Mind Stretcher – Copy Both

1. Which is larger: prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?

2. What type of cells make up the human body? (Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic)

Eukaryotic

Directions

• Get out your organizer from Friday

• Complete the back using pages 68 & 69 in the textbook

• Fill out the Venn Diagram…you don’t have to use “inside” and “organization” if you don’t want to…create your own ideas in the circles!

Cell membrane

cytoplasm

Standard S7L2b:

Relate cells structures (cell membranes, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria) to basic cell functions

Did You Know?Did You Know?

• We are made up of microscopic living things called: CELLS

• There are Approximately 100 TRILLION cells in the Human Body.

100 Trillion

The PartsThe Parts• Cells are made up of different parts called organelles. • Each part has a specific function!• The Organelles:

– Nucleus– Mitochondria– Cytoplasm– Endoplasmic Reticulum– Ribosomes– Golgi Bodies (Apparatus)– Vacuoles– Lysosomes– Cell Membrane– Cell Wall– Chloroplast

Cell Membrane• Function- To protect the cell and allow

things IN and OUT.

• Analogy- A Cell Membrane is like a FENCE.

• Found- Animal & Plant Cells

CytoplasmCytoplasm• Function- Gel-like fluid found all throughout the cell;

All other organelles are suspended (floating) in it.• Analogy- The Cytoplasm is like Jell-O, constantly

moving & swishing around• Found- Plant & Animal Cells

The NucleusThe Nucleus

• Function- DNA (our genes) is found here. It directs the cell’s activities and houses the nucleolus.

(Tells all the other parts what to do! )

• Analogy- Acts like the Brain• Found- Animal & Plant Cells

NucleolusNucleolus

• Found INSIDE the Nucleus!

MitochondriaMitochondria

• Function- Performs respiration which breaks down sugar to produce energy! (In the form of ATP)

• Analogy- “Power plant” of the Cell• Found- Animal & Plant Cells

Where is Mitochondria??Where is Mitochondria??

RibosomesRibosomes

• Function- Makes protein out of amino acid. All cells need protein to function!

• Analogy- Ribosomes are like a Protein Factory

• Found- Animal & Plant Cells

Where are Ribosomes? Where are Ribosomes?

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum• Function- Carry proteins and other cell materials

from one part of cell to another.• Two Types- Smooth ER and Rough ER

– Rough E.R. has Ribosomes– Smooth E.R. does NOT have Ribosomes!

• Analogy- Like Roadways/Highways• Found- Animal & Plant Cells

Where is the Where is the Endoplasmic Reticulum:Endoplasmic Reticulum:

• Rough E.R.? Rough E.R.? • Smooth E.R?Smooth E.R?

Golgi Bodies/Golgi Bodies/Golgi Apparatus

::• Function- Recieves Proteins (mail) from the E.R., Packages them (puts it in envelope) then Distributes them to other parts of cell (Mailman)

• Analogy- Like Post office • Found- Plant & Animal Cells

Where are Golgi Where are Golgi Bodies???Bodies???

VacuolesVacuoles• Function- Stores food and water;

– Largest are found in plant cells and smallest in animal cells.

• Analogy- Like a Storage Container• Found- Plant & Animal Cells

Where is the Vacuole? Where is the Vacuole?

Some Animal Cells have Vacuoles while Others Don’t!!

LysosomesLysosomes

• Function- Break down old cell parts & release them for recycling

• Analogy- Like the Janitors of the Cell• Found- Plant & Animal Cells

Recap:Recap:• Plant and Animal Cells are made of parts called

ORGANELLES.• Each Organelle has a Function/Job:

Cytoplasm • Surrounds and Constantly Moves Organelles

Nucleus• Brain

Mitochondria• Powerplant

Endoplasmic Reticulum• Roadways

Ribosomes• Protein Factories

Golgi Bodies• Post Office

Vacuoles• Food Storage Containers

Lysosomes• Janitors

A plant cell has two more organelles that animal cells don’t!

But Wait…There’s More!But Wait…There’s More!

Chloroplast• Function- Makes food for the cell through

Photosynthesis – Chlorophyll is a green pigment inside the

chloroplast that traps the sunlight needed and gives plants their green color.

• Analogy- Like a Restaurant/Chef

• Found- Plant Cells

Cell Wall• Function- Rigid, cellulose structure that

gives support to a cell.– Although made of different materials algae,

fungi, bacteria, and archaea also have cell walls.

• Analogy- Like a brick wall surrounding a building!

• Found- Plant Cells