi lya longekidhwa a tale omapyokoko agehe noowino

miilongwa. Moongundu shopevi, etalontseyo oli ikwatelelela konkalo. Shino otashi ti, uuna

iitsa nenge ondanda tayi gandjwa, osha simana shi holole onkalo, omuthika gwolela

gwetaambo nepyokoko.

10.5.1 Etalontseyo lya tsikilathana

Etalontseyo lya tsikilathana inaali longekidhwa ohali ningwa mokukonakona (observation)

nomokunyola. Shino otashi ningwa manga aalongwa yi ipyakidhila niinyangadhalwa

yomoshileshwa, omulongi ota ndhindhilike melandulathano lyomadhina, shono aalongwa ya

adha , nenge omaudhigu ngo a koneke ye na.ookomenda dha tya ngawo , otadhi mu kwatha

moku ka longekidha iileshwa tayi ka landula, elongekidho lyiileshwa tayi ka landula,

elongekidho lyiileshwa yoyene pankatu, shone tashi vulu ku kwatha miileshwa. Yoyene

ponkatu, shono tashi vulu ku kwatha miileshwa nonkene iitsa tayi ka gandjwa metalontseyo

lya tsikilathana lya longekidhwa inashi pumbiwa ku nyolwe okomenda nenge omatseyitho

mepyokoko kehe, ihe otapu vulu pu longithwe okangombe mokuulika kutya omulongwa okwa

mona owino. Ihe uuna omulongwa ta shushadhala nota pumbwa ekwatho noku nyolwe

omatseitho.

10.5.2 Etalontseyo lya tsikilathana lya longekidhwa

Etalontseyo lya tsikilathana lya longekidhwa ohali ningwa aluhe konima yoshitopolwa

shotumba, nenge uuna oshinima sha longwa ku wetike sha pumbwa etalontseyo, omanga

onaaku ka tamekwa noshikwawo. Aalongi otaa vulu okugandja uukonakono uufupi pakana


nenge pakunyola nenge pakuudhitha muule woshikako. Mwaashino omulongi ota gandja

iitsa yo ko (tala mo 10.3)

Momatalontseyo agehe goshikako, limwe alike lya pumbwa li nyolwe, netalontseyo ndino, oli

na okuningwa pethimbo taku longwa. Shino otashi ti hamulongwa gwomoondondo

dhopetameko (1-3) Te ningilwa ekonakono nenge ta pewa elandulathano lyomakonakono

Iitsa yetalontseyo lya tsikililatha, ohayi nyolwa mofooloma yayo yowina yetalontseyo lya

tsikilathana. Kehulilo lyoshikako, iitsa yiilongwa ayihe ohayi tulwa kumwe mokampungu kayo.

Omwaalu gwopokati ohagu monika mokutopola omwaalu aguhe gwiitsa yomatalontseyo ga

ningwa ( ga longekidhwa ) nomwaalu gwomatalontseyo go gene , neyamukulo ohali gandjwa

noodesimaale dhalyo ngaashi dhi li. Omwaalu gwopokati ohagu tulwa moshiyelekithondondo

ngaashi sha ulikwa mu 10,3


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