mil-std-3009 полный .doc

8/18/2019 MIL-STD-3009 полный .doc

1/108

Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com

METRIC

MIL-STD-30092 February 2001

SUPERSEDINGMIL-L-85762A

!"!#$%$'( ()(&("* #+,

!"$%&%.#"*.#$,"/,&$

(#'%%"!% '(/+"(% #/"(

#('%#$!(#$4 #!#$%(.

"("(( '!/%"! N:IS;

AMSC: N/A AREA: DR!

DISTRI"#TI$N STATEMENT A. Approved for p%&l'c release( d'str'&%t'on 's %nl'm'ted.

http://www.everyspec.com/http://www.everyspec.com/


2/108

''


MIL-STD-3009

''%/%"!%

). *+,-,+ MI010123456A 789 ;?,- ? )@22 = ? +B-= )) 9+ +=?8 erry 'll'am Uames erryV++ -?8H >+=?H erryZ ,--8H > >-+O== =+F8 ?Q-=Z ,- =F?=P ? MI010123456( +;[ - ,F,+=?,+ +9[> =-+GH = +7?,-= > ,7B=FP,,>+=+=>,F.

6. \;9,K,+Z B+ 97H >-+,>+ -, ?+=+9[- 7=P ^7?,-=P ]^^ =9= ,-,9K=B-8HZ >+8H;9+ V>;9+=+=>= ?+=+9[-K 7F ]^^ 9-, 78+[ 89>, -, ,--8H +,-,+Z >,> -, +7?,-= > ?F+=F+= *JL. _+ >,,+ 9K, ;,Y9,F *J L = 9 +, + 9[ -8F,;;,,+F. ^7?,-= =+F-H ;O=G=>,O== > =+F ?Q-=9+,+9[-K ,;;,,+, 7,> USS 1 6X)X 1 3.

W. ],--8H >=+=H?F+=F+= 9 `9,? *JL A = "Z > , > = MI010123456. `F +KZ , F , + = ? , + ? ; ` 9 , * J L C 79[ =Y?+->,> leaby reen. `9, *JL C ?F+=FZ >,> ;,?=9Z ?Q-=F >,7=-8V>=;,,Z >,> = >9, ". \V+F< 9 >9,, C =P ; - ?8,7+,-8

78 +7?,-= > ?F+=F+=. ],--8H +,-,+ +,> ??=+;9-= = >=+=H ?F+=F+= 9 -,


3/108

)


MIL-STD-3009

(#'%%"!% '(/+"(% #/"( #('%#$!(#$4 #!#$%(. "("(( '!/%"! #"';

],--8H > =;9[Y?,-= =-=++?F LL* = F+=;9[Y?,+[ ?F= =-=++?,F= = K-++?,F= =-=++?, i7-8.

1< (=>?@B CHH

1?@B CHH<

],--8H +,-,+ P,,>+=+=>,F =Y9 ?Q-= =Y USS 1 6X)X 1 3 = ?>9B,+ V+=+7?,-= ? >-+,>+.

+H;=F-+ F=-+=?? ;+ W.).W ( +P-=B>=


4/108

6


MIL-STD-3009

`9, C i?Q-= ?F+=F *JLZ =FQH ureen leabuZ >,> ;>,Y,- -, g*J`k ). L ,--F =Y,-== >9,F ";,?9=? = 9 >9,, *JL C.

2< HQ HQGeeraV<

The doc%ments l'sted 'n th's sect'on are spec'f'ed 'n sect'ons and 3 of th's doc%ment.Th's sect'on does not 'ncl%de doc%ments c'ted 'n other sect'ons of th's doc%ment or recommended for add't'onal 'nformat'on or as eamples. h'le every effort has &eenmade to ens%re the completeness of th's l'stZ doc%ment %sers are ca%t'oned that theym%st meet all spec'f'ed re%'rements doc%ments c'ted 'n sect'ons and 3 of th'sdoc%mentZ whether or not they are l'sted.

GWXerYeZ [W\uYeZ]<

S^e\_`_\aZ_W] ]Za[ar[] a[ a[bWW]<

The follow'n spec'f'cat'onsZ standardsZ and hand&oobs form a part of th's doc%ment tothe etent spec'f'ed here'n. #nless otherw'se spec'f'edZ the 'ss%es of these doc%mentsare those l'sted 'n the 'ss%e of the Department of Defense Inde of Spec'f'cat'ons andStandards DoDISS and s%pplement theretoZ c'ted 'n the sol'c'tat'on see 5.6 .

qAND"$$xS

DEARTMENT $ DEENSEUSS16X)X1W Uo'nt Serv'ce Spec'f'cat'on %'de Crew Systems

Cocbp't/Crew Stat'on/Ca&'n qand&oob

USS16X)X13 Uo'nt Serv'ce Spec'f'cat'on %'de Crew Systems A'rcraft0'ht'n qand&oob

USS doc%ments can &e o&ta'ned from ASC/EN$IZ "ld 35XZ 63WX 0oop Road estZr'ht1atterson A" $q 3WW14)X)

MI01qD"x1246)W Electron'cally/$pt'cally enerated A'r&orne D'splays#nless otherw'se 'nd'catedZ cop'es of the a&ove spec'f'cat'onsZ standardsZ andhand&oobs are ava'la&le from the Standard'zat'on Doc%ments $rder DesbZ 4XXRo&&'ns Aven%eZ "%'ld'n DZ h'ladelph'aZ A )@)))13X@. Cop'es of thosedoc%ments 'nd'cated w'th a d'str'&%t'on l'm'tat'on may &e o&ta'ned from ASC/EN$IZ63WX 0oop Rd estZ "ld. 35XZ r'ht1atterson A"Z $q 3WW14)X). Telephone@W4 633156@5( DSN 423156@5.



5/108

W


MIL-STD-3009

cZer GWXerYeZ ^ubV_\aZ_W]<

The follow'n other overnment p%&l'cat'ons form a part of th's standard to the etentspec'f'ed here'n. #nless otherw'se spec'f'edZ the 'ss%es are those c'ted 'n thesol'c'tat'on see 5.6 .

TIT0E ) C$DE $ EDERA0 RE#0ATI$NS

AR art 6W 1 A'rworth'ness Standards: NormalZ #t'l'tyZ Acro&at'cZ andComm%ter Cateory A'rplanes

AR art 63 1 A'rworth'ness Standards: Transport Cateory A'rplanes

Cop'es of ederal Av'at'on Adm'n'strat'on Re%lat'ons may &e v'ewed athttp:// www .f aa. o v /a v r /A S/ A R S /Z or may &e o&ta'ned from the ederal Av'at'on

Adm'n'strat'onZ 2XX Independence Ave.Z SZ ash'ntonZ DC 6X3@).

cr[er W` ^re\e[e\e<In the event of a confl'ct &etween the tet of th's doc%ment and the references c'tedhere'nZ the tet of th's doc%ment tabes precedence. Noth'n 'n th's doc%mentZ howeverZs%persedes appl'ca&le laws and re%lat'ons %nless a spec'f'c eempt'on has &eeno&ta'ned.

http://www.everyspec.com/http://www.faa.gov/avr/AFS/FARS/http://www.faa.gov/avr/AFS/FARS/http://www.faa.gov/avr/AFS/FARS/http://www.faa.gov/avr/AFS/FARS/http://www.faa.gov/avr/AFS/FARS/http://www.faa.gov/avr/AFS/FARS/http://www.everyspec.com/


6/108


MIL-STD-3009

3< (&%/%d%"!

3+H O9[ 7=+[ +=+=>,F=Z ,Y,--8F= ? g*J`k ) . `9, *JL A -?F+=F >,-H ?+?H =K-,9=Y,O=H >,7=-8Z +,> >,> ;>+ >,-K?+, = B


7/108

3


3


8/108

5


MIL-STD-3009

3


9/108

4


e. i?Q-= 7QK -,Y-,B-=

f. iK,-? -;>

. i+>,

h. -,= = ?+=9[-=>=

'. *?+?8 =K-,98 ?87>= ;,,+=+?



10/108

2


MIL-STD-3009

3?Z ^F 6WZ +,-=O, W3@Z i>+7[ )@WW. L

>=-,+8 O?+-+= Z y, z ? ,--F > V+H =+F.,?->-+,+-8H O?+?H K,G=> ` )@45 ;+,?9+ 7H K,G=> O?+-+= ` )@W) ; B B - -8 F= F = = y K9,- 9=-H-F<;7,Y?,-=Z >,> ,Y,- )3 \,O== `Z \=9-= 6Z )@42.

3KH #"'<

gY99=B+? =;,FH =+B-=>F ?+, V-K==Z ?==FH79,K, *JL. gY9=?HZ;9


11/108

@


? +,9[- ?-- ?Q-=. J=- ;9,> -?==F, 9 7


12/108

)X


MIL-STD-3009

g< $&%)(',"!

g =Y9+=+=>=;>+,9[-H B


13/108

MIL-STD-3009

g9B-=.

gH ?+=F+= ;+, .W.3 ^|g III .


14/108

MIL-STD-3009

gH H? ?=K @<

iK,-=B-= ; ++->,F ?Q-= = V-K+=B>H ?+=F+= V9F-+? ;;,,+[ ? ;9 Y-= ;=9+,Z V>=;=?,--K *JLZ 7Y?-= =F Y>=P ?=-=H K9?H. iK,-=B-= ; O?+-+= ,Y,-8 ?^|gk I I. ^7?,-= > ?+=F+= *JL ,Y,-8 ? ^|gk III.

g,+ = K,G=>?Z ,+,> > ?+=9[-=>,F ;?9+ +7?,-= ; O?+-+= = ?+=F+= *JLZ,Y,--8 ? ^|gk I I = ^|gk III.

g


15/108

MIL-STD-3009

g N{IS REEN AZ N{IS REEN "ZN{IS ŒE00$Z N{IS REDZ = uN{IS qITE.u *+?++?= ,--8F O?+,F =K,-=B-=F ; O?+-+= ;9+ 9


16/108

MIL-STD-3009

NV IS G R EE N A

u’ = .088

v’ = .543

r = .037

NVIS GREEN B

u’ = .131

v’ = .623

r = .057

NV IS Y ELL OW

u’ = .274

v’ = .622

r = .083

NV IS R E D

u’ = .450

v’ = .550

r = .060

X.5X

X.3X

X.X

N{IS q IT E

u’ = .190

v’ = .49

r = .04

v'

X.WX

X.6X

X.)X

X.XX

X.XX X.)X X.6X X.WX X.X X.3X X.5X

u'График Цветности МКО 1976 УНС

&!#"( 2< (?HKH C Oi @ijH > #"'


17/108

MIL-STD-3009

gF;--+8 ?Q-= ;=Y?+ >=-,+8 O?+-+= % = v ? ; 9, P 79, + = Z BB--H >,> ;>,Y,- -, g*J`k 6Z = +8H =YF+ ;= ;FQ= V+,9-,+,,+9[-H ;7-+= F+= \gijkJgk A

g,+Z = ?+, G-,H F+ 78+[ 798F =9= Y9-8F. \= ;>9B-==;=+,-= >F;--+8 ?Q-= ;=Y?+ >=-,+8 O?+-+= % = v ?; 9, P 79, + = Z BB--H >,> ;>,Y,- -, g*J`k 6Z =+8H =YF+ ;= ;FQ=V+,9-, +,,+9[-H ;7-+= F+= \gijkJgk A

g


18/108

Downloaded from h ttp://www.everyspec.com

)W

MIL-STD-3009

$,)d!, II< $&%)(',"!. ( '%$"(#$!<

`F;--+8?Q-=

ara.

^g\ ) ^g\ II`9, A `9, " `9, A `9, "

%) v) r >/F6

G?+*JL

%) v) r >/F6

G?+*JL

%) v) r >/F6

G?+*JL

%) v) r >/F6

G?+*JL

i-?- .W..) .X22 .3W .XW4 X.WWX.)

reen A

-,9K=B-

>9,< A

.X22 .3W .XW4 X.WWX.)

reen A

-,9K=B-

>9,< A

L;FK,+9[- .W..6 .X22 .3W .XW4 X.WWX.)

reen A .X22 .3W .XW4 X.WWX.)

reen A

i?Q-= K,-?? ii+

.W.. .X22 .3W .XW4 X.WW

X.)

reen A .X22 .3W .XW4 X.WW

X.)

reen A

^P.Z ,7B, =Y-, ;?>=Z>,+8

.W..3 .X22 .3W .XW4 X.WWX.)

reen A .X22 .3W .XW4 X.WWX.)

reen A

.W..3 .)@X .@ .X X.WWX.)

h'te .)@X .@ .X X.WWX.)

h'te

\


19/108

)


MIL-STD-3009

$,)d!, III< $=i?H #"' K@ HOQ JH;<

^g\ ) ^g\ II

`F;--+8?Q-=

\+ `9, A `9, " `9, A

`9, "

JF-:nNR A

J 79:nNR A

>/F6 JF-:nNR"

J 79:nNR"

>/F6 JF-:nNR A

J 79:nNR A

>/F6 JF-:nNR"

J 79:nNR"

>/F6

i-?-, .W.3.) 111 X.)4 X.WW

) / -,9K=B-

`9,< A

111 X.)4 X.WW

) / -,9K=B-

`9,< A

L;FK,+9[-, .W.3.6 111 X.)4 X.WW 111 X.)4 X.WWi?Q-=K,-? =Z>,+8

reen .W.3.3 111 X.)4 X.WW 111 X.)4 X.WWh'te .W.3.3 ).X X.WW ).X X.WW

\


20/108

)3


MIL-STD-3009

$,)d!, III


21/108


)5

MIL-STD-3009

g F ; - - + , F + - + Z - -K,-=B=?,+ =F=Z =;9= = ;=78Z =;9= = >-9=Z , +,> >,+8>-+9[-8P ;?> = ;


22/108


)4

K,G ;


23/108

)2


MIL-STD-3009

g,+,Y,-, ? ^|gk II I. \= ;>9B-== ;=+,-= ?Q-= +>? ?8,++8H =YF+ ;= ;FQ=V+,9-, +,,+9[-H ;7-+= F+= \gijkJgk A

g=F


24/108

)@


*?+=F+[ 9F-8P =-=>,+? 9 *JL ,Y,-, ? ^|gk III -,;9--F


25/108

6X


MIL-STD-3009

gVGG=O=-+?Q--+= F< ?Q,F8F= >F;--+,F= ? -F +,?99 + 6 ).

g9 = =99F=-,+? 9-8 78+[F=-=F=Y=?,-8. i+,-=Z 9. =F "$Tq $N mode. g` =F -?==F ? -=-H ;99. =F ;=9+ F+ ;>9B,+[ +[ >-G=K+8 K-G=K= = +-G=K


26/108

6)


MIL-STD-3009

giHQ<

L;FK,+9[-8H g` K->Z =9= K-> =9[-H g` +,?9QHZ ?Q,+>-O Y,;,?B-K 9,-K,Z B + 7 8 ; =9 + < Y, ; ,? 9 F K < - , 7 89 ; Q K - , H + = Z > K , ? ;B= K-= ,F9+,1Y,;,?Q=>, ?8>9B-8.

g


27/108

66


MIL-STD-3009

5 '?O

5


28/108

6W


5= 9-8 ;?=+[ ;9 +KZ >,> ;?-8 =;8+,-= -,?--= ?YH+?= ? +?++?== +7?,-=F=Z ,Y,--8F= ?;O=G=>,O== -, 7+=Z O?+-+= = V-K+=B>H >+= 9-8 ;?=+[ ?+F-H >F-,+Z ? >+H ?-- ;>+,9[-, =Y9+,9[-F =,;,Y- + W2X @WX -F - ;,+ =YF-= ?9+,?-H


29/108

A"

6


*=+F, N{ISZ =;9[YZ 9-, ;+,?9+[ 7H =+F


30/108

MIL-STD-3009

5?,=,K,FF, LL* *~ #SA Tr'1&ar ChartZ 7;B=?,Q=H ,Y-= -H>-+,+-+= F-+,+-+= Cm ;=79=Y=+9[- 4X•.

]=,K,FF, 9-, F ,+-==Z B+787>+ =9?,-=Z ;FQ--8H ? 9.,. ? +?++?=

;F,9[- = K=Y-+,9[-=-+=?,--8 +>= ;F+8 ;9+ ++< Y-=; +,79=O *-99-, 6X/6XZ 6X/63Z 6X/WXZ 6X/W3Z 6X/XZ 6X/3Z 6X/3XZ 6X/33Z 6X/5XZ6X/53Z = 6X/4XZ ;= -,79-== ,+-= 6X G+, =9?,-= =;= ,Y,--F ?Q-==.

5


31/108

]9 ;9-= +?++?= -,+QF< >F;--+,.J,9=B= =--K ?Q+?,Z +Q=-Z O,,;=-Z ;?Z +9-=ZGF,O=H =9= ,--K ?+, 9- ,F,+=?,+[ >,> -?,-= 9+7,>?>=.

5F;--+, 9-8 78+[ +,>=F= Z >,>


32/108

MIL-STD-3009

5+[ =9= ?Q--+[ 9-8 ,B=+8?,+[ ; 9


33/108

MIL-STD-3009

5+[ 9-, =YF+[ ;= =;9[Y?,-==;>+,=F+, =9= G+F+, ? +?++?== +7?,-=F=Z ,Y,--8F= ?\=9-== A. \= +=-== ,Y,--H >+= ;>+,9[-8H ?8P-H =K-,9?+?K >F;--+, 9- =YF+[ ;>+,=F+FZ >+8H +?B,++7?,-=F \=9-= A.gYF-= >,K ;>+, 9- , ?+,Z G=9[+, = >;9-=.*;>+,=F+ 9- 78+[ ;FQ- -, +,>F ;?--F ,+-== +;=7,Z B+78 ? ;98 =;8+8?,FK ;9 ;>+,=F+, 789=

?>9B-8 ->9[> O=GZ 7? =9= Y-,>?. `=-,+-8 +B>= O?+-+= )@45#CS ; F = yZ % = v 9-8 ?8B=9+[ ;= =;9[Y?,-== 9


34/108

MIL-STD-3009

Nλ Ž Iλ/Rλ F


35/108

MIL-STD-3009

Ž )@W) C.I.E. +-=+9[-, ;>+,9[-, B


36/108

/cm6

sr nm


37/108

MIL-STD-3009

rλ Ž>VGG=O=-+ +,-= +,,+9[-K 7,YO,

ˆF,+=B-+[ O?+-+[ ;?FK ?+, ,B=+8?,+ ;==;9[Y?,-== >>+=?,--K ;>+,9[-K =Y9+F V++ =+B-=> ?+, 7 9 ?+=B-K ?Q-=.

5, 9-,


38/108

5+= =Y9F;--+ 9- ;,?,+[ +,>=F 7,YFZ B+78 +=K,9,[ >+[Z

;9+,=F+, ? +?++?== +7?,-=F=Z ,Y,--8F= ? \=9-== .

\= +?++?+= ;>+,=F+Z >+8H +?B,+ +7?,-=F\=9-= Z 9- 78+[ +,9[-H >+=. ;+9B-= ->9[>=P O=GZ 7?--8P 7Y-,B-=H = Y-,>? ?++? ;9 ;>+,=F+,. _-K+=B>, >+[ N{IS 9-,

,B=+8?,+[ ; +?++?


39/108

MIL-STD-3009

S Ž0r

0m

FVGG=O=-+

0r Ž +7+=Z >+8=;9[Y, >+[ =;9 =9= ;=F-F, ?++P-=>, -F,+,7=+[ = V-K+=B>, >+[ =;9 =9= ;=F-F, ?++P-=>, -F,+,7=, >+[ rad'ance 9-,=YF+[ ;= >+= l%m'nanceZ ,Y,--H ? +,79=O III.

FH >+= N{IS;= >+=Z +=

N{IS ;= >+=Z


40/108

MIL-STD-3009

@WX*;>+,9[-, V-K+=B>, >+[ spectral rad'ance N{IS NR" ;=;9--H >+= l%m'nance Ž S "λNλdλ

F


41/108

MIL-STD-3009

$?=>O? I:< (H@>BH? @C?>BH? Ki@i>BH@B N:ISGAλ;; >?@@? ,

]9=-, ?9-8 -F i+-=+9[-, P,,>+=+=>, ]9=-, ?9-8 -F i+-=+9[-, P,,>+=+=>,

e3Xe33

e5X

e53

e4X

e43

e2X

e23

e@X

e@3

3XX

3X3

3)X

3)336X

363

3WX

3W3

3eX

3e3

33X

333

35X

353

34X

343

32X

323

3@X

3@3

5XX

5X3

5)X

5)3

56X

563

5WX

5W3

5eX

5e3

53X

533

55X

553

54X

543

52X

523

).XXXXE1X).)63XE1X).63XXE1X).W43XE1X).3XXXE1X).5)46E1X).43XXE1X).@W43E1X6.)63XE1X6.6655E1X6.W43XE1X6.4535E1XW.)63XE1X

[email protected].)243E1X.563XE1X3.X4XWE1X3.3XXXE1X3.2W3@[email protected]).363E1XW

)[email protected])43E1XW4.2XXXE1XW).)XXE1X6).3XXXE1X66.565WE1X63.6XXXE1X62.2W22E1X6).43XXE1X).W622E1X)5.)W2XE1X)5.4435E1X)

4.2XE1X)2.632E1X)2.2@4XE1X)2.@53E1X)@.XWXE1X)@.)X3)E1X)@.)46XE1X)@.66)E1X)@.645XE1X)@.W63E1X)

5@X5@3

4XX

4X3

4)X

4)3

46X

463

4WX

4W3

4eX

4e3

43X

43345X

453

44X

443

42X

423

4@X

4@3

2XX

2X3

2)X

2)3

26X

263

2WX

2W3

2eX

2e3

23X

233

25X

253

24X

243

22X

223

2@X

2@3

@XX

@X3

@)X

@)3

@6X

@63

@WX

@.W4@XE1X)@.2XE1X)@.3)4XE1X)@.325XE1X)@.533XE1X)@.4WXE1X)@.4@WXE1X)@.2X6XE1X)@.262XE1X)@.22W2E1X)@.@W)XE1X)@.@4)@E1X)).XXXXE‚XX

).XXXXE‚XX).XXXXE‚XX).XXXXE‚XX).XXXXE‚XX@.@2)E1X)@.@55XE1X)@.@3WE1X)@.@3XE1X)@.@W2XE1X)@.@W)XE1X)@.256XE1X)@.4@WXE1X)@.462WE1X)

@.533XE1X)@.33)3E1X)@.2XE1X)@.WX6E1X)@.6)XE1X)@.)46XE1X)@.)XWXE1X)2.5WWE1X)2.XXXXE1X)4.622E1X)5.336XE1X)3.2X)5E1X)

3.XWXE1X).636WE1X)W.2XE1X)6.34XE1X)).43XXE1X)).)XX@E1X)5.6)XXE1X6.W)63E1X66.45XXE1X6).3363E1X65.@XXXE1XW


42/108

MIL-STD-3009

$?=>O? :< (H@>BH? @C?>BH? Ki@i>BH@B N:ISGhλ;; >?@@? h

]9=-, ?9-8 -F i+-=+9[-, P,,>+=+=>, ]9=-, ?9-8 -F i+-=+9[-, P,,>+=+=>,e3X

e33e5X

e53

e4X

e43

e2X

e23

e@X

e@3

3XX

3X3

3)X

3)3

36X

363

3WX

3W3

3eX

3e3

33X

333

35X

353

34X

343

32X

323

3@X3@3

5XX

5X3

5)X

5)3

56X

563

5WX

5W3

5eX

5e3

53X

533

55X

553

54X

543

52X

523

).XXXXE1X3

).)63XE1X3).63XXE1X3).W43XE1X3).3XXXE1X3).5)46E1X3).43XXE1X3).@W43E1X36.)63XE1X36.6655E1X36.W43XE1X36.4534E1X3W.)[email protected].)243E1X3.563XE1X33.X4XWE1X33.3XXXE1X33.2W3@[email protected]@.4522E1X3).)XXXE1X).6355E1X

).26XXE1X6.532)E1X3.63XXE1X).X)[email protected]@.X@W3E1XW).2)E1X6.54E1X64.2XE1X66.X@@E1X).XXW4E1X)

5.4)W@E1X)@.XWXE1X)@.)X4WE1X)@.)46XE1X)@.64)E1X)@.645XE1X)@.W63E1X)

5

@X

5

@

3

4

X

X

4

X

3

4

)

X

4

)

3

4

6

X

4

6

3

4

W

X

4

W3

4

e

X

4

e

3

4

3

X

4

3

3

4

5

X

4

5

3

4

@.W4@XE1X)

@.2XE1X)@.3)4XE1X)@.325XE1X)@.533XE1X)@.4WXE1X)@.4WXXE1X)@.2X6XE1X)@.262XE1X)@.22W2E1X)@.@W)XE1X)@.@4)@E1X)).XXXXE‚XX).XXXXE‚XX).XXXXE‚XX).XXXXE‚XX).XXXXE‚XX@.@2)E1X)@.@55XE1X)@.3WXE1X)@.@3XE1X)@.@2WXE1X)@.@W)XE1X)@.256XE1X)@.4@WXE1X)@.462WE1X)@.533XE1X)@.33)3E1X)

@.2XE1X)@.WX6E1X)@.6)XE1X)@.)46XE1X)@.)XWXE1X)2.5WWE1X)2.XXXXE1X)4.622E1X)5.336XE1X)3.2X)5E1X)3.XWXE1X).636WE1X)W.2XE1X)

6.34XE1X)).43XXE1X)).)XX@E1X)5.6)XXE1X6.W)63E1X66.45XXE1X6).3363E1X65.@XXXE1XW


43/108

MIL-STD-3009

5


44/108

;?>= ;>+,=F+,.5, 9-, ,> ,Y,-? -,+QF >+[ 9-, =YF+[;= F,>=F,9[-F += =;9 = F,+,7=?,+[ ;9--K +=.


45/108

MIL-STD-3009

5i?tj @i

\?>, V-K+=B>H >+= N{IS ;=7?Z ;H 7K, ;,-9[7,> -?==F,-;+?-- >-+9[-8F


46/108

,+-= 79 BF WX GK, =+F, -,P=+ -, YF9.=F 9- 78+[ ?==F8F =+FH N{IS F=-=F,9[-K ,+-= W -F;= -,P-== ? ?Y


47/108

MIL-STD-3009

5,-K =9= >8+-K =F, 9-, ;?=+[ ;= = =-G,>,-K =F, 9-, 78+[ 9


48/108

MIL-STD-3009

6 K?H_++ ,Y9 =+ 7QBJi?H^7?,-= > ?Q-=Z ,Y,--8 ? -,+QF > ?F< ?-?Z ? >+8P B9-8 V>=;,, 9-8?8;9-+[ ?= 7Y,--+= ;= =;9[Y?,-== =+F8 N{IS.

6


49/108

MIL-STD-3009

6 l% l

]9 ;7,Y?,-= G+F+=B>=P =-=O ? V+F >, >


50/108

MIL-STD-3009

&!d(f%"!% A

!%&!$%d4", ,,&,$&, n"%&%$!%#(.#'%$!(#$! &(#$! ! (#'%%""(#$!

, O = = .

,


51/108

MIL-STD-3009&!d(f%"!% A

A< *\k`^i]gik^ ;?+ ,Y ? ;9K, =9= B,QZ 9=-7P=F = = K Y< ;?+ ? =,;,Y- 9=-8 ?9-8 = -,=-+?,9,PZ K9,= ?9+ +?++?= *\k`^i]gik^ +7?,-=F > B< ;?+ +9[- 9>,K -,7, ;+=>=Z =9= >K, =;9[Y+=B>= =YF--H = ;>,Y8?,FH

=-=>,+F 9=-8 ?9-8. \?+F+[ 9=-8 ?9-8 9-, +,?9+[±X.3 -F.

,


52/108

;>+, =Y9=F,9[-8F =YF--8F = G,>+=B>=F Y-,B-=F= - ;?8,+ ) -F.


53/108

MIL-STD-3009&!d(f%"!% A

*\k`^i]gik^ ;P=+ =;8+,-= -, ;?+F+[ 9=-8 ?9-8 ? +F9,H 9=-== ;>+, =Y9=F,9[-8PY-,B-=H 9=-8 ?9-8 - ;?8,+ X.3 -F.

,,H >,98 =YF-=H.];,+Z B+78 ,Y-= ,?-9[ =9= ;?P=9 -, ±X.X3• >,,9< =YF-=H.

, , - = ? , - = = F , > = F , 9 [ - 8 H H G - ,9. \?>, HG, -,8F >,-=?,-=F 7Y,+9[-,.

,


54/108

MIL-STD-3009&!d(f%"!% A

g-+-=?-+[ ?+, L8P *\k`^i]gik^

X.)N X.)R ±X.X)RX.3N X.3R ±X.X)R

3N 3.XR ± X.6R

)XN )XR ± X.6R3XN 3XR ± 6.XR

)XXN )XXR ± 6.XR3XXN 3XXR ± 6XR

)XXXN )XXXR ± 6XR3XXXN 3XXXR ± 6XXR

)XXXXN )XXXXR ± 6XXR

,i

K, ;,+F +--= =K-,9/


55/108


3X

MIL-STD-3009APPENDIz A

,3,O= +B-+= ;?+ ? +B-= += FO? ;?-==YF=+9[-8P =;8+,-=H. L=G=>,O= ,9=7?>= *\k`^i]gik^Z = ,?--= =YF--KY,Y,+9F=. i+>9--= gYF--HV-K+=B>H ?+=F+= -, >,H 9=- ?9-8 ? =,;,Y-V9>+F,K-=+-K ;>+, + W2X1 @WX1-F =-+?,9F ? 3 -F =?8B=9--8P O?+?8P >=-,+ +,-,+-H 9,F;8 - 9-;?8,+[ +=G=O=?,--8 ;>,Y,+9=Z ,Y,--8 ? ;+ A .W.) ) .



56/108


3)

, B,+[ =;8+,+9[-K 7= =>,9=7?>=Z B+78 K,,-+=?,+[Z B+ G+F+ +?B,+ ?F

+7?,-=F -,+QK >,9=7?>,P = ;?>,P9-8 P,-=+[ F = ? 9F===.

,,9=7?,- ; F+,FZ +?B,Q=F +,-,+,FNIST.

,


57/108


36

HF,.

A=F,9[-H ;K-+[ XZX3 mm XZXX6 HF.

AJ?O ?

\K-+[ ;9=Y,O== 9-, ;?+[ ;+= F< +,-,+-H9,F;H = G+F+F = =YF-=F >+=. J7P=F ;?-,Y,-=F= =YF-=H F-[ =9= ,?-, ;O-+-H ;K-+=Z= >>+=?>,;9-= +,-,+-H 9,F;8 - 9-, F-+[. \,B, 9=-H-K

;9=Y,+, 9-, 78+[ ?8 =9= ,?-, 6X•Z , ;,B, ?K, -= =-+=?,-8 +,>=F7,YFZ B+ -,;,?9-= ;9=Y,O== ?

< G+F+, 9 =YF-= O?+?8PP,,>+=+=> =+F8 N{IS +.. N{IS ‹9-8HZ N{IS j9+8H =9= N{IS



58/108


3W

`,-8H. `,9=7?>, 9-, ;?=+[ ? +?++?== +7?,-=F=+,-,+? NIST.

A


59/108


3

(=JH

h,> ?+?. ,B+8 7,YO, -?,-8 -, ,--8PZ

;9+=+=> -K >->+-K>F;--+, ?Q-=Z =K-,9[-K K-. `=-,+8 O?+-+= =Y-,B-= >+= =+F8 N{ISZ ;9 > V+F< >->+-F< ;9- ? ^,79=O II I -,+QK +,-,+,Z +7F;--+, ?+,Z ;=-F=-,9[-8P


60/108


33

Y,,--H >+=

0m Ž >+[Z =YF--, ;>+,=F+F.

=. L1) V+ >=?, ;>+,9[-K ?8P-K =K-,9,Z >K, -, -K;,+ ;=+,-= 9 ;9 N{IS gY9


61/108


35


62/108


34

# $ % r & ' ( ) ) * + , % # - 2 . / # . * r

4 0 0

5 0 0

6 0 0

7

0 0

8 0 0

9 0 0

A.

% 1 %)6

‚ v 1 v)6

” r6

FBHQk iQlHk @H?> C HH?>BHQl @>iliJ=mH

61108 \[oY2; 17839`L;


63/108

MIL-STD-3009APPENDIz h

1 0 R e l. R e s p. 1 0 Rel. Resp . 10 Rel. Resp . 1 0 Rel.Resp.

W4X 4.W43E1X4 3)X ).6))@E1X6 53X 2.3@XE1X2 4@X ).W65E1X4W43 @.523)E1X5 3)3 ).W422E1X6 533 2.33W3E1X2 4@3 ).W5WE1X4

W2X W.W433E1X4 36X ).3X2XE1X6 55X 2.32XWE1X2 2XX ).X33E1X4W23 6.W463E1X4 363 ).5W62E1X6 553 2.32@E1X2 2X3 ).44E1X4W@X ).2@3E1X4 3WX ).4)6WE1X6 54X 2.5)W@E1X2 2)X ).@W4E1X4W@3 ).5@56E1X4 3W3 ).45E1X6 543 2.5@WE1X2 2)3 ).3)6E1X4XX ).3@3E1X4 3X ).4)4)1X6 52X 2.4X@2E1X2 26X ).322@E1X4X3 ).3W2WE1X4 33 ).56XXE1X6 523 2.4532E1X2 263 ).56)E1X4)X ).446E1X4 33X ).23XE1X6 5@X 2.2W44E1X2 2WX ).5@)2E1X4)3 ).6XWE1X4 333 ).W)22E1X6 5@3 2.@)@E1X2 2W3 ).4)@E1X46X ).W233E1X4 35X ).))25E1X6 4XX @.X)6@E1X2 2X ).4@W)E1X463 ).W@4E1X4 353 @.)3)3E1XW 4X3 @.)X3E1X2 23 ).233E1X4WX 6.@)XXE1X5 34X 4.X@E1XW 4)X @.6)2@E1X2 23X ).@X6E1X4W3 .5X@)E1X5 343 3.))@)E1XW 4)3 @.W4X4E1X2 233 ).@5W3E1X4

X 6.63E1X3 32X W.52XE1XW 46X @.3)XE1X2 25X 6.X64E1X43 5.X342E1X3 323 6.)@65E1XW 463 @.5))E1X2 253 6.X@@6E1X43X ).)6)3E1X 3@X ).655XE1XW 4WX @.4W4E1X2 24X 6.)455E1X433 6.23E1X 3@3 5.5X62E1X 4W3 @.4566E1X2 243 6.65WWE1X45X .32E1X 5XX W.X226E1X 4X @.344)E1X2 22X 6.W562E1X453 2.6)5)E1X 5X3 ).)2@WE1X 43 @.W)4E1X2 223 6.2@)E1X44X ).WWWE1XW 5)X .W5X5E1X3 43X @.5)62E1X2 2@X 6.56W5E1X443 6.)62)E1XW 5)3 ).6X3E1X3 433 ).X)33E1X4 2@3 6.45XE1X42X W.))@6E1XW 56X W.@2W4E1X5 45X ).X4@@E1X4 @XX 6.2@3WE1X423 .WW54E1XW 563 2.5)4XE1X2 453 ).)WWE1X4 @X3 W.262WE1X4@X 3.4X@E1XW 5WX 2.34)2E1X2 44X ).)444E1X4 @)X W.)5X)E1X4@3 4.6@6XE1XW 5W3 2.33@E1X2 443 ).6)@E1X4 @)3 W.6@5E1X4

3XX 2.2@65E1XW 5X 2.3WX2E1X2 42X ).63)@E1X4 @6X W.366E1X43X3 ).X42E1XW 53 2.333E1X2 423 ).6245E1X4 @63 W.534E1X4@WX W.242)E1X4

&@< h-1< #C?>BHQk iQlHk @H?> C HH?>BHJH?KH iJ=mH 61108 \[oY2; 17839`L; -C>mH


64/108


#$%r&

DAE 85+09+19

ILE ANV R

1E37E4

5E4

3E4

1E47E5

5E5

3E5

NAE GR SWI

A 9.77955E04

IN 4.78211E09

'( 1E5

))*+ 7E6

,%5E6

#- 3E6

2/# 1E6

*r 7E7

5E7

3E7

1E7

7E85E8

3E8

1E8

40

050 60

0 070 80 900 0 0

/(/)r*

&@< h-2< #C?>BHQk iQlHk @H?> C 03g3 \[oY2 0I `L;


65/108


1 0 R e l. R e s p. 1 0 Rel. Resp . 10 Rel. Resp . 1 0 Rel.Resp.

W4X .)WE1X2 3)3 4.46@XE1X 55X .2X@@E1X 2X3 2.))36E1X@W43 3.6@6E1X4 36X 2.3W3E1X 553 .2)6E1X@ 2)X 2.W4WE1X@

W2X ).2@66E1X2 363 @.)362E1X 54X .2624E1X@ 2)3 2.5W@5E1X@W23 ).W6@@E1X2 3WX @.3@2E1X 543 .223E1X@ 26X 2.@X4XE1X@W@X ).X563E1X2 3W3 @.44@5E1X 52X .226E1X@ 263 @.6X3WE1X@W@3 @.3X25E1X@ 3X @.563WE1X 523 .@)W2E1X@ 2WX @.2XE1X@XX 2.@WE1X@ 33 @.X2))E1X 5@X .@3)E1X@ 2W3 @.45E1X@X3 2.56WXE1X@ 33X 2.W63E1X 5@3 .@@4E1X@ 2X ).XX3)E1X2)X 2.62)XE1X@ 333 4.W@65E1X 4XX 3.X36E1X@ 23 ).XW3E1X2)3 4.@5)5E1X@ 35X 5.64X4E1X 4X3 3.)X6E1X@ 23X ).X55E1X26X 4.4552E1X@ 353 3.)WXXE1X 4)X 3.)542E1X@ 233 ).)XX4E1X263 4.2WW3E1X@ 34X W.@3)4E1X 4)3 3.636@E1X@ 25X ).)W53E1X2WX ).5W)WE1X4 343 6.25@5E1X 46X 3.WW)6E1X@ 253 ).)454E1X2

W3 6.32W4E1X4 32X ).@XE1X 463 3.X3E1X@ 24X ).66XIE1X2X ).6324E1X5 323 ).66@)E1X 4WX 3.323E1X@ 243 ).6522E1X23 W.W@32E1X5 3@X 4.X@4)E1X3 4W3 3.46E1X@ 22X ).W63E1X23X 5.6254E1X5 3@3 W.4X)WE1X3 4X 3.W525E1X@ 223 ).W@3WE1X233 ).W465E1X3 5XX ).4W)6E1X3 43 3.624)E1X@ 2@X ).4X4E1X25X 6.3@4E1X@ 5X3 5.554)E1X5 43X 3.W224E1X@ 2@3 ).34E1X253 .5X34E1X3 5)X 6.E1X5 433 3.5@62E1X@ @XX ).56WXE1X24X 4.3WXE1X3 5)3 5.4346E1X4 45X 5.X3W4E1X@ @X3 ).5@45E1X243 ).)@WXE1X 56X 6.6WW)E1X4 453 5.W3W5E1X@ @)X ).44)3E1X22X ).423E1X 563 .2WXE1X@ 44X 5.5X)4E1X@ @)3 ).252E1X223 6.W)XE1X 5WX .2X3)E1X@ 443 5.2)X6E1X@ @6X ).@W36E1X2

@X W.6)26E1X 5W3 .4@X5E1X@ 42X 4.X)45E1X@ @63 6.XW4E1X2@3 .X244E1X 5X .426)E1X@ 423 4.6)44E1X@ @WX 6.)4XE1X23XX .@2@E1X 53 .4@XWE1X@ 4@X 4.63WE1X@3X3 3.24WE1X 53X .4@6WE1X@ 4@3 4.54@E1X@3)X 5.4@W2E1X 533 .4@2E1X@ 2XX 4.2424E1X@

&@< h-2< #C?>BHQk iQlHk @H?> C 03g3 \[oY2

0I `L;


66/108

MIL-STD-3009

&!d(f%"!% 5

()(#"(',"!% $&%)(',"!. (#'%$!$%d4"(

()(&/(',"!{ ()(&/(',"!{ d, !"$%&4%&#('%#$!( # #!#$%(. "("(( '!/%"!

N:IS

()(&%"!%

,B+? >F-,O=H.

&!%"!*% /(%"$**F. *89>= ? >-O \=9-= *.

()(#"(',"!% /d /,""(( /(%"$,

*+,-,+ MI01STD1WXX@ ;9,O== MI010123456A.J,+Q ;=9-= ;F+ ;9[Y?,+9F V+K >,> 789= GF=?,-8 +7?,-= = B+ -= Y-,B,+. ASC/ENC @51X6 789?F--8F >K +B+, +,?9--K erd'nand Reetz IIIi+9-= ^,>+=B>=P LL* -+, ,Y,7+>= ,?=,O=--8P =+F L*Zarm'nsterZ A )2@413XXX. \-=F, F=++F Uo'nt Aerona%t'cal Commanders Tr'1Serv'ce Comm'ttee ?F+- 9 ?F+=F+= =+F8 +B- +,>=F 7,YFZ >,> -=789= ;9-8 ? MI0101 23456Z - 79[=-+? >-+O== 789= -+8. J,+Q=H +,-,+ 789 ,Y,7+,- 9 +?++?==>+=? erryZ >+, K,-=B=?,+ \,?=+9[+?--8 ,K-++?, ? 89>,P -,;7-8 +7?,-= > >-+O==.


67/108

L ?F ,Y,7+>= MI010123456 789 ;?- F-K 9,7,+-8P = 9+-8P=;8+,-=H 9 ;9-= ?F+=F+= =+F8 ?Q-= =+FH N{IS.^,> 789= ,Y,7+,-8 ,9[- =;8+,+9[- 79[>< ?F+=F+[ =+FH N{IS?9+ +9[>< ;B+= >,8H ,F9+Z+F 79 ?--8HZ 9- 7+8H =F+ 3X• +B>< ;,B= -, ;=79=Y=+9[- 553 nanometersnm ? ;+=?;9-+[ > 563 nm 3X• +B>Z 78B- =;9[Y ?F+=F+= N{IS +,>=F 7,YFZ>,> -= 789= ;9-8 ? MI010123456Z - F-K= >-+O== ? B,+= ?--8P ;=F--=H = +,-,+? 789= +=? erryZ >+,Y,;Q,+ ;,?=+9[+?--8F K,-=Y,O=F 89,+[ -, >-+,>+,P. i- =+ +,> -?8+7?,-=Z ;9Q= ’;;,Q=H Y9-8H“ G=9[+ = ,Y9=B-8 +=;8?F+=FK -, @@Q N:IS

*=+F, N{IS ;+,?9+ 7H ;,=?-8Z F-+==F= +,F=ZBY?8B,H- B


68/108

GG-H =+F. \>9[>< =+F, N{IS


69/108

MIL-STD-3009APPENDIz

O T I L I G I N G

S T E R A L D I S R I B U I O N

N V I S

S T E R A L

S E N S I IV I Y

I N I I E

R O S S O V E R

5 5 5 6 0 0

]9=-, ?9-8 , N A N O E E R S

9 0 0


70/108

&@< -2< HOC?>BH? @l? ?@C>H @C?>BH J>KH@ijH @i@ @ N:IS

ˆ,,>+=+=>= >+= = ;>+, 78B-K ?Q-= ,F9+, Y,+,?9+,>+=?=?,+[ ,?+F,+=B>9B,9= ? 7 ;>+- ?Q-=Z ?-- ?Q-= 9=O?H;,-9= = ?+-- ?Q-= ;+?F =;9[Y?,-= +G =9 [+ ? ,- -8 P 9 ,F ; - , > , 9= ?, -= = +G =9 [+ ? ,- -8 PV9 > + 9 F = - O - + - 8 P E0 9 , F ; . ]9 ?+?8P ;,-9H +8 ;=Y?=+9= ,Y,7+,9= =-=>,+8 =

=;9=Z ?F+=F8 =+FH N{IS = B=+,F8 ;= -?-F ?Q-==.*?F+=F8 =+FH N{IS >F;--+8 ?Q-= +,7=-8 ?F+=F8F =+FH N{IS“Z = ;=Y?=+9[ +,?,9 =- -,=- ?=F= +8;=Y?=+9= 789= 79 +8 Y,?9+ >,> ?F+=F8 =+FH N{ISZ - +?B,+ +7?,-=F MI010123456 =9= V+K +,-,+,.

\>9[>< +7?,9 +,-,+-8 ;7 ;9-= = =YF-=?F+=F+= =+FH N{ISZ ? ,;9 )@2W K, 789= ?89-8 +?, 9-,B,9, ,7+8 ; +,-,+< ?Q-=. _+, ,7+, ;=?9, > ,Y,7+> MI010123456 = MI010123456A. _+= ;O=G=>,O== ;9+ +7?,-= = F+=><;?>= = =;8+,-=H >F;--+? ?Q-=Z ?F+=F8P =+FH N{IS.

# g ()#f/%"!%


# g


71/108

?Q-= >,7=-8. J, =. W ;+,?9-8 V+= ?Y,=FH+?=. \=,Y,7+> =+F8 ?Q-=Z ?F+=FH N{ISZ -7P=F +,7=--K ?Q-=.

OUSIDE SENE

NIGRADIANE

OTI

LIGING

DISTLAY

STERAL

RADIANE

NVG

OBXEIVE

LENS

INUS

BLUE

ILER

STERAL

RANS

ISSION

NVIS TOO

AODE

STERAL

SENSIIVIY

NVIS

TOSTOR

SREEN

STERAL

LUINANE

NVG

OBINER

RANSISSION

AND

RELEANE

TOOTI

EYE

LUINOUS

EIIENY

&@ -3< !Hk@Q N:IS

J, ,--F V+,; ,Y,7+>= MI010123456 789 ;=-+ -= -,;=,+[;O=G=>,O=Z >+K, +7 ?++P-=B>=F +?,FZ ?F+=F8F =+FH N{ISZ BF 89,+[ -,+9[-8 ,Y98 7QH ;O=G=>,O== ; =+F,F ?Q-= ,F9+,. ˆ+MI010123456 +,9 ;B+= ,F++9[-H ;O=G=>,O=H ;?++P-=B>=F +?,FZ ;;8+>, ,Y,7+,+[ = -,;=,+[ ;O=G=>,O=; ?++P-=B>F< 7,O==Z >+, ;Y?9=+ ;9+[?F+=F+[ =+FH N{ISZ - - =+ ? +> 9+?=Z F-K= =Y +7?,-=HZ ,Q= ? MI010123456789= =-+=B-8 +7?,-=F 79 +,8P ;O=G=>,O=HZ +,>=P >,> MI0101)2645 =;9[Y+ ,7+H=+F8 N{IS =9= ;=-+H ;,>+=>H.


72/108

\>9[>< MI010 23456 789, -,;=,-, >,> ;O=G=>,O= 9 +P ? ?H>Z7 MI0101)2645 = MI010153XW =;9[Y?,9=[ >,> 7,Y?8 >Z ?->+8P 9,O== ?+-G9=>+ +8 ,9=[ ?F+-8F >F,-?,-=F +P ? ?H> Uo'nt

Aerona%t'cal Commanders ro%p UAC. ƒ9-8 V+H K,-=Y,O== 7=9= ?+7?,-=Z ,Q= ? MI010123456.

ASC/ENC @51X) 789 -,;=,- ? )@@5 9 +?++?= ,Y,-=F=>+=?8 erryZ >+, +> K,-=B=?,+ ;O=G=>,O= >-++=?-8P+7?,-=H ? \,?=+9[+?--8P >-+,>+,P. _++ +,-,+ 789 ;?,- 9Y,F-8 +,-,+, ENC1@51X). ]= =YF--= ;=?9= > K,-=B-= 89> -, ;,?=+9[+?--8 >-+,>+,P. |9[=-+?<;K,FF Y,;Q- 89,+[ -, MI010123456A >,> -, >-+,>+- +7?,-=;>9[>< - - +?++?+=?,F=. |89 - ,Y,7+,+[>+8H 7 ?Y,=FH+?= F< =+FHN{IS = ?++P-=B>=F= +?,F= ,F9+,. J,+Q=H +,-,+ 789-,;=,-Z B+78 = 7=+7?,-=H ;=Y?=+9= ?++P-=B>K 7,> = ,Y98 ?MI01STD1WXX@. i-= - ;?++ +7?,-=Z B=+,+9 -7P=F ,FF<7,+=+[ > -?-H B,+= +,-,+, Y, ;9-=F +7?,-=H. ],--;=9-= - ?9+ ;;8+>H 7-=+[ 7-?,-= +7?,-=HZ,Q=P ? =P-8P ;O=G=>,O=P ; ?++P-=B>=F +?,F =?Q-=Z >+8 789= ;+?--=>,F= MI010123456A.

# g?@@?O

^7?,-= > ?++P-=B>=F +?,F ; MI01STD1WXX@ ,Y7=+8 -, ^=;8 =

`9,8Z B+78 ,+[ ;9[Y?,+9 ?YF-+[ ;9=+[ +=; = >9,?++P-=B>K 7< +7?,-= > ?++P-=B>F<79,,. \?, ,>O= MI010123456 +9[> 7,Q,9,[ > ^=;< IZ Class AZ N{IS( >


73/108


T y pe I : `F;--+8 ?++P-=B>=P +? ^=;, I Type I V+ +,>=>F;--+8Z >+8 ?F+=F8 =+FH D'rect {'ew ImaeN{IS ;FK ?=-= =Y7,-= . D'rect {'ew Imae N{IS;9+ >,> 97, =+F, N{ISZ =;9[Y+8H ;O= = P + ? ` 9 , ,

Class A V+ >F;--+8Z ?F+=F8 N{ISZ =;9[Y B


74/108

’< “? Y9-H B,+= ;>+,.

\gkƒJgk: MI010123456" 7,+=9 > V+F< ?;<;9=? F=-=F,9[- +7?,-= NR 9 q#DsZ -K9K,G=B>= q#Ds - +?++?


75/108


\;=-=F,+ 9B,+ ? ;9-==;-+= ’?F+=F“. i-= B=+,+Z B+ ’?F+=F“ Y-,B,+Z B+ KF-


76/108


10080

50

20

80Z

50Z

AVERAGE 90Z

85Z

10

8

5ABSOLUE ABSOLUE INIU

2

1.0

AIU

.8

.5 0.5Z

0.25Z

.2450550/# 0.5Z A. ABS.

0.25Z AVG.

0.1

.08

.05

.02

AVERAGE 600/#

625655/#

655705/#

7051000/#

5Z A. ABS.

50Z SALL BE BEWEENESE WO WAVELENGS

50Z IN. ABS.

80Z AVG.

85Z IN. ABS.90Z AVG.

0.01

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

[F>: K@F> ,/#

&@ -g< $=i?H @C?>BH CC@?H > =|iHQl >HJVa]] A N:IS


77/108


10080

50

20

80Z

50Z

AVERAGE 90Z

85Z

108

5

2

1.0

.8

.5

.2

ABSOLUE

AIU

ABSOLUE INIU

450585/# 0.05Z A. ABS.

0.1

.08

.05

.02

0.01

0.05Z

635/#

653671/#

671725/#

725950/#

5Z A. ABS.

50Z US BE BEWEENESE WO WAVELENGS

50Z IN. ABS.

80Z AVG.

85Z IN. ABS.

90Z AVG.

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

WAVELENG ,/#

&@ -5< $=i?H @C?>BH CC@?H > =|iHQl >HJVa]] h N:IS


78/108

10080 85Z


AVERAGE 90Z

85Z

50 50Z

20

108

5

2

1.0

.8

.5

ABSOLUE

AIU

ABSOLUE INIU

450520/# 0.05Z A. ABS.

540550/# 2.0Z A. ABS.

565585/# 0.05Z A. ABS.545/# 0.5Z IN ABS

.2

0.1

.08

.05

.02

0.05Z635/#

653671/#

671725/#

725950/#

5Z A. ABS.

50Z US BE BEWEENESE WO WAVELENGS

50Z IN. ABS.

85Z AVG.

85Z IN. ABS.

90Z AVG.

0.01

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

[F>: K@F> ,/#

&@ -6< $=i?H @C?>BH CC@?H > =|iHQl >HJ Va]] N:IS


79/108


# 5< $&%)(',"!

# 5BH@ N:IS=. *1) ;+,?9+ P,,>+=+=>= B


80/108

\= Y,> >F;--+? ?++P-=B>K 7H;O=G=>,O==Z ?87 >F;--+? ?+=+9[-8P +? +,+ Y,;B=>F.


# 5Hi @i

,F;8 ?Q-= ,9-? = +>? 9-8 78+[ V>,-=?,-8 =9= ,;9-8+,>=F 7,YFZ B+78 =P - 789 ?=- ?--H +-8 ,F9+,. J7P=F;9=+[ =Z >+8 9-8 78+[ ?Q-8 9,F;,F=.

# 5= ,?,=H-8P ?8P?Z >+8 ,>+=?=+=?==Z 9-8 78+[ ?F+=F8F= =+FH N{IS. 78 K-= =?+=9[-=>=Z >+8 ,>+=?== ??F ,?,=H-H =+=;,Z =;9[Y= ;,,+=+? 789= >=?,-8; GF. `K, ?+?8 =K-,98 ;F,+=?,+ BY =+F< N{ISZ + +,F+?HGF8Z + ;,+Z ,7+,Q=H =+FH N{IS - ;7- ,Y9=B=+[ F<=K-,9? ’?87>, “ = =K-,9F ’-+ ?87>=“. `=?>, ; GF ;Y?9=+

;,+,F F++[ -, ?+?8 =K-,98 ?87>= BY =+F< N{IS =;9+[Z >K, 7, ;,,+=+?“. *?+?8=K-,98 9-8 78+[ +,> >=?,-8 ; O?+< 9 ;?8-= ,Y9=B=F+=;= ?;=+== =-GF,O== -?= 9-8 78+[?F+=F8F= =+FH -B-K ?=-= N{IS. *=+F, N{IS F+=;9[Y?,+[Z >K, +P-=B> 79Z =;9[Y?,-= ?++P-=B>K 7-+9Z ?F+=FK =+FH N{ISZ 9,+ ,F9+

F- < ,Y-- =Y9


81/108

# 59B- ? MI010123456 = ENC1@51X)Z - 789 =>9B- =Y-,+QK +,-,+,. 7B=+,F+[ ;= -?-F ?Q-== ?9++7?,-=F 9 97K 7-+,>+< l'ht Dynam'cs 0a&oratoryZ A'r orce r'ht

Aerona%t'cal 0a&orator'esZ-, 7,Y LL* r'ht1atterson. ^7?,-=Z ,Q=? V+=P ;,,K,G,PZ -?,-8 -, 79[F >9=B+? -,+F "%rnetteZ = ,O=P = -, ;8+ V>;9,O==Z Y,+,K=?,QH ?;8 ?++P-=B>K7,O==

-,;=F.Z MI0101)2645 ,9= +7?,-= > B=+8?,F+=;>9B,Q=P =-=>,+? = ,+ ,79+- 9K=B-8FZ B+78 +,>= +7?,-= 789= ? +,-,+ MI010123456. i-,>Z ? + ?F - 789 ?--8P ;O=G=>,O=HZ P?,+8?,Q=P+;+=B>=P =;9? ;= -?-F ?Q-==. ƒ9-8UAC Y-,9=Z B+ -= ,F++[ +7?,-= > B=+8?,F+=V9>+;+=B>=P =;9? ;= -?-F ?+ ? +,-,+ MI010123456 79[>< ;O=,9=+8 ; 7QF< K9,= ; ?;,>=F= 9-8 78+[ V+=+7?,-= = ;OZ 789 -Z B+ ?>9B=+[ ?; ?+,-,+ MI010123456 7, ;=,9= +,-,+ MI010123456 B-[ ;P +7?,-= 789?>9B- LL* ? >


82/108

78B- =-=>,+ 7+8 -,P+ ? >,7=- ? F+,PZ >,9[-+,-= 9-B-K ?+,. ^7?,-= ?Y+8 -;+?-- =Y MI01S1W2XW@.

#CK@l @C>i C HiH @ijH

^7?,-= > >-+,+-+= = >+= V9>+--8P = V9>+;+=B>=P=;9? 7Y8?,+ -,9=B= >F7=-=?,--8P ,- =;9 = Y>,9[-K+,-= 9;9QK =+B-=>, ?+, >+[ 52XX cd/m

66XXX f0.

_9>+--19+--8F= =V9>+;+=B>=F= +7?,-=’F=-=F,9[-K +9=B= >+=“ m'n'm%m l%m'nance d'fferenceZ >+ ?-?-F +7+[ ;9-=+9[- > +?++?-+,+,7=-8 ,F9+, =9= + 9+-K >+F,;=9+, =9= + 9F,.


83/108

&?@CJH?i?@B K?@B C@iKi?QliJ?>BHQl @H?>i C HiH @i<

L Y,?==F+= + ,;9-= =K-,9, ? >,7=- +[ ?, ?YF-8P+7?,-= 9 ;?B=?,F8P ?=Y,9[-+,,FF 9-B-F ?+ >K, -,P=+ ; ;F8F 9-B-8F ?+FZ - = ,;9- +,>=F 7,YFZ B+

;,+ ?==+ Y>,9[- +,-= >K 7>+,Z +,>K >,> 79 79,> ?9-B-F ?+Z 79+Q=H 7>+ ? >,7=- =9= ,F 9-O. ^7?,-=Z,Q= ? MI010123456A = AS{/ENC @51X)Z -?,-8 -, +7?,-=P+,-,+, MI01S166223Z >+8 +,=O=-- ;=F-+ > ;>9B,+9F ==-=>,+,FZ ,9[-+,-= -7,. ^7-+,+-+[ >,Q,+ XZ XZ5 ?+?++?== +7?,-=F= MI01S166223 =Y1Y, ?YH +H >-+,+-+= -, ;+F,7=- +,FZ K -?YF- =9= F,9?+- ;FY>,9[- +--= 9-O,. ̂ 7?,-= ?Y+8 -,;FHHQl p>HH-CK@l @C>i<

^7?,-= > >-+,+-+= = >+= V9>+--8P = V9>+--1;+=B>=P=;9? +7 ,--8H ?+ ?8,B, )X2ZXXX 9>? )XZXXX fc -, =;9H-F =G+Z +,> = Y>,9[- +,-= =+B-=>, 79=>? >+[ 52XX >/F

66XXX G>=+,99=B>= =;9= B=+,+V9>+--8F= = V9>+--1;+=B>=F= =;9F=. * ’F=-=F,9[-F< >+-F< ,Y9=B=“Z ? +?++?== >+8F78B- +7=F,9[-+[ ;= +=-==+?++?-+,+-+=.

`F7=-=?,--, , ,--8F = Y>,9[-8F +,-=F ;-,Y-,B-,9 +B-H =F=+,O== ,7=- =+7=+9 ; ;F8F9-B-8F ?+F. _+ 79 9- =;8+,-= ; ,?--= Y>,9[-8F =9=,--8F +,-=F ; +9[-+= >+8 7F;9>- =;8+,-= -7P=F 9 79 +B-H =F=+,O== ,9[-8P;9=F 7,YFZ ? =Y7,-= -+,+B-8P=9= =Y78+B-8P K,-=B-=H ;= ;>+=?,-== K+Q=P V9>+--8P=;9?. ^7?,-= > ,--F< ?Q-= )X2ZXXX 9>? )XZXXX G,-9 ?;=Y?=+ 9-B-8H ?+ + )WXZXXX 9>? )6ZXXX )5XZXXX9>? )3ZXXX G,-9 ?Q--+[ 9-B-8F ?+F Y, ;9,F=


84/108

,F9+, -, 79[H ?8+Z ;PQ=H BY Y,Q=+-8H V>,- >,7=-8,F9+, >VGG=O=-+ ;;,-= 78B- + 2X @X ;O-+? = ;,,Q=H-, =;9H ->9[> ?- =. g+B-=> 79=>? 52XX >,-9/F6 6XXX GVGG=O=-+ 9-B-K +,-= + ?-,7=-8 =9= + 9+-H GF8 =9= 9F, ;=9+,.

H?>BHQ =i?H H?@H@<

^7?,-= > >-+,+-+=Z ,--8 ? ^|gk II > +7?,-= ;?8--H >-+,+-+= 9 +=P?8P=F?9? ; +--= > B-F >-+,+-+= -?,-8 -, +7?,-=P > F-PF-8F< -= B,+=B- Y,Q=Q-8 >8H= Y,Q=+-8F V>,-F. \=F ?9+?YF-+[ O?+?H >-+,+-+= ? ;9--= > >+-H.

CH@?OHHQ Hm><

`F;-,O=--8 F-=+9= ? ^|gk II ;9+ ;;O=-,9[-


85/108


H?>BH @H ?J>K<

^7?,-= > F=-=F,9[-F< >+-F< ,Y9=B= ;-,Y-,B- 9;9-= ,,;+,O== K9,Y, = ;79FZ ?Y,--8P ?+8 FK- >K ?+, Y,;9,F= >,7=-8. ,;+,O= K9,Y, F+ K,-=B=?,+[ ,7B=

P,,>+=+=>= =;9Z >K, ;=9+ 9- 78+ ;?+= ?YK9 ?--K 9,-,G+, -,;=F 79,>, >+[ WXXX >/F6 )XXXX G=H ?+(+,>, =+,+Z >K, ;=9+ 9+=+ ? -,;,?9-== Y,P, =9= ?P,9-O, = ;8+,+ F++[ -, =;9H ? >,7=-.

g;9[Y+[ ;-=--, >+[;-=--, >+[

],-- ;9-= V>?=?,9-+- ;9-= "61")/&)Z ;=?--F< ?->9[>=P Z ? V+F >F7=-=?,--8P )XXXX G,-9 = =+B-=>, Y>,9[-K+,-= 52XX >/F6 6XXX G= = 79 ,9=+=B-8?--= )XXXXG,-9“Z =;9[Y,O=P -, 7,7=-8=+7=+9. i7,+=+ ?-=F,-=Z B+ ,-- ;9-= >-+,+-+= ,+Y-,B-= F-[= -, )ZXZ BF ;9-= ’>VGG=O=-+, >-+,+-+=“Z=;9[Y+8P ;O=G=>,O=P.

^,> +7-+,+-+= -;?B--K KF-+, -, K G-C%l. ‹-,B-= C%l ?,-Z >K, -7P=FZ B+78 -,;=[ 789, -?==F, ??8>9B--F +-==. L7QZ ;= Y-,B-=P C%l F- XZ) -;?B--8KF-+8 =9= ,Y,+9= - ?==F8. ‹-,B-= XZ63 ;=F9F -, =-=>,+,PZ>+8 78B- +=K,+ -,F-K 79 ?8>H >-+,+-+= ? ?>9B--F+-==. \?8-- Y-,B-= C%l 79 ;,+,PZ K -;?B--8 V9F-+8 ;+,?9+ 7H;+--8 -=YF--8 =Y7,-= -,;=FZ 2 =9= F,=? ,+?8P +B>Z>+8 - ;+,?9+ 9-+8P =-=>,+?+,>=P >,> _^ C%l ?K, -9[.

'%$"(#$4

@lmH =i?Hk OiH@<

?+-+[ V+ ;=PG=Y=B>=H +F=-Z ;=8?,Q=H >,B+?, O?+,Z ?Y,--8 ;9-=F O?+, ? ;>+ = -,8Q--+[. ?+-+[ ;9+ ;FQ[ ,?->-+,+-K O?+?K K,G=>, )@45 #CSZ ? >+H O?+;=8?,+ ;;O=F= O?+-K ?+,Z >+8 ;=


86/108

#CS 789 ?87,- ?F+ F, ì )@W) CIEZ ;>9[>< ?-F ;+,?9- +-=+9[- ,?->-+,+- O?+? ;+,-+?Z = K,?-8 ,+-= -, K,G=> ;+,?9+ 7H ,?-8 O?+,Y9=B-=.

\?8 ;>+8 MI010123456 ,9= +7?,-= > O?+-+=Z >+8;99=[ >9+>H -, K,G=> ì. i-H =Y O9H 9 ;9-=O?+-+= 7QK ;?+, ,7BK F+, V>=;,, 9- 789 78+[7;B-= --K ?--K ?=, ?P =+B-=>? ?+, ? >,7=-Z-,>9[> V+ ?YF-. i-?-H ;=B=-H 9 V+K ?9+ ;+?,Q-=

--,F--K +?9B-= ?-=F,-= =Y1Y, ,Y9=B=H ? O?+-+=. i-,>Z?--= >, >9+>= -, K,G=>, ì - ;+,?9+ 7H ,?->-+,+-8O?+?8 ,Y9=B=Z ;>9[>< O?+? ,Y9=B= ; -H =,K-,9= +9=B,++ O?+?K ,Y9=B= ; 1,F, -, K,G=> ì. _99=;8=7> ,>1,F, ;+,?9+ 7H 79,+= ,?->-+,+-8P O?+?8P,Y9=B=H5. i-,>Z ;=,-= = ;-=F,-= V99=;, -, K,G=> ìY,+9[>< V99=;,F,>1,F, -, K,G=> ì( 79 +KZ > ;=,+[.

ƒ9?B>=H K9,Y -,=79 B


87/108

?+-+[Z B+ ->+8 >F;--+8 7F;--+,F= ;?+,.`F +KZ 789= ,F+-8 ,Y9=B-8 ?=8 +P-9K=HZ +F;--+? ;?+,Z ?F+=F8P =+FH -B-K ?=-=Z +FZ B+78 +P-9K== - =>9B,9=[ +9[> ; ;=B=- O?+,. L ,9[-HF;O ;=-+= -= >,> B9-8 UAC - FK9=>9=B+?-- ;9=+[ ,7=-.


88/108


B=+8?, ?8>,Y,--Z ‹9-8H 9 =+F8 -B-K ?=-= 789-,Y-,B- -?-8F O?+F 9 ;?+, ,7BK F+, V>=;,,. i-,>Z;+,?=+9= ;=Y?=+9H +F+=9=Z B+ ?+=K-,9=Y,+8Z >+8789= 78 O?+, Y9-8H 9 =+F8 -B-K ?=-= = B=+,F8 ;= -?-F?+Z 7F;--+,P ;?+,Z >+8 FK, O?+, 79 =>K =,;,Y-,Z >+8H 9,9 78?YF-8F O?+? Y-=Z ;>9[>< -= ‹9-8H Z -= L 9 =+F8 -B-K?=-= - ,+ +,+B- >,-K =9= =-K 9 O?+?K Y-=. \P >

F- -,8Q--H 79,+= 79K O?+, 9 =+F8 -B-K ?=-= ;Y?9+?=+[ 7>+8Z +,>= >,> K9,-8 K= -, >,+Z ? =P -,+QFO?+ ?F+ +F- KZ >,> ;=P=9 ;= Y9-F ?Q-== 9 =+F8-B-K ?=-=. ?+ 789 ;9- ? 79,+= ; -,;,?9-= > Y9-F< +=+=--K 79K = B-[ 79[=F= ;9--=F= 9 ,Y,7+,+[ =+B-=> ?+, 79[=F =,;,Y-FZ?F+=F8H =+FH -B-K ?=-=.

\? ;9-= |9K 9 =+F8 -B-K ?=-= 789Y,>= F>H ,?=,O== + )3 F,+,)@22. L ;=[FZ >+ -?8?,9[ -, =;8+,-=P G=9[+? =F;+8 =;9[Y?,9=[ V>=;,F 9 B+-= >,+Z >F-?,9=[ >=-,+8%ŽXZ)2XZ vŽXZ3XXZ rŽXZX33. ],--8H >9B,+ O?+,Z>+8 - ?9+ =+=-- ’798F=“Z ? H+?=+9[-+= ?>9B, O?+,Z;9F8 >,> ’Y9-8H“ = ’9+8H“ -, K,G=> #CS. LYF-Z 79;,?=9[-8F -,Y?,-=F 789 78 ’79 798HZ BF Y9-8H“. gY1Y, 79[K>9=B+?, O?+?Z ;,F8P V+=F ;9-=FZ ? ;>+,P =;9[Y?,9=[;F-+?, V+H 79,+=. J,;=FZ ;= F-=Y,O== 1)5 J,O=-,9[-HK?,== LL* =;9[Y,> ;?+ 9,F;8. \+,?Q=>= +,>,Y,7+,9= G=9[+Z >+8H ;;,,+ ? ;98 -=-H 9?H B+?+=Z B+9- 7;B=+[ 79 P


89/108

F+ -,9=+[ -?8;9-=F8 K,-=B-= -, ;>+=?,-= 9[>< G=9[+,O= >,-K = =-G,>,-, B,+[ ;>+, 97;B-= ?F+=F+= ; Z +,> B+ K, -=;?B-8Z 9 7;B-= >+= XZWW >/F6 XZ) G+F ?8;9-+ O?+?8 +7?,-=Z +,> B+78,Y9=B-8 ;=Y?=+9= ,?-=?,9= O?+?8 =YF-= -, =-H -?.

J>+8 >F;--+8 ;?+, ? B,+-+=Z >F;--+8 -,>,9=?,-= =YF-+O?+ ;= =YF--== >+=. ?-[ >+= XZWW >/F6 XZ) G,Y,9=Z B+ ;= --== B>?-B-K ?=-= ;=9+8 78B- =;9[Y/F6 XZ) G


90/108


iH@B @ijH =j H?JH?KH @ijH ?=Kk JHQ JHQCi @ijH @?<^7= = +>, 789 +?++?9B--F +-== = >+[ XZWW >/F6 XZ) G9[><?Q-= 7QK -,Y-,B-=Z ,7BH Y-8 = Y-8 ;?>= F+;FQ,+[ ; ,F9+F ?Q-= = 79,+[Z>+, 9-, 78+[ ?Q-,Z Y-,B=+9[- ?,[=F ?Q-=7QK -,Y-,B-= = +,-,+-8F +,,+9F Y,G=>=?,- ,+-= XZW F)6 HF? ;= ;9-== O?+-+=. i-,>Z ?Q-= +>, 78B-,YFQ,+ ? ;9--F G=>=?,--F F+ ? ,F9+. \V+F<>F;--+8 ?Q-= +>, 9-8 ,YFQ,+[ -, +F ,+-== ++,,+9Z -, >+F - 7+F;--+?FK+F - 7+--8P = V9>+--1;+=B>=P =-=>,+? - ,Y8?,+Z +,> >,> 9 ,Y-8P ;=9-=H FKBHk H?OHHk ?i?kHk OH?>BHk CC>BHk @i@H?>J?O<

\>9[>< =+F8 -B-K ?=-= `9,, >,H- B


91/108

`,> 7,+Z >+8H - ?9=+ -, =+F< -B-K ?=-= `9,, .\V+F< >9=B+? 9+K O?+, ? >,7=- 9- 78+[ ?- > F=-=F+?. L ;?8PZ ? +?++?== MI01STD1))ZO-+,9[-8 ;,+8 = ,?,=H-8 =-=>,+8 9-8=F+[ >+[ 3)Z3 >/F6 )3 G,-9 ? -B- ?F. L1?+8PZ >9=B+?>,-K ? 9+F O?+ 9- 78+[ K,-=B-Z +,> B+78 9+8 =-=>,+8- >,Y,9= -K,+=?- ?9=-= -, -, ,7B= P,,>+=+=>= =+F8 -B-K

?=-=. B=+8?, V+= G,>+8 = ;9 =Y,7=- F+ =;9[Y?,+[ K,-=B-- >9=B+? >,-K. `,-8H 9=+F8 -B-K ?=-= 789 ?87,- -, -? V>;=F-+?Z ? ?F >+8P6X =;8++8H -= 78 -,Y?,9= ’>,-8F“ ;,?--= 9+8F 9 =+F8 -B-K ?=-=@. ?+ 789 ;=79=- > ,-?F9[> ?YF-Z B+78 9,+[ >,-8 =-=>,+8?F+=F8F= =+FH -B-K ?=-=Z -,>9[> ?YF-. \ ,?--=

9+8F 9 =+F8 -B-K ?=-=Z >,-8H 9 =+F8 -B-K ?=-==F+ -+,+>Z ;>9[>< - - -,+9[> >=H ;= -?-F ?+. €9,?-8F7,YFZ V+ ?Y,- +FZ B+ G=9[+,O=Z -7P=F, 9 ?F+=F+==-=>,+, =+FH -B-K ?=-=Z >,Q,+ 7Q+[ =-=>,+,.\>9[>+8 ;=Y?=+9= Z ?YF-Z - Y,P++ ;+??,+[B=+,F+[ ;= -?-F ?+ ,= >,-K O?+,Z >,-8H 9 =+F8-B-K ?=-= 789 +,?9- ? ;O=G=>,O== ? >,B+? ;O=-,9[-K O?+,.ˆ+ V+ - ,Y- >


92/108

# 7 SPETRAL RADIANE LIMITS

ha\wrWu[ W` ]^e\ZraV ra[_a\e V_Y_Z]<

To &e compat'&le w'th N{ISZ the spectral rad'ance o%tp%t of a l'ht'n component m%st&e m'n'm'zed 'n the N{IS1sens't've port'on of the electromanet'c spectr%m. D%r'n thedevelopment of the doc%mentZ a n%m&er of methods were cons'dered that co%ld &e

%sed to def'ne and meas%re N{IS1compat'&'l'ty. The re%'rements 'n MI010123456Aand ASC/ENC @51X) evolved from early attempts to def'ne N{IS compat'&'l'ty. Inorder to help epla'n how the present re%'rements were der'vedZ some of thealternat've methods w'll &e descr'&ed.

$ne method %sed ass%med that a l'ht'n component was N{IS1compat'&le as lon as't d'd not act'vate the AC of the N{IS. Theoret'callyZ th's approach 's %'te val'd&eca%seZ %nless the AC 's act'vatedZ the N{IS 's worb'n at ma'm%m a'n ando&ects o%ts'de the cocbp't w'll appear as &r'ht as poss'&le.

"ased on th's prem'seZ an attempt was made to %se an 'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&e to v'ew al'ht'n component and then determ'ne whether or not the t%&e was 'n AC operat'on.The opt'm%m way to determ'ne 'f an 'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&e 's 'n AC 's to meas%re thet%&e c%rrent. Th's re%'res that the t%&e &e torn down to a'n access to the appropr'atec'rc%'t. "efore proceed'n any f%rtherZ val'dat'on of the concept was attempted &ymeas%r'n the 'mae t%&e screen o%tp%t &r'htness when loob'n at a l'ht'ncomponent. The level of o%tp%t &r'htness can &e %sed as an 'nd'cat'on that the t%&e 's'n AC &eca%se when the t%&e 's 'n AC an 'ncrease 'n 'np%t &r'htness w'll notprod%ce a proport'onal 'ncrease 'n o%tp%t &r'htness. Th's proced%re 's not %'te asacc%rate as meas%r'n the t%&e c%rrentZ &%t 't 's a s'mpler method to %se.

qoweverZ the po'nt at wh'ch the N{IS AC 's act'vated was fo%nd to &e dependent onmany var'a&les. The AC mon'tors the 'mae t%&e c%rrent and acts to red%ce the


93/108


voltaes wh'ch red%ces the a'n w'th'n the t%&e to beep the c%rrent from eceed'n acerta'n level. The amo%nt of c%rrent that 's prod%ced w'th'n the 'mae t%&e depends onthe spectral sens't'v'ty of the 'mae t%&e photocathode wh'ch var'es amon 'maet%&esZ the spectral d'str'&%t'on and 'ntens'ty of the 'mae &e'n v'ewedZ and thepercentae of the 'mae t%&e f'eld of v'ew ${ that 's 'll%m'nated. A small l'ht'n

component that em'ts a relat'vely lare amo%nt of enery 'n the N{IS1sens't've port'onof the electromanet'c spectr%m can prod%ce a lower t%&e c%rrent and th%s notact'vate the AC than a lare l'ht'n component that em'ts a relat'vely small amo%ntof enery 'n the N{IS1sens't've port'on of the electromanet'c spectr%m. If the f'rst1descr'&ed component were to &e %sed 'n lare n%m&ers 'n the cocbp'tZ 't m'ht &e%naccepta&le. S'nce MI010123456A was wr'tten to &e a eneral spec'f'cat'on that can&e %sed for a n%m&er of d'fferent a'rcraftZ ass'nment of a n%m&er to the percentae of the cocbp't that co%ld &e 'll%m'nated 's 'mposs'&le. AlsoZ s'nce N{IS sens't'v'ty var'esfrom system to systemZ N{IS cannot &e %sed to checb for compat'&'l'ty &eca%seZaltho%h a l'ht'n component may &e compat'&le w'th one systemZ 't may not &ecompat'&le w'th a system w'th h'her sens't'v'ty wh'ch can vary &y as m%ch as 3X•

&etween systems. All of these var'o%s factors wh'ch 'n some cases are %nbnownsled the UAC mem&ers to concl%de that %s'n an 'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&e to checb for N{IS1compat'&'l'ty was %naccepta&le.

At the t'me that MI010123456 was &e'n wr'ttenZ a n%m&er of people were %s'n whathas come to &e bnown as the one percent r%le. The one1percent r%le has severalvar'at'onsZ &%t the or''nal concept was proposed &y the #.S. Army 'n a techn'calmemorand%m wr'tten &y Mr. D'cb ranseen

)X. Mr. ranseen proposed that a l'ht'n

component co%ld &e cons'dered to &e N{IS1compat'&le 'f the amo%nt of enery 'n theN{IS1sens't've port'on of the electromanet'c spectr%m &etween ro%hly 5XX and @XXnm was less than one percent of the total enery. Mr. ranseens recommendat'ons

were converted 'nto an Aerona%t'cal Des'n Standard ADSZ des'nated ADS16W."eca%se th's standard already e'sted pr'or to the wr't'n of MI010123456Z cons'derat'onwas 'ven to convert'n ADS16W 'nto a m'l'tary spec'f'cat'on. qoweverZ the cr'ter'on%sed 'n ADS16W has a n%m&er of flaws. The &as'c pro&lem 's that the N{IS do not seea rat'o of enery &etween the v's'&le and N{IS1sens't've port'ons of the spectr%m they

%st see the a&sol%te amo%nt of enery 'n the spectr%m 'n wh'ch they are sens't've. And l'ht'n components that meet the one1percent r%le &%t are not N{IS compat'&lecan &e man%fact%red. hen des'n'n a l'ht'n component to meet the one1percentcr'ter'onZ the man%fact%rer has two opt'ons. $neZ the man%fact%rer co%ld lower theamo%nt of enery 'n the N{IS1sens't've port'on of the spectr%mZ or twoZ 'ncrease therelat've amo%nt of enery 'n the v's'&le part of the spectr%m. $&v'o%slyZ lower'n the

amo%nt of enery 'n the N{IS1sens't've port'on of the spectr%m w'll prod%ce a morecompat'&le l'ht'n component than ra's'n the amo%nt of v's'&le enery.

I #R E C1 4 shows the c%rves of two d'fferent l'hts that co%ldZ theoret'callyZ &eprod%ced. "oth theoret'cal l'ht so%rces prod%ce a l%m'nance of X.WW cd/m

6X.) f0

and have a&o%t one1half percent of the'r enery a&ove 5XX nm. ThereforeZ &oth l'ht'ncomponents meet the one1percent re%'rement. qoweverZ the poor so%rce em'tsa&o%t ten t'mes as m%ch enery as the opt'm%m so%rce 'n the N{IS1sens't've port'on


94/108

# $ % r & ' ( ) ) * + , % # - 2 . / # . * r

4 0 0

5 0 0

6 0 0

7 0 0

8 0 0

9 0 0

1 0 0 0


of the spectr%m. Altho%h these l'hts meet the same percentae re%'rementZ thepoor so%rce w'll &e ten t'mes &r'hter than the opt'm%m so%rce when v'ewed thro%hthe N{IS.

1E 3

5E 4

3E 4

1E 4

5E 5

3E 5

1E 5

5E 6

3E 6

1E 6

5E 7

3E 7

1E 7

5E 8

3E 8

T& & r

O \ )$ # u #

1E 8

/ ( /& # 8 ) 8 r *

FIGURE -7< }c^Z_YuY~ a[ }^WWr~ ZeWreZ_\aV ]^e\ZraV [_]Zr_buZ_W]<

Th's b'nd of analys's led the UAC mem&ers to concl%de that the percentae r%le may

not worb 'n all cases. The net lo'cal step 'nvolved the development of a method thatwo%ld def'ne a l'm't on the amo%nt of a&sol%te enery that co%ld &e em'tted &y al'ht'n component 'n the N{IS1sens't've port'on of the spectr%m. As a carry1over fromthe one1percent r%leZ the UAC mem&ers 'nvest'ated the poss'&'l'ty of l'm't'n theamo%nt of enery that a l'ht'n component co%ld em't 'n the 5XX to @XX nm port'on of the spectr%m. Th's method was also event%ally reected &eca%se the UAC mem&ersreal'zed that N{IS do not have %n'form s%are wave response to enery w'thwavelenths &etween 5XX and @XX nm. In factZ as was po'nted o%t &y the #.S. ArmyN'ht {'s'on 0a&oratory now called the Center for N'ht {'s'on and Electro1$pt'cs—CN{E$˜Z some N{IS respond to l'ht w'th wavelenths as low as 3X nm. ThereforeZthe UAC mem&ers concl%ded that the &est way to spec'fy N{IS and l'ht'n 'nteract'onwas to develop a new %n't of meas%rementZ N{IS Rad'ance NRZ wh'ch wo%ld %ant'fythe 'nteract'on of l'ht'n components and the N{IS. #n'ts of NR were modeled after the def'n't'on of photop'c l%m'nance. NR %n'ts represent the amo%nt of enery em'tted&y a l'ht so%rce that 's v's'&le thro%h the N{ISZ %st as photop'c l%m'nance %n'ts f0Zcd/m

6 represent the amo%nt of enery that 's v's'&le to a standard h%man eye&all.

N{IS Rad'ance 's def'ned as the 'nteral of the c%rve enerated &y m%lt'ply'n thespectral rad'ance of a l'ht so%rce &y the relat've spectral response of the N{IS asfollows:


95/108


@WX

N{IS Rad'ance Ž (λ)ma (λ)' N(λ) d λ NR' )

where:3X

(λ)ma Ž ) mA/ to et the correct %n'ts(λ)' Ž relat've spectral response of the N{ISZ where 'ŽA

for Class A N{ISZ and 'Ž" for Class " N{ISN(λ) Ž spectral rad'ance of the l'ht so%rce /cm

6sr nm

d λ Ž wavelenth 'ncrement

N$TES:

). S'nce the wavelenth 'nterval dλ 'n th's e%at'on 's f'n'te 3nmZ th's 's techn'cally as%mmat'onZ rather than an 'nteralZ &%t 't 's shown as an 'nteral 'n the standard to &e

cons'stent w'th MI010123456.6. MI010123456 e%at'ons )a and )& were %sed to calc%late N{IS rad'ance for adev'ce at 'ts spec'f'ed l%m'nance and therefore 'ncl%ded the scal'n factor uSuZ &%t thee%at'ons referred to th's s'mply as uN{IS rad'ance.u Th's 's corrected &y chan'ne%at'ons )a and & to uN{IS rad'ance at spec'f'ed l%m'nanceu 'n the new standard.

W. The factor λma was 'ncl%ded 'n e%at'on )a and & of MI010123456 &%t 's notneeded w'th normal'zed λ data.

After areement was reached w'th'n the UAC that th's %n't of meas%rement

ade%ately represented the response of N{IS when loob'n at a l'ht so%rceZ the N{ISspectral sens't'v'ty had to &e def'ned. The spectral response of the N{IS 's overned&y two factors: the spectral response of the 'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&eZ and the spectraltransm'ss'on of the N{IS o&ect've lens. The spectral response of the 'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&e was determ'ned &y %s'n data prov'ded &y the CN{E$. An averae responsec%rve for each of the two th'rd1enerat'on t%&e man%fact%rers s%pply'n the Army atthat t'me ITT and {ar'anZ pl%s the response c%rve for an etremely sens't've hotth'rd1enerat'on 'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&e were o&ta'ned from the Armys N'ht {'s'on andElectro1$pt'cs 0a&oratory. These three c%rves were normal'zed and plotted on thesame raph. At each 31nm 'ncrementZ the larest val%e of the three c%rves wasdeterm'ned. These val%es were %sed to enerate a compos'teZ normal'zed 'mae t%&e

response c%rve. Th's c%rve 's shown 'n I #R E C12. rod%ct'on th'rd1enerat'on'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&es can &e epected to have a normal'zed spectral sens't'v'tysomewhat lower than th's c%rve.

D%r'n the man%fact%r'n processZ a m'n%s1&l%e f'lter '.e.Z a f'lter that &locbs &l%e1reen l'ht and transm'ts red l'ht 's &%'lt 'nto the N{IS o&ect've lens. Th's f'lter red%ces the amo%nt of cocbp't l'ht that enters the N{IS. There are two d'fferent b'ndsof m'n%s1&l%e f'lters that are %sed 'n the N{IS. Class A N{IS %se a m'n%s1&l%e f'lter


96/108


meet'n the re%'rements shown 'n I #R E C1. Class " N{IS %se a m'n%s1&l%e f'lter meet'n the re%'rements shown 'n I #R E C1 3 . The Class A f'lter was developed &ythe Army for %se 'n the AN{IS. Th's f'lter only allows &l%eZ reenZ and yellow l'hts to&e %sed 'n the cocbp't. The Class " f'lter was developed &y the Navy for %se 'n theN{IS &e'n proc%red for f'ed1w'n tact'cal a'rcraft. The Class " f'lter was developed

pr'mar'ly to allow three1color CRTs to &e %sed w'th N{IS. qoweverZ the Class " f'lter also allows the %se of a l'm'ted amo%nt of red for warn'n l'hts. The Class " f'lterZhoweverZ red%ces the sens't'v'ty of the N{IS when compared to a Class A f'lter &eca%se't c%ts off more of the 'mae 'ntens'f'er spectral sens't'v'ty than a Class A f'lter. #s'nthese two f'ltersZ the ma'm%m amo%nt of transm'ss'on allowed &y the spec'f'cat'onsthe left hand s'de of the c%rves shown 'n I #R E C1 and I #R E C1 3 wasm%lt'pl'ed &y the 'mae t%&e sens't'v'ty c%rve to y'eld N{IS Class A and Class "sens't'v'ty c%rves. The ma'm%m transm'ss'on allowed was %sed &eca%se an N{IS w'thth's f'lter transm'ss'on wo%ld have the most 'nteract'on w'th the cocbp't l'ht'n.I #R E C1 @ and I #R E C1 ) X show the spectral sens't'v'ty c%rves for Class A andClass " N{IS. The data from I #R E C1 @ and I #R E C1 ) X are %sed as (λ) A or

(λ)" 'n e%at'on ) to calc%late N{IS rad'ance for e'ther Class A or Class " N{ISZrespect'vely.

Note that character'st'cs of a hot t%&eZ and the ma'm%m transm'ss'on allowed &y them'n%s1&l%e f'lter spec'f'cat'onZ were %sed to der've the def'n't'ons of the NR %n'ts.These are &oth conservat've ass%mpt'onsZ wh'ch res%lt 'n the NR meas%rementshav'n some mar'n &%'lt 'n when l'ht'n dev'ces are %sed w'th ord'nary N{IS. Th'sepla'ns why l'ht'n and d'splay dev'ces that sl'htly v'olate the NR re%'rements mayappear to &e f%lly compat'&le when o&served 'n a mocb%p w'th an averae N{IS.More recent t%&es have even &etter performanceZ and new %'dance on th's s%&ectmay &e needed.

After the method of calc%lat'n N{IS Rad'ance was areed %ponZ the level of N{ISRad'ance that co%ld &e cons'dered to &e N{IS1compat'&le had to &e def'ned. As a&asel'neZ the UAC mem&ers dec'ded that compat'&'l'ty co%ld &e ach'eved 'f the 'maeof the cocbp't l'ht'nZ when v'ewed thro%h the N{ISZ was no &r'hter than the o%ts'descene. $perat'onal eper'ence has shown thatZ &eca%se of 'ts low reflect'v'tyZ adefol'ated tree 's the terra'n feat%re that 's the most d'ff'c%lt and 'mportant to see atn'ht. The N{IS rad'ance of a defol'ated tree 'll%m'nated &y starl'ht was calc%lated &ym%lt'ply'n the spectral rad'ance of starl'ht

))see I #R E C1@ &y the reflect'v'ty of

tree &arb)6

see I #R E C1)X and 'nsert'n the res%lt'n c%rve for N(λ) 'nto e%at'on). The calc%lat'on y'elds a val%e of ).4 )X

1)XNR A for Class A N{IS and ).5 )X

1)X

NR" for Class " N{IS. ThereforeZ to beep the cocbp't l'hts d'mmer than the o%ts'descene when v'ewed thro%h the N{ISZ the N{IS Rad'ance sho%ld not eceed ).4 )X 1)X

NR A for Class A N{IS and ).5 )X1)X

NR" for Class " N{ISZ when 'll%m'nated toprod%ce an accepta&le level of l%m'nance re%'red for %na'ded eye v'ew'n. #.S. A'r orce tests have shown that the level of l%m'nance re%'red for pr'mary cocbp't l'ht'nsystemsZ when p'lots are %s'n N{ISZ 's less than X.) f0. ThereforeZ the doc%mentallows a ma'm%m N{IS Rad'ance of ).4 )X

1)XNR A for Class A N{IS and ).5 )X

1)X

NR" for Class " N{IS when l'ht'n e%'pment 's 'll%m'nated to prod%ce X.) f0.


97/108


These very small n%m&ers ca%sed the %se of sc'ent'f'c notat'on 'n MI010123456 andENC1@51X). The new T A"0 E II I 'n the standard removes a factor of )X

1@from each

n%m&er &y %s'n nNR %n'tsZ '.e.Z the standard pract'ce 'n the SI system of %n'ts %ses nto represent nano 'n front of the %n't. The re%'rement 's eactly the sameZ 't 's %st

eas'er to wr'te and prono%nce.

An ecept'on 's made for pr'mary and secondary l'ht'n components( 'll%m'natedcontrols( ca%t'on and adv'sory s'nals( and compartmentZ %t'l'tyZ worbZ and 'nspect'onl'hts. These l'ht'n components m%st meet the N{IS Class A rad'ance re%'rementreardless of the 'nstallat'on for wh'ch they are 'ntended. The UAC mem&ers dec'dedto re%'re all of these l'ht'n components to meet the Class A re%'rement for commonal'ty reasons. S'nce all these dev'ces are reen and 't 's %'te pract'cal tomabe them Class A compl'antZ wh'ch a%tomat'cally mabes them Class " compl'ant noseparate Class " re%'rements were def'ned for these dev'cesZ therefore Class A andClass " dev'ces are the same.

Th's same ph'losophy was appl'ed to wh'te map l'hts when the N{IS h'te cr'ter'awere addedZ 'n the 'nterest of hav'n only one set of cr'ter'a for s%ch l'hts. Note thatthe NRA val%e allowed for wh'te 's h'herZ s'nce wh'te l'ht w'll conta'n more red.

The a&ove cr'ter'a were developed &ased on data s%&ect to var'at'ons. or eampleZthe spectral character'st'cs of starl'ht chane depend'n on ones locat'on on the earthand the transm'ss'v'ty of the atmosphere. To val'date the N{IS Rad'ance cr'ter'aZl'ht'n components that have &een %sed s%ccessf%lly on N{IS1compat'&le a'rcraft andl'ht'n components bnown to &e %naccepta&le were tested to determ'ne 'f they met theN{IS Rad'ance cr'ter'a. Those components that had &een s%ccessf%lly %sed on a'rcraft

passed the spectral rad'ance cr'ter'a and those that were fo%nd to &e %naccepta&lefa'led. D%r'n development of MI010123456Z many l'ht'n components were s%&ectedto the cr'ter'a. The cr'ter'a have proved to &e an acc%rate meas%re of the N{IS1compat'&'l'ty of a l'ht'n component.

MWW\rWYaZ_\ [_]^Vay ra[_a\e<The spectral rad'ance re%'rements for monochromat'c d'splays are the same as thosefor eneral crewstat'on l'ht'n ecept that when the d'splay 's re%'red to d'splayshades of ray 'maery s%ch as forward loob'n 'nfrared —0IR˜ sensor v'deoZ thed'splay m%st &e N{IS1compat'&le at ).46 cd/m

6X.3 f0 rather than X.WW cd/m

6X.) f0.

Appro'mately ).46 cd/m

6

X.3 f0 's re%'red 'n order to d'splay e'ht shades of rayZw'th the lowest level at .)W4 cd/m6 X.X f0.

MuVZ_-\WVWr [_]^Vay ra[_a\e<0a&oratory eper'ments have demonstrated that a f%ll color three1pr'mary color d'splaycannot &e %sed w'th Class A N{IS w'tho%t s%ffer'n cons'dera&le N{IS performancederadat'on. qoweverZ 't 's l'bely that other b'nds of d'splays for eampleZ two color d'splays co%ld &e %sed. 0a&oratory and fl'ht demonstrat'ons have shown that the


98/108


Class " N{IS can &e %sed w'th f%ll color d'splays prov'ded the d'splay 's properlyf'ltered and located 'n a pos't'on where 't 's not 'n the ${ of the N{IS when loob'no%ts'de the a'rcraft. Color d'splays cannot meet the N{IS Rad'ance re%'rements for eneral crewstat'on l'ht'n. ThereforeZ to allow the %se of color d'splaysZ the N{ISRad'ance re%'rement had to &e relaed. Th's trade1off was made for two &as'c

reasons. 'rstZ the N{IS Rad'ance re%'rement for eneral crewstat'on l'ht'nass%med that most of the cocbp't wo%ld &e 'll%m'natedZ &%t 'n the case of color d'splaysZthe d'splay raph'cs were ass%med to occ%py a smaller percentae of the total cocbp'tarea. SecondZ most color d'splays are located 'n an area that w'll not &e 'n the N{IS${ when loob'n o%ts'de the cocbp't.

The ass%mpt'on that the rad'at'n area of a color d'splay w'll &e small 's not part'c%larlyval'd w'th newer AM0CDs. AM0CDs 'n %se now 6XX) are larer than ant'c'patedwhen MI010123456A was developedZ and they tend to rad'ate IR from darb areas aswell as l'ht areasZ 'ncreas'n the total rad'ated enery. More restr'ct've NR" cr'ter'am'ht &e cons'dered where th's added 'nterference 's fo%nd to &e %naccepta&le.

The standard has two N{IS Rad'ance l'm'ts for m%lt'1color d'splays. $ne 's for wh'tel'ht or the color closest to wh'te that can &e prod%ced &y the d'splay and one for theworst case colorZ wh'ch 's the color that prod%ces the reatest N{IS Rad'ance. There%'rements were wr'tten th's way to try to cover all aspects of color d'splaysZ 'ncl%d'ntwo pr'mary1color d'splaysZ wh'ch are &e'n cons'dered for some a'rcraft.

$ne character'st'c of 0CDs that was not ant'c'pated &y MI010123456A was theecess've em'ss'on of IR from u&lacbu areas. $n some 0CDsZ th's em'ss'on 's nearlyconstant reardless of d'splay state( that 'sZ 't does not d'm w'th the v's'&le l'ht.Conse%entlyZ %se of the scal'n factor def'ned 'n 3.4.)6. ) of the standard 's 'nval'd for

many s%ch dev'ces. The new pararaph added %nder 3.4.)6. ) re%'res ver'f'cat'on thatl%m'nance and rad'ance of the d'splay scale toether and sho%ld address th's 'ss%e.

•ar_w a[ Ya]Zer \auZ_W ]_waV a[ eYerwe\y e€_Z V_wZ_w ra[_a\e<The ma'm%m allowa&le N{IS Rad'ance for warn'n and master ca%t'on l'hts 'sappro'mately )XXX t'mes h'her than the N{IS Rad'ance allowed for eneral crewstat'on l'ht'n. The allowa&le N{IS Rad'ance was 'ncreased for two reasons. 'rstZ&eca%se the warn'n and master ca%t'on 'nd'cators sho%ld &e a d'fferent color fromthose 'n the rest of the cocbp'tZ yellow was selected for %se w'th Class A N{IS. TheN{IS Rad'ance re%'rements for N{IS Œellow represent the lowest level of N{IS

Rad'ance that can &e ach'eved w'th state1of1the1art technoloy wh'le ma'nta'n'n ayellow color. SecondZ the N{IS Rad'ance had to &e 'ncreased &eca%se warn'n andmaster ca%t'on l'hts are re%'red to &e 'll%m'nated to 3).3 cd/m

6)3 f0 'n accordance

w'th MI01STD1)). That 'sZ &eca%se warn'n and master ca%t'on 'nd'cators m%st meetthe N{IS Rad'ance re%'rements at 3).3 cd/m

6)3 f0Z rather than X.WW cd/m

6X.) f0Z

the N{IS Rad'ance &ased on th's factor alone wo%ld &e )3X t'mes h'her.

In add't'on to chan'n the ma'm%m allowa&le N{IS Rad'anceZ the UAC mem&ersdec'ded that warn'n and master ca%t'on 'nd'cators m%st &e clearly v's'&le thro%h the


99/108


Type I N{IS &eca%seZ when the 'nd'cator f'rst comes onZ 't w'll most l'bely &e 'n theN{IS ${. Th's led to the esta&l'shment of a m'n'm%m N{IS Rad'ance re%'rement for warn'n and master ca%t'on 'nd'cators to &e certa'n that a p'lot co%ld see the 'nd'cator thro%h Type I N{IS. The lower l'm't was selected &ased on a three1to1one rat'o them'n'm%m N{IS Rad'ance 's three t'mes lower than the ma'm%m N{IS Rad'ance.

'th the advent of Type II and Class " N{ISZ several chanes had to &e made to MI010123456Z wh'ch are reflected 'n MI010123456A. 'rstZ &eca%se the p'lot can clearly seeall parts of the cocbp't w'th h's %na'ded eyeZ a lower l'm't on the N{IS Rad'ance 's notre%'red. SecondZ the Class " N{IS allow a l'm'ted amo%nt of red to &e %sed for warn'n l'hts. qoweverZ the N{IS Rad'ance re%'rement for red was not ra'sed whencompared to yellow &eca%se la&oratory tests have shown that the %pper l'm't set for yellow ca%ses some N{IS deradat'on and ra's'n the l'm't f%rther wo%ld &eo&ect'ona&le. Red warn'n l'hts were left as an opt'on to the ac%'r'n aency&eca%se the UAC mem&ers were not conv'nced that red warn'n l'hts are necessary.

uY^ V_wZ ra[_a\e<

q'her N{IS Rad'ance val%es are allowed for %mp l'hts for several reasons. 'rstZ %mp l'hts are not located 'n the cocbp'tZ and therefore are not 'n the p'lots f'eld1of1v'ew when loob'n o%ts'de the cocbp't. SecondZ %mp l'hts are not normally pos't'oned'n a place where the a'rcrew can conven'ently loob aro%nd or %nder the N{IS to v'ewthe %mp l'ht. ThereforeZ 't m%st &e v's'&le thro%h the Type I N{IS. The &r'hter 'ntens'f'ed 'mae d%e to the h'her N{IS Rad'ance w'll alert the a'rcrew that the %mpl'ht 's act'vated. In order to ens%re that the 'ntens'f'ed 'mae 's &r'ht eno%h to catchthe a'rcrews attent'onZ a m'n'm%m N{IS Rad'ance re%'rement 's also 'mposed for

Type I N{IS. There 's no m'n'm%m N{IS Rad'ance re%'rement for Type II N{IS&eca%se %na'ded eye v's%al c%es are %no&str%cted.

‚ea[ u^ [_]^Vay ‚UD; ]y]ZeY ra[_a\e<

'th Type I N{IS the q#D m%st &e v'ewed thro%h the N{IS. ThereforeZ MI010123456A set &oth a lower and %pper l'm't on the N{IS Rad'ance. The lower l'm't wasselected &ased on a W phosphor w'th a xa'ser f'lterZ wh'ch has proven to &e %st&arely v's'&le thro%h the Type I N{IS when set to 3.X f0. The %pper l'm't 's three t'mesthe lower l'm't. 'th Type II N{ISZ the q#D 's v'ewed w'th the %na'ded eye. Theresho%ld &e no 'ntens'f'ed 'mae seen thro%h the 'mae 'ntens'f'er t%&es or the p'lot w'll

&e presented w'th a do%&le 'mae the %na'ded eye 'mae overla'd w'th the 'ntens'f'ed'mae. ThereforeZ only a ma'm%m N{IS Rad'ance has &een esta&l'shed for Type IIN{IS.

The leaby reen character'st'c 's a newerZ alternat've approach to v'ew'n aholoraph'c q#D w'th N{IS. It has &een fo%nd to &e nearly 'mposs'&le to meet them'n'm%m NR re%'rements d'sc%ssed a&ove w'th holoraph'c q#DsZ wh'ch are now 'n%se 'n several a'rcraft. The very wavelenth1select've nat%re of the holoraph'c q#Dcom&'ner prevents l'ht from the q#D from fall'n 'n the N{IS spectr%m. Rather than


100/108


%se Class II N{IS wh'ch are more epens've w'th these q#DsZ as was 'ntended whenMI010123456 was wr'ttenZ leaby reen f'lters on ord'nary Class I N{IS are &e'n %sed.

L_wZ Vea]<

Test'n at NA{AIRDE{CEN has shown that the seal'n of l'ht leabs 's perhaps themost d'ff'c%lt pro&lem faced &y man%fact%rers. Even 'f the man%fact%rer %ses an N{IS1compat'&le f'lterZ small l'ht leabs wh'ch are 'nv's'&le to the %na'ded eye w'll mabe al'ht'n component non1compat'&le.

LuY_a\e u_`WrY_Zy<

The %n'form'ty re%'rement has &een t'htened from a rat'o of three to one at rateddr've cond't'ons to a rat'o of two to one at )/6 rated dr've voltae'n MI010125456 or any 'ven l%m'nance level 'n ASC/ENC @51X). Th's chane was made &eca%se the%se of prototype l'ht'n systems has demonstrated that the more %n'form the l'ht'nZ

the &etter the compat'&'l'ty.

Ma_Zea\e Zr_YY_w \WZrWV] MIL-L-85762 WVy;ƒ W \aVVe[ LuY_a\ebaVa\e<

A re%'rement for ma'ntenance tr'mm'n controls was added to MI010123456 &eca%seof the etreme cr't'cal'ty of l'ht'n %n'form'ty when %s'n N{IS. If a l'ht'n component's r%n at a s'n'f'cantly h'her &r'htness than the averaeZ 't w'll appear m%ch &r'hter &oth thro%h the N{IS and w'th the %na'ded eye. Non1%n'form l'ht'n 's a d'stract'on tothe p'lot. In add't'onZ some of the technolo'es %sed to ach'eve N{IS compat'&'l'tyre%'re tr'mm'n d%e to a'n cons'derat'ons 'f a new component 's 'nstalled 'n thea'rcraft.

The des'n re%'rement 'nstallat'on of tr'mmers was deleted 'n ASC/ENC @51X)Zs'nce 't 's a des'n re%'rement rather than a performance re%'rement. Theperformance re%'rement 's to meet the %n'form'ty cr'ter'on a&ove wh'le meet'nrel'a&'l'ty and ma'nta'na&'l'ty re%'rements stated 'n the contract.

:er_`_\aZ_W xuaV_Zy a]]ura\e ^rWX_]_W] _ MIL-L-85762;<

The test proced%res re%'red &y MI010123456A are re%'red for f'rst art'cle and %al'tyconformance 'nspect'ons only. 'rst art'cle tests are re%'red to &e performed on allf'rst art'cle samples and %al'ty conformance tests are re%'red to &e performed onrandom samples selected from a prod%ct'on lot. A contractor 's not re%'red to s%&ectall del'vered art'cles to the test proced%res conta'ned 'n MI010123456A. That 'sZ MI010123456A does not spec'fy prod%ct'on %al'ty control 'nspect'ons that sho%ld &eperformed &y the man%fact%rer on each %n't. !%al'ty control proced%res are left %p tothe contractor. The overnment re%'res a contractor to prove that 't can meet thespec'f'cat'on &y pass'n f'rst art'cle and random %al'ty conformance 'nspect'ons.


101/108

L_wZ_w \W[_Z_W]<


All l'ht'n meas%rements m%st &e made 'n a darbroom to prevent am&'ent l'ht'n fromaffect'n the res%lts. The doc%ment def'nes darb as e'ther &e'n %nmeas%ra&le or less than one percent of the enery &e'n meas%red. As an alternat'veZ an N{IS e'ther second1or th'rd1enerat'on can &e %sed to checb for l'ht leabs 'n the room. If there

are no l'ht leabs v's'&le w'th the N{IS one can cons'der the room darb eno%h to mabeN{IS compat'&'l'ty meas%rements.

L_wZ_w ]y]ZeY N:IS \WY^aZ_b_V_Zy e€aY_aZ_W<

The proced%res to &e %sed d%r'n the l'ht'n system N{IS1compat'&'l'ty eam'nat'onl'ht'n mocb%p re%'re that a resol%t'on taret &e set %p o%ts'de the cocbp't andv'ewed w'th the N{IS &oth w'th and w'tho%t the cocbp't l'ht'n 'll%m'nated. Nodetecta&le deradat'on of N{IS resol%t'on sho%ld res%lt when the cocbp't l'ht'n 'sener'zed. The resol%t'on chart 's 'll%m'nated to a level necessary to prod%ce the sameamo%nt of enery that wo%ld &e rad'ated &y a defol'ated tree 'll%m'nated &y starl'ht and

v'ewed thro%h the N{IS ).4 )X1)X

NR A or ).5 ‰ )X1)X

NR" for Class A or Class "N{IS respect'vely. The d'stance &etween the l'ht'n mocb%p and the resol%t'on taret's not spec'f'ed &eca%se the d'stance w'll vary depend'n on the area to &e %sed for themocb%p. qoweverZ several %al'f'ers are conta'ned 'n th's sect'on to &e certa'n that themocb%p 's cond%cted 'n the proper manner. 'rstZ the resol%t'on taret sho%ld &e set %pat a d'stance so that a resol%t'on pattern m'dway &etween the larest and smallestpattern 's %st v's'&le w'th the N{IS. Th's prevents lare sw'ns 'n resol%t'on from fall'no%t of the resol%t'on meas%r'n rane of the taret. SecondZ the taret m%st &e locatedso that when the cocbp't l'ht'n 's 'll%m'natedZ 't does not 'll%m'nate the taret. Cocbp'tl'ht'n that 'll%m'nates the resol%t'on taret can 've false read'ns &eca%se theresol%t'on taret 's 'll%m'nated to a level that 's h'her than starl'ht rad'ance.

rWYaZ_\_Zy Yea]ureYeZ]<

Chromat'c'ty meas%rements are re%'red to &e made w'th a spectrorad'ometer. Inpract'ceZ chromat'c'ty meas%rements can also &e made w'th a photometer %s'n color f'lters des'ned for th's p%rpose. qoweverZ the spectrorad'ometr'c meas%rement 'smore acc%rate. "eca%se the spec'f'cat'on re%'res that a spectrorad'ometer &e %sed tomeas%re spectral rad'anceZ the UAC mem&ers dec'ded that the color sho%ld also &emeas%red w'th a spectrorad'ometer. A wavelenth 'ncrement of 3 nm was chosen&eca%se eper'ments have shown that 'ncrements smaller than th's have a nel''&leeffect on the chromat'c'ty meas%rements of var'o%s technoloy lampsZ 'ncl%d'n 0EDs

and CRTsZ wh'ch are relat'vely narrow &and l'ht so%rces.

S^e\ZraV ra[_a\e Yea]ureYeZ]<

Spectral rad'ance meas%rements are re%'red to &e made %s'n a spectrorad'ometer.D%r'n the development of MI010123456 a n%m&er of d'fferent meas%rement techn'%eswere eplored. "ased on the def'n't'on of N{IS Rad'anceZ an acc%rate meas%rement of spectral rad'ance m%st &e o&ta'ned. The UAC mem&ers were not conv'nced thatalternate meas%r'n techn'%esZ wh'ch enerally %se an 'nterat'n over wavelenth


102/108


type of dev'ceZ prov'de acc%rate spectral rad'ance data. In order for these types of dev'ces to &e acc%rateZ the'r spectral sens't'v'ty c%rve has to closely match thesens't'v'ty c%rve for the N{IS. The b'nd of test e%'pment re%'red 's epens'veZhoweverZ 'n n%mero%s d'sc%ss'ons w'th man%fact%rersZ the UAC mem&ers concl%dedthat 'f a company wants to &e 'n the N{IS1compat'&'l'ty &%s'nessZ 't m%st proc%re the

proper test e%'pment. The UAC mem&ers felt that alternate meas%r'n techn'%eswere 'nade%ate( howeverZ s%est'ons for alternat've meas%r'n techn'%es can st'll&e cons'dered.

The %se of an 'nteral 'n the e%at'ons 'n the ver'f'cat'on sect'on of the doc%ment has&een %est'oned. Most people th'nb of th's as an 'nteralZ even tho%h mathemat'callyspeab'nZ 't 's act%ally a s%mmat'onZ s'nce the 'ncrement d λ 's 3 nanometers. In atr%e 'nteralZ th's 'ncrement approaches zero.

Altho%h most l'ht'n components are re%'red to &e compat'&le at X.WW cd/m6

X.)f0Z the spec'f'cat'on allows the spectral rad'ance of l'ht'n components to &e

meas%red at e'ther 3).3 cd/m6

)3 f0 or at the l%m'nance prod%ced at rated voltaeZwh'ch ever 's lower. A scal'n factor S 's enerated to correct the meas%red spectralrad'ance to appro'mate what 't wo%ld &e 'f the l'ht'n component were act%ally set toX.WW cd/m

6X.) f0. State1of1the1art spectrorad'ometers have d'ff'c%lty acc%rately

meas%r'n the spectral rad'ance of l'ht'n components when they are 'll%m'nated toX.WW cd/m

6X.) f0. Scal'n the l%m'nance of l'ht'n components 's not ent'rely

acc%rate &eca%seZ as 's the case w'th 'ncandescent l'htsZ the spectral rad'ance c%rvesh'fts for some l'ht'n components as the l%m'nance d%e to a voltae chane 'schaned. NeverthelessZ n%mero%s tests cond%cted at NA{AIRDE{CEN showed thatthe spectral sh'ft was not s'n'f'cant w'th many l'ht so%rces. The %pper l'm't of 3).3 cd/m

6)3 f0 was chosen &eca%se at th's level a spectrorad'ometer 's sens't've

eno%h to mabe an acc%rate meas%rement. "es'desZ warn'n and master ca%t'on'nd'cators sho%ld &e meas%red at th's level.

More recent tests on CRTs and 0'%'d Crystal D'splays 0CDs have shown that thescal'n techn'%e allowed &y MI010123456 's not always val'd. It does not acc%ratelyacco%nt for so%rces s%ch as CRTs and flat panel d'splays that have &oth f'ed andvar'a&le so%rces of IR em'ss'ons. In a CRTZ as well as 'n the fl%orescent t%&es %sed to&acbl'ht 0CDsZ the hot f'lament prod%ces relat'vely constant IR em'ss'onsZ wh'le thephosphor prod%ces em'ss'ons proport'onal to l%m'nance. MI010123456 allowsmeas%r'n the d'splay at a &r'hter sett'n and then scal'n down the res%lts to thespec'f'ed l%m'nance of ).4 cd/m

6X.3 f0. S'nce the IR em'ss'ons do not o down

proport'onallyZ th's can allow a d'splay w'th ecess've em'ss'ons to pass the test.ThereforeZ a re%'rement to ver'fy that the scal'n techn'%e 's val'd for the part'c%lar technoloy &e'n tested was added to pararaph 3.5.)6.) of the doc%ment.

L_wZ Vea _]^e\Z_W<

0'ht leabs can &e 'nspected w'th any b'nd of N{IS e'ther second1or th'rd1enerat'on&eca%se a l'ht leab w'll &e ev'dent thro%h e'ther b'nd of dev'ce. The 'nspect'on 's


103/108

1 r ( / * # $ ) ) ( / %

4 5 0

5 0 0

5 5 0

6 0 0

6 5 0

7 0 0

7 5 0

8 0 0

8 5 0

9 0 0

9 3 0


'mportant &eca%se a spectrorad'ometr'c meas%rement may not always detect a l'htleab %nless the leab 's 'n the ${ of the spectrorad'ometer. 0'ht leabs most oftenres%lt from cracbed or poorly 'nstalled f'lters.

DayV_wZ Vew_b_V_Zy a[ rea[ab_V_Zy _]^e\Z_W W VWwer _\Vu[e[ _ Ze ]Za[ar[;<

The meas%r'n proced%res 'n MI010123456 for 'll%m'nated v's%al s'nals that arere%'red to &e reada&le 'n d'rect reflected spec%lar s%nl'ht came from the proced%resconta'ned 'n MI01S166223. The test proced%res conta'ned 'n MI01S166223 descr'&e themethod that sho%ld &e %sed to meas%re contrast when the l'ht'n component 'ss%&ected to a spec%lar reflect'on. The meas%r'n proced%res for 'll%m'nated v's%als'nals not re%'red to &e reada&le 'n d'rect reflected spec%lar s%nl'ht are the same asthe proced%res conta'ned 'n MI01S1W2XW@. The test proced%res conta'ned 'n MI01S1W2XW@ descr'&e the method that sho%ld &e %sed to meas%re contrast when the l'ht'ncomponent 's s%&ected to d'ff%se am&'ent 'll%m'nat'on. The test proced%res werecop'ed over 'nto ASC/ENC @51X) to el'm'nate references to the old doc%ments.

The meas%r'n proced%res descr'&ed for the meas%rement of contrast of electron'c andelectro1opt'cal d'splays are cons'stent w'th those conta'ned 'n MI01qD"x1246)W andSAE AR1)426.

A[[_Z_WaV _`WrYaZ_W<I #R E C1 2 Z I #R E C1 @ Z and I #R E C1 ) X are prov'ded for add't'onal 'nformat'on.

1E 1

7 E 0

5 E 0

3E 0

1E 0

7E 15 E 1

3E 1

1E 1

7 E 2

5E 2

3 E 2

1E 2

7 E 3

5E 3

3E 3

1E 3

/(/ ) r*

FIGURE -8< NWrYaV_„e[ ]^e\ZraV ]e]_Z_X_Zy \urXe `Wr a Z_r[-weeraZ_W _Yawe_Ze]_`_er Zube


104/108

# $ % r & ' ( ) ) * + , % # - 2 . / # . * r

R ] % ) ( / %

4 5 0

4 5 0

5 0 0

5 0 0

5 5 0

5 5 0

6 0 0

6 0 0

6 5 0

6 5 0

7 0 0

7 0 0

7 5 0

7 5 0

8 0

mil-std-3009 полный .doc

Documents