Millennium Development Goals

Uruguay vs. Tobago

Created by: Talon Sweeten & Mandy Nelson

What are the Millennium

Development Goals?

They are the world's time-bound and quantified targets for addressing extreme

poverty in its many dimensions. These dimensions are income poverty, hunger, disease, lack of adequate shelter, and

exclusion-while promoting gender equality, education, and environmental sustainability.

Goal #1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and

HungerBetween 1990 and 2015, the

proportion of people whose income is less than $1 a day, and who

suffer from hunger should be cut in half.

Goal #1Uruguay

Poverty

GNI per capita 2012, US$: $13,510

GDP per capita average annual growth rate 1990-2012: 2.3%

The people in Uruguay would be making about $37 per day. Uruguay has accomplished the goal of having more than half their people earning

more than $1 per day.

Hunger

Use of improved drinking water sources: 99.8

Kilocalories per person per day: 140

Tobago

Poverty

GNI per capita 2012, US$: $14,400

GDP per capita average annual growth rate 1990-2012: 4.7%

The people in Tobago would be making about $39 per day. Tobago

has accomplished the goal of having more than half their people earning

more than $1 per day.

Hunger

Use of improved drinking water sources: 93.9

Kilocalories per person per day:220ComparisonLooking at the statistics from both countries, we observed that although Uruguay’s HDI Score was 50 to Tobago’s 59, Tobago is better off when it comes to the issues of poverty and hunger.

Goal #2: Achieve Universal Primary

EducationThis goal ensures that, by 2015, children

everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary

schooling.

Goal #2

Uruguay

Enrollment ratios: Females as a % of males, Primary: 96.7%

Gross enrollment ratio % for males: 113.9%

Gross enrollment ratio % for females: 110.2%

Tobago

Enrollment ratios: Females as a % of males, Primary: 96.6%

Gross enrollment ratio % for males: 106.5%

Gross enrollment ratio % for females:102.9%

Comparison: We thought that it was interesting that the enrollment ratio for Uruguay which is at for males is 113.9 and for females is 110.2 even though higher than Tobago’s ratio of 106.5 for males and 102.9 for females is just about the same percentage ratio of females to males. Both countries are doing well in accomplishing the second millennium development goal.

Goal #3: Promote Gender Equality & Empower

WomenEliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than

2015.

Goal #3Uruguay

Enrolment ratios for secondary education: females as a % of males

2008-2012: 113.7%

An example of women being empowered in Uruguay is the

women being able to build a center to discuss participative budgets this is a method by which the

members of a neighborhood decide how best to spend specific

resources allocated to their district.

Tobago

Enrolment ratios for secondary education: females as a % of males 2008-2012: 106.9%

According to the UNDP the enrollment rates of women are

substantially higher than males. The concern however is about the proportion of national assembly seats held by women will not be

met before 2015.

ComparisonAlthough both countries are working on promoting gender equality and empowering women, it is show in the ratios that Uruguay is ahead of Tobago in empowering women through secondary education.

Goal #4: Reduce Child Mortality

Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate.

Goal #4Uruguay

Under 5 mortality rate in the years of…

1990: 23

2000: 16

2012: 7

Annual Rate of Reduction: 5.3%

Tobago

Under 5 mortality rate in the years of…

1990: 33

2000: 28

2012: 21

Annual Rate of Reduction: 2.1%

ComparisonThe mortality rate for children under five in Uruguay is significantly better than in Tobago. Both countries are progressing on their goal of reducing child mortality. We believe that by the looks of the statistics that Uruguay will meet the goal. It is looking really close for Tobago to meet the goal.

Goal #5: Improve Maternal Health

Reduce the maternal mortality by three-quarters, between 1990 and 2015.

Goal #5Uruguay

Maternal Mortality Ratio adjusted: 29

Uruguay is on the point of reaching the goal of reducing the maternal mortality ratio, but it is still behind in other aspects of maternal health, like providing integrated sexual and reproductive health care, fighting syphilis and checking on mothers and babies during the postpartum

period.

Tobago

Maternal Mortality Ratio adjusted: 46

Tobago’s Target is to reduce maternal mortality rates to 14 per 100,000 by 2015.

Currently they are at 46 per 100,000 live births.

Comparison:Comparing the maternal mortality ratio Uruguay is leading in live births with an actual 29 per 100,000 death rate to Tobago’s 46. Both have decreased the number of deaths consistently over the past few years. Both countries definitely have the potential of reaching millennium development goal #5.

Goal #6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and

Other DiseasesHave halted by 2015 and begun to reverse

the spread of HIV/AIDS.

Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major

diseases.

Goal #6Uruguay

People of all ages living with HIV

Low: 9.8

High: 19

Tobago

People of all ages living with HIV

Low: 13

High: 15

Comparison:The low for the people of Uruguay living with HIV is lower than Tobago, and the high is higher. We thought that this was kind of odd, because if one number is lower usually the other number is lower but in this situation it is not. We were not able to find statistics on malaria or other diseases, so we concluded that these two countries are really pretty healthy. Even though there is still HIV in the countries.

Goal #7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs and reverse the

loss of environmental resources.

By 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic

sanitation should be cut inhalf.

Have achieved by 2020 a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers

Goal #7Uruguay

Use of improved sanitation facilities. 98.9

Use of improved drinking water sources (%) 2011,

total: 99.8%

Tobago

Use of improved sanitation facilities. 92.1

Use of improved drinking water sources (%) 2011,

total: 93.9%

Comparison:Uruguay is leading in both sanitation and improved drinking water. Due to these statistics it shows that Uruguay should have a healthier more sanitary population than Tobago. Really both of the countries have a high percentage of improved sanitation and drinking water. We believe that both countries will reach this goal by the year 2015.

Goal #8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development

Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, nondiscriminatory trading and financial system. This would include a commitment to good governance,

development, and poverty reduction. Both nationally and internationally.

Address the special needs of the Least Developed Countries along with the special needs of landlocked

developing countries and small island developing states.

Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and

international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term.

Goal #8Uruguay

Uruguay’s dual role of a country that gives and receives international

cooperation, promoted a policy of South-South

cooperation. This denotes a shift from traditional

cooperation with one that is based on the principle of "partnership" to achieve

common goals.

Tobago

In the Networked readiness index Tobago ranked 63 out of 138 with a score of 3.8 in

2010-2011

They say that the effort to establish global

partnerships is in everything that they do. With these

partnerships they know that they will continue to

develop with greater impact because of the help from

these partnerships.Comparison:Both Uruguay and Tobago are in partnerships with other countries. They both are coming out and expanding their horizon's by interacting with other countries. They are doing good on working toward achieving goal #8.