midwest 911 truth conference champaign-urbana september 2014 newsfollowup anti-zionism

8/12/2019 Midwest 911 Truth Conference Champaign-urbana September 2014 Newsfollowup Anti-zionism

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Franklin S candal O maha Sitemap Obama Comment S

M id we s t 9 /1 1 T r u t h

C o n f e r e n c e , 2 0 1 4

Contact: Steve Francis

[email protected]

The Midwest 9/11 Tr

C onf er en ce , 2 01 4See 2013 Event videos n

YouTube,

speakers:

W ay n e M ad se n , Investigative Journalist, and

J am es F et ze r, P h. D., F ou nd er o f S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1

Kevin Barrett, Ph.D. Co-founder Muslim Jewish Christian Alli

The Midwest 9/11 Truth Conference 2014 is n ow i n t he p lann ing s

W ay ne M a ds en

Speakers:

Th e Mi dwes t 9 /1 1Tr ut h C on fe r en c e

h i s v e r s i o n o f T o t a l H T M L C o n v e r t e r i s u n r e g i s t e r e d .



Wayne Madsen is a Washington, DC-based investigative journalist, author and columnist. He has written for The Village

Voice, The Progressive, Counterpunch, Online Journal,CorpWatch, Multinational Monitor, News Insider, In TheseTimes, and The American Conservative. His columns haveappeared in The Miami Herald, Houston Chronicle,Philadelphia Inquirer, Columbus Dispatch, Sacramento Bee,

and Atlanta Journal-Constitution, among others.

M ad se n i s t he a ut ho r o f T he H an db oo k o f P er so na l D at aProtection (London: Macmillan, 1992), an acclaimedreference book on international data protection law; Genocidea nd C ov er t O pe ra ti on s i n A fr i ca 1 99 3- 19 99 ( Ed wi n M el l enPress, 1999); co-author of America's Nightmare: TheP re si de nc y o f G eo rg e B us h I I ( Da nd el io n, 2 00 3) ; a ut ho r o f J ad ed T as ks : B ig O il , B la ck O ps & B ra ss P la te s;O ve rt hr ow a F as ci st R eg im e o n $ 15 a D ay ; a nd T he

Manufacturing of a President: the CIA's Insertion of Barack H . O ba ma , J r. i nt o t he W hi te H ou se .

M ad se n h as b ee n a r eg ul ar c on tr ib ut or o n R T a nd P re ss TV .He has been a frequent political and national securityc om me nt at or o n F ox N ew s a nd h as a ls o a pp ea re d o n A BC ,

NBC, CBS, PBS, CNN, BBC, Al Jazeera, and MS-NBC.M ad se n h as t ak en o n B il l O 'R ei ll y a nd S ea n H an ni ty o n t he ir t el ev is io n s ho ws . H e h as b ee n i nv it ed t o t es ti fy a s a w it ne ss before the US House of Representatives, the UN CriminalTribunal for Rwanda, and an terrorism investigation panel of the French government.

Madsen has some twenty years experience in security issues.A s a U .S . N av al O ff ic er , h e m an ag ed o ne o f t he f ir stc om pu te r s ec ur i ty p ro gr am s f or t he U .S . N av y. H esubsequently worked for the National Security Agency, the

Naval Data Automation Command, Department of State,RCA Corporation, and Computer Sciences Corporation.M ad se n w as a S en io r F el lo w f or t he E le ct ro ni c P ri va cyInformation Center (EPIC), a privacy public advocacy

o rg an iz at io n. M ad se n i s a m em be r o f t he S oc ie ty o f Professional Journalists (SPJ) and the National Press Club.

James H.Distinguiscampus ol aud e i n p1962, he became aAfter a to

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News FollowUp.com (a b o u t p a g e) ( est . 2 00 2) is an in ter ne t n ews r ese ar ch t oo l. W e hav e a de fi nit e P rog ressi ve sta nce . W e pr ovi dea ll ow t he v ie we r t o m ak e i nf or me d d ec is io ns . W e a re v er y a nt i- Zi on is t ( no t a nt i- Se mi ti c) , b el ie ve t he re i s v er y l it tl e d if fe re nc e b et wet he re a re i mp or ta nt l in ks b et we en t he a ss as si na ti on o f J FK , t he I ra n C on tr a s ca nd al a nd 9 /1 1 t ha t h av e b ee n s ha pi ng A me ri ca n p ol itthes e s ites : 9 / 11 S c ho l ar s 1x, 911blogger 1/4x, World911Truth 1x, OccupyTogether 1 /4 x ( t he # 2 O cc up y s it e) , FirefightersFor911Tru

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9 / 11 S c ho l ar s E x po s in g F a ls e ho o ds a n d R e ve a li n gT r ut h s J am es H . F et z er J oe l S . H ir sc hh o rn F ou nd er C o -C h ai r , F o r n e ws , v i si t C i ti z en s F o r L e gi t im a teG ov er n me nt a nd v i ew s, M ik e P al ec ek 's T he N ewAmerican Dream9/11Truth

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frames.911Truth A c c ou n t ab l e D e m oc r a cy C o n f er e n ce ,A c co u nt a bl e D e mo c ra c y i s a l so s p on s or i ng A D TV aTV programme making initiative.A r ch i te ct s a nd E n gi n ee r s f o r 9 / 11 T r ut h J o in o t he r

WTC7 Controlled Demolition Controlatta and pageS ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th a nd J us ti ce and the J o ur n al o f 9 / 1 1 S t u di e s O ve r 6 0 p ee r- r ev ie we d a rt ic le s a nd as i mi l ar n u mb er o f l et t er s a re a va il ab l e. T he e di t or s h a vea l so p u bl i sh e d a rt i cl es i n m a in s tr e am s ci e nt i fi c j o ur n al sa nd o ff er l in ks t o t ho se p ap er s f ro m t hi s s it e.Scientis ts For911Truth I n a P re ss R el ea se d at ed J un e5 , 2 01 2, t he C on se ns us P an el a nn ou nc ed n ew f in di ng sr e la te d t o f al s e a cc ou n ts b y U . S. p ol i ti ca l a nd m i li t ar y

l ea de rs o n 9 /1 1. N ew e vi de nc e s ho ws t ha t t heS e pt e m be r 1 1 th a c ti v it i e s o f f o r me r P r e si d en t G e or g eW . B u sh , V ic e P r es id en t D i ck C h en e y, a n d D ef e ns eS e cr e ta r y D o na l d R u ms fe l d w er e f a ls el y r e po r te d b yo f f i ci a l s o u rc e s.




A E 91 1 Tr u th a ct i vi s ts a t t h e U n it e d N at i on al A n ti w ar C oa li ti on C on fe re nc e i n S ta mf or d, C T o n M ar ch 2 3- 25 ,2 0 12 . H el p u s i n fl u en c e t h e “ wo r ki n g s e ss io n s” w it hs tatements of s upport and your votes to include the9 / 11 T r ut h i s su e i n t h e c o al i ti o n’ s p l at f or m .B YU 9 / 1 1 r e se a r chAlexJones 9 / 11 v i de o, i ns i de j o bb er C anadaWants TheTruth911 T h e T or on to h ea ri ng s.articles by C OLIN FR EEZE, MEGAN O'TOOLE

C itizens For Legitimate Government, Fetzer Debunking911

FirefightersFor911Truth E r ic L a wy e r, f o un d er o f F ir ef ig ht er s f or 9 11 T ru th , w ho p oi nt ed o ut t he m an yways in which long-es tablis hed protocols for handlingc r im e s ce n es i n vo l vi ng f i re a nd b u il d in g c ol l ap se w er eegregious ly violated, cons is tent with a cover-up.

GlobalR es earch MONTREAL CONFERENCE: RichardG ag e o n 9 /1 1 T ru th P ar t o f t he C an ad ia n P ub li cI nv es ti ga ti on o f 9 /1 1 ( A pr il 7 , 2 01 2)

Infowars J oi n W e Ar eC h an g e f o r “ Ou r L i ve s P o st

9 /1 1” – A F ou r D ay 9 /1 1 T ru th C on fe re nc e a nd C ha ri tyE ve nt i n N ew Y or k C it y - S ep te mb er 9 th – 1 2t h 2 01 0S pe ak er s i n cl u de R ay M cG ov er n - f or m er C I A a na ly st ,G e or g e G a ll o wa y – B r it i sh p o li t ic i an , R i ch a rd G a ge – A E 9 /1 1 T ru th , C in dy S he eh an – P ea ce A ct iv is t,C y n th i a M c Ki n ne y – f o r me r U . S. C o n gr e ss w om a n,A nn ie M ac ho n – f or me r M I5 a ge nt , M ik e G ra ve l – f or me r U .S S en at or , a nd s o m an y m or e! a ndInfowars J ap an es e M P Y uk ih is a F uj it a o f t heD em oc ra ti c P ar ty o f J ap an , a m em be r o f t he H ou se o f C o un c il l or s i n t h e D i et o f J ap an ( na t io n al l eg i sl at u re ),s poke at the 9/11 Truth conference in Sydney today.

Me e t u p S t L ou is D on S ta hl W e a re r es id en ts o f t heG re at er S t. L ou is A re a ( an d o th er a re as ) c on ce rn edabout the many dis turbing as pects of the 9/11 attacksand interes ted in finding out more about thos e events .W e s h a r e t h e S t . L o ui s F u s i on C e n t e r 's d e d i ca t i o n t o " .. . t he c ol le ct io n, a na ly si s a nd d is se mi na ti on o f information us ed to detect, defend agains t, or res pondt o a ct s o f t er ro ri sm ." W e h av e m an y d is ag re em en ts ,

but we agree that 9/11 is worth inquiring into. We arei n cl u si v e a s o p po s ed t o e x cl u si v e. G e ne r al l y, w e

believe that when an object moves under the influenceof gravity, the object goes down, not upwards ando ut wa rd s i n a n a rc , a s t hi rt y- f oo t s te el b ea ms d id w he n

t h e T o we r s " f el l d o wn . " videoMideas tYouth Nakba Annivers ary Mes s age: On this6 4t h a nn iv er sa ry o f t he N ak ba w e m ou rn t he e th ni ccleans ing that began in 1948 and that continues todayw i th s il en t t r an sf er , h om e d em o li t io ns , l an dc on fi sc at io n a nd m or e. B ut w e a ls o c el eb ra te a na m az i ng r e si l ie n ce a n d s u cc e ss o f t h e P a le s ti n ia nendogenous people agains t incredible odds :

Northern C alifornia 9/11 Truth AlliancePhilJayhan W ho R ea ll y C on tr ol s T he 9 /1 1 T ru thC o nf e re n ce s . . . No t o n ly s h ou l d h i s ( J on es ) B Y Uc on ne ct io n b e e xa mi ne d s in ce t he L DS C hu rc h i s a

breeding ground for Vatican-led New World Order m in io ns , b ut t he h ie ra rc hy o f t he M or mo n C hu rc hn ee ds t o b e f ul ly e xa mi ne d s in ce i t c an b e p ro ve d t ha tit has been es tablis hed and has been in total controlf ro m t he b eg in ni ng b y t he V at ic an a nd J es ui t O rd er ,

T h e N ew A me r ic an D r ea m , F et z er TheRealNews b i n L ad en J FI CT r u t h A c t i o n 2 0 10 W e Ar e Ch a ng e c o nf e re n ce : G l en nZ a rm an o v, F o un d er o f W e Ar e Ch a ng e N ew J er s ey& am p; J er se y C i ty f o r 9 /1 1 T r ut h E r ik -A nd er s N il ss on ,F o un d er o f J er se y C i ty P ea ce M o ve me nt & am p ; 9 /1 1F i r st R e sp o nd e r, D e te c ti v e J o hn C a ro l l, J C P D O f fi c er & am p; 9 /1 1 F ir st R es po nd er , M i ch ae l D on l y, E ng in ee r f o r 9 /1 1 T r ut h, F ra nk A ga me mn on , 9 /1 1 T r ut h A ct iv i st

TruthOut EXCLUSIVE: New Documents ClaimI n te l li g en ce o n B i n L a de n , a l -Q a ed a T a rg e ts W i th h el dF r om C o ng r es s' 9 /1 1 P ro be a nd I n s pe c t or G e ne r a l I r o nMan pdf TruthOut buys into bs that bin Laden wask il le d i n P ak is ta n i n 2 01 1. O ba ma b s.Twilightpines t he M ad i so n C o nf er en ce , 2 00 7 . ..C o nf e re nc e: T he S c ie nc e a nd t h e P ol i ti cs o f 9 /1 1:W h at 's C o nt r ov er s ia l , W h at ' s N ot . K ev i n B a rr e tt , J imM a rr s , J u dy W o od , J er r y L e ap h ar t , B o b F i tr ak i s,M o rg a n R e yn o ld s , D a ve v on K l ei st , A ce B a ke r , L e ur e nM or et , A lf re d W eb re , D ou g R ok ke , a nd o th er sL oc at io n, M ad is on , W I. D et ai ls o n h om e p ag e.

Vancouver911TruthVeterans Today A n O pe n L et te r t o t he 9 /1 1 T ru thC o m mu n it y : T h e V a nc o uv e r H e ar i n gs R e v is e d B yK ev in B ar r et t , J os hu a B l ak en ey , a nd J im F et ze r,mistake,W a n t t o K n o w 9 / 11 C o m mi s si o n R e p or t Q u es t io n ed b yO ve r 1 00 P r of es so r s 5 0 9 / 11 C o mm i ss io n R e po r tQ u es t io ne d b y S e ni o r M i li t ar y , I n te l li g en c e, a ndGovernment Officials R ep or t q ue st io ne d b y o ve r 1 00P r o f e s s o r sWorld911TruthYouTube G ra ha m M cQ ue en @ 9 /1 1 T ru th C on fe re nc e,W a lk e rt o n O n ta r io , 2 0 08 , p a rt s 1 - 4.YouTube I r aq W ar V et e ra n D an ie l B l an d S pe ak s A tA t la nt a 9 / 11 T r ut h C o nf e re nc eYouTube T ip o f t he I ce be rg , 9 /1 1, J oh n O 'N ei lYouTube Y um i K ik uc hi @ 9 /1 1 T ru th C on fe re nc e i nO sa ka . .. T he C or be tt R ep or t t ra ve le d t o O sa ka i nw es te rn J ap an o n N ov . 1 , 2 00 8 t o a tt en d t he O sa kas e ss i on o f t h e 2 n d 9 / 11 T r ut h I n te r na t io n al C o nf e re n ce .YouTube T he T ru th er G ir l s M ee t R ic ha rd G ag e a nd D r.D . R. G r if f in a t M o nt r ea l A E 91 1 Tr u th C o nf e re n ceA rc hi te ct s a nd E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 t ru th g av e ac on fe re nc e a t U QA M i n M on tr ea l o n M ay 3 rd 2 01 0.S p ea ke r s w er e R i ch a rd G a ge , f o un d er o f A r ch i te ct s a n d

E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th a nd D r. D av id R ay G ri ff in ,t h eo l og i an , a ut h or , a nd 2 - ti m e n o mi n ee f o r t h e N ob elP ea ce p ri ze . T he s pe ak er s w er e i nt ro du ce d b yProfes s or Michel C hos s udovs ky of the C enter for R e se a rc h o n G l ob a li z at i on , w h o h a s a u th o re d s e ve r al

books including Seeds of Des truction (which is aboutG M O f o od )YouTube W MN F N ew s N DA A a nd NY arres t, andOccupyTVYouTube 2 00 3 9 / 11 ( 2 00 3 ) T r ut h C o nf e re nc e - S oc i alI m pl i ca ti on s o f 9 / 11 P r es en ta ti o ns b y J im G ar r is on a ndB y r o n B e l i st o s .

Yumikikuchi blog, The J apanes e vers ion of ZER O will be s hown at the Tokyo Metropolitan Mus eum of P ho to gr ap hy i n E bi su f ro m S ep t. 1 1t h t o t he 2 4t h.Zero/GlobalPeace Z E RO : A n I n ve st ig at io n i nt o 9 /1 1,h a s o n e c e n tr a l t h e s is - t h a t t h e o f f i ci a l v e r s io n o f t h e




w ho j us t h ap pe n t o b e t he r ea l s pi ri tu al c on tr ol le rs o f t he N ew W o rl d O rd er ,Pris onPlanet 2 00 6 T h e 9 / 11 A me r ic a n S c ho l ar sSympos ium concluded in Los Angeles Sunday andw as e xt re me ly w el l r ec ei ve d b y t he t ho us an d p lu s i na t te nd a nc e. A R e ut e rs a r ti c le s um m ar i zi n g t h e e v en t

pres ented a reas onably balanced apprais al of thei nt en ti on s a nd s co pe o f t he c on fe re nc e, m ir ro ri ng a

burgeoning climate of accurate 9/11 truth movement

c ov er ag e. C ha rl ie S he en w as a t t he 9 /1 1 L .A .C o nf e re n ce . . . P u bl i ca t io n s s u ch a s T u rk ey ' s Z a ma nO n li n e, S o ut h A f ri c a' s I n de p en d en t O n li n e, Q a ta r 'sG ul f N ew s a s w el l a s A l J az ee ra a nd I ra n' s T eh ra nT i me s a ll c ar r ie d d if f er e nt v er si o ns o f t he o r ig i na lR e u t er s p i e ce .R T H ic ks N DA A c ri ti c n o f ly l is tTheIntelHub S ep 2 01 0 C or po ra te N ew s R un s 9 /1 1T r u th , A E 9 1 1 Tr u t h C o n fe r en c e P r e se n ts E x pl o s iv eE vi de nc e G ra ve l a nd G ag e w il l h os t a c en tr al p re ssconference at the National Pres s C lub in Was hington,D C, p re se nt in g h ar d e vi de nc e t ha t a ll t hr ee W TC

s ky sc ra pe rs o n S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1, i n N YC w er ed e s tr o y ed b y e x p l os i v e c o n tr o l l ed d e m ol i t i on .

events s urrounding the attacks on 9/11 can not bet ru e. D is se nt i s n ot t er ro ri sm

G o o gl e v i de o Dr . W illia m F . P e p p e r , Keynote Add ress f rom the "9/ 11: R evealing the Tr uth / R ecl aiming Our F utW il li am F . P ep pe r, a n i nt er na ti on al l aw ye r, w as t he a tt or ne y f or J am es E ar l R ay , t he s up po se d k il le r o f D r. M ar ti n L ut he r K int he assa ssi nat ion on M ar ch 10 , 1 96 9, ( th ou gh he r ecan ted th is co nf essi on t hr ee da ys l at er ) a nd was s en te nc ed t o 99 yea rs i n ps uc ces sf ul ly a ct ed f or t he f am il y o f D r. M ar ti n L ut he r K in g, J r. i n a 1 99 9 M em ph is C ir cu it C ou rt t ri al . T he t ri al , Ki ng s v . J ow eC on spir acy T ri al ” r esul ted in t hi s ju ry ve rd ict ; THE CO UR T: I n answer t o t he que st io n did L oyd Jowe rs par ti cip ate in a consa n s w er i s y e s . D o y o u a l s o f i n d t h a t o t he r s , i n c l ud i n g g o v e rn m e n ta l a g e n c ie s , w e r e p a rt i e s t o t h i s c o ns p i r a cy a s a l l e g e d b y t

Rense 2 01 2 9 /1 1 T ru th C on fe re nc e Opens In Tampa To Crowd Of 600 Mainstream MA cr os s L an d L ik e E xi st ed I n N az i G er ma ny T he A so lo T he at re i n S ar as ot o ' at t he l as t m in ut e' b ac ke d o ut ot he at re f or S un da y n ig ht 's s ch ed ul ed p er fo rm an ce . O rg an iz er J im my W al te r s ai d i t l oo ks l ik e a n a ct o f o ut ri gh t

W al te r, t he m il li on ai re p hi la nt hr op is t p us hi ng t he 9 /1 1 t ru th m ov em en t t o t he s tr ee ts , s ai d W ed ne sd ay t he A so l backed out of its pre-arranged deal to host a video presentation set for Sunday, the last day of a five-day 9/11u s t od ay t he y c ou ld n' t h os t o ur e ve nt , p ul li ng o ut a t t he l as t m in ut e s ay in g t he re e xi st ed t ec hn ic al d if fi cu lt ie s, " s ahotel , wher e he i s ki cki ng- off the f ir st ni ght of hi s 9/ 11 t rut h conf er ence cal led "The New Pear l Har bor Conf roTheat re. "I f ound out anot her gr oup i s st agi ng a pl ay on t he same day so i t l ooks t o me l ike i t' s anot her case ot he m at te r t ho ro ug hl y t o f ind o ut w ha t r ea ll y h ap pe ne d, bu t s ti ll wi ll ho ld in g o ur S un day v id eo p res en ta ti on a t tk now n f or sp en di ng m il li on s on t ry ing t o ge t ou t t he " tr ue 9 /1 1 s tor y" a pp ear ed o n G re g Sz ym an ski 's r adi o sh oh ou rs p ri or t o t he o pe ni ng n ig ht o f h is t ru th c on fe re nc e, s ay in g h e w as " s ho ck ed a nd a pp al le d" b y t he l as t m in utf ive- day t rut h t our . " I deci ded on Tampa because i t i s m y hom et own a nd i t' s har der f or t he med ia and ot her swhe re Gen. No rman S chwar zkopf l ives, a per son who I hav e openl y cal led a t rai tor f or hi s st at em ent s ab out I rf ac e m ee ti ng , b ut I k no w he n eve r w il l d o t ha t. " W al te r' s t ru th c on fe ren ce , p res en ti ng c om pe ll ing e vi de nc e 9 /c ro wd o f m or e t ha n 5 00 t o 6 00 W ed ne sd ay n ig ht i n a t he at re t ha t s ea ts 1 ,4 00 , a g oo d t ur n- ou t c on si de ri ng t hea nd t he d is in fo rm at io n c am pa ig n s pr ea d b y t he B us h a dm in is tr at io n, e ss en ti al ly k ee pi ng t he A me ri ca n p eo pl e im ed ia w as a ga in s tr an ge ly ab se nt f ro m t he o pe ni ng n ig ht 9 /1 1 e ve nt , a s s ev er al i n a tt en da nc e r ep or te d n o m ajevent. O ne of the Wednesday night speaker's, Eric Hufschmid, known for his book "Painful Questions" ant o t he c on fe re nce h e w as ho pi ng ev en ts l ik e t he o ne b ei ng s ta ge d a t t he T am pa T he at re wo ul d " fi na ll y w ake u pt o do thei r par t and at l east l ist en and conf ront t he evi dence," sai d Huf schmi d, who was one of t he fi rst t o call ti mp os si bi li ty of t he W TC co ll ap si ng f ro m on ly so le ly j et f uel a s t he go ve rn me nt co nt en ds . " Th er e i s j ust so ma nd t ho se a ct ua ll y t ry ing t o di sr up t t he 9 /1 1 t ru th m ov em en t. I t' s t im e f or e ve ryo ne t o u ni te an d l oo k a t t he r ea lconspiracy accountable." Besides Hufschmid, Walter assembled a group of speakers who at times held the ae sp eci al ly w he n W TC j an it or a nd n at io na l he ro , W il li am R od ri gu ez , s po ke a bo ut h ow h e h ea rd e xp lo si on s i n ts tr ik e. R od ri gu ez , w ho s av ed a t l ea st 1 5 l iv es b ef or e b ei ng t he l as t m an o ut o f t he N or th T ow er , r em in de d t h basement explosions "have been censored by the mainstream media" as well as being completely omitted in theo f R od ri gu ez 's t es ti mo ny , a s w el l a s t he t es ti mo ny o f a t l ea st 2 0 o th er p eo pl e w ho h ea rd t he s am e N or th T ow e




how massive t he 9/ 11 cover -up has spread, leaving Ameri ca essent iall y t o hear onl y a bogus gover nment st or yW al te r s ay s, " co nf ro nt ed w it h t he r ea l 9 /1 1 e vi de nc e. " A ls o s pe ak in g a t t he f iv e- da y F lo ri da e ve nt i s M or ga nI a dm in is tr at io n, w ho h as p ub li cl y c al le d f or a n ew 9 /1 1 i nv es ti ga ti on , a dd in g t he e vi de nc e p oi nt s t o a c on tr ol leo f n um er ou s b oo ks, pr im ar il y i n e co no mi cs , t axe s an d l ab or i ssu es , b ut l ast ye ar s hoc ke d A mer ica , as b ei ng t he9 /1 1 a pp ea re d t o b e t ie d t o e le me nt s w it hi n t he U .S . g ov er nm en t. B es id es R ey no ld s, p op ul ar r ad io h os ts D as pe ak in g p an el , v on K le is t k no wn f or h is v id eo " In P la ne S it e, " w hi ch p ro ve d t ha t t he d am ag e i nc ur re d a t t heRi ley, on t he ot her hand, has focused her r esear ch at tent ion on t he i ll egal use of deplet ed urani um, pr oducing a

behind the cover-up and illegal weaponry being used in the Iraq War. Heather LaMela, a Tampa resident in tabout the 9/11 government story from the beginning, but had been kept in the dark by the one-sided media coconfirmed my belief that there must have been some government knowledge and involvement," said LaMela. "sooner. I guess you can thank the media for that." And regarding the purpose of the five-day 9/11 truth-out,Pr esi dent Di ck Cheney and t went y f our Bush of fi ci al s and f ri ends si gned a cal l i n 2000 f or a " New Pear l Har bw ou ld t ak e " so me c at as tr op hi c a nd c at al yz in g e ve nt , l ik e a n ew P ea rl H ar bo r, t o c on vi nc e t he A me ri ca n P eo plm il it ar y p ow er . T im e M ag az in e c al le d f or " a u ni fi ed P ea rl H ar bo r, s or t o f p ur pl e A me ri ca n f ur y. " H e a dd e9/11 truth tour, planning in the future to organize other similar events in cities across the country, emphasizingadmi nistr ati on i gnor ed war ning si gns about t err or ist at tacks. 2. Why they l eaked classi fi ed i nformat ion to thel ie d u nd er o at h a nd o bs tr uc te d j us ti ce i n a n i nv es ti ga ti on a bo ut n at io na l s ec ur it y v io la ti on s. 4 . W hy B us h a nd t

e xi t s tr at eg y a nd w it ho ut go od r ea so n. 5 . W hy t he R ep ub li ca n a dm in is tr at ion h as cr eat ed m as si ve d ef ic it s, wv et er an b en ef it s, a nd g iv in g t ax c ut s t o t he r ic he st A me ri ca ns . 6 . W hy t he y h av e f il le d v it al g ov er nm en t p os it ioconsequences. Please go to www.arcticbeacon.com for more outstanding articles.

W or l d9 1 1T ru th V i de o L i st T en th B oo k B y D av id R ay G ri ff in , 9 /1 1 E xp lo si ve E vi de nc e, E xp er ts S peon Building 7, Building 7 C ollapse: NIST Reality C heck, Support the Tr oops, Support a New 9/11 Investigat ion, 75% of New

New 15-Minute Documentary You Have To See, New Poll: 48% of New Yorkers Support a New 9/11 Investigation into B uildiC o nt ro ll ed E ve nt ” C on tr ol l ed D em ol it io n E xp er t S ay s, F ac e t o F ac e w it h N ie ls H ar r it , L aw su it S ho ws 9 -1 1 H ij ac ke r W a s O nO ff ic ia l C la im s 9 -1 1 W as U S P lo t, 9 0 P er ce nt o f G er ma ns D o N ot B el ie ve O ff ic ia l 9 -1 1 S to ry , Co ng re ss P as se s A id P ac ka geT he or y W i th J es se V en tu r a, I r aq ’s S ec re t W ar F il es ( Wi ki L ea ks S pe ci al ) , S tu dy s ho ws 9 2% o f A fg ha ns N ev er H ea rd o f 9 -1 1,i n ve st i ga ti o n, U .S . A sk ed t o B e gi n C r im in a l I n ve st i ga ti o n F ol l ow i ng B u sh P ub l ic at i on , “ B ui l di n gW h at ?” A p pe ar s o n G er a ld oGeorge W. B ush Over 9-11 and Ir aq, Noam C homsky: No Evi dence that Al-Qaeda C ar ried Out the 9/11 Attacks, C olorado De

1 1 , E X PL O SI V E I N TE R VI E W: E x pl o si v es f o un d i n W o rl d T r ad e C e nt e r D u st , I n t er v ie w w i th J ef f F a rr e r, N an o th e rm i te P a pe r W oo dwar d say s, M ili tar y Of fi cer and F or mer C IA: 9- 11 C omm issio n Was a C ov er -u p, W it nesses in Def ense D ept. R ep or t SZ ad ro ga 9 -1 1 H ea lt h B il l, A me ri ca ns s ee k p ro be i nt o 9 -1 1, W or ld T r ad e C en te r E mp lo ye e D is cu ss es p re 9 -1 1 P ow er D ow ns ,B ui ld in g 7 , D en ni s K uc in ic h C al ls f or 9 -1 1 T ru th a nd R ec on ci li at io n, N in e Y ea rs A ft er 9 -1 1, 9 00 F ir st R es po nd er s A re D ea d,A nn iv er sa r y, N EW – A ct or s a nd A rt is ts f o r 9 /1 1 T r ut h, N ew B o ok b y D av id R ay G r if fi n: C og ni ti v e I n fi lt r at io n, T he Z ap ru deZ er o f o r 9 / 11 a nn i ve rs ar y; O ba ma t o m ar k a tt a ck s a t P en ta go n , D oc um en ta r y F i lm : S ep te mb er 1 1 R e vi si t ed – W e re E x pl os iv eF il m: D us t t o D us t – T he H ea lt h E ff ec ts o f 9 /1 1, G le nn B ec k: “ I d id n’ t t hi nk I c ou ld h at e v ic ti ms f as te r t ha n t he 9 -1 1 v ic ti ms ”,F ro m A rg en ti na , S an dr a B ul lo ck a nd T om H an ks t o s ta r i n 9 /1 1 d ra ma , G ra ys on s la ms m os qu e ‘ di st ra ct io n’ : T al k a bo ut a dm id eb at e w it h R ic ha rd G ag e a nd D av e T ho ma s, U .S . G ov er nm en t l ie d a bo ut m ol ten st ee l f ou nd a t Gr ou nd Z er o a ft er 9 /1 1, O baZ ad ro ga b il l i nt o l aw , “ Bu il di ng W ha t? ”: L a C am pa gn e l a p lu s i mp or t an te j am ai s l an cé e p ou r l a V ér it é s ur l e 1 1 S ep te mb re , DC om pe ns at io ns , F ir ef ig ht er s R un C ro ss -C ou nt ry t o C om me mo ra te 9 /1 1, W eA re Ch an ge p re se nt s: O ur L iv es P os t 9 /1 1 C on fe rZ er o, I t F el l i n S il en ce : T he C ol la ps e o f W or ld T ra de C en te r 7 , 9/ 11 m us eu m g oi ng u p i n N YC o ff er s r aw e xp er ie nc e, “ B ui ld iH is to ri c 9 /1 1 T ru th B il lb oa rd i n C al if or ni a - E xa mi ne t he E vi de nc e, E x- Ma la ys ia n p re mi er s ay s 9 /1 1 i ns id e j ob - M ah at hi r M ohM ed ia I mp lo de s o n 9 /1 1 - N AS A en gi ne er in g e xe cu ti ve , W ak e U p t he D is tr ic t A tt or ne y W it h 1 ,0 00 L et ter s: W EE K 4 - M an hI raq , F or mer U tah C on gr ess man M er ri ll C oo k S up po rt s 9 /1 1 I nv es ti ga ti on i nt o B ui ld in g 7 a nd t he F AA - M er ri l C oo k, F or me rI nv est ig at ion - W al te r R . P et er so n, Jr ., F or me r C IA O ff ic ial s A dm it T o F ak in g B in L ad en Vi deo , A E9 11 tr ut h p et it io n, A E9 11o f W TC B ui ld in g 7 , K ag an H el pe d S hi el d S au di s F ro m 9 /1 1 L aw su it s, R ic ha rd G ag e a nd D av id R ay G ri ff in i n M on tr ea l: H ugan d G ag e, B om bs hel l: Si lv er st ei n W ant ed T o De mo li sh B ui ld ing 7 On 9/ 11, M ont rea l 9 /11 C on fer ence : D av id R ay Gr if fin onC on fe re nc e M aj or M ed ia B re ak th ro ug h: O ur R es po ns e t o J ou rn al M ét ro , R ic ha rd G ag e a nd E ri k L aw ye r t o S pe ak i n S an R af a“ We ’r e A t a G ro un d Z er o M om en t t o S av e R ea l J ou rn al is m” , Fa bl ed E ne mi es - J as on B er ma s, U S T ow n P as se s R es ol ut io n fC o le en R ow le y: A BC N ew s R ep or t er D oe s a H at ch et J ob , T w el v e N ew E ng l an d T ow ns D em an d N ew 9 /1 1 i nv es ti ga ti o n, W eP re si de nt /C EO W ic k R ol an d, “ Al Q ae da D ea d S in ce 2 00 2″ S ay s E x- He ad o f t he F re nc h D GS E, T he ‘ Je rs ey G ir ls ’ S up po rt AJ as on C h af f et z Q u es ti o ns 9 /1 1 , A e ro sp ac e E n gi n ee r s C a ll f o r a N ew 9 / 11 I n ve st i ga ti o n, R e sp o ns e t o M i ch ae l S h er m er , W e AC on gr es s r ep re se nt at iv es , T he 9 0- Mi nu te S ta nd D ow n o n 9 /1 1: W hy W as t he S ec re t S er vi ce ’s E ar ly R eq ue st f or F ig ht er J et s

Numerous 9/11 Theories Screaming For Inves tigation, Engineer Derek J ohns on Fires Torpedos at the 9-11 Official Story, J e

‘ Fo un d’ B la ck B ox es , I nt er vi ew w it h F or me r N AS A E ng in ee ri ng E xe cu ti ve D wa in D ee ts , 3 rd 9 /1 1 T ru th I nt er na ti on al C on fe rC en tu ry ( PN AC ) , T he F if th E st at e: T he U no ff ic ia l S to ry o f 9 /1 1, 9 /1 1: P en ta go n A me ri ca n 7 7 H ij ac k I mp os si bl e, R ic ha rd G a9 /1 1 P ag er M es sa ge s D is cl os ed , Ri ch ar d G ag e I nt er vi ew s A rc hi te ct J an U tz on , 9/ 11 D eb at e w it h K as so vi tz a nd B ig ar d, F reH ar ri t , F ra nc e 2 b ac ks a wa y f r om r ea l d eb at e, c en so rs N ie ls H ar ri t a nd É ri c L au r en t , T op 1 0 C o nn ec ti o ns B e tw ee n N IS T a ndLaurent, Kassovitz and Har rit on F rench T V, NYC CAN: The T ur ning Point, WeAreChangeLA questions 2001 Nobel P rize




H ar d E vi de nc e D ow n U nd er T ou r 2 00 9 – U nc ov er in g t he T ru th o f t he 9 /1 1 A tt ac ks , S ib el E dm on ds - S ta te S ec re ts P ri vi le ge ,C ha rl ie S he en , No t I n O ur S on ’s N ame - B ob M cl lv ai ne, L oo se C han ge 9 /1 1 A n Am er ica n C oup , Ve rs l a Vé ri té , I nt er nat io na lT he L as t M an Ou t, D av id R ay G ri ff in o n N oam C ho ms ky , Lo si ng t he M or al H ig h G ro un d, A E9 11 Tr ut h M ee ts C on gr es sm anF il m F es ti va l – 5 th E di ti on , S ou th T ow er S mo ki ng G un s: A N ew A E9 11 Tr ut h V id eo b y D av id C ha nd le r, E d M ar ke y, L au gh iS tu bb le bi ne : T ow er s F el l D ow n B ec au se o f E xp lo si ve s, 9 /1 1 F EM A V id eo gr ap he r a t G ro un d Z er o G oe s P ub li c, 2 9 S tr uc tu ra lD em ol it io n i n C ol la ps es o f W TC T ow er s o n 9 /1 1,

NFU compare s izes; 9 / 11 S c ho l ar s 1x, 911blogger 4x, World911Truth 1x, OccupyTogether 4x, FirefightersFor911Truth .5x, b nm S ea rc h t er ms : A la n P re me l, L ar a L og an , C ov er t C om ic , C la nd es ti ne C om ic , S ep te mb er M or n, G ua nt an am o, W ha t t he WC ol on el A nt ho ny S ha ff er , P an ge a P et ro le um , S EC , t an gl ed i nt o d oi ng a d oc um en ta ry o n h um an t ra ff ic ki ng a nd w il l b e b eh in d

T er ro r W it hi n, N ad a P ro ut y, I nt er na ti on al S py M us eu m, W as hi ng to n D . C . n at io na l s ec ur it y w hi st le bl ow er , O n s ta ge a t s amD av is n at io na l s ec ur it y l aw ye r m ar k z ai d w it h a d ip lo ma ti c i mm un it y c om ic a t t he i nt er na ti on al s py m us eu m f or a n i nt el li ge nw it h m ar k z ai ds c li en t s ab ri na d es ou sa w ho i s f ea tu re d i n t he c om ic a lo ng w it h z ai d a nd p re si de nt o ba ma . c am p p ea ry , b ar re tt 5H an k C ru mp to n a nd t he N at io na l C la nd es ti ne S er vi ce . S am ue l g ol dw yn t he at re , h om e o f t he o sc ar s. \ A r ec en t c om ic i d id f of ed er al ai r m ar sh al l a t t he t im e o f 9 11 w ho b ec am e a w hi st le bl ow er a nd h e i s a ls o a f or mer m ar in e a nd n av y s ea l D EVG RU . A la lso at ta ch ed i s a p ol it ica l t yp e c ar too n i d id ab ou t o bam a a nd t he i ra ni an sa nc ti ons wi th a sm ur f p ar od y t he me t hr ow n i n. Al

propaganda cartoons for s yria and iran. I can come out with the pictures later but jus t not now. If you can comment about it ic an b ac k u p a ny c la im w hi le i a m t al ki ng b ut w il l b e d oi ng a n i nt er vi ew o n ab le d an ge r a nd 9 11 a nd w il l t al k a bo ut t he C OG s it he n t oo . a nd m or e f ro m A la n P re me l t ha t w e w il l u se l at er : A ma lg am V ir go , A V0 1, O pe ra ti on M al lg at e, O M0 1, G re en ga te MG ua rd i an , V G0 1 , V ig il an t w ar ri o r, V W0 1, G l ob al G ua rd ia n, G G0 1. 9 11 S al t la ke c it y u ta h, 9 .1 0. 0 1 j ac ks on vi ll e f l or i da , 9 .1 0 .0 1 a ttC on ti nu it y o f G ov er nm en t. P re si de nt ia l D ec is io n D ir ec ti ve , P DD C OG , P DD L ou is F re eh , P ie r 9 3 N YC n er ve c en te r, p ie r 9 3 9 1A tt a o r la nd o I H OP , A tt a c ar n ab y p r em el I HO P, a tt a k ar am m o to r s, a tt a k ar am , a tt a k ar na be , a tt a k ar n ab e s hi p pi ng . 9 11 t ur n er NewsFollowUp.com and Facebook W ik ip ed ia W ha t a re t he c on ne ct io ns b et we en t he ' fi sc al c li ff ' a nd t he 9 /1 1 t ru th m ov em en2 % S oc ia l S ec ur it y t ax c ut i s a ll ow ed t o e xp ir e, t he “ se qu es tr at io n” i s a ll ow ed t o t ri m d is cr et io na ry s pe nd in g, , i nc lu di ng d ef eWikipedia T he U ni te d S ta te s f is ca l c li ff r ef er s t o t he e ff ec t o f a s er ie s o f e na ct ed l eg is la ti on w hi ch , i f u nc ha ng ed , w il l r es ul t icorres ponding reduction in the budget deficit a t t he e nd o f 2 01 2. T he se l aw s i nc lu de t ax i nc re as es d ue t o t he e xp ir at io n o f t ha nd J ob C re at io n A ct o f 2 01 0 and the s pending reductions ("s eques trations ") under the B ud ge t C on tr ol A ct o f 2 01 1. T he C oof r e c e s s i o n dur ing 201 3 i f t he def ici t is r educed sud denly , whi le i ndi catin g t hat l ower def icit s and debt over ti me i mpr ove l oni s p ro je ct ed t o b e r ed uc ed b y r ou gh ly h al f, w it h t he cumulative deficit ov er t he nex t t en yea rs t o be lo wer ed by a s m uch as $7 .f i sc al y ea rs 2 01 2- 2 01 3 i nc lu de a 1 9. 63 % i n cr e as e i n r e ve nu e a nd 0 .2 5% r ed uc ti on i n s pe nd in g . S om e m aj or d om es ti c p r og ra ms

benefits , a re e xe mp te d f ro m t he s pe nd in g c ut s. S pe nd in g f or f e d er a l a g e nc i e s and cabinet departments , including defense, wB udg et C on tr ol A ct o f 2 01 1 wa s p asse d un de r t he p ol it ic al e nv ir onm en t o f a p ar tisa n st al em at e, i n wh ich De mo cr at s an d R epwas thought that the blunt cuts of budget s eques tration and s harp revenue increas es would be mutually undes irable to boththe s ides together to solve the deficit problem. The projected effects of thes e changes have led to calls both ins ide and outs ito replace the acros s -the-board reductions with more targeted cutbacks . It has been s peculated that any change is unlikely to

elections a nd t he e nd o f t he y ea r. A dd it io na ll y, t he d eb at e m ay b e e xa ce rb at ed b y t he e xp ec ta ti on t ha t t he d e b t c e i li n g is exp1] u n l e s s " e x t ra o r d in a r y m e a su r e s" a re u se d. N ea rl y a ll p ro po sa ls t o a vo id t he f is ca l c li ff i nv ol ve e xt en di ng c er ta in p ar ts o f t hC on tr ol A ct o r b ot h, t hu s m ak in g t he d ef ic it l ar ge r b y r ed uc in g t ax es a nd /o r i nc re as in g s pe nd in g.UnitedNationsofFilm v id eo d ir ec te d e ne rg y w tc D r. J ud y W oo d

Research

911Blogger Bali bombings false flag911Scholars Velocity of detonation of nanothermiteAlgoxy Velocity of DetonationAlgoxy n o n uk esFetzer, James, Ph.D. S an dy H oo k T he S an dyH oo k m as sa cr e a pp ea rs t o h av e b ee n a p sy o pi nt en de d t o s tr ik e f ea r i n t he h ea rt s o f A me ri ca ns by the sheer brutality of the massacre, where thek il li ng o f c hi ld re n i s a s ig na tu re o f t er ro r o psc on du ct ed b y a ge nt s o f I sr ae l.Global Research Active Thermitic MaterialD is co ve re d i n D us t f ro m t he 9 /1 1 W or ld T ra deC en te r C at as t ro ph e P ee r R ev ie w o f J on es2006, 2009 thermite, superthermite,nanothermite.TruthMove o pe n a cc es s j ou r na ls , S te ve n J on es

AE911Truth AE911Truth Delivers the Evidencet o t he M ed ia : P re ss C on fe re nc e - N at io na l P re ssClub - Washington DC, The energetic materialt hat was f oun d i n t he WTC dust by aninternational team of scientists (led by NielsHarrit of the University of Copenhagen inDenmark) was r ep or te d i n t he p ee r-reviewed Bentham Open Journal of ChemicalPhysics. I t c on si st s o f n an o- en gi ne er ed i ro noxide and aluminum particles 1000th the size of a h um an h ai r, e mb ed de d i n a no th er s ub st an ceconsisting of carbon, oxygen, and silicon. Thes iz es o f t he i ro n o xi de p ar ti cl es a re e xt re me lyuniform, and neither they nor the ultra-fine-grainaluminum platelets could possibly have beenc re at ed by a n at ur al p ro ce ss su ch as agravitational collapse or the impact of jetliners.




u se d B en th am S ci en ce t o f or t he rm it e c la im . s eeOpen Chemical Physics Journal, Philip Davis,C or ne l U , c re at e d n on se ns ic al p ap er a cc ep t edfor publication through Bentham Science, whichc ha rg es f ee s t o t he a ut ho rs a nd m ak es c on te nta va il ab le f or f re e. H e c re at ed a c om pl et el yn on se ns ic al p ap er f ro m S CI ge n, t he p ap er c it ed

the Center for Research in Applied Phrenology,C RA P. i t w as a cc ep te d a nd p ub li sh ed . f ee w as$ 80 0. a nd s ee video, K ev in R ya n a nd F ra nk L eg ge a re a ls o n am ed i n p ap er , a nd s ee J am esGourley.

Canspeccy blog Bentham Fetzer NewScientist J on es s po of p ap er s ub mi t te d t oBentham Science to test outcome.Heiwaco Help Understanding the plannedD es tr uc ti on o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r T ow er sDebunking the "crush-down progressivecollapse" Conspiracy Theory of NIST

by Anders Björkman ( al so a t E MI , 2 01 3,Evanston, IL)India Publications nano structured materials andenergetic materials.TruthAction MarinesU S M ar in es f or 9 /1 1 T ru thScience.gov measurement methods indetermining velocity of detonation.

Wikipedia A Nano-thermite or "super-thermite"[1] i s a m et as ta bl e i nt er mo le cu lar c om po si te ( MI Cs ) c ha ra ct er im et al a nd a m et al o xi de , u nd er 1 00 Nanometers. This allows for high and customizable reaction rates. Nano-thwhich are intimately mixed on the nanometer scale. MICs, including nano-thermitic materials, are a type of reaas for general applications involving propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics. W ha t d is ti ng ui sh es M IC s f ro m treducing agent, normally iron oxide and aluminium, ar e i n t he f or m o f e xt re me ly f ine p ow der s (nanoparticles).to micrometre- si ze d p ow de r t he rm it e. A s t he m as s t ra ns po rt m ec ha ni sm s t ha t s lo w d ow n t he b ur ni ng r at es o f t

scales, the reactions become kinetically controlled a nd p ro ce ed m uc h m or e q ui ck ly .Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Jones, Steven The f inal cl ass of ener get ic mat eri al pr oduced by sol-B as ic al ly , t he s ol -g el c he mi st ry i s u se d t o c re at e a s ke le ta l m at ri x, w hi ch i s i ts el f e ne rg et ic . S at ch er t hi nk s t ha t imade up of a fuel-oxidizer skeleton with precise stoichiometry (the numerical relationship of elements and cor ea ct io n) . " Th is i s s om et hi ng w e a re s ti ll l oo ki ng i nt o, " h e a dd s. I n a dd it io n t o p ro vi di ng m at er ia ls t ha t h av e h iggel m eth odol ogi es of fer mor e saf e and st abl e pr ocessi ng. F or i nst ance, t he mat eri al s can be cast t o shape or dor eq ui re d b y m at er ia ls t ha t c an no t b e c as t.9/11Scholars.ning F in d a nd d oc um en t p ee r r ev ie we d s ci en ti fi c r es ea rc h t ha t d em on st ra te s t ha t a g as g en er at inoxide (Fe2O3) and al umi num (Al ), where t he gas gener ati ng chemical added t o the nanothermi te i s not i tself aexpl osi ve w it h at l east a det onat ion vel oci ty of 2000 m /s. The aut hor of t hi s paper wi ll don at e $100 f or ever y 1

d oc um en te d, t he d on at io n n ot t o e xc ee d $ 1, 00 0. F or e xa mp le , i f a d et on at io n v el oc it y o f 5 50 0 m /s c an b e d ocOnl y one pr ize wi ll be awar ded i n t he f or m of a donat ion t o AE911Tr ut h, and i t wi ll be awar ded based upon td ocu men ted . T ho se s ub mi tt ing e nt ri es g ran t t he a ut ho r t he r ig ht t o pu bl ish t he ir e nt ri es. E nt ri es m ust be i n t he fw it h t he p ee r r ev ie we d r es ea rc h c it ed , a nd a t l ea st s ca nn ed c op ie s ( el ec tr on ic p df f il es ) o f t he c ov er p ag e( s) a n




a submi tt al of t he ent ir e paper (s) . Ent ri es shoul d be sent by em ai l t o Det onat ionVel oci ty@ at t.net b y June 20, 2J ul y 2 0, 2 01 1.Algoxy To t ur n concret e i nt o f ine dust t ake i mmense pressur es, such as what typi cal ly comes w it h concr et e i nw el l c on ta in ed ex pl os io ns ca n c re at e e xt re me ly hi gh pr es su re s a t s li gh tl y f ur the r d is ta nc es f rom t he d et on at io nsof super fine dust. Thermite buring in the prescense of such an explosion will be extinguished and rendered to po r s up er t her mi te a s p re se nt ed l ac ks p ro pe r p er fo rm an ce s pec if ic at io ns t o s ug ge st u se o f i t at ab ov e g ro un d l evI F t hey h av e s uch s pe ci fi cat io ns b ec aus e e ngi nee re d bl as ti ng c an b e ac co mp li sh ed a w it h a h ig h d egr ee o f p re ci

burning and melting steel having lots of rust, such as basement level column bases, when high explosives detonthermite, with iron oxide could easily be formed, and the thermite extinguished in the process. Perhaps and exp

VeteransToday , B ar iu m a nd S tr on ti um : N ei th er o f t he se e le me nt s s ho ul d e ve r a pp ea r i n b ui ld in g d eb ri s i n t he sfor Barium and t hey never dr op bel ow 700ppm for St ront ium and reach over 3000ppm for both i n t he dust saT ho ri um an d U ran ium : T he se el em en ts o nl y e xi st i n r ad ioa ct ive f or m. Th or ium i s a r adi oac ti ve el em ent f or me dn ot b e p re se nt i n b ui ldi ng r ub bl e, ev er . So o nce a gai n w e h ave v er if ia bl e ev id en ce t hat a n uc lea r f iss ion e ven t hl it hi um w e h av e c om pe ll in g e vi de nc e t ha t t hi s f is si on p at hw ay o f U ra ni um t o T ho ri um a nd H el iu m, w it h s ub se q place. Lanthanum: Lanthanum is the next element in the disintegration pathway of the element Barium. Yttrium:f ur th er c on fi rm s t he p re se nc e o f B ar iu m. C hr om iu m: T he p re se nc e o f C hr om iu m i s o ne m or e “ te ll t al e” s ig na tu

e le me nt a nd s ho ul d n ot b e f ou nd a t c on cen tr at ion s 5 5 t im es n or mal t he ba se me nt o f W TC -6 n o l es s t han 1 1 d anukes.Bentham Open Journal of Chemical Physics Abstract: We have discovered distinctive red/gray chips in all thet he d es tr uc ti on o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r. E xa mi na ti on o f f ou r o f t he se s am pl es , c ol le ct ed f ro m s ep ar at e s it ess ho w m ar ke d s im il ar it ie s i n a ll f ou r s am pl es . O ne s am pl e w as c ol lec te d b y a M an ha tt an r es id en t a bo ut t en m inTower, two the next day, and a fourth about a week later. The properties of these chips were analyzed using o( SEM) , X- ray energy di spersi ve spect roscopy (XEDS) , and di ff er ent ial scanning cal or imet ry ( DSC) . The r edacross which are largely iron oxide, while aluminum is contained in tiny plate-like structures. Separation of cot ha t e le me nt al a lu mi nu m i s p re se nt . T he i ro n o xi de a nd a lu mi nu m a re i nt im at el y m ix ed i n t he r ed m at er ia l. W he but narrow exotherms occurring at approximately 430 °C, far below the normal ignition temperature for conve

clearl y obser ved i n t he r esi due f ol lowi ng t he i gni ti on of these peculi ar r ed/ gray chips. The r ed port ion of t hesem at er ia l a nd h ig hl y e ne rg et ic . G lo ba l R es ea rc h E di to r’ s N ot e T he d ef in it io n o f t he rm it ic m at er ia l: A t ra de ma rkaluminum powder with a metall ic oxide, usually i ron, that when ignited yields an intense heat. The American HeF ou rt h Ed it io n co py ri gh t © 20 00 by Ho ug ht on Mi ff li n Co mpa ny . U pd at ed i n 2 00 3. P ub li she d b y H ou gh to n M ia pyrotechnic composition o f a m et al p ow de r a nd a m et al o xi de , w hi ch p ro du ce s a n aluminothermic reaction kw e a re d ea li ng w it h i s t he m el ti ng / b ur ni ng o f m et al s tr uc tu re s. “ Me ta ls a re c ap ab le o f b ur ni ng u nd er t he r ig htw oo d o r g as ol in e. … A t he rm it e r ea ct io n i s a p ro ce ss i n w hi ch t he c or re ct m ix tu re o f m et al li c f ue ls a re c om bi neh ig h t em pe ra tu re s. ” R ea de rs c an r ea ch t he ir o wn c on cl us io ns a s t o t he f ar -r ea ch in g i mp li ca ti on s o f t he se f in di n broader issue of the 9/11 attacks, their findings have a direct bearing on the likely causes of the collapse of thef in di ng s a ls o q ue st io n t he v al id it y o f t he o ff ic ia l r ep or t o f t he 9 11 C om mi ss io n. B el ow a re s el ec te d e xc er pt s o

text, by clicking the link Complete Article http://www.bentham-open.org/pages/content.php?TOCPJ/2009/0E XCE RP TS I NT ROD UC TI ON T he d es tr uc ti on o f t hr ee sk ysc ra pe rs ( WT C 1, 2 an d 7) on S ep te mbe r 1 1, 2only impacted thousands of people and families directly, due to injury and loss of life, but also provided the moc ha ng es i n d om es ti c a nd f or ei gn p ol ic y. F or t he se a nd o th er r ea so ns , k no wi ng w ha t r ea ll y h ap pe ne d t ha t f at ef ue ff or t h as b ee n p ut f or th b y v ar io us g ov er nm en t- sp on so re d a nd - fu nd ed i nv es ti ga ti on s, w hi ch l ed , i n l ar ge p ar[ 2] . O th er s tu di es o f t he d es tr uc ti on h av e b ee n l es s w el l p ub li ci ze d b ut a re n o l es s i mp or ta nt t o t he o ut st an di ngt ragedy, t o deter mi ne t he whol e t ruth of the event s of t hat day [ 3-10] . A number of t hese studi es have appr oprm at er ia l, a nd o n a va il ab le p ho to gr ap hs a nd v id eo f oo ta ge , a s s ou rc es o f e vi de nc e s ti ll i n p ub li c h an ds , r el at in gskyscrapers. CONCLUSIONS We have discovered distinctive red/gray chips in significant numbers in dust ad es tr uc ti on . W e h ave a pp li ed S EM /X ED S a nd o th er m et ho ds t o c ha ra ct er iz e t he s ma ll -s ca le s tr uc tu re a nd c he

r ed c om po ne nt . T he r ed m at er ia l i s m os t i nt er es ti ng a nd h as t he f ol lo wi ng c ha ra ct er is ti cs : 1 . I t i s c om po se d o f aL es ser am ou nt s o f o th er po te nt ial ly r ea ct iv e e lem en ts a re s om et im es p re se nt , s uch as p ot as si um , s ul fu r, l ea d, bFe, O, Si, C) are typically all present in particles at the scale of tens to hundreds of nanometers, and detailed Xt rea tm en t w it h m et hyl et hy l ke to ne s ol ve nt , s om e s eg re gat io n o f co mpo ne nt s oc cu rr ed. E lem ent al a lu mi nu m b




i de nt if ie d i n t he p re -i gn it io n m at er ia l. 4 . I ro n o xi de a pp ea rs i n f ac et ed g ra in s r ou gh ly 1 00 n m a cr os s w he re as t hThe small si ze of t he ir on oxi de part icl es qual ifi es t he mat eri al t o be char act eri zed as nanothermi te or super- the present in a ratio consistent with Fe2O3. The red material in all four WTC dust samples was similar in this wayw he re as e le me nt al i ro n w as n ot . 6 . F ro m t he p re se nc e o f e le me nt al a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de i n t he r ed m at er ia lt he rm it e. 7 . A s m ea su re d u si ng D SC , t he m at er ia l i gn it es a nd r ea ct s v ig or ou sl y a t a t em pe ra tu re o f a pp ro xi ma tmatching fairly closely an independent observation on a known super-thermite sample. The low temperature ot han 1 20 n m s how t ha t t he m at er ia l i s no t c onv en ti on al t he rm it e ( wh ic h i gn it es a t t em pe ra tur es a bo ve 9 00 °C )

i gn it in g se ve ra l r ed /g ray c hi ps i n a D SC r un t o 7 00 °C , w e f ou nd n um er ou s i ro n- ri ch s phe res a nd s ph er oi ds i n tt emper at ur e r eact ion had occur red, si nce t he i ron- ri ch pr oduct cl ear ly mus t have b een mol ten t o f or m t hese shverified since the iron content significantly exceeded the oxygen content. We conclude that a high-temperatureheated chips, namel y, the ther mite r eacti on. 9. The spheroids produced by the DSC test s and by t he flame testwhich is depleted in carbon and aluminum relative to the original red material. This chemical signature strikingl produced by igniting commercial thermite, and also matches the signatures of many of the microspheres foundthe red material indicates that an organic substance is present. This would be expected for super-thermite formu po n i gn it io n a nd t hu s m ak e t he m e xp lo si ve . T he n at ur e o f t he o rg an ic m at er ia l i n t he se c hi ps m er it s f ur th er e xm at er ia l, i n t ha t t he t ot al e ne rgy r el eas e s om et im es o bse rv ed i n D SC t es ts ex ce ed s t he t heo re ti ca l m axi mu m e nt he se o bs er va ti on s, w e c on cl ud e t ha t t he r ed l ay er o f t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps w e h av e d is co ve re d i n t he W TC d us t i

incorporating nanotechnology, and is a highly energetic pyrotechnic or explosive material. (emphasis added)Wikipedia Be nt ha m S ci enc e P ub li sh er s i s a p ubl is hi ng co mpa ny of sc ie nt if ic, t ec hn ic al , an d m ed ic al l it er at ur eEmirates).[1][2]Bentham publishes more than 116 subscription-based academic journals[2] a nd o ve r 2 30 opeO pe n j ou rn al s c la im t o e mp lo y p ee r r ev ie w;[4] h ow ev er , s om e r ep or ts t ha t a f ak e p ap er g en er at ed w it h SCIg d ou bt o n t hi s.[5][6][7] F ur th er mo re , t he p ub li sh er i s k no wn f or s pa mm in g s ci en ti st s w it h i nv it at io ns t o b ec om eI n 2 00 7, t he B en th am O pe n S ci en ce j ou rn al , T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , p ub li sh ed a s tu dy c on te nd icontained "active nanothermite".[9] Following publication, the journal's editor-in-chief Marie-Paule Pileni resigmy authorization… I have written to Bentham, that I withdraw myself from all activities with them".[10] In a reAdvisor , J ef fr ey B ea ll n ot ed t ha t " in m an y c as es , B en th am O pe n j ou rn al s p ub li sh a rt ic le s t ha t n o l eg it im at e p eeu nc on ve nt io na l a nd n on co nf or mi st i de as a re b ei ng p re se nt ed i n s om e o f t he m a s l eg it im at e s ci en ce ." H e c on cl u

O pe n A cce ss mo de l f or i ts ow n f in anc ia l m ot ive s an d f loo de d s cho la rl y co mm uni cat io n w it h a f lur ry o f l ow q uTruthMarche Di ck C hene y ( of al l peo pl e) wa s a war ded an “ho nor ar y doct or at e” f ro m BY U and B YU Pr esi dinformation leading up to Cheney giving the commencement speech is perhaps worthy of its own discussion, elJon es’ wor k on 9/ 11 m ay know som e of t hese det ai ls . An d, wh il e a t t hi s sam e comm encem ent cer em ony whM cI lr oy , t he n p re si de nt o f t he B YU A lu mn i A ss oc ia ti on , o ff er ed t he f ol lo wi ng w or ds o f p ra is e o n t he R ot hs ch il

P r evi ou s e f for tsJ oi n u s f or G ro un db re ak in g 9 /1 1 A nn iv er sa ry E ve nt s i n N ew Y or k, C al if or ni a a nd M ar y la nd , S ep te mb er 8 -1 2 9/11Truth

F iv e d ay s o f e xc it in g a nd i nf or ma ti ve e ve nt s a re p la nn ed a cr os s t he c ou nt ry f or t he 9 /1 1 a nn iv er sa ry t hi s y ea r, b eg in ni ng i n N ew Y oo f M ar y la nd o n S ep te mb er 1 2.

I n a dd it io n, t he re w il l b e 9 /1 1 e ve nt s h ap pe ni ng t hr ou gh ou t t he c ou nt ry , i nc lu di ng l oc al s cr ee ni ng s o f t he n ew 1 -h ou r v er si on o f o ur – Experts Speak Out, which has jus t been uploaded to YouTube!

O ne o f t he se l oc al s cr ee ni ng s w il l b e a t t he a nn ua l 9 /1 1 T ru th f il m f es ti va l i n O ak la nd , C A, o rg an iz ed b y N CA 91 1T ru th .

T he U ni ve rs it y o f M ar yl an d s ee ms d ed ic at ed t o a ls o e nl ig ht en t he ir a ca de mi c c om mu ni ty a bo ut w ha t r ea ll y c au se d t he d es tr uc ti on bringing in AE911Truth founder R ichard Gage, AIA to s peak to 200 s tudents on Sept 12. See below for more details .

T he se s tr ee t a ct io ns , f il m f es ti va ls , a nd 9 /1 1 s ym po si um s w il l b ri ng A E9 11 Tr ut h t og et he r w it h 9 /1 1 e xp er ts , g ov er nm en t w hi st le bl oc al li ng f or a n ew 9 /1 1 i nv es ti ga ti on . J oi n u s a nd t el l y ou r f ri en ds !

New York C ity, September 8-11




T he e ve nt s i n N ew Y or k C it y b eg in w it h s tr ee t a ct io ns a t G ro un d Z er o o n S ep te mb er 8 , w he re a ct iv is ts w il l d is tr ib ut e D VD s, 9 /1 1 I9 /1 1 T ru th m at er ia ls t o t he p ub li c. S ee G ro un dZ er o9 11 .c om f or d et ai ls .

O n S ep te mb er 9 , G ag e w il l b e o ne o f t he f ea tu re d s pe ak er s, a lo ng w it h E xp er ts S pe ak O ut p sy ch ol og is t R ob er t G ri ff in , C IA w hi st le bM ad se n, b ro ad ca st j ou rn al is t J oe C al ho un , a nd a ct iv is t F ra nk M or al es , f or H ow t he W or ld C ha ng ed A ft er 9 /1 1: A S ym po si um o f C r

New York C ity.

A E9 11 Tr ut h w il l b e d el iv er in g a n ew p re se nt at io n a t t hi s e ve nt c al le d F in di ng t he H er o W it hi n: L es so ns f ro m a 9 /1 1 W hi st le bl ow er .“ em er gi ng p at ri ot ” w ho i s c al le d u po n t o r el en tl es sl y p ur su e a nd s pe ak t he t ru th a bo ut 9 /1 1.

“W e ar e ve ry e xci ted t o g iv e t he n ew t al k t hat w e wi ll so on b e b ri ngi ng t o st ud en ts ar ou nd t he co un tr y, ” G ag e s ai d. “ Th an ks t o a f ef ro m c oa st t o c oa st w il l s ee t he 1 0- mi nu te p re vi ew o f t hi s n ew p re se nt at io n a t r eg io na l c ol le ge s pe ak in g c on fe re nc es t hi s f al l, a nd w

packaged and vital mes s age to their univers ities .”

G ag e w e w il l a ls o b e i nt ro du ci ng a nd s cr ee ni ng o ur 1 5- mi nu te d oc um en ta ry “ So lv in g t he M ys te ry ” w it h E d A sn er s ta rr in g i n t he p ooccur at yet another unique 3-day New York event in the history of 9/11 events, “Pause / Press Play” at the Kraft C enter. Other film“ 9/ 11 D us t: A H ea li ng J ou rn ey ”. T he e ve nt i s a ll a bo ut h ea li ng f ro m t he t ra gi c e ven ts o f 9 /1 1. T o t ha t e nd w e w il l b e a ls o s cr ee ni ng tE vi de nc e – E xp er ts S pe ak O ut , w hi ch w il l b e p re -v ie we d a nd d isc us se d i n t he t op ic “ We N ee d t he T ru th i n O rd er t o H eal ” o n 9 /1 0/ 1o r de r t o p ro m ot e l o ng - la st i ng h ea li n g w it h t h is c r it i ca l i n fo r ma t io n .

New York C ity will als o hos t the 1s t annual Off the R adar Film Fes tival, which runs from September 8-11 and culminates on the anniE xp er ts S pe ak O ut a t t he W al ke r S ta ge . G ag e w il l i nt ro du ce t he f il m a nd a ns we r q ue st io ns f ro m t he a ud ie nc e f ol lo wi ng t he s ho wi ng

W or ld P re mi er e T ou r o f E xp er ts S pe ak O ut .

D at e/ Ti me C it y E ve nt V en ue S ep te mb er 8 , n oo n- 6 p .m . N ew Y or k C it y, N Y S tr ee t A ct io n a t G ro un d Z er o C or ne r o f V es ey S t a nd C huW or ld C ha nge d A ft er 9 /1 1: A S yp osi um o f C ri ti ca l T hin ker s W al ke r St ag e S ep te mb er 1 0, 4 p .m. Ne w Y or k C it y, NY Sc re en ing o f S ola.m .- no on New Yor k C it y, NY Si lent Vi gi l at Gr ou nd Z er o C orn er of Vesey St and C hu rch S t Se pt embe r 11, 8 p .m New Yor k C it y, NYO ut W al ke r S ta ge S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 -1 1p .m . O ak la nd , C A 9 /1 1 T ru th F il m F es ti va l G ra nd L ak e T he at re S ep te mb er 1 2, 7 p .m . C ol le ge P aW hi st leb lo we r U ni ve rs it y o f M ar yl an d, N yu mb ur u C ul tu ra l C en te r T he e ven ts i n N ew Y or k C it y a re b ei ng o rg an iz ed b y M ik e F ig a,other 9/11 Truth activis ts who are dedicated to educating others .

M ik e F ig a e xp ec ts t he se a nn iv er sa ry a ct iv it ie s t o d ra w s co re s o f p eo pl e. “ Th e s ym po si um w il l s ee k t o g o b ey on d 9 /1 1 a nd l oo k a t t h public is getting more receptive to criticis m of the official myth and les s reactionary toward the 9/11 Truth mes s age. The more peop

M or e d et ai ls a bo ut t he a nn iv er sa ry e ve nt s i n N ew Y or k C it y m ay b e f ou nd a t G ro un dZ er o9 11 .c om .

Oakland, C alifornia, September 11

S up po rt er s o f A E9 11 Tr ut h o n t he W est C oa st a re e nc ou ra ge d t o a tt en d t he 9 /1 1 T ru th F il m F es ti va l i n O ak la nd , C al if or ni a, o n S ep te

E xp er ts S pe ak O ut w il l m ak e i ts O ak lan d d eb ut a t t hi s f es ti va l, w hi ch w il l b e h el d at t he Gr an d L ake T hea tr e f ro m 2 p .m . t o 1 1 p .m . Tr es ea rc he r P et er D al e S co tt a nd M ic ke y H uf f a nd P et er P hi ll ip s o f P ro je ct C en so re d. B on ni e F au lk ne r, w ho h os ts t he K PF A r ad io s h

M o re i n f or m at i on i s a v ai l ab l e a t S F 91 1 T ru t h. o rg .

C o ll e ge P a rk , M a ry l an d , S e pt e mb e r 1 2

The University of Maryland wil l wel come Gage on September 12 f or the kickof f of the AE 911Tr uth C ollege Speaki ng Series at the NR oc kc as tl e, F AI A, w il l p ar ti ci pa te i n a p an el d is cu ss io n a s o ne o f o ur f ea tu re d s ke pt ic s t o q ue st io n G ag e f ol lo wi ng t he p re se nt at io n

T hi s e ve nt i s b ei ng o rg an iz ed b y u nd er gr ad ua te s tu de nt M o F ar sh , t he l ea de r o f t he U ni te d Y ou th M ov em en t, a n o n- ca mp us s tu des p e ec h , r e g ar d l e s s o f t h e c on t r o v er s y i t m i gh t s p a rk , ” F a rs h s a i d. “ W e b e li e v e t ha t i t ’ s es s e n ti a l t o f a ce t h e f a ct s a b o ut 9 / 1 1 a nd d e

M or e i nf or ma ti on o n t hi s e ve nt i s a ls o a va il ab le o n t he A E9 11 Tr ut h E ve nt s p ag e.




o r. .. N ew Y or k C it y, S ep te mb er 8 -1 1 2 01 2T he e ve nt s i n N ew Y or k C it y b eg in w it h s tr ee t a ct io ns a t G ro un d Z er o o n S ep te mb er 8 , w he re a ct iv is ts w il l d is tr ib ut e D VD s, 9 /1 1 I9 /1 1 T ru th m at er ia ls t o t he p ub li c. S ee G ro un dZ er o9 11 .c om f or d et ai ls .

O n S ep te mb er 9 , G ag e w il l b e o ne o f t he f ea tu re d s pe ak er s, a lo ng w it h E xp er ts S pe ak O ut p sy ch ol og is t R ob er t G ri ff in , C IA w hi st le bM ad se n, b ro ad ca st j ou rn al is t J oe C al ho un , a nd a ct iv is t F ra nk M or al es , f or H ow t he W or ld C ha ng ed A ft er 9 /1 1: A S ym po si um o f C r

New York C ity.

A E9 11 Tr ut h w il l b e d el iv er in g a n ew p re se nt at io n a t t hi s e ve nt c al le d F in di ng t he H er o W it hi n: L es so ns f ro m a 9 /1 1 W hi st le bl ow er .“ em er gi ng p at ri ot ” w ho i s c al le d u po n t o r el en tl es sl y p ur su e a nd s pe ak t he t ru th a bo ut 9 /1 1.

“W e ar e ve ry e xci ted t o g iv e t he n ew t al k t hat w e wi ll so on b e b ri ngi ng t o st ud en ts ar ou nd t he co un tr y, ” G ag e s ai d. “ Th an ks t o a f ef ro m c oa st t o c oa st w il l s ee t he 1 0- mi nu te p re vi ew o f t hi s n ew p re se nt at io n a t r eg io na l c ol le ge s pe ak in g c on fe re nc es t hi s f al l, a nd w

packaged and vital mes s age to their univers ities .”

G ag e w e w il l a ls o b e i nt ro du ci ng a nd s cr ee ni ng o ur 1 5- mi nu te d oc um en ta ry “ So lv in g t he M ys te ry ” w it h E d A sn er s ta rr in g i n t he p ooccur at yet another unique 3-day New York event in the history of 9/11 events, “Pause / Press Play” at the Kraft C enter. Other film“ 9/ 11 D us t: A H ea li ng J ou rn ey ”. T he e ve nt i s a ll a bo ut h ea li ng f ro m t he t ra gi c e ven ts o f 9 /1 1. T o t ha t e nd w e w il l b e a ls o s cr ee ni ng tE vi de nc e – E xp er ts S pe ak O ut , w hi ch w il l b e p re -v ie we d a nd d isc us se d i n t he t op ic “ We N ee d t he T ru th i n O rd er t o H eal ” o n 9 /1 0/ 1o r de r t o p ro m ot e l o ng - la st i ng h ea li n g w it h t h is c r it i ca l i n fo r ma t io n .

New York C ity will als o hos t the 1s t annual Off the R adar Film Fes tival, which runs from September 8-11 and culminates on the anniE xp er ts S pe ak O ut a t t he W al ke r S ta ge . G ag e w il l i nt ro du ce t he f il m a nd a ns we r q ue st io ns f ro m t he a ud ie nc e f ol lo wi ng t he s ho wi ngW or ld P re mi er e T ou r o f E xp er ts S pe ak O ut .

D a te / T im e / C i ty / E v en t / V en u e

S ep te mb er 8 - N oo n- 6 p .m . N ew Y or k C it y, N Y S tr ee t A ct io n a t G ro un d Z er o C or ne r o f V es ey S t a nd C hu rc h S

S ep te mb er 9 - 1- 8 p .m . N ew Y or k C it y, N Y H ow t he W or ld C ha ng ed A ft er 9 /1 1: A S yp os iu m o f C ri ti ca l T hi nk er s W al ke r S ta ge

S ep te mb er 1 0 – 4 p .m . N ew Y or k C it y, N Y S cr ee ni ng o f S ol vi ng t he M ys te ry o f W TC 7 K ra ft C en te r

S ep te mb er 1 1 – 7 a .m .- no on N ew Y or k C it y, N Y S il en t V ig il a t G ro un d Z er o C or ne r o f V es ey S t a nd C hu rc h S t

S ep te mb er 1 1 – 8 p .m N ew Y or k C it y, N Y O ff t he R ad ar F il m F es ti va l: S cr ee ni ng o f E xp er ts S pe ak O ut Wa lk er S ta ge

S ep te mb er 1 1 – 2 -1 1p .m . O ak la nd , C A 9 /1 1 T ru th F il m F es ti va l G ra nd L ak e T he at re

S ept em be r 1 2 – 7 p .m . C ol le ge P ar k, M D F in di ng t he He ro W it hi n: L es so ns f ro m a 9 /1 1 W hi st leb lo we rU ni ver si ty o f M ar yl an d, N yu

T he e ve nt s i n N ew Y or k C it y a re b ei ng o rg an iz ed b y M ik e F ig a, L es J am is on , D er ek B ro se o f H ou st on F re e T hi nk er s a nd o th er 9 /1

M ik e F ig a e xp ec ts t he se a nn iv er sa ry a ct iv it ie s t o d ra w s co re s o f p eo pl e. “ Th e s ym po si um w il l s ee k t o g o b ey on d 9 /1 1 a nd l oo k a t t h public is getting more receptive to criticis m of the official myth and les s reactionary toward the 9/11 Truth mes s age. The more peop

M or e d et ai ls a bo ut t he a nn iv er sa ry e ve nt s i n N ew Y or k C it y m ay b e f ou nd a t G ro un dZ er o9 11 .c om .

Oakland, C alifornia, September 11

S up po rt er s o f A E9 11 Tr ut h o n t he W est C oa st a re e nc ou ra ge d t o a tt en d t he 9 /1 1 T ru th F il m F es ti va l i n O ak la nd , C al if or ni a, o n S ep te

E xp er ts S pe ak O ut w il l m ak e i ts O ak lan d d eb ut a t t hi s f es ti va l, w hi ch w il l b e h el d at t he Gr an d L ake T hea tr e f ro m 2 p .m . t o 1 1 p .m . Tr es ea rc he r P et er D al e S co tt a nd M ic ke y H uf f a nd P et er P hi ll ip s o f P ro je ct C en so re d. B on ni e F au lk ne r, w ho h os ts t he K PF A r ad io s h

M o re i n f or m at i on i s a v ai l ab l e a t S F 91 1 T ru t h. o rg .

C o ll e ge P a rk , M a ry l an d , S e pt e mb e r 1 2

The University of Maryland wil l wel come Gage on September 12 f or the kickof f of the AE 911Tr uth C ollege Speaki ng Series at the NR oc kc as tl e, F AI A, w il l p ar ti ci pa te i n a p an el d is cu ss io n a s o ne o f o ur f ea tu re d s ke pt ic s t o q ue st io n G ag e f ol lo wi ng t he p re se nt at io n

T hi s e ve nt i s b ei ng o rg an iz ed b y u nd er gr ad ua te s tu de nt M o F ar sh , t he l ea de r o f t he U ni te d Y ou th M ov em en t, a n o n- ca mp us s tu des p e ec h , r e g ar d l e s s o f t h e c on t r o v er s y i t m i gh t s p a rk , ” F a rs h s a i d. “ W e b e li e v e t ha t i t ’ s es s e n ti a l t o f a ce t h e f a ct s a b o ut 9 / 1 1 a nd d e




Other Illinois cities Aurora, Rockford, Joliet, Naperville, Springfield, Peoria, Elgin, Waukegan, Cicero, Danville,B lo om in gt on , Q ui nc y, M on mo ut h, A rc ol a, A rg en ta , D ec at ur , S avo y, R an to ul , B uc kl ey , M t. V er on , Z io n, M t. Z io n,

R ei nv es ti ga te 9/ 11 L at es t 9 /1 1 N ew s S ep t 2 01 2: 9 /1 1 S ce pt ic s I n t he M ai ns tr ea m a s E vi de nc e M ou nt s A s t he a nn ua l 9 /1 1 r em em br

A fg ha n a nd I ra q i nv as io ns w er e j us ti fi ed , a nd a ls o b et we en t ho se w ho a cc ep t W as hi ng to n' s o ff ic ia l 9 /1 1 s to ry a nd t ho se w ho d o n ot .A ns we rs 9 /1 1, a w or ld c ha ng in g e ve nt , r es ul ti ng i n w ar s a br oa d a nd e ro si on o f c iv il l ib er ti es a t h om e. S ep t 1 1, 2 01 2 - " 9/ 11 : A re O uP ro fe sso rs R ic ha rd B . L ee a nd H er b Je nk in s, w il l d is cu ss t he ir c on cl us io ns o f e xp er t w it ne ss es w ho a rg ue d t ha t t he o ff ic ia l t he or y o fC om mu ni ty " A ug 2 8t h 2 01 2 - F or me r M ar in e T o S ue F BI o ve r 9 /1 1 F ac eb oo k P os ts B ra nd on R au b, 2 6, w as d et ai ne d f or p sy ch ia tr i9 /1 1 a cc ou nt o n F ac eB oo k. m or e A ug 2 01 2 - N ew Y or k T im es & C IA C ol lu si on - 9 /1 1 I mp li ca ti on s m or e

Here's the Architects and Engineers Midwest Tour in 2011.....http://www.ae911truth.org/en/events .html#Upcoming_Speaking AE911Truth.org Office

T ou r D at es , L oc at io ns , T im es a nd C on ta ct I nf o 1 ) S un da y, A pr il 3 rd , 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 P M A me s C it y A ud it or iu m 5 20 6 th S tr ee t A me s, I o

2 ) T ue sd ay , A pr il 5 , 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 p m N or th C en tr al T ec hn ic al C ol le ge 1 00 0 W es t C am pu s D r. W au sa u, W I 5 44 01 -1 89 9 L oc al c on ta ct :

3 ) T hu rs da y, A pr il 7 , 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 p m U ni ve rs it y o f W i sc on si n - M ad is on R oo m 1 31 0 S te rl in g H al l M ad is on , W is co ns in 5 37 06

4 ) F ri da y, A pr il 8 , 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 p m C en te nn ia l H al l o f t he M il wa uk ee P ub li c L ib ra ry 7 33 N . E ig ht h S t. M il wa uk ee , W is co ns in 5 32 33

5 ) S un da y, A pr il 1 0, 2 01 1 a t 3 :0 0 p m H il to n G ar de n I nn 1 81 8 M ap le A ve . C hi ca go /E va ns to n, I ll in oi s 6 02 01

6 ) M on da y, A pr il 1 1, 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 p m T he C en te r f or V is ua l & P er fo rm in g A rt s 1 04 0 R id ge R oa d M un st er , I nd ia na 4 63 21

7 ) T ue sd ay , A pr il 1 2, 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 p m L ak ev ie w M us eu m 1 12 5 L ak e A ve . P eo ri a, I ll in oi s 6 16 14

8 ) T h ur sd ay , A pr i l 1 4 , 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 p m C on t in ui ng E du ca ti o n a nd C o nf er en ce C e nt er U ni v er si ty o f M i nn es ot a 1 89 0 B u fo r d A ve . M i

9 ) S at ur da y, A pr il 1 6, 2 01 1 a t 7 :0 0 p m U pt ow n T he at re - V al en ti ne R oo m 3 70 0 B ro ad wa y S t. K an sa s C it y, M is so ur i 6 41 11

10 ) M on day , Ap ri l 1 8, 20 11 at 7 :0 0 p m L awr en ce T ec hno lo gi ca l Un iv er si ty C ol leg e o f Ar ch it ec tu re & De si gn 2 10 00 W es t T en M il e

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63 Documents

C o l or a d o P u b li c T e le v i si o n 911:

NYC CAN NYC C oalition For Accountability Now, new inves tigationo f 9 11

C heney PDAS, P l an n in g a n d D e ci s io n A i d S y st e m u s e d t oe xe c ut e 9 / 11 . belowB r i ti s h i n t el l i ge n c e r e po r t : Mossad r a n 9 / 11 A r ab " h ij a ck e r"

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E d Asner A r ch i te ct s & E n gi n ee r s f o r 9 / 11 T r ut h

9 / 11 W h i st l e bl o we r s p a ge

9 / 11 C I A W h is t le b lo w er M i ke S p ri n gm a n page

9 / 11 C I A W h i st l eb l o we r S u sa n L i nd a u er pageCheney a dm it s t o g iv in g o rd er t o s ho ot d ow n F li gh t 9 3,YouTubeAnnual 9 / 11 T r ut h f i lm f e st i va l i n O ak la nd , C A, o rg an iz ed b y

NC A911Truth.What do As s ange, B radley Manning, Has an (Ft. Hood s hooter),I sr ae l i A rt S t ud en ts , C h ri st ma s u nd er w ea r b om be r ( Um ar F ar o uk A b du l m ut a l la b ) , Z a c ar i a s M o u ss a o ui ( 2 0 th h i g hj a c ke r ) , R i c ha r dR ei d ( Sh oe b om be r) h av e i n c om mo n? F BI p re -k no wl ed ge .

,TheRealNews 9/11 IronMan, NORAD

M os s ad r an 9 / 11 A ra b " h ij a ck e r" t e rr o ri s t o p er a ti o n -

SPECIAL REPORT. J a n 2 01 1

A wl ak i i nf o n ot g iv e n t o 9 / 11 C o mm i ss io n

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Aipac / C heney page Thermite

WMR : C he ne y l ed 9 /1 1 False-Flag attacks with Pentagon

P la nn in g a nd D ec is io n A id S ys te m page

Cheney, B ar ak , O lm er t 9 11 I ns id e J ob

H ow E hu d B ar ak P ul le d O ff 9 11 , B ol ly n pageSibel Edmonds, below

P ol ic yM ic 1 70 0 R ea so ns f or a n ew S ep t 1 1 I nv es ti ga ti on below

Sibel E dmonds, Roland Carnaby, Alan Premel Go to

Sabros ky s ays Mos s ad behind 9-11 page

E rg en ek on d ee p s ta te , f al se f la g o ps page

9 1 1 C o ve r -u p 1 0 0 w a ys , G l ob a l R e se a rc h' Wa r o n T er ro ri sm ' B us h o p er a ti v es p l an t ed e x pl o si v es i n W T CY o uT u be 9 /1 1 F al se F la gSoros page

T he rm it e W TC , F a ls e F l ag I s ra el C h en ey

K i rk V o n A ck e rm a n, w h is t le b l ow er m u rd e re d Global R es earch2 40 b il li on i n covert s ecurities t o f un d a n e co no mi c w ar a ga in stt he S ov ie t U ni onbelow

& B us h K ne w, 9/11 Commission Fraud, Congressional

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E x pl o si v e E v id e nc e , E x pe r ts S p ea k O u t

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9/11 C ommis sion?P l an n in g a n d D ec i si o n A i d S y st e mJ ohn O'NeillM o s s a d

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Planning a nd D ec is io n A id S ys te m, C he ne y, P DA S, f al se f la g a tt ac k S ep te mb er

PROGRESSIVE Reference

9 / 11 C i t iz e ns W a t ch c h al l en g in g t h e o f fi c ia l s t or y o f

9/119 / 1 1 I n d ep e n de n t C o m mi s si o n .o r g911caper 9 - 1 1 C o ns pi r ac y T h eo r is t H it s t h e R oa d…I n f am o us 9 - 11 c o ns p ir a cy t h eo r i st D a vi d R a y G r if f i n,whos e books ins is t the B us h Adminis tration and nota l Q ae da b le w u p t he W or ld T ra de C en te r a nd t hePentagon, is launching a s peaking tour this week toh el p m er g e t h e “ 9- 1 1 T ru t h M ov em en t” w it h “ mo retraditional Peace and Anti-War groups ” agains t the“ i ll e ga l a n d i m mo r al w a r” i n A f gh a ni s ta n .

belowAntiwar "EdmondsReopen911.org petition, books , dvds , news , events911Review E x p o se t h e d e ce p ti o n911Truth C o lo r ad o P u bl i c T e le v is i on t o P r e mi e r eW o r ld T r ad e C e nt e r D o cu m en t ar y 9 / 11 : E x pl o si v eE vi de nc e – E xp er ts S pe ak O ut . .. T ha nk y ou ! R ic ha rd

G ag e, A IA , f or t he A rc hi te ct s a nd E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1T r ut h t ea m, F ra n S hu re f or t he C ol or ad o 9 /1 1 V is ib il it yteam.9 1 1 W o rk i ng G r ou p T h e d o cu m en t s c on f ir ma ss er ti on b y W eb st er T ar pl ey i n h is b oo k 9 /1 1Synthetic Terror that the White Hous e received at hr ea t t ha t " An ge l i s N ex t. " ( Th e A ir F or ce O ne c od e-n am e i s r ed ac te d i n t he d oc um en t) . S ee l in k b el ow :D e cl a ss i fi e d 9 / 11 U . S. S e cr e t S e rv i ce F O IA R e co r dsD es cr ib in g A ct iv it y o f P re si de nt B us h & V P C he ne y

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vers ion of "Operation Northwoods ".AE911Truth S ep t 7 , 2 01 2 A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs f or 9 11 T r ut h ( 1 70 0+ a rc hi t ec ts a nd e ng in ee rs a nd 1 40 00 +s u p po r t er s ) . . . G r o un d b re a k in g 9 / 1 1 A n n iv e r sa r yE ve nt s i n N ew Y or k, C al if or ni a a nd M ar yl an d,

Page Summary, C he ne y, f al se f la g a tt ac k, t o

s ta rt I ra q W arWMR , T h e s u pe r -c l as si f ie d n e tw o rk t h ats er ve d a s c om ma nd a nd c on tr ol f or t he 9 /1 1f a ls e f l ag a t ta ck o n A m er i ca p u bl i ca ti o n,InformationUnderground, I sr ae l d id 9 11Bollyn O lm er t , B a ra k p u ll ed o f f 9 11 , D ovZakheim,

J udge R eggie Walton WatchG l ob a l R e se a rc h L a nd m ar k R u ss i an T V Debateo n 9 /1 1Veterans Today Al a n S a b r os k yWikipedia O pe ra ti on C yc lo ne w as t he c od en am e f o r t h e U ni t ed S t at es C e nt r al I n te ll i ge nc eA ge nc y p ro gr am t o a rm , t ra in , a nd f in an ce t he

A fg ha n m uj ah id ee n d ur in g t he S ov ie t w ar i nAfghanis tan. s earch terms : 1979-1989,P a ki s ta n , C a rt e r, B r ze z in s ki , d r aw S o vi e ts i nV i et n am - li k e w a r, R e ag a n, C h al i e W i ls on ' s w a r,P i ll s bu r y, s t in g er m i ss i le s, I S I, M I 6, S A S, F - 16s ol d t o P ak i st an , H ek ma t ya r , B h ut to , Z i a, P et e r

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name s r e acte n t e ocument . ee n e o w:D e cl a ss i fi e d 9 / 11 U . S. S e cr e t S e rv i ce F O IA R e co r dsD es cr ib in g A ct iv it y o f P re si de nt B us h & V P C he ne y

pdf AboveTopSecret 9 /1 1, w hi ch w as j us t a m od if ie dvers ion of "Operation Northwoods ".AE911Truth S ep t 7 , 2 01 2 A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs f or 9 11 T r ut h ( 1 70 0+ a rc hi t ec ts a nd e ng in ee rs a nd 1 40 00 +s u p po r t er s ) . . . G r o un d b re a k in g 9 / 1 1 A n n iv e r sa r y

E ve nt s i n N ew Y or k, C al if or ni a a nd M ar yl an d,S e pt em be r 8 - 12 . .. 9 / 1 1: E x pl o si v e E v id e nc e – E x pe r tsSpeak Out, which has jus t been uploaded toY o uT u be ! s e e N FU F li gh t 7 7 P e n ta g o n m i s si l e a t t ac k .A m er i ca n F r ee P r es s T h e T r ut h a bo u t 9 / 11 , I s ra el . ..Bollyn O lm er t, H ow E hu d B ar ak p ul le d o ff 9 11 , D ovZ ak he im , b oo k: S ol vi ng 9 -1 1: T he D ec ep ti on t ha tC hanged the World,BusinessInsider A ug 2 4, 2 01 2 F or me r F BI A ge ntSays The C IA F ai le d T o A ct B ef or e 9 /1 1 TerroristA tt ac k . . . S ou fa n w as w or ki ng f or t he F BI i n Y em ena t t he t im e o f t he 2 00 1 a tt ac ks o n t he W or ld T ra deC en te r. H e w as l oo ki ng f or t wo o f t he h ij ac ke rs i n t he

M id dl e E as t b ut t he y w er e a lr ea dy i n A me ri ca ,s om et hi ng S ou fa n c la im s t he C IA k ne w a nd f ai le d t oreport. C ongres s C heck C os ig a n am ed C IA a nd M os sa d a s m as te rm in ds o f 9 11E x tr a do s I s ra el f a ls e f l ag p d as , p l an n in g a n d d e ci s io na id s ys te m, C he ne y l ed 9 11 a tt ac ks , H ow E hu d B ar ak P ul le d O ff 9 -1 1Disinfo J e ss e V e nt u ra i n ve st i ga t es 9 / 11 C o ns p ir a cyTheoriesExtrados I sr ae li D ef en ce M in is te r E hu d B ar ak ( L) t al ksw it h M in is te r o f P en si on er A ff ai r s R af i E i ta n a s P ri me

M in is te r E hu d O lm er t (Global R es earch The Pentagon's "Second 911"" A no t he r 9 / 11 ] a t ta ck c o ul d c r ea t e b o th a j u st i fi c at i onand an opportunity to retaliate agains t s ome knowntargets " by Michel C hos s udovs kyHow911wasdoneInformationUnderground, I sr ae l, 9 11Info-wars s t a te s p o ns o r ed t e r r or i s m , t e a re r i s mJ e ws A g ai n st Z i on i sm is a group for J ews and othersoppos ed to the Zionis t movement and ideology, andt o i ts i mp ac t o n b ot h P al es ti ni an s a nd J ew s. T hi s i snot a religious group, not a racis t hate group, and nota c on sp ir ac y- th eo ry g ro up . J AZ i s a p ol it ic al g ro up ,c o mm i tt e d t o c o ex i st e nc e b e tw e en P a le s ti n ia n s a n dI s r ae l i J e ws .J on es , D r. S te ve n E . J on es , W TC d us t c on ta in eds u p er - t h er m i t e n a n o- c o mp o s it e h i g h e x p lo s i ve ,t h er m at e , a l um i nu m o x id e , i r on o x id e , l a rg e a m ou n ts o f m o lt en i r on f o un d, b lu e s mo ke ,M e ar sh ei m er a nd W al t , t he I sr a el i L ob b y, I r a q w ar i n it i at e d b y Z i on i st n e o- c on J e ws ,OpEdNews The s uper-clas s ified network that s erveda s c om ma nd a nd c on tr ol f or t he 9 /1 1 f al se f la g a tt ac k o n A m er i c a

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C os iga, highes t ranking s tates man to accus e Mos s ado f f al se f la g.

G o og l e G r ou p s

F a ls e F l ag: B ue no s A ir es , 1 99 2, b om bi n gs o f I sr ae liE m ba ss y b l am ed o n I r an a nd H ez bo l la h, s ui ci d e t r uc k d r iv e r, A r ge n ti n e S u pr e me C o ur t p r ov e d t h ey c o ul dn ot h av e d on e i t. an d 1 99 4, f al se f la g b om bi ng o f A M IA J ew is h c ul t ur al c en t er i n B u en os A ir e s, k i ll e d8 5, a ga in b la me d o n I ra n a nd H ez bo ll ah , b ut e vi de nc e

proved otherwis e, ATF s aid no evidence.




J I ST O , e m er g in g t e ch n ol o gi e s, O S D, J o in t S t af f ,T h or n , V ic t or T h or n , 9 11 E v ilv i de o 9 11 M i ss in g L i nk sVillage VoiceA b le D an g er , K u rt W e ld o n A tt a, A br am of f , F lo ri da

Notes : We believe that the conflict in Pales tinecannot be res olved without a return of Pales tinianr ef ug ee s a nd d is ma nt le me nt o f t he Z io ni st s tr uc tu re o f

t he s ta te o f I sr ae l - a nd t ha t t hi s i s i mp os si bl e i n t hec on te xt o f t wo s ta te s a nd a r e- pa rt it io n o f P al es ti ne .We advocate the only approach which can lead to

peace with jus tice in the region: we call for a unitary,s e cu l ar a n d d em o cr a ti c P a le s ti n e, t h e r e tu r n o f P al es ti ni an r ef ug ee s, a nd f ul l a nd e qu al r ig ht s f or P a le st i ni an s, I s ra el i J ew s, a n d a l l o th e r p eo p le l i vi n g i nt he w ho le o f P al es ti ne . J e ws A g ai n st Z i on i sm

management that is focus ed on inves tments inI n f or m at i o n a n d C o m mu n ic a t io n s T e ch n o lo g y ( I C T ),L i fe S ci e nc e s, S er v ic es , a n d D ef e ns e a nd S e cu r it y .W it h o ve r 2 00 y ea rs o f c om bi ne d i nv es tm en t a ndo p er a ti n g e x pe r ie n ce , S C P s u pp o rt s i t s i n ve s tm e nt

portfolio with a rich bas e of s trategic, operating andf i na n ci a l e xp e rt i se a n d a n e x te n si v e n e tw or k t o a c ce s sc a pi t al , r e c ru i t m a na g em e n t, a n d f a ci l i ta t e f a v or a bl es t r at e g i c a l l i an c e s.

S u pe r -t h er m it e , c h ip s d i sc o ve r ed 9 1 1 N e w Y o rk s i te , by Dr. Steven E. J ones , World Trade C enter A ri el S ha ro n c an ce le d h is a dd re ss t o I SR AE LI s up po rtg ro up s i n N EW Y OR K C IT Y j us t t he d ay b ef or e h iss ch ed ul ed 9 -1 1 a dd re ss . T he 1 20 I sr ae li a rt s tu de nts py r in g a ct iv e i n t he U NI TE D S TA TE S b ef or e 9 11h ad a g ro up l iv in g o n t he s am e s tr ee t j us t 3 b lo ck sf o rm M o ha m me d A t taFals e flag notes , keywords , Ottoman Turks conques to f C o ns ta n ti n op l e, i n J e wi s h q u ar t er , Z i on i st t r ic k er yt o g et A me r ic a t o j o in W W !, B a lf ou r D ec la ra ti on ,J ew i sh h o me l an d i n P a le s ti n e, B e rn a ys p r op a ga n dac am p ai g n, d u al l o ya l ty , R o th s ch i ld a nd c l ev er t r ic k t os ta r t m a rk et p a ni c o n N ap o le on W a te r lo o w in , J ew i sh

bombers dres s ed in Arab clothes entered the KingD av id H ot el , k il le d 9 1, b la me d i t o n t he A ra bs , P ol la rdi s a h er o i n I sr ae l, R os en be rg s, L av on A ff ai r e xp os ed ,I sr ae l b la me d E gy pt f or a tt ac k o n U SS L ib er ty , F BIc ou ld h av e s to pp ed 1 99 3 W TC b om bi ng s,ShiaChat co m m en t : A I P AC / p r o- Z i o ni s t l o b by g r o up sa re p ow er f ul a nd d i ct at e U .S . F or ei g n P ol i cy . T h eF ed er al R es er ve i s a c on gl om er at e g ro up o f p ri va te

banks . The C IA formed Al Qaeda and funded ita ga in st t he S ov ie ts . M os t o f t he U .S m ed ia i s o wn ed

by jus t 5 corporations . R upert Murdoch is a Zionis t

J ew w ho o wn s F OX N ew s!W a nt t o K n ow . in f o T o p P o l it i c ia n s, E c o no m i st s , O t h er L ea de rs S ta te 9 /1 1 P os si bl y a n I ns id e J ob Jo b l is t o f F or m er C h ie f E co n om is t u n de r P r es id en t B u sh ,Morgan R eynolds ; As s is tant Secretary of Treas uryu nd er P r es . R ea ga n, P au l R ob er ts ; H ea d o f A dv an ce dS pa ce P r og r am s, D ep t . o f D ef en se , D r . R o be rtB o wm an ; U K M i ni st e r o f E n vi r on me nt ( 1 99 7 - 2 00 3 ),M i ch ae l M ea ch er ; U . S. S en at o r M ar k D ay t on ; U .S .C o n g re s s wo m a n C y n t hi a M c K i nn e y ; R e n o wn e dT h eo lo g ia n P r of . D a vi d R a y G r if f in ; A ss is t an tS e cr e ta r y o f H o us i ng F o r P r es . B u sh , C a th e ri n e

A us ti n F it ts ; 9 /1 1 s ta te me nt s ig ne d b y 1 00 p ro mi ne ntA me ri ca ns , 4 0 9 /1 1 f am il y m em b er s

Wikio Download L o os e C h an g e 9 / 11: A n A me ri ca nC ou p ( 20 09 ) D yl an A ve ry F ul l L en gt h m ov ie i n D VD ,H i- D ef , D iv X , i P od , P D A q u al i ty !W o r l d A r c hi t e ct u r e N e w s

W a y n e M a d s e n R e p o r t April 26-28, 2010 -- T he s up er -c la ss if ie d n et wo rk t ha t s er ved a s c om ma nd a nd c on tr ol f or t he 9 /1 1 f

A pr il 2 6- 28 , 2 01 0 - - T he s up er -c la ss if ie d n et wo rk t ha t s er ve d a s c om ma nd a nd c on tr ol f or t he 9 /1 1 f al se f la g a tt ac k o n A me rit o W MR t ha t a s up er -c la ss if ie d n et wo rk w it h o nl y s om e 7 0 t er mi na ls i n s el ec t U .S . g ov er nm en t l oc at io ns h an dl ed t he p ar al let er ro ri st a tt ac ks t o b e s uc ce ss fu l. . .. . T he " ab ov e t op s ec re t" n et wo rk b ea rs t he a cr on ym " PD AS ." W M R h as n ot y et d il im it ed t o on ly a f ew hu ndr ed p eopl e wit h Sensi ti ve C om part ment ed Inf or mat ion ( SC I) Speci al Access Pr ogr am (S AP) need -P re si dent . .. . On S ept ember 11 , 2 001, PDAS was u sed t o con vey the inf or mati on fr om th e Air F or ce C hi ef of St aff t o t heForce had s ucces s fully intercepted and downed a target over Penns ylvania. It is believed that the "target" in ques tion wasaircraft was in fact the one downed by Air Force interceptors. ... The Air Force C hief of Staff on 9/11 was General John JS ep te mb er 6 , 2 00 1, j us t f iv e d ay s b ef or e t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks . . . . T h er e i s a ls o r ea so n t o b el ie ve t ha t t he P DA S t er mi na l a t t heW hi te H ou se w as u se d t o c oo rd in at e t he a ct iv it ie s r el at ed t o t he a er ia l a tt ac k o n t he P en ta go n. T ra ns po rt at io n S ec re ta ry N or

pres ent at the PEOC at 9:25 am on the morning of 9/11, before the alleged impact of American Airlines flight 77 on the buildi




C heney was awar e of special orders concerning a plane heading toward Washington. Mineta said: "During the time that them an w ho w ou ld c om e i n a nd s ay t o t he V ic e P re si de nt …t he p la ne i s 5 0 m il es o ut …t he p la ne i s 3 0 m il es o ut …. an d w he n i t gs a i d t o t h e v i ce p r e s i d en t ' d o t h e o r d er s s t i l l s t an d ? ' A n d t he V i c e P r e si d e n t t u rn e d a n d w h ip p e d h i s n ec k a r o u n d an d s a i d “t o th e co ntr ar y? " . .. P DAS t er mi nal s a re r ep or ted ly l oc at ed at t he W hit e H ou se, on bo ar d A ir F or ce O ne, t he P ent ag on ,B oe in g E -4 A dv an ce d A ir bo rn e C om ma nd P os t t ha t w as s ee n f ly in g o ve r W as hi ng to n, D C o n 9 /1 1 a ft er t he a tt ac ks , t he D efW as hi ng to n, D C, a nd t he R av en R oc k M ou nt ai n C om pl ex i n P en ns yl va ni a w he re C he ne y h id o ut a ft er t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks . . . .I overheard s omething about 'the orders s till s tand' and s o, what I thought of was that they had already made the decis ion tPDAS was used by C heney to implement on the morning of 9/11 a new policy issued on June 1, 2001 that provided for a "ss ho ot do wn o rd er f or h ij ac ke d a nd s us pe ct ed h ij ac ke d p la ne s. T he n ew o rd er t ra ns fe rr ed t he a ut ho ri ty t o s ho ot d ow n a ir cr af t

P r es i de nt , V i ce P r es id en t , o r S ec r et ar y o f D ef en se . MORE ke yw or ds : s up er -c la ss if ed , t er mi na ls , S CI , S en si ti ve C om pa rt med ow ne d f li gh t 9 3, G en . J oh n J um pe r, S ep t 6 , P EO C, N or ma n M in et a, , 9 :2 5, 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n, 5 0 m il es o ut , " do t he o rd er s s tiD IA , N OR AD , C OC OM M, S TO , U S C en tr al C om ma nd , S ec De f, I JS TO , a ss as si na ti on , M il os ev ic , H ab ya ri ma na , N ta ry am ir a,A u st r al i a, U K, J S SG , S I GI N T, I V Y B e ll s , c o ve r t t e ch n ic a l o p er a ti o ns , B a lk an s , R w an d a, S ep t em b er 1 1 , 2 0 01Extrados I sr aeli Defence Mini ster E hud B arak (L) tal ks with Mi ni ster of Pensioner Affairs R af i Eitan as P rime Minister Ehud2 5, 2 00 8 i n Je ru sa le m. E it an i s w ant ed b y t he F BI f or h is r ol e a s t he sp ym ast er o f J ona th an P ol lar d. O lm er t w as i n N ew Y or k

behind the terroris m of 9-11. ... IT IS ONE HUNDR ED PER C ENT C ER TAIN that 9-11 was a Mos sad operation - period. -Institute, U.S. Army War C ollege .... Ehud B arak, Israel's defense minister, is currently in the United States for a week ofsuspect of being the master mind of the f alse-f lag terr or att acks o f 9 -11. To help underst an d how B ar ak pul led of f 9-1 1 I am prs ho ul d b e n ot ed t ha t B ar ak w as I sr ae l' s m in is te r o f d ef en se d ur in g I sr ae l' s a ss au lt o n t he G az a S tr ip i n 2 00 8- 20 09 . B as ed o n tJ us ti ce R ic ha rd G ol ds to ne , B ar ak i s r es po ns ib le f or a h os t o f w ar c ri me s c om mi tt ed d ur in g t ha t a ss au lt . T he U ni te d S ta te s at he fin dings of that r epo rt. ... E hud B ar ak was pr ime mi nister of Isr ael fr om July 1999 until March 7, 2001, when he was rec am pu s o f t he U ni ve rs it y o f I ll in oi s w he re b ot h B ar ak , t he n p ri me m in is te r, a nd S ha ro n w er e i nv ol ve d, s ho rt ly b ef or e t he e lea nd S har on h ad t rav el led t o C hic ago to ge th er il lus tr ate d th e ut ter f ake nes s o f t hei r r iva lr y. . .. Pr evi ou s po sit ion s he ld b yH ea d o f t he I sr ae li I nt el li ge nc e C om mu ni ty , C hi ef o f t he G en er al S ta ff o f t he I sr ae l D ef en se F or ce s ( ID F) , M in is te r o f t he I nt eF or ei gn A ff ai rs i n t he S hi mo n P er es c ab in et , a nd L ab or P ar ty C ha ir ma n. I f I sr ae l i s i nv ol ve d i n 9 -1 1, a s D r. A la n S ab ro sk y sc er ta in ly k no ws a ll a bo ut i t. . .. W he n S ha ro n a ss um ed p ow er i n M ar ch 2 00 1, B ar ak c am e t o A me ri ca . H e s up po se dl y c aE le ct ro ni c D at a S ys te ms a nd a s a p ar tn er w it h S CP P ar tn er s, a p ri va te e qu it y c om pa ny f oc us ed o n " se cu ri ty -r el at ed " w or k -o versee t he t err or att acks of 9- 11. As a p ar tn er with SC P Par tner s B ar ak was well pl aced t o super vi se the fal se- fl ag t err or oper eq ui re d t ha t t he m as te rm in d o f t he o pe ra ti on b e i n t he c ou nt ry t o o ve rs ee t he c ri ti ca l d et ai ls . . .. O ne o f t he k ey a sp ec ts of or m o f s up er -t he rm it e, a n e xt re me ly p ow er fu l e xp lo si ve p ro du ce d u si ng n an o- te ch no lo gy . I n 2 00 1, S CP P ar tn er s h ap pe ne dc om pa ny c al le d M et al lu rg H ol di ng s, I nc ., w hi ch h as i ts o ff ic e i n W ay ne , P en ns yl va ni a. T od ay , S CP h as a no th er c om pa ny c al

portfolio. AMG and Metallurg s hare the s ame addres s at 435 Devon Park Drive in Wayne. AMG has s everal s ubs idiaries , on( a c ru ci a l c om p on en t o f s up er - th er mi t e) a n d o th er s w hi ch m an u fa ct ur e s pe ci al i ze d c oa ti n gs o f n an o- co mp o si t es . S C P P ar t ne ro wn s c om pa ni es t ha t a re w el l s ui te d t o m ak in g n an o- co mp os it e e xp lo si ve s l ik e t he s up er -t he rm it e u se d t o p ul ve ri ze t he W or l

f ou nd i n t he d us t o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r b y D r. S te ve n E . J on es . . . R af i E it an , t he o ct og en ar ia n M os sa dn ik w ho r anP ol la rd , fl ed to I sr ael af ter Po ll ar d wa s cau ght i n 198 5. E it an was the n o ff er ed t he p osi ti on as head of st at e- owned I sr ael C heU ni te d S ta te s. I n 1 97 8, w he n I sr ae li i nt el li ge nc e b eg an p la nn in g t he f al se -f la g t er ro r o pe ra ti on o f 9 -1 1 ( ac co rd in g t o t he c omM en ac he m B eg in 's a dv is or o n t er ro ri sm . T hi s i s t he r ea l r ea so n t ha t R af i E it an r em ai ne d i n t he I sr ae li s ec ur it y c ab in et u nt il 2 0H an tm an a .k .a . R af i E i ta n . . . A t S CP P ar tn er s B ar ak w or ke d c lo se ly w it h a no th er M os sa dn ik n am ed E i ta n - Y ar on I . E it an .r el at io ns hi p b et we en t he t wo E it an s i s n ot k no wn . R af i E it an w as a ct ua ll y b or n R ap ha el H an tm an a nd r ep or te dl y h as t hr ee c hiEitanF o x N ew s A n i nv es ti ga ti on b y t he F ox N ew s S pe ci al s U ni t r ev ea le d t ha t t he c om mi ss io n i nv es ti ga ti ng t he S ep t. 1 1 a tt ac ks wan d th en dr opp ed agai nst Amer ican -bo rn radi cal M usli m cl eri c Anwar al- Awlaki – the sp ir itu al g uide to at l east t wo of t he hi jh an dl in g o f t he A wl ak i c as e – p ar ti cu la rl y w hy i nf or ma ti on o n t he p os si bl e a rr es t w as n ev er p ro vi de d t o t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss iof or Al Qa eda i n Yemen, i s bel iev ed t o h ave been a men to r fo r 9/1 1 h ij acker s du ri ng hi s ti me as an im am at m osques aro undin the attacks and inconsistencies in his passport, a warrant for al-Awlaki’s arrest was dropped on Oct. 10, the same day he r

T wo s en io r i nv es ti ga to rs w it h t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n t ol d F ox N ew s t ha t t he y w er e a ct iv el y c on si de ri ng w he th er A wl ak i w as pA s k e d i f d o cu m e n t s o n t h e d e c i si o n b y f e d e r al a u t ho r i t i e s t o d r op t h e c h a r g es s h ou l d ha v e be e n sh a r e d , o n e of t h e i n v e st i gt he s am e d ay A wl ak i r et ur ne d i n O ct ob er 2 00 2 d em an de d f ur th er i nv es ti ga ti on . T he re i s n o m en ti on o f t he A wl ak i a rr es t w arf oot no te ab ou t t he cl er ic wh ic h has on e re fe re nce t o an F BI i nt er na l mem o t hat w as c ir cu late d Oct . 8, 2 00 2 – ju st t wo da ys bd oc ume nt s t hro ug h a Fr ee do m of I nf or ma ti on A ct r eq uest in 2 01 0. T we nt y- sev en pa ges wer e pr odu ced f or F ox New s’ i nv esa n e xe cu ti ve o rd er – t ha t t he m at er ia l s ho ul d r em ai n s ec re t f or n at io na l s ec ur it y r ea so ns . . .. . O n T ue sd ay , F BI D ir ec toquestions over the documents from R ep. Frank Wolf, R - Va. “I wrote you concerning the Fox News report about the bureau'sc u st o dy u po n hi s r e tu r n t o t he U .S . de s pi t e an o u ts t an d in g wa r ra n t f o r hi s a r re s t a t t ha t ti m e, “ W ol f s ai d , ad d in g t ha t co m m

News . “C ould you dis cus s why the information was not s hared with the 9/11 C ommis s ion and provide the committee with asai d he r emember ed l ooki ng at the warr ant, which ori ginat ed ou t of Denv er , Co lo., in the su mmer of 2002 a “coupl e of year sa nd c er ta in ly a t t hi s t im e t o b e d on e. ” T he F BI d ir ec to r d id n ot e la bo ra te . “ If t hi s w as n ot p ro vi de d t o t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n, ih ave been not in a f ile, one of the fi les th at we pro vided to that 9/ 11 C om mission . B ut I thi nk y ou wi ll fi nd the 9 /11 C ommi ss

provide them, you know, jus t about everything that we had in our files .” Mueller s aid he would get back to the congres s manA wl ak i’ s m ys te ri ou s r et ur n t o t he U .S . a ft er t he F ox N ew s S pe ci al : T he A me ri ca n T er ro ri st w as b ro ad ca st . “ I w ou ld b e h ap p

provide everything that we had that would be res pons ive to the interes ts of the 9/11 C ommis s ion at the time.” The J us tice DU .S . w as a s tr in g o f c oi nc id en ce s. T he D ep ar tm en t t ol d F ox N ew s i n a s ta te me nt l as t M ay t ha t t he re w as n ot e no ug h e vi de na nd f or me r i nv es ti ga to rs f am il ia r w it h t he c as e h av e d is pu te d t ha t c la im . N ew d et ai ls a bo ut t he c le ri c’ s A me ri ca n l if e a nd h isu p co m in g F o x N ew s s pe ci al . a nd more




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Sonnenfeld video

T h er m it e c ha r ge s s e t up i n t h e sh a pe o f a p l an e ,

A n A lu mi nu m w in g c an no t s he ar o ff s te el b ea ms , p er io d.T h er mi t e s he ar s b ea ms e xa ct ly l ik e t h is .m or e a t W ar O n Y ou

Wikipedia S a ye r et M a tk a l ( H eb r ew : תר ס , ל"כ מ t ra ns la ti on : G en er al S ta ff R ec on na is sa nc e U ni t) i s a n e li te s pe ci al f or ce s u n

c ou nt er -t er ro ri sm , d ee p r ec on na is sa nc e a nd i nt el li ge nc e g at he ri ng , b ut t he u ni t i s f ir st a nd f or em os t a f ie ld i nt el li ge nc e- ga the ne my l in es. S aye re t M atk al i s a ls o i n ch ar ge of ho st ag e r esc ue m issi on s ou tsi de I sr ael i b or der s. T he u ni t is m od el ed on t heD ir ec to ra te o f M il it ar y I nt el li ge nc e. I ts I DF n ic kn am e i s s im pl y " Th e U ni t" . B or ro we d f ro m t he S AS , t he u ni t' s m ot to i s " WhT hu nd er bo lt , c om mo nl y k no wn a s O pe ra ti on E nt eb be , i n w hi ch i t r es cu ed m or e t ha n 1 00 A ir F ra nc e a ir li ne p as se ng er s h ij ac ke ne my c om ba ta nt s w hi le l os in g o nl y t he a ss au lt e le me nt c om ma nd er , Y on at an N et an ya hu , a nd t hr ee h os ta ge s. 3 ] . .. C on t( fo rm er ) S ay er et M at ka l f ig ur es 4 K no wn o per at io ns 5 T he 2 00 3 d iss id en ts 6 S ee a lso 7 R ef er en ce s . .. H is to ry S ay er et M aa f or me r y es hi va s tu de nt a nd P al ma ch f ig ht er , w ho s er ve d a s i ts f ir st c om ma nd er . O ri gi na ll y i t w as p ar t o f t he A ma n U ni t 1 5G en er al S ta ff 's e li te s pe ci al o pe ra ti on s f or ce , 4 ] m od el ed a ft er t he B ri ti sh S pe ci al A ir S er vi ce . M em be rs o f t he u ni t w er e t ra int hi nk in g l ik e a n A ra b. 5 ] S ay er et M at ka l w as a ls o f or me d o ne y ea r a ft er t he I DF 's f ir st h el ic op te r s qu ad ro n b ec am e o pe ra ti oM at ka l t o d ep lo y f or l on ge r a nd d ee pe r i ns id e A ra b t er ri to ry t ha n a ny u ni t b ef or e. . .. . I n 1 95 9, a d ra ft ee n am ed E hu d B at he U ni t 1 01 c om ma nd o L t. M ei r H ar -Z io n i n b ec om in g I sr ae l' s m os t d ec or at ed s ol di er . W hi ls t w it h S ay er et M at ka l, E hu d BOper atio n Isot ope ( ai rpl ane hostage r escue) in 1972 an d leadi ng the 1973 I sraeli rai d on L ebanon. He later pr ogressed in hisr et ir ed a ft er t he e nd o f h is t en ur e i n 1 99 5. I n 1 99 9 E hu d B ar ak b ec am e t he 1 0t h P ri me M in is te r o f I sr ae l. . ..

WMR M ay 2 01 0 A no th er c on fi rm at io n o f c ar b om bi ng a t S ta te D ep ar tm en t o n 9 /1 1 . .. O ve r t he p as t s ev er al y ea rs , W MR place on the morning of the 9/11 attacks. That morning, a car parked on Virginia Avenue, as ide the main State Department bt ho us an ds o f t ex t m es sa ge s f ro m 9 /1 1 t ha t w er e r el ea se d l as t y ea r. . .. W MR h as n ow l ea rn ed f ro m a S ta te D ep ar tm en t s oua cr os s t he s tr ee t f ro m t he S ta te D ep ar tm en t a nd t he l oc at io n w he re t he c ar b om b w en t o ff o n 9 /1 1, w er e t ol d t o r em ai n i n t hea cr os s t he s tr ee t. " . .. T he c ar w as i mm ed ia te ly t ow ed o ff b y s ec ur it y o ff ic er s a ft er t he e xp lo si on b ef or e f or en si cs t ea ms c o




W o r l d A r c hi t e ct u r e N e w s NIST did not even look for phys ical evidence of explos ives . In fact NIST did not look at the physt h e s t ee l . T h e r e st w as d es t ro y ed . Ho w ev e r, p hy s ic a l e v id e nc e di d re m ai n : t h e d u st . NI S T d i d n o t l o ok a t t h e d u st , bu t in d em ic ro sp he re s, t in y r ed -g re y c hi ps . T he y e xa mi ne d s am pl es o f W TC d us t f ro m d if fe re nt p ar ts o f M an ha tt an . A ll c on ta in ed to f u ni gn it ed n an o- th er mi te . O rd in ar y t he rm it e i s a n i nc en di ar y: i t c an b ur n t hr ou gh h ea vy s te el i n s ec on ds . T he t in y p ar ti cl escauses a much faster reaction so it can be used as a high explosive. The discovery of nano-thermite in the WTC dust was pu2009.

CIA T h re at s o f F ed e ra l P r os e cu t io n D e la y 9 / 11 D oc u me nt a ry ,

9 /1 1: P re ss f o r T r ut h.

C IA T hr ea ts o f F ed er al P ro se cu ti on D el ay 9 /1 1 D ocu men ta ry . .. W ed ne sd ay , 1 4 S ep te mb er 2 01 1, 1 2: 30 p m P re ss R el ea se :f re el an ce j ou rn al is ts t o d el ay a n i nv es ti ga ti ve p od ca st n am in g C IA a na ly st s c om pl ic it i n o bs tr uc ti on o f k ey p re -9 /1 1 i nt el li geU S g ov er nm en t p er so nn el , i nc lu di ng R ic har d C la rk e, P as qu al e D ’A mu ro , B ob B ae r, a nd M ar k R oss in i, w ho e ch o co nce rn s o fT ex as ( FF 4) Se pt emb er 1 2, 2 01 1 – On T hu rsday , t he C IA t hre ate ned t he j ou rnal ists be hi nd W ho Is R ich B lee? wi th p ossi blet he n am es o f t wo C IA an al yst s a t t he cen te r of a pat ter n of ob str uct io n and m ishan dl ing o f i nt el li genc e t ha t ma ny f eel wou ldSoufan and Lt. C ol. Anthony Shaffer before them, the podcast team, including J ohn Duffy and R ay Nowosielski, are beingo ff ic ia ls o ve r b lo wi ng t he w hi st le o n t he t ru e s to ry s ur ro un di ng t wo a ll eg ed 9 /1 1 h ij ac ke rs , N aw af a l- Ha zm i a nd K ha li d a l- MiS ep te mb er 1 1t h r el ea se p re se nt s a n ar ra ti ve o f h ow t hr ee C IA a na ly st s w or ki ng u nd er R ic ha rd B le e, t he l on g u nk no wn f or mec ol leagu es an d wi th hel d k ey i nt el li genc e f ro m FB I an d th e W hi te H ous e r eg ar din g th e pr ese nce o f t wo kn ow n Al -Qaed a opi nt o C IA h an dl in g o f p re -9 11 i nt el li ge nc e i nc lu de d p er so na l d et ai ls o f t he t wo C IA a na ly st s a nd t he ir a ct io ns . N ow os ie ls ki aC IA e mp lo ye es f ro m i nt er ne t r es ea rc h b as ed o n d et ai ls p ro vi de d f ro m t he se a nd o th er o pe n s ou rc es . W he n t he p ro du ce rs u sc o rr e ct i on . T h e C I A r e sp o ns e p r ov i de d t h e f i na l c o nf i r ma t io n . . . . I n p r oj e ct u p da t es p o st e d a t S e cr e cy K il l s. c om t h e p r o

background of a complicated cas e that involves dozens of violations of protocol, intimidation, and incidents of obs tructionc en te r o f m an y o f t he m. . . . A ut ho r a nd e xp er t o n t he s ub je ct , K ev in F en to n, d oc um en ts 3 5 s uc h i nc id en ts b et we en J an ua rD ots: H ow 9 /1 1 W as Al lo wed to Happ en. ... Pu li tze r- pr ize wi nn er L awr ence W ri gh t, i nt erv iew ed f or th e po dcast , to ld pre mp lo ye d at C IA am ou nt s to o bst ruc ti on of ju st ic e i n t he F BI ’s c rim in al i nvest iga ti on of th e dea th s o f 1 7 seam an a bo ar d th eg ov er nm en t c en so rs hi p o ve r t hi s c as e. L as t m on th T he N ew Y or k T im es r ep or te d o n C IA e ff or ts t o c en so r a n a ut ob io gr ap hya ge nt . P ri or t o 9 /1 1, S ou fa n w as i nt er es te d i n M ih dh ar a nd H az mi b ec au se o f l in ks t o t he b om bi ng o f t he U SS C ol e i n Y em eM ih dh ar t he C IA h ad w it hh el d f ro m S ou fa n, d es pi te t hr ee w ri tt en r eq ue st s. . .. S co tt S ha ne o f t he N ew Y or k T im es r ep or td el ib er at el y w it hh ol di ng c ru ci al d oc um en ts a nd p ho to gr ap hs o f Q ae da o pe ra ti ve s f ro m t he F .B .I . b ef or e S ep t. 1 1, 2 00 1, d es pt h e 9 / 11 C o mm i ss i on ." . . . L t . C o lo ne l A nt h on y S h af f er , i nt e rv i ew ed f or t h e p o dc as t, w as h im se l f i nt i mi d at ed , d e mo te d a nC om mi ss io n w it h d et ai ls o f h ow , o n t hr ee o cc as io ns , u nn am ed D oD o ff ic ia ls p re ve nt ed h is A bl e D an ge r o pe ra ti on f ro m m ee tD an ge r d at a- mi ni ng p ro gr am p la ce d M oh am me d A tt a i n a B ro ok ly n t er ro ri st c el l b ut h ad a ls o p la ce d H az mi a nd M ih dh ar i nS ta ti on ’s R ic h B le e, T om W il sh er e a nd t he t wo a s y et u nn am ed s ub or di na te s w ho t he ms el ve s r ep ea te dl y w it hh el d i nt el li ge n

C o mm is si on ’s D ir ec to r P hi l ip Z el ik ow a nd s ta ff er D ie te r S ne ll , t he C om mi ss io n l ef t a ny m en t io n o f A bl e D an ge r f r om i ts f i naC ha ir T om K ea n i s a sk ed a bo ut a s ca nt f oo tn ot e t o C ha pt er 6 o f t he 9 /1 1 R ep or t r ef er ri ng t o a n i nt el li ge nc e c ab le , s ee n b y 5 0t he i nc id en t w as n ot a c as e o f b un gl in g o r i nt el ‘ st ov ep ip in g’ : “ Oh , i t w as n’ t c ar el es s o ve rs ig ht . I t w as p ur po se fu l. N o q ue stK ean ex pl ai ns it as a p en ch an t f or se cr ec y, R ich ar d C la rk e, t he f or me r h ea d of co unt er -t er ro ri sm at t he B ush W hi te Ho us e,i ll eg al C IA -l ed d om es ti c s py in g a ct iv it y. C om me nt s b y C la rk e r el ea se d i n a v id eo i n A ug us t l ed t o a f or mal s ta te men t f ro m Gf ro m t he p ro du ce rs . . .. “ Th is w as p er ha ps t he c lo se st U .S . i nt el li ge nc e g ot t o f oi li ng t he 9 /1 1 p lo t, ” e xp la in s N ow os ie ls ki ,o n t wo h ig h- va lu e t ar ge ts f ro m g et ti ng t o t he r ig ht p eo pl e, r ep ea te dl y. A nd s ti ll t he C IA p ro te ct s t he i nd iv id ua ls r es po ns ib le

behind a s hocking and pos s ibly criminal pattern of obs truction” ... In an email Thurs day the C IA warned Nowos iels ki heI de nt it ie s P ro te ct io n A ct , a l aw i nt en de d t o a pp ly t o g ov er nm en t e mp lo ye es w ho v io la te t he ir s ec ur it y c le ar an ce a nd n ev erres pons e: “The Society of Profes s ional J ournalis ts ' code of ethics s tates that ‘journalis ts s hould be free of obligation to any‘be vigilant and courageous about holding thos e with power accountable.’ The day that journalis ts ' expos és of wrongdoingg ov er nm en t a ge nc ie s b ef or e r el ea se , t ha t i s t he d ay t ha t t ra ns pa re nc y a nd a cc ou nt ab il it y a re l os t. ” . .. J oh n D uf fy a nd R ayC o ll eg e F il m S ch oo l, p ro du ce d t he c ri ti ca ll y a cc la im ed 2 00 6 d oc um en t ar y " 9/ 11 : P re ss f or T r ut h. "




m o ni to r in g w ar g am es , r ea li z ed w er e a r us e t o a tt ac k New York C ity, exterminated. Naval operations

o f f ic e rs , N a vy i n t el l i ge n ce ,

D i d A h me d C h al a bi t r ic k t h e t ri ck st er s ( GO P) a nd d el i ve r a S h ii t e d o mi na te dIraq government to Iran's doors tep?

I s ra el i c ab al t h at e x ec ut ed 9 / 11 h av ee it he r l ef t t he g ov er nm en t o r a re s ty mi edi n a ny f ur th er a ct io ns . e x. . .. t he a tt ac k o nIran has s omehow been s topped.T he m ai n s tr ea m A me ri ca n p re ss i sc om pl ic it i n t he 9 /1 1 c ov er - up .W i l l a n e w ' D em o cr a ti c ' a d mi n is t ra t io ntackle a new inves tigation that gets tot he r ea l t ru th ?

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program of R us s ian s tate televis ion this coming Friday, September 12. This no-holds barred, free-wheeling debate, featurinh app ened o n and ab out S ep tem ber 1 1, 2 001 , wi ll be sho wn in co nj unc ti on wi th t he do cum ent ar y fi lm Z er o, p rodu ced and d iP ro du ct io ns i n R om e . R us si an s a re t hu s a bo ut t o r ec ei ve a n u np re ce de nt ed e ve ni ng o f 9 /1 1 t ru th . . .. T he t el ec as t w il l g o o

participants , General Leonid Ivas hov was the commander of the R us s ian armed forces on September 11, 2001 , and has beens tr at eg ic t hi nk er f or h is c ou nt ry , I va sh ov i s c ur re nt ly a f el lo w o f t he S tr at eg ic C ul tu re F ou nd at io n ( fo nd sk .r u) i n M os co w . G ii n B ru ssel s , r ep res en ti ng t he r eg io n ar ou nd A st i i n n or th we st I ta ly . C hi es a h as b een t he l ea di ng sp oke sm an f or 9 /11 t ru th i

prime mover behind the documentary film Zero, as well as the collection of es s ays by the s ame name which has als o attractl at e s um me r o f 2 00 7. T hi er ry M ey ss an , t he f ou nd er a nd l ea de r o f t he V ol tai re N et wo rk i n P ar is , w as o ne o f t he f ir st c ri ti cs osever al boo ks, incl uding 9/11 : T he B ig L ie, and P en tagate. He also or ganized t he Axis f or Peace conf erence i n B russels i n NoWikipedia Sibel Edmonds: ".... on July 22, 2002, Edmonds filed suit against the Department of Justice, the FBI, and several ht er mi na te d f ro m t he F BI i n r et al ia ti on f or r ep or ti ng cr im in al ac ti vi ti es c om mi tt ed b y g ov er nm en t o ff ic ia ls a nd e mp lo ye es . O n

i nv ok ed t he S ta te S ec re ts P ri vi le ge i n o rd er t o p re ve nt d is cl os ur e of t he n at ur e of E dm on ds ' w or k o n t he g ro un ds t ha t it w o be dis miss ed. citation needed] ... On August 15, 2002, a s eparate s uit, B urnett v. Al B araka Inves tment & Dev. C orp., was fi2 00 1 ( 9/ 11 ) a tt ac ks a ga in st S au di b an ks , c ha ri ty o rg an iz at io ns , a nd c om pa ni es . c it at io n n ee de d] E dm on ds w as t o f il e a d ep osf or ek nowl edg e of al- Qaed a's at tac ks ag ain st the W or ld T rade C ente r. ci tat ion neede d] .. . O n De cember 11, 20 03, At tor neyP ri vi leg e, f ile d a mo ti on cal li ng f or E dmo nd s' dep os it ion t o b e sup pr essed an d f or t he en tir e ca se to be d ism issed . T he j ud ge ,




produce any unclas s ified material relating to the cas e. In res pons e, As hcroft s ubmitted further s tatements to jus tify the us e ot oo k t he u np re ce de nt ed s te p o f r et ro ac ti ve ly c la ss if yi ng a s T op S ec re t a ll o f t he m at er ia l a nd s ta te me nt s t ha t h ad b ee n p ro vit o E dm on ds ' o wn l aw su it , a s w el l a s t he l et te rs t ha t h ad b ee n s en t b y t he S en at or s a nd r ep ub li sh ed b y P OG O. c it at io n n ee deP r i s on P l a ne t Japan ese mem ber o f P ar li ame nt Yu ki hi sa F uj ita to ld t he Al ex Jon es S ho w y este rd ay th at a pot en ti al ne w i nv es

parliamentarians he has been in contact with, or even by the United Nations its elf. Fujita, an MP for the J apanes e Democratit he D ie t ( na ti on al l eg is la tu re ), p re se nt ed e vi de nc e w hi ch c on tr ad ic te d t he o ff ic ia l 9 /1 1 s to ry d ur in g a w id el y p ub li ci ze d J ap ai n J an ua ry o f t hi s y ea r. F ol lo wi ng F uj it a' s p re se nt at io n i n t he J ap an es e D ie t, h e a ls o t oo k p ar t i n a 9 /1 1 t ru th c on fe re nc e a t t hw as h os te d b y I ta li an M EP G iu ll ie tt o C hi es a ( bo th p re se nt at io ns c an b e v ie we d a t t he e nd o f t hi s a rt ic le ).O n li n e J o ur n a l s ea rc h K ro ll A me c W TC : D em oc ra ti c U nd er gr ou nd D em op ed ia r ep or ts i n W ho K il le d J oh n O ’N ei ll t ha t a t t h

c om pa ny , a nd s ub si di ar ies M ar sh M cL en nan , A CE a nd K ro ll , w er e r un b y t he G re en be rg f am il y. W it h C ou nc il o n F or ei gn R et he A IG g od fa th er , t he F am il ia ’s t en ta cl es c ur le d a ro un d t he h ea rt o f t he t ra ge dy . H an k’ s s on J ef fr ey , a C FR m em be r a s w el lf lo or s t hr ou gh ou t t he N or th T ow er o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r a s w el l a s t he t op f lo or s o f t he S ou th T ow er . M ar sh a ls o h ad t iw as C EO o f A CE L im it ed , s it ua te d i n T ow er 7 , w hi ch a ls o c on ta in ed A IG s ub si di ar y K ro ll , c lo se ly r el at ed t o t he C IA , a ls o w io ff ic es o f t he F BI , D ep ar tm en t o f D ef en se , I RS ( wh ic h c on ta in ed p ro di gi ou s a mo un ts o f c or po ra te t ax f ra ud c or po ra te , i nc luE xc ha ng e C om mi ss io n ( wi th m or e s to ck f ra ud r ec or ds ), a nd C it ib an k’ s S al om on S mi th B ar ne y, t he M ay or ’s O ff ic e o f E me rgi ns ti tu ti on s. G re en be rg ’s c ou si n, A la n “ Ac e” G re en be rg , w as f or me r C EO o f B ea r S te rn s, w he re t he B us h f am il y, C he ne y f ai s t he l ea di n g b r ok er ag e f ir m o f t he g re at a nd a ll -p ow er fu l B u sh F am il i a.WMR h as r ec ei ve d d oc um en ts s en t t o o ne o f t he p re si de nt ia l c am pa ig ns f ro m L eo na rd D . W al la ce , a f or me r b us in es s a ss oc iat ha t p ro vi de s d et ai ls o f A l Q ae da a nd t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks b ei ng f in an ce d t hr ou gh C it ig ro up / C i ti ba nk . T he d oc um en t s ta te s t hac om mi tt ee t o t es ti fy o n E nr on 's d ub io us b us in es s p ra ct ic es , d ie d f ro m a r ep or te d s ui ci de o n J an ua ry 1 8, 2 00 2. A cc or di ng t of or me r V ic e C ha ir ma n o f E nr on w as p la nn in g t o e xp os e C it ig ro up 's k no wl ed ge o f S au di b an ks , so me o f w hi ch i t h ad a f in an cr es po ns ib le f or c ar ry in g o ut t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks .W a y n e M a d s e n R e p o r t " BA E S ys te ms p ar t o f e ff or t t o c oo k b og us i nt el li ge nc e a ga in st S ad da m H us se in " s ea rc h t er ms : m ob iw ea th er b al l oo ns , B r it i sh M i ni st r y o f D ef en ce s ci en ti st D av i d K el ly a wa r e o f t hi s, ' su ic i de d' , S ou t hm oo r , 2 00 3 , N o r ma n B ak ee qu ip me nt m ov ed i nt o I ra q, B AE -M ar co ni , r ad ar s ys te ms , f ra me -u p, l au nd er ed t hr u M in is tr y o f D ef en se c on tr ac ts , A bb eyr ad ar t ra il er s t o T an zan ia, b ri ber y sc an dal , W or ld B an k, T on y B la ir . a ls o S au di , A l Y am am ah B AE S yst em s ar ms d ea l, R ig gsG eo rg e W . B us h' s u nc le , d ef en se c on tr ac ts g re as e, c am pa ig n c on tr ib ut io ns t o D un ca n H un te r, R an dy " Du ke " C un ni ng ha m,o f U N S ec ur it y C ou nci l R es ol ut io n 5 98 , I raq / I ra n w ar , M uk ha ba ra t, VX a er ia l b om bs, p ar ac hu te -b or n, p re -se t h ei gh t, B il ad ,B ri ti sh , T ur ke y, V al er ie P la me , C IA C ou nt er -P ro li fe ra ti on D iv is io n, s to pp ed s hi pm en t i nt o I ra q, r ea so n f or h er o ut in g . .. " s eeO p e ra t i on G l a di o , s t a y- b e hi n d o p e ra t i on , Wikipedia t e rm s : I t al y , N A TO , C h r is t ia n D e mo c ra t s, c o un t er W a rs a w p a ct , C C WU ,r at li ne s, R he in ha rd G eh le n, M SI , i nt er na l s ub ve rs io n, A ll en D ul le s, C IA f in an ci ng , f ou nd ed b y A ld o M or o, S DR A8 , T D B JD ,f a ls e f l ag o p er a ti on s , s tr a te gy o f t e ns i on , c a rr i ed o u t O p er at i on C o nd o r, D IN A , E ze i za m as sa cr e , M o nt e ju r ra m as sa cr e , T a ks iO rd er o f t he S ol ar T em pl e,J ul y 1 9, 2 00 8 Indymedia V en ez ue la : " Ma j. Wm . B . F ox , C pt .E ri c H . M ay - 1 9. 07 .2 00 8 0 7: 34 A n i mp re ss iv e m ed le y o f m il it ar

t o t he d an ge r o f B us h a dm in ist ra ti on f ou l p la y i n t he u pc om in g t er ro r d ri ll s N ob le R eso lv e a nd D ia bl o B rav o. I nt ro : A n i mp reM ay i n a le rt in g t he p ub li c t o t he d an ge r o f B us h a dm in is tr at io n f ou l p la y i n t he u pc om in g t er ro r d ri ll s N ob le R es ol ve a nd D ia bM aj . W il li am B . F ox D r. Ja me s H . F et zer C apt . E ri c H . M ay S FC D ona ld S . B us we ll . .. . N eo- co ns a nd t he ir a ll ie s a re p ou nH ou se m ee ti ng o n J un e 4 , I sr ae li P ri me M in is te r E hu d O lm er t a nn ou nc ed t ha t w ar w it h I ra n w as a d on e d ea l: " Ge or ge B us hn eed t o v anq ui sh i t, an d in te nd s t o a ct o n t ha t m at ter b ef or e t he e nd o f hi s t er m i n t he W hi te H ou se ." . .. Antiwar In h is J uAntiwar J ust in R ai mon do s ta te s “ The I sr ae li s ha ve al rea dy b een usi ng U. S. bas es in Ir aq t o tr ain f or th e co mi ng at ta ck… Bm ar k o n t he M id dl e E as t a nd t he w or ld .” I n h is Ju ly 1 5 a rt ic le “ A P ho ny C ri si s – A nd A R eal O ne ” Antiwar P at B uchanan wu s i nt o w ar w it h I ra n. ” I n h is a rt ic le , “ 9/ 11 a nd t he N eo -C on A ge nd a” Digg D r. J am es H . F et ze r e xp la in ed w hy t he B us h A da tt ac k t o e xp an d t he f ai li ng w ar i n t he M id dl e E as t. I n “ Fa ls e F la g P ro sp ec ts , 2 00 8” Lones tar Icon C aptain Eric H. May provU .S . 9 /1 1/ 20 01 a nd U K 7 /7 /2 00 5 t er ro r a tt ac ks . A s e xp er ie nc ed m il it ar y p ro fe ss io na ls , i t i s o ur m is si on o f c on sc ie nc e t o p ub lof a false flag attack is high. We face that danger now with several suspicious military exercises just ahead of us. On July 22( WM D) s ce na ri o a t t he R ic hm on d I nt er na ti on al A ir po rt . F or t wo w ee ks w e h av e t ri ed t o g at he r p ar ti cu la rs o n t he t er ro r d ri ll f

been evas ive, refus ing us acces s to pers onnel involved in the WMD-related activities . J uly 28-Augus t 1, a wide array of U.S.m u lt i pl e t e rr o r a nd c at as tr o ph e d r il l s. T he t wo m ai n t er r or d r il l s a re “ No bl e R es ol v e” a nd “ Di ab l o B r av o. ”PakAlert W ar ni ng : W e’ re i n t he f al se -f la g r ed z on e f or 9 11 -2 B T he F t. H oo d p ro ba bl e f al se -f la g a tt ac k ( se e J er ry M az za ’s a rd ec is io n t o t ry ( th e i nd iv id ua l c la im ed t o b e) K ha li d S he ik h M oh am me d, t he 9 /1 1 p at sy -i n- ch ie f. A ll o f t hi s a pp ea rs t o h av er ei nf or ce t he o ff ic ia l s to ry –a n ec es sa ry p re li mi na ry t o a ny 9 11 -2 B. I n o th er w or ds , t he y m ay b e s of te ni ng u s u p f or s om et hi nA me ri ca , B al i, B ar ac k O ba ma , b om bs he ll , C IA , e co no mi c c ol la ps e, e co no mi c c ri si s, f al se f la g, f al se f la g a tt ac k, F or t H oo d, GI ra q, I sr ael , Je ws , K ha li d S he ik h M oh am me d, L on do n, M ad ri d, M id dl e E as t, M oss ad , m um ba i, N AT O, Ne oc on s, P ak is ta n, PU ni te d S ta te s, U SA , w ar o n t er r or , W AR NI N G, Z i on is t




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R iv al c ha in o f c om ma nd Cheney, K ea n e, P e tr a eu s , s u sp en d C y be r C o mm an d , martial law, $ meltdow

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A I P A C R o se n W e is sm a n E sp io na ge t ri al , F ra nk li n c on vi ct ed p as si ng I ra q / I ra n s ec re ts t o I sr ae l

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Cheney B-52 Minot B arksdale nuclear transfer incident, Hillary C linton, DLC , Dov Zakheim

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A f g h a n i s t a n A ft er R u ss ia n p ul l ou t, q ue st f or o i l c on tr o l, I r aq W ar . .. C li nt on . .. C F R, B i de n

9 1 1 i n v es t i ga t i on I ra q w ar , F li gh t 7 7, m is si le a tt ac k o n P en ta go n, P la nn in g a nd D ec is io n A id S y

Reference top

REFERENCE CONSERV

Laila Helms???B u s h, T a l ib a n r e l at i o nsC L A r e se a rc h er o n 9 11

NewsFollowup.comJ o hn s H o pk i ns C e nt e r f o r S t ra t eg i cEducationMUJCA, Mus lim-J ewish-C hristian Alliancef or 9 /1 1 T ru th

NIST National Ins t of Standards and Tech,W T C i nf o

No right ans wers , Public Eye New York Dept of Health, 9/11 victims

s tatis tics B us h s hakes up IraqAdminis tration B a r ba r a K . B o di n e a c cu se dO ' Ne i ll o f h e av y h an d ed i n ve s ti g at i on i nYemen, USS C ole

New York C ommittee for Occupational Safetya n d H e al t h W T C t o xi c g a se s r e se ar c hR adio Is lam no hate, no violence, only oneh um a n r a ce , a n ti Z i on i stR R E links 9/11 r o ug h ly i n c hr o no l og i ca l o r de r Cryptome r e se a rc h s it e o n C I A/ F BI w or k in g sA tt a ck o n A me r ic a

J u st i ce , D e pt o f National C ommi

A t ta ck s Up o n t hw hi te wa sh s im il aGo to pictorial in

NewsFollowUp.cMEMORANDU

COMMISSION

ATTACKS UPO

STATES, THE SCOMMITTEE O

HOUSE PERMA

COMMITTEE O

"Israeli SurveillaH ij ac ke rs a nd F BSeptember 1 1 A tt o "Give Us AdeAmdocs bailed os tudents ' and muk n ow le dg e t o 9 /1




Research:

Independent Commission top

PROGRESSIVE

911PI.com9 /1 1 & C o ns pi r ac y N ew sAnthraxInves tigation.com/ c o mp i l ed n e w s a r ti c l es ,l i n k s, d o c um e n ta t i o nC e nt e r f o r C o o p er a t i ve R e s ea r c hD e m oc r a ti c U n d er g r ou n d , f i n al d o t sDemocrats.com i n ve s ti g at e a n d i m pe a ch B u sh , p e ti t io nFAS 2 0 0 2 C o n gr e s si o n al d e b at eIPPN.org I n d e pe n d en t P r o g re s s iv e P o l i ti c s N e t wo r k

M i k e H e r sh political commentary, impeach bus h t-s hirt Namebase l in ks f ou nd , C . R ic e, L ee H am il to n, J oh n

P o i nd e xt e r , M a r kl e F o u nd a t io n , C o u nc i l o n F o r ei g nR elations , .....

NewAmerican 9 / 1 1 i n v es t i ga t i on r i g g edT h e N a ti o n 9/11T r u t h o u t N a t i on a l N e tw o rk 9 1 1 E m er g en c y, T r ut hCommissionW h a t R e a ll y H a pp e n ed . c om WhatR eallyHappened,9 /1 1 b ef or e a nd a f te r

W MR “F or me r C IA O sa ma B in L ad en u ni t c hi ef M ic ha el S ch eu er t ol d I tal y’ s L a R ep ub bl ica t ha t t he k id nap in g o f A bu O maro f S IS MI ag en ts an d a sse ts h av e b ee n t ied t o th e g ro up , i ncl udi ng F ran ce sco P azi enz a, a S ISM I a ge nt , an d R occ o M ar ti no,u ra ni um d oc um en ts t ha t w er e l au nd er ed t hr ou gh R om e a nd u se d a s p ro of b y t he B us h W hi te H ou se t ha t S ad da m H us se in wthe C IA to s end Ambas s s ador J os eph Wils on to Niger res ulting in a retaliatory expos ure by the White Hous e of the C IA’s

n e t w or k . ” ( M a d se n )

Research:

I s r ae l , M o ss a d, 9 / 11 top

PROGRESSIVE REFERENCE

Anti-war G or do n T ho ma s, 9 /1 1 a nd t he M os sa dPris onPlanet Venezuela, C havez, international 9/11inves tigation,Serendipity C heryl SealW h a t R e a ll y H a p pe n e d. c o m WhatR eallyHappened,9 / 11 b ef o re a nd a ft er

MUJCA, Mus lim-J ewis h-Chris tian Alliance for 9/11T r u t h

BeforeItsNews A me ri ca n j ou rn al is t a nd r ad io h os t M ar k D an ko f A lm os t t wo w ee ks h av e p as se d s in ce t he 1 1t h a nn iv er sa rya re s ti ll t ry in g t o f ig ur e o ut t he h id de n r ea li ti es b eh in d t he “ mo st h id eo us t er ro ri st a tt ac ks e ve r p er pe tr at ed i n A me ri ca n s oi l,D el wa re ’s D is as te r R es ea rc h C en te r. . .. I s ra el ’s i nv ol ve me nt i n t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks a nd t he p os si bi li ty t ha t i t m ig ht h av e b ee ng ro un dw or k t o a tt ac k A fg ha ni st an , I ra q a nd o th er M us li m n at io ns a re a mo ng t he m os t p op ul ar t he or ie s w hi ch t he m em be rs oD an ko f be lie ves t hat th ey we re t he I sr ae li s wh o m ast er mi nd ed a nd p er pet rat ed t he 9/ 11 a tt ack s, an d b el iev es th at t her e’ s ab




1 1t h ann iv er sar y of t he S ept em ber 11 , 200 1 at ta cks, I con duc ted a n in -d ep th i nt er vi ew wi th M ar k Dan ko f t o exam ine hi s v iethe twin towers of the World Trade C enter, the traces of the foots teps of Is rael in the attacks and the reas ons why the Unitea ll -o ut w ar a ga in st t he M us li m w or ld . W ha t f ol lo ws i s t he t ex t o f t hi s i nt er vi ew . s ea rc h t er ms : S ab ro sk y i s c or re ct , M os sa dM ar k G le n, U gl y T ru th , c ul tu re w ar s, S un ge ni s, B ol ly n, S ol vi ng 9 /1 1, n in et ee n m us li ms s ti ll a li ve , b in L ad en . . h av e n ev er b en ev er m ad e t he c as e" , F ac t: T he B BC r ep or te d o n S ep te mb er 2 3, 2 00 1 t ha t m os t o f t he “ ni ne te en M us li ms ” a re s ti ll a li ve . R et h at t he r ea s on b in L ad e n a n d t h e T a li b an h av e ne v er b ee n of f ic i al l y a c cu s ed b y t h e U n it e d S t at e s f o r or c he s tr a ti n g 9 / 11 i s “Laden to 9/11.” Dick C heney stated in an interview with Tony Snow on March 26, 2006 that “We’ve never made the case, ord ire ct ly i nvo lve d i n 9 /1 1. T hat e vi den ce h as n ev er be en f or thc om ing .” R ober t M ull er o f th e F BI ad mi tt ed t he sa me w he n hea s ingle piece of paper either here in the U. S. or in the treasure trove of information that has turned up in Afghanistan and e

1 1t h p lo t. ” C he rt of f, O di go , J ew s, F ac t: S te el m el ts o nl y a t 2 ,7 77 d eg re es F ah re nh ei t. J et f ue l b ur ns n o h ot te r t ha n 1 ,5 17 d eC en te r b ui ld in gs , b ar ri ng e xp lo si ve s a nd t he rm it e t ha t c ou ld b ur n h ot te r t ha n j et f ue l. S tr on g c ir cu ms ta nt ia l e vi de nc e s ug ge sa pp li ed t o l ar ge s ec ti on s o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r.

Victims Groups top

PROGRESSIVE REFERENCE

911CitizensWatch u n a n sw e r ed q u e st i o n s, t i m e li n ePeaceful Tomorrows T u rn in g o ur g ri ef i nt o a ct io n f or

peacePris onPlanet Venezuela, C havez, international 9/11inves tigation,

9 1 1 I n d ep e nd e nt C o m mi s si o n u p d at e d i n f o, m e m be r s,timelineV oi ce s o f S ep te mb er 1 1 n e ws , c a le n da r , f i n an c ia l &legal is s ues

W T C R e sc u e W o rk e rs P r ob l em s top

PROGRESSIVE REFERENCEC e nt e r f o r C o o p er a t i ve R e s ea r c h911CitizensWatch u n a n sw e r ed q u e st i o n s, t i m e li n eP l an e t A r k

9 1 1 I n d ep e nd e nt C o m mi s si o n u p d at e d i n f o, m e m be r s,timeline

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9 / 1 1 I n v es t i g at i o nA b le D a ng e r, K u rt W e ld o nF li gh t 7 7, P en ta go n 9 /1 1International Inves tigationsJ udge R eggie Walton WatchS i be l E d mo n ds

' W ar o n T e rr o ri s m'a nd s ee a r ti c le : FreedomForum A IP AC / S ib elF e tz e r w a s F o xe dF ox N ew s S pi n A tt ac k E nd s W it h R ed -F ac ed A nc ho rs 9 /1 1 t ru th s ch ol ar F et ze r a nt ic ip at ed s la nt o f H an ni ty a nd C ol me s s po t

P au l J os ep h W a ts on /P r is on P l an et . co m | J ul y 1 1 2 00 6

Fo x N ews' ta ct ic of ma pp ing o ut a sp in an d at tack po lic y f or g ue sts w ho se st an ce t hey d is ag re e wi th wa s spo tli ght ed an d de fla ted r eC ol me s a nd O li ve r N or th r ed -f ac ed a ft er h e e xp os ed t he m a nd F ox p ro du ce rs f or n ot h av in g d on e t he ir h om ew or k.

F et ze r c al le d t he a pp ea ra nc e, " pe rh ap s t he m os t i nt er es ti ng f ou r a nd a h al f m in ut es o f m y l if e. " F et ze r d es cr ib ed h ow i n a p re -i nt er val ter nat ive th eo ri es b eh ind 9/ 11 as a c ol le ge c ou rse. F et ze r was k ee n t o st re ss t ha t h e t au gh t a co ur se on cr it ical t hi nki ng b ut n ot a cu nd er st an d t he s pi n t ha t F ox w er e p re pa ri ng t o p ut o n t he i nt er vi ew .

F et ze r w as t he n t ol d t ha t S ea n H an ni ty h ad b ee n r ep la ce d b y C ol on el O li ve r N or th f or t he s ho w. " Be ca us e I 'm a f or me r M ar in e C oC ol onel an d I w ou ld hav e a ver y cor di al M ar in e t o M ari ne con ve rsat ion ," s ai d F et zer . "W hen I sai d t his t o m y wi fe she sa id ' do n' t

Fe tz er wa s p icked up b y a F ox li mo and o nl y ar ri ved a t t he st ud io a ft er th e pr ogr am h ad st ar te d. H e i nsist ed t hat a T V be t ur ne d on ihi s i nt er vi ew. "F iv e m inu tes b ef or e I g o o n I ca tch t hei r d ri ft w hi ch i s t he y' re g oi ng t o t al k a bo ut a p ro fess or w ho i s us in g h is cl asschi ldr en ." " Dur ing t hat f ive mi nut es it occ ur red t o me t ha t I w as goi ng to b e ab le t o ex pl od e t his on e way o r an ot her - th at I wo ul d t

packed hous e at the L.A. 9/11 Sympos ium.

"W hat t he y wer e do in g was say in g I w as t ea chi ng o ur chi ldr en - I wa s o ff er in g a cou rse o n 9/ 11 - an d th e way t he y wer e def ini ng itor equivalent course." Fetzer was able to prepare to bite back at the attack dogs by exposing the fact that Fox had not done its homa sp ec t o f t he t op ic t ha t t he y h ad c om pl et el y d re am t u p. " Th ey w er e a tt ac ki ng m e f or a n on -e xi st en t c ou rs e, s ai d F et ze r. " " Th er e wn ai l m e f or h av in g t au gh t. " F et ze r w as a bl e t o e mb ar ra ss C ol me s a nd N or th w ho c ut t he i nt er vi ew s ho rt b ec au se t he ir a tt ac k s tr at eg

"T he fi rst qu est io n o ut of C ol me s mo ut h wa s ' is t hi s a r equ ir ed co ur se ?' - a nd I ha d to exp lai n t o hi m t ha t he h ad h is f act s F oxed ," sk ne w t he y k ne w t he y h ad m ad e a m is ta ke b ut I w as n' t t he re t o a rg ue t he ir c as e. " N or th a nd C ol me s q ui ck ly c ha ng ed t he ir t on e a ft eh or r ib le l i be ra l l i es ' a pp ro ac h h ad f a il ed .




"W he n t hey t ri ed t o p ut m e o n t he sp ot a ft er t he y r eal ize d t hey h ad co mmi tt ed a m is tak e - wh en th ey t ri ed to p ut m e on t he s po t ab oh ow t he t ow er s h ad c om e d ow n b y c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n - h ow t he F BI w as a ss er ti ng t ha t t he y h ad n o h ar d e vi de nc e t yi ng O sa ma b

A ft er C ol me s a sk ed i f t he re w as a ny h ar d e vi de nc e t yi ng a ny B us h a dm in is tr at io n m em be rs t o 9 /1 1, F et ze r r el at ed t he s to ry o f N ornothing as Flight 77 hurtled towards the Pentagon.

" Th is w as w he n O ll ie s ta rt ed g et ti ng a l it tl e n er vo us a nd h e a sk s h ow m an y t he re a re i n y ou r o rg an iz at io n - w he n h e h ea rd t he re w era ca de mi c a ff il ia ti on s - i t t oo k s o m uc h w in d o ut o f t he ir s ai ls t ha t t he y t ri ed t o c ut i t o ff a s q ui ck ly a s t he y c ou ld ," s ai d F et ze r. F et zec o n c er n e d a b o u t w h e t he r h e w a s t e a c hi n g th e i nf o r m a ti o n to h i s s t u d en t s t h a n i n q u i ri n g ab o u t t h e ev i d e nc e b eh i n d 9 / 1 1 b e i n g a n i

T he i nt er vi ew w as qu ic kl y c an ned a nd - a s wi th t he m uch v au nt ed P ent ag on t ape t hat w as h er al de d t o ' sh ut u p 9 /11 c on spi ra cy t het ur ne d i nt o a r ed -f ac ed d eb ac le a nd a m or al v ic to ry f or t he 9 /1 1 t ru th m ov em en t.

W at ch J im F et ze r d is cu ss h is F ox a pp ea ra nc e a nd p re se nt a h ig h- qu al it y 7 8 m in ut e i ll us tr at ed d is cu ss io n o n t he c ol la ps e o f t he t wiC l ic k h e re t o s ub sc r ib e a nd e nj o y a m u lt i tu d e o f e x cl us i ve m em be r sh i p b en ef i ts .

www.americanfreedomnews.com/afn_articles/bushsecrets.htm

P resi den t B us h r ec en tl y si gne d a n ex ec uti ve o rde r to f ree ze t he US f in an ci al as set s o f co rpo rat io ns d oi ng bu si ness w ith Os am a bi nf ou nd at io n o f t he g lo ba l t er ro r n et wo rk .” " I f y ou d o b us in es s w it h t er ro ri st s, i f y ou s up po rt o r s uc co r t he m, y ou w il l n ot d o b us in e

s ay anything about doing bus ines s with a terroris t’s brother - or his wealthy financier.

W he n P re si de nt G eo rg e W . B us h f ro ze a ss et s c on ne ct ed t o O sa ma b in L ad en , h e d id n’ t t el l t he A me ri ca n p eo pl e t ha t t he t er ro ri stf or mer o il b usi ness i n T ex as . H e al so ha sn ’t l eve led wi th t he Am er ic an pu bl ic ab ou t hi s f in an ci al c on nec tio ns t o a h ost of sh ad y St e r r or i s t n e t wo r k s.

D oi ng b us in es s w it h t he e ne my i s n ot hi ng n ew t o t he B us h f am il y. M uc h o f t he B us h f am il y w ea lt h c am e f ro m s up pl yi ng n ee de d r a bus ines s operations managed by Pres cott B us h - the pres ident’s grandfather - were s eized by the US government during World W

On Oc to be r 2 0, 1 94 2, t he f ed er al g ov er nm en t se iz ed t he U ni on B an ki ng C or po ra ti on i n N ew Y or k C it y a s a f ro nt o pe ra ti on f or t he Nt wo B us h a ss oc ia te s, a nd t hr ee N az i e xe cu ti ve s o wn ed t he b an k’ s s ha re s. E ig ht d ay s l at er , t he R oo se ve lt a dm in is tr at io n s ei ze d t woA me ri ca n T ra di ng C or po ra ti on a nd t he S ea ml es s S te el E qu ip me nt C or po ra ti on , b ot h m an ag ed b y t he B us h- Ha rr im an b an k, w er e a c

o rg an i za ti on s f o r H it l er ’ s T h ir d R e ic h. A ga in , o n N ov em be r 8 , 1 9 42 , t h e f ed er a l g o ve rn me nt s ei z ed N az i- co n tr o ll ed a ss et s o f S i le si ad o in g b u si n es s w i th H i tl e r.

Doing business with the bin Laden empire, therefore, is only the lates t extension of the B ush family’s financial ties to unsavory incitizens have died in terrorist attacks and the nation is going to war, the American people should know about George W. B ush’s rel

Salem bin Laden, Osama’s older brother, was an investor in Arbusto Energy. - the Texas oil company started by George W. B ush.a n a ir pl an e c ra sh i n T ex as i n 1 98 8.

S he ik M oh am me d b in L ad en , t he f am il y p at ri ar ch a nd f ou nd er o f i ts c on st ru ct io n e mp ir e, a ls o d ie d i n a p la ne c ra sh . U po n h is d ea thh e s ir ed w it h 1 2 w iv es i n S au di A ra bi a, S yr ia , L eb an on , a nd J or da n. A bo ut a d oz en b ro th er s m an ag e B in L ad en B ro th er s C on st ru ct

Fr esh o ut of Har var d B usi ness S cho ol, yo un g Ge or ge W . B ush r etu rne d t o M idl an d, T X, i n t he la te 1 97 0s t o f ol lo w hi s f at her ’s f oo

s er ie s o f l im it ed p ar tn er sh ip s - A rb us to ’ 78 , A rb us to ’ 79 , a nd s o o n - t o d ri ll f or o il .

O ne o f P re si de nt B us h’ s e ar li es t f in an ci al b ac ke rs w as J am es B at h, a H ou st on a ir cr af t b ro ke r. B at h s er ve d w it h P re si de nt B us h i n t hconnection to the C entral Intelligence Agency.

A cc or di ng t o a 1 97 6 t ru st a gr ee me nt , S al em b in L ad en a pp oi nt ed J am es B at h a s h is b us in es s r ep re se nt at iv e i n H ou st on . R ev el at io ne mp ir e a nd t he C IA w as m ad e p ub li c i n 1 99 2 b y B il l W hi te , a f or me r r ea l e st at e b us in es s p ar tn er w it h B at h. W hi te i nf or me d f ed er alt he C IA i n a l ia is on r ol e s in ce 1 97 6 - t he s am e y ea r f or me r P re si de nt G eo rg e H er be rt W al ke r B us h s er ve d a s d ir ec to r o f t he C IA .

D ur in g a b it te r l eg al f ig ht b et we en W hi te a nd B at h, t he r ea l e st at e p ar tn er d is cl os ed t ha t B at h m an ag ed a p or tf ol io w or th m il li on s oS au di s. A mo ng t he i nv es tm en ts m ad e b y B at h w it h M ah fo uz ’s m on ey w as t he H ou st on G ul f A ir po rt .

A p ow er fu l b an ke r i n S au di A ra bi a, M ah fo uz w as o ne o f t he l ar ge st s to ck ho ld er s i n t he B an k o f C re di t a nd C om me rc e I nt er na ti on al .n at io ns a nd w as a m aj or f in an ci al a nd p ol it ic al f or ce i n W as hi ng to n, P ar is , G en ev a, L on do n, a nd H on g K on g. D es pi te t he a pp ea ra ni nt er na ti on al c ri me s yn di ca te p ro vi di ng “ ba nk in g s er vi ce s” t o t he M ed el li n d ru g c ar te l, P am am a d ic ta to r M an ue l N or ie ga , S ad da mh er oi n k i ng pi n i n A si a ’s G ol d en T r ia ng l e.




T he B CC I s ca nd al i mp li ca te d s om e o f t he b ig ge st p ol it ic al n am es i n W as hi ng to n - b ot h D em oc ra ts a nd R ep ub li ca ns - d ur in g t he f im o ne y f o r d r ug c a rt e ls , s mu g gl i ng w ea p on s t o t er r or i st s , a n d u s in g M i dd l e E a st e rn o i l m o ne y t o i n fl u en c e A m er i ca n p o li t ic i an s .

T he c hi ef o f t he J us ti ce D ep ar tm en t’ s c ri mi na l d iv is io n u nd er f or me r P re si de nt B us h w as R ob er t M ue ll er . B ec au se t he m aj or p la ye rc ri ti cs a cc us ed M ue ll er o f b ot ch in g t he i nv es ti ga ti on . M r. M ue ll er w as r ec en tl y a pp oi nt ed b y P re si de nt G eo rg e W . B us h a s t he n eww hi l e W i ll i am J ef f er so n C l in t on a l lo we d t h e R e d C h in es e t o l o ot o ur n at i on a l s ec ur i ty s ec r et s .

T he F in an ci al C ri me s E nf or ce me nt N et wo rk ( Fi nC EN ), a d iv is io n o f t he J us ti ce D ep ar tm en t, r ev ie we d a ll eg at io ns b y B il l W hi te i n 1 9E as te rn b us in es sm en t o A me ri ca n c om pa ni es t o i nf lu en ce t he p ol ic ie s o f t he R ea ga n a nd B us h a dm in is tr at io ns . R ob er t M ue ll er , t he

D ep ar tm en t a t t he t im e o f t he r ev ie w.

W hi te t ol d a T ex as c ou rt i n 1 99 2 t ha t B at h a nd t he J us ti ce D ep ar tm en t h ad “ bl ac kb al le d” h im p ro fe ss io na ll y a nd f in an ci al ly b ec au scons piracy to launder Middle Eas tern money into the bank accounts of American bus ines s es and politicians .

I n s wo rn d ep os it io ns , B at h a dm it te d h e r ep re se nt ed f ou r w ea lt hy S au di A ra bi an b us in es sm en a s a t ru st ee . H e a ls o a dm it te d h e u sefive- percent s take in their bus ines s deals .

In dee d, T exa s t ax do cum ent s r ev eal ed th at B at h own ed f iv e p er cent of Ar bust o ’7 9 Lt d., an d Ar bust o ’ 80 L td . B ush E xp lo rati on C o partners hip firm owned by young George W. B us h.

A lt ho ug h G eo rg e W . B us h’ s T ex as o il v en tu re s w er e f in an ci al f ai lu re s, h is f in an ci al b ac ke rs r ec ov er ed t he ir i nv es tm en ts t hr ou ghn am e t o B us h E xp lo ra ti on , t he n m er ge d t he n ew f ir m i nt o S pe ct r um 7 E ne rg y C or po ra ti on i n 1 98 4.

T he B us h- co nt ro ll ed o il b us in es s e ve nt ua ll y e nd ed u p b ei ng f ol de d i nt o H ar ke n E ne rg y C or p. , a D al la s- ba se d c or po ra ti on . M r. B ussha res o f H ar ken s to ck . B us h us ed h is W hi te H ou se co nne ct ion s t o l an d a l ucr at iv e co nt rac t f or th e o bsc ur e Har ken E ne rgy C or p.1990, Geor ge W . B ush sol d hi s Hark en sto ck f or $848 ,000 and paid off t he l oan h e to ok ou t t o b uy h is smal l shar e i n th e T exas R anc lo se p al t o B il l C li nt on a nd a f or me r e mp lo ye e o f S te ph en s I nc . S ho rt ly a ft er B us h s ol d h is s to ck , H ar ke n’ s f or tu ne s n ose -d iv ed w hy ou ng G eo rg e w as t ip pe d o ff i n a dv an ce b y h is f at he r a bo ut t he s oo n- co mi ng G ul f W ar .

George W. B ush, however, worked wonders for Harken Energy C orp. before the stock collapsed. Us ing the B ush family name, hes tr ug gl in g f ir m. G eo rg e W . B us h t ra ve le d t o L it tl e R oc k, A R, t o a tt en d a m ee ti ng w it h J ac ks on S te ph en s - a p ow er fu l A rk an sa s t ycC li nt on . H e f ir st g ai ne d p ol it ic al p ro mi ne nc e a s a f un d- ra ise r f or P re si de nt J im my C ar te r. S te ph en s w as a ls o d ee pl y i nv ol ve d i n t heA me ri ca n B a nk i n W a sh in gt o n, D C.

J ac k S te ph en s d id n’ t n ee d a n i nt ro du ct io n t o y ou ng G eo rg e W . B us h. M ar y A nn e S te ph en s, h is w if e, m an ag ed V ic e P re si de nt G eoI nc ., t he w el l c on ne ct ed b ro ke ra ge f ir m o wn ed b y J ac k S te ph en s, d on at ed $ 10 0, 00 0 t o a B us h c am pa ig n f un dr ai si ng d in ne r i n 1 99 1.2 00 0, J ac k S te ph en s m ad e a s ub st an ti al c on tr ib ut io n t o t he B us h i na ug ur at io n. R ec en tl y, f or me r P re si de nt B us h p la ye d g ol f o n A pr iG ol f A ca de my i n L it tl e R oc k. T he f or me r p re si de nt t ol d S te ph en s, “ Ja ck , w e l ov e y ou a nd w e a re v er y, v er y g ra te fu l f or w ha t y ou h

P er ha ps t he f or me r p re si de nt w as t ha nk in g h im f or t he m on ey S te ph en s p ro vi de d y ou ng G eo rg e W . B us h. S te ph en s a rr an ge d f or aT he S wi ss B an k h el d t he m in or it y i nt er es t i n t he B an qu e d e C om me rc e e t d e P la ce me nt s, a G en ev a- ba se d s ub si di ar y o f B CC I.

B oth Stephens and Abdullah Taha B akhs h, a wealthy and well-connected Saudi real es tate inves tor, s igned the financial trans actio between the Union B ank of Switzerland and its Geneva branch of B C C I.

T he B CC I c on ne ct io n, t he re fo re , l in ke d G eo rg e W . B ush w it h S au di b an ke r K ha le d b in M ah fo uz . K no wn i n A ra b c ir cl es a s t he “ ki n

between 1986 and 1990. Mahfouz is no s tranger to the B us h family. He was a big inves tor in the C arlyle Group, a defens e-indus tryP ar ty e st ab li sh me nt . F or me r P re si de nt B us h i s a f or me r m em be r o f t he c om pa ny ’s b oa rd o f d ir ec to rs . G eo rg e W . B us h a ls o h el d s ha r player in the Mahfouz-owned Prime C ommercial B ank of Pakistan, is a member of the C arlyle Group’s international advisory board.

Pr esi den t B ush cer tain ly i s a war e o f t hat h is fo rmer S aud i sug ar da ddy i s st ill f inan cin g Osama bi n L aden ’s te rr ori st ne two rk . US AL ad en ’s a tt ac ks o n U S e mb as si es i n A fr ic a, K ha le d b in M ah fo uz a nd o th er w ea lt hy S au di s w er e f un ne li ng t en s o f m il li on s o f d ol la

bus ines s men ordered the National C ommercial B ank to trans fer pers onal funds and $3 million pilfered from a Saudi pens ion fund tod ep os it ed i nt o t he I sl am ic R el ie f a nd B le ss ed R el ie f - I sl am ic c ha ri ti es o pe ra ti ng i n t he U S a nd G re at B ri ta in a s f ro nt s f or O sa ma b in

T he C ap it ol T ru st B an k i s r un b y M oh am ma d H us se in a l- Am ou di . H is l aw ye r i s D em oc ra ti c P ar ty b ig wi g V er no n J or da n, c lo se f ri en

Abd ul lah T ah a B akhsh , th e Ar ab who co sig ned t he $2 5 mi ll io n cash i nf usi on i nt o Geo rg e W . B ush’ s Har ken E ner gy C or po ra ti on , aH ar ke n E ne rg y C or p. O th ma n, a n at iv e P al es ti ni an , i s p re si de nt a nd C EO o f D ea rb or n F in an ci al I nc . - a n i nv es tm en t f ir m i n A rl in gt o

B a k h sh a l s o b o u gh t a 9 . 6 p e r c e nt s t a k e i n W o r t h en B a n k i n g C o rp o r a t io n , t h e A r k an s a s b a n k c o nt r o l l ed b y J a c k S t e p he n s . A b du l lof sh ar es so ld b y M och tar R iad y, t he go df at her of t he we al thy I nd one si an f am ily wi th c los e t ie s t o t he C hi ne se co mmu nis ts, B il l C

by R ogers & Wells , a well-connected R epublican law firm in New York whos e partners include former Secretary of State William P.




I nd ep en de nt i nv es ti ga to r r ep or te r D av id T we rs ky r ep or te d i n t he e ar ly 1 99 0s t ha t O th ma n h ad a s ea t o n H ar ke n’ s b oa rd o f d ir ec to rGeor ge He rb er t W al ker B ush. Or gani zed b y C hie f of St af f Joh n Su nu nu, O th man ’s f ir st m eet in g wit h P resi dent B ush at th e Wh itei n v ad e d K u w ai t .

T he re e xi st t o t hi s d ay a n A ra b- Te xa s c on ne ct io n. K ha li d b in M ah fo uz , f in an ci er o f b ot h G eo rg e W . B us h a nd O sa ma b in L ad en , s tiP re si de nt G eo rg e B us h a lso l iv es i n H ou st on . Ja me s B at h, T ex as p ol it ic al c on fi da nt o f G eo rg e W . B us h, m an ag ed t o o bt ai n a $ 1. 4 m iw it h f or me r S ec re ta ry o f T re as ur y J oh n C on na ll y, w er e a ls o c o- in ve st or s i n H ou st on ’s M ai n B an k. B at h w as a ls o p re si de nt o f S kyr eg is te re d i n t he C ay ma n I sl an ds . A cc or di ng t o p ub li sh ed r ep or ts i n t he e ar ly 1 99 0s , t he r ea l o wn er w as b in M ah fo uz . W he n S al emH ou st on G ul f A ir po rt w as t ra ns fe rr ed t o b in M ah fo uz .

Si nce Osam a b in L ad en’ s bl ood y att ack o n A mer ica o n Sep te mbe r 11 , th e f ed er al go ver nm ent h as m ov ed qui ck ly t o fr eez e b ank aca nd a h os t o f I sl am ic c ha ri ti es .P er ha ps f ed er al a ge nt s s ho ul d f re ez e t he f in an ci al a ss et s o f t he B us h f am il y t oo . I t w ou ld n ot b e t he f ir st t im e B us h- fa mi ly a ss et s wH ol d o n t o y ou r h at s p eo pl e. W e' ve p ro ba bl y a ll s ee n t he " na zi " p ar t b ef or e. N ow i t' s t im e t o f oc us o n b in M ah fo uz . b in M ah fo uz wis ! The Saudis jus t happened to clos e his account this past Augus t, 2003. B y all reports , nearly 80% of all "terroris ts funds " (pleass ti ll a re . T hi s b an k c ur re nt ly o wn s t he H ou st on G ul f A ir po rt . ( Se e " Ga te wa y t o T er ro r? ")

B us h f am i ly ’s d ir t y l it t le s ec r et :P re si de nt ’s o il c om pa ni es f un de d b y B in L ad en f am il y a nd w ea lt hy S au di s w ho f in an ce d O sa ma b in L ad en

B y R ic k W il esC o py r ig h t: A m er i ca n F r ee d om N e wsSeptember 2001 Original Link: http://www.americanfreedomnews.com/afn_articles /bus hs ecrets .htm

WayneMadsenReport B r i ti s h i n t el l i g en c e r e p or t: M os s ad r an 9 /1 1 A ra b " hi ja ck er " t er ro ri st o pe ra ti on - S P EC IA L R EP OR T.

January 24, 2011 -- SPECIAL RE PORT . B ritish intelli gence report: Mossad ran 9/11 Arab "h

B ri ti sh i nt el li ge nc e r ep or te d i n F eb ru ar y 2 00 2 t ha t t he I sr ae li M os sa d r an t he A ra b h ij ac ke r c el ls t ha t w er e l at er b la me d b y t he U .S .a tt ac ks o n t he W or ld T ra de C en te r a nd P en ta go n. W MR h as r ec ei ve d d et ai ls o f t he B ri ti sh i nt el li ge nc e r ep or t, w hi ch , w as s up pr es

A M os sa d u ni t c on si st in g o f s ix E gy pt ia n- a nd Y em en i- bo rn J ew s i nf il tr at ed " Al Q ae da " c el ls i n H am bu rg ( th e A tt a- Ma mo un D ar kE mi rat es i n th e mo nt hs b ef or e 9 /11 . T he M ossad n ot on ly in fi lt rat ed c el ls b ut beg an t o r un t hem and g ive t he m spe ci fic o rde rs t ha tr e gu l ar l y- s ch e du l ed f l ig h ts o r ig i na ti n g i n B o st o n, W a sh i ng t on D ul l es , a n d N ew a rk , N ew J er s ey o n 9 / 11 .

T he M os sa d i nf il tr at io n t ea m c om pr is ed s ix I sr ae li s, c om pr is in g t wo c el ls o f t hr ee a ge nt s, w ho a ll r ec ei ve d s pe ci al t ra in in g a t a M oh an dl in g o f t he " Al Q ae da " c el ls . O ne M os sa d c el l t ra ve le d t o A ms te rd am w he re b t he y s ub mi tt ed t o t he o pe ra ti on al c on tr ol o f t hec om pl ex a t S ch ip ho l I nt er na ti on al A ir po rt . T he t hr ee -m an M os sa d u ni t t he n t ra ve le d t o H am bu rg w he re i t m ad e c on ta ct w it h M oh aL ad en . I n f ac t, t he y w er e s en t b y E ph ra im H al ev y, t he c hi ef o f M os sa d.

T he se co nd th r ee -m an Mo ss ad t ea m f le w t o N ew Y or k a nd t he n t o s ou th er n F lo ri da w he re t he y b eg an t o d ir ec t t he " Al Q ae da " c el lB ea ch , a nd W es t P al m B ea ch . I sr ae li " ar t s tu de nt s, " a lr ea dy u nd er i nv es ti ga ti on b y t he D ru g E nf or ce me nt A dm in is tr at io n f or c as inh ad b ee n l iv in g a mo ng a nd c on du ct in g s ur ve il la nc e o f t he a ct iv it ie s, i nc lu di ng f li gh t s ch oo l t ra in in g, o f t he f ut ur e A ra b " hi ja ck er "




In Aug ust 2 00 1, t he f ir st M os sad t eam f lew wi th A tt a and o ther Ham bu rg " Al Qaed a" me mb er s t o B osto n. L ogan In ter nat ion al Ai ro wn ed b y a n I sr ae li a ir po rt s ec ur it y f ir m c lo se ly c on ne ct ed t o M os sa d - - I nt er na ti on al C on su lt an ts o n T ar ge te d S ec ur it y - I CT S. I C

particularly the Netanyahu faction and then-J erus alem mayor and future Prime Minis ter Ehud Olmert. It was Olmert who pers onallyr el ea se d f ro m p ri so n f iv e U rb an M ov in g S ys te ms e mp lo ye es , i de nt if ie d b y t he C I A a nd F BI a ge nt s, a s M os sa d a ge nt s. T he I sr ae liS ta te s o n 9 /1 1 w ho w er e t ho ug ht t o h av e b ee n i nv ol ve d i n t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks .

T he t wo M os sa d t ea ms s en t r eg ul ar c od ed r ep or t s o n t he p ro gr es s o f t he 9 /1 1 o pe ra ti on t o T el A vi v v ia t he I sr ae li e mb as sy i n W at ha t l ea di ng A me ri ca ns t ie d t o t he m ed ia e ff or t t o p in 9 /1 1 o n A ra b h ij ac ke rs , O sa ma B in L ad en , a nd t he T al ib an w er e p re se nt i n t hm ed ia b li tz f or t he s ub se qu en t d ay s a nd w ee ks f ol lo wi ng t he a tt ac ks . I t i s m or e t ha n l ik el y t ha t F BI c ou nt er -i nt el li ge nc e a ge nt s w ht he p re se nc e o f t he A me ri ca ns p re se nt a t t he e mb as sy o n S ep te mb er 1 0. S om e o f t he A me ri ca ns a re w el l- kn ow n t o U .S . c ab le n ew

I n m id -A ug us t, t he M os sa d t ea m r un ni ng t he H am bu rg c el l i n B os to n r ep or te d t o T el A vi v t ha t t he f in al p la ns f or 9 /1 1 w er e s et . T" pr es en ce " o f t he A ra b c el l m em be rs a t F lo ri da f li gh t s ch oo ls h ad b ee n e st ab li sh ed .

T h e t w o M o ss a d c e ll s s t ud i ou s ly a vo i de d an y me n ti o n o f th e Wo r ld T ra d e C e nt e r o r ta r ge t s i n W as h in g to n , D C in t he i r c o de d meto t he C IA o f a " gen er al t hr ea t" by an at tac k b y Ar ab t er ro ri st s o n a n uc lea r p lan t s om ew he re o n t he E ast C oast o f t he Un it ed St at ea s " to o n on -s pe ci fi c. " T he F B I, u nd er s oo n- to -b e- de pa rt ed d ir ec to r L ou is F re eh , r ec ei ve d t he " no n- sp ec if ic " w ar ni ng a bo ut a n a tti ts r ou ti ne b ul le ti ns t o f ie ld a ge nt s b ut n o h ig h a le rt w as o rd er ed .

The lack of a paper tr ail poi nt ing to "Al Qaed a" as t he master mi nds on 9/1 1, whi ch co uld then be l inked to Al Qaed a's Mossad h andR ob er t M ue ll er , i n a s pe ec h t o S an F ra nc is co 's C om mo nw ea lt h C lu b, s ta te d: " In o ur i nv es ti ga ti on , w e h av e n ot u nc ov er ed a s in gl et re as ur e t ro ve o f i nf or ma ti on t ha t h as t ur ne d u p i n A fg ha ni st an a nd e ls ew he re - - t ha t m en ti on ed a ny a sp ec t o f t he S ep te mb er 1 1 p l

T he t wo M oss ad "A l Qa ed a" i nf il tr at ion an d co nt ro l t eam s h ad a lso he lp ed se t u p sa fe h ous es f or t he q ui ck ex fi lt ra ti on o f M ossa d"W MR h as lear ned fr om two E l Al so urces who wo rked f or the Isr aeli air li ne at New Yo rk’ s John F. Kenned y ai rpo rt th at o n 9/ 11,g ro un de d a ll c iv il ia n d om es ti c a nd i nt er na ti on al i nc om in g a nd o ut go in g f li gh ts t o a nd f ro m t he U ni te d S ta te s, a f ul l E l A l B oe in g 7 4I nt er na ti on al A ir po rt . T he t wo E l A l e mp lo ye e s ou rc es a re n ot I sr ae li n at io na ls b ut l eg al i mm ig ra nt s f ro m E cu ad or w ho w er e w or kiat 4:1 1 p m an d i ts depar tu re was, accor din g t o the El Al sou rces, aut ho ri zed b y t he dir ect i nter ven ti on of th e U. S. Depar tm ent of Dew er e p er so na ll y i nv ol ve d w it h t he a ir po rt a nd a ir t ra ff ic c on tr ol a ut ho ri ti es t o c le ar t he f li gh t f or t ak e- of f. A cc or di ng t o t he 9 /1 1 C oord ered all civi li an f lig hts t o b e gr ounded at 9:45 am o n S ep tember 1 1." WM R has l earned f rom B ri tish int ell igence so urces that thea s E l A l e mp lo ye es .

W MR p re vi ou sl y r ep or te d t ha t t he M os sa d c el l o pe ra ti ng i n t he J er se y C it y- We eh aw ke n a re a o f N ew J er se y t hr ou gh U rb an M ov i being involved in moving explos ives into the World Trade C enter as well as s taging "fals e flag" demons trations at at leas t two loccom pl ex in Jer sey C ity as th e f ir st pl ane hi t th e Wo rld T rade C ent er 's Nor th T ower . One te am of Ur ban Mo vi ng S yst ems Mo ssad a

months at the Metropolitan Detention C enter in B rooklyn. Some of their names turned up in a joint C IA-FB I database as knownS ys te ms , D om in ik S ut er , w ho se n am e a ls o a pp ea re d o n a " La w E nf or ce me nt S en si ti ve " F BI 9 /1 1 s us pe ct s l is t, a lo ng w it h t he n am eH an j ou r , a s w el l a s t h e s o -c al l ed " 2 0t h h i ja ck e r, " Z a ca r ia s M o us sa o ui .

S ut er w as a ll ow ed t o e sc ap e t he U ni te d S ta te s a ft er t he F BI m ad e i ni ti al c on ta ct w it h h im a t t he U rb an M ov in g S ys te ms w ar eh ou seS ut er wa s l at er p er mi tt ed t o r et ur n t o t he Un it ed S ta te s w he re h e w as i nv ol ve d i n t he a ir cr af t pa rt s s up pl y b usi nes s i n s ou th er n F loW MR . S ut er l at er f il ed f or b an kr up tc y i n F lo ri da f or U rb an M ov in g S ys te ms a nd o th er b us in es se s h e o pe ra te d: S ub ur ba n M ov in gWo odf lo or ing W areh ouse C orp. ; One S to p C leanin g L LC; an d C ity C arp et Up hol ster y, In c. At t he t im e of t he b ankr upt cy fi li ng i nW el li ng to n, F L 3 34 14 , w it h a p ho ne n um be r o f 5 61 2 04 -2 35 9.

Fr om t he l ist o f cr ed it or s it c an be det er mi ne d t hat Su te r ha d b een o per at in g in t he Uni ted St at es sin ce 1 99 3, t he yea r of th e f irst attu p A me ri ca n E xp re ss c re di t c ar d c ha rg es t ot al in g $ 21 ,9 13 .9 7. S ut er a ls o m ai nt ai ne d c re di t c ar d a cc ou nt s w it h H SB C B an k a nd O rc ha mo ng o th er b an ks . S ut er a ls o d id b us in es s w it h t he J ew is h C om mu ni ty C en te r o f G re at er P al m B ea ch i n F lo ri da a nd R yd er T ru ck s

ar ea s f or c el ls of I sr ael i M os sad ag en ts ma sq ue rad ing as " ar t st ud en ts, " w ho we re l iv in g an d w or ki ng n ear so me o f t he i de nt if ied f

AB C' s 20 /20 co rr esp on den t Jo hn M ill er e nsu red t ha t t he Is rael i co nn ec ti on t o " Al Qa ed a's " Ar ab h ij ack er s wa s b ur ie d i n a n " in vesW alt er s hel ped M il ler in p ut ti ng a l id o n th e s to ry a bou t t he mo ver s and S ut er a ir ed o n Ju ne 21 , 20 02 . Mi lle r t hen we nt o n t o be coand o ther F BI o ff ici als kep t t o t he "Al Qaeda" scri pt as det ermi ned by t he B ush admi nistr ati on and t he f ut ure 9/1 1 C omm ission . B ut




s lip to AB C an important clue to the operations of the Mos s ad movers in New J ers ey when he s tated that the Mos s ad agents "s eto pe ra ti on a ga in st r ad ic al I sl am is ts i n t he a re a, p ar ti cu la rl y i n t he N ew J er se y- Ne w Y or k a re a. " T he " in te ll ig en ce o pe ra ti on " t ur ne dc oi nc id en ce t ha t i t w as A BC 's Jo hn M il le r w ho c on du ct ed a M ay 1 99 8 r ar e i nt er vi ew o f O sa ma B in L ad en a t h is c am p i n A fg ha ni stf i ct i on a l " m ad e -f o r- T V" d r am a k n ow n a s 9 / 11 .

W MR h as a ls o l ea rn ed f ro m I ta li an i nt el li ge nc e s ou rc es t ha t M os sa d' s r un ni ng o f " Al Q ae da " o pe ra ti ve s d id n ot e nd w it h r un ni ngOt he r A rab " Al Qae da " op er ati ves, r un b y M ossad , w er e i nf il tr at ed i nto S yr ia bu t a rr est ed by S yr ia n i nt ell ige nc e. S yr ia was u nsu co pe ra ti on s i n L eb an on . D et ai le d i nf or ma ti on o n B in L ad en 's s up po rt t ea m w as o ff er ed t o t he B us h a dm in is tr at io n, u p t o d ay s p ri orM uk ha ba ra t i nt el li ge nc e s er vi ce . T he i nt el li ge nc e w as r ej ec te d b y t he B iu sh W hi te H ou se . I t w as l at er r ep or te d t ha t S ud an es e m e

f or M os sa d w ho h ad a ls o e st ab li sh ed c lo se c on ta ct s w it h Y em en i P re si de nt A li A bd ul la h S al eh a nd o pe ra te d i n E gy pt , S au di A ra bAl Qaeda in Sudan was likely known by the Sudanes e Mukhabarat, a reas on for the rejection of its intelligence on "Al Qaeda" byYem en h ad al so i den ti fi ed " Al Q aed a" m em ber s wh o we re a ls o M ossa d ag ent s. A fo rme r ch ief of M ossa d r eve al ed t o t hi s ed it or i nc om ma nd os s po tt ed B in L ad en i n t he H ad hr am au t r eg io n o f e as te rn Y em en a ft er h is e sc ap e f ro m T or a B or a i n A fg ha ni st an , f ol lo wi

F re nc h i nt el li ge nc e d et er mi ne d t ha t o th er E gy pt ia n- a nd Y em en i- bo rn J ew is h M os sa d a ge nt s w er e i nf il tr at ed i nt o S ha rj ah i n t he U nB ro th er ho od . H ow ev er , t he " Mu sl im B ro th er ho od " a ge nt s a ct ua ll y w er e i nv ol ve d i n p ro vi di ng c ov er t I sr ae li f un di ng f or " Al Q ae dU .S . T re as ur y S ec re ta ry 's f ir in g b y P re si de nt B us h o ve r i nf or ma ti on d is co ve re d o n t he s ha dy " Al Q ae da " a cc ou nt s i n t he U ni te d AM ar ch 2 00 2, U .S . S ec re ta ry o f T re asu ry P au l O ’Ne il l v is it ed D ub ai a nd as ke d f or d oc um en ts o n a $ 10 9, 50 0 m on ey t ra nsf er f ro m DMar wan al S heh hi at S un Tr ust B an k i n Fl or id a. O’ Neil l also ask ed U AE aut hor iti es t o clo se do wn accou nts used by Al Qaed a . . . .admin istr ati on. O’Nei ll ’s p ressur e on the UAE and S audi s contr ibuted to B ush f ir ing hi m as T reasur y Secr etar y i n December 2 002 "B rotherhood" Mos s ad operatives operating in the emirates who were directing funds to "Al Qaeda."

A ft er t he c ol la ps e o f t he S ov ie t U ni on a nd t he r is e t o p ow er o f t he T al ib an i n A fg ha ni st an , S ha rj ah 's r ul er , S ul ta n b in M oh am me d ao pe ne d h is p ot en ta te t o R us si an b us in es sm en l ik e V ik to r B ou t, a s w el l a s t o f in an ci er s o f r ad ic al M us li m g ro up s, i nc lu di ng t he T al

Mo reov er, t hi s Isr ael i su ppo rt fo r "A l Qaed a" was fu ll y kn own t o Sau di i nt el li gen ce, wh ic h a ppr oved of it i n or de r to av oi d com pr oQ ae da " w as w el l- kn ow n t o t he S ha rj ah a nd R as a l K ha im ah -b as ed a vi at io n n et wo rk o f t he n ow -i mp ri so ne d R us si an , V ik to r B ou t, j ain N ew Yo rk, a h ot be d of I sr ael i i nt el lig en ce co nt rol o f U .S . f ed er al pr osecu to rs, j ud ge s, as wel l a s t he n ew s m ed ia, is n o acc id ent :i n s up po rt o f t he T al ib an a nd A l Q ae da i n A fg ha ni st an , w he re B ou t a ls o h ad a vi at io n a nd l og is ti cs c on tr ac ts , t o e xp os e M os sa d a sa ls o e xt en de d t o M ia mi a nd D al la s, t wo a re as t ha t w er e n ex us es f or t he M os sa d c on tr ol o pe ra ti on s f or t he " Al Q ae da " f li gh t t ra in it o 9 /1 1.

B ou t' s p at h a ls o c ro ss ed w it h " Al Q ae da 's " s up po rt n et wo rk a t t he s am e b an k i n S ha rj ah , H SB C. M os sa d' s p ho ny M us li m B ro th er hf or " Al Q ae da " t hr ou gh t he H SB C a cc ou nt s i n S ha rj ah . M os sa d' s D om in ik S ut er a ls o d ea lt w it h H SB C i n t he U ni te d S ta te s. T he FJohn O'Neill, became aware of the "unique" funding mechanisms for Al Qaeda. It was no mistake that O'Neill was given the job ast he a tt ac k. O 'N ei l l p er i sh ed i n t he c ol l ap se o f t h e c om pl ex .

Mos s ad us es a number of J ews born in Arab countries to mas querade as Arabs . They often carry forged or s tolen pas s ports fromi m mi g ra n t p o pu l at i on s , p a rt i cu l ar l y G e rm a ny , F r an c e, B r i ta i n, D e nm a rk , S w ed e n, a n d t h e N e th e rl a nd s .

F o r M o s s ad , t h e s uc c e ss f u l 9 /1 1 t e r r or i s t " f al s e f l ag " o p e r at i o n w as a s u c ce s s b ey o n d e xp e c t at i o n s. T h e B u sh a d m i ni s t r a ti o n , b acd ep os in g S ad da m H us se in , a nd t ur ne d u p p re ss ur e o n I sr ae l' s o th er a dv er sa ri es , i nc lu di ng I ra n, S yr ia , P ak is ta n, H am as , a nd L eb ant he U N b eg in t o c ra ck d ow n o n t he L eb an es e S hi 'a d ia mo nd b us in es s i n D em oc ra ti c R ep ub li c o f C on go a nd W es t A fr ic a, a nd w itc om pa ni es , w hi ch r es ul te d i n a f re e h an d f or T el A vi v t o m ov e i n o n L eb an es e d ia mo nd d ea ls i n c en tr al a nd w es t A fr ic a.

T h en - Is r ae l i F i na n ce M i ni s te r B i ny a mi n N e ta n ya h u c o mm e nt e d o n t h e 9 / 11 a t ta c ks o n U . S. t e le v is i on s h or t ly a f te r t h ey o c cu r re d . Netanyahu, in his zeal, blew Mos s ad's cover as the mas terminds of 9/11.

P la nn in g a nd D ec is io n A id S ys te m, C h en ey , f a ls e f l ag a tt ac k o n A me ri ca , S ep te mb er 9 , 2 00 1.

G l ob a l R e se a rc h K i rk V o n A c ke r ma n , w h is t le b l ow e r m u rd e re d

A g re at d ea l o f c on tr ov er sy h as a ri se n a bo ut w ha t w as k no wn a bo ut t he m ov em en ts a nd l oc at io n o f O sa ma b in L ad en i n t he w ak e oPa ki st an . Q ue st io ns a bo ut wh at i nt el li ge nce a ge nc ie s kn ew o r d idn 't kn ow a bo ut al -Qa ed a act iv it ies g o b ack s om e ye ar s, mo st p roS pe ci al F or ce s C om ma nd a nd D ef en se I nt el li ge nc e A ge nc y ( DI A) d at a m in in g e ff or t k no wn a s " Ab le D an ge r 3 ]. " W ha t h as n' t b ee ni ns pe ct or g en er al ( IG ) r ep or t 4 ], s um ma ri zi ng a n i nv es ti ga ti on m ad e i n r esp on se t o a n a cc us at io n b y a J oi nt F or ce s I nt el li ge nc e C omJ FI C c om ma nd er h ad h al te d a ct io ns t ra ck in g O sa ma b in L ad en p ri or t o 9 /1 1. J FI C i s t as ke d w it h a n i nt el li ge nc e m is si on i n s up po rt o

T he r ep or t, t it le d " Re vi ew o f J oi nt F or ce s I nt el li ge nc e C om ma nd R es po ns e t o 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n, " w as d ec la ss if ie d l as t y ea r, i n r es pA f te r go o d a t t h e F e de r at i on o f A m er i ca n S c ie n ti s ts .

T he w hi st le bl ow er , w ho t he I G r ep or t i de nt if ie d a s a f or me r J FI C e mp lo ye e r ep re se nt ed o nl y b y h is c od en am e " IR ON M AN ," c la im2 00 6 a nd , l ac ki ng a ny a pp ar en t a ct io n b y t he I G, t o t he O ff ic e o f t he Na ti on al D ir ec to r o f I nt el li ge nc e ( OD NI ) i n O ct ob er 2 00 7, t ha t




w he n q ue ri ed i n M ar ch 2 00 2 a bo ut i ts a ct iv it ie s b y t he D IA a nd h ig he r c om ma nd o ff ic ia ls o n b eh al f o f t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n. T he Oan inves tigation under the aus pices of the deputy ins pector general for intelligence. 5]

In a November 27, 2007, letter 6] from Edwar d M aguire at the ODNI to Gen. Claude Kicklighter at t he DoD's IG office, M aquire ideH UM IN T M an ag em en t O ff ic e, P ol ic y a nd P la ns D iv is io n, " w ho w as " pe rs on al ly i nv ol ve d i n JF IC i nt el li ge nc e a ct iv it ie s r el at ed t o acircums tances s urrounding that alleged fals e reporting to the Secretary of Defens e and C ongres s ."

M ag ui re a ls o o ff er ed t o s en d c la ss if ie d m at er ia l t o t he D oD I G t ha t w as i n p os se ss io n o f t he D ir ec to r o f N at io na l I nt el li ge nc e' s ( DNn ot p e rf o rm e d e v en a p r el i mi n ar y i n qu i ry o n t h e a ll e ga t io ns .

T he I G r ep or t, w hi ch d oe s n ot e xp la in t he 1 8- mo nt h d el ay i n o pe ni ng a n i nv es ti ga ti on , c le ar ed J FI C o f a ny w ro ng do in g a nd d ec la ra cc ur at e r ep ly i n r es po ns e t o t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n. " I n e vi de nt r es po ns e, I RO N M AN i nd ic at ed t o t he I G i nv es ti ga ti ng s ta ff t ha t "res pons e, but that C ongres s s hould have as ked for files concerning the tracking of Os ama bin Laden."

Acc or din g t o t he I G r ep ort , th e 9/ 11 C omm is sio n " ha d no t r equ est ed t he di rect su bm is si on o f a ny f il es o r r eq ue st ed i nf or ma ti on r ec om mi ss io n q ue st io ns " we re v er y s pe ci fi c, " a nd a sk ed w ha t t he J FI C k ne w a bo ut " im mi ne nt a tt ac k" o r " hi ja ck er s i nv ol ve d" i n t he 9

T ra ck in g B in L ad en h ad b ee n u nd er ta ke n b y a s ec re t u ni t w it hi n t he J FI C, t he A sy mm et ri c T hr ea ts D iv is io n, f or me d i n 1 99 9 " to t aka cr on ym , D O5 , i t w as t as ke d w it h p ro vi di ng " cu rr en t i nt el li ge nc e b ri ef in gs a nd p ro du ce d t he W or ld wi de T er ro ri st T hr ea t S um ma ry

public s ource material exis ts on DO5 activities , except what is in the IG report.

T he I G r ep or t d oe s n ot d en y t he t ra ck in g o f B in L ad en , b ut n ot es t ha t t he J FI C w as t o p ro vi de g en er al a nd d ir ec t i nt el li ge nc e s up po

t ha t i t d id n ot h av e a m is si on t o t ra ck O sa ma b in L ad en o r p re di ct i mm in en t t ar ge ts o f t er ro ri sm o n U S s oi l.

Nevertheles s , DO5 was involved in intelligence concerns domes tically. It provided as s is tance to the J oint Tas k Force - C ivil Supportout of Fort Monroe, Virginia. The JTF-C S was tasked with assis ting the DoD response to domestic terror incidents, including 7] "r ad io lo gi ca l, n uc le ar a nd h ig h- yi el d e xp lo si ve ( CB RN E) s it ua ti on ." A t o ne p oi nt , D O5 a ss is te d t he J TF -C S b y " es ta bl is hi ng f ic ti on alg ro up s" t ha t w er e u ti li ze d a s p ar t o f J TF -C S " ex er ci se s. "

T he o bs cu ri ty o f D O5 's m is si on w as s um me d u p b y a f or me r J FI C d ep ut y d ir ec to r o f i nt el li ge nc e, w ho t ol d i nv es ti ga to rs t ha t D O5t he J FI C p ro vi de d t o t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n, t he J FI C r ec ei ve d o ve r 2 ,2 00 m es sa ge s d ai ly " fr om o th er a ge nc ie s, J FC OM c om po ne nt sa n y i n t el l i ge n ce d o m es t i ca l l y.

A cc or di ng t o t he n ar ra ti ve i n t he I G r ep or t, a p re vi ou s J FI C d ep ut y d ir ec to r o f i nt el li ge nc e s ai d t ha t t he J FI C c om ma nd er , i de nt if ie d"dir ected him t o sto p tr ackin g Osama bin Lad en . T he C ommand ing Of ficer st ated t hat the t racki ng of Osama bi n L aden di d not f al l

purported Afghanis tan "terroris t training camps " was als o curtailed, with an explanation that s uch activities were outs ide the agenJ F IC ' s s wi m l a ne . "

A cc or di ng t o t he r ep or t, t he A sy mm et ri c T hr ea ts D iv is io n w as " re al ig ne d" i n s um me r 2 00 1 u nd er t he " In te ll ig en ce W at ch C en te r. "I nt el li ge nc e W at ch C en te r a ss oc ia te d 8 ] w it h N OR AD , w hi ch i s a n " in di ca ti on s a nd w ar ni ng c en te r f or w or ld wi de t hr ea ts f ro m s pa cu nr es t t ha t c ou ld a ff ec t N or th A me ri ca a nd U S f or ce s/ in te re st s a br oa d. " T hi s w ou ld b e c on si st en t w it h t he w or k D O5 d id w it h t he J

T he o rd er t o s to p t ra ck in g B in L ad en , t he re fo re , c am e s om et im e b et we en t he o ri gi n o f D O5 i n 1 99 9 a nd i ts r ea li gn me nt j us t p ri or t o,J o in t T r a ns f or m a ti o n C o m ma n d -I n t el l i ge n c e, s t i ll s u b or d i na t e t o a n d s e rv i n g U S JF C O M.

O t h er A l l e ga t i o ns

A cc or di ng t o t he I G r ep or t, I RO N M AN c la im ed t ha t t he J FI C h ad " or ig in al m at er ia l c re at ed b y D O5 r el ev an t t o a l- Qa 'i da ," a nd t ha

t he I G i nv es ti ga to rs f ou nd t ha t i nt er vi ew s w it h o th er J FI C p er so nn el a nd a r ev ie w o f h is to ri ca l D O5 b ri ef in gs d id n ot s up po rt t he se pers onnel from the command bas ed upon their counterintelligence and counterterroris m expertis e," merely "monitored and compile

I RO N M AN t ol d I G i nv es ti ga to rs t ha t h e b el ie ve d t ha t h is a ge nc y, J FI C, w ou ld d en y t he e xi st en ce o f t he A sy mm et ri c T hr ea t D iv is ic or re ct ly i de nt if ie d t he D O5 i n i ts r es po ns e t o q ue st io n 8 " f ro m t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n a nd e xp la in ed , i n a dd it io n, t ha t t he J FI C n ot eUSJ FC OM components ."

B ut i n t he r ep ly t o q ue st io n 8 r ep ro du ce d i n t he I G r ep or t, t he re i s n o m en ti on o f e it he r D O5 o r t he A sy mm et ri c T hr ea t D iv is io n. To ve r t he y ea rs ," a nd t ha t f ro m f al l 1 99 9 u nt il S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1, t he J FI C' s c ou nt er te rr or is m f oc us s wi tc he d t o " As ym me tr ic T hr ea ta nd C BR N C he mi ca l, B io lo gi ca l, R ad io lo gi ca l a nd N uc le ar ] i ss ue s, " w it h t he a fo re me nt io ne d e mp ha si s o n U SJ FC OM f or ce p ro te ct in o r ea so n t o b el ie ve t ha t 9 /1 1 C om mi ssi on m em be rs w er e e ve r a wa re o f i ts e xi st en ce . T he J FI C w as n ev er m en ti on ed i n t he s ub se qu

I n a dd it io n, I RO N M AN 's a ll eg at io ns a ls o i nc lu de d c ha rg es t ha t t he J FI C a nd s pe ci fi ca ll y D O5 , h ad d ev el op ed i nf or ma ti on t ha t t hed om es ti c t ar ge ts o f a n a l- Qa ed a a tt ac k. T he I G r ep or t d is pu te s t hi s a nd c la im s, w it h l es s t ha n d ef in it iv e a ss ur an ce , " Ev id en ce i nd icd om e st i c t ar g et s p r io r t o 9 / 11 o r s pe ci f ic 9 / 11 h i ja c ke r o pe r at i on s ."

The I G repo rt indi cat ed that IG i nvestigat ors spoke wit h a num ber of key r ankin g JFIC per sonnel, as wel l as the p reviou s US JFC OM pers onnel from the As ymmetric Threat Divis ion.




Ear lier t his year , a blog ger, Susie Dow, who has been fol lowi ng 9] t he stor y of Ki rk von Acker mann , a US Ar my con tract or in Ir aqO ct ob er 2 00 3, a ss er te d t ha t v on A ck er ma nn h ad e ar li er b el on ge d t o J FI C' s A sy mm et ri c T hr ea t D iv is io n. V on A ck er ma nn 's v eh ic le

briefcas e containing $40,000 in cas h. An Army C riminal Inves tigative Divis ion inves tigation later concluded that he was the victim pos s ibly going to blow the whis tle on DoD corruption.

A n a ss oc ia te o f v on A ck er ma nn , R ya n M an el ic k, a f or me r A ir F or ce I nt el li ge nc e o ff ic er , w as s ho t a nd k il le d o ut si de a U S m il it ar y bvar io us p eopl e t hat he was in fe ar fo r hi s l if e. B oth v on Acker man n an d M an eli ck w or ked fo r th e co ntr act or Ul tr a Ser vi ces, based inM an el ic k a nd t he I RO N M AN a ll eg at io ns h as e ve r b ee n p ro po se d.

Do w h as w rit te n 1 0] o n t he t wo co nt ract or s f or th e w eb si te e P lu ri bu s M edi a. I n a M ay 6 p os tin g at he r ow n w eb s ite , " Th e M iss inc om pl et ed b y t he J oi nt F or ce s I nt el li ge nc e C om ma nd , s pe ci fi ca ll y t he A sy mm et ri c T hr ea t D iv is io n, w as n ot a pp li ca bl e t o t he q ue st i

" Wh ic h l ea ds m e t o b el ie ve t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n d id n ot a sk t he c or re ct q ue st io ns ," D ow s ai d.

follow up, t he ac t o f f ol lo wi ng u p. 2 . a n a ct io n o r t hi ng t ha t s er ve s t o i nc re as e t he ef f ec ti ve ne ss o f a pr ev io us o ne , a s a s ec on d o r sf ol lo w. J ou rn al is m. a . a n ew s s to ry p ro vi di ng a dd it io na l i nf or ma ti on o n a s to ry o r a rt ic le p re vi ou sl y p ub li sh ed . b . A ls o c al le d s id ebs up pl em en t a r el at ed s to ry o f m aj or i mp or ta nc e. C om pa re f ea tu re s to ry ( de f. 1 ), h um an -i nt er es t s to ry , s hi rt ta il . – ad je ct iv e 4 . d es ig n

e ff ec ti ve ne ss o f a p re vi ou s a ct io n: a f ol lo w- up i nt er vi ew ; a f ol lo w- up o ff er . 5 . o f o r p er ta in in g t o a ct io n t ha t f ol lo ws a n i ni ti al t re at m patients ; a follow-up s urvey. fol·low –verb (us ed with object) 1. to come after in s equence, order of time, etc.: The s peech follows ts am e d ir ec ti on : D ri ve a he ad , a nd I 'l l f ol lo w y ou . 3 . t o a cc ep t a s a g ui de o r l ea de r; a cc ep t t he a ut ho ri ty o f o r g iv e a ll eg ia nc e t o: M an ywit h, or act in accor dan ce wit h; ob ey: to f oll ow o rd ers; to f oll ow advi ce. 5 . t o imi tat e o r copy; use as an exemp lar : They f ol low the lFol low t hi s r oad fo r a m il e. 7. to com e af ter as a r esul t or co nsequ ence; r esul t f rom: R ep ri sals of ten f ol low vi cto ry . 8 . t o go af ter orof : t o f ol lo w an enemy. 10 . t o tr y f or or at tai n to: t o f ol low an i deal . 1 1. to engag e in or b e conc erned wi th as a p ursu it : He fo ll owed

progres s, or cours e of: to follow a bird in flight. 13. to watch the development of or keep up with: to follow the news . 14. to keep upyou f ol low me? –v er b ( used wit ho ut o bj ect ) 15 . to co me nex t af ter some th in g e lse in seq uen ce, or der of ti me, e tc. 1 6. t o happ en or oth e d ef ea t g reat di so rd er fo ll ow ed . 17 . t o a tte nd or ser ve. 18 . t o g o o r c om e af ter a p er so n or t hi ng i n m ot io n. 1 9. t o r es ul t a s an e ff em ust b e i nn oc en t. – no un 2 0. t he a ct o f f ol lo wi ng . 2 1. B il li ar ds, P oo l. f ol lo w s ho t ( de f. 2 ). 2 2. f ol lo w- up ( de f. 3 ). —V er b p hr as es 23 . ffo llo wed ou t t hei r o rd er s t o t he le tt er . 24 . f ol lo w t hro ug h, a. t o car ry ou t f ul ly , as a st rok e o f a cl ub i n go lf , a r acke t in t en ni s, et c. b.c om pl et io n. 2 5. f ol lo w u p, a . t o p ur su e c lo se ly a nd t en ac io us ly . b . t o i nc re as e t he e ff ec ti ve ne ss o f b y f ur th er a ct io n o r r ep et it io n. c .

f ol lo w s ui t. s ui t ( de f. 1 3) . f ol ·l ow ·a ·b le , a dj ec ti ve — Sy no ny ms 3 . o be y. 4 . h ee d, o bs er ve . 8 . a cc om pa ny , a tt en d. 9 . p ur su e, c ha se ; t rasucceed i mpl y comi ng af ter so met hi ng else, i n a na tur al seq uence. F ol lo w i s t he gener al wo rd : We mu st wait t o see wh at fo ll ows. As eq ue nc e, w ha t m ig ht b e e xp ec te d n or ma ll y t o c om e a ft er a g iv en a ct , c au se , e tc .: W he n t he p ow er l in es w er e c ut , a p ar al ys is o f t r

between a caus e or event and its effect, cons equence, or outcome: The accident res ulted in injuries to thos e involved. Succeed implt it le , o ff ic e, e tc .: F or me rl y t he o ld es t s on s uc ce ed ed t o h is f at he r' s t it le . — An to ny ms 1 . p re ce de . 2 , 3 . l ea d. 4 . d is re ga rd . 9 . f le e. n ew

A ug us t 3 -5 , 2 01 2 - - * ** ** 10 B EL LS ** ** * - - F ed er al j ud ge 's f ir m t ra in ed l ea d 9 /1 1 h ij ac ke r

U .S . J ud ge f or t he t he M id dl e D is tr ic t o f A la ba ma M ar k F ul le r, s ch ed ul ed t o r e- se nt en ce f or me r A la ba ma G ov er no r D on S ie ge lm ana f ir m t ha t t ra in ed a cc us ed 9 /1 1 l ea d h ij ac ke r M oh am me d A tt a. T he i nf or ma ti on o n F ul le r' s l in ks t o t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac k w er e u nc ov er ed bwho s poke to WMR on background.

W MR p re vi ou sl y r ep or te d o n F ul le r' s f in an ci al d ea li ng s w it h D os s A vi at io n, w hi ch , a mo ng o th er g ov er nm en t b us in es s, h ad t he c oA tt a, a s w el l a s S au di , I ra ni an , a nd o th er E gy pt ia n p il ot s t o f ly a ir cr af t, t he C ol or ad o S pr in gs , C ol or ad o- ba se d D os s A vi at io n w as iO ne t ha t w er e r ec ei ve d b y t he p re si de nt ia l a ir pl an e' s p il ot o n 9 /1 1, s pe ci fi ca ll y " An ge l i s n ex t. " A ng el w as t he c la ss if ie d c od e w or d

I ron ica ll y, as w e r epo rt ed ea rl ie r: "I t i s al so n ot ewo rt hy t ha t th e D oss Av iat io n a ct iv e co ntr act we b p ag e h as a ph ot o o f t he W or ldF ul le r' s f ir m h as s ee n a g ro wt h i n c on tr ac ts a nd p ro fi ts s in ce t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks a nd U .S . m il it ar y a ct io n i n I ra q a nd A fg ha ni st an ."

O n J ul y 2 5, 2 00 7, W MR r ep or te d: " In fo rm at io n c ul le d f ro m I nt er ne t w eb a rc hi ve s o f p re vi ou s D os s A vi at io n w eb p ag es i nd ic at e t h pilots . B oth News week and Knight R idder reported that three to five of the 9/11 hijackers had attended military training cours es ina tt en de d t he I nt er na ti on al O ff ic er s' S ch oo l a t M ax we ll A ir F or ce B as e i n A la ba ma ." W MR c an n ow r ep or t t ha t o ne o f t he p il ot s D oaccused Al Qaed a t er ro ri st cell l eade r was o ft en seen a t the of ficer 's club at M axw ell Ai r Fo rc e B ase, wher e he was kn own as " Li eutt h e E g yp t ia n A ir F o rc e.

In 200 2, Air F or ce L t. C ol St eve B utl er, vi ce ch ancel lor f or st udent af fair s at th e Def ense L angu age I nst it ute (D LI ) in M ont erey , C alt ha t " Bu sh kn ew ab ou t t he im pen din g a tt ac ks ." B ut ler wa s di sci pl in ed by t he Ai r F or ce f or hi s r ema rks . H ow ev er , t he Ai r F or ce a pwas in a posi tio n t o shi ne th e li ght on Air Fo rce cu lpabi li ty in 9/11 and Si egelman , a f or mer Alabam a Att or ney Gener al and l ater go

plotters .




S ae ed A lg ha md i, o ne o f t he S au di 9 /1 1 h ij ac ke rs , h ad r ep or te dl y a tt en de d c la ss es a t D LI . O n J ul y 2 7, 2 00 7, W MR r ep or te d, " As si st he S ie ge lm an /( fo rm er H ea lt hS ou th C EO R ic ha rd ) S cr us hy ] c as e, i s a c ol on el i n t he U .S . A ir F or ce R ese rv e a nd i s a n a ss is tan t t o S tL an gl ey A ir F or ce B as e, t he p ri nc ip al l eg al a dv is er t o t he A ir C om ba t S ta ff . F ea ga a nd h is b os s H ar di ng h av e j ur is di ct io n o ve r a ll lDos s Aviation.

F ed er al J ud ge M ar k F ul le r, w ho t ri ed a nd c on vi ct ed S ie ge lm an a nd S cr us hy , i s a c ur re nt p ri nc ip al o f D os s A vi at io n, a m aj or c on fl ic

T he J us ti ce D ep ar tm en t c as e a ga in st S ie ge lm an a nd S cr us hy w as n ot s ta ge d o ut o f t he F ed er al b ui ld in g i n M on tg om er y b ut i n a 4 0,B as e o ut si de o f M ont go me ry. T he u se o f a m ili ta ry b as e t o c ar ry ou t a ci vi l pr ose cu ti on , esp ec ial ly ag ai nst a f or me r go ver no r, w as

r e pr e se n te d a n o m in o us i n cu r si o n o f t h e m i li t ar y i n to c i vi l ia n l a w e nf o rc em e nt a n d t h e j u st i ce s y st e m.However, when Fuller's links to Doss and that firm's training of at least one of the accused 9/11 hijackers is considered, the us e ofa nd r ep re se nt ed a n a tt em pt b y F ul le r a nd t op J us ti ce D ep ar tm en t o ff ic ia ls t o c ov er -u p t he P en ta go n' s r ol e i n 9 /1 1.

S up re me C ou rt A ss oc ia te J us ti ce E le na K ag an , w hi le S ol ic it or G en er al u nd er A tt or ne y G en er al E ri c H ol de r, d id n ot hi ng t o v ac at e oS ieg el man . I n H ol der a nd P re si de nt O bam a k ep t i n p la ce as U. S. A tt or ne y i n M on tg om er y L eu ra C an ar y, t he w if e o f A la bam a GO P g

I t w as o nl y a ft er F ul le r' s w if e, L is a B oy d F ul le r, b ec am e a wa re o f a n o n- go in g a ff ai r b et we en F ul le r a nd o ne o f h is d ep ut y c le rk s, K e problem. Some five months before Mrs . Fuller filed divorce papers against Fuller on May 10, 2012, Dos s Aviation was s old to J .F. LS ec re ta ry an d 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n m em be r J oh n L eh man . T he l aw f ir m t ha t w or ke d o ut t he d et ai ls o f t he s al e w as J on es D ay , a f ir m wI nt el li ge nc e A ge nc y. B y d iv es ti ng h im se lf o f D os s' s a ss et s, F ul le r c ou ld e sc ap e h is w if e' s c la im s o n D os s p ro fi ts a s s ha re d m ar ri agt h e U .S . g o ve r nm e nt ' s f o re kn o wl e dg e o f t h e e ve n ts o f 9 / 11 .

S ie ge lm an a nd h is l aw ye rs w il l a rg ue f or l en ie nc y b ef or e F ul le r i n M on tg om er y. I t i s a m ar k o f o ur c or ru pt j ud ic ia l s ys te m t ha t i t i s S judge. In a more perfect world and in a more perfect union, it would be J udge Siegelman deciding the fate of Mr. Fuller, a corrupt fo

terrorism.

WMR W if e o f 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n c o- ch ai r k il le d b y h er o wn c ar . .. Au gu st 1 4- 15 , 2 01 2

O n A ug us t 1 1, a m on th f ro m t he 1 1t h a nn iv er sa ry o f t he S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1, a tt ac ks , N an cy H am il to n, t he 8 2- ye ar o ld w if e o f f or met he H ou se P er ma ne nt S el ec t C om mi tt ee o n I nt el li ge nc e a nd t he c o- ch ai r o f t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n t ha t i nv es ti ga te d t he a tt ac ks , w as kveterinarian's office.

M rs . H am il to n, a cc or di ng t o B lo om in gt on P ol ic e, d id n ot h av e h er v eh ic le 's t ra ns mi ss io n i n p ar k w he n s he e xi te d t he c ar a ro un d 4 :1 behind the vehicle, a later model Toyota C amry, the car backed up and ran her over. The Monroe C ounty medical examiner reporteche st an d he ad. T he po lic e s ai d th e car kn ock ed o ve r M rs. Ha mi lto n an d th en p roce ede d t o r ol l o ver he r. M rs. Ham il ton w as tr ansp

S t re et a n d s h e d i ed h o ur s l a te r a t I U H ea l th - Bl o om i ng t on H os p it al .

I t i s u nu su al t ha t t he p ol ic e w ai te d t wo d ay s t o r ep or t t he s ee mi ng ly b iz ar re i nc id en t i nv ol vi ng M rs . H am il to n a nd h er d ea th , w hi ch News , and local Indiana news papers and radio and televis ion s tations did not report the death of Mrs . Hamilton for almos t two full

a lo ne a t t he t im e o f t he a cc id en t.

A lt ho ug h f or o ve r a d ec ad e, d ri ve rs h av e n ot b ee n a bl e t o r em ov e t he k ey f ro m t he i gn it io n u nl es s t he t ra ns mi ss io n w as i n p ar k, M r pet from the back, and the vehicle went into revers e and ran her over. The B loomington police have made it clear that they cons ide

News paper and televis ion network web s ite blogs became inundated not with mes s ages of remors e but a s pate of pos tings that critH a m i lt o n d e se r v e d w ha t s h e g o t u nd e r " O b am a c a re . " M a n y o f t he p o s t i ng s a p p ea r e d t o b e a ut o m a ti c a l l y- g e n er a t e d f ro m g o v e rn ms e rv i ce s a n d m i l it a r y.

Fr iend s o f M rs. Ham il to n r evea led t ha t desp it e her 82 y ear s o f ag e, she ma in tai ned all her men tal fa cul ti es, w it h on e st at in g M rs. H

T he m et ho d i n w hi ch M rs . H am il to n d ie d w as n ot t he f ir st s uc h b iz ar re d ea th i nv ol vi ng a d ri ve r- le ss v eh ic le a nd s om eo ne c lo se t o tO ct ob er 1 0, 2 00 3: O ct ob er 1 0 , 2 00 3, 1 20 0 P DT , - - W AS HI NG TO N, A t a ro un d 9 P M o n S ep te mb er 2 9, F ai rf ax C ou nt y, V ir gi ni a p ol it he y so on d isc ov er ed t he y we re n ot d ea li ng wi th a r out in e e me rge ncy bu t t he m yst er io us d ea th o f a n e mpl oye e o f t he 47 -y ea r o ld bMa rv in B ush . Si xt y- two y ear o ld B ert ha C hamp agn e, d escr ibed as a lo ng t im e "b aby si tter " f or M ar vi n and M ar gar et B ush's tw o chcrushed to death by her own vehicle in a driveway in front of the B ush family home in the Alexandria section of Fairfax C ounty. C h

C ha mp ag ne h ad l ef t t he r es id en ce t o r et ri ev e s om et hi ng f ro m h er c ar , w hi ch p ol ic e s ay h ad s om eh ow b ee n " le ft i n g ea r. "

On O cto ber 21 , 2005 , W MR was t he f irst t o rep or t on th e con ten ts of t he p ol ice rep or t on th e C ha mpag ne d eath , a cop y of whi ch weD ep ar t me nt . T h e p ol i ce n ev er o f fi c ia ll y r el ea se d t h e r ep or t . T he r e po rt , w ri t te n b y P f c C . E . B e ec h, s ta te d: " Se pt e mb er 0 9 -2 9- 0 3 a t as up er vi so r t o r es po nd t o 6 20 2 F t. H un t R d. f or a s in gl e v eh ic le f at al it y. W hi le o n s ce ne I d is co ve re d a b la ck O ld s B ra va da i n t he t re

a ls o b lo od a nd g la ss d eb ri s i n t he d ri ve wa y. T he o pe ra to r o f t he v eh ic le w as t ra ns po rt ed b y g ro un d t o M t. V er no n M em or ia l H os pi tfor Marvin B ush who resides at 6202 Ft. Hunt R d. B y the time I arrived on scene the body was already transported to Mt. Vernonin ter view ed Ma rv in B ush. M ar vi n stat ed t hat h e ar ri ved ho me at ap pr ox im ate ly 20 45 ho ur s. He adv ise d m e t ha t he had a br ief co nvM a r v i n t ha t s h e w a n t s t o s h ow h i m a v i d e o t a p e o f h e r a n d P r e si d e n t B u sh . S h e t h e n l e a ve s t h e r e s i de n c e t o t a k e o ut t h e f a m i l y d ocr ash. Th er e wer e no si gn s o f a ny ot her t yp e of c ri me i nvol ved wi th t his eve nt . T he vi ct im had a ll her mo ney i n he r wal let an d al l h




pos s es sion. According to the Medical Examiner, B ertha's injuries were related to this cras h. There were no blunt injuries or injuries

T he o ff ic ia l p ol ic e a nn ou nc em en t o f C ha mp ag ne 's d ea th m ad e n o m en ti on o f M ar vi n B us h o r a v id eo t ap e: " A 6 2- ye ar -o ld A le xa nda nd a b ui ld in g. T he c ra sh h ap pe ne d o n M on da y, a ro un d 9 p m, n ea r t he i nt er se ct io n o f F or t H un t R oa d a nd E dg eh il l D ri ve . B er th ad ri ve wa y. T he c ar , w hi ch w as l ef t i n g ea r, b eg an t o r ol l f or wa rd . C ha mp ag ne w as p in ne d b et we en t he c ar a nd a s ma ll b ui ld in g n ex tc r os s ed F o rt H u nt R o ad , a n d c a me t o r e st i n a w o od e d a r ea . C h am p ag n e w a s t a ke n t o I n ov a M o un t V e rn o n H o sp i ta l w h er e s h e w

A s i n t he c as e o f N an cy H am il to n' s T oy ot a C am ry , C ha mp ag ne 's 2 00 0 O ld s B ra va da c ou ld n ot h av e e as il y s li pp ed o ut o f g ea r w it hm os t c ar s' i gn it io ns l oc k i f t he c ar 's t ra ns mi ss io n i s n ot p la ce d i n p ar k.

A s W MR r ep or te d o n O ct ob er 2 1, 2 00 5: " Th e p ol ic e r ep or t r ef er s t o M ar vi n B us h' s o cc up at io n a s ' sa le s. ' I n f ac t, M ar vi n B us h s er vw ee ks p ri or t o C ha mp ag ne 's d ea th , S ec ur ac om ( wh ic h p ro vi de d s ec ur it y f or D ul le s I nt er na ti on al A ir po rt a nd t he W or ld T ra de C en t

board of HC C Ins urance Holdings , inc. (formerly Hous ton C as ualty C ompany), one of the re-ins urers for the World Trade C enter.a f in an ci al i nv es tm en t f ir m, a lo ng w it h A . S co tt A nd re ws , a f or me r c hi ef f in an ci al o ff ic er ( un ti l 1 99 4) f or W or ld co m. B us h h ad a ls oP al es ti ni an -o wn ed f ir m w it h h ea dq ua rt er s i n t he C ay ma n I sl an ds a nd a U .S . o ff ic e i n C or al G ab le s, F lo ri da . I n 2 00 2, B us h l ef t t he b oC ommis s ion inves tigation."

Ber th a C hampag ne, as n ow r epor ted fr om Bl oomi ngt on, In diana, was not t he on ly p erson wit h a l in k to th e event s of 9/ 11 t o di e i n awidel y cr it ici zed f or not f ull y i nvest igat ing 9/ 11, lat er reveal ed t hat the commi ssion had been l ied to by the CI A, among ot hers. In Di nq ui ry ? T he a ns we r i s c le ar ly y es ." H am il to n a ls o s ai d s en io r m il it ar y o ff ic er s, i nc lu di ng t ho se f ro m t he N or th A me ri ca n A ir D ef enC o mm i ss i on , a n d t he C o mm i ss io n c o ns i de r ed " r ec om m en d in g c ri m in al c h ar g es f o r s uc h f a ls e s ta t em e nt . "

In t hei r book, Wi thout P recedent : T he Inside St ory of the 9/11 Commi ssion, Hami lton and f ellow 9/ 11 chai r and f ormer New Jersey" s et u p t o f a il , " r e it e ra t in g t h at P e nt a go n a n d F e de r al A v ia t io n A v ia t io n ( F AA ) o f fi c ia l s r e pe a te d ly l i ed a n d t h at t h e c o mm i ss i on co f j us ti ce b y t he t he B us h a dm in is tr at io n. " L ee H am il to n r em ai ns a m em be r o f t he H om el an d S ec ur it y A dv is or y C ou nc il , a p ar t o f t h

With the chairmen of the 9/11 C ommission maintaining that the commission was "set up to fail," it is not a leap to consider that twot he i nv es ti ga ti on o f 9 /1 1 - - L ee H am il to n a nd M ar vi n B us h - - w er e " se t u p" t o d ie .

W M R C l ea n in g u p t he 9 /1 1 e vi de nc e a nd c lu es i n F lo ri da A ug us t 1 5- 16 , 2 01 2 - -

Venice, FL (W MR ) - - I t was not l ong after t he 9/11 attacks t hat federal law enforcement began seizing cri me scene evi dence in NewP e nn s yl v an i a. F l or i da , w h er e s ev e ra l o f t h e a l le g ed 9 / 11 h i ja c ke r s t r ai n ed , h a s b e en n o e x ce p ti o n t o t h e " c le a n- u p" o p er a ti o ns .

I n V en ic e, w he re a ll eg ed h ij ac ke rs M oh am me d A tt a, M ar wa n a l- Sh eh hi , a nd Z ia d J ar ra h r ec ei ve d f li gh t t ra in in g, A tt a a nd a l- Sh eh hiT ra in in g C en te r, b ot h l oc at ed a t V en ic e A ir po rt , w ha t w as o nc e t he t al k o f t he t ow n i s n ow h ar dl y m en ti on ed . V en ic e, w hi ch h as as le ep y r et ir em en t c om mu ni ty o n t he s ho re s o f t he G ul f o f M ex ic o. H er e, " 91 1" i s l ik el y t o b e a n or ma l e ve ni ng b ed ti me r at he r t ha n

T he c ur re nt r es id en ts o f t he S an dp ip er A pa rt me nt s a re , f or t he m os t p ar t, u na wa re t ha t t he ir c om pl ex w as t he f oc us o f a n i nv es ti ga tiAm an da K el ler , cl ai me d t o ha ve l iv ed i n a n ap ar tm en t at t he c om pl ex f rom M ar ch t o A pr il 2 00 1. H ow ev er , K el ler l at er c han ge d h er sf or gi ve n f or c ha ng in g h er s to ry . W hi le t he F BI m ai nt ai ns t ha t A tt a w as o nl y i n V en ic e a tt en di ng f li gh t s ch oo l f ro m J ul y t o D ec em bAir por t Ave nue E ast f rom t he San dp ip er Apa rt me nt s, re sid ent s o f Ven ice saw At ta in t he t own i n th e t he week s l ead in g u p to 9 /1 1.o n t el ev is io n f ol lo wi ng t he a tt ac ks . F ro m a p ha rm ac is t w he re A tt a h ad p re sc ri pt io ns f il le d, t o a d el i c ou nt er w or ke r a t P ub li x w ho ma r ud e a nd a rr og an t m an w it h a g la ss y s ta re t ha t i nd ic at ed h e h ad , s om eh ow , b ee n i n a m en ta l i ns ti tu ti on o r " br ai nw as he d. "

T he a pa rt me nt , c en te r, u pp er f lo or , w he re M oh am me d A tt a i s s ai d t o h av e l iv ed w it h A ma nd a K el ly i n t he w ee ks l ea di ng u p t o 9 /1 1.

A cc om pa ny in g A tt a i n t he w ee ks b ef or e 9 /1 1 w as h is f at he r, r ep or te dl y a m em be r o f t he E gy pt ia n M us li m B ro th er ho od . O ne V en icA ir F or ce B as e i n A la ba ma , s he a nd h er c ol le ag ue s s aw M oh am me d A tt a, w ho w as w ea ri ng t he u ni fo rm o f a n E gy pt ia n A ir F or ce c

How did the FB I react to eyewitness claims? They told them they were mis taken. The man they thought was Atta was some otherc om mu ni ty o f 1 0, 00 0 m os tl y r et i re d p eo pl e f or s om e u n kn ow n r ea so n .

L oc al t ow ns pe op le k ne w A tt a w as i n t he ir t ow n s ix w ee ks b ef or e 9 /1 1. H e h ad b ee n s ee n h av in g d in ne r w it h R ud i D ek ke rs , t he s ha d partner, Wally Hilliard, bought Huffman Aviation. According to a Venice C IA s ource, the choice of Dekkers to be involved in a U.w as u nw is e. T he s ou rc e s ai d t ha t u si ng a D ut ch ma n i n s uc h a n o pe ra ti on w as " un ti dy ," r ef er ri ng t o D ek ke rs 's c ri mi na l p as t i n t heo pe ra ti ve s, w ho l ik e t o g et d ru nk a nd s ta rt t al ki ng .

F or t he 9 /1 1 p lo tt er s, V en ic e w as a w ea k l in k t ha t c ou ld h av e e xp os ed t he e nt ir e c ri mi na l c on sp ir ac y b eh in d 9 /1 1. A tt a' s n ot ic ea bl e" un ti di ne ss ," t hr ea te ne d t o l in k t he V en ic e f li gh t t ra in in g o pe ra ti on t o G ov er no r J eb B us h i n T al la ha ss ee a nd a ll t he w ay t o t he W hi

pos ed a problem. He had often s aid that the police were ordered by the city fathers of Venice never to ques tion or interfere with thi nc lu de d B la ck ha wk h el ic op te rs s wo op in g i n f or o nl y a f ew s ec on ds , s om et im es a ro un d 3 :0 0 a m, w he n t he y w ou ld p ic k u p o r d is ch

beholden to the man who was heavily inves ted in the town: J acks on Stephens , the billionaire Little R ock, Arkans as tycoon who haC li nt on a nd G eo rg e W . B us h.




Veni ce M uni ci pal Air por t was used b y th e m il itar y du rin g Wo rld W ar II as a ba se. B ut i t was no t j ust an y re gul ar b ase, i t was usedo f t he C IA , t o t ra in N at io na li st C hi ne se p il ot s t o f ig ht a ga in st t he J ap an es e. T he o pe ra ti on w as o ve rs ee n b y G en er al C la ir e C he nn aK ai -s he k' s f or ce s b ef or e a nd d ur in g A me ri ca 's e nt ry i nt o W or ld W ar I I. C he nn au lt w as a ls o a f ou nd er o f t he C iv il A ir P at ro l, w hi chw as a s up po rt er o f t he L ou isi an a C iv il A ir P at ro l, w hi ch o nc e c ou nt ed J am es B at h, G eo rg e W . B us h' s T ex as A ir N at io na l G ua rd f ri e

pilot B arry Seal; alleged J ohn F. Kennedy as s as s ination cons pirator David Ferrie; and accus ed Kennedy as s as s in Lee Harvey Os w

H uf fm an A vi at io n, o nc e t he i nt er es t o f t he F BI , w it h a n ew i de nt it y: S on co as t A ir C en te r.

T od ay , A ma nd a K el le r h as m ov ed a wa y t o s ta rt a n ew l if e. H uf fm an A vi at io n w as b ou gh t a nd n ow t he b ui ld in g i s c al le d " Su nc oa st

d i sa p pe a re d i n to a n a d mi n is t ra t iv e " b la ck h o le . " A n d V e ni c e h a s r e tu r ne d t o a s l ee p y r e ti r em en t c o mm u ni t y.

WMR A ug us t 2 0- 2 1, 2 01 2, K ey W es t, F L ( W MR ) - - M oh am me d A tt a' s m ys te ri o us pas s p ort

W MR 's i nv es ti ga ti on o f a cc us ed 9 /1 1 h ij ac ke r M oh am me d A tt a' s w he re ab ou ts p ri or t o t he S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1, t er ro ri st a tt ac ks s trorder to provide a plaus ible cover s tory about his pas s port that would be provided to the media following the attacks .

New York Police C ommis s ioner B ernard Kerik reported to C B S's News 's Scott Pelley that "one of the hijackers '" pas s ports was fouW or ld T ra de C en te r. I t w as l at er r ep or te d t ha t t he p as sp or t w as i n p ri st in e c on di ti on a nd m an ag ed t o s ur vi ve t ha t w ay i n e xp lo si veA ir li ne s B oe in g 7 67 's " bl ac k b ox es " a nd m el te d s te el i n t he W or ld T ra de C en te r. I t w as a ls o l at er r ep or te d t ha t t he p ri st in e p as sp or twas f ou nd b y a "p ed est ria n. " I t sh ou ld b e ke pt i n m in d t hat f or week s af ter 9 /1 1, on ly a ut ho ri zed i nd ivi du al s wer e pe rm itt ed n ear "to go s outh beyond 34th Street.

I t wa s al so r ep or te d t ha t a " Moh am ed A tt a" ( the re a re a nu mber o f t ran sl ite rat ion s of Ar ab ic na me s in to E ng li sh an d M oha me d i s ot r a v el e d o n a n o v el t y p a s sp o r t i s su e d b y t h e C on c h R e p u bl i c , a f a n t as y n a t i on t h a t w a s e st a b l i sh e d a s a p r o te s t i n 1 9 8 2 b y t he F l o rsta ti on o n U. S. H ig hw ay 1 in F lor ida C ity , j ust so ut h of Ho mest ead , t o che ck f or i lle gal ali en s h ead in g no rth f rom t he K eys. T he pel ik e f or ei gn er s, t he y w ou ld s ec ed e f ro m t he U ni te d S ta te s. T he b or de r c he ck w as f in al ly r em ov ed b ut t he C on ch R ep ub li c l iv ed o n,s ym bo li c r ep ub li c t ha t w or ke d i n t an de m w it h t he C ha mb er o f C om me rc e o f t he K ey s a nd t he m un ic ip al g ov er nm en t o f K ey W es t tK ey s. T he m ay or o f K ey W es t a ls o s er ve s a s t he " pr im e m in is te r" o f t he C on ch R ep ub li c.

B ut t he h um or o f t he C on ch R ep ub li c a nd t he n ov el ty p as sp or ts i t i ss ue s w as s ee mi ng ly l os t o n s om e i nd iv id ua ls w ho , i n S ep te mblo cat ion s i n P aki st an, In di a, a nd t he Un ited A rab E mi rat es. T he su dd en spa te o f su ch r equ est s l ed o ff ici al s of th e C on ch R ep ub li c to( IN S) i n M iam i o f a p ot en tia l p rob le m wi th p eop le wh o mi ght be t ryi ng t o en te r t he Uni ted St at es i ll ega ll y b y u si ng t he no ve lt y p asR ep ub li c d ra ft ed a l et te r f or t he r ec or d t ha t s uc h a r ep or t w as m ad e t o t he I NS .

I n F eb ru ar y 2 00 1, M oh am ed A tt a a nd h is s tr ip pe r/ li ng er ie m od el g ir lf ri en d, A ma nd a K el le r, w er e s po tt ed a ll o ve r K ey W es t. T he yc lu b; t he H ar d R oc k C af e; a nd S lo pp y J oe 's , t he n am e o f t he h au nt w he re n ov el is t E rn es t H em in gw ay d ra nk a nd , o n o cc as io n, p oi nwatching him.

B ut w hi le H em in gw ay d re w t he i nt er es t o f t he F BI , t he b ur ea u h ad n o s im il ar i nt er es t i n A tt a. I t w as w hi le A tt a a nd K el le r w er e a t tG er ma n- sp ea ki ng m an w ho a rr iv ed a t K ey W es t I nt er na ti on al A ir po rt . T he G er ma n- sp ea ki ng m an s ta ye d w it h A tt a a nd h is g ir lf ri enGerman left Key West. There have been some reports that the German man was Wolfgang B ohringer, a Swiss-German who tried to

but was as ked to leave by that nation's pres ident. B ohringer has been rumored to be a longtime C IA as s et from the s hady ranks ofD ek k er s, t h e o wn er o f H uf f ma n A v ia ti o n, t h e V en ic e, F lo r id a f l ig ht s ch oo l w he re A t ta w as e nr o ll ed .

Af te r 9 /1 1, t wo F BI age nt s ar riv ed at th e do or o f t he C onc h R ep ub li c, l ocat ed i n a tr ad iti onal Key W est woo d- fr am e ho use on S imo bars on Duval Street. It was clear that the agents were there becaus e of what was allegedly "found" in the rubble in New York: a pwho applied for it using a New York C ity mailing address. The FB I was told that the C onch R epublic was suspicious about some pMiddle Eas t and Indian s ub-continent and that the information was conveyed to the INS without a res pons e.

T he C on ch R ep ub li c v ol un ta ri ly t ur ne d o ve r t o t he F BI a ge nt s b an ke rs ' b ox es c on ta in in g s om e 2 5, 00 0 C on ch R ep ub li c p as sp or t a pc op ie s o f s up po rt in g i de nt if ic at io n d oc um en ts , a nd e ve n t he D NA f ro m l ic ke d e nv el op es a nd p os ta ge s ta mp s. I t w as f ro m t he se f ilYor k w as di sco ver ed, b ut th e FB I pr esum abl y al rea dy k new t ha t f rom w hat was f ou nd i n p er fect s hap e in t he deb ris o f t he W or ld TA tt a s ec ur e, t he F BI l ea ke d t he C on ch R ep ub li c p as sp or t a pp li ca ti on i nf or ma ti on t o t he M ia mi H er al d. T he p ap er d is pa tc he d r ep or tR e p u b li c S ec r e t a ry G e ne r a l Pe t e r An d e r s on . B a bs o n as k e d A n d e r so n w h y A t t a " h a d be e n u si n g a C o n c h R e p u bl i c p as s p o rt t o tr a

pers onally pos s es s ed s uch a pas s port, let alone having traveled on one.

T he H er al d' s F BI s ou rc e o r s ou rc es w er e n ot t ru th fu l i n w ha t t he y p as se d o n t o t he p ap er , i nf or ma ti on t ha t w as r ep ea te d i n B ab so n'" M o h am e d A t ta " s i g n ed t h e C o nc h R e p ub l i c 's r e g i st r a t i on b o o k a t th e i r K ey W e s t h ea d q u ar t e r s ( c u r re n t l y , vi s i t s t o t h e h ea d q u ar t eH ow ev er , t he H er al d r ep or te d t ha t a ge nt s w er e u na bl e t o f in d A tt a' s p as sp or t a pp li ca ti on i n t he 2 5, 00 0 f il es . W MR h as b ee n t ol d t h

New York C ity, where there was never any record of the alleged hijacker Atta having s tayed.

T her e ar e st ro ng su sp ici on s b y i nf or me d pa rt ie s i n Ke y W es t t ha t so meo ne e lse a pp li ed f or t he C on ch R ep ubl ic p as sp or t us ing t he pas s port was dropped into the debris on Ves ey Street near the Trade C enter s ite. In turn, the pas s port was handed to Kerik.




K er ik , w ho i s p re se nt ly s er vi ng a p ri so n t er m a ft er a f ed er al c or ru pt io n c on vi ct io n, h as n ev er r ev ea le d w ho g av e h im t he p as sp or t iex pr es sed f ear t hat he spo ke t oo m uc h ab ou t t he de tai ls o f 9/ 11, h e wo uld be p lace d i n t he g en er al p riso n p op ula tio n - - a vi rt ual d em in im um s ec ur it y p ri so n w he re h e i s n ow s er vi ng o ut h is t er m.

A tt a' s o nl y k no wn p as sp or t w as h is E gy pt ia n p as sp or t, n um be r 1 61 70 66 , w it h a U .S . B 1/ B2 v is a, n um be r 3 41 37 93 2, i ss ue d a t t he U .

T h e v i s i t b y t he t w o F B I a g e n t s, s u p e r vi s o r y r e si d e n t a g en t R a e B l i s s a nd h e r d e p u t y A nt h o n y R u ss o , t o t h e C o n c h R ep u b l i c o f fi pas s port is not s upported by the conclus ions of the 9/11 C ommis s ion, which s tated: "The FB I and C IA have uncovered no evidenl ea rn ed t ha t F BI a ge nt B li ss 's h us ba nd w as , a t t he t im e o f t he i nv es ti ga ti on , a C IA o ff ic er a ss ig ne d t o t he J oi nt T as k F or ce -K ey W e

M ia mi . B li ss a nd h er h us ba nd a re n ow r et ir ed .M oh am ed o r M oh am me d A tt a n ev er t ra ve le d o n t hi s p as sp or t, b ut s om eo ne c la im in g t o b e h im , o rd er ed i t a nd t os se d i n t he d eb ri s

T ho se f am ili ar wi th A tt a's K ey W es t v isi t in F eb ru ar y 2 001 , sai d he p osse sse d a n umb er o f pa ssp or ts an d sp oke a nu mbe r of l an gui n 2 00 1, a n um be r o f I sr ae l D ef en se F or ce r es er vi st s, o pe ra te d m an y o f t he s ma ll b ou ti qu e s ho ps i n K ey W es t, w hi ch s ol d e ve ry th ik it sc hy s ou ve ni rs . T he I DF v en do rs , a cc or di ng t o o ur s ou rc es , p er io di ca ll y f le w b ac k a nd f or th t o I sr ae l i n t he m on th s l ea di ng u p t

W MR l ea rn ed t ha t t he C on ch R ep ub li c p as sp or t i s v al ue d a s m or e t ha n a " to y" o r " so uv en ir ." A n um be r o f U .S . m il it ar y, i nt el li ge nh a v e o r d e r ed t h e pa s s po r t i n or d e r t o t r a v el t o c ou n t r i es w h er e s h ow i n g a U . S . pa s s po r t w h il e i n si d e t h e c o u n tr y c o ul d c a us e p r ob lv is a i n t he C on ch R ep ub li c p as sp or t, w hi ch a mu se s C on ch R ep ub li c o ff ic ia ls , s in ce i t i s a d e f ac to r ec og ni ti on b y o th er g ov er nm en

U su al ly , v is as a re s ta mp ed a ft er a n o ff ic ia l p as sp or t i s p re se nt ed t o a n i mm ig ra ti on o ff ic er , b it n ot a ll t he t im e. O ff ic ia l v is as i n C on

o ff ic er s f ro m M ex ic o, S t. L uc ia , S t. V in ce nt a nd t he G re na di ne s a nd B eq ui a, T ur ks a nd C ai co s I sl an ds , S t. E us ta ti us , S t. M aa rt en , S tB r it is h V ir g in I s la nd s, a nd - - - t h e U ni t ed S t at es .

9/11 Truth Whi

D r. A l an S a br os k y Wikipedia ... has openly accused Israel of orchestrSabrosky (Ph.D., University of Michigan], 1976]) citation needed], is agraduate of the U. S. Army War C ollege. He is also a writer and consula ff ai rs. I n D ec em ber 1 98 8, h e r ece iv ed t he S up er io r C iv il ian S er vi ce AA rm y W ar C ol le ge a s D ir ec to r o f S tu di es , S tr at eg ic S tu di es I ns ti tu te , aM ac Ar th ur C ha ir o f R es ea rc h. D r. S ab ro sk y' s t ea ch in g a nd r es ea rc h a pAcademy, the C enter for Strategic and International Studies (C SIS), Mig ov er nm en t s er vi ce , h e h el d c on cu rr en t a dj un ct pr of es so rs hi ps at Ge oSchool of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). Dr. Sabrosky has leU n i t ed St a t e s a n d a b r o a d. . . . A re p r e se n t a ti v e q u o t e b y D r . S a b r o sk




not only did Israel attack the USS Liberty, they did 9/11. They did it. Iw ith co nt act s at t he Ar my W ar C ol le ge , a t i t's h ea dq uar ter s, M ar ine Cis 100 percent certain that 9/11 was a Mossad operation. Period." In a lt ha t t he y d id i t. A nd i f t he y d o, I sr ae l i s g on na d is ap pe ar . I sr ae l w il l f lan ee de d] Sa br os ky ha s n ot br ou gh t a ny ne w e vi de nc e ( a nd do es no t c oforthcoming, other than a possible confes sion from one of the 9-11 org

part J ewish hims elf, and of being a Profes sor and former Vietnam Mari pos ition on 9-11, and its jus tification for its wars . He has als o providede va lu at i ng 9 - 11 i n “ De my st i fy in g 9 - 11 : I sr ae l a nd t he T a ct i cs o f M is ta k

Susan Landauer A 9 /1 1 T ru th a ct iv is t, C IA a ss et , a nd w hi st le bl ow er wi ll eg al i nv as io n o f I r aq . .. Wikipedia Lindauer i s t he d aughter of Johnf or me r R ep ub li ca n n om in ee f or G ov er no r o f A la sk a. H er m ot he r w as J acI n 1995 her father m ar ried Dor othy Oremus, a C hicago attor ney who all ar ge st c em en t c om pa ny i n t he M id we st . L in da ue r i s a ls o a s ec on d c ouCard. ... She gr aduated f rom Smit h Col lege i n 1985. She earned a masEconomics. She worked as a temporary reporter at the Seattle Post-Intelw ri te r a t t he T he E ve re tt H er al d i n E ve re tt , W as hi ng to n i n 1 98 9. S he t hW or ld R ep or t i n 1 99 0 a nd 1 99 1. S he t hen wo rk ed f or R ep re se nt at iv e P eR on W yd en , D -O re go n ( 19 94 ) b ef or e j oi ni ng t he o ff ic e o f S en at or C ar o

pres s s ecretary and s peech writer. On J anuary 8, 2003, s he delivered ai nt er ced e wi th P resi den t Ge or ge W . B ush t o n ot i nv ad e I raq , an d o ff erC ar d i s h er s ec on d c ou si n. H er f ir st p ol it ic al ly -r el at ed c on ta ct w it h f or ma rr es te d o n M ar ch 1 1, 2 00 4 i n T ak om a P ar k, M ar yl an d a nd c ha rg ed w ig ov er nm en t" . T he i nd ic tm en t a ll eg ed t ha t s he a cc ep te d U S$ 10 ,0 00 f r od enie s r eceiv in g t he mon ey, but co nf ir ms tak ing a tr ip t o B ag hdad , c laiw as r el ea se d o n b on d o n M ar ch 1 3, 2 00 4, t o a tt en d a n a rr ai gn me nt t hementally unstable, but has a mass of records proving otherwise see v

Sibel Edmonds JustaCitizen i n h er n ew m em oi r, S ib el E dm on ds the m osu rr ea l j our ney th at b eg in s wi th t he sec ret ive F BI an d d own t he da rk hand finally, to the national security whis tleblowers movement she s peadictatorships, Edmonds knows firs thand what can happen when govers ob er in g p er sp ec ti ve t ha t c om bi ne s p ai nf ul e xp er ie nc e w it h a r al ly in gl aw br ea ke rs a cc ou nt ab le . W it h U .S . c it iz en s i nc re as in gl y s tr ip pe d o f t hstory is a wake-up call f or all Americans who, willingly or unwillingly, t

C h a rl i e S h e en video and DailyMail.uk C harlie Sheen has provoked o behind the September 11 terror attacks . Ahead of today's eighth annives t a r h as i n s i st e d t h er e w a s a co v e r -u p . A n d he h a s a pp e a l ed t o P r e si d eat tacks on t he W or ld Tr ad e C ent re t ower s in New Yo rk a nd th e Pen ta gs ho wn h er e w it h e x- wi fe D en is e R ic ha rd s i n 2 00 5, h as d em an de d B ar act he h ig he st -p ai d a ct or o n U .S . T V, a rg ue s t ha t ' th e o ff ic ia l 9 /1 1 s to ry i si nv es ti ga te w as a w hi te wa sh . H e c la im s t he a tt ac ks s im pl y s er ve d ' as tC o ns ti t ut i on a nd B i ll o f R i gh t s' .F ra nk G re g F or d - was a member of the team that dis covered the caniteam arrived to take pos s es s ion of the evidence and later des troyed it.g o ve r nm e nt f o r t h e r e ta li a ti o n h e e x pe r ie n ce d f o r h i s t e am ' s d i sc o ve r y.G r eg P a la s t Wikipedia (born June 26, 1952) is a New York Times-best

B roa dc ast in g C or por at io n a s we ll a s th e B rit ish ne ws pa pe r T he O bs ermalfeasance but has also been known to work with labor unions and ch ave un cove re d e vi denc e t hat F lor id a G over nor Jeb B ush, F lo ri da Se cr




U ni t C hi ef C la y R ob er ts , a lo ng w it h t he C ho ic eP oi nt c or po ra ti on , r ig ge2 00 0 a nd a ga in i n 2 00 4 w he n, h e a rg ue d, t he p ro bl em s a nd m ac hi na ti oK er ry a ct ua ll y w ou ld h av e w on i f n ot f or d is pr op or ti on al " sp oi la ge " o f J e s s e V e n tu r a Wikipedia (born July 15, 1951), better known as Jessev et er an , a nd f or me r p ro fe ss io na l w re st le r w ho s er ve d a s t he 3 8t h G ov eras a Navy UDT member during the Vietnam War. He later embarked on1 98 6, t ak in g u p t he s ta ge n am e J es se " Th e B od y" V en tu ra . V en tu ra f ir sM innesota f rom 1 991 to 1995. He r an as the R efor m Part y candidate incampaign was successful, and Ventura served from January 4, 1999, to

After leaving office, Ventura became a visiting fellow at Harvard Univhas also hosted a number of TV shows and has written s everal politicalM in ne so ta a nd C ab o S an L uc as, M ex ic o. . .. V en tu ra b ec am e c ri ti ca li nvolvem en t in the 9 /11 at tacks. . .. I n Apri l and May 2008, Jesse VenD o n' t S t ar t t h e Re v ol u ti o n W it h ou t M e , be g an t o e xp r es s c on c er n s abq ue st io ns o f t he S ep te mb er 1 1 a tt ac ks . H is r em ar ks a bo ut t he p os si bi li te xp lo si ves we re a lso r epea te d in new spap er and te lev isi on st or ies f ol loo n t he Al ex Jo ne s r adi o sho w on A pr il 2 , 20 08 w her e h e sai d t hat he f e

believes that World Trade C enter B uilding 7, which was not s truck bym anner whi ch resem bl ed a con tr ol led d emo li ti on Vent ur a stat ed: Ho wf ive h ou rs l at er ? T hat 's m y f ir st qu est io n. Th e 9 /11 C omm is sio n di dn'ti n ve s ti g at i on . . . . C o ns p ir a cy T h eo r y w i th J es se V e nt u ra M a in a r ti c le :2009, it was announced that Ventura would host TruTV's new show C ohunt down answers, plunging viewers into a world of s ecret meetings,f or ce s, " t ru TV s ai d i n a s ta te me nt . O n t he p ro gr am , w hi ch d eb ut ed o ni n v e st i g a t i ng c a s es a n d g e tt i n g i n pu t f r o m b e li e v e rs a n d s k ep t i c s be f ot o T ru TV , th e f irst e pi sode dr ew 1. 6 mi ll io n vi ewer s, a rec or d fo r a nes er ie s d eb ut ed i n O ct ob er 2 01 0 a nd a ir ed 8 e pi so de s t hr ou gh D ec em bea nd w il l a ir s om et im e i n 2 01 2.Michael Springman OpEdNews How A Visa B ureau C hief In Saudi A. .. W it h a n e mp lo ym en t h is to ry o f o ve r t we nt y y ea rs w it h t he f ed er al gin 1986 and was assigned to the American Consulate in Jeddah, Saudi

bureau s ection there.3 B efore leaving for J eddah, Springman was contW al te r C ut le r, w ho p as se d o n t o S pr in gm an r at he r o mi no us f or ew ar ni nc on ce rn in g h is n ew p os it io n. C ut le r, S pr in gm an s ay s, " ke pt t al ki ng a b

m ak e s ur e t ha t e ve ry th in g r an s mo ot hl y" .4 T hi s c on ve rs at io n w it h C ut lo dy ss ey f or S pr in gm an t ha t c ul mi na te d o n S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1. . .. So f w or k, M us li m m en w it h n o v is ib le s ki ll s t rav el in g f ro m o th er M us lie nt ry i nt o Am er ic a r at her t han ob tai ni ng t hat vi sa i n t hei r n at iv e co untSeptember 11, 2001. . .. S everal weeks after the 9/11 attacks it was rec om ma nd ee re d a ir cr af t o n t he m or ni ng o f S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1, f if te enJ eddah, Saudi Arabia.12 Springman was surpris ed to read this. He hadc lo se d do wn l on g be fo re t he 9 /1 1 at ta ck s, c on si de ri ng h e, " ha d co mp lc om pl ai ne d t o t he G en er al A cc ou nt in g O ff ic e" ha d c om pl ai ne d t o t he Sc om pl ai ne d t o t he B ur ea u o f C on su la r A ff ai rs a t t he S ta te D ep ar tm en t. "s to r m w ar n in gs e ma na ti ng f r om F o gg y B o tt o m. moreB BC - - The BBC blew the whistle on it own involvement in 9/11 YouT

T WI CE T he B BC r ep or te d t ha t a n um be r o f t he 9 1 1 ' hi ja ck er s' w er e s ti l' s us pe c ts ' a l iv e a n d w e ll )N e ws W ee k Aangirfan N ew sw ee k r ev ea le d t ha t f iv e o f t he a ll eg ed 9 /1

bas es . (MSNB C ) "Terroris ts in the September 11 attacks received trainis po ke sm an a dm it te d i n a n i nt er vi ew F ri da y. " T hr ee d ay s a ft er t he W Tr ep or te d t ha t 3 o f t he h ij ac ke rs h ad l is te d t he ir a dd re ss a s t he N av al A iS t e ve P i e cz e n ik 9/11 attacks were a B ush i nsi de job .... Steve Pi eczet hr il le rs a nd t he c o- cr ea to r o f t he b es t- se ll in g T om C la nc y' s O p- Ce nt erT ra in ed i n p sy ch ia tr y a t H ar va rd U ni ve rs it y a nd i nt er na ti on al r el at io nse x pe r ie n ce r e so l vi n g i n te r na t io n al c r is e s a n d h o st a ge s i tu a ti o ns f o r t h ea d m in i s tr a t io n s . StevePieczenik.com a nd . .. R ec ru it ed b y L aw re nc e EManagement, Pieczenik went on to develop, "the basic tenets for psyct ac ti cs f or t ra ns cu lt ur al n eg ot ia ti on s f or t he U S S ta te D ep ar tm en t, m il ito f t he U S G ov er nm en t, ” w hi le a ls o d ev el op in g f ou nd at io na l s tr at eg ie st he w or ld . . .. P ie cz en ik a ls o s er ve d a s a s en io r p ol ic y p la nn er u nd er Schultz and James B aker and worked on George W. B ush’s election caTony Shaffer Wikipedia (born 1962) is a U.S. Army Lieutenant Coloneli nt el li ge nc e b ef or e t he S ep te mb er 1 1 a tt ac ks a nd f or t he c en so ri ng o f h i




O hi o A rm y N at io na l G ua rd i n 1 98 0 a nd g ra du at ed f ro m O ff ic er C an di das ci en ce a nd e nv ir on me nt al s tu di es f ro m W ri gh t S ta te U ni ve rs it y i n 1 98I nt el li ge nc e A ge nc y ( DI A) f ai le d t o p ro pe rl y e va lu at e i nt el li ge nc e o n 9s ub se qu en tl y b ec am e k no wn a s t he A bl e D an ge r c on tr ov er sy . I n O ct oC ongress, Shaffer told the 9/11 C ommission staff director, Dr. Philip D.known as Able Danger had uncovered two of the three terrorist cells eS ha ff er r ep or te dl y t ol d Z el ik ow t ha t D IA l ea de rs hi p d ec li ne d t o s ha re te xp re ss ed c on ce rn s a bo ut t he l eg al it y o f d oi ng s o. S ha ff er a ls o a ss er teG e or g e T e ne t o n t h re e s ep a ra t e o c ca s io n s r e ga r di n g h i s u n it ' s a ct i vi t ie s

Shaff er's allegations, but in 2005 and 2006 the Chair man of the House S publicized Shaffer's allegations in public s tatements and hearings .P a ul C ra i g R o be rt s Wikipedia (born April 3, 1939) is an American ecos er ve d a s a n A ss is ta nt Se cr et ar y o f t he Tr ea su ry in th e R ea ga n A dm in iR eaganomics. He is a former editor and columnist for the Wall Street JS er vi ce wh o h as t est if ied be for e c ong ress io nal co mm it tees o n 3 0 o cc ao f I sr ae l, c al li ng G az a " th e w or ld 's l ar ge st c on ce nt ra ti on c am p" p op ul athat Israel could s teal their land." R oberts has been a critic of both DeR ob er ts p ra is ed R on al d R ea ga n, h e h as c om pa re d s up po rt er s o f G eo rgi nt el li ge nc e an d mo ra ls a s H it l er 's e nt hu si as ti c su pp or t er s. " He h as o ps ta ti ng i t h as " ma de w id ow s a nd o rp ha ns o f m il li on s o f M us li ms " . .. Owould think that if the report could s tand analys is , there would not bei ts e xp la na ti on s. " ( se e C ri ti ci sm s o f t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n R ep or t) . H econclude there is a large energy deficit in the official account of the codeficit remains unexplained. R oberts comments on the "scientific impo9 /1 1 a nd s ay s t ho se e ng in ee rs a nd p hy si ci st s w ho a cc ep t t hi s t he or y a r

by s tating what we know to be a s olid incontrovertible s cientific fact.much less s teel columned buildings, to “pancake” at free fall speed. Thexplanation of the collapse of the WTC buildings is fals e... Since the dinves tigated, s peculation and “cons piracy theories ” have filled the voiWayne Madsen Wikipedia (born April 25, 1954) is a Washington, D.C .s pe ci al iz in g i n i nt el li ge nc e a nd i nt er na ti on al a ff ai rs . H e i s t he a ut ho r o fw as s ta ti on ed a t t he C oo s H ea d N av al F ac il it y w hi ch h ad a n a ll ow an cec iv il ia ns . A cc or di ng t o M ad se n, w hi le O pe ra ti on s O ff ic er a t C oo s H eat he F BI a nd N av al C ri mi na l I nv es ti ga ti ve S er vi ce ( NC IS ) w hi ch u lt im at

pedophilia on 11 September 1982 and he was awarded a Navy Achievinvestigation. In 1984, Madsen was loaned to the National Security Ah el d a s er ie s o f j ob s, f ir st w or ki ng f or R CA a s a g ov er nm en t c on su lt an( NSA). Lat er h e worked for th e Nav y's Nav al Data Aut omati on C omme st ab li sh ed h is o wn c on su lt in g f ir m, t he n w or ke d f or t he N at io na l B ur e1 99 0 M ad se n j oi ne d C om pu te r S ci en ce s C or po ra ti on , w or ki ng t he re f r oP ri va cy I nf or ma ti on C en te r ( EP IC ) a s a s en io r f el lo w. I n l at e J an ua ry 2 0a s a f re e- la nc e j ou rn al is t. H e p ro du ce s a b lo g c al le d t he W ay ne M ad sesuch as C orpWatch, C ounterPunch, C overtAction Quarterly, In TheseC on se rv at iv e, T he P ro gr es si ve a nd T he V il la ge V oi ce . H is c ol um ns h aC olu mbus Dispatch, Ho ust on C hr onicle, Phi ladelphi a Inqu irer , M iamiW E T A -T V s " W h it e H o u se C h r o ni c l e" .

Danny Jowenko 911Blogger Dutch demolition expert Danny Jowenkoreportedly driving from church when he collided head-on with a tree.i s b est k now n i n t he 9/ 11 t ru th c omm un it y f or h is ana ly sis of B uil di nge n g in e e re d c o n tr o l le d d e m ol i t io n . 911Blogger Colleen Rowley C oleen R owley From the time she was eleven years ol

become an FB I agent. In J anuary of 1981, s he was appointed a Special Nebras ka and J acks on, Mis s is sippi Divis ions In 1984, s he was as s igne

she worked on Italian organized crime and Sicilian heroin drug investilanguage proficiency in Italian at the Defense Language Institute in Mt em por ar y d ut y assig nm ent s in t he P ar is, F ranc e E mbassy an d th e Mo nt o M in ne ap ol is w he re s he a ss um ed t he d ut ie s o f P ri nc ip al L eg al A dv is




r es po ns ib il it ie s e nt ai le d o ve rsi gh t o f t he F re ed om o f I nf or ma ti on , F or fePrograms as well as providing regular legal and ethics training to FB Itraining. ... In May of 2002, C oleen brought some of the pre 9/11 lal ig ht . T he 9 /11 C om mi ssi on su bse qu en tl y d es cr ibe d M ou ssao ui as ani nv est igat ion o f wh om m ay h ave l ed t o th e cen te r o f t he Al Q aed a p lotm an ne r. . .. I n J un e o f 2 00 2, C ol ee n t es ti fi ed t o t he S en at e J ud ic ia ry

by the FB I and the intelligence community.

K u rt S on n en b er g G r ou n d Z e ro video o f t h er m i te - c ut b e am s P au l F et ze r Veterans Today I am the founder of Scholars for 9/11 Trugraduate of Princeton and a Ph.D. in the his tory and the philos ophy of

a ssa ssi nat io n o f JF K a s we ll a s o n 9 /11 , wh er e I e di te d t he f ir st b ook f roo rg an iz ed a nd m od er at ed i ts f ir st c on fe re nc e, “ Th e S ci en ce a nd P ol it ic

produced its firs t DVD. ... created "The Science and Politics of 9/11" Da bo ut 9 /1 1 o n r ad io a nd t el ev is io n, i nc lu di ng a 3 .5 h ou r a pp ea ra nc e o n

broadcas t worldwide by s atellite, s peaking in New York in 2007 and ini n 2 00 8 an d 2 00 9, a nd o rg an iz in g a L on do n s ym po si um o n “ Deb un ki ngLee Hamilton Wikipedia (born April 20, 1931) is a former member of tc ur re nt ly a m em be r o f t he U .S . H om el an d S ec ur it y A dv is or y C ou nc il .r ep re se nt ed t he 9 th c on gr es si on al d is tr ic t o f I nd ia na f ro m 1 96 5 t o 1 99 9ser ve d o n a n umb er o f go ver nm ent al adv iso ry b oar ds, m ost no ta bly aswas critical of the commission, saying it was "set up to fail" . ... On Sa

Nancy Hamilton, died after being run over by her own car, when s he ar

o f h e r pe t s . Sh e h a d n o t l ef t t h e ca r i n pa r k w he n s h e g o t o ut a n d wa l klet her pet out, and it rolled backward and struck her, running her over,aagrifan




Topic Index

Plame / Wilson / Novak Pentagon m ole, A IPAC S pies AIPAC, G iuliani, M ukasey

PlamegateB rews ter J ennings & As s c.

F l o w c h ar tL e ak e rs , L e ak L a un d er e rs ?Miller, J udith & s u b p o e n aM i l le r , W M D d e ce p t io nTimeline ArchivePlamegate timeline

AIPACA IP AC - C h en ey

A IP AC R o se n W e is ma n T r ia lAMDOCSI ra q W ar P la ns 2 00 19 / 1 1 P r o pa g a nd aI s ra e li I n t el l i ge n ce , I r a nFranklin Indictment

Mukas ey, R os en, Weis s manC l i nt o n, A I PA C , I r an

I ra q W ar IranR o s en W e i ss m an T i m el i n eGiuliani, Mukasey, PalfreyC he ney / B -5 2 / S yr ia / I ranIsrael

Flight 7Marc Ri

Iran / S yIran, Ir IsraeliLedeenForged




Millions W o r ld w id e B e l ie v e 9 / 11 C o n sp i r ac y T h eo r i es

M il li on s W or l dw id e B e li ev e 9 /1 1 C on sp ir ac y T he or ie s M on da y, 2 7 S ep 2 01 0 0 1: 21 P M A rt ic le F on t S iz e B y: A rn au d D e B o rc hg ra

No s ooner did Iranian Pres ident Mahmoud Ahmadinejad s ugges t from the ros trum of the U.N. General As s embly that mos t of thec on sp ir ac y, t ha n 3 2 n at io ns f ol lo we d t he U .S . d el eg at io n a s i t w al ke d o ut .

T he se w er e m em be rs o f N AT O, t he E ur op ea n U ni on ( 21 c ou nt ri es a re m em be rs o f b ot h) , A us tr al ia , N ew Z ea la nd , a nd C os ta R ic a.

M or e i mp or ta nt ly , 1 67 n at io ns d id n' t b ud ge a nd w en t o n l is te ni ng t o t he I ra ni an 's i nc en di ar y s pe ec h.

W e k ee p f or ge tt in g t ha t c ou nt le ss m il li on s i n t he w or ld , i nc lu di ng m il li on s o f A me ri ca ns , h av e s wa ll ow ed t he m on um en ta l c an ar dd es ig ne d t o l eg it im iz e t he i nv as io ns o f A fg ha ni st an i n 2 00 1 a nd I ra q i n 2 00 3.

T he f ir st t o f in ge r t he U ni te d S ta te s a nd I sr ae l w as H am id G ul , t wo w ee ks a ft er 9 /1 1, i n a n i nt er vi ew w it h t hi s r ep or te r i n I sl am ab ad .

G ul , a f or me r h ea d o f P ak is ta ni i nt el li ge nc e a nd n ot or io us a nt i- Am er ic an , a dd ed t he U .S . A ir F or ce t o t he c on sp ir ac y m ix . T he " ev is crambled on 9/11 to intercept the pas s enger planes that had abandoned their flight plans .

G ul , a f ri en d o f O sa ma b in L ad en d at in g t o t he d ay s w he n t he y w er e a ll ie s a ga in st t he S ov ie t o cc up at io n o f A fg ha ni st an , h as y et tf r ie n ds f o r t w o w e ek s i m me d ia t el y p r ec e di n g 9 / 11 .

M or e r ec en tl y, i n C ai ro , t wo f or me r E gy pt ia n a mb as sa do rs t o t he U ni te d S ta te s t ol d m e t he y b el ie ve d t he re w as a M os sa d- CI A p lo

o n t er ro r. T he y p oi nt ed o ut t ha t w he n P re si de nt G eo rg e W . B us h d ec la re d G lo ba l W ar i n T er ro r, I sr ae li P ri me M in is te r A ri el S ha ro

For the two Egyptians , that validated their s us picions .

T he re w er e a ls o b es ts el li ng b oo ks a bo ut t he " fa ct c er ta in c on sp ir ac y" w ri tt en i n b ot h F re nc h a nd G er ma n, b y d if fe re nt a ut ho rs , t h

F or G or do n D uf f, a V ie tn am v et er an a nd s en io r e di to r o f " Ve te ra ns T od ay " a nd f re qu en t " se lf -h at in g A me ri ca n" g ue st o n r ad io acons piracy theory born.

"I n Am er ica ," h e wr ot e l ast we ek , " gr ou ps h av e b ee n p op pi ng u p f or ye ar s, no t 'f ri nge ' t yp es b ut m ili tar y an d p ro fessi on al o rg an izT he re i s a v as t u nd er gr ou nd t ha t i s n ev er r ep or te d, n ev er s po ke n o f i n t he n ew s a nd c on ti nu al ly t hr ea te ne d. T he F BI a nd H om el ahas been on a mas s ive s cale and, as the groups have grown and their reach has touched millions of Americans , the government, i' un pl ug gi ng ' t he I nt er ne t, a ll t ho se t hi ng s t he m il it ia m ov em en ts o f t he ' 90 s s ai d w ou ld h ap pe n. "

Out si de o f t he Uni ted S tat es, Du ff a dd s, no t i n t he M idd le Ea st , bu t C an ad a, E ur op e, L at in Am er ic a, an d t he F ar E ast , "f in di ng p el in e' a bo ut ' bo x c ut te rs a nd h ij ac ke rs ' i s d if fi cu lt . N o o ne w an ts t o r is k t he p ub li c s co rn o f s ee mi ng l ik e a n i mb ec il e. " more




C IA T hr ea ts o f F e de ra l P ro s ec ut i on D el ay 9 /1 1 D oc um en t ar y,

9 /1 1: P r es s f or T r ut h.

C IA T hr ea ts o f F ed er al P ro se cu ti on D el ay 9 /1 1 D oc um en ta ry . .. W ed ne sd ay , 1 4 S ep tem ber 2 01 1, 1 2: 30 p m P re ss R el eas e: K yl e journalis ts to delay an inves tigative podcas t naming C IA analys ts complicit in obs truction of key pre-9/11 intelligence. The podca

g ov er nm en t p er so nn el , i nc lu di ng R ic ha rd C la rk e, P as qu al e D ’A mu ro , B ob B ae r, a nd M ar k R os si ni , w ho e ch o c on ce rn s o f f or me r 9( FF 4) S ept em be r 12 , 2 01 1 – On T hu rsda y, t he C IA t hr ea ten ed t he j ou rna li st s b eh in d W ho I s R ich B lee? w it h po ssi bl e f ede ral p ro st wo C IA a na ly st s a t t he c en te r o f a p at te rn o f o bs tr uc ti on a nd m is ha nd li ng o f i nt el li ge nc e t ha t m an y f ee l w ou ld h av e s to pp ed t he 9 /A nt ho ny S ha ff er b ef or e t he m, t he p od ca st t ea m, i nc lu di ng J oh n D uf fy a nd R ay N ow os ie ls ki , a re b ei ng s ub je ct ed t o i nt im id at io n a

w hi st le o n t he t ru e s to ry s ur ro un di ng t wo a ll eg ed 9 /1 1 h ij ac ke rs , N aw af a l- Ha zm i a nd K ha li d a l- Mi hd ha r. . . . T he p od ca st o ri gi nnar rat ive of ho w t hree C IA anal ysts wo rk ing und er R ichar d Bl ee, the lo ng u nkn own f or mer he ad of C IA’ s B in Lad en S tat io n, deli bin tel li ge nce fr om F BI and t he W hi te Hou se r egar di ng t he pr esence of two kn own Al -Qaeda op era ti ves in t he U .S . .. . Fo ur g overi nt el li ge nc e i nc lu de d p er so na l d et ai ls o f t he t wo C IA a na ly st s a nd t he ir a ct io ns . N ow os ie ls ki a nd D uf fy d ed uc ed t he i de nt it ie s o f tres earch bas ed on details provided from thes e and other open s ources . When the producers us ed their full names in interviews , in

provided the final confirmation. ... In project updates pos ted at SecrecyKills .com the producers announced the delay of the pi nv ol ve s d oz en s o f v io la ti on s o f p ro to co l, i nt im id at io n, a nd i nc id en ts o f o bs tr uc ti on b y t he C IA , w it h t he t wo y et n am ed C IA a na lexp er t o n t he su bj ec t, Kev in F en ton , do cu me nt s 3 5 su ch i nc id en ts b et ween Janu ar y 2 00 0 an d S ept em be r 1 1t h i n hi s bo ok , Di sco n. .. P ul it ze r- pr iz e w in ne r L aw re nc e W ri gh t, i nt er vi ew ed f or t he p od ca st , t ol d p ro du ce rs t he a ct io ns o f o ne o f t he u nn am ed C IA a n

jus tice in the FB I’s criminal inves tigation of the deaths of 17 s eaman aboard the USS C ole. ... The producers are not the firs t smon th T he Ne w Yor k T ime s r epor te d o n C IA e ff or ts to cen so r an aut obi ogr aph y b y A li S ouf an, a fr on t- li ne FB I co unt er -t er ro ri smM ih dh ar a nd H az mi b ec au se o f l in ks t o t he b om bi ng o f t he U SS C ol e i n Y em en . T he C IA c en so re d r ef er en ce s t o a p as sp or t p ho to

th ree wr it te n r eq uest s. . .. S co tt S han e of th e New Y or k T ime s r epo rts t od ay t ha t, "M r. S ouf an a ccu ses C .I .A. of fi ci al s of del ibeQaeda oper ati ves f rom the F.B .I . befo re S ept. 11, 2001 , despi te t hr ee wri tt en r equests, an d t hen l ater lyi ng ab out it to the 9/11 C omf or t he p od ca st , w as h im se lf i nt im id at ed , d em ot ed a nd s me ar ed b y t he P en ta go n a ft er h e c am e f or wa rd t o t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n w io ff ic ia ls p re ve nt ed h is A bl e D an ge r o pe ra ti on f ro m m ee ti ng w it h t he F BI p ri or t he a tt ac ks . . .. I n 2 00 0 t he A bl e D an ge r d at a- mi nt er ro ri st c el l b ut h ad a ls o p la ce d H az mi a nd M ih dh ar i n a S an D ie go c el l, t he e pi ce nt er o f i nt ri gu e a ro un d A le c S ta ti on ’s R ic h B le ew ho t he ms el ve s r e pe at ed ly w it hh el d i n te ll ig en ce f ro m t he F B I. T ho ug h S ha ff e r w as i nt er v ie we d b y 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n’ s D ir ec to r P hia ny m en ti on o f A bl e D an ge r f ro m i ts f in al r ep or t. . .. I n t he p la nn ed p od ca st , 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n C ha ir T om K ea n i s a sk ed a bo utto an i nt el lig en ce cab le, see n by 5 0 at th e C IA, b ut pr ev en te d f rom r ea chi ng t he F BI . F or Kean th e in ci de nt was no t a ca se of bu ngoversight. It was purposeful. No question about that in mind. It was purposeful.” ... Whereas Kean explains it as a penchant fort er ro ri sm a t t he B us h W hi te H ou se , g oe s f ar th er s ug ge st in g m al fe as an ce a nd t he p os si bi li ty o f i ll eg al C IA -l ed d om es ti c s py in g a ctled to a f orm al st atemen t f rom Geo rge Tenet , Co fer B lack and R ichar d B lee, and a r esponse fr om the pro ducer s. .. . “T his was pe

plot,” explains Nowos iels ki, “but ins tead of s topping the attack, the C IA s topped intel on two high-value targets from getting to ti nd iv id ua ls r es po ns ib le b y i nt im id at in g t ho se w ho s im pl y w an t t o k no w t he t ru th b eh in d a s ho ck in g a nd p os si bl y c ri mi na l p at te rnw ar ne d N ow os ie ls ki h e c ou ld b e s ub je ct t o p ro se cu ti on u nd er t he I nt el li ge nc e I de nt it ie s P ro te ct io n A ct , a l aw i nt en de d t o a pp ly tc l e a ra n c e a n d n e v e r u s e d t o c o n v i ct jo u r n a li s t s . . . . T h e p r o d u ce r ’ s o n l i n e r e s p on s e : “ T h e S o c i e ty o f P r o f e ss i o n al Jo u r n a li s t s ' cobligation to any interes t other than the public's right to know’ and s hould ‘be vigilant and courageous about holding thos e withw r o n gd o i n g w i t h in g o v e rn m e n t a g e nc i e s r e q u ir e t he a p pr o v a l o f t h o s e g o v e rn m e n t a g e n ci e s b e f o r e r e l e as e , t h a t i s t h e da y t h a t tr a nd R ay N ow os ie ls ki , b ot h g ra du at es o f C hi ca go ’s C ol um bi a C ol le ge F il m S ch oo l, p ro du ce d t he c ri ti ca ll y a cc la im ed 2 00 6 d oc um e

A ri F lei sc he r D an B ar tl et t o k N ov ak c ol um n M is si on t o N ig er N ov ak m is sp ok e t he f ir st t im e w e t al ke d. R ov e c ou ld n' t r em em be r RB us h? H en ry W ax ma n, s ec ur it y b re ac he s i n P la me c as e w it h S en . B yr on D or go n ( D- N. D. ) C he ne y' s s ti ck in i t t o t he C IA . N ov ak wV al er ie P la me a nd V al er ie W il so n T im ot hy P he lp s N ew Y or k T im es I NR S ta te D ep ar tm en t m em o c ir cu la te d o n B us h A fr ic a t ri p T iJohn Di cker son. Qu ote go ver nmen t of fi cia ls W ilso n's wi fe i s a C IA of fi ci al who mon it or s t he p ro li ferat ion of W MD i nvo lved i n dt el ls W il so n t ha t l ea k i s a c ri me . R ov e s ai d " I d id n' t k no w h er n am e" M ic ha el I si ko ff a nd M ar k H os en ba ll a rt ic le s. A nd re a M it ch elM at he ws t el ls W i ls on t ha t K ar l R ov e c on si de r ed P l am e ' fa ir g am e' . C o ns id er P au l O 'N ei ll , R i ch ar d C l ar k e, G en . Z i nn i, G en S h in se kr ef us es r es ig na ti on . N ew sd ay r ep or ts P la me w as u nd er co ve r u nt il N ov ak o ut ed h er . C IA f il es c ri me r ep or t t o D OJ . B us h r ef us es RW hi teh ou se of fi ci al s di sc lo sed C IA id en tit y. t o at le ast six W ash ing to n j ou rna li st s. New Yo rk T ime s D ou gl as Je hl , st udy b y t he Dl it t le o r n o v al ue . W i ll i am B o wl es . A tt or ne y G en er al A lb er to G on za le z n ot i fi ed A nd r ew C Ar d o f D OJ l ea k i nv es ti g at i on a t 8 : 00 P MS hr ed di ng p ar ty ? G on za le z w as W hi te ho us e C ou nc il , A sh cr of t w as a tt or ne y g en er al . N at io na l R ev ie w, C li ff or d M ay . P ho ne l og s,l e a k s w i t h A fr i c a n ne w s s es s i o n. W h i t e ho u s e su r r e n de r e d t ho u s an d s o f e ma i l s , ca l l l o gs , a n d ca l e n da r s . No t e s sa y W i l so n w a s Ko ve rc om e r ep or te r o bs ta cl es t o r ev ea li ng s ou rc es . P in cu s N ov ak s ai d ' no p ar ti sa n g un sl in ge r' c om me nt a nd " yo u k no w a bo ut i t t oScott McC lellan quote "thos e individuals as s ured me they were not involved in this. And that's where it s tands " B us h: leaker mau nd er e xe cu ti ve p ri vi le ge . M cC le ll an s po ke a bo ut d if fe re nc e b et we en u na ut ho ri ze d d is cl os ur e a nd ' se tt in g t he f ac ts s tr ai gh t' . I nd ePr iest: " Clea rl y, i t was mean t pur el y and sim pl y fo r r even ge" . Ro ve Newswee k ' far gam e' C hri s M at hew s, M SNB C. Har db all . I nvf ir st p ub li c a tt ac k o n B us h' s c as e a bo ut I ra q. F in al d ea dl in e. W al l S tr ee t J ou rn al a rt ic le a bo ut B ur ea u o f I nt el li ge nc e R es ea rc h. J ohA sh c ro f t b r ie f in g s s to p pe d . F i tz g er a ld a pp o in t ed . S i mo n e L e de e n, d au g ht e r o f M i ch a el L e de en g o es t o B a hg d ad , C P A, C o al i ti o nC om ey i s g od f at he r. A id es s ig n w ai ve rs t o j ou rn al is ti c p ri vi le ge . S ta ff m ee t i nf or ma ll y a bo ut i mm un it y. M ar y m at al in t es ti fi es . P el oi nv es ti ga ti on o f c ov er t s ta tu s. J im L oe be k ne w. C at hi e M ar ti n ( Ch en ey a id ) i nt er vi ew ed , n ea r c om ba t a tm os ph er e. G ra nd J ur y s ub

P R s tr at eg y? B us h o ut si de a tt or ne y J am es S ha rp & A ss oc ia te s, K en S ta rr r em ov ed a tt or ne y- cl ie nt p ri vi le ge f or g ov er nm en t l aw yec on ve rs at io ns . B us h i nt er vi ew ed b y F it zg er al d, S ha rp p re se nt . K er ry d um ps S an dy B er ge r a nd W il so n f ro m c am pa ig n. F ed er al J udC oo pe r i n c on te mp t o f c ou t a nd o rd er s h im j ai le d f or r ef us in g t o r ev ea l s ou rc e o f P la me l ea k. a pp ea l g oe s t o S up re me C ou rt . p ol it i

powell tes tified. cooper tes tified about libby convers ations . bus h and dan rather flap on military s ervice in the news . bar lowered tos ou rc e # 2, w ho i s s ou rc e # 1. r oy k ri ge r C IA a ge nt f ir ed b ec au se h e s po ke o f i nf or ma nt s ay in g i ra q' u ra ni um e nr ic hm en t p ro gr am d




G an no n, J am es D . G uc ke rt , a s G OP f ak e j ou rn al is t p la nt a t w hi t eh ou se b r ie fi ng s. f r ee r ep ub li c. F ed er al J ud ge r ob er s we et r ul ed m il ls ig ne d $ 14 0 m il li on c on tr ac t. B os to n G lo be . B re ws te r J en ni ng s & A ss oc ia te s, B in La de n g ro up , K ha li d b in M ah fo uz , B CC I c on ne cd oc s w er e m ad e u p i n t he U .S . m en ti on ed M ic ha el l ed ee n. s ee d ow ni ng s tr ee t m em o. d ow ni ng st re et me mo .c om . S up re me c ou rt r ef ua s f ak e m ar ty r, o bs tr uc ti ng j us ti ce f or p er so na l g ai n. D id r ov e b re ak s am e l aw a s m ar th a s te wa rt ? p er ju ry . s ee S en L au te nb er g c al eR ob er ts , C ha ir ma n o f S en at e I nt el li ge nc e C om mi tt ee , w il l c on du ct h ea ri ng s. W ha t i s t he F ed er al T or t C la im A ct F TC A. W ho i s KI nf ra st ru ct ur e S ol ut io ns . G eo rg e T en ne t, J oh n M cM cl au gh li n, B il l H ar lo w a nd t he s tr an ge r w ho a pp ro ac he d N ov ak . W hy d id w hi tS ta te o f t he U ni on a dd re ss s pe ec h. B o lt on n eg le ct ed t o t el l c on gr es s a bo ut n ig er y el lo wc ak e. W il so n' s o p- ed p ie ce p ub li sh ed . O li

Novak challenges Harlow warning. Scooter Libby and J udith Miller conves ations hot. s ee columbia jouranlis m review and vanitys mu gg le r a nd d is tr ic t j ud ge r ic ar do u rb in a o n n uc le ar t ri gg er s. a sh cr of t r ec us ed h im se lf . w ha t i s h ol li ng er i nt er na ti on al , d av ed r ad l

m il le r h av e t o d o w it h t ip -o ff o f h ol y l an d f ou nd at io n, g lo ba l r el ie f f ou nd at io n a nd b en ev ol en ce i nt er na ti on al f ou nd at io n. A IP AC oR ot hs te in , R ap ha el D an zi ge r. N ew Y or ke r, S ey mo ur H er sc h s to ry o n B us h p la ns t o l au nc h n uc le ar a tt ac k o n I ra n s um me r o f 2 00 5.R ose n' s l aw ye r: A bb e L ow el l. P er le ( De fe nse P ol ic y B oa rd )g iv es sp ee ch a t A IP AC c on fe re nc e, ca ll s f or am er ic an m il it ar y a ct io n am is si le . F r an kl in p le ad s i nn oc en t, J ud je T .S . E ll is I II . r o ve s ai d h e w as d is co ur ag in g a r ep or te r f ro m w ri ti ng a f al se s to ry b as ed o nT im mer ma n. N ao r G il on o f I sr ae li e mb as sy i nv ol ve d. Ja ck A br am of f i nd ic te d a nd T ex an s f or a R ep ub li ca n M aj or it y. Jo hn N . N asi s c on fi da nt o f J ud it h M il le r a nd P ed er so n a nd O li vi a B os ch a t R oy al I ns ti tu te o f i nt er na ti on al a ff ai rs . J ud ge R ic ar do U rb in a a nd ws po ke sp er so n. H ar ol d R ho de i s s ou rc e o f p la me l ea k a nd J er ry H au er a nd c of er b la ck . l aw ma ke rs u rg ed t o s up po rt I ra n F re ed omK es sl er b y D av id I gn at iu s. U SG O- 1 i s K en ne th P ol la ck a nd B ob D ol e i s b af fl ed . I ra n 5 y ea rs a wa y f ro m n uc le ar w ea po ns . M il leR ove 's b ra in . T ed O lso n w as P ol lar d's d ef en se a tt or ney . J ul y 14 th , 1 5th 1 6t h 17 th 1 8t h 1 9t h 20 th 2 1 22 23 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 30 Au g2001

T ha t g at he ri ng i nv ol ve d s om e o f t he m os t p ow er fu l n am es i n t he J ew is h l ob by i n A me ri ca , s ta rt in g w it h E dg ar B ro nf ma n, t he c ha iC ha rl es B ro nf ma n, E dg ar 's b ro th er a nd a t op e xe cu ti ve o f t he f am il y' s f la gs hi p S ea gr am s C or p. ; L es li e W ex le r o f L im it ed , I nc .; C haT ul sa , O kl ah om a; H ar ve y " Bu d" M ey er ho ff , a f ab ul ou sl y w ea lt hy a nd p ow er fu l B al ti mo re r ea l e st at e m ag na te ; L au re nc e T is ch , c hm ag n at e a n d R e pu b li c an P a rt y p o we r ho u se ; b a ge l m a gn a te M a x L e nd e r; a n d L e on ar d A b ra m so n , t h e f o un de r o f U . S. H ea l th c ar e

presents the 13 mos t corrupt members of C ongres s : R ep. R oy B lunt (R -MO) -- R ep. R andy C unningham (R -C A)-- R ep. Tom FeeneyM usg ra ve ( R- CO )- - R ep . B ob N ey ( R- OH )- - R ep . R ic ha rd P om bo ( R- CA )- - R ep . R ic k R en zi ( R- AZ )- - R ep . C ha rl es T ay lo r ( R- NC )- -P A )- - S e na t or B i ll F r is t ( R -T N )- - S e na t or C o nr a d B u rn s ( R -M T )

A ug 3 1, 0 5 T we nt y T h in gs W e K no w, I nd ep en de nt T V U SG O- 1 I de nt i fi ed M i dd le E as t a na ly st : K en ne th P o ll ac k, N at i on al S ec ur it( ba ff le d b y M il le r i nc ar ce ra ti on ) v is it ed M il le r i n j ai l, N YT im es c op y. S mo ke sc re en o n p as si ng f ed er al s hi el d l aw s t ha t w ou ld a ll oM ou nt ai n N ew s, " We ap on s o f M ass D el us io n" S ep t 6 , 0 5 U .S . D ist ri ct J ud ge T .S . E ll is I II s et t hi s S ep t 6 t ri al d at e f or L ar ry F ra nk liS tu di es, 'S tr at eg ic Do ssi er ', en ti tl ed I ra n' s S tr at eg ic W eap ons P ro gr am me s - A Ne t A sse ssm en t. I ra n 5 ye ar s a wa y f ro m a n ucl ear

planting bile? Guardian Unlimited todo: Antiwar, In Thes e Times , Is Iran Next? C ounterpunch Zvi B ar'el, C halabi, Feith and Is rael,w il l r is e u p i n a f ew w ee ks . I s s he b ar ga in in g? .. .. wh at a bo ut p os si bl e c ri mi na l c on te mp t c ha rg es ? H uf fi ng to n P os t S ep t 1 0, 0 5 T he

M ou ss ao ui .. (j us t o ne f lo or a bo ve M il le r' s c el l) T he g as s ta ti on t ap es o f t he a tt ac k o n t he P en ta go n o n 9 /1 1 a re ' cl as si fi ed ' b ec au sea ir c ra f t s la mm e d i n to t he P en t ag on t h at d a y. s ee N ew sF ol l ow Up . co m/ f li g ht 7 7 m i ss il e? N at i on al P r es s C l ub , h o no r s J ud i th M i ll e r sI ra n l at es t n ew s. .. an d M ic ha el L ed ee n, R ov e' s b ra in , A EI , p ro mi ne nt p ro po ne nt o f a v io le nt r eg im e c ha ng e i n I ra n. L ed ee n h as c lothe Ni ger f or ged docs that l ed to Ir aq W ar. I t's all o ne st or y. Li es o f Ommi sion P ro gr ess Sep t 11, 05 P eace P age, 9/ 11 poem by Kr iSecretar y of S tate, R oger Wi lliams, B ush campaign, Kar l R ove, El izabeth R eyes. Sept 12, 05 Ir an Mani a News One week to U.N.w ar , t im el in e s ee T ed O ls on l in ks t o J on at ha n P ol la rd , P en ta go n, P er le , L eh ma n, F ei th .. .. T ed O ls on 's w if e ' di ed ' o n F li gh t 7 7, 9 /1 1?o wn ed t el ep ho ne b il li ng c o. a nd c on ne ct io ns t o 9 /1 1, A IP AC , n eo co ns , I ra q w ar , I ra n w ar m on ge ri ng . A ga in st B om bi ng o ld t im el iD e mo c ra t i c N a t io n al C o m mi t t ee , P l am e g at e R o v eg a t e, T r e as o ng a t e, L e ak g a te p a g e C r o ss w al k , c o ns e rv a t iv e p u b li c a ti o n , D e mo c r atin Iran war mongering efforts. India, C hina and R ussia nix U.S. and EU effort to get a majority of IAEA board to refer Iran to UN S

backfire. s earch:Ahmadinejad. NYT copy David Fiderer on the "Abort the Plame Inves tigation Act" or H.R . 581. Feb 05. B ob Dols ee . .. wi ll t he y w or k? F ra mi ng t he i ss ue a ro un d s ou rc e i d p ri vi le ge k ee ps t he b uz z o ff w ha t M il le r i s h id in g. .. ju st w ha t t he y w an t. a li nv es ti ga ti on s ee S pi nW at ch o n i nd ic tm en t S ep t 1 6, 0 5 A si a T im es r ev ie w o f B us h w hi te wa sh b oo k. .b y C ra ig W hi tn ey . D OJ w on '

a tc hi ng K at ri na H ou se R ep ub li ca ns d er ai l p ro be s o f P la me a ff ai r V il la ge V oi ce S ep t 1 7, 0 5 S om e M il le r e li te v is it or s: B ob D ol e, J ohW as hi ng to n R ep or t o n M id dl e E as t A ff ai rs o ld b ut r el ev an t s to ry , I sr ae li s pi es i n A me ri ca . A md oc s, R ep or t o f I sr ae li E av es dr op pT re at me nt S ep t 1 9, 0 5 T hi s a rt ic le c li mb in g i n t he s ea rc h e ng in es : F ro nt pa ge M ag c al ls P la me ga te n on -e ve nt , " en dl es s s pi de r- we bw ay t o q ue st io n t he c re di bi li ty o f K ar l R ov e" , " no n- le ak o f P la me 's n on -s ec re t i de nt it y' ,. .. .a nd o n. .. an d o n. a nd N FU -F ra nk li ng at e2 0, 0 5 Y ah oo ar ti cl e: W hat S ho w D id Y ou W at ch D ur in g t he W ar D ad dy ? I ra q W ar , l os t a nd n ow a c iv il w ar .. .. no rt h t o so ut h, o il . Sa nd C OO o f H ol li ng er I nt er na ti on al a nd f or me r p ub li sh er o f t he C hi ca go S un -T im es , w il l p le ad g ui lt y t o f ra ud c ha rg es . R ob er t N ovt he A me ri ca n I sr ae l P ub li c A ff ai rs C om mi tt ee ( AI PA C) i s a ss is ti ng I sr ae l i n b et ra yi ng A me ri ca n s py n et wo rk s i n I ra n i n r et ur n f orA EI s ea rc h o n J on at ha n P ol la rd r es ul ts i n " We b o f C on sp ir ac ie s" b oo k b y M ic ha el R ub in . s ea rc h K wi at ko ws ki , O SP , M on da le . S ee sp io na ge . A nd T he A ge P ol ic e q ue st io n A md oc s e xe c. .. at l ea st 1 9 a rr es te d f or i nf il tr at in g c om pe ti to rs c om pu te rs . W or ld N et D ai li nf or ma ti on o n A tt a i n R ep . W el do n ( Re pu bl ic an ) B oo k " Co un td ow n t o T er ro r" S ha ff er s to pp ed f ro m t es ti fy in g a bo ut A bl e D an gec hi ef o f s ta ff ( DO J) a nd i n r el at ed a rt ic le K er ry Sh ar es Ou rV al ue s o n D . K yl e S am ps on , R au l Y an es . .a nd ( Te d U ll yo t) A ll t hr ee h avG on za le s. . .. U ll yo t ( Ul ly ot s te pp ed d ow n) a nd Y an es w er e t he c oo rd in at or s o f t he W hi te H ou se 's r es po ns e t o t he i nv es ti ga ti on i ntG on za le s a nd A sh cr of t w il l r ec us e, b ut w il l t he se t hr ee a ls o? S am ps on , U ll yo t a nd Y an es h av e r ep re se nt ed t ob ac co c om pa ni es . s et ob ac co t hr ea d a rt ic le s / t im el in e I ra qw ar .o rg o n I sr ae li s py in g a nd L ow el l S un O nl in e T he i nv as io n o f I ra q w as t he “ gr ea te st s tr atg en er al s ai d y es te rd ay , st re ng th en in g an e ff or t i n C on gr es s t o f or ce a n A me ri ca n w it hd ra wa l b eg in ni ng n ex t y ea r. R et ir ed A rm y L t.i nv asi on o f I ra q a li en at ed A me ri ca 's M id dl e E as t a ll ie s, m ak in g i t h ar de r t o p ro se cu te a w ar a ga in st t er ro ri st s I ma m I nt ik ab H ab ib 's .w ee ke nd , t he m es sa ge w as p ou nd ed i n b y t he N ew Y or k a nd o th er m ed ia t ha t t ho se w ho q ue st io n t he O ff ic ia l C on sp ir ac y T he or y. .Shmuel El lner Mar mari Amdocs for suppor ting evidence on Amdocs lin ks to 9/ 11 W TC or search amdo cs f ema isr ael or amdocs fo




s e l ec t e d p r e ss r e l e a se s p a g e S e p t 2 7 , 0 5 S h a l o m C e n t er , a r t i c le f r o m 2 0 0 4 : " N e o -C o n s , A I PA C , I s r a el , & A l l e g e d S p y in g " O c te s O c t . 2 8 . . . p r o s e c u t or s c o u l d p u r s ue a c r i mi n a l c o n t em p t o f c o u r t c h a r g e a g a in s t M i l le r . S e p t 2 8 , 0 5 C o n k W e b s ea r c h , E n c y

at i o n s. F a t m a N e v i n V a rg u n , i s a K u r d i s h w o me n ' s r i g ht s a c t i vi s t . L i b by p o e m i n a l e t te r t o M i l l e r i n j a i l : " Y ou w e n t i n t o j a i l i n t . . -i e l e c t io n s a n d s u i c i d e b o m b er s , b i o l o gi c a l t h r e at s a n d t h e I r a n i a n n u c l e ar p r o g r a m. O u t W e s t , w h e r e y o u v a c a t i o n, t h e a s p e n .

r o ot s c o nn e ct t h e m. C o m e b ac k t o w o rk - - a n d l i fe . U n ti l t he n , y ou w i ll r e ma i n i n m y t ho u gh t s a nd p r a ye r s - - Wi t h a dm ir a ti o n, . ..: M i l i t ar y A c t i o n a g a i ns t I r a n , ' I n c o nc e i v ab l e '. a n d " O n S a t u r da y , t h e I n t e r n at i o n al A t o m i c E n e r gy A g e n c y p a s s e d a r e s o l u ti . .

ri t y C o u n c il u n l e s s T e h r a n e a s es s u s p i c io n s a b o u t i t s n u c l ea r a c t i v i ti e s " " ( F i tz g e r al d ) w a s r e a d y t o e x t e n d h e r i m p r is o n m en t f . . . .nr eady t ot al k, havi ngs ecur ed aper s onal w ai ver of conf i dent i al i t yf r om her ow ns our ce, Lew i s "Scoot er " Li bby,t he vi cepr es .

e d b e f or e t h e g r a n d j u r y a b o u t t w o c o n v e rs a t io n s w i t h L i b b y i n J u l y 2 0 0 3 R e d N o v a " Q u a l i ty o f I r a n 's N u c l e a r F u e l S h e ds Di l i ta r y a c t i o n a g a in s t I r a n o v e r n u c l e ar p r o g r a m T e h r an t o v o t e o n s c a l i n g b a c k c o o p er a t io n w i t h I A E A F o r w a rd S t e v e n R o s

g o v e rn m e nt h a s r e f u s e d t o d i s c lo s e k e y e v i d e nc e . F r a n k li n w i l l p l e ad g u i l t y , H a rr e t z . . . .M i l le r r e l e a se d , w i l l t e st i f y, a n d R e d N o .. .m i t h i s q u e s ti o n i ng t o L i b b y c o n ta c t s r e g a rd i n g P l a me . M i l l e r w a s h i s f i n a l w i tn e s s .. . t h e i n t er v i e w l a st e d 4 h o u r s . L i b b y ' s a t t or

e . . .i t h a d b e e n a y e a r s i n ce t h e y b e l i e v e t h ey g a v e h e r a w a i v er . O c t 2 , 0 5 N e t s e a r ch t e r m s : J u d i th M i l l e r , S t e ph e n H a d l e y, A ber h e a r i n gs w i l l b a c k f ir e o n G O P " . . . b o t h M i l le r a n d L i b b y c o l l a bo r a t ed f o r m o n t h s o n m a n u f ac t u r in g t h e b o g u s W M D h o a x . . "

, 0 5 M i l l e r s t i ll t r y i n g t o l i m i t i s su e t o h e r c o n v e r s at i o ns w i t h L i b b y ? N Y T i m es c o p y O c t 5 , 0 5 L i b b y L a wy e r s a y s M i l le r i n j a ih in g t o n P o s t s e e c h a n ge s t o F r a n k l i ng a t e A I P AC p a g e W o r l d P e a c e H e r a l d: A b l e D a n g e r r e p or t e x p e c t ed s o o n . O c t 6 , 0 5 S a n

s t ha t t h e J ud i th M i l le r s t or y d o es n 't a d d u p , e xc e pt f o r h e r e mp l oy e rs a t t h e N e w Yo r k T im e s" I n d ic t me n ts A n y t i me ? E d it o r . .eon I r an.....Scot t Ri t t er ,t he f or m er U N w eapons i ns pect or t o I r aq.......w ar nedi n apocal ypt i ct er m s i n London"

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u s l y a n y t im e s o m e o n e b r in g s u p " 9 / 1 l t r u t h , " a b i g r e d f l a s h i n g a l a r m g o e s o f f i n t h e a v e r a g e p e r so n ' s m i n d. " C o n s p i r ac y t h e o r is t ! " " A m e ri c a h a t e r !" T h e s e c h i l d i sh , k n e e - j er k n s a r e t o b e e x p e c te d .

d e c a d e o f p r o p a g a n da w i l l d o t h a t. I n s t e a d o f s e e i n g t h e u n s e e n h e r e , m o s t A m er i c a ns f i n d c o m f o r t i n t h e o f f i c i al s t o r y t h a t h a s b e e n s p o o n f e d t o t h e m b y t h e U . S . g o v e r n m en t

e i r l a p do g c o r p o r at e m e d i a s i n ce t h a t h o r r i f ic d a y i n 2 0 0 1 . I d o n ' t b l a m e t h e m. I t ' s m u c h e a s i e r t o b e l i e ve i n S a n t a C l a us e a n d h i s m a g i c a l f l y in g r e i n d e er t h a n i t i s u n d e rs t a n di n g t h e

s t o r y b e h i nd o l d S a i n t N i c k .

U .S.gover nm ent and t hem ai ns t r eam m edi a ar ecor r ect i nt hei r of f i ci al s t or yof 9/ 11,w e havenot hi ng t of ear r i ght ?Except f or f r eedom - hat ing,box cut t er - w i eldi ngt er r or i s t s of

. B u t , i f t h e o f f i c i a l s t o ry o f 9 / 1 1 i s b a s e d o n l i e s , t h e n w h y a r e w e f i g h t i n g t h is n e v e r - e nd i n g " W a r o n T e r r o r" i n t h e f i r s t p l a ce ? I f i t c a n b e s c i e n t if i c al l y p r o v e n t h at t h e o f f i c i a l

s i n a c c ur a t e, t h e n s h o u l d n ' t t h e A m e ri c a n p e o p le d e m a n d a n e w i n v e st i g a ti o n ? T h e r e a r e a g r o w i n g n u m b e r o f s o - c al l e d " 9 / 1 1 t r u th e r s " a r o un d t h e w o r l d t h a t a r e c a l l i n g f o r j u s t

a n e w i n v e st i g a ti o n i n t o t h e h a p p e n in g s o f S e p t . 1 1 .

tl y , a h a n d f u l o f h i p h o p a r t i st s i n c l u d in g LupeFi as co , Tal i bK w el i, Fabol ous , t h e l e g e n d a r yC h u c k D and D ar r yl "D.M.C. " M cD ani el s have r ai s ed ques t i ons about t he of f i ci al

f 9 / 1 1 . L u p e' s W o r d s I N e v e r S a i d f eat ur edt hel yr i cs "9/ 11,bui l di ng7, di dt hey r eal l ypul l i t ?" i nr ef er encet o Wor l dTr ade Cent er l eas ehol der Lar r y Si l ver s t ei n' s PBS appear ance i n

h e d e s c r ib e d t h e W T C 7 c o l la p s e . T h e s e t i ta n s o f h i p h o p a r e o n t h e o p p o si t e e n d o f t h e s p e c tr u m c o m p a re d t o a n o t h e r p u b l i c f i g ur e w h o c a l l s f o r a n e w i n v e s ti g a ti o n : S a r a h

M am aG r i zzl y her s el f has s ai d t hat s he s uppor t s a new i nves t i gat i on , but i ns i s t s t hat s he' s not a "t r ut her ."

E xpl osi ve E vi dence - E xpert s Speak Out , a r e c e n t ly r e l e a s ed d o c u m e n ta r y f r o m t h e 1 , 7 0 0 + a r c h i t ec t s a n d e n g i n ee r s f o r 9 / 1 1 T r u t h , w a s a v i r a l h i t o n PBS ear l i er t hi s m ont h. O ver

- r i s e ar chi t ect s ,s t r uct ur al engi neer s , dem ol i t i onexper t s ,and phys i ci s t s gi ve t hei r exper t opi ni ons — w hi chhappen t ocont r adi ct t heof f i ci al s t or y.

s i ty o f C a l if o r n ia , B e r k l e y, - e d u c a te d s t r u c tu r a l e n g in e e r K a ma l O b e i d s t a te d , " I h a v e b e e n a p r a c ti c i ng e n g i n e e r f o r t h e l a s t 3 0 y e a r s. B u i l d i n g 7 , t o m e , i s r e a l l y w h a t g i v e s i t a w a y

a u s e t h a t' s a c l a s si c c a s e o f c o n t r o l l ed d e m o l i t io n . "

H e i s n o t t h e o n l y e x p e r t i n h i s f i e l d w h o h a s d r a w n t h i s c o n c l us i o n . C o u n se l o r s, t h e r a p i st s , a n d p s y c h o lo g i s ts a p p e a r i n t h e f i l m t o d e s c ri b e t h e d i f f i cu l t y e t v i t a l r e s p o ns i b il i t y o f

c o m in g t o t e r m s w i t h t h e r e a l it i e s o f t h e s e e v e n ts . M o s t i m p o rt a n t ly , t h e f a m i l y m e m be r s o f t h e 9 / 1 1 v i c t i ms , w h o a r e s t i l l g r i e v in g t h e i r l o s t l o v ed o n e s , g i v e t h e i r p l e as f o r a n e w

i nves t i gat i on.

T h e " s m o k in g g u n , " a s m a n y o f t h e s e e x p er t s c a l l i t , i s W o r l d T r a d e C e n t er 7 .

B u i l di n g 7 w a s a 4 7 - st o r y h i g h- r i se o v e r a f o o tb a l l f i e ld a w a y f r o m t h e N o r t h T o w er . I t w a s n o t h i t b y a p l a ne . Y e t , i t w a s t h e t h i r d m o d e r n s t ee l f r a m e s k y sc r a p er t o f a l l r a pi d l y a n d

s ym m et r ical l yon 9/ 11.

f i ci a l N I S T e x p l an a t io n f o r t h e c o l l a p se o f W T C 7 w a s " s c a t t e re d o f f i c e f i re s . " G o v e rn m e n t e n gi n e e rs o r e n g i ne e r s f o r 9 / 1 1 t r u

, a f e w i n f l u e n ti a l p o l i ti c i an s h a v e m a d e i n t e r es t i ng r e m a r k s c o n ce r i n g W T C 7 . S e n a t o r J o h n K e rr y m a d e c o m m en t s s u g g e st i n .

n t e d o n h i s c o n t r ov e r si a l c o m m en t , K e r ry d e i n e d e v e r y s u g ge s t i ng t h a t W T C 7 f e l l i n t h a t m a t te r . C o n t r ar y t o t h e o f f i c i a l N I ST

o f T o ta l HT ML Co n v e rte r is u n re g is te re d .



f or me r G ov er no r o f N ew J er se y T ho ma s K ea n c la im ed t ha t "afters hocks " were resp onsib le f or t he co ll apse of b uil din g 7 . Of co urse,

c ol la ps e o f W TC 7 .

W it h a ll t he e vi de nc e a nd e xp er t o pi ni on s p oi nt in g t o a c on tr ol le d d em ol it on , t he c ol la ps e o f W TC 7 a lo ne m er it s a n ew i nd ep en de

e xp e rt s ' d e ta i le d a na l ys i s o f a l l t h re e b u il d in g s' c o ll a ps es .

A rm ed w it h t he r es ea rc h o f t he se a rc hi te ct s a nd e ng in ee rs , P re si de nt o f I ta ly 's S up re me C ou rt F er di na nd o I mp os im at o h as s ta te d p

t e n s i o n" c ar ri ed o ut i n I ta ly .

" Th e 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks w er e a g lo ba l s ta te t er ro r o pe ra ti on p er mi tt ed b y t he a dm in is tr at io n o f t he U SA , w hi ch h ad f or ek no wl ed ge o f t he

o r de r t o m a ke wa r a g ai n st Af g ha n is t an a n d I r aq , " h e s a ys .

J ud ge I mp os im at o g oe s o n d et ai li ng t he s ci en ti fi c r es ea rc h o f R ic ha rd G ag e a nd o th er a rc hi te ct s a nd e ng in ne er s w ho p oi nt t o c on tr

in di vi dua ls in vol ve d i n t he in ten ti on al mi sha ndl in g of i nt el li ge nce lea di ng up t o 9/ 11. I mposi mat o an nou nced t hat h e is goi ng t o r ec

c r im i na l t r ia l f o cu s in g o n 9 / 11 .

Si nce 9/ 11 , Am er ic a h as ta ken a t ur n f or t he wo rst. O ver 6, 00 0 of ou r t roo ps hav e per ishe d in t he r esul ti ng war s. M ore t roo ps ar e d

i nn oc en ts h av e f el l v ic ti m t o A me ri ca 's g lo ba l W ar o n T er ro r. A nd w e n ow a cc ep t t he f ac t t ha t p re si de nt s c an h av e s ec re t k il l l is ts t

f o r as su m ed s ec u ri t y is n ev e r a g o od i d ea . W e h a ve b ee n co n di t io n ed t o ac c ep t t he r a pi d ly e x pa n di n g po l ic e st a te : t he T S A g r op e

o n t he A me ri ca n p eo pl e, N DA A, t he P AT RI OT A ct , a nd d ro ne u sa ge o ve r A me ri ca n s ki es . T he D ep ar tm en t o f H om el an d S ec ur it yc h o o s e t o d e f e nd l i b er t y i n t he f ace o f t yr an ny . C lear ly, i f al l t hese "sec ur ity " me asur es ar e t aki ng pl ace as a r esul t o f t he t er ror ist a

t he o ff ic ia l s to ry . .. b ut a s y ou c an s ee , t he re a re a g ro wi ng n um be r o f h ig hl y c re di bl e p eo pl e w ho a re d em an di ng a n ew i nv es ti ga ti o

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• 1. W o rl d T r ad e C e nt e r B l ue p ri n ts

• 2. W o rl d T r ad e C e nt e r T o we r A A r ch i te ct u ra lDrawings

• 3. 2 9 S t ru c tu r al / Ci v il E n gi n ee r s C i te E v id e nc e f o r C o n tr o ll e d E x pl o si v e D e mo l it i on i n D e st r u ct i on o f A l l

3 W TC H ig h- Ri se s o n 9 /1 1, J un e ' 09

• 4. R ep ub li c M ag az in e — E vi de nc e f or t he E xp lo si v eD em ol it i on o f W or l d T r ad e C en te r, B ui ld in g 7 o n9 / 11 , S ep t ' 09

• 5. A ct i ve T h er mi t ic M a te r ia l D i sc ov er e d i n D u stf r om t he 9 /1 1 W or l d T r ad e C e nt er C at as tr o ph e, 2 00 9

• 6. T h er m it e : T h e S m ok i ng G un , S ep t ' 09

• 7. W o rl d T r ad e C en te r T ow er A E le ct ri ca l D ra wi ng s

• 8. E xp lo si ve s F ou nd i n W or ld T ra de C en te r D us tJim Hoffman

• 9. A ct i ve T h er mi t ic M a te r ia l D i sc ov er e d i n D u stf r om t h e 9 /1 1 W o rl d T r ad e C e nt er C a ta st r op h e

24. R e vi s it i ng 9 / 11 / 20 0 1 - - A p pl y in g t h e S c ie n ti f icM e t h o dP r of . S t ev en E . J on es , P h .D . , P hy s ic s

• 2 5 . D R. B AZ AN T - N IS T' s 9 11 F AL L G UY by Gordon R os s , ME 1], J une 4, 2007*

• 2 6 . O pe n L et te r t o P ur du e P re si de nt F ra nc eC órdovaK ev in R y an , B . S. C h em .




• 4. R ep ub li c M ag az in e — E vi de nc e f or t he E xp lo si v eD em ol it i on o f W or l d T r ad e C en te r, B ui ld in g 7 o n9 / 11 , S ep t ' 09

• 5. A ct i ve T h er mi t ic M a te r ia l D i sc ov er e d i n D u stf r om t he 9 /1 1 W or l d T r ad e C e nt er C at as tr o ph e, 2 00 9

• 6. T h er m it e : T h e S m ok i ng G un , S ep t ' 09

• 7. W o rl d T r ad e C en te r T ow er A E le ct ri ca l D ra wi ng s

• 8. E xp lo si ve s F ou nd i n W or ld T ra de C en te r D us tJim Hoffman

• 9. A ct i ve T h er mi t ic M a te r ia l D i sc ov er e d i n D u stf r om t h e 9 /1 1 W o rl d T r ad e C e nt er C a ta st r op h e

Niels H. Harrit, J effrey Farrer, Steven E. J ones , ando t h e r s

• 10 W hy T he R ed /G ra y C hi ps A re N ot P ri me r P ai ntB y N ie ls H . H ar ri t, M ay 2 00 9

• 1 1 , E n vi r on me nt a l a no ma l ie s a t t h e W o rl d T r ad eC e n te r : e v i de n ce f o r e n er g et i c m a te r i al sB y K ev in R . R ya n, J am es R . G ou rl ey , & S te ve n E .J o n e s

• 1 2 . M ys te ri es o f t he T wi n T ow er sR . H er b st

• 1 3 . T he M is si ng J ol t: A S im pl e R ef ut at io n o f t he NIST-B azant C ollaps e Hypothes is

B y P ro f. G ra em e M ac Qu ee n a nd T on y S za mb ot i

• 1 4 . S c ie n ti s ts , S c ho l ar s , A r ch i te c ts & E n gi n ee r sres pond to NISTB y 16 s cientis ts , s cholars , architects , and engineers

• 1 5 . P ub li c c om me nt s o n t he N IS T W TC 7 d ra ftr e po r t. S u bm i tt e d t o N I ST 0 9 /1 1 /0 8 .J on at ha n C o le P .E .

• 1 6 . J o u rn a l o f E n g in e e ri n g M e c ha n i cs :

1 7. D is cu ss io n o f " Pr og re ss iv e C ol la ps e o f t heW or ld T ra de C en te r: A S im pl e A na ly si s" b y K .A .SeffenD r . C r oc ke t t G r ab b e

• 1 8 . M o me n tu m T r an s fe r A n al y si s o f t h e C o ll a ps eo f t he U pp er S to ri es o f W TC 1G or do n R os s J ou rn al o f 9 /1 1 S tu di es

• 1 9 . D i re c t E v id e nc e f o r E x pl o si o ns : F l yi n gP r o j ec t i le s a n d W i d es p r ea d I m p ac t D a ma g eD r . C r oc ke t t G r ab b e

• 2 0 . L ie s a bo ut t he W TC b y N IS T a nd U nd er wr it er sLaboratories

K ev in R ya n - U .L . w hi st le bl ow er - f or me r S it eManager

• 2 1 . P h ys i ca l C h em i st r y o f T h er m it e , T h er m at e , I r on -A lu m- Ri ch M ic ro sp he re s a t D em is e o f W TC 1 & 2

• 2 7 . J ones vs . R oberts on: A Phys icis t and a

S t r uc t ur a l E n g in e er D e ba t e t h e C o n tr o l le d D e mo l i ti o no f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r G r eg g R o b er t s , A s so c ia t e E d i to r , 9 1 1 Re s ea r c h. c om

• 2 8 . A n ot h er S t ru c tu r al E n gi n ee r Q u es t io n s W T CC ollaps esWilliam Rice, P.E.

• 2 9 . C a n P h ys i cs R e wr i te H is t or y ?C huck Thurs ton

• 3 0 . R ep ly t o P ro te c' s " A critical analysis of the

co ll ap se o f W TC to we rs 1 , 2 & 7 fr om an ex pl os ive s

a n d c o n v e n t i o n a l d e m o l i t i o n i n d u s t r y v i e w p o i n t "Jim Hoffman

• 3 1 . NIST's World Trade C enter FAQ: A R eply tothe National Ins titute for Standards andTechnology's Ans wers to Frequently As kedQ u e s t i o n sJim Hoffman

• 3 2 . B u il d in g a B e tt er M i ra g e: N I ST ' s 3 - Ye ar $ 20 , 00 0, 0 00 C o ve r- U p o f t h e C r im e o f t h e C e nt u ryJim Hoffman

• 3 3 . T he D es tr uc ti on o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r:W hy t he O ff ic ia l A cc ou nt C an no t B e T ru eDavid R ay Griffin

• 3 4 . A no t he r r e as on t h e 9 / 11 f i re - me di a te d c o ll a ps etheory is wrongJ o s ep h S m i t h

• 3 5 . Popular Mechanics' As s ault on 9/11 TruthJim Hoffman

• 3 6 . W hy I nd ee d D id t he W TC B ui ld in gsC ompletely C ollaps e?D r. S te ve n E . J on es

• 3 7. P ro of T ha t T he T h er m al a nd G ra vi t at io na l




-J erry Lobdill 6/15/2007

• 2 2 . T he D es tr uc ti on o f W TC 7Vesa R aiskila

• 2 3 . T he N IS T W TC I nv es ti ga ti on - - H ow R ea l W asThe Simulation?E r i c D o u gl a s, A r c hi t e ct

E n er g y A v ai l ab l e W e re I n su f fi c ie n t t o M e lt S t ee l i nt he T wi n T ow er s a nd 7 W or ld T ra de C en te r o n9/11/01T e r r y M o r r on e

• 3 8 . R e po r t o n W e i dl i ng e r S i mu l at i o nL ea ke d W T C B lu ep ri nt s c on ta in 3 D s im ul at io ns f r omt he W ei dl in ge r r ep or t t ha t c on tr ad ic t t he N IS Tr ep oo rt o f t he T wi n T ow er 's d es tr uc ti on

• 3 9 . E ng i ne er i ng N ew s R e co r d: T h e W o rl d T r ad eCenter

• 4 0 . B ad S ci en ce : K ei th S ef fe n A nd T he W TC'Collapse'W i nt e r P a tr i ot b l og 9 / 14 / 07

• 4 1 . U K E ng in ee r: W TC ' Co ll ap se s' W er e ' A V er yO r di n a ry T h i ng 'W i nt e r P a tr i ot b l og 9 / 11 / 07

• 4 2 . E xp l os io n s o r C o ll ap se ? T he S em an t ic s o f D ec e pt i on a n d t h e S i gn i fi c an c e o f C a te go r ie sC . Thurs ton

• 4 3 . My R es pons e to R yan Mackey and the Self-C r us hi n g B u il di n g T h eo r y, " O n D eb un k in g 9 /1 1Debunking"

by C huck Thurs ton

4 4. F ra nk L eg ge ( Ph D ) L o g ic a l S y s te m s C o n su l t in gPerth, Wes tern Aus tralia.

T he b lu ep ri nt s t o t he T wi n T ow er s a nd B ui ld in g 7 r em ai ne d o ff -l im it s t o t he p ub li c f or m or e t ha n f iv e y ea rs a ft er t he a tt ac k, d es pi ta nd t ha t t he e ng in ee ri ng d ra wi ng s o f p ub li c b ui ld in gs a re s up po se d t o b e p ub li c i nf or ma ti on . 1 I nc re di bl y, t he t ea m o f e ng in ee rs ft h e b u i l d in g " co l l a ps e s " b e f o r e G r o u n d Z e r o h a d b e e n c l e a ne d u p l a c k ed a cc e s s t o t he b ui l d i n gs ' bl u e p r in t s -- a t l e a s t u n t i l t h e y sl aw su it a ga in st t he P or t A ut ho ri ty o f N ew Y or k a nd N ew J er se y. 2

W h i st l e b lo w e r R e l e as e s B l u e pr i n t s

I n M ar ch o f 2 00 7, a n e xt en si ve s et o f d et ai le d a rc hi te ct ur al d ra wi ng s o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r b ec am e p ub li c t hr ou gh t he a ct io ns plans for the North Tower (WTC 1), the World Trade C enter foundation and bas ement, and the TV mas t atop the North Tower. T buildings in the World Trade C enter complex. However, s ince the Twin Towers were of almos t identical cons truction, it is s afe to

s ho wn f or t he N or th T ow er a re l ar ge ly a pp li ca bl e t o t he S ou th T ow er .

T he d ra wi ng s c on ta in a w ea lt h o f d et ai l a bo ut t he b ui ld in gs , i nc lu di ng t he d im en si on s o f s tr uc tu ra l m em be rs s uc h a s t he c or e c ol

M os t o f t he d ra wi ng s c an b e v ie we d i n t hi s m ul ti re so lu ti on b ro ws er .

T hi s 6 6t h f lo or c or e p la n i nc lu de d i n t he d et ai le d a rc hi te ct ur al d ra wi ng s s ho ws t ha t m os t o f t he c or e c ol um ns r et ai ne d t he ir f ul l o uO f t he s ix te en c ol um ns b ou nd in g t he l on g f ac es o f t he c or e, t hi rt ee n h av e o ut si de d im en si on s o f a pp ro xi ma te ly 5 4 b y 2 2 i nc he s i n

blueprints became public. This s et, which can be viewed by this multires olution brows er, details the electrical architecture of the T

O f fi c ia l R e po r ts M i sr e pr e se n te d t h e T o we r s' C o ns t ru c ti o n

P or ti on o f p ho to gr ap h i n t he c ol le ct io n o f t he S ky sc ra pe r M us eu m T he d et ai le d a rc hi te ct ur al d ra wi ng s m ak e c le ar w ha t o ff ic ia l r e

Towers had mas sive core columns , and those columns ran most of the height of each Tower before transitioning to columns with

B as ed o n c on st ru ct io n p ho to gr ap hs e xh ib it ed i n t he S ky sc ra pe r M us eu m a nd i ll us tr at io ns f ro m t he E ng in ee ri ng N ew s R ec or d , 9 -1T owe rs, t he si xt een co re co lu mns t ha t b ou nd ed t he l ong f ace s o f t he b ui ldi ng s' co re s h ad d ime nsi on s o f 54 b y 2 2 i nch es . T he d etdimens ions through about the 66th floor.




B ot h o f t he g ov er nm en t- sp on so re d e ng in ee ri ng s tu di es o f t he T wi n T ow er s' " co ll ap se s" - - F EM A' s a nd N IS T' s - - a re h ig hl y m is len or N IS T' s R ep or t d is cl os es d im en si on s f or c or e c ol um ns - - d im en si on s t ha t a re c le ar ly e vi de nt i n t he a rc hi te ct ur al d ra wi ng s. B ott o m in im iz e t he s tr en gt h o f t he c or es o r t o c on ce al t he ir s tr uc tu ra l r ol e e nt ir el y.

S o e ff ec ti ve w as F EM A a t c on ce al in g t he n at ur e o f t he c or es t ha t t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n R ep or t , c it in g t he F EM A R ep or t, d en ie d t

F E M A' s B u i ld i ng P e rf o r ma n ce S t u dy

F ig ur e 2 -2 o f o f F EM A' s B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce S tu dy , l ab el ed " Re pr es en ta ti ve s tr uc tu ra l f ra mi ng p la n, u pp er f lo or s" , i s o ne o f f iv

o f t he se i ll us tr at io ns d ep ic ts t he c or e c ol um ns a t t he ir m in im um d im en si on s, a nd n on e d ep ic t t he m a t t he ir t yp ic al d im en si on s. I nA ge nc y ( FE MA ) r el ea se d i ts B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce S tu dy , o f w hi ch C ha pt er 2 , " WT C 1 a nd W TC 2 ", w as d ev ot ed t o e xp la in in g ttheory" or "pancake theory", in which the s uppos ed failure of floor-trus s -to-column connections is the initiating event in a s eriesc om me nt ar y i n o ur a rc hi ve d c op y e xp os es m an y d ec ep ti ve t ec hn iq ue s e mp lo ye d i n t he a rt ic le . 3

K ey e le me nt s o f F EM A' s t he or y d ep en d o n m is re pr es en ta ti on s o f t he T ow er s' c on st ru ct io n m ad e p os si bl e b y t he ir v ag ue d es cr ip titheir Study s tates :

A s t he f lo or s c ol la ps ed , t hi s l ef t t al l f re es ta nd in g p or ti on s o f t he e xt er io r w al l a nd p os si bl y c en tr al c or e c ol um ns . A s t he u ns up po rincreas ed, they buckled at the bolted column s plice connections , and als o collaps ed. C ontrary to the FEMA's hedged as s ertion th

photographs clearly s how that large horizontal beams cros s -connected the core columns in a three-dimens ional matrix of s teel.

F EM A' s r ep or t s ee ms c ra ft ed t o h id e t he s tr uc tu ra l s ig ni fi ca nc e o f t he c or e c ol um ns , i f n ot t he ir v er y e xi st en ce . E xa mp le s o f f ea tu r

s tructures include:

F ig ur e D -1 3 f ro m F EM A' s S tu dy , b ea ri ng t he c ap ti on " WT C 1 o r W TC 2 c or e c ol um n ( C- 74 )" , i s t he o nl y p ho to gr ap h i n t he S tu dillus tr ations showing core columns of typical dimens ions The repeated use of the term "service core" to describe the cores, and aTh e u se of i ll ust rat ions that i mp ly th e co res di dn't ex ist , su ch a s Fi gu re 2- 20 T he o nly p hot ogr aph of a cor e col umn in t he R ep or t (dimens ions The inclus ion of only floor plans that show core columns of very small dimensions with no clarification that the corem uc h l ar g er d im en si o ns N IS T 's F i na l R e po r t o n t he T w in T o we rs

I n 2 00 5 N IS T p ub li sh ed i ts ' Fi na l R ep or t o f t he N at io na l C on st ru ct io n S af et y T ea m o n t he C ol la ps es o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r T on um be r o f r es pe ct s, i nc lu di ng a ny d es cr ip ti on o f t he s tr uc tu ra l s ys te ms o f t he T ow er s. I t c on ta in s v er y l it tl e i nf or ma ti on a bo ut t he

pas s ages des cribing them:

F ig ur e 3 -3 F ro m N IS T' s F in al R ep or t d ra st ic al ly m is re pr es en ts t he d im en si on s o f t he c or e c ol um ns o n t he 7 8t h t hr ou gh t he 8 3r d f l

f ab ri ca te d u si ng p ri ma ri ly 3 6 k si a nd 4 2 k si s te el s a nd a ls o d ec re as ed i n s iz e i n t he h ig he r s to ri es . T he f ou r m as si ve c or ne r c ol um nc ol um ns . T he p as sa ge i mp li es t ha t o nl y t he c or ne r c ol um ns w er e " ma ss iv e" w he n, i n f ac t, t he s ix te en c ol um ns o n t he l on g f ac es oT o w er ' s h e i gh t .

I llu st rat io ns i n t he R epo rt d ep ict t he c or e co lu mns a t t he No rt h an d S out h T ow er cr as h zo nes as b ei ng t he sam e si ze , w he n i n f actf lo or t ha n a ro un d t he 9 5t h. N IS T' s f ai lu re t o h ig hl ig ht t hi s d if fe re nc e i s e sp ec ia ll y i nt er es ti ng i n l ig ht o f i ts e st im at es o f c or e c ol umSouth Tower's core columns severed, compared to only 6 of the North Tower's. How could the South Tower's core have had morel ar ge a s t he N or th T ow er 's a nd i t s us ta in ed o nl y a g la nc in g r at he r t ha n a h ea d- on i mp ac t? W as N IS T s tr ug gl in g t o e xp la in h ow t ht wi ce a s q ui ck ly a s t he N or th T ow er d es pi te h av in g m uc h s ma ll er f ir es ?

W or ld T ra de C en te r M as te r P la n

T hi s i ll us tr at io n f ro m ' Mu lt i- St or ey B ui ld in gs i n S te el ' s ho ws a s tr uc tu ra l s ys te m t ha t m at ch es t he d ra wi ng s i n t he M AS TE R P LA

t he d et ai le d a rc hi te ct ur al d ra wi ng s, 9 -1 1 R es ea rc h p ub li sh ed t he M AS TE R P LA N, d at ed D ec em be r 1 6, 1 96 3. T he M AS TE R P LAd im en si on s, a nd s ho ws a n a rr an ge me nt o f c or e c ol um ns t ha t w as l at er c ha ng ed . T he o bs ol et e c or e c ol um n a rr an ge me nt i nd ic at ed

publications s uch as the book 'Multi-Storey B uildings in Steel'. 4

2. W o rl d T r ad e C e nt e r T o we r A A r ch i te c tu r al D r aw in g s

F lo or P la n A t E le va ti on 2 74 B 3 L ev el 7 6 4x 4 52 1 5 28 x 90 5 3 0 56 x 18 1 0 6 1 12 x 36 2 1, a bo ut 1 00 m or e

3. 2 9 S tr uc tu ra l/ Ci vi l E ng in ee rs C i te E vi de nc e f or C o nt ro ll ed E xp lo si ve D em ol it io n i n D es tr uc ti on o f A ll 3 W TC H ig h- Ri se s o n 9 /1 1

2 9 S tr uct ur al /C iv il E ng in ee rs C it e E vi den ce f or C on tr ol led E xp lo si ve D em ol it io n i n D es tr uct io n o f A ll 3 W TC H ig h- Ri se s o n 9 /1 1n ew i nv es ti ga ti on , f au lt in g o ff ic ia l r ep or ts G re gg R ob er ts a nd S ta ff T he f ac ts a re i n. T he e vi de nc e i s c on cl us iv e. T he se e xp er ts l ayi s w ro ng w it h t hi s p ic tu re ,” t ho ug ht N at ha n L om ba , a s h e w at ch ed r ep la ys o f t he T wi n T ow er c ol la ps es o n t el ev is io n o n S ep te mb e

buildings ’ res pons es to s tres s , Lomba s aw more on the s creen than you or I. He puzzled, “How did the s tructures collaps e in near-s ym me tr ic al ?” L om ba w as h ar dl y a lo ne i n h is d is co mf or t. M os t s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee rs w er e s ur pr is ed w he n t he t ow er s f el l. 1 I n 2 00 6,

began rais ing technical ques tions among his profes s ional colleagues about the des truction of the Twin Towers and 47-s tory WTCo ve rw he lm -i ng ly a gr ee t ha t v it al q ue st io ns r em ai n u na ns we re d, G ag e h as f ou nd . T od ay m or e t ha n 2 9 s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee rs , e xp er t

joined almos t 700 other Architects & Engineers for 9/11 Truth in s igning the petition demanding a new inves tigation.2 They mainS ci en ti fi c A me ri ca n a nd t he J ou rn al o f E ng in ee ri ng M ec ha ni cs , B BC , t he H is to ry C ha nn el a nd g ov er nm en t a ge nc ie s s uc h a s F EMt he or ie s t o e xp la in h ow f ir es b ro ug ht t he t ow er s d ow n. T he y c it e a v ar ie ty o f c on ce rn s a bo ut t he “ co ll ap se s” a nd t he i na de qu ac ie s




s ym me tr y o f a ll t hr ee c ol la ps es s us pi ci ou s. T he r ap id it y o f c ol la ps e – a ck no wl ed ge d b y t he g ov er nm en t a s e ss en ti al ly f re e- fa ll a cw er e w ea k; o th er s a sk h ow t he t il ti ng u pp er s ec ti on o f W TC 2 “ st ra ig ht en ed ” i ts el f. E ve ry wh er e y ou l oo k, p ie ce s o f t he p uz zl e d ot he y ea rs o nl y v al id at ed i ni ti al d is co mf or t: e ye wi tn es s t es ti mo ny o f e xp lo si on s, u ne xp la in ed m ol te n i ro n i n t he d eb ri s p il e, a nd c hef ro m g ov er nm en t r ep or ts . M an y e ng in ee rs a tt ac k i mp la us ib il it ie s i n t he B až an t p il e d ri ve r m od el , t he 2 00 2 F EM A r ep or t a nd t he 2met hod ol og y. Fi nal ly , t he c ol lapse o f W TC 7, no t h it by a ny ai rp la ne, my sti fi ed o th er s. T he r epe at ed p ost po ne men t o f t he g ov er nS ym me tr y T he s ym me tr y o f c ol la ps e st ru ck P au l M as on , a s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r i n M el bo ur ne , A us tr al ia , a nd D en ni s K ol la r, P .E . ( lit ro ub le d b y t he c ol la ps es ’ “ to ta li ty a nd u ni fo rm it y” a nd t he f ac t t ha t t he m as s o f d eb ri s r em ai ne d c en te re d o n t he b ui ld in g c or e a lli nc re as in g e cc en tr ic it y a s t he c ol la ps e p ro gr es se d, ” w ri te s H ow ar d P as te rn ac k, P .E . T he se s ys te ma ti c c ol la ps es r eq ui re d t ha t m ansi mu lt an eo us ly ,” b ut a ls o “i n s eq ue nt ia l o rd er ,” w ro te F ran k C ul li na n, P .E ., w ho d esi gn s b ri dg es i n N or th er n C al if or ni a. T ha t’ s “ im

s ho rt -d ur at io n f ir es .” 2 A nd er s B jö rk ma n W il li am R ic e T he e ng in ee rs f in d i t d if fi cu lt t o b el ie ve t he g ov er nm en t’ s c la im s ca tt er edh ea t- we ak en ed s te el w ou ld s ho w “ la rg e d ef le ct io n, a sy mm et ri c a nd l oc al f ai lu re , a nd s lo w p ro gr es s, ” D av id S co tt t ol d c ol le ag ue sg r ad u al p r oc e ss ,” a gr e es An d er s B j ör k ma n, a n d “ c an n ot b e s im u lt an e ou s e v er y wh e re . ” A S w ed i sh n av a l a r ch i te c t w or k in g i n F r an ca nd t op pl e t he m as s a bo ve i n t he d ir ec ti on o f t he l oc al c ol la ps e. ” W il li am R ice , P .E ., a V er mo nt s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r, e xp ec ts f ir e- inR on al d B ro ok ma n, S .E ., a l ic en se d s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r f ro m N ov at o, C al if or ni a, f ig ur es o n “ a p ar ti al c ol la ps e t o t he s id e. ” S ym me tr is up po rt in g c ol um ns , n ot es C ha rl es P eg el ow . “ Ho w c ou ld a ll 4 7 c or e c ol um ns f ai l a t t he s am e i ns ta nt ?” P eg el ow h as p er fo rm ed d eo p in i on : “ F ir e s c o ul d n o t d o t h at . ” I m po ss i bl e C o ll a ps e A c ce l er a ti o n T h e N a ti o na l I n st i tu t e o f S t an d ar d s a n d T e ch n ol o gy ( N IS T )i n f re e f al l” ( Se ct io n 6 .1 4. 4 o f N IS T N CS TA R 1 ). 3 B ro ok ma n w ro te a sk in g NI ST i nv est ig at or s w hy d eb ri s f el l “ wi th l it tl e o r n o r es ih ow e ac h t o we r “ in e xp l ic ab l y c o ll a ps ed u po n i t se l f, c ru s hi n g a l l 2 8 7 m a ss iv e c ol u mn s o n e ac h f l oo r w h il e m ai n ta in i ng n e ar - fr e ef alf r am ew o rk u n de r ne at h d i dn ’ t e x is t .” 4 F a ll i ng o b je ct s s ho u ld t a ke “ t he p a th o f l e as t r e si s ta n ce , ” n o te s P a st e rn a ck , w h il e o f fi c ia l e xg re at es t r es is ta nc e – t hr ou gh t he s tr on g, c ro ss -b ra ce d c or e s tr uc tu re a ll t he w ay t o t he g ro un d. T he T wi n T ow er s w er e o ve rb ui lt td a ys , sa y s K o ll a r. “ T he r e’ s so m uc h r ed u nd a nc y .. . . T h e bu i ld i ng h a s t o b e s t if f e no u gh s o it d o es n ’t s wa y .” P er i me t er c ol u mn s donl y t o “about 1 0% of th eir u lt imat e cap acit y” i n the gent le br eeze o n 9/ 11 .5 Grav it y was “a neg li gib le par t o f the lo adin g,” says KW or th in gt on , S ki ll in g, H el le & J ac ks on t ha t e ve n w it h a ll t he c ol um ns o n o ne s id e c ut , a nd s ev er al a ro un d t he t wo c or ne rs , t he T or ap id br eak up of t hi s r obu st st ruc tur e a pp ea rs to de fy t he la ws o f p hysi cs, e ng ine er s sa y. Fo rt y- fi ve y ear s o f st ruc tu ral de si gn ex peg ov er nm en t’ s c ol la ps e t he or ie s “ se em t o d ef y t he l aw s o f m ec ha ni cs , c on se rv at io n o f e ne rg y, a nd k no wn s tr uc tu ra l f ai lu re b eh av id eb ri s w ou ld h av e b ee n l ar ge ly a bs or be d b y t he e ne rg y r eq ui re d t o d is me mb er t he s tr uc tu re , b en di ng a nd t wi st in g s te el c om po nea cc om pl is h a ll t hi s w hi le a ch ie vi ng a n ea rl y f re e- fa ll -s pe ed c ol la ps e i s “ si mp ly n ot p hy si ca ll y p os si bl e, ” s ay s M as on . “ Th er e i s n os tr u ct u re t o j u st c r um bl e a w ay a t n e ar - fr e e- f al l s pe ed w o ul d h a ve r eq u ir ed i m me n se a m ou n ts o f e xp l os iv e e ne r gy .” W e ak F i re s V s.f ir e f or t he d es tr uc ti on o f a ll t hr ee W or ld T ra de C en te r t ow er s, t he f ir es d o n ot a pp ea r t o h av e b ee n p ar ti cu la rl y s ev er e. N IS T s ta tealso acknowledged that office furniture burns for only 15 to 20 minutes in any one area” before it’s consumed,8 Scott points out.n ow he re c lo se t o t he “ 60 0+ d eg re es C en ti gr ad e 1 ,2 00 R on B ro ok ma n C ha rl es P eg el ow 3 d eg re es F ah re nh ei t] r eq ui re d t o c au se f ai lHuebner , P. E. , p oin ts ou t. So oty smok e and dul l red fl ames, Scot t says, i ndi cate “cool f ir es .. . f uel -st arv ed f ir es.” Fir emen at th e 78a dd s, “ no t t he 1 00 0 -d eg r ee - Ce nt i gr a de i n fe r no ” g o ve r nm en t o f fi c ia l s c l ai m . N e w Y or k F i re D ep ar t me nt ( F DN Y ) p er s on ne l , t r ai n eex pe ct t ot al col lap se , B ro ok man w rit es. S co tt n ot es t hat sev er al st ee l- fr ame d t ower s h av e bu rne d l on ger , h ott er – and mu ch mo re i

f ir e c an d o t o s te el a nd w ha t i t c an ’t .” “ Ov er 1 00 r ec or de d w it ne ss es r ep or te d h ea ri ng a nd s ee in g m ul ti pl e e xp lo si on s, ” R ic e w ro tei nc lu di ng t he F DN Y o ra l h is to ri es , o f s ec on da ry e xp lo si on s . .. w el l b el ow t he i mp ac t f lo or s. ” H is l et te r t o C on gr es si on al r ep re se nm ov i ng h or i zo n ta l ly a nd v er t ic a ll y .” B r oo km a n a dd e d: “ T ha t d o es n o t l o ok a n yt h in g l i ke a h ea t -i n du c ed , g r av i ta t io na l c ol l ap s e m esev er al t on s eac h wer e e je ct ed l ate ral ly up to 60 0] f eet .” Hi s co nc lu si on: “No t p os sib le wi tho ut ex pl osi ve s.” A ng ul ar M ome nt ums to ri es t ip pe d a s a u ni t, p ho to s s ho w. “ Th e t il ti ng b lo ck d oe sn ’t l oo k r ig ht ,” B ro ok ma n s ai d. I t s ho ul d “ co nt in ue t o r ot at e a nd f al lt hi ng . T he f ai lu re m od e o f s uc h t al l s tr uc tu re s s ho ul d h av e b ee n “ a f al l o ve r t o t he s id e” ( Kn es l) a nd “ a t op pl in g o f t he u pp er f lo o( Lo mb a) . “ It l oo ke d l ik e a n e xp lo si ve e ve nt ,” B ro ok ma n s ai d. “ T he u pp er s ec ti on ] b eg an t il ti ng t ow ar d t he d am ag e z on e, a nd t het he p ro ce ss .” B ui ld in g 7 ’s M ys ti fy in g I mp lo si on B af fl in g a s t he T ow er s’ “ co ll ap se s” w er e, e ve n m or e p er pl ex in g w as t he d es tr uc tis ay s R ic e. “ Un ex pl ai na bl e, ” s ay s H ue bn er . “ No p la ne h it t hi s b ui ld in g, ” p oi nt s o ut G ra ha m I nm an , a c ha rt er ed e ng in ee r i n L on dot hi rd Wo rl d T ra de C en te r h ig h- ri se d es tr oy ed o n S ep te mb er 1 1t h, s in ce i t w as n ot r ep ea te dl y t el ev is ed . K am al O be id , S .E ., p on de rsW TC 7 c an not c au se a c at ast ro phi c co ll ap se l ik e a h ou se o f c ar ds w it ho ut a s imu lt ane ous an d p at ter ne d l oss o f s ev er al o f i ts co lu“ si mu lt an eo us f ai lu re o f a ll c ol um ns ,” w ro te I nm an , “ ra th er t ha n t he e xp ec te d] p ha se d a pp ro ac h, ” i n w hi ch u nd am ag ed c ol um ns

h ou se d “ of fi ce s o f t he C IA , t he S ec re t S er vi ce , a nd t he D ep ar tm en t o f D ef en se , a mo ng o th er s, ” R ic e n ot es , t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n li nq ui ry b la me d W TC 7 ’s c ol la ps e o n f ir es , t ho ug h i t a dm it s t ha t i ts “ be st h yp ot he si s h as o nl y a l ow p ro ba bi li ty o f o cc ur re nc e. ” R io f W TC B ui ld in g # 7 h id de n f ro m p ub li c v ie w. ” T he P ha nt om P il e D ri ve r T wo d ay s a ft er 9 /1 1, D r. Z de něk B až an t o ff er ed a r at io na lS ev en y ea rs l at er , h is t he si s1 0 s ti ll u nd er li es o ff ic ia l c la im s t ha t t ot al c ol la ps es w er e “ in ev it ab le .” B až an t’ s m at he ma ti ca l m od el o fdis appeared s traight down into the rubble cloud. Zdeněk B až an t K am al O be id W TC 7 c am e d ow n i n f ul l f re e- fa ll f or 2 -1 /4 s ec on dt ra ns fo rm at io n i nt o a p il e d ri ve r “ bl oc k” f re e- fa ll in g o ne s to ry t o h am me r t he e nt ir e t ow er i nt o s cr ap m et al a nd p ow de r i nv ol ve s “B jö rk ma n. H is o pi ni on d er iv es f ro m t hi rt y- fi ve y ea rs i n s hi p s ur ve yi ng a nd c on st ru ct io n, d es ig n o f t an ke rs a nd s ea go in g f er ri es ,

Never before, B jörkman notes , has “a s maller object (the light-weight, upper, actually non-rigid, flexible s teel s tructure cons is tingo th er o bj ec t ( th e c om pl ex s te el s tr uc tu re b el ow ) o nl y w it h t he a ss is ta nc e o f g ra vi ty .” B jö rk ma n s co ff s a t B až an t’ s m yt hi ca l f re e- fa ll

perfect array on the 287 columns below. Steel bends and mas hes in B jörkman’s s alty world, and “it is not certain that the hammerh or iz on ta l s tr uc tu re s, a nd p un ch h ol es i n f lo or s, c re at in g e ne rg y- ab so rb in g f ri ct io ns , d ef or me d s te el , l oc al f ai lu re s, a nd “ a s of t c ol ls hu ff le d a rr ay – a nd s to ps w el l s ho rt o f t ot al c ol la ps e. V id eo s s ho w t ha t B až an t’ s a ll eg ed p il e d ri ve r d is in te gr at es “ wi th in 3 .5 s ec os ta rt s! ” B jö rk ma n c ha ll en ge s D r. B až an t a nd h is f ol lo we rs t o p ro du ce a “ ti me ta bl e, a na ly si s, a nd e xp la na ti on ” c on si st en t w it h t heu pp er b lo ck !” M ol te n I ro n “ Fl ow in g L ik e L av a” S te el s ta rt s m el ti ng a t 2 70 0° F , a lm os t 1 00 0° h ot te r t ha n j et f ue l f ir es , n ot es P eg elo f m ol te n s te el i n t he w re ck ag e? ” h e a sk s. F DNY C ap ta in P hi li p R uv ol o r ep or te d se ei ng i n t he b as em en ts “ mo lt en s te el . .. l ik e y ouone of the design engineer s of the World Trade C enter and a s upporter of the official collaps e story, reportedly acknowledged onm ol te n s te el w as s ti ll r un ni ng .” 12 R ic ha rd G ar lo ck , a s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r i n R ob er ts on ’s f ir m, s ai d “ Go in g b el ow .. .. t he d eb ri s p as t tA bo lh as sa n A st an eh -A sl , a no th er s up po rt er o f t he o ff i ci al s to ry a nd t he f ir st s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r g iv en a cc es s t o t he W TC s te el , t o




C e nt e r. ” 14 J et f u el c an ’ t m e lt s t ee l, “ b ut t h er m it e e xp l os i ve s/ i nc en di a ri es c an . . . c r ea t e t em p er a tu r es i n e xc e ss o f 4 0 00 d e gr e es F a hs eg me nt s o f s te el c ol um ns a nd b ea ms .” C he mi ca l e vi de nc e o f t he rm it e f ou nd i n t he p ow de re d d eb ri s b y p hy si ci st D r. S te ve n J on eB ro ok ma n c ha ll en ge s N IS T t o e xp la in t in y “ ir on -r ic h s ph er es f ou nd i n t he W TC d us t, ” w hi ch a pp ea r t o b e s ol id if ie d d ro pl et s o f o n20 02 F EM A R epo rt T he F EMA 4 03 r ep or t17 w as “in co mp le te at best and a co ve r-u p at w or st ,” say s str uct ur al eng in eer <n ame r em et al lu rg ic al s tu dy i n i ts A pp en di x C .2 f ou nd “ ev id en ce o f a s ev er e h ig h t em pe ra tu re c or ro si on a tt ac k o n t he s te el . .. w it h s ub se qut ha t “ se ve re ly w ea ke n e d] ” t he s tr uc tu ra l s te el . F EM A s ci en ti st s l at er s ta te i n A pp en di x C .6 t ha t “ no c le ar e xp la na ti on f or t he s out ha t u na cc ep ta bl e. “ Th e r ep or t h as u nc ov er ed a n u ne xp la in ab le p he no me no n w it hi n t he c on te xt o f t he o ff ic ia l s to ry ] t ha t m ay h av“and has s tated that further s tudy is needed, but FEMA has not Other Engineers Agree Not all the s tructural engineers who havear ti cl e. B ut al l of th em sup po rt a n ew in vest igat ion, p rim ar il y be cause o f t he evi de nce of con tr oll ed d emo li tio n pr esen te d o n ou r w

w it h f ur th er r es ea rc h. ” E vi de nc e w as n ot j us t i gn or ed ; i t w as d es tr oy ed . F ir em en r io te d a t G ro un d Z er o, 18 p ro te st in g t he d es ec ra tt he s tr uc tu ra l s te el d eb ri s. “ Th e d es tr uc ti on o f t he c ri me s ce ne e vi de nc e i s i ne xc us ab le ,” H ue bn er w ri te s. S co tt l am en ts t he “ ma ssE di t or i n C h ie f o f F i re E ng i ne er i ng m ag az in e, c al le d F E MA ’ s i n ve st i ga t io n “ a h al f -b a ke d f a rc e. ”1 9 S t ee l c om p on en ts w er e s ta mp er ea ss em bl y f or s tu dy , b ut t ha t r ea ss em bl y n ev er t oo k p la ce . B r oo km an a sk s, “ Wh y w as t he s te el . .. n ot t ho ro ug hl y e xa mi ne d b y f iA si a f or r ec yc li ng ?” P eg el ow c ha rg es t ha t “ FE MA h am pe re d a nd d is to rt ed t he i nv es ti ga ti on ,” c it in g D r. A bo lh as sa n A st an eh -A slScience that FEMA held back es s ential engineering drawings and videotapes and photographs . Such flawed methodology was at he l os s o f t he c or es ,” S co tt p oi nt s o ut . H e s ay s F EM A’ s n ot io n t ha t f lo or c on ne ct io ns a ll f ai le d s im ul ta ne ou sl y a t t he o ut er w al l as t ru c tu r al e ng i ne e r a n d b u il d er b as e d i n Me l bo u rn e , b e li e ve s th a t a p an c ak e -s t yl e co l la p se s ho u ld h av e le f t s u pp o rt i n g c o lu m ns so f s ha tt er ed f lo or s i n t he b ui ld in g f oo tp ri nt b el ow . O nl y v er y s ma ll f lo or s ec ti on s w er e f ou nd , a nd n ot m an y o f t he m. D ec ep ti ve p r L ac ke y, w ho d es ig ns b ri dg es f or t he V er mo nt A ge nc y o f T ra ns po rt at io n, c it es t he M in ne ap ol is B r id ge c ol la ps e s tu dy a s t he “ ki nn ee ds . F EM A’ s r ep or ts s ta ck u p p oo rl y. S om e o f i ts g ra ph ic s “ om it t he c or es a lt og et he r, ” s ay s S co tt , a nd s om e d ep ic t c ol um ns h aS co tt d ec ri es “ at te mp ts t o d is to rt i mp or ta nt t ec hn ic al i nf or ma ti on .” T he A us tr al ia ns u se m or e c ol or fu l t er mi no lo gy : M as on s ay s

been “s tooged.” Truncated and Fudged C omputer Model Undermines NIST R eport (2005) NIST’s $20 million report is generallye xp la in h ow f ir es a nd p la ne i mp ac ts d es tr oy ed t he W TC . “ Th e r ep or t n ot o nl y f ai ls t o e xp la in w hy a nd h ow t he t ow er s c om pl et elc ol la ps e b ec am e i ne vi ta bl e w it ho ut a ny f ur th er e xp la na ti on .” H e a sk s w hy N IS T “ co ns id er ed c on se rv at io n o f e ne rg y a nd m om en t

NIST s topped its computerized models before the ons et of collaps e,” Scott complains . “No work was done to calculate what happR o n B r oo km a n a d ds : “ T he c o mp l et e c ol l ap se m e ch an i sm . .. c an n ot b e ‘ o mi t te d f o r b r ev i ty ’ i n a ny c om p re he ns i ve a na l ys is . ” N I ST ’res erve s trength is not s upported by any calculations or “by any evidence whats oever or any s erious s tructural analys is ,” s tatesw or k o n c en tr al i ss ue s, i ts n um er ou s v ol um es a re p ac ke d w it h d is tr ac ti ng t ri vi a. H ue bn er , w ho se t we nt y- fi ve y ea rs o f A N ot e A bco mme nt s f rom t he st ru ct ur al e ng in ee rs q uo ted i n t hi s ar ti cl e w ou ld s il en ce t he “ de bun ker s” wh o di smi ssed ou r a rgu men ts f ir st bnever true to begin with. After AE911Truth was formed and s cores of engineers s igned the petition, thes e debunkers predictablye n g i ne e r s w h o k n ow a n y t h i ng a b o u t h e a vy s t e e l s t r uc t u r es s u c h a s t a l l b u i ld i n g s. S i n c e t h e 2 9 e n g in e e r s i n te r v i ew e d f o r t h i s a r t in o d ou bt j us t b e m ov ed a ga in . T hi s k in d o f b eh av io r s ho ul d m ak e c le ar t he n at ur e o f t he g am e t ha t i s b ei ng p la ye d. O ne w or d f or iste el sa mp le af ter h ot cor ro sio n at tack . FE MA, App end ix C 6 st ru ctu ral e ngi neer ing ex pe ri en ce i ncl udes f or en si c i nvest igat ion o f

paper where you jus t keep adding s tuffing] to make the paper longer. Lots of pages of nothing! Definitely trying to cover up s ome

t he “ co mp le te p ul ve ri za ti on o f b ui ld in g m at er ia ls a nd c on te nt s” a nd “ vi si bl y e xp lo si ve c lo ud s o f d us t, a sh , a nd d eb ri s. ” H e r ec ei vB ro ok ma n, “ an d r el y o n t he m e ve ry d ay .” N IS T’ s r ep or ts “ se em t o r eq ui re m ul ti pl e l ea ps o f f ai th i n h ig hl y i mp ro ba bl e e ve nt s, ” w re st im at es o f t em pe ra tu re a nd d am ag e c ou ld n ot e ve n g en er at e a c ol la ps e, S co tt p oi nt s o ut . T he y’ d “ si mp ly a dj us t t he i np ut u nt il to v er e st i ma t ed c o re c o lu m n d am a ge , S c ot t b e li e ve s, a l mo st c e rt ai n ly o v er e st i ma t ed s te e l t e mp e ra t ur e s, a n d d e fi n it e ly o v er e st i ma t es ho ul d “ re ly o n l og ic al d ed uc ti on , r ea so n a nd f ir st -p ri nc ip le a na ly si s, ” S co tt s ay s, “ no t c ir cu la r r ea so ni ng a nd a dj us ti ng m od el s t oS to ry B ui ld in g 7 ’s N ea r- Fr ee fa ll C ol la ps e D ef ie s N IS T R ep or t ( 20 08 ) " We ’v e h ad t ro ub le g et ti ng a h an dl e o n b ui ld in g N o. 7 ,” N ISM ag az in e o ve r t wo y ea rs a go . D av id T op et e, S .E ., a sk s w hy n o o th er n ea rb y b ui ld in gs c ol la ps ed w he n s om e w er e m uc h m or e se vr ec en t r ep or t b la me s o ne b uc kl in g c ol um n, n um be r 7 9, f or W TC 7 ’s g lo ba l a nd n ea r- sy mm et ri ca l c ol la ps e, y et c ha ra ct er iz es W TCmi nu tes i n any gi ve n l oca ti on be fo re mo vi ng on . Ob ei d r ej ect s t he su gg est ion t hat o ne f ai li ng c ol um n co ul d p ul l a dj ace nt col umn sl ow er s tr uc tu re t o s pr ea d h or iz on ta ll y, ” h e w ro te r ec en tl y. “ Su ch a f ai lu re w ou ld c au se a b re ak -a wa y . .. i ns te ad o f p ul li ng t he s tr ucsom eh ow tr ig ge red , Ob ei d sa ys , “t he bu ild ing wo ul d n ot ha ve c ol lap sed so n eat ly a nd s ym me tr ic al ly . A ll co re co lum ns h av e t o beD i s t ur b i n g Q u e st i o n s T h a t M u s t B e A n s we r e d T o p r e s er v e A m e r ic a ’ s “ u n p re c e d en t e d f r e e d om s , ” C l a y t on S i m m o ns s a y s, “ w e

i n vo l ve m en t in t hi s ap p ar e nt c ov e r- u p a n d t h e m e di a ’s r ef u sa l to ad d r es s i m po r t an t qu e st i on s .” S co t t t o o e x pr e ss e s w o nd e r t h at sm ut ed ,” e ve n “ un in te re st ed .” R ic e f ou nd t ha t p ol it ic ia ns a ls o l ac ke d i nt er es t. M an y p eo pl e “ re ma in w il lf ul ly i gn or an t, ” w ri te s G en.. . r eg ar dl es s o f t he f act t ha t o ur f ree do ms ar e b ein g t ak en f rom us .” P er hap s f ew ar e q ues ti on ing , B roo km an s ay s, be ca us e i t’ s “pim pl icat ion s.” W il lia m Acr i, P .E ., be li ev es t hat th e eng inee r’s o at h “t o ho ld pu bl ic sa fet y abo ve a ll el se” dem an ds t hat th ey r ai se qu nd er we nt t ot al p ro gr es si ve c ol la ps e i n l es s t ha n t wo h ou rs o f f ir e, m er el y b ec au se o f t he f ir es a nd s om e d am ag e t o t he f ir ep ro of i7 f ai le d f ro m a l oc al iz ed f ir e e ve nt , I nm an a sk s, w hy d id n’ t t he o wn er s a nd i ns ur er s s ue t he d es ig ne rs ? “ Ei th er t he b ui ld in g d es ig ns tr uc tu ra l d es ig n o r f ir e” b ro ug ht d ow n W TC 7 , h e s ay s. W hy S ho ul d S ci en ce -B as ed F or en si c E vi de nc e B e T ab oo ? F ro m a ll a cr osFr an ce, t he st ruc tu ral en gi nee rs we sp ok e w it h f or th is ar tic le j oi n mo re th an 67 5 ot he r Ar ch it ec ts an d En gi ne er s f or 9/ 11 Tr uth i nd es tr uc ti on o f t he t hr ee Wo rl d T ra de C en te r h ig h- ri se s o n S ep te mb er 1 1. “ Th e i mp li ca ti on s o f t he c on tr ol le d D av id T op et e 7 d em ow eb si te a re s ta gg er in g, ” s ay s f ou nd in g m em be r R ic ha rd G ag e, A IA . “ We t he re fo re i nv it e a ll A me ri ca ns t o e xa mi ne t he s ci en ce -b ao wn c on cl us io ns .” L om ba ’s c on cl us io n, d ra wn f ro m h is i ni ti al p er ce pt io ns a nd v al id at ed b y s ub se qu en t d ev el op me nt s, i s c le ar : “hypothes is that the fire protection was damaged and the fires s omehow weakened the steel frames, that s till does not explain the rc ha l le n ge s h i s f e ll o w s t ru ct u ra l e n gi n ee r s: “ T he b u il d in g p e rf o rm a nc e o n 9 / 11 m a tc h ed c o nt r ol l ed d e mo l it i on . I t d o es n o t m a tc h f iD o w e h a v e t h e c o u r ag e t o b r o a dc a s t i t ? ” R e f e re n c es 1 h t t p: / / w ww . p b s. o r g /w g b h /n o v a/ w t c /d y k . ht m l 2 h t t p: / / w ww . a e9 1 1 t r ut h . o rg /3http://wtc.nis t.gov/NISTNC STAR 1C ollapseofTowers .pdf 4http://www.vermontguardian.com/commentary/032007/TwinTowers .sB ui ldi ngs, ”E ngi neer ing News -R eco rd, Apr il 2 , 1 96 4. 6 Jam es Gl an z an d E ric L ipt on, C it y i n t he S ky: T he R ise an d F al l o f t he W or ld7 h t tp : / /c m s. f i re h o us e .c o m/ c o nt e n t/ a r ti c le / a rt i c le . js p ?s e ct i o nI d = 46 & i d= 2 5 80 7 8 h t t p: / / wt c .n i s t. g o v/ N I ST N C ST A R 1C o l la p se o f To wstory=20060118104223192 10http://www.civil.northwestern.edu/people/Bažant/PDFs/Papers/405.pdf 11http://la.myspace.com/inde




http://www.s eau.org/SEAUNews -2001-10.pdf 13http://www.pbs .org/americarebuilds /engineering/engineering_debris_06.html 14 june07/overpas s _05-10.html 15http://www.journalof911studies.com/volume/200704/J onesWTC 911SciMethod.pdf 16http://www.j

http://www.fema.gov/pdf/library/fema403_ch1.pdf. 18 http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/attack/45256_zero03.shtml 19http://www.fireeA ll t he s tr uct ur al e ng in ee rs b el ow h av e s ig ne d t he A E9 11 Tr ut h p et it io n. No t a ll o f t he m w er e i nt er vi ew ed f or t hi s a rt ic le . Na me C reP .E ng . L ic : 1 43 01 6 B AS c T or on to , O N – C an ad a C on st ru ct io n E ng in ee r, a nd S tr uc tu ra l C on su lt an t, i n T or on to , A lb er ta , a nd B C. IA rt ha y P .E ., L i c: 5 79 12 , M .S ., S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee ri ng , I l li no is ; W es t P al m B ea ch , F L L ic en se d S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee r w it h 1 5+ y ea rs oa rc hi te ct & M ar in e e ng in ee r * M. Sc . B ea us ol ei l, A lp es M ar it im e – F ra nc e 4 0 y ea rs o f s te el s tr uc tu ra l d es ig n, o pe ra ti on s, d am ag e af or o th er s tr uc tu re s, e .g . t ow er s J im B om fo rd P . E ng ., B .A .S c. E ng in ee ri ng , U BC , C ow ic ha n B ay , B C – C an ad a A c iv il e ng in ee r a nB C f or t hi rt y f iv e y ea rs . C la ud e R ob er t B ri sc oe P .E . L ic : C iv il E ng in ee r C 17 54 6 - - C al if or ni a B S E ng in ee ri ng , U CL A S an ta R os a, C

c on st ru ct io n w it h p ro je ct w or k i n b ri dg es , b ui ld in gs , f ou nd at io ns , e ar th r et ai ni ng s tr uc tu re s, r oa ds , h ig hw ay s, a nd v ar io us c om me rB ro ok ma n S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee r L ic : S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee r 3 65 3 C A C iv il E ng in ee r 4 46 54 C A, B .S . & M .S . E ng in ee ri ng , U .C . D av is N ot he s ta te o f C a li fo rn i a. H e o bt ai ne d B . S. C i vi l E n gi ne er i ng ( 19 84 ) a nd M .S . S t ru ct ur al E ng i ne er in g ( 1 98 6) d eg re es f ro m t h e U ni ve rs ii n s tr uc tu ra l a na ly si s, d es ig n, e va lu at io n a nd r eh ab il it at io n o f b ui ld in gs i n n or th er n C al if or ni a. F ra nk J . C ul li na n P .E . C iv il E ng in ee re xp er ti se i s i n s tr uc tu re c on st ru ct io n o f b ri dg es a nd t o a l es se r e xt en t d em ol it io n o f b ri dg es . 9 N am e C re de nt ia ls / E du ca ti on / L oc aE ng in ee ri ng , M as te r, T he H ag ue , Z ui d H ol la nd – T he N et he rl an ds M as te r d eg re e M ec ha ni ca l E ng in ee ri ng o bt ai ne d a t U ni ve rs it y( st ee l s tr uc tu re ) a nd a er os pa ce e ng in ee ri ng . < na me r ed ac te d b y r eq ue st > < re da ct ed > < re da ct ed > R ic k F ow lk es P .E . L ic : 1 31 62 AZ /

profess ional engineer - Arizona Structural - PE; C alifornia - C ivil-P.E. Pres ident of Fowlkes Enterpris es , Inc. s ince 1983 in Mes a, AC or po r at i on C om mi ss io ne r. B il l G en it sa ri s C on su lt in g S tr u ct ur a l E ng in ee r & B ui l de r B A E ng in ee ri ng , U ni . o f M el b ou rn e M el bo ury ea rs e xp er ie nc e i n C iv il a nd S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee ri ng . W or ke d i n t he f ie ld s o f s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee ri ng d es ig n, c on st ru ct io n, d em ol it iW or ke d f or m an y y ea rs a s a s en io r c on su lt in g s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r i n t he r es id en ti al a nd c om me rc ia l f ie ld s. I n t ho se y ea rs , p ro vi def o r n e w a nd e xi st i ng b u il d in g s, c on s tr u ct i on a nd d e mo l it i on a dv i ce /p r oc ed u ra l r e co mm en d at i on s, t o r em e di al w or k s r e co m me nd at iH ue bn er P .E . L ic : 6 20 10 36 07 7 M I P ro fe ss io na l E ng in ee r B S CE A ub ur n H il ls , M I S in ce g ra du at in g c ol le ge i n 1 98 2, I h av e w or ke d ic on su lt in g bu si ne ss a s a s tr uc tu ra l en gi ne er . I ha ve e xp er i en ce w it h wo od , co nc re te , an d st ee l de si gn a s w el l as s om e fo re ns ic e xe xp er ie nc e a s a p ai d o n c al l f ir e/ re sc ue w or ke r. E dw ar d E . K ne sl P .E ., S .E . L ic : C 2 21 02 A Z, S 2 21 72 A Z M .S . E ng in ee ri ng P ho en ix ,E ng in ee ri ng . T hi rt y f iv e y ea rs o f e xp er ie nc e d om es ti c a nd o ve rs ea s i n c om me rc ia l a nd t ra ns po rt at io n p ro je ct s : - S tr uc tu ra l D es igM an ag em en t - P lan R ev iew - S pe ci al I nsp ect io n 1 0 Na me C red en ti al s / E du ca ti on / L oc at io n B io D en ni s J. Ko ll ar P .E ., St ru ct ur al E nGraduate C oursework West B end, WI I began my career in the 1980's as a Structurally C ertified Welder and held various weldingB .S . i n C iv il E ng in ee ri ng f ro m t he U ni ve rs it y o f W is co nsi n - M il wa uk ee i n 1 99 3 w it h a n e mp ha si s i n S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee ri ng . I h av es it e d es ig n a nd 1 0+ Y ea rs e xp er ie nc e i n t he s tr uc tu ra l d es ig n o f r es id en ti al , c om me rc ia l, i nd us tr ia l, a nd i ns ti tu ti on al s tr uc tu re s o f s tP.E . E ngin eer L ic: 0 18-00 05701 VT B .S. C. E., UVM 1985 S towe, VT I began my car eer as a Geod etic S urveyo r i n th e US Ar my in Gerg ra du at ed f ro m t he U ni ve rs it y o f V er mo nt w it h a B SC E f ro m 1 98 2- 19 85 . I p ra ct ic ed a s a n E IT i n A la sk a, N ew H am ps hi re a nd V er mm y P .E . e xa m a nd b ec am e l ic en se d i n V er mo nt i n 1 98 9. I j oi ne d t he V er mo nt A ge nc y o f T ra ns po rt at io n i n 1 98 9 w he re I h av e w or keP .E ., S .E ., M .A SC E; 4 13 2 C /S I D, C 43 28 4 C A; B .S .C .E ., U . o f C ol or ad o; E ur ek a, C A C on su lt in g c iv il /s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r w it h o ve rr an g es f r om c us to m r es i de nt i al t o h ea vy i n du st r ia l s t ru ct u re s. S o me m aj o r p r oj ec t i n vo l ve me nt s i nc l ud e: L ea d c iv i l/ s tr u ct ur a l e ng i n

st ru ct ur al de si gn e ng in eer f or a 4 1, 00 0 s q. f t. P ul p M ac hi ne B ui ld in g; a nd R es ide nt E ng in ee r o n a 5 50 M W N at ur al -g as f ir ed p owe rB SC E, 1 97 6, U ni ve rs it y o f C ol or ad o, D en ve r/ Bo ul de r, C O P ro fe ss io na l A ff il ia ti on s: M em be r, A me ri ca n C on cr et e I ns ti tu te ( AC I) MC h ar te r m em b er , S tr u ct ur a l E ng i ne er i ng I n st i ti t ut e ( S EI ) P r of e ss i on al m e mb er , A me ri c an I n st it u te o f S t ee l C o ns tr u ct i on ( AI S C) P aM em b er # 3 40 40 ( Al so A ss oc i at i on o f P r of e ss io na l E ng i ne er s, S ci e nt i st s & M a na ge r s, A us tr a li a, m em be r # 2 22 34 9 ); M el b ou r ne , Vc on st ru ct in g a nd m ai nt ai ni ng m aj or s tr uc tu re s f or s ta te g ov er nm en t a ge nc y. 1 1 N am e C re de nt ia ls / E du ca ti on / L oc at io n B io T ra vi sCincinnati, OH I received my B S in Civil and Environmental Engineer ing from the University of Cincinnati in 2007. I am curr entlyUn iv er si ty o f C in ci nn at i as we ll a s w or ki ng f or a l oc al s tr uct ur al e ngi ne er in g co nsu lt in g f ir m. D r. R ob er t T . M ot e P hD, S tr uc tu ra l E nC a na da + 2 0 y ea r s e xp er i en c e i n s tr u ct u ra l d es i gn . S pe ci a l i nt e re st i n d yn am i c a n d e xp l os i on b eh a vi o ur o f s tr u ct u ra l e le m en ts a n d f S tr uc tu ra l E ng , N or th ea st er n S ee ko nk , M A S tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee r s in ce 1 98 6. I nv ol ve d i n d es ig n o f h un dr ed s o f s te el s tr uc tu re s t hoS . O bei d S E, P E L ic: S tr uc tur al E ng ine er 2 82 6 C A, C iv il E ng ine er 3 52 14 M SC E, U C B er ke ley , F rem ont , C A C on su lt in g s tr uct ur al ea nd r et ro fi t. C al if or ni a S E 1 98 5 C al if or ni a P E 1 98 2 M SC E 1 98 0, U C B er ke le y B SC E 1 97 8, U ni ve rs it y o f T ex as , A us ti n H ow ar d P as te ro f T or on to T or on to , O N – C an ad a B .A .S c. C iv il E ng in ee ri ng ( sp ec ia li zi ng i n S tr uct ur al E ng in ee ri ng ) 1 98 6 G ra du at e w or k a t U . o f

S tr uc tu re s: A nr ep A ss oc ia te s t o 1 99 0 D es ig n, A na ly si s a nd I ns pe ct io n o f S tr uc tu re s: M or ri so n H er sh fi el d t o 1 99 3. D es ig n, A na lyS er vi ce s 1 99 3- pr es en t. 1 2 N am e C re de nt ia ls / E du ca ti on / L oc at io n B io C ha rl es N . P eg el ow P E, C iv il E ng in ee r. l ic C al if C E 2 63 44 e xL ic : 0 18 -0 00 29 91 V T M S C iv il E ng in ee ri ng , C or ne ll U ni v. R an do lp h C en te r, V T I e ar ne d m y B SC E d eg re e f ro m t he U ni ve rs it y o f d eg re e i n c iv il e ng in ee ri ng f ro m C or ne ll U ni ve rs it y. A ft er g ra du at io n f ro m U Ma ss , I w as e mp lo ye d i n t he f ie ld b y t wo o f t he n at ioA us ti n C om pa ny ( a d es ig n/ bu il d f ir m) a nd l at er t he G eo rg e A . F ul le r C on st ru ct io n C om pa ny . T he c on st ru ct io n o f o ne o f t he A us tim as te r' s t he si s. I a ls o t au gh t b ui ld in g d es ig n a nd c on st ru ct io n r el at ed c ou rs es t o c iv il e ng in ee ri ng a nd a rc hi te ct ur al s tu de nt s a t V eE ng in ee r, M ec ha ni ca l E ng in ee ri ng , P ar is – F ra nc e D eg re e i n m ec ha ni ca l/ st ru ct ur al e ng in ee ri ng a nd d eg re e i n e ng in ee ri ng f or h ig hGeot echnical C ivi l Engi neer , B SC Struct ural and Geotech nical Ci vil E n Ottawa, ON – Canada Wi th over a year's experience in theg eo te ch ni ca l C iv il E ng in ee ri ng . I h av e j us t g ra du at ed f ro m t he U ni ve rs it y o f O tt aw a, a nd p ro no un ce d a n O bl ig at ed E ng in ee r b y ww or k ma ns hi p i n m y f i el d . D av i d S co tt A M IC E , C E ng , M I St r uc tE B e ng A uc ht er ar de r, P er t hs hi re – G re at B r it ai n C on su lt i ng S tr u ct ua nd f ou nd in g d ir ec to r o f a s tr uc tu ra l a nd a rc hi te ct ur al d es ig n p ra ct ic e i n P er th sh ir e, S co tl an d. 1 3 N am e C re de nt ia ls / E du ca ti on / LL ic: 7 27 49 ( CE ) C A B .S .C .E ., B ri gh am Yo ung Un iv er si ty, S an ta R os a, C A M r. S im mon s s tu di ed at B ri gh am Yo ung Un iv er si ty, g raE ng in ee ri ng w it h a n e mp ha si s i n s tr uc tu re s. H e h ad t he u ni qu e p ri vi le ge o f b ei ng o ne o f D r. S te ve n J on es ' p hy si cs s tu de nt s p ri or to f e ne rg y a nd m om en tu m. F ol lo wi ng h is f or ma l t ra in in g, h e r et ur ne d t o h is n at iv e S an ta R os a, C al if or ni a a nd h as w or ke d f or t he pan d d es ig ni ng w at er -b as ed i nf ra st ru ct ur e a nd r es id en ti al s tr uc tu re s. D av id T op et e S .E . L ic : S 47 93 C A C 59 28 0 C A B .S . C iv il E ng ina J un io r E ng in ee r, I r et ur ne d t o p ur su e a M as te r' s d eg re e ( ju st s ho rt ). I h av e b ee n a d es ig ne r t hr ou gh ou t m y c ar ee r, m ai nl y r es id en tiW . T ow ns en d C iv il E ng in ee r L ic : C 47 92 1 C A B SC E C SU -F or t C ol li ns , C ol or ad o S ac ra me nt o, C A I r ec ei ve d a B S i n C iv il E ng in ee ria l ic en se d C i vi l E n gi ne er i n t he S ta te o f C al if o rn ia i n 1 99 1. I h av e w or k ed i n s ev er al f i el ds o f c iv il e ng in ee ri ng i nc lu di ng s tr uc tu ra l




4. R ep ub li c M ag az in e — E vi de nc e f or t he E xp lo si ve D em ol it io n o f W or ld T ra de C en te r, B ui ld in g 7 o n 9 /1 1, S ep t ' 09

70 0 Ar ch it ec ts & E ng ine er s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th P RE SE NT E vi de nc e f or t he E xp lo si ve De mo li ti on of W or ld T rad e C en te r, B ui ld ing 7 onChandler 24 core columns - removed within a fraction of a second – by !re? '' GZejWa^X BV\Vo^ cZ >hhjZ &+ HjWhXg^WZl ll #g Ze jW a^ Xb V\ Vo c Z# Xd b N IS T i ni ti al ly d en ie d t he f ac t o f f re e- fa ll i n i ts f in al d ra ft r ep or t r el ea se d i n A ug us t 2 00 8. I n t he t ec hS hy am S un de r e xp la in ed , “ A f re e- fa ll t im e w ou ld b e a n o bj ec t t ha t h as n o s tr uc tu ra l c om po ne nt s b el ow i t. ” H e c la im ed t ha t W TC 7that is not at all unus ual becaus e there was structural res is tance that was provided in this particular cas e. And you had a s equence v er y th i ng w as n o t i n st a nt a ne o us . ” H o we v er , ph y si c s i n st r uc t or a nd AE 9 11 T ru t h a s so c ia t e D a vi d Ch a nd l er h ad us e d n e tw o rk t elt he b ui ld in g d ur in g i ts f al l a nd s ho wn c on cl us iv el y t ha t a s ig ni fi ca nt p er io d o f f re e- fa ll w as a n i nd is pu ta bl e f ac t. H e p ub li cl y c ha ll es ev er al o th er s, h e f il ed f or ma l r eq ue st s f or c or re ct io ns d ur in g t he p ub li c r es po ns e p er io d. I n i ts f in al r ep or t N IS T r ev er se d i ts el f o ni n d ec ep ti ve l an gu ag e a nd f ai le d t o a dd re ss h ow f re e- fa ll c ou ld b e c om pa ti bl e w it h i ts f ir e- in du ce d p ro gr es si ve c ol la ps e a na ly si s.o f h ea vy s te el c ol um ns a nd b ea ms , h ad t o b e f or ci bl y r em ov ed a nd m or e t ha n 4 00 s tr uc tu ra l s te el c on ne ct io ns h ad t o f ai l p er s ec oT he se f ai lu re s h ad t o o cc ur a he ad o f t he c ol la ps in g s ec ti on – N OT c au se d b y i t – b ec au se a f re e- fa ll in g o bj ec t c an no t e xe rt f or ce o

NIST’s admis s ion of the fact of free-fall, together with Shyam Sunder’s acknowledgment of the s imple meaning of that fact, led toi ni ti at ed , p ro gr es si ve c ol la ps e h yp ot he si s. M or eo ve r, i n w ha t l oo ks l ik e a n a tt em pt t o b ur y t he d is cu ss io n, i ts c ha ng e o f s ta nc e o nc ha ng es i n i ts f in al r ep or t. S ym me tr y T he o ve ra ll b ui ld in g m as s f el l u ni fo rm ly a nd w it h a lm os t p er fe ct s ym me tr y t hr ou gh w ha t s ht on s o f s tr uc tu ra l s te el . T hi s r eq ui re s a p re ci se ly t im ed p at te rn ed r em ov al o f c ri ti ca l c ol um ns – w hi ch o ff ic e f ir es , a g ra du al o rg an ii mp lo si on c ou ld c au se t hi s 4 7- st or y b ui ld in g t o c ol la ps e i n o n i ts el f – a nd l an d m os tl y w it hi n i ts o wn f oo tp ri nt . A ft er a ll , d em ol it ioan d o nl y a f ew c an d o i t wi th ta ll bu il di ng s. Al so, t he d est ru ct io n wa s co mpl et e. T he bu il di ng h ad be en bu il t esp eci all y st ro ng son ee de d a n e xt ra t al l s pa ce . Y et i ts f or ty -s ev en s to ri es w er e r ed uc ed , i n l es s t ha n s ev en s ec on ds , t o a bo ut f ou r s to ri es o f d eb ri s – l id is me mb er me nt o f t he s te el s ke le to n, i nc lu di ng b ot h b ra ce d a nd w el de d m om en t- re si st in g ( be nd re si st an t) f ra me s. D id t he D og E ato ff ic ia ls t ak en a ll t he r el ev an t e vi de nc e i nt o a cc ou nt a nd p ro vi de d a s up er fi ci al ly c oh er en t e xp la na ti on , i t w ou ld a t l ea st m ak e s en s

w ay s t ha t i t h ad n ev er a ct ed b ef or e, 2 ) m od er n s tr uc tu ra l s te el m ig ht h av e a ct ed i n w ay s t ha t i t h ad n ev er a ct ed b ef or e, a nd 3 ) t hadid something they had never done befor e. Yet, officials have not taken all the relevant evidence into account and they have not pH ig h T e mp er a tu r e C o rr o si o n A t ta ck ” a nd M o lt e n I r on /S t ee l : U nd en i ab l e E v id e nc e o f T he r mi t ic I n ce nd i ar i es P r io r t o t h e N I ST i n vA ge nc y, h ad c on du ct ed a p re li mi na ry , c ur so ry , u nd er fu nd ed i nv es ti ga ti on a nd p ro du ce d a B ui ld in g P er f or ma nc e A ss es sm en t R eps am pl es f ro m B ui ld in g 7 t ha t h ad u nd er go ne a “ hi gh t em pe ra tu re c or ro si on a tt ac k” t ha t h ad t ur ne d a h ea vy s te el f la ng e “ in to S wit em pe ra tu re c or ro si on a tt ac k o n t he s te el , i nc lu di ng r ap id o xi da ti on a nd s ul fi da ti on w it h s ub se qu en t i nt er gr an ul ar m el ti ng …. ” F En ot o nl y m el te d b ut s om e o f i t h ad e ve n “ ev ap or at ed ”. “ A l iq ui d e ut ec ti c m ix tu re c on ta in in g p ri ma ri ly i ro n, o xy ge n, a nd s ul fu r f orc le ar e xp la na ti on f or t he s ou rc e o f t he s ul fu r h as b ee n i de nt if ie d. ” T he N ew Y or k T im es c al le d t hi s “ pe rh ap s t he d ee pe st m ys te rya bo ut t hi s m ys te ry d es cr ib ed b y F EM A? T he y d id n ot m en ti on i t. N ei th er j et f ue l n or o ff ic e f ir es c an r ea ch a ny wh er e c lo se t o s te ecr it ical t emp er at ur es had b een l owe re d b y th e pr esen ce of f ree sul fur . S o wha t cou ld h ave ca used t hi s “ hi gh t emp er at ur e cor rosi onan d el em en tal a lu mi nu m w hi ch , w he n i gn it ed , F ree -f al l a cc el er at io n t hr ou gh 4 0, 00 0 t on s o f s tr uct ur al s te el ? W TC 7 : I n f re e- fa ll a ccs tr uc tu r e – f e ll l ik e a h o us e o f c ar ds l l l# gZ e jW a ^X bV \ Vo ^c Z #X d b > h hj Z & + GZejWa^X BV\Vo cZ ' ( r eac ts vi olen tly a t 40 00 -4

producing aluminum oxide and molten iron in a very dangerous , volcaniceruption- like dis play. When free s ulfur is added to the mis ul fu r a dd ed i s c al le d t he rm at e. S tr uc tu ra l s te el i n c on ta ct w it h i gn it ed t he rm at e a ls o m el ts a t a l ow er t em pe ra tu re . C on tr ar y t o w hc om e f ro m g yp su m w al lb oa rd i n w hi ch i t i s a n i ne rt , c he mi ca ll y “ lo ck ed ” i ng re di en t. ( FE MA m et al lu rg is ts w ou ld h av e p ro po se d t h

pos s ibility.) Still, additional evidence of molten iron and/or s teel abounds – for all three high-ris es . Photos and numerous crediblee ng in ee rs ) c on fi rm t he e xi st en ce o f s ev er al t on s o f m ol te n m et al u nd er t he d eb ri s p il e – d es cr ib ed b y s om e f ir e f ig ht er s a s “ fl ow in go ut o f t he m at er ia l h el d i n t he j aw s o f “ cr ab c la w” e xc av at or s. V id eo t ak en o f t he S ou th T ow er sh or tl y b ef or e i t c am e d ow n s ho wsh ol e, b ri gh tl y g lo wi ng o ra ng e- ye ll ow i n d ay li gh t, u nl ik e m ol te n a lu mi nu m w hi ch a pp ea rs s il ve ry u nd er t he se c on di ti on s. I t c ou ld o

NIST, publicly denied the exis tence of molten metal des pite the abundant evidence. Shyam Sunder of NIST later acknowledged itafterthought Ans wers to Frequently As ked Ques tions (FAQ) webpage attributes the s pout’s color to mixing of office contents wi

phys icis t Steven J ones and independently a NASA engineer have been unable to reproduce in two laboratory experiments . Givent he 2 0 m il li on d ol la rs a ll oc at ed t o t he W TC st ud y t o s ho w u s – n ot j us t sp ec ul at e – t ha t t hi s m ir ac ul ou s m ix in g o f l ig ht , f lu ff y o ff ico f i mp ur e a lu mi nu m a pp ea r, i n b ri gh t s un li gh t, l ik e t he o ra ng e m ol ten m et al s ee n i n t he S ou th T ow er v id eo s. H ot S po ts W it h E xt re

NASA thermal imaging of the s urface of the WTC rubble pile to document hot s pots with extreme temperatures of almos t 1,400°F.

produce. And there were no fires on the s urface of the WTC 7 pile following the collaps es . The detected s urface temperatures indi pers is ted for s everal weeks des pite the continuous s praying of millions of gallons of water onto Ground Zero – s o much water thaT he rmi te co nt ain s i ts o wn sou rce o f ox yg en an d bu rn s ju st as we ll u nd er wat er . M olt en I ron Dr opl et s i n t he W TC Du st C hem ica lL ow er M an hat tan af ter t he de st ruc ti on of ea ch of t he T wi n T owe rs r ev ea le d t he pr ese nc e of i ro n- ri ch “m icr osp he res. ” T hes e mi crt he d ust bo th n ea r a nd f ar f ro m G rou nd Z er o, so me of i t c oll ect ed be fo re cl ean up op er at ion s h ad b eg un. T hei r sh ap e i nd ica tes t hatin to sp her ical f or m by s ur fac e t en si on i nt o d ro ple ts w hi ch so li di fie d b ef or e h it ti ng t he gr oun d. T he y ar e d ir ect ev ide nce t hat t empd u r i ng t h e b u i l d i ng s ’ d e s t ru c t i on . T h e s e m i cr o s p he r e s c o ul d n o t h a v e b e e n p r od u c e d b y f r i ct i o n o r a n y o t h er k n o w n p r o c es s d u r ic hr om iu m p re se nt i n s tr uc tu ra l s te el a nd c on ta in m an ga ne se , a n i ng re di en t o f p ot as si um p er ma ng an at e, a c om mo n t he rm it e a dd it i

Nanothermite in the WTC Dus t An even more definitive dis covery aros e during a s cientific examination of the dus t: red-gray chipot her s c onf ir med t ha t th e c he mic al m ak eu p o f t he r ed la yer O" ce ! res d on’ t d o t hi s t o st eel O" ce ! res a re n ot h ot en oug h to cr eat eo" ce ! res can ’t cr eat e mo lte n ir on I mp ossi ble t em per at ure s o n t he su rf ace of Gr ou nd Z er o a w eek af ter th e col lap ses B ill ion s o f p rs am pl es D em ol it io n o f B ui ld in g 7 ' ) G Ze jW a^ X BV\Vo ^ cZ > hh jZ & + H jW hX g^ WZ D ca ^c Z d g 8Vaa & "- ++ ") (, "+ *, % l ll #g Ze

s tr uc tu re , a nd t he rm al b eh av io r, w er e a ll c on si st en t w it h t ho se o f a dv an ce d t he rm it ic e xp lo si ve s. P ar ti cl e s iz es o f l es s t ha n a t en thn an ot he rm it e. T he s ig ni fi ca nc e o f t he e xt re me ly s ma ll p ar ti cl e s iz es i s t ha t t he s ur fa ce a re a i s m uc h g re at er f or a g iv en v ol um e o f ta cc el er at ed . T he t ea m p ub li sh ed i ts f in di ng s i n T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al i n A pr il 2 00 9. M em be rs o f t he t ea m h ad e ar li e

NIST repeatedly refus ed to do s o, even though s uch tes ting is called for by NFPA 921, the National Fire Protection As s ociation gt he U ni te d S ta te s. N IS T d id n ot s ee f it t o e ve n d is cu ss t he i ss ue o f t he rm it e o r e xp lo si ve s i n i ts f or ma l r ep or ts . I n i ts F AQ , r ef er ri n




t h e y e x p la i n e d t h a t “ su c h t e s t s w o ul d n o t n e c e s sa r i l y h a v e b ee n c o n c l u si v e ” b e c au s e “ T h e m e t al c o m p o u n ds a l s o w o u l d h a ve b eW TC t ower s…” T hi s i s t echn ic all y cor rect , and NF PA 9 21 do es em ph asiz e t he nee d t o mak e i nf er en ces c aut io usl y: “P resenc e o f ri nt en ti on al ly s et f ir e. ” ( se ct io n 2 2. 2. 4, 2 00 8 e di ti on ). H ow ev er , N FP A 9 21 d oe s n ot p ro vi de a ny j us ti fi ca ti on f or n ot p er fo rm in g t esa cc el er a nt s ( H TA s) , ” s u ch a s “ m el t ed s t ee l” ( 22 . 4. 1 ) T h e g u id e li n es r e fe r t o t h er m it e s pe ci f ic al l y: “ T he r mi t e m i xt u re s a ls o p r od u cer es id ue s t ha t m ay b e v is ua ll y o r c he mi ca ll y i de nt if ia bl e. ” M or eo ve r, t he t ea m o f s ci en ti st s w ho d id l oo k a t t he d us t f ou nd a n e xo ti cn an ot he rm it e, o r s up er th er mi te . I t d oe sn ’t j us t m el t s te el ; i t e xp lo de s. I t c an b e c he mi ca ll y t un ed t o d o s o w it h l es s n oi se t ha n c on

by overworked government engineers – with s tructural s teel, rus t, primer paint, aluminum cladding, or other “cons truction materiai ro n o xi de, 1 00 0 t im es sm al ler t ha n a h uma n h ai r, “ int im at el y i nt er mi xe d” a nd e mbe dd ed i n a m at ri x o f o rg ani c m at er ia l. W hen i t i s

producing molten iron in s pheroids reminis cent of thos e found in the dus t. C learly the reaction, triggered at only 430° C , releas es

melt in g po int of i ro n ( 153 8° C .) . L oo k W ho’ s Her e Nan oth ermi te coul d no t have b een m ade i n a cave i n Af ghan istan . I t was deve l produced by only a few defens e contractors . Some of thos e s ame contractors contributed pers onnel to the NIST inves tigation of t placed pers onnel, in fact, in pos itions of leaders hip at NIST: Arden B ement, the metallurgis t and expert on fuels and materials whoW . B us h i n O ct ob er 2 00 1, wa s f or me r d ep ut y s ec ret ar y o f d ef en se, f or me r d ir ect or o f D AR PA’ s o ff ic e o f m at er ia ls s ci en ce , a nd f or

both leaders in the production and us e of nanothermites …. And military and aeros pace contractor TR W has had a long collaborate ne rg et ic m at er ia ls t ha t a re c om po ne nt s o f a dv an ce d p ro pe ll an ts , l ik e n an og el le d e xp lo si ve m at er ia ls …. T RW A er on au ti cs a ls o mf or mu lat io ns , a nd w or ke d w it h N AS A t o m ak e e ne rg et ic a er og el s… F or ma n W il li am s, t he l ea d e ng in ee r o n N IS T’ s a dv iso ry co mmP o pu l ar M e ch a ni c s, i s a n e x pe r t o n t h e d ef l ag r at i on o f e ne r ge ti c m at e ri a ls a n d t h e “ i gn i ti o n o f p o ro u s e n er g et i c m a te r ia l s… . N a noW il li am s’ r es ea rc h p ar tn er , S te ph en M ar go li s, h as p re se nt ed a t c on fe re nc es w he re n an o- en er ge ti cs a re t he f oc us …. S om e o f W il liD ie go , l ik e D av id J . B en so n, a re a ls o e xp er ts o n n an o- th er mi te m at er ia ls . ( Ke vi n R ya n, “ Th e T op T en C on ne ct io ns B et we en N IS TS t u di e s , h t t p: / / ww w . jo u r na l o f9 1 1 st u d ie s .c o m /v o l um e / 20 0 8 / R y a n_ N I ST _ a nd _ Na n o -1 . p df ) H o w d i d p e o pl e w i t h s u ch e x p er t i se m ina no the rmi te i n t he d ust ? F or th em t o av oi d ev en d iscu ss in g t he p oss ib il ity i n t he ir 1 1,5 00 pa ge s of “ fi nal ” r epo rt s, a nd t o wa ve i tou tr age t o sci en ce, a t a mi nim um . W hat A bo ut t he Tw in T owe rs ? T he col lap ses of t he W TC T wi n T owe rs r ep resen t t he w or st s trs ug ge st s t ha t t he j et li ne r i mp ac ts a nd r es ul ti ng f ir es w ea ke ne d t he s tr uc tu re , r es ul ti ng i n a g ra vi ta ti on al c ol la ps e. T he e vi de nc e, ma d if fe re nt c on cl us io n – o ne t ha t p oi nt s s qu ar el y t o a u ni qu e t yp e o f c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n. A f ut ur e R ep ub li c M ag az in e a rt ic le w ilt he e xp lo si ve b eh av io r o f t he b ui ld in g: 1 . R ap id o ns et o f d es tr uc ti on H un dr ed s o f R ed /G re y c hi ps o f “ Un ig ni te d t he rm it e” i n e ve ryt im es s ma ll er t ha n a h um an h ai r. T hi s m at er ia l i s n ot m ad e i n a c av e i n A fg ha ni st an S ou th T ow er : A v er y e xp lo si ve e ve nt l ll #g Ze jW+ +" )( ," +* ,% > hh jZ & + GZ ej Wa X B V\Vo ^c Z ' * B ef or e t he S ti mu lu s W ip es Y ou O ut B uy G ol d N ow G ol d • S il ve r • N um is ma tiC on fi de nt ia l D el iv er y ~ ~ N o C om pu te r R eco rd s K ep t ~ ~ • ~ ~ • ~ C al l 8 00 -2 25 -3 12 6 2 92 5 Ne wm ar ket , S ui te 1 07 B el li ng ha m, W A 9 8explos ions and flas hes of light heard and s een by over a hundred firs t res ponders before “collaps e” 3. C ontinuous acceleration ow ha t w as g re at es t r es is ta nc e 4 . M ul ti -t on s te el s ec ti on s e je ct ed l at er al ly 6 00 f ee t a t 5 0 m ph 5 . M id -a ir p ul ve ri za ti on o f 9 0, 00 0 t on sl ik e c lo ud s 7 . 1 ,2 00 f oo t d ia me te r o f i mp ro ba bl y e qu al d eb ri s d is tr ib ut io n 8 . I so la te d e xp lo si ve e je ct io ns 2 0- 60 s to ri es b el ow d em ol io f s te el f ra me 1 0. N o s ta ck o f f lo or s f ou nd a t t he b as e o f e it he r t ow er I f p ow er fu l i ns id er s h ad t he f or ek no wl ed ge a nd t ec hn ol og y tt he s am e i s t ru e f or t he T wi n T ow er s. E ve ry A me ri ca n m us t f ac e h is o wn c on sc ie nc e s qu ar el y w he n c on fr on te d w it h t he g ru es omespecially considering the resulting death of over a million people in the wars that followed, and the loss of many of our precious

a re r ea dy t o t ak e a ct io n h er e a re a f ew i de as : a ) E du ca te y ou rs el f a nd o th er s. S en d t he A E9 11 Tr ut h. or g l in k t o e ve ry a rc hi te ct a ndk no w. b ) S up po rt A E9 11 Tr ut h. or g. S ig n t he p et it io n, v ol un te er , a nd b ec om e a s us ta in in g d on or . c ) W ri te y ou r l oc al n ew s m ed ia a9 /1 1: B lu ep ri nt f or T ru th . d ) D em an d a n ew , i nd ep en de nt i nv es ti ga ti on . U nt il t he t ru th a bo ut 9 /1 1 i s e xp ose d, w e a re a t g ra ve r is kDick C heney, members of C ongress, and the media that it will be f ar wor se than the f irst. Demolition of Building 7 '+ GZejWa^X BHjWhXg^WZ Dca^ cZ dg 8Vaa &"-++")(,"+*,% lll#gZejWa^ XbV\Vo^ cZ#Xdb

5. A ct i ve T he r mi ti c M at er i al D is co ve re d i n D us t f r om t he 9 /1 1 W or l d T r ad e C e nt er C a ta st ro p he , 2 00 9

T he Op en C he mi cal P hy si cs J ou rn al, 2 009 , 2, 7 -3 1 7 18 74 -41 25 /09 2 00 9 B en th am Op en O pe n A cc es s Ac ti ve T her mi ti c M at er ia l D isC at ast rop he N iel s H . Ha rr it *, 1, J ef fr ey F ar re r2 , S tev en E . Jo nes *, 3, Ke vin R . R ya n4, F ra nk M . L egg e5, D an ie l F ar nsw or th2 , Gr eg g1 De pa rt me nt o f C h em is tr y, U ni ve rs it y o f C o pe nh ag en , D en ma rk 2 De pa rt me nt o f P hy si cs a nd A st r on om y, B r ig ha m Y ou ng U ni ve rs iU T, 8 46 06 , U SA 4 9/ 11 W or ki ng G ro up o f B l oo mi ng to n, B lo om in gt on , I N 4 74 01 , U SA 5 Lo gi ca l S ys te ms C o ns ul ti ng , P er th , W es te rB er k el e y, C A 9 4 70 4, U SA 7 In t er n at io n al C e nt e r f or 9 / 11 S tu d ie s, D al l as , T X 7 5 23 1, U SA A bs tr ac t : W e h av e d i sc ov er ed d is t in ct i vd us t p ro du ce d b y t he d es tr uc ti on o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r. E xa mi na ti on o f f ou r o f t he se s am pl es , c ol le ct ed f ro m s ep ar at e s it es ,

m ar ke d s im il ar it ie s i n a ll f ou r s am pl es . O ne s am pl e w as c ol le ct ed b y a M an ha tt an r es id en t a bo ut t en m in ut es a ft er t he c ol la ps e o f ta bo ut a w ee k l at er . T he p ro pe rt ie s o f t he se c hi ps w er e a na ly ze d u si ng o pt ic al m ic ro sc op y, s ca nn in g e le ct ro n m ic ro sc op y ( SE M) ,d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et ry ( DS C) . T he r ed m at er ia l c on ta in s g ra in s a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 00 n m a cr os s w hi ch a re l ar ge ly i ro n o xi de ,S ep ar at io n o f c om po ne nt s u si ng m et hy l e th yl k et on e d em on st ra te d t ha t e le me nt al a lu mi nu m i s p re se nt . T he i ro n o xi de a nd a lu mi nuin a DS C device the chi ps exhibit lar ge but narrow exotherms occurr ing at approximately 430 °C , far below the normal i gnition tems ph er es a re c le ar ly o bs er ve d i n t he r es id ue f ol lo wi ng t he i gn it io n o f t he se p ec ul ia r r ed /g ra y c hi ps . T he r ed p or ti on o f t he se c hi ps ie ne r ge ti c . K ey w or d s: S c an n in g e l ec t ro n m i cr o sc op y , X - ra y e ne r gy d i sp er s iv e s pe ct r os co p y, D i ff e re nt i al s ca n ni n g c al o ri m et r y, D Sr i ch m i cr o sp h er e s, T h er m it e , S u pe r -t h er m i te , E n er g et i c n a no c om p os i te s , N a no - t he r mi t e. I N T RO D UC T I ON T h e d e st r u ct i o n o f t h r ew as a n i mm en se ly t ra gi c c at as tr op he t ha t n ot o nl y i mp ac te d t ho us an ds o f p eo pl e a nd f am il ie s d ir ec tl y, d ue t o i nj ur y a nd l os s o f l ie xp en si ve a nd r ad ic al c ha ng es i n d om es ti c a nd f or ei gn p ol ic y. F or t he se a nd o th er r ea so ns , k no wi ng w ha t r ea ll y h ap pe ne d t ha t f at

been put forth by various government- s pons ored and -funded inves tigations , which led, in large part, to the reports releas ed by Fh av e b ee n l es s w el l * Ad dr es s c or re sp on de nc e t o t he se a ut ho rs ( NH ) D ep ar tm en t o f C he mi st ry , U ni ve rs it y o f C op en ha ge n, C op en h

( +4 5 )3 5 32 04 6 0; E - ma i l: h ar r it @n an o .k u. d k, ( S EJ ) a t S & J S ci e nt i fi c C o ., P r ov o , U T , 8 46 06 , U S A; T e l: 8 0 1- 7 35 - 58 85 ; E - ma il : H ar d ev ithe outs tanding obligation that remains to the victims of that tragedy, to determine the whole truth of the events of that day 3-10]a t te n ti o n o n t h e r e ma i ni n g p h ys i ca l m a te r ia l , a n d o n a v ai l ab l e p h ot o gr a ph s a n d v i de o f o ot a ge , a s s o ur c es o f e v id e nc e s t il l i n p u blt hr e e s k ys cr ap e rs . T h e c ol l ap se s o f t he t hr e e t a ll e st W T C b u il d in g s w er e r e ma r ka bl e f o r t h ei r c om p le t en es s, t h ei r n ea r f r ee - fa l l s pe es ur pr is in gl y l ar ge v ol um e o f f in e t ox ic d us t 1 3] t ha t w as g en er at ed . I n o rd er t o b et te r u nd er st an d t he se f ea tu re s o f t he d es tr uc ti on ,




2 00 7, D r. S te ve n J on es o bs er ve d d is ti nc ti ve b i- la ye re d c hi ps , w it h b ot h a r ed a nd a g ra y l ay er , i n a s am pl e o f t he W TC d us t. I ni ti aa f t e r c lo s e r i n sp e c t io n a n d t e st i n g , i t w as s h o w n t ha t t h i s w as n o t t h e c a se . F u r t h er t e s t i ng w a s t h e n p er f o r m ed o n t h e r e d / gr a y c hC he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 H ar ri t e t a l. si ti on a nd p ro pe rt ie s. T he a ut ho rs a ls o o bt ai ne d a nd e xa mi ne d a dd it io na l si nd ep en de nt o bs er ve rs o n, o r v er y s oo n a ft er , 9 /1 1. A ll o f t he s am pl es e xa mi ne d c on ta in ed t he se v er y s ma ll , p ec ul ia r r ed /g ra y c hid us t i nc lu de r ep or ts b y t he R J L ee C om pa ny 1 4] , t he U .S . G eo lo gi ca l S ur ve y ( US GS ) 1 5] , M cG ee e t a l. 1 3] a nd L io y e t a l. 1 6] S ommi cr osp her es, w hi ch ar e al so p ec uli ar 5 , 8, 11 , 1 3- 15 ] bu t th e r ed/ gr ay ch ip s an aly ze d i n t hi s st udy ha ve a pp ar ent ly no t b ee n d isce m p h as i z i ng t h a t o n e s am p l e w a s co l l e ct e d a b ou t t e n m i n ut e s a f te r t h e c o l la p s e o f t he s e c o nd T o w e r , so i t c a n n ot p o s s i bl y h a v e bM AT ER IA LS A ND M ET HO DS 1 . P ro ve na nc e o f t he S am pl es A na ly ze d f or t hi s R ep or t I n a p ap er p re se nt ed f ir st o nl in e i n a ut umC en te r d es tr uc ti on 6 ], a g en er al r eq ue st w as i ss ue d f or s am pl es o f t he W TC d us t. T he e xp ec ta ti on a t t ha t t im e w as t ha t a c ar ef ul e

t he h yp ot he si s t ha t e xp lo si ve m at er ia ls o th er t ha n j et f ue l c au se d t he e xt ra or di na ri ly r ap id a nd e ss en ti al ly t ot al d es tr uc ti on o f t hehad s aved s amples of the copious , dens e dus t, which s pread and s ettled acros s Manhattan. Several of thes e people s ent portions

paper dis cus s es four s eparate dus t s amples collected on or s hortly after 9/11/2001. Each s ample was found to contain red/gray chic it iz en s w ho l iv ed i n N ew Y or k C it y a t t he t im e o f t he t ra ge dy . T he se c it iz en s c am e f or wa rd a nd p ro vi de d s am pl es f or a na ly si s i n tw ha te ve r f ac ts a bo ut t he d ay m ig ht b e l ea rn ed f ro m t he d us t. A m ap s ho wi ng t he l oc at io ns w he re t he f ou r s am pl es w er e c ol le ct edl oc at io ns o f d us t s am pl es a na ly ze d i n t hi s s tu dy w it h r es pe ct t o t he l oc at io n o f t he W TC c om pl ex ( ma rk ed a re a n ea r l oc at io n 1 ). 1 :D el e ss io / Br e id en b ac h ( B ro o kl y n B r id g e) ; 3 : I n te r mo n t ( 1 6 H ud s on S t ); 4 : W h it e ( 1 H ud s on S t ). ( B as e m ap c o ur t es y o f h t tp : // w whttp://creativecommons .org/licens es / by-s a/2.0/). ????? ???????

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? ?? ? ? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? ! ?? ?? ?? ? " ?? #$ ?? ? ? ?% ?? ?? ?? & ?? ?? ? ?? ? ' $ & "? ?? ?( ?? ) $? ?# $? ? & ?? ?? ?? ?? & $ ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? * ?) $? ?# $? ?? ) ?? ?? ?? ? " ?? ?? (? ? ? ?( ?? ?? ?? + ?? ?? ?? ?? ? " ?( ?? ? ! ? % ?? ?? ?? ? ! ?? ?? ?? ? ? , ?% ?? ? ?? ? ) ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? # ?? # ?? ??

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? ? ?? # ?? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ) $ ? ? ?? ( ? " ? ?? ? ?? ? ? " ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ) ? ?? ? ?? ? ? / ? ?? ? ?? ! ? ?# ? ?? ? / ? ?? ? ? ( - ? ? ? ?? ? ) ? ?$ ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? "? ? ?? ( ??

? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ! ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ) $ ?? ? ?? ?? ! ? ?? # ?? ? ? ! ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ! ? ?$ ? ?? ? ?? " ?' / ? ? ?? ? / ? ? ?? ? ? ? ?? $ ?? ? ) ?

) ? & ? ?? ?? ? ? + ? # ? ?? % ?# ? ?? ? ? ? ?' ? ) ? ?$ ? ?? # ?? / ? ? ?? ? ?? ?/ 0 ? ? ?? ? 1 ? ? ? ?? / ? ?? ? ?? " ? ?? ? ?? ?? " ?' ! ? ?$ ? ?? ? ?? " ?' & ? ?? ?? ? ? 2 ? ?? ? ?

? ?' $? ?? ?? " ?? ?? ?? ? / $ 3 / & ?? ?? / ?? ?? /0 " ?? ?? ?? ?? 3 ?? ?? ?? ? ! ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ! ?? ?? ?? ?? ?4 ? # ??? ? " ??? ?? ?? ?? . ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ? ) ? ?? ?? ? ? ?$ ??? ? / ??? ?? ?? & ? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ) ?? ?? ??? / ? ?? ??? ?? #? ?? ? " ?( ? ? ' . ? & ? ? ?$ ?? ?? ?? " ?? ?? (? ? 6 ?? ?/ 0 ? ?? ?/ 0 ? ?? ?/ 0 . ? " ?( ? ' & ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? #? ?? ?? ? ) ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? #? ?? ?/ ? ? ?? ?? ?/ ? ) ?# ??? ?? ? ! ?? ?? ?? *? " ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ?? & ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? / ?? ?? ? ? & ?? ?? ? ? ?? ? ' $( ?? ? ?? ?? /? ?? & ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? & ?? ?? ? ? ?? ? '

A ct iv e T h er m it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W T C D us t T h e O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol u me 2 9 T h e e ar li es t- co ll ec te d s am plv id eo ta pe d t es ti mo ny 1 7] , w as o n t he M an ha tt an s id e o f t he B ro ok ly n B ri dg e a bo ut t he t im e t he s ec on d t ow er , t he N or th T ow er , fe n ve l op e d b y t h e r e su l ti n g t h ic k d u st w hi c h s e tt l ed t h ro u gh o ut t he ar e a. H e s w ep t a ha n df u l o f t h e d u st f ro m a r ai l on t h e p e de s tr ia ft er t he f al l o f t he N or th T ow er . H e t he n w en t t o v is it h is f ri en d, M r. T om B re id en ba ch , c ar ry in g t he d us t i n h is h an d, a nd t he t w

plas tic bag. On 11/15/2007, B reidenbach s ent a portion of this dus t to Dr. J ones for analys is . B reidenbach has als o recorded his tevi de ot ap e 1 7] . T hu s, t he De les si o/ Br ei den bac h sa mpl e wa s c ol le ct ed a bou t t en m inu te s af te r t he se co nd t ow er co ll aps ed . I t wa s, to r c le an -u p o pe ra ti on s a t G ro un d Z er o, w hi ch b eg an l at er . F ur th er mo re , i t i s n ot m ix ed w it h d us t f ro m W TC 7 , w hi ch f el l h ou rs l at e

New York C ity entered a room in his apartment on the 8th floor of 1 Huds on Street, about five blocks from the WTC . He found a lla un dr y n ear a wi nd ow w hi ch w as op en ab ou t 4 i nche s ( 10 cm ). E vi dent ly t he o pen wi nd ow h ad al low ed a si gn ifi ca nt amo un t o fr oo m a nd c ov er t he l au nd ry . H e s av ed s om e o f t he d us t a nd , o n 2 /0 2/ 20 08 , s en t a s am pl e d ir ec tl y t o D r. J on es f or a na ly si s. A no th eHud son St reet by M r. Jody I nt er mon t at abo ut 2 pm o n 9 /1 2/ 200 1. T wo smal l samp les of t hi s d ust wer e sim ul tan eousl y sent t o Dr .

I nt er mo nt s en t a s ig ne d a ff id av it w it h e ac h s am pl e v er if yi ng t ha t h e h ad p er so na ll y c ol le ct ed t he ( no ws pl it ) s am pl e; h e w ro te : “ ThC en te r T ow er s, w as c ol le ct ed f ro m m y l of t a t t he c or ne r o f R ea de S tr ee t a nd H ud so n S tr ee t o n S ep te mb er 1 2, 2 00 1. I g iv e p er mi ss iS ig ne d 3 1 J an ua ry 2 00 8 i n t he p re sen ce o f a w it ne ss w ho a lso s ig ne d h is n am e] . O n t he m or ni ng o f 9 /1 1/ 20 01 , M s. J an et te M ac Ki nLi be rt y S t. i n New Yor k C ity , acr oss th e st reet f rom t he W TC pl aza . As t he S out h T ower col la psed , th e f lowi ng cl ou d of d ust an da nd d us t f il le d h er a pa rt me nt . S he e sc ap ed b y q ui ck ly w ra pp in g a w et t ow el a ro un d h er h ea d a nd e xi ti ng t he b ui ld in g. T he b ui ld inM acK in lay wa s a ll owed t o r e- ent er he r ap ar tme nt , sh e di d so and b eg an c le ani ng up . T her e was a t hi ck l ay er of du st o n t he f loo r.f or p os si bl e l at er u se i n a n a rt p ie ce . M s. M ac Ki nl ay r es po nd ed t o t he r eq ue st i n t he 2 00 6 p ap er b y D r. J on es b y s en di ng h im a d usC al ifo rni a t o vi si t M s. M ac Ki nl ay at he r n ew lo cat ion , an d i n th e co mp any o f s eve ra l wi tnes ses col lect ed a se con d sam pl e o f t hed us t w as s to re d. S he h as a ls o s en t s am pl es d ir ec tl y t o D r. J ef fr ey F ar re r a nd K ev in R ya n. R es ul ts f ro m t he ir s tu di es f or m p ar t o f tin div id ual f ro m a win dow sil l of a bui ld ing on P ot ter S tr eet i n NYC . He has not gi ven per mi ssio n f or h is name to be di sclosed , thers am pl e, h ow ev er , c on ta in ed r ed /g ra y c hi ps o f t he s am e g en er al c om po si ti on a s t he s am pl es d es cr ib ed h er e. 2 . C hi p S iz e, I so la ti on ,collected and sent to the authors by Ms. Janette MacKinlay will be sample 1; the sample collected by Mr. Frank Delassio, or the Dcol lect ed by M r. Jo dy In ter mo nt wi ll b e sam pl e 3; a nd th e samp le col le cted by M r. St ephe n W hit e wi ll b e sam pl e 4. T he r ed/ gr ay can d se par at io n o f t he ch ips f ro m t he b ul k of t he d us t. A sm all p er man en t ma gne t i n it s o wn p la st ic b ag was use d t o at tr ac t a nd co ls ma ll b ut r ea di ly d is ce rn ib le b y e ye d ue t o t he ir d is ti nc ti ve c ol or . T he y a re o f v ar ia bl e s iz e w it h m aj or d im en si on s o f r ou gh ly 0 .2 t of or e ach l ay er ( red an d g ray ). S amp les o f W TC du st f ro m t he se a nd ot her co ll ec to rs h av e b een sen t di re ct ly f ro m c ol lec tor s t o v arw ho h av e a ls o f ou nd s uc h r ed /g ra y c hi ps i n t he d us t f ro m t he W or ld T ra de C en te r d es tr uc ti on . A n F EI X L3 0- SF EG s ca nn in g e le ctelect ron (S E) im agi ng and back sc att ere d el ect ro n ( BS E) i mag ing . Th e S E im agi ng was used t o l oo k at t he sur fac e t opo gr aphy and




u se d t o d is ti ng ui sh v ar ia ti on s i n a ve ra ge a to mi c n um be r, Z . T he m ic ro sc op e w as a ls o e qu ip pe d w it h a n E DA X X -r ay e ne rg y d is peu se s a s il ic on d et ec to r ( Si Li ) w it h r es ol ut io n b et te r t ha n 1 35 e V. T he s pe ct ru m r es ol ut io n w as s et t o 1 0 e V p er c ha nn el . O pe ra ti ng c

beam energy (unles s otherwise s pecified) and 40-120 s econd acquisition time (livetime). XEDS maps were acquired us ing the s amanalys is in the SEM, dus t s amples were mounted to carbon conductive tabs . The s amples were left unwas hed and uncoated unlest he c ha rac te ri st ics o f th e r ed an d g ray l ay er s, an d t o el imi nat e t he p oss ibi li ty o f s ur fa ce c on tam ina tio n f rom ot her d ust p ar ti cl es , ssa mp le s w er e f ra ct ur ed . T he cl ea n, c ro ss -s ec ti on su rf ac es w er e t he n s tu di ed b y B SE i ma gi ng an d X EDS . 1 0 T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hw er e a ls o t es te d i n a d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et er ( Ne tz sc h D SC 4 04 C) t o m ea su re h ea t f lo w i nt o o r o ut o f t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps .o f 1 0 ° C p er m in ut e u p t o a t em pe rat ur e o f 7 00 ° C. Du ri ng h ea ti ng , t he sa mp le s we re c on ta in ed i n al um in a p an s a nd a ir wa s a ll ow edT he p lo ts w er e gen er at ed by a cqu iri ng da ta p oi nts at a ra te o f 2 0 p oi nt s pe r ° C or 20 0 p oi nt s pe r m in ut e. T he eq ui pmen t w as cal ib

s et t o d is pl ay p os it iv e h ea t f lo w o ut o f t he s am pl e s uc h t ha t e xo th er mi c b eh av io r o f t he s am pl e w ou ld y ie ld a p ea k a nd e nd ot he rme xa mi ne d b y v is ib le -l ig ht m ic ro sc op y ( VL M) t hr ou gh a N ik on E pi ph ot 2 00 s te re om ic ro sc op e, a n O ly mp us B X6 0 s te re om ic ro sc op eR ES UL TS 1 . C ha ra ct er iz at io n o f t he R ed /G ra y C hi ps R ed /g ra y c hi ps w er e f ou nd i n a ll o f t he d us t s am pl es c ol le ct ed . A n a na ly si sc hi ps a nd t o d et er mi ne t he c he mi st ry a nd m at er ia ls t ha t m ak e u p t he c hi ps . F ig . ( 2) d is pl ay s p ho to mi cr og ra ph s o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps fm ar ke r i n e ac h i ma ge a s t he y w er e a cq ui re d a t d if fe re nt m ag ni fi ca ti on s. A t a pp ro xi ma te ly 2 .5 m m i n l en gt h, t he c hi p i n F ig . ( 2a ) wwas approximately 0.7 mg. All of the chips used in the study had a gray layer and a red layer and were attracted by a magnet. Thew hi ch r ev ea ls t he g ra y l ay er . T he g ra y l ay er i s a ls o p ar ti al ly v is ib le i n F ig . ( 2b ). S im il ar it ie s b et we en t he s am pl es a re a lr ea dy e vi decom par ison o f v ie ws o f t he sam e set of chi ps u sin g di ff er ent m et ho ds. F ig. ( 3a ) i s a VL M p ho to mi cr og raph o f a gr oup o f pa rt icl es,a dh er in g g ra y m at er ia l. F ig . ( 3b , c ) a re , r es pe ct iv el y, a s ec on da ry e le ct ro n ( SE ) i ma ge a nd a b ac ks ca tt er ed e le ct ro n ( BS E) i ma ge o fmi cr osc op e ( SE M) wi tho ut a c on du ct iv e co at ing ov er t he sam pl e. I t can be s een i n t he S E i ma ge t hat t he r ed l ay er o f t he pa rt icl eso f c ha rg e u nd er t he e le ct ro n b ea m, o wi ng t o t he r el at iv el y p oo r c on du ct iv it y o f t he r ed l ay er ( se e D is cu ss io n s ec ti on ). T he B SE i m( 2) . P ho to mi cr og ra ph s o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps f ro m s am pl es 1 -4 o f t he W TC d us t i nv ol ve d i n t hi s s tu dy , s ho wn i n ( a) -( d) r es pe ct iv el y.gr ay l ay er . T he r ed/ gr ay c hi ps ar e mo unt ed o n an al um in um p ede sta l, u si ng a car bon co nd uct ive ta b, f or vi ewi ng in t he sca nn in g eF ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 1 1 i nd ic at in g t ha t t he r ed l ay er i s c om po se d o f m at er ia lg ra y l ay er . A h ig he r- ma gn if ic at io n B SE i ma ge o f t he c or ne r o f o ne o f t he c hi ps , s ho wn i n F ig . ( 4) , a ll ow s f or c lo se r e xa mi na ti on oc on fi rm s t he h ig he r a ve ra ge a to mi c n um be r o f t he g ra y l ay er . T he r ed m at er ia l a ls o s ho ws s pe ck s a nd o th er h et er og en ei ti es , i n m ac ro ss s ec ti on s o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps f ro m t he f ou r d if fe re nt d us t s am pl es a re s ho wn b y B SE i ma gi ng i n F ig . ( 5) . T he se f ou r c ro ss s ec tif ro m t he d us t s am pl es . T he B SE i ma ge s i ll us tr at e t he f in di ng t ha t a ll o f t he r ed l ay er s s tu di ed c on ta in ed s ma ll b ri gh t p ar ti cl es o r g rs i z e a n d p r es e n ce o f t h e p a r t i c l es w a s f o u n d t o b e c o n si s t e nt t h r o u g h ou t t h e l a y e r s, b u t t h e c o n c e nt r a t i on o f t h e p a r t i c l es w a s f o u( 3) . A s er ie s o f i ma ge s o f t he s am e g ro up o f p ar ti cl es e xt ra ct ed b y m ag ne t f ro m s am pl e 2 . T he c ol or p ho to mi cr og ra ph i n ( a) , o bt ai nAn SE i mag e ( b) acqu ir ed by S EM giv es a bet ter in di cat ion o f size and sh ape of t he par ti cl es, and a B SE i mag e ( c) sh ows, by g ray

between the red layer, gray layer and other dus t particles. Fig. (4). Higher magnification B SE image of one of the chips in previousg r ay l a ye r . ? ? ?? ? ?? ?

?? ???? ? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ? ?! ? " ?? ? ?????? ? ? ??# 1 2 T he Op en C hemi cal Physi cs Jour nal, 200 9, Vo lum e 2 Har rit et al. X-r

both the red and gray layers from cros s s ections prepared from the four dus t s amples were performed and repres entative s pectra ari nd ic at e t ha t t he g ra y l ay er s a re c on si st en tl y c ha ra ct er iz ed b y h ig h i ro n a nd o xy ge n c on te nt i nc lu di ng a s ma ll er a mo un t o f c ar bo n.q ui te c on si st en t ( Fi g. 7 ), e ac h s ho wi ng t he p re se nc e o f a lu mi nu m ( Al ), s il ic on ( Si ), i ro n ( Fe ) a nd o xy ge n ( O) , a nd a s ig ni fi ca nt c ar bi ma gi ng o f t he r ed l ay er i ll us tr at es t he s im il ar it y b et we en t he d if fe re nt d us t s am pl es . B SE i ma ge s o f s ma ll b ut r ep re se nt at iv e p or ti oT he r esu lt s i ndi ca te t ha t t he sm al l p ar ti cl es w it h ve ry h igh B SE i nt en si ty ( br ig ht ness ) a re co ns ist en tl y 10 0 n m i n si ze an d h av e a fi nt er mi xe d w it h p la te -l ik e p ar ti cl es t ha t h av e i nt er me di at e B SE i nt en si ty a nd a re a pp ro xi ma te ly 4 0 n m t hi ck a nd u p t o a bo ut 1 m ic roF ig . ( 8a ) t o t he S E i ma ge i n F ig . ( 9) , i t c an b e s een t hat a ll o f t he p ar ti cl es a re e mb ed de d i n an u ns tr uc tu re d m at ri x w hi ch g iv es a d aof the r ed l ayer wer e acquir ed at a beam ener gy of 10 kV. T he acquisit ion area of the maps is shown by the B SE i mage i n Fig. ( 10a) .( 10 b- f) , i nd ic at e by co lor , t he d eg ree to whi ch t he par ti cu la r el em en t i s p resen t a t or ne ar t he sur face f ro m po in t t o p oi nt acr oss t hev er y b ri gh t B SE i nt en si ty a re a ss oc ia te d w it h t he r eg io ns o f h ig h F e a nd O . T he p la te -l ik e p ar ti cl es w it h i nt er me di at e B SE i nt en si tS i. T he O m ap ( d) a ls o i nd ic at es o xy ge n p re se nt , t o a l es se r d eg re e, i n t he l oc at io n o f t he A l a nd S i. H ow ev er , i t i s i nc on cl us iv e f ro

both. The carbon map appears les s definitive, that is , it does not appear to be as s ociated with a particular particle or group of parti

m or e f ro m t he se f in di ng s, a f oc us ed e le ct ro n b ea m w as p la ce d d ir ec tl y o nt o t he d if fe re nt p ar ti cl es , a nd t he X ED S d at a w er e c ol le ct particles , the s pectrum in Fig. (11a) was generated. The s pectrum in Fig. (11b) was acquired Fig. (5). B SE images of cros s s ectionsr es pe ct iv el y. T he c ro ss s ec ti on s f ro m s am pl e 2 ( b) a nd 4 ( d) a ls o s ho w t he a dh er in g g ra y l ay er . 7 ?8 7 %8 7 #8 7 ?8

? ? ? ? # # 3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3 6 ? ? 4 ? ? ! ? ' ? 9 ? ? ? 5 " ? ? : ;

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? ?? ?? A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 1 3 F ig . ( 6) . X ED S s pe cWTC dust samples, with (a) corresponding to sample 1, and so on (b-d). ? ? ? 6 : 9 < = > ; ??? ) - ? ? ? 7?8 ? 7#8 ? ? - ) ? ? 7%8 ? - )Volume 2 Harr it et al . Fi g. (7) . XEDS spectr a obtained f rom t he red layers f rom each of the fou r W TC dust samples, with ( a) cor res? ? ) - ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? + )? ) - ? ?? ? ? ? 7?8 7#8 7%8 7?8 ? ? ? 6 : 9 < = > ; ??? Active Thermitic Material Found in WTC Dust The OpeSE im age of t he cr oss sect io n show n i n Fi g. ( 8a) . fr om a cl ust er of th e sm al ler br ig ht f acet ed gr ai ns. Ag ai n i t was ob ser ved t hat t he

bright faceted grains are rich in Fe. B oth s pectra dis play s ignificant carbon and oxygen, which may be partially due to the beam s pt he m at ri x m at er ia l a s w el l a s p ar ti cl es b el ow t he s ur fa ce . T he b ea m e ne rg y ( 20 k eV ) i s s uc h t ha t t he v ol um e o f m at er ia l f ro m w hi cHence, so me Al and Si are seen in Fi g. (11 b) which may not be i nher ent in the facet ed g rai ns, and some Fe i s seen i n F ig. (1 1a) , whc o ns i st e nt l y r h om b ic - sh a pe d , f a ce t ed a p pe a ra n ce of t h e i r on - ri c h g r ai n s s t ro n gl y s u gg e st s t h at t he y a r e c r ys t al l in e . F r om th e se daW TC d us t s am pl es a re e xt re me ly s im il ar i n t he ir c he mi ca l a nd s tr uc tu ra l m ak eu p. I t i s a ls o s ho wn t ha t w it hi n t he r ed l ay er t he re i s a




particles and that thes e particles are embedded in a carbon-rich matrix. 2. Tes t Us ing Methyl Ethyl Ketone Solvent B y employingm at er ia l, t he c he mi ca l c om po si ti on s o f t he d if fe re nt p ar ti cl es i n t he r ed l ay er w er e m or e a cc ur at el y F ig . ( 8) . B SE i ma ge s o f c ro ss sesh own i n ( a) -( d) r es pe ct iv el y. ? ## 3 ?4 ??? !?' ? ? ? ? ?? 3 6 ? 9 ?? ?? 5 ? ?? ??> ? ? ? ? & ? 54 ? ?? ? 1 6 T he Op en C he mi ca l P hys ics J our na l, 2i mag e ( a) a nd X ED S m aps ( b- f) o f t he r ed -l ay er c ro ss se ct io n o f a r ed /g ra y ch ip f ro m d us t sa mp le 1 . T he e lem en ts d is pl ay ed ar e: ( b)s ho wi ng t he e le me nt al c om po si ti on s o f a g ro up in g o f t hi n p la te le ts ( a) a nd o f a g ro up in g o f w hi ti sh p ar ti cl es ( b) , a s s ee n i n t he h ig: 9 < = > ; ??? ? ? + ? ?? ?? ? - ) 7%8 + ? ? ? ?? ?? ? - ) 7?8 Active Thermitic Material Found in WTC Dust The Open Chemical Physiobjective was to compare the behavior of the red layer with paint when soaked in a strong organic solvent known to soften and dike ton e ( ME K) f or 5 5 h our s w ith f req ue nt ag it at ion an d su bseq ue nt ly d ri ed i n ai r ov er se ve ral da ys . T he ch ips s ho we d si gni fi ca ntd is so lu ti on . I n m ar ke d c on tr as t, p ai nt c hi ps s of te ne d a nd p ar tl y d is so lv ed w he n s im il ar ly s oa ke d i n M E K. I t w as d is co ve re d i n t hi

a lu mi nu m h ad o cc ur re d i n t he r ed -c hi p m at er ia l. T hi s a ll ow ed u s t o a ss es s w he th er s om e o f t he a lu mi nu m w as i n e le me nt al f or m.f ro m d us t s am pl e 2 a nd i s s ho wn i n t he i ma ge s b el ow . F ig . ( 12 a) s ho ws a n S E i ma ge o f t he c hi p p ri or t o t he M EK t re at me nt . I t i s players nearly parallel to the plane of the image. Fig. (12b) shows a B SE image of the chip after the MEK soak. Note that the chip fri ma ge t he r ed l ay er a nd g ra y l ay er a re s id e b y s id e s o t ha t t he i nt er fa ce b et we en t he l ay er s i s e dg e- on ( pe rp en di cu la r t o t he p la ne ol ay er o f t he c hi p w as f ou nd , b y v is ua l i ns pe ct io n, t o h av e s we ll ed o ut f ro m t he g ra y l ay er b y a f ac to r o f r ou gh ly 5 t im es i ts o ri gi na lshows the chi p af ter th e M EK soak. T he red l ayer can be seen e xten di ng out f ro m t he gr ay l ayer . Fi g. ( 13) . Pho to micr og rap h o f th eX ED S s pe ct ru m w as a cq ui re d f ro m a n a re a o f t he r ed -l ay er s ur fa ce . T he r es ul ti ng s pe ct ru m, s ho wn i n F ig . ( 14 ), p ro du ce d t he e xp ec al ci um , s ul fu r, z in c, c hr om iu m a nd p ot as si um . T he o cc ur re nc e o f t he se e le me nt s c ou ld b e a tt ri bu te d t o s ur fa ce c on ta mi na ti on d uc ol le ct ed s ur fa ce o f t he r ed l ay er . T he l ar ge C a a nd S p ea ks m ay b e d ue t o c on ta mi na ti on w it h g yp su m f ro m t he p ul ve ri ze d w al lb oared side before soaking in MEK. Notice the presence of Zn and C r, which are sometimes seen in the red layers. The large C a and Swallboard mat er ial. XEDS maps wer e acquired from the swollen r ed material at a beam energy of 10 kV, in order to determine t he loT he d at a s ho wn i n F ig . ( 15 ) i ll us tr at e r eg io ns w he re i ro n, a lu mi nu m a nd s il ic on a re c on ce nt ra te d. F ur th er mo re , t he d at a i nd ic at e t hc on ce nt ra te d. O n t he o th er h an d, t he re a ls o e xi st r eg io ns w he re t he a lu mi nu m i s c on ce nt ra te d b ut w he re t he F ig . ( 12 ). S E i ma ge s ok et on e f or 5 5 h ou rs, ( a) p ri or t o a nd ( b) a ft er M EK s oa ki ng . ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ?

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?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? 1 8 T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs Jo ur na l, 2 00 9, Vo lu me 2 H ar ri t e t a l. o xy ge n m ay n ot a cc om pa ny i t c omo bs er va ti on s, X ED S s pe ct ra ( su bs eq ue nt p lo ts ) w er e a cq ui re d f ro m s pe ci fi c r eg io ns o f h ig h S i, A l a nd F e c on ce nt ra ti on s. F oc us inF ig . ( 15 e) , w e f in d s il ic on a nd o xy ge n a nd v er y l it tl e e ls e ( Fi g. 1 6) . E vi de nt ly t he s ol ve nt h as d is ru pt ed t he m at ri x h ol di ng t he v ar iothe com ponen ts. T his is a sig nif icant resu lt f or i t m eans t hat t he al um inu m an d si li con are not b ound chem ical ly . T he next XE DS s

a h ig h c on ce nt ra ti on o f a lu mi nu m. U si ng a c on ve nt io na l q ua nt if ic at io n r ou ti ne , i t w as f ou nd t ha t t he a lu mi nu m s ig ni fi ca nt ly e xc eewhi le some of the aluminum may be oxidized, t her e i s insuff icient oxygen pr esent to account f or all of the aluminum; some of the alm at er ia l. T hi s i s a n i mp or ta nt r es ul t. A lu mi nu m p ar ti cl es a re c ov er ed w it h a l ay er o f a lu mi nu m o xi de i rr es pe ct iv e o f s iz e, t hu s i t i sal um in um , g iv en t he v er y h ig h su rf ace a re a t o v ol um e r at io o f t he se v er y f in e p ar ti cl es . F ig . ( 15 ). ( a) B SE i ma ge an d ( b) -( f) ac co mpwas soaked in methyl ethyl ketone for 55 hours. The maps for (b) Fe, (c) Al, (d) O, (e) Si, and (f) C are shown. Active Thermitic MJ ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 1 9 F ig . ( 16 ). X ED S s pe ct ru m f ro m a s il ic on -r ic h r eg io n o n t he p or ou s r ed m at ri x o f t he M EK -t re at ed r ed m at

probe of the region of high aluminum concentration on the MEK-s oaked red chip. Next a region of particularly high iron concentrFig. (18) . F ig. ( 18). XEDS spectr um obt ai ned fr om a pr obe of the r egi on of high iron concen trati on on t he ME K-soaked red chi p, acfo und i n h ig h co ncen tr at ion wi th t he ir on in t he red ma ter ia l even af ter so aki ng in M EK sol ven t ( Fig . 1 5) , and in F ig . ( 18) an abu nq ua nt if ic at io n o f t he X ED S s pe ct ra , a nd a ft er a cc ou nt in g f or o xy ge n f ra ct io ns t o t ra ce e le me nt s, i t i s f ou nd t ha t t he F e: O r at io f or t hin di cates th at t he i ron i s ox id ized an d a ppar en tl y in ox id ati on st ate I II , in di cat ing t hat F e2O 3, or p er haps an ir on ( III ) o xo- br idge dt es t s w e re p e rf o rm e d w it h t h e k n ow n c he m ic al , i r on ( I II ) o x id e , a nd t h e e le m en t al q ua n ti f ic a ti o n w as f o un d t o y i el d c on si s te nt a n dm ad e e ig ht 5 0- s ec on d m ea su re me nt s o n F e2 O3 s am pl es a nd f ou nd c on si st en cy f or i ro n ( ± 6 .2 %, 1 s ig ma ) a nd f or o xy ge n ( ± 3 .4 %,

e xp ec te d. T he e xi st en ce o f e le me nt al a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de l ea ds t o t he o bv io us h yp ot he si s t ha t t he m at er ia l m ay c on ta in t he rmf ou nd i n t he W TC d ust i s t he rm it ic , f ur th er t es ti ng w ou ld b e r eq ui re d. F or e xa mp le , h ow d oe s t he m at er ia l b eh av e w he n h ea te d i nvig oro usly it may be ar gu ed t hat alt hough i ngr edien ts of t her mit e ar e pr esent , t he m ater ial may not r eally be ther mi ti c. 3. T her malR ed /g ra y c hi ps w er e s ub je ct ed t o h ea ti ng u si ng a d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et er ( DS C) . T he d at a s ho wn i n F ig . ( 19 ) d em on st ra ti gn it ed i n t he r an ge 4 15 -4 35 ° C. T he e ne rg y r el ea se f or e ac h e xo th er m c an b e e st im at ed b y i nt eg ra ti ng w it h r es pe ct t o t im e u nd er t

peaks , the yields are es timated to be approximately 1.5, 3, 6 and 7.5 kJ /g res pectively. Variations in peak height as well as yield esd et er mi ne t he s ca le o f t he s ig na l, s ho wn i n t he D SC t ra ce s, i nc lu de d t he m as s o f t he g ra y l ay er . T he g ra y l ay er w as f ou nd t o c on sic on tr ib ut e t o t he e xo th er m, a nd y et t hi s l ay er v ar ie s g re at ly i n m as s f ro m c hi p t o c hi p. 4 . O bs er va ti on o f I ro n- Ri ch S ph er e F or ma ti oC a lo r im e te r I n t h e p o st - DS C r e si d ue , c h ar r ed - po r ou s m a te r ia l a n d n u me r ou s m i cr o sp h er e s a n d s p he r oi d s w e re o b se r ve d . M a ny oi ro n- ri ch , w hi ch a pp ea r s hi ny a nd s il ve ry i n t he o pt ic al m ic ro sc op e, a nd s om e w er e s il ic on -r ic h, w hi ch a pp ea r t ra ns pa re nt o r t ra nst ak en u si ng a N ik on m ic ro sc op e ( Fi g. 2 0) . T he a bu nd an t i ro n- ri ch s ph er es a re o f p ar ti cu la r i nt er es t i n t hi s s tu dy ; n on e w er e o bs erS ph er es r ic h i n i ro n a lr ea dy d em on st ra te t he o cc ur re nc e o f v er y h ig h t em pe ra tu re s, w el l a bo ve t he 7 00 ° C t em pe ra tu re r ea ch ed i n t

o xi de 5 ]. S uc h h ig h t em pe ra tu re s i nd ic at e t ha t a c he mi ca l r ea ct io n o cc ur re d. U si ng b ac k- sc at te re d e le ct ro n ( BS E) i ma gi ng , s ph er es be rich in iron. An example is s hown in Fig. (21) along with the corresponding XEDS s pectrum for this s phere. - ) ? ?0 ? ? ? ? ? ? 6 :

? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ?? ?? ? ? ?? 20 The Open Chemical Physics Jour nal, 2009, Volume 2 Harrit et al. Fig. (19). Diff erential Scannif ou nd i n W or ld T ra de C en te r d us t c ol le ct io ns . F ig . ( 20 ). P ho to mi cr og ra ph s o f r es id ue s f ro m r ed /g ra y c hi ps i gn it ed i n t he D SC . N o




spheres. Each blue scale-marker represents 50 microns. ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ? ?? ? ??? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ???????? ??

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? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ou se d t o e st im at e t he e le me nt al c on te nt s. I n t he c as e o f t hi s i ro n- ri ch s ph er oi d, t he i ro n c on te nt e xc ee ds t he o xy ge n c on te nt b y a ppmu st b e p res en t. T hi s r esu lt wa s r ep ea ted i n o th er i ro n- ri ch sp he ro ids i n t he po st -DS C sa mpl e as w el l as i n sp ots i n t he r esi due ww it h F e: O r at io s u p t o a pp ro xi ma te ly 4 :1 . O th er i ro n- ri ch s ph er es w er e f ou nd i n t he p os t- DS C r es id ue w hi ch c on ta in ed i ro n a lo ngt he rm it ic r ea ct io ns f ro m t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps h av e i nd ee d o cc ur re d i n t he D SC ( ri si ng t em pe ra tu re m et ho d o f i gn it io n) i s c on fi rm ed

react ion s occur ri ng at app rox imat ely 430 °C , 2) ir on- ri ch sph ere f or mat ion so th at t he p rod uct must have been suf fi cient ly hot to bes ph er oi ds a nd n on sp he ro id al r es id ue s i n w hi ch t he i ro n c on te nt e xc ee ds t he o xy ge n c on te nt . S ig ni fi ca nt e le me nt al i ro n i s n ow p rer ea ct io n o f a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de . T he e vi de nc e f or a ct iv e, h ig hl y e ne rg et ic t he rm it ic m at er ia l i n t he W TC d us t i s c om pe ll in g. 5 .n ot a ll ow f or v is ua l i ns pe ct io n o f t he e ne rg et ic r ea ct io n. T he re fo re t es ts w er e a ls o p er fo rm ed w it h a s ma ll o xy ac et yl en e f la me a pp lg ra ph it e b lo ck ( Fi g. 2 2) F ig . ( 21 ). S ph er oi d f ou nd i n p os t- DS C r es id ue s ho wi ng i ro n- ri ch s ph er e a nd t he c or re sp on di ng X ED S s pehere sin ce this sampl e was flashed wi th a thin carbon layer in order to preclu de chargi ng un der t he electr on beam. 22 T he Open C heh el d w it h t we ez er s i n t he f la me . S ev er al p ai nt s am pl es w er e a ls o t es te d a nd i n e ac h c as e, t he p ai nt s am pl e w as i mm ed ia te ly r ed uc eh ow ev er , w it h a ny o f t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps f ro m t he W or ld T ra de C en te r d us t. T he f ir st W TC r ed /g ra y c hi p s o t es te d w as a pp ro xi ma th ig h- sp ee d e je ct io n o f a ho t p ar ti cl e w as o bs er ve d u nd er th e h an d o f t he pe rs on h ol di ng t he to rc h ( Fi g. 22 ). Th e i nt en se li gh t a ndt em pe ra tu re . I n t hi s c as e, t he a tt em pt t o r ec ov er t he d im in ut iv e e nd pr od uc t o f t he r ea ct io n w as u ns uc ce ss fu l. A s ho rt v id eo c li p o fh t tp : // j ou r na l of 9 11 s tu d ie s. c om / vo l um e /2 0 08 / ox y _r e dc h ip _ sl o w. m ov I n a l a te r f l am e- i gn i ti o n t es t , t h e e nd p r od u ct w as r e co v er e dF ig . ( 23 ). O nc e a ga in , t he f or ma ti on o f i ro n- ri ch s em is ph er ic al s ha pe s s ho ws t ha t t he r es id ue h ad b ee n m el te d, e na bl in g s ur fa ce t eHo wev er , t he ev id en ce o bt ai ned i n t he DS C an al yse s is m or e c om pe ll in g t ha t a t he rmi ti c re act io n act ual ly o ccu rs as in th at cas e i

m or e t ha n 4 30 ° C. D IS CU SS IO N A ll o f t he d us t s am pl es t ha t w er e i ns pe ct ed w er e f ou nd t o c on ta in r ed /g ra y c hi ps . T he c hi ps a re ci de nt if ie s c ar bo n, o xy ge n, a lu mi nu m, s il ic on , a nd i ro n, a nd a g ray l ay er i n w hi ch m ai nl y i ro n a nd o xy ge n a re f ou nd . T he r at io s o f t hc hi p ( le ft ), f ol lo we d a f ew s ec on ds l at er b y e je ct io n o f m at er ia l, p ro du ci ng a h or iz on ta l o ra ng e s tr ea k r un ni ng t ow ar d t he o pe ra to r’ ste st) . F ig. ( 23) . S ilv er y- gra y sph er oi ds ( lef t) ar e seen af ter th e ig ni tio n te st of r ed/ gra y chi p f rom sa mp le 1 ; som e of th e p or ous r edS EM i ma ge ( ri gh t) . ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ?? ? ? A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ial F ou nd i n W TC D ust T he O pea pp ea r t o b e s im il ar e sp ec ia ll y w he n t hi s a na ly si s i s p er fo rm ed o n a c le an c ro ss -s ec ti on o f t he l ay er s. T he B SE i ma gi ng a ls o s ho wa nd m or ph ol og y o f t he p ar ti cl es t ha t a re c on ta in ed i n t he b ul k o f t he l ay er s. T he r es ul ts c le ar ly s ho w t he s im il ar it ie s o f t he r ed /g raThere are a number of ques tions raised by our results. 1. How Much of the Energetic R ed Material Survived During the WTC DesM ac Ki nl ay t he f ra ct io n o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps w as r ou gh ly e st im at ed . F if te en s ma ll c hi ps h av in g a t ot al m as s o f 1 .7 4 m g w er e e xt ra ct edi de nt if ia bl e g la ss a nd c on cr et e f ra gm en ts h ad b ee n r em ov ed b y h an d. T hu s t he f ra ct io n o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps w as a pp ro xi ma te ly 0 .1s ho we d 6 9 s ma ll r ed /g ra y c hi ps i n a 4 .9 g s am pl e o f s ep ar at ed d us t. F ur th er s am pl es a re b ei ng a na ly ze d t o r ef in e t hi s e st im at e. T hd u s t w ho s e t o ta l m a s s i s d i f f ic u l t t o as c e r ta i n ; b ut c l e a r ly t h e t o ta l m a s s o f r e d / gr a y c h ip s i n t h e W T C d u s t m us t b e s u bs t a n ti a l g i

R ed M at er ia l T he rm it ic i n N at ur e? O ur o bs er va ti on s s ho w t ha t t he r ed m at er ia l c on ta in s s ub st an ti al a mo un ts o f a lu mi nu m, i ro n a nsoaked i n M EK, we observ ed a cl ear mig rat ion and ag greg ati on of t he al umi num away f rom ot her elemen ts and det er mi ned t hat ele product collected after DSC ignition, we found s pheres which were not initially pres ent. Many of thes e s pheres were iron rich andF ur th er , t he D SC t ra ce s d em on st ra te t ha t t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps r ea ct v ig or ou sl y a t a t em pe ra tu re b el ow t he m el ti ng p oi nt o f a lu mi nu m( UF G) a lu mi nu m i n a ir 1 8] . T he se o bs er va ti on s r em in de d u s o f n an o- th er mi te f ab ri ca te d a t t he L aw re nc e L iv er mo re N at io na l L ab om at er ia l a s a n i nt im at e m ix tu re o f U FG a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de i n n an o- th er mi te c om po si te s t o f or m p yr ot ec hn ic s o r e xp lo si ve s 1 9ox id e, as i n t hi s ty pi ca l r eac ti on wi th i ro n o xi de : 2 Al + Fe 2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe ( molt en iron), H = 8 53. 5 k J/ mo le . C om mer ci al ly a va i

but when the ingredients are ultra-fine grain (UFG) and are intimately mixed, this “nano-thermite” reacts very rapidly, even explos i2 2] . W e w ou ld l ik e t o m ak e d et ai le d c om pa ri so ns o f t he r ed c hi ps w it h k no wn s up er -t he rm it e c om po si te s, a lo ng w it h c om pa ri so nsfor ms of thi s high- tech t herm ite, and th is compar ison must wait for a f utur e study. Meanwhi le, we co mpare wi th p roduct s of commthermite, we have obs erved that many s pheres and s pheroids are formed as part of the molten product of the reaction is vigorous lt o s ur fac e t en si on an d, b ei ng sm al l, ar e r ap id ly c ool ed a nd s ol id if y as t hey f al l t hr ou gh t he ai r, t hu s t he ir sp her ic al sh ape i s pr ese rr ed /g ra y c hi p i gn it io n a nd c om me rc ia l t he rm it e i gn it io n, w e j ux ta po se t he r es pe ct iv e i ma ge s a nd X ED S s pe ct ra . W e o bs er ve t ha t t2 6) p os se ss a s tr ik in gl y s im il ar c he mi ca l s ig na tu re t o a t yp ic al X ED S s pe ct ru m f ro m a s ph er oi d g en er at ed b y c om me rc ia l t he rm it er ed c hi ps a re i nd ee d a f or m o f t he rm it e. I ma ge s o f s ph er oi ds X ED S s pe ct ra o f s ph er oi ds F ig . ( 24 ). S ph er es f or me d d ur in g i gn it io n osp ec tr um . ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ??? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? 2 4 T he Op en C he mi ca l P hy si cs Jo ur nal , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 H ar ri t e t a l. F iD SC , w it h c or re sp on di ng t yp ic al X ED S s pe ct ru m ( al th ou gh s ph er es w it h p re do mi na te ly i ro n a nd s om e o xy ge n a re a ls o s ee n i n t hesu bj ec te d t o f la me t est ; XE DS sp ec tr um o f l ef t- mo st m ic ro sp he re . F ig . ( 27 ). S ph er es e xt rac te d f ro m W TC d ust . F ig . ( 28 ). X ED S s pe? ? ? ? 6 : 9 < = > ; ? ? 3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

?? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ????? ? ? ??? ?? ?????? ? ????! "?#????? $?? %$ #!? ?????? ????? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?

?

? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? Act ive T hermi tic M ater ial F ound i n W TC Dust T he Open C hemi cal Physi cs Jour nal, 2009, Vol ume 2

h a v e b e en f o u n d b y o u r g r ou p i n t h e W T C d u s t . T he s e c o nt a i n t h e s am e e l e m en t s a s t h e r e si d u e o f t h e rm i t e , a s n ot e d i n a p r e v i o( Fi g. 2 7) a nd a r ep re se nt at iv e X ED S s pe ct ru m f ro m s uc h a s ph er e ( Fi g. 2 8) ; w e i nv it e t he r ea de r t o c om pa re t he se r es ul ts w it h t ho si gn it io n o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps ( ab ov e) . 3 . C ou ld t he R ed M at er ia l B e U nr ea ct ed “ Su pe r- T he rm it e” ? W e h av e n ot ed t ha t o rd in ar y t he rt he i ng re di en ts a re u lt ra fi ne - g ra in a nd a re i nt im at el y m ix ed , t he m ix tu re r ea ct s v er y r ap id ly , e ve n e xp lo si vel y 2 0] . T hu s, t he re i s a hn an oc om po si te o r “ su pe r- th er mi te ,” c om po se d o f a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de w it h a t l ea st o ne c om po ne nt b ei ng a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 00 n




“ Re ac ti on r at es b et we en n an os iz e a lu mi nu m a nd m et al o xi de s c an b e s ig ni fi ca nt ly g re at er t ha n t ho se o bs er ve d w it h t ra di ti on al m icm et al a nd m et al o xi de p ow de rs a re a cc om pa ni ed b y t he g en er at io n o f h ig h t em pe ra tu re s ( >3 00 0 K ). S up er -t he rm it es , f or me d b y m ixe ne rg y r el ea se r at e b y t wo o rd er s o f m ag ni tu de h ig he r t ha n s im il ar m ix tu re s c on si st in g o f m ic ro n s iz e r ea ct an ts ” 2 2] . T he r ed l ay ec on ta in s a lu mi nu m, i r on a nd o xy ge n c om po ne nt s w hi ch a re i nt im at el y m ix ed a t a s ca le o f a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 00 n an om et er s ( nm ) o r l eso bt ai ne d f or a W TC r ed /g ra y c hi p w it h a D SC t ra ce o bt ai ne d f or k no wn s up er -t he rm it e ( se e F ig . ( 29 )) . O rd in ar y t he rm it e i gn it es a tg iv es a s ig ni fi ca nt ly b ro ad er t ra ce t ha n s up er -t he rm it e 2 1] . A ll t he se d at a s ug ge st t ha t t he t he rm it ic m at er ia l f ou nd i n t he W TC d ust he rm it e. W e m ak e n o a tt em pt t o s pe ci fy t he p ar ti cu la r f or m o f n an o- th er mi te p re se nt u nt il m or e i s l ea rn ed a bo ut t he r ed m at er ia l ac on ta in s. 4 . D id t he T ec hn ol og y t o M ak e H ig hl y E xo th er mi c N an oc om po si te s E xi st P ri or t o 9 /1 1/ 20 01 ? W e f in d t he a ns we r i n a r e

before the tragedy: “Nanos tructured compos ites are multicomponent materials in which at leas t one of the component phas es has

t he n an om et er s iz e r an ge , d ef in ed a s 1 t o 1 00 n m. E ne rg et ic n an oc om po si te s a re a c la ss o f m at er ia l t ha t h av e b ot h a f ue l a nd o xi di zt he c om po ne nt p ha se s m ee ts t he s iz e d ef in it io n. A s ol -g el d er iv ed p yr ot ec hn ic i s a n e xa mp le o f a n e ne rg et ic n an oc om po si te , i n w hf ue ls i n v er y e xo th er mi c r ea ct io ns . T he f ue l r es id es w it hi n t he p or es o f t he s ol id m at ri x w hi le t he o xi di ze r c om pr is es a t l ea st a p or ti o( bl ue l in e) c om pa re d w it h D SC o f x er og el F e2 O3 /U FG A l n an oc om po si te ( fr om T il lo ts on e t a l. 2 8] ). B ot h D SC t ra ce s s ho w c om pl et?? ??? ? 2 6 T he Op en C hem ic al P hys ic s Jo ur na l, 2 009 , V ol ume 2 Ha rr it et a l. t ri x. ” “A s a n ex am pl e, e ne rg et ic n an oco mp osi te s o f F ec om po si ti on s a re s ta bl e, s af e a nd c an b e r ea di ly i gn it ed ” 1 9] . W e g at he r t ha t t he t ec hn ol og y t o m ak e m at er ia ls r em ar ka bl y f it ti ng t2 00 0. I n t he s am e r ep or t, t he s ci en ti st s n ot ed t ha t “ po ly me rs ” c an b e a dd ed t o t he n an oc om po si te : “ Th is s ol -g el m et ho d a ll ow s f or

polymers ) to the vis cous s ol, jus t before gelation, to produce a uniformly dis tributed and energetic nanocompos ite upon gelation.s ome FexOy gel s ynthes es jus t before gelation to produce FexOy /Al(s ) pyrotechnic nanocompos ites …. Thes e nanocompos itesae ro ge l of t he m at er ial …. T he p yr ot ech nic n an oc omp osi te can b e i gn it ed us ing a p ro pa ne t or ch ” 1 9] . I nd eed , t he r ed ch ip s ca n b e

pyrotechnic nanocompos ite. All the required ingredients are pres ent – aluminum, iron, oxygen, s ilicon, and carbon – and they ares om et im es e je ct s) v er y h ot m at er ia l w he n i gn it ed . T he G as h r ep or t d es cr ib es F TI R s pe ct ra w hi ch c ha ra ct er iz e t hi s e ne rg et ic m at er ith e r esul ts e lse whe re. W e no te t ha t po lym er s i n t he m at ri x m ay be r esp on si bl e fo r a bso rpt io n of M EK a nd t he su bse qu ent swel lin gconference discloses who was known to be working on such explosives at that time: The 221st National Meeting of the Americanfeatured a s ympos ium on Defens e Applications of Nanomaterials . One of the 4 s es sions was titled nanoenergetics …. This s es s ioo ng oi ng i n t hi s f iel d, w hi ch i s r ou gh ly 1 0 y ea rs o ld .… A t t hi s p oi nt i n t im e, a ll o f t he m il it ar y s er vi ce s a nd s om e D OE a nd a ca de mie xp lo it in g t he u ni qu e p ro pe rt ie s o f n an om at er ia ls t ha t h av e p ot en ti al t o b e u se d i n e ne rg et ic f or mu la ti on s f or a dv an ce d e xp lo si ve st he t he rm ob ar ic ( TB X) a nd T BX -l ik e w ea po ns , p ar ti cu la rl y d ue t o t he ir h ig h d eg re e o f t ai lo ra bi li ty w it h r eg ar ds t o e ne rg y r el ea se am an ag em en t” m ay b e s ig ni fi ca nt . I t i s p os si bl e t ha t f or mu la ti on s m ay b e c ho se n t o h av e j us t s uf fi ci en t p er cu ss iv e e ff ec t t o a ch ie vl ev el . 5 . C an S up er -T he rm it e b e H an dl ed S af el y? T he A pr il 2 00 0 r ep or t b y G as h e t a l. s ta te s: “ Th e n at ur e o f t he w et n an oc om po sih a n d s, t h e w e t p y r o t e c hn i c n a n o co m p o s it e s c a n n ot b e i g n i t e d u n t i l t h e d r y i ng p r o c e s s i s c o m pl e t e . T h i s p r op e r t y s h o ul d a l l o w tc an b e s to re d s af el y f or s om e t im e a nd d ri ed s ho rt ly b ef or e i ts u se ” 1 9] . S af e h an dl in g o f t he m al le ab le s ol -g el m at er ia l a ll ow s e asgroup, in a s ubs equent report, s ays they have achieved. “The s ol-gel proces s is very amenable to dip-, s pin-, and s pray-coating t

property to dipcoat various s ubs trates to make s ol-gel Fe2O3/Al/Viton coatings . The energetic coating dries to give a nice adhere pellets , cas t monoliths , and thin films of the hybrid inorganic/ organic energetic nanocompos ite” 25]. Thus , the energetic nano-c

ef fect iv el y fo rmi ng an e ner geti c or eve n exp lo si ve pai nt . T he r ed c hi ps we fo un d in t he W TC du st co nf or m t o th ei r d escr ipt io n ofn an oc om po si te ”. I nd ee d, t he d es cr ip ti ve t er ms “ en er ge ti c c oa ti ng ” a nd “ ni ce a dh er en t f il m” f it v er y w el l w it h o ur o bs er va ti on s o fcan not det er mi ne at th is t im e, h owev er , wh et her th e t hi nness of th e chi ps r esul ted f rom t he app lica ti on m et ho d or t he m ann er o f r es ui te d s pe ci fi c d es ir ed o ut co me s, i t i s a ls o p os si bl e t ha t t he q ue nc hi ng e ff ec t o f t he s te el t he m at er ia l w as i n c on ta ct w it h m ay h avfact that mos t of the chips have a dis tinctive gray layer s ugges ts that the unreacted material was in clos e contact with s omethingC lap sa dd le e t a l. f ur th er n ot ed i n t hei r r epo rt : “T hes e r es ul ts i ndi cat e t hat u nd er a mb ien t co ndi ti ons t he h yb ri d in or gan ic/ or ga ni ci ns en si ti ve , a nd o nl y v er y s li gh tl y f ri ct io n s en si ti ve . A s n ot ed i n t he E xp er im en ta l s ec ti on o f t hi s r ep or t, i n o ur h an ds w et h yb ri d ns ic ] i gn it e. H ow ev er , o nc e d ry t he m at er ia l b ur ns v er y v ig or ou sl y a nd r ap id ly w it h t he e vo lu ti on o f s ig ni fi ca nt a mo un ts o f g as eo ur ap id g as e vo lu ti on a nd e xp lo si ve n at ur e o f t he se e ne rg et ic s up er th er mi te s w he n d ry 2 4] . “ Su pe r- th er mi te e le ct ri c m at ch es ” h av ew hi ch “ ap pl ic at io ns i nc lu de t ri gg er in g e xp lo si ve s f or . .. d em ol it io n” 3 0] . I t i s i nd ee d p os si bl e t ha t s uc h m at ch es , w hi ch a re d es ig nmat er ial Active Thermit ic Mater ial Found in W TC Dust The Open C hemi cal Physics Journal, 2009, Vol ume 2 27 similar to t he r edt he s af et y o f s up er -t he rm it e m at ch es , t he L os A la mo s a nn ou nc em en t n ot es : “ Un fo rt un at el y, c on ve nt io na l e le ct ri c m at ch es u se l e

i mp ac t, f ri ct io n, s ta ti c, a nd h ea t s ti mu li , t he re by m ak in g t he m d an ge ro us t o h an dl e. I n a dd it io n, t he se c om po un ds p ro du ce t ox ic st ox ic l ea d s mo ke a nd a re s af er t o u se b ec au se t he y r es is t f ri ct io n, i mp ac t, h ea t, a nd s ta ti c d is ch ar ge t hr ou gh t he c om po si ti on , t he ret o c r ea t e v a ri o us t h er m al - in i ti a ti n g o u tp u ts — si m pl e s pa r ks , h o t s l ag , d r op l et s , o r f l am es — de pe n di n g o n t h e n ee d s o f d i ff e re n t a p pT h er m it e C o mp ar e d t o C o nv en t io n al E x pl o si v es ? A g r ap h i n a n a r ti cl e o n n a no st r uc tu r ed e n er g et i c m a te r ia ls 2 1] s h ow s t h at t h e e ne xc ee ds t ha t o f T NT , H MX a nd T AT B e xp lo si ve s c om mo nl y u se d i n d em ol it io ns ( se e F ig . ( 30 )) . I t i s s tr ik in g t ha t s om e o f t he r ed /thermite, as shown in the blue bar graphs above. The theoretical maximum for thermite is 3.9 kJ/g 27]. We suggest that the organice ne rg et ic , m os t l ik el y p ro du ci ng g as t o p ro vi de e xp lo si ve p re ss ur e. A ga in , c on ve nt io na l t he rm it e i s r eg ar de d a s a n i nc en di ar y w hei ng re di en ts f or r ap id g as ge ne ra ti on , i s co nsi der ed a p yr ot ec hn ic o r ex pl osi ve 6 , 2 4] . A s t hi s t es t w as d on e i n a ir i t i s po ss ibl e t ha tc om e f ro m a ir o xi da ti on o f t he o rg an ic c om po ne nt . 7 . C ou ld t he R ed C hi p M at er ia l b e O rd in ar y P ai nt ? W e m ea su re d t he r es is ti vi tys id e) u si ng a F lu ke 8 84 2A m ul ti me te r i n o rd er t o c om pa re w it h o rd in ar y p ai nt s, u si ng t he f or mu la : S pe ci fi c r es is ti vi ty = R A / L w he= t hi ck nes s ( m) . G iv en t he s ma ll si ze o f t he r ed c hi p, a bo ut 0 .5 m m x 0 .5 m m, we u sed t wo p ro bes a nd o bt ai ned a r ou gh v al ue o f apl ess t han pa in t co at in gs w e f ou nd t ab ul at ed wh ich a re t ypi ca ll y o ve r 1 010 oh m- m 3 1] . An ot he r t est , d es cr ib ed a bo ve, in vol ved suten s o f h our s, wi th a gi tat ion . Th e r ed m at eri al d id sw ell b ut d id n ot d isso lv e, an d a h ar d si lico n- ric h mat rix r ema in ed af ter th is pr oe xp os ur e t o M EK s ol ve nt b ec am e l im p a nd s ho we d s ig ni fi ca nt d is so lu ti on , a s e xp ec te d s in ce M EK i s a p ai nt s ol ve nt . F ur th er , w ea lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de , t he i ng re di en ts o f t he rm it e, i n i nt er es ti ng c on fi gu ra ti on a nd i nt im at e m ix in g i n t he s ur vi vi ng c hi ps ( se e Ro xi de g ra in s a re r ou gh ly 1 00 n m a cr os s) i n a m at ri x i nc lu di ng s il ic on a nd c ar bo n, s ug ge st in g a s up er th er mi te c om po si te . R ed c hi psever al year s after the 9/ 11 tr agedy, as shown by the br ight flash observed and the pr o- 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 E ner gy (kJ) HMX TC hi p 3 W TC C hi p 4 E ner gy b y v ol um e ( kJ/ cc) E ner gy by m ass ( kJ /g) F ig . ( 30 ). E ner gy r el ea se f or mo no mol ec ul ar e xp lo si ve s H MX,




a nd e ne rg y r el ea se b y m as s f or f ou r r ed /g ra y c hi ps f ou nd i n t he W TC d us t a s m ea su re d i n a D if fe re nt ia l S ca nn in g C al or im et er . 2 8H ar ri t e t a l. d uc ti on o f m ol te n i ro n- ri ch s ph er es ( se e p ho to mi cr og ra ph s i n F ig . ( 20 ) a bo ve ). C or re sp on di ng ly , t he D SC t es ts d em onth at of pu re th er mit e. Fu rt her mor e, t he en er gy i s r ele ased ov er a sh ort pe rio d o f t ime, sho wn b y t he n ar row ne ss o f th e pe ak i n F ig .w hi ch t he i ro n e xc ee ds t he o xy ge n c on te nt , i mp ly in g t ha t a t l ea st s om e o f t he i ro n o xi de h as b ee n r ed uc ed i n t he r ea ct io n. I f a p aim at er i al s, i t w ou ld b e h ig hl y d an ge ro us w he n d ry a nd m os t u nl ik el y t o r ec ei ve r eg ul at or y a pp ro va l f or b ui ld in g u se . T o m er it c o

paint could match the characteristics we have des cribed would have to be accompanied by empirical demons tration us ing a s amplDSC ana ly ses. 8. W hat F ut ur e St ud ies ar e C ont emp lat ed? W e obser ve t hat t he t ota l ener gy r el eased f rom som e of th e r ed ch ip s exO ne p os si bi li ty i s t ha t t he o rg an ic m at er ia l i n t he r ed l ay er i s i ts el f e ne rg et ic . D et er mi na ti on o f t he c he mi ca l c om po un d( s) i nv ol ve d

promote unders tanding. Further s tudies of the red material (s eparated from the gray material) compared to known s uper-thermite v

c er ta in ly b e i n o rd er . I n p ar ti cu la r, N MR a nd G C- ma ss s pe ct ro sc op y a nd r el at ed s tu di es a re u rg ed t o i de nt if y t he o rg an ic m at er ia l.e le me nt s s uc h a s p ot as si um , l ea d, b ar iu m a nd c op pe r. A re t he se s ig ni fi ca nt , a nd w hy d o s uc h e le me nt s a pp ea r i n s om e r ed c hi ps asho ws si gn if ican t P b al on g wi th C , O, F e, and A l an d di sp la ys mu lt ipl e r ed an d gr ay la yer s. I n a dd it ion , t he gr ay -l aye r m ate ria l deg ra y m at er ia l a pp ea rs i n m ul ti pl e l ay er s, a s s ee n i n F ig . ( 32 ). F ig . ( 31 ). P ho to mi cr og ra ph o f a r ed /g ra y c hi p f ou nd i n sa mp le 3 , s ho

between the red layers . The red-mes oporous material is on the left in this view, with the touching dark-gray layer next and a lightesame ch ip ( ri ght h an d image in F ig. (32) ). The g ray l ayer i n contact with the r ed layer has th e XEDS spect rum shown in F ig. (33) i nan X EDS s pe ct rum j ust li ke t ho se di sp lay ed i n F ig . ( 6) . T hu s, t he mi ddl e- la ye r g ray m at er ial co nt ain s car bo n an d o xy ge n an d p rest hi s m et ho d. S in ce t he g ra y i nn er l ay er a pp ea rs b et we en t wo o th er l ay er s, i t m ay b e a t yp e o f a dh es iv e, b in di ng a r ed p or ou s t he rm is pe cu la te t ha t t he r ed t he rm it ic m at er ia l h as b ee n a tt ac he d t o r us ty i ro n b y a n a dh es iv e. T he c oo li ng e ff ec t o f t he i ro n i n s uc h c lo sre act io n and ex pl ai n th e fa ct t hat u nr eac ted r ed t he rm it ic m at er ia l, al way s f oun d b y us i n t hin l aye rs, r em ai ns in t he d ust . Th ese hySEM image of the chip pictured on the r ight, the same chip but not precisely the same spot. This chip had been treated in MEK sevident. ????? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ? ?? ?? Active Thermiti c M ateri al F ound i n W TC Dust T he Open C hemical Ps p e ct r u m f o r gr a y l a ye r w h i ch t o u c he s t h e r ed l a y er o f t h e c hi p s h o wn a b o ve . N o r e d/ g r a y ch i p s h av i n g t h e c h a r ac t e r is t i c s de l i n ed em ol i ti o n u si n g c on ve nt i on al e xp l os iv es a n d m et h od s, f or t h e S t ar d us t R e so rt & C as i no i n L a s V eg as ( d em ol i sh ed 1 3 M ar c h 2 0 07A ug us t 2 00 7) . O f c ou rs e, w e d o n ot a ss um e t ha t t he d es tr uc ti on o f t he W TC s ky sc ra pe rs o cc ur re d c on ve nt io na ll y. T he r ed m at er io bs er ve d a b ri gh t f la sh o n i gn it io n, b ut d et er mi na ti on o f t he b ur n r at e o f t he r ed m at er ia l m ay h el p t o c la ss if y t hi s a s a s lo w o r f as tcut ter -ch ar ge i tsel f, b ut ra th er as a me ans t o i gn it e h ig h ex pl osiv es, as in sup er -th er mit e m at che s 3 0] . Hav in g o bse rv ed u ni gni ted to th er e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls s ui ta bl e f or c ut te r c ha rg es o r e xp lo si ve s s ho ul d a ls o b e l oo ke d f or i n t he W TC d us t. N IS T h as a dm it te dC ON CL US IO NS W e h av e d is co ve re d d is ti nc ti ve r ed /g ra y c hi ps i n s ig ni fi ca nt n um be rs i n d us t a ss oc ia te d w it h t he W or ld T ra de Cm et ho ds t o c ha ra ct er iz e t he s ma ll -s ca le s tr uc tu re a nd c he mi ca l s ig na tu re o f t he se c hi ps , e sp ec ia ll y o f t he ir r ed c om po ne nt . T he r ec ha ra ct er is ti cs : 1 . I t i s c om po se d o f a lu mi nu m, i ro n, o xy ge n, s il ic on a nd c ar bo n. L es se r a mo un ts o f o th er p ot en ti al ly r ea ct iv e e le ml ea d, b ar iu m a nd c op pe r. 2 . T he p ri ma ry e le me nt s ( Al , F e, O , S i, C ) a re t yp ic al ly a ll p re se nt i n p ar ti cl es a t t he sc al e o f t en s t o h un dri nt i ma t e m i xi ng . 3 . O n t r ea tm en t w it h m e th yl e th y l k et on e s ol v en t , s om e s eg r eg at i on o f c om po ne n ts o cc u rr e d. E l em e nt al a lu m in ui n t he p re -i gn it io n m at er ia l. 4 . I ro n o xi de a pp ea rs i n f ac et ed g ra in s r ou gh ly 1 00 n m a cr os s w he re as t he a lu mi nu m a pp ea rs i n t hi n p lq ua li fi es t he m at er ia l t o b e c ha ra ct er iz ed a s n an ot he rm it e o r s up er -t he rm it e. 5 . A na ly si s s ho ws t ha t i ro n a nd o xy ge n a re p re se nt i n

W TC d us t s am pl es w as s im il ar i n t hi s w ay . I ro n o xi de w as f ou nd i n t he p re -i gn it io n m at er ia l w he re as e le me nt al i ro n w as n ot . 6 . F rot he r ed m at er ia l, w e c on cl ud e t ha t i t c on ta in s t he i ng re di en ts o f t he rm it e. 7 . A s m ea su re d u si ng D SC , t he m at er ia l i gn it es a nd r ea ct sw it h a r a th er n ar r ow e xo t he r m, m at c hi n g f a ir l y c lo s el y a n i n de pe n de nt o b se r va t io n o n a k no w n s up e r- t he r mi t e s am p le . T h e l o w t el es s t ha n 1 20 n m s ho w t ha t t he m at er ia l i s n ot c on ve nt io na l t he rm it e ( wh ic h i gn it es a t t em pe ra tu re s a bo ve 9 00 ° C) b ut v er y l ik el y ach ip s i n a DS C r un t o 70 0 ° C, we f oun d n um er ous i ron -r ich sp her es an d sp her oi ds in th e r es id ue , i ndi ca ti ng t ha t a v er y h igh tem pec le ar ly m us t h av e b ee n m ol te n t o f or m t he se s ha pe s. I n s ev er al s ph er es , e le me nt al i ro n w as v er if ie d s in ce t he i ro n c on te nt s ig ni fi chi gh -t em per atu re r ed uc ti on -o xi da ti on r ea ct io n h as o cc ur red i n t he h ea te d c hi ps, n am el y, t he t he rmi te r eac ti on . 9. T he sp her oi ds pX ED S s ig na tu re ( Al , F e, O , S i, C ) wh ic h i s d ep le te d i n c ar bo n a nd a lu mi nu m r el at iv e t o t he o ri gi na l r ed m at er ia l. T hi s c he mi ca l s igs ph er oi ds p ro du ce d b y i gn it in g c om me rc ia l t he rm it e, a nd a ls o m at ch es t he s ig na tu re s o f m an y o f t he m ic ro sp he re s f ou nd i n t he Wi nd ic at es t ha t a n o rg an ic s ub st an ce i s p re se nt . T hi s w ou ld b e e xp ec te d f or s up er -t he rm it e f or mu la ti on s i n o rd er t o p ro du ce h ig h gT he n at ur e o f t he o rg an ic m at er ia l i n t he se c hi ps m er it s f ur th er e xp lo ra ti on . W e n ot e t ha t i t i s l ik el y a ls o a n e ne rg et ic m at er ia l, i n tt es ts e xc ee ds t he t he or et ic al m ax im um e ne rg y o f t he c la ss ic t he rm it e r ea ct io n. B as ed o n t he se o bs er va ti on s, w e c on cl ud e t ha t t he

W T C d u st i s a ct i ve , u n re a ct e d t h er m it i c m a te r ia l , i n co r po r at i ng n a no t ec hn o lo g y, a n d i s a h i gh l y e n er g et i c p yr o te c hn i c o r e x pl o si v

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? 3 0 T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 H ar ri t e t a l. A CK NO WL ED GM EN TS T he a ut ho rs w is h t o t ha nk T om B r M ac Ki nl ay , a nd S te ve W hi te f or d us t s am pl es a cq ui re d s oo n a ft er t he W TC 9 /1 1 c at as tr op he . W e t ha nk D av id G ri sc om , M ar k B as iGr ab be, D av id R ay G ri ff in , M ik e B er ger , F ran k C ar men , R ich ar d Ga ge, S ha ne G ei ge r, Ju st in K eog h, Ja ni ce M at th ew s, J ohn P ar ul is,e lu ci da ti ng d is cu ss io ns a nd e nc ou ra ge me nt . T ha nk s t o J oh n P ar ul is f or g at he ri ng s am pl es o f r es id ue s f ro m r ea ct ed c om me rc ia l t he rA ut ho ri ty , W or ld T ra de C en te r B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce S tu dy : D at a c ol le ct io n, p re li mi na ry o bs er va ti on s a nd r ec om me nd at io ns , M ayc ol la ps e d eb ri s i mp ac t, b as ed o n a er ia l p ho to gr ap hs a nd d oc um en te d d am ag e, p p. 1 -9 . A cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro mh tt p: // 91 1r es ea rc h. wt c7 .n et /m ir ro rs /g ua rd ian 2/ wt c/ WT C_ ch 1. ht m 2 ] S un de r S , G ro ss ha nd le r W , L ew H S, e t a l. F in al r ep or t o n t he

NC STAR . National Ins titute of Standards and Technology: Gaithers burg, MD 2005. 3] Gourley J R , McIlvaine B , J ones SE, R yan Kr e qu e st f o r c o rr e ct i on . J 9 / 11 S t ud i es 2 0 07 ; 1 7 :1 - 16 . A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // w ww . jo u rn a lo f 91 1 st u di e s. c o

R ya n K R, G ou rl ey J R, J on es S E. E nv ir on me nt al a no ma li es a t t he W or ld T ra de C en te r: e vi de nc e f or e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls . E nv ir on me nA v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : / /w w w. s pr i n ge r li n k. c om / co n te n t/ f 67 q 62 7 25 8 3h 8 6n 4 / 5 ] J o ne s S E , F a rr e r J , J e nk i ns G S , e t a l . E x t re m el y h i gh t9 / 11 S t ud i es 2 0 08 ; 1 9 : 1 - 11 . A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r o m: h t tp : // w ww . jo u rn a lo f 91 1 st u di e s. c om / ar t i cl e s/ W T CH i gh Tc om pl et el y c ol la ps e? J 9 /1 1 S tu di es 2 00 6; 3 : 1 -4 7. A cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m:h t t p: / / ww w . jo u r na l o f9 1 1 st u d ie s .c o m /v o l um e / 20 0 6 09 / W hy I n de e d Di d t he W o rl d T ra d e Ce n t er B u il d i ng s C om p l et e l yC o l la p s e. p d f 7 ] R




en gi ne er d eb at e t he co nt ro ll ed d em ol it io n o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r. J 9 /1 1 S tu di es 2 00 7; 1 0: 1 -3 7. A cce sse d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 8] . Ah tt p: // jo ur na lo f9 11 st ud ie s. co m/ vo lu me /2 00 70 4/ Ro be rt s_ An no ta te dJ on es - R ob er ts on Tr an sc ri pt .p df 8 ] J on es S E. R ev is it in g 9 /1 1 –5 5 -8 2 . A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r o m: h t t p: / /j o u rn a lo f 91 1 st u di e s. c om / vo l um e /2 0 07 0 4/ J on e sW T C 91 1 Sc i Me t ho d .p d f 9c ol la ps e i ni ti at io n w as i mp os si bl e. J 9 /1 1 S tu di es 2 00 7; 1 8: 1 -3 . A cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m:h t t p: / / j ou r n al o f 91 1 s tu d i es . co m / vo l u me / 2 00 7 0 3/ S u dd e n _c o l la p s e_ i n it i a ti o n _i m p os s ib l e .p d f 1 0 ] G o u rl e y J . D i sc u s si o n o f ‘ m e ch a n iC en t er a nd b ui l di ng d em ol i ti on s’ b y B a a nt Z P , M a th i eu V. J E ng M ec h 2 00 8; 1 34 (1 0) : 9 15 -1 6. A cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab lhttp://s citation.aip.org/getabs /s ervlet/Getabs Servlet?prog=normal&id=JENMDT000134000010000915000001&idtype=cvips &gifs =G ou rl ey J R. F ou rt ee n p oi nt s o f a gr ee me nt w it h o ff ic ia l g ov er nm en t r ep or ts o n t he W or ld T ra de C en te r d es tr uc ti on . O pe n C iv il E ngfrom: http://www.bentham-open.org/pages/content.php?TOCIEJ/2008/00000002/00000001/35TOCIEJ.SGM 12] Hoffman J. The De

A c ce s se d F e br u a ry 7 , 2 0 0 9] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : / /9 1 1r e se a rc h .w t c7 . ne t / wt c / an a l ys i s/ c ol l a ps e s/ s ym m et r y. h t ml 1 3 ] M c Ge e J K , C hc en te r f in e p ar ti cu la te m at te r f or u se i n t ox ic ol og ic a ss es sm en t. E nv ir on H ea lt h P er sp ec t 2 00 3; 1 11 : 9 72 -8 0. A cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2h tt p: // ww w. eh po nl i ne .o rg /m em be rs /2 00 3/ 59 30 /5 93 0. ht ml 1 4] L ee R J G ro up . W TC d us t s ig na tu re r ep or t, c om po si ti on a nd m or ph ol oAvailable from: http://www.nyenvirolaw.org/WTC/130%20Liberty%20Street/Mike%20Davis%20LMDC%20130%20Liberty%20DC % 2 0d u st / W TC % 2 0D u st % 2 0S i gn a t ur e . Co m p os i ti o n %2 0 an d % 20 M o rp h ol o g y. F i na l . pd f 1 5 ] L o w er s H A , M e ek e r G P . P a r ti c l e a t l asF eb r ua ry 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m: h tt p: / /p ub s. us gs .g ov /o f/ 20 05 /1 16 5/ 50 8O F0 5- 11 65 .h tm l 1 6] L i oy P J, W ei se l C P, M i ll et te J R, e t ae as t o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r ( WT C) i n l ow er m an ha tt an a ft er t he c ol la ps e o f t he W TC 1 1. S ep te mb er 2 00 1. E nv ir on H ea lt h P er spAvailable from: http://www.ehponline.org/members /2002/110p703-714lioy/lioy-full.html 17] Deless io F, B reidenbach T. VideotapeA cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m: h tt p: // vi de o. go og le .c om /v id eo pl ay ?d oc id =1 95 74 90 86 70 30 31 62 50 , s ta rt a t t im es ta mp 3s iz e a nd s iz e d is tr ib ut io n o n r ea ct iv it y o f a lu mi nu m n an op ar ti cl es i n r ea ct io ns w it h o xy ge n a nd M oO 3. T he rm oc hi m A ct a 2 00 6; 4 44http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6THV-4JRVFRD-2&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&mS i mp s on R L , T i ll o ts o n T M , S a tc h er J H , H r ub e sh L W . M a ki n g n a no s tr u ct u r ed p y ro t ec h ni c s i n a b e ak e r. p r e- p ri n t U C RL - JC - 1 37 5 93 ,A p ri l 1 0 , 2 0 00 . A c ce s se d F e br u a ry 7 , 2 0 0 9] . A v ai l ab l e f r o m: h t t p: / / ww w .o s ti . go v / en e r gy c it a ti o ns / pr o d uc t .b i bl i o .j s p? o st i _i d = 15 0 07t e ch n ol o gy a r ea o f n a ti o na l i m po r ta n ce . A m pt i ac Q 2 0 02 ; 6 ( 1) : 4 3 -4 8 . A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // w ww . p2 pS im ps on R L, C l ap sa dd le B J. N an os tr uc tu re d e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls w it h s ol -g el m et ho ds . M at er R es S oc S ym p P r oc 2 00 4; 8 00 : 5 5- 66 .http://www.mrs .org/s_mrs /sec_s ubs cribe.as p?C ID=2642&DID=115856&action=detail 22] Pus zyns ki J A. R eactivity of nanosizedS o c S y mp P r oc 2 0 04 ; 8 0 0: A A 6. 4 .1 . A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // w ww . mr s .o r g/ s _m r s/ s ec _ su b sc r ib e .a s p? C IDS wi at ki ew ic z J J. R es ea rc h T op ic : I nv es ti ga ti on o f I gn it io n C ha ra ct er is ti cs o f H et er og en eo us S tr on gl y E xo th er mi c R ea ct io ns . D ep arD ak ot a S c ho o l o f M i ne s a n d T e ch n ol o gy , C u rr en t P r oj ec t s. A cc es se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A va i la bl e f r om : h t tp : // r et .s d sm t. e du / pr o jeS yn th es is a nd c ha ra ct er iz at io n o f m ix ed m et al o xi de n an oc om po si te e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls . U CR L- PR OC - 2 04 11 8, L aw re nc e L iv er mo reA c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // w ww . mr s .o r g/ s _m r s/ s ec _ su b sc r ib e .a s p? C ID = 26 4 2& D ID = 11 5 87 9 &a c ti o n= d et a iln an oc om po si te s w it h s ol -g el c he mi st r y: S yn th es is , s af et y, a nd c ha ra ct er iz at io n. L LN L U CR L -J C- 1 46 73 9, L aw re nc e L i ve rm or e N at i7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m: h tt p: // e- re po rt s- ex t. ll nl .g ov /p df /2 44 13 7. pd f A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C heC lap sadd le B J, Sat cher JH, Jr, S chae fer DW , She a KJ. I nt egr at ed chem ical sy stem s: th e si mu lt aneo us f orm ati on of hyb ri d nan oco

Mater 2005; 17(6): 1358-66. Acces s ed February 7, 2009]. Available from: http://pubs .acs .org/cgi-bin/abs tract.cgi/cmatex/2005/17/i0D , e t a l. F or m ul at io n a nd p er fo r ma nc e o f n ov el e ne r ge ti c n an oc om po si te s a nd g as g en er a to rs p re pa re d b y s ol –g el m et ho ds . L L NL UL a bo r at o ry : L i ve r mo r e, C a ; M a rc h 2 0 05 ; A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // e -r e po r ts - ex t .l l nl . go v /p d f/ 3 18 2 63 . pd f 2S at ch er J H, J r, P oc o J F. N an os tr uc tu re d e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls u si ng s ol -g el m et ho do lo gi es . J N on - C ry st S ol 2 00 1; 2 85 : 3 38 -3 45 . A cc ehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TXM-435KKJV-2G&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&B a nd y op a dh y ay A , d e S a rk a r M , B h ow m ic k A K . P o ly m er - fi l le r i n te r ac t io n s i n s o l- g el d e ri v ed p o ly m er / si l ic a h y br i d n a no c om p os i te sA c ce s se d A u gu s t 4 , 2 0 08 ] . A v ai l a bl e f r o m: h t t p: / /w w w3 . in t er s ci e nc e .w i le y .c o m/ j ou r n al / 1 10 5 72 5 49 / ab s tr a ct 3 0 ] R & D A w ar d s. s u pA v ai l a bl e f r o m: h t tp : / /a w ar d s. l an l .g o v/ P D Ff i l es / S up e r- T h er m i te _ E le c tr i c_ M at c he s _2 0 03 . pd f 3 1 ] A b u A y an a Y M , E l - Sa w y S M , S aAnti-Corros Methods Mater 1997; 44(6): 381-8. Available from: http://www.emeraldins ight.com/Ins ight/ViewC ontentServlet?F il en am e= Pu bl is he d/ Em er al dF ul lT ex tA rt ic le /A rt ic le s/ 12 80 44 06 04 .h tm l R ec ei ve d: A ug us t 1 2, 2 00 8 R ev is ed : F eb ru ar y 1 0, 2 00 9 A ccO pe n. T hi s i s a n o pe n a cc es s a rt ic le l ic en se d u nd er t he t er ms o f t he C re at iv e C om mo ns A tt ri bu ti on N on -C om me rc ia l L ic en se ( ht tp

permits unres tricted, non-commercial us e, dis tribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.6. T h er m it e: T h e S m ok i ng G u n, S e pt ' 0 9

THE RMI TE :T he S moki ng Gun If you are new to the volu mes of research that have been comp iled on t he cr imes of 9/ 11, it will qu ia n d un b i a s ed a t t em p t t o d i s c ov e r t he t r u t h a b o u t w h a t ha p p e ne d t h at f a t ef u l d ay a n d w h i c h p a r t i es h a ve s o ug h t t o c o v e r u p o r iga cc o un t . T h e d i sc o ve r y b y a n i n te r na t io n al c ad r e o f s c ie n ti s ts o f m o lt en i r on , p u lv e ri z ed c on c re t e, r e si d ua l p ar t ic l es f r om t h er m it i car ea a rou nd Gr ou nd Z er o, sh ou ld co mpel t he u nc or ru pt ed an d i nq ui ri ng mi nd t o f oll ow t he sc ient if ic me th od t o r e- eval uat e t he p run bi ase d se ar ch f or th e t ru th w ou ld r equ ir e sc ien ce , l ogi c, a nd f ac tu al e vi den ce . A s ys te mat ic ap pr oa ch to r es ear ch in g th e m at te rS ch mi dt ( % G Ze jW a X BV\Vo ^ cZ > hh jZ & + H jW hX g^ WZ D ca ^c Z d g 8Vaa & "- ++ ") (, "+ *, % l ll #g Ze jW a^ Xb V\ Vo ^c Z #X d b

buildings . In fact, Underwriters Laboratory whis tleblower Kevin R yan wrote a paper entitled “The Top Ten connections B etween NIST s hould have been well-acquainted with and likely to s tudy nano-thermites . We can conclude, then, that NIST intentionally

w o ul d h a ve b e e n th e p r ud e nt a n d n ec e ss a ry t h i ng t o d o . N ot o n l y th a t, b u t s i nc e N IS T h a d p re v io u sl y b e en s t u dy i ng t h e v er y p a rt he w or ld , i t f ol lo ws t ha t N IS T w ou ld b e i nt er es te d i n t he se r es ul ts . F or me r B YU p hy si cs p ro fe ss or S te ve n E . J on es w as o ne o f t h

9/ 11 b y fo llo wi ng t he sci ent ifi c me th od . Hi s f indi ngs wer e re lea sed i n hi s f ir st pap er o n t he sub jec t of th e dest ruct ion at th e W TC ,C ol lap se? ” w hi ch can b e f ou nd in t he Jun e 20 06 is sue o f “ The Jo ur nal o f 9/ 11 St udi es. ”1 0 I n t hi s p ape r, Jo nes i de nt if ies 13 c om pc on tr ol le d d em ol it io n, i nc lu di ng t he p re se nc e o f p oo ls o f a nd f lo wi ng m ol te n m et al , e xt re me ly h ig h t em pe ra tu re s t ha t c ou ld n ot b et he m an ne r i n w hi ch t ow er s 1 , 2 , a nd 7 c ol la ps ed ( in to t he ir o wn f oo tp ri nt ), a nd e ye wi tn es s r ep or ts o f f la sh es , d us t f ro m t he b ot tocharges going off on the day. Dr. J ones pres ents the evidence in a manner that makes it clear that he us ed the s cientific proces s , p




been pres ent s urrounding the molten metal. In the May 2007 is s ue of “The J ournal of 9/11 Studies ” Dr. J ones releas ed a paper titleM e t h o d. ” T h i s p a pe r f u r t h er s t r e s se d t h e d r a st i c n e e d f o r sc i e n t if i c i n v es t i g a ti o n w i t h t he a n n o u nc e d d i s co v e r y t h at “ i r o n - al u m i ns ph e ru l es p r od u ce d i n t h er m it e -c o nt r ol r e ac t io n s. ” xi T h is d i sc o ve r ed r e si d ue o f p o ss i bl e t h er m it i c m a te r ia l s d e ma n de d i n de p en d ef iel d. In a n at te mpt to f oste r a mo re co lla bor at ive r esea rc h par tne rsh ip, Dr . Jo nes , al ong w it h f ou r o th er l ead ing 9/ 11 sci ent ifi c r eset he ir p ee r- re vi ew ed p ap er , “ Fo ur te en A gr ee me nt w it h O ff ic ia l G ov er nm en t R ep or ts o n t he W or ld T ra de C en te r D es tr uc ti on .” 11 N IS te ve n J on es w as j oi ne d i n h is e ff or t t o i nv es ti ga te t he s ph er ic al t he rm it ic r es id ue a s w el l a s t he u nk no wn r ed / g ra y c hi ps l at er f oJ on e s, w it h l e ad a ut h or N i el s H ar r it a n d s ev en o t he r i n te rn a ti o na l s ci e nt i fi c r e se ar c he r s, r e le as ed t h e p ee r -r e vi e we d p a pe r “ ‘ Ac t iv eW or ld T rad e C en te r C ata str oph e, ” wh ic h co ncl uded th at a t her mi ti c m at er ial was i n f act pr ese nt in th e du st o f W TC 1 , 2, & 7. 12o bs er va ti on s… t he r ed l ay er o f t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps … i n t he W TC d us t i s a ct iv e, u nr ea ct ed t he rm it ic m at er ia l, i nc or po ra ti ng n an ot e

ex pl osi ve ma ter ial .” I f th e t owe rs d id i nde ed co ll aps e i n t he m ann er i n w hi ch t he g ove rnm en t s tat ed in t he ir r epo rt s, t her e i s n o r ema ter ial . I t w oul d no t h ave b ee n p res en t a t a ll . T he f act th at i t i s pr esen t sh ou ld t ell N IST t hat co ntr ol led de mo li ti on sh ou ld a bs olS ci en ti fi c r es ea rc h c on ti nu es u si ng n ew t es ti ng m et ho ds t o a cq ui re n ew k no wl ed ge , c or re ct a nd i nt eg ra te p re vi ou s k no wl ed ge , winv olved in the demol it ion of all t hree WT C bu ild ings. I ndepend en t r esearch ers and acti vist s fr om all over t he wor ld and averag e Ae ff or ts t o o bt ai n a n i nd ep en de nt i nv es ti ga ti on t o f in al ly g et t o t he b ot to m o f w ha t r ea ll y h ap pe ne d o n S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1. G ov er nw it h t he ir o wn e ff or ts t o s up pr es s s uc h k no wl ed ge . W ho d o y ou t ru st ? M ic ha el S ch mi dt h ol ds a B ac he lo r o f S ci en ce i n E ng in ee ri ny ea rs e ng in ee ri ng a nd c on st ru ct io n m an ag em en t e xp er ie nc e, A rc hi te ct s a nd E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th p et it io n s ig na to ry . 1 “ Sc ie nt i“ S ci e nt i fi c M e th o d. ” W i k ip e di a . J u ly 2 0 09 < h tt p :/ / e n .w i ki p ed i a. o rg / wi k i/ S ci e nt i fi c _m e th o d> . 3 “ N IS T V i de o : T h e C o ll a ps e o f W o r

NIST: National Ins titute of Standards and Technology. J uly 2009 4 Fletcher, C atherine S. “NIST R es pons e to R equest for C orrectio< h tt p :/ / ww w .j o ur n al o f9 1 1s t ud i es . co m /v o l um e /2 0 07 / N I ST r es p on s eT o R eq u es t Fo r C or r e ct i o nG o ur l e yE t al 2 .p d f >. 5 “ E xo t ic A c ce l er a6 “ Th er mi te .” T he F re e D ic ti on ar y. J ul y 2 00 9 < ht tp :/ / e nc yc lo pe di a2 .t he fr ee di ct io na ry .c om /t he rm it e> . 7 “ Th er mi t e. ” W ik ip ed ia .o rg .“ Th er ma te .” W i ki pe di a. or g. J ul y 2 00 9 < ht t p: // en . wi k ip ed ia . o rg /w ik i /T he rm at e> . 9 R y an , K ev in . “ Th e T o p T en C o nn ec ti on s B et we( 20 08 ). 1 0 Jo ne s, S te phe n E . “ Wh y I nde ed D id t he W or ld T ra de C en te r B ui ld in gs C om pl et el y C ol lap se? ” J ou rn al o f 9 /1 1 S tu di es 3 (A pp ly in g t he S ci en ti fi c M et ho d” J ou rn al o f 9 /1 1 S tu di es 1 1 ( 20 07 ): 1 -2 8. x ii J on es , S te ph en E ., e t a l. “ Fo ur te en P oi nt s o f A gr ee me nC en ter De st ruc ti on .” T he O pe n C iv il E ng in eer ing Jo ur nal 2 ( 200 8) : 3 5- 40 . 1 2 x ii iH ar ri t, N iel s H. , e t a l. “ Act iv e T he rmi ti c M ate ri al DC a ta s tr o ph e .” T h e O p en C h em i ca l P h ys i cs J o ur n al 2 ( 2 00 9 ): 7 - 31 . l l l# g Ze j Wa ^ Xb V \Vo ^ c Z# X d b H j W h Xg ^ W Z D c a^ c Z d g 8Vaa

7. W or ld T r ad e C en te r T ow er A E l ec tr i ca l

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S ci e nt i st s D is co v er B o th R e si d ue s A n d U ni g ni t ed F r ag m en t s O f N an o -E n gi n ee r ed T h er m it i c P yr o te ch n ic s I n D eb r is F r om t h e T w i

by J im Hoffman Vers ion 1.00, April 3, 2009 Vers ion 1.01, April 9, 2009 Vers ion 1.02, October 23, 2009 Vers ion 1.03, December 7, 200

T he s ci en ti fi c p ap er A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l D is co ve re d i n D us t f ro m t he 9 /1 1 W or ld T ra de C en te r C at as tr op he c on cl us iv el y s hi n d us t s am pl es f ro m t he T wi n T ow er s, w ho se c he mi ca l s ig na tu re m at ch es p re vi ou sl y d oc um en te d a lu mi no th er mi c r es id ue s f ou n

paper and related res earch is intended to s ummarize thos e findings for the non-technical reader. To that end, I firs t provide a s hore xp lo si ve s, t he n o ut li ne t he m et ho ds a nd r es ul ts o f a na ly si s o f t he d us t s am pl es , a nd f in al ly e xp lo re t he s ig ni f ic an ce o f t he se f in di

C o n t e n t s

I nt ro du ct io n C on te nt s A lu mi no th er mi cs 1 01 C om po si ti on R ea ct io n R at e E ne rg y D en si ty a nd P ow er D en si ty E ne rg et ic N an oc om pR es id ue s: I ro n- Ri ch S ph er oi ds U ni gn it ed A lu mi no th er mi cs : B i- La ye re d C hi ps P ro ve na nc e o f t he S am pl es P hy si ca l S tr uc tu re o f t heB e ha vi o r o f t h e C h ip s I g ni t io n R e si d ue A n al y si s C o nc lu si o ns D is cu ss io n F A Q: C o nt r ol l ed D em o li t io n W i th A l um i no t he r mi c s H oW h en B u il di n gs A r e N o rm a ll y D em o li s he d U si n g H i gh - Ex p lo s iv e C u tt er C h ar g es ? W h y W e re n' t D em ol i ti o n C h ar g es T r ig g er e d b

t h e D em o li t io n E q ui p me n t H av e B e en I n st al l ed i n t h e T w in T o we rs W i th o ut T e na n ts N ot i ci n g? G l os sa r y o f A n al y ti c al M e th o ds R I ma ge f r om A ma zi ng R us t. co m o f a s im pl e t h er mi t e r ea ct i on i nv o lv in g i r on o xi d e a nd a lu mi nu m. T h is v id eo s ho ws t he rm i te m el ti ne ne rg y -r e le as in g o xi da t io n- r ed u ct io n c he mi ca l r ea ct i on s i n w hi c h e le me n ta l a l um in u m r e du ce s a c om p ou nd , t yp i ca ll y b y s t ea l in g tf ro m l ow -t ec h p re pa ra ti on s t ha t t ak e s ec on ds t o r ea ct a nd t he re fo re r el ea se n ea rl y a ll t he ir e ne rg y a s h ea t a nd l ig ht , t o a dv an ce d ey i el d e xp l os iv e p ow e rs s im i la r t o c on v en t io na l h i gh e x pl o si v es .

B ac ke rs o f t he o ff ic ia l a cc ou nt o f 9 /1 1, i nc lu di ng N IS T o ff ic ia ls , h av e d is mi ss ed e vi de nc e t ha t a lu mi no th er mi cs w er e u se d t o d es trthermite's s low reaction rate makes it an uns uitable tool for demolis hing buildings . Des pite repeated reques ts by s cientis ts and rea lu m in o th er m ic c om p os i te s w it h h i gh e x pl o si v e p o we r, o f fi c ia l s h av e r e fu se d t o a ck n ow l ed ge s uc h m at e ri a ls .

Composition

2 Al + Fe2O3 → A l2 O3 + 2 F e T he c an on ic al t he rm it e r ea ct io n i s s im pl e, l ac ks t he a ro ma ti c h yd ro ca rb on s a nd n it ro ge n f ou nd i n c om os t f am il ia r a lu mi no th er mi c m at er ia l i s t he rm it e, a m ix tu re o f a p ow de re d m et al li c f ue l s uc h a s a lu mi nu m, a nd a p ow de re d o xi de or ea ct io n i nv ol ve s t he t ra ns fe r o f o xy ge n f r om t he o xi di ze r ( me ta l o xi de ) t o t he f u el ( m et al ) .

B ec aus e ox yg en a to ms b ind m or e t igh tl y t o al um inu m at oms t ha n t o i ron o r cop pe r a to ms, t he r eact ion re lease s la rge am ou nts o f




primitive thermite preparations releas e mos t of their energy as heat, modern preparations , s uch as found in munitions employed bmix of heat and pres s ure through an accelerated but controlled reaction rate and the addition of pres s ure-generating compounds

A BO VE : R el at io ns hi p o f p ar ti cl e s iz e t o r ea ct io n r at e i n t he rm it es B EL OW : G en er al r el at io ns hi p o f r ea ct io n r at e t o t he f or m o f e neh i gh e x pl o si v es R e ac t io n R a te

T he r ea ct io n r at e o f a t he rm it ic m at er ia l d et er mi ne s h ow q ui ck ly i ts a lu mi nu m a to ms f in d o xi di ze r m ol ec ul es t o r ea ct w it h, a nd t he re ne rg y d en si ty o f a n e xp lo si ve i s d et er mi ne d b y i ts c he mi st ry , i ts p ow er d en si ty i s d et er mi ne d b y i ts r ea ct io n r at e, w hi ch , i n t he c ac ha ra ct er is ti cs . S pe ci fi ca ll y, t he r ea ct io n r at e i nc re as es w it h t he f in en es s o f t he m et al a nd o xi de p ow de rs a nd t he u ni fo rm it y w it h w

B ec au se t he p ar ti cl e s iz es o f t he r ea ct an ts m us t b e v er y s ma ll t o a tt ai n r ap id r ea ct io n r at es , s uc h t he rm it es a re o ft en r ef er re d t o a sh av e p ar ti cl e d ia me te rs o n t he o rd er o f a f ew h un dr ed n an om et er s, r eq ui ri ng t he ir s yn th es is b y s pe ci al m et ho ds . T he r ea ct io n r at emater ial . Wh ereas a cup o f conven tio nal ther mi te will mel t a hol e cl ear thr oug h a car's en gin e bl ock, the same qu anti ty of a nan o- th

Nano-thermite compos ite explos ives typically embed the metal and oxide particles within a matrix containing compounds of carboe le me nt s g en er at e h ig h g as p re ss ur es u po n e xp os ur e t o t he t he rm it e r ea ct io n, w hi ch m ay b e i ns tr um en ta l i n i mp ar ti ng h ig h- ex pl os

E n er g y D e ns i ty a n d P o we r D e ns i ty

mat er ial ene rgy d en sit y b y ma ss: M J/ KG b y vo lum e: M J/ L a lu mi not he rmi c in ce nd ia ri es T her mi te (A l + F e2 O3) 4. 13 18 .4 0 C op per TT NT ( Tr in it ro to lu en e) 4 .6 1 6 .9 2 I n t er ms o f e ne rg y d en si ty , t he rm it e i s r ou gh ly c om pa ra bl e t o T NT , p ac ki ng s li gh tl y l es s e ne rg y pu ni t o f v ol um e. I n t er ms o f p ow er d en si ty , t he rm it ic p re pa ra ti on s r an ge a cr os s a w id e s pe ct ru m, w ho se u pp er e nd a pp ea rs t o b e c o

B ec au se t her mi tes h av e h ist or ic al ly h ad m uc h l owe r p owe r d en si ti es t han co nve nt io na l h ig h e xp los ive s, t hey ar e c lass if ied a s i nc been exploited to conceal the us e of aluminothermics in the World Trade C enter attack. Des pite the fact that high-tech aluminothet he m id -1 99 0s o r e ar li er , m et ho ds o f i de nt if yi ng e xp lo si ve r es id ue s a t c ri me s ce ne s a re f re qu en tl y l im it ed t o a na ly si s o f n it ro -a ro ma

E n e r ge t i c N a n o co m p o si t e s

T he t er m ' na no -t he rm it e' a pp li ed t o t he u ni gn it ed t he rm it ic m at er ia l d is co ve re d i n W or ld T ra de C en te r d us t i s p ot en ti al ly m is le ad is op hi st ic at io n o f t hi s m at er ia l o r i ts k no wn a na lo gs . P er ha ps a b et te r t er m i s e ne rg et ic n an oc om po si te s, a c la ss o f m at er ia ls t ha t h as pa n ni n g p r op el l an t s, a r mo r -p i er c in g m u ni t io n s, a n d r e ac t iv e a r mo r . I n t h ei r d i ve r se r o le s, e ne r ge t ic n a no co m po s it e s f u lf i ll a r a ngm ec ha ni ca l p ro pe rt ie s, l ow s en si ti ve ne ss , g oo d s ta bi li ty , l ow c os t, e as e o f m an uf ac tu ri ng , a nd e nv ir on me nt al a cc ep ta bi li ty ." 4 ] Ta dv an ce d a lu mi no t he rm i c m at er i al s h av e l ea rn ed t o e mb ed t h e f in e p ow de rs i n a c ar b on - a nd s il ic on - ri c h m at r ix . K ev i n R y an e xp la i

T he m ix in g o f u lt ra f in e g ra in ( UF G) a lu mi nu m a nd U FG m et al o xi de s] i s a cc om pl is he d b y a dd in g t he se r ea ct an ts t o a l iq ui d s ol ut ia dd in g a g el li ng a ge nt t ha t c ap tu re s t he se t in y r ea ct iv e c om bi na ti on s i n t he ir i nt im at el y m ix ed s ta te ( LL NL 2 00 0) . T he r es ul ti ng " sc an b e i gn it ed i n a n um be r o f w ay s. 5 ]

G ra ph ic f ro m a D TI C ( De fe ns e T ec hn ic al I nf or ma ti on C en te r) R ev ie w p ub li ca ti on o n a dv an ce d e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls . E ne rg et ic m at ea re a o f r es ea rc h i n t he U S n at io na l l ab s s in ce t he m id -1 99 0s o r e ar li er , i nc lu di ng u nd er t he a us pi ce s o f N IS T i ts el f - - a f ac t d oc um eT he T op T en C o nn ec ti on s B et we en N IS T a nd N an o- T he rm it es . A ls o c al le d " me ta st ab le i nt er mo le cu la r c om po si te s" , " na no -s tr ucm at er ia ls h av e b ee n t he s ub je ct o f n um er ou s c on fe re nc es , r es ea rc h p ap er s, a nd p at en ts i n t he p as t t wo d ec ad es . 6 ] 7 ] 8 ] 9 ] 1 0] 1 1]m et ho ds o f r el ia bl y i gn it in g s uc h m at er ia ls w it h m in ut e l ow -p ow er d ev ic es d es cr ib ed a s M EM S ( mi cr oe le ct ro me ch an ic al s ys te ms )ci rcu it s. 1 2] 1 3] 1 4] 1 5] 1 6] 1 7] 1 8] I t r equ ir es l it tl e i ma gi na ti on t o g ra sp h ow su ch t ech ni qu es c ou ld b e ex pl oi te d t o i mp le men t a c o

A lu mi n ot h er mi c s a t t h e W T C

T he di sco ve ry o f u ne xpl od ed s up er -t he rm it e i n t he W TC d ust au gme nt s a l ar ge b od y of e vi den ce po in ti ng t o t he u se o f al umi no t pres ent review looks only at the evidence of explos ives found in the dus t and debris expelled from the Twin Towers .

E ve n b ef or e W TC d us t w as s ub je ct ed t o t he k in d o f m ic ro sc op ic s cr ut in y d es cr ib ed i n A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l D is co ve re d, s ev pointed to the us e of aluminothermics . For example, the USGS data s hows high levels of barium -- a fact that is difficult to explain,al um in um in t he du st - - e ach r an gi ng f rom 1 .3 t o 4 .1 per ce nt of th e du st sa mp le s b y wei ght -- al so ap pe ar s ano ma lo us , al th ou gh pr

A l um i n ot h er m i c R e s id u es : I r o n- R i ch S p h er o i ds

M icr o-sp her oid al par ti cle s i n W TC du st co nsi sti ng m ost ly o f i ro n wer e doc ume nt ed in a t lea st tw o scie nt if ic r ep or ts b y 2 00 5: a coo f a s ky sc ra pe r a dj ac en t t o t he W or ld T ra de C en te r c om pl ex t ha t s us ta in ed h ea vy d am ag e i n t he a tt ac k. 1 9]

T wo i ma ge s o f i ro n- ri ch s ph er oi ds f ro m t he U SG S P ar ti cl e A tl as o f W or ld T ra de C en te r D us t. 2 0] I ll ust ra ti on f ro m a d am ag e a ss es

s ky sc ra pe r s ev er el y d am ag ed b y p ro je ct il es f ro m t he S ou th T ow er . T he r ep or t w as c om mi ss io ne d, i n p ar t, t o d et er mi ne t he n at ur es la te d f or d em ol it io n. A lt ho ug h i t m ay b e o ve rl oo ke d, t he s ig ni fi ca nc e o f t he se n ea rl y m ic ro sc op ic i ro n- ri ch d ro pl et s i s n ot d if fi cu l

products of the thermite reaction, the other being aluminum oxide, which tends to dis s ipate as an aeros ol. The molten iron condeno f t h e t h er m it e 's r e ac t io n r a te . F a st - ac t in g s u pe r -t h er m it e s p r od u ce t i ny d r op l et s t h at b e co m e v e ry n e ar l y s p he r ic a l d u e t o s u rf a ce




The ines capable f act is that thes e spheroidal dr oplets in the WTC dus t look exactly like the products of the combustion of nano- ts u bs t an t ia l c on c en t ra t io n s in d i ve r se s am p le s of d u st f r om t h e d a y o f t he a t ta c k w e ig h s h e av i l y a g ai n st t h eo r ie s t ha t t he y w er e g ed es tr uc ti on . E le me nt al a na ly si s o f t he se d ro pl et s d es cr ib ed b el ow w ou ld s ho w t ha t t he y a re d ea d r in ge rs f or k no wn a lu mi no th er m

I n a 2 00 7 p ap er , S te ve n J on es d es cr ib ed t he i mp or ta nc e o f t he i ro n- ri ch m ic ro sp he re s. 2 1]

Dr . S tev en E . Jo ne s de scr ib in g m ol ten me tal s een at Gr ou nd Z er o. A s usu al , w e sea rch f or po ssi ble pr osai c ex pla na tio ns fo r t he se pos s ible s ource is the melting of large quantities of s teel in the buildings followed s omehow by formation of tiny droplets of molta bo ut 1 53 8º C ( 28 00 ºF ) – a nd t he t em pe ra tu re s i n t he b ui ld in gs w er e n o w he re n ea r s ic ] h ot e no ug h t o m el t s te el , a nd c er ta in ly n ot

d us t ( an d p ou ri ng o ut o f t he S ou th T ow er b ef or e c ol la ps e) . F ur th er mo re , w e h av e l oo ke d a t t he c he mi ca l c om po si ti on s o f a n um bco mp osi ti on s ar e no t t he sam e at a ll . I t sh ou ld no t b e sur pr isin g, ho we ver , as we an al yze mo re sp her ul es t o f in d so me t hat a re st eecharges were in fact us ed to cut through s teel. We s hould then find both s teel- and thermite-res idue s pherules .

C ou ld t hese dr op let s b e d ue t o mo lten a lu mi nu m al loy ( fr om t he j et s) st rik ing r ust y st eel and /or o ther of fic e mat er ial s t o som eh owex per im en ts wi th mo lt en al um inu m po ur ed on to r us ty st eel , t he n o nt o c rus he d g yp su m a nd co ncr et e ( on t he r ust y s tee l) – an d ob ss ig n o f v ig or ou s c he mi ca l r e a ct io ns . A ft er a dd re ss in g a rg um en ts t ha t t h e i ro n- ri ch d ro pl et s c ou ld h av e b e en p ro du ce d b y t he r ub bcollected too early and were too dis tant from the s ite to have been thus contaminated -- J ones makes a rough es timate of the totalt he f ra ct io n o f t he d us t c om pr is in g t he i ro n- ri ch s ph er es .

O ne c an e st im at e t he i mp li ed a mo un t o f t he rm it e n ee de d t o g en er at e s o m an y i ro n- ri ch s ph er es i n t he W TC d us t. I n a s am pl e o f 3 2t wo m et al li c- lo ok in g s ph er es , i n a dd it io n t o t he m ic ro n- si ze d s ph er ul es c ol le ct ed u si ng a m ag ne t. T he m m- si ze s ph er es p ro ve d t o bsph er es (0 .0 12 g) f oun d in t hi s samp le c an be use d to p rovi de a cr ude est im at e of t he f ract ion o f i ro n- ri ch sph er es in t he d ust : 0. 01 2

3 0, 00 0 t on s, t he n t he i ro n- ri ch s ph er ul e c on te nt w ou ld b e o f t he o rd er o f t en t on s. T hi s i s a v er y r ou gh e st im at e b as ed o n o ne s maa mo un t o f t he rm it e- ty pe r ea ct an ts a nd p ro du ct s w hi ch m ay b e i nv ol ve d h er e. A n i nv es ti ga ti on w el l b ey on d t he s co pe o f t hi s p ap e

powders (and s ulfur) in multi-ton-quantities prior to 9/11/2001. A paper publis hed a year earlier than Active Thermitic Material Diha d i ro n- to- ox yg en r at io s i nd ic at in g a bu nd an t e lem en tal i ro n, su ch as f ou nd i n th er mi te r esi du es. I t al so p oi nt ed ou t sev er al o th ert em pe ra tu re s f ar a bo ve w ha t c ou ld b e p ro du ce d b y f ir es b ur ni ng j et f ue l a nd o ff ic e c on te nt s, i nc lu di ng : i ro n- ri ch a nd s il ic at e s ph erm at er i al s w i th a " S wi ss - ch ee se a p pe ar a nc e" . 2 2] M o ly bd en u m h as a v e ry h i gh m e lt i ng p o in t o f 2 6 17 ºC .

Unignited Aluminothermics : B i-Layered C hips

I f f in di ng a lu mi no th er mi c r es id ue s i n t he f or m o f s ph er oi da l m ic ro -d ro pl et s w as l ik e f in di ng f ir ed b ul le ts a t a c ri me s ce ne , t he n t heD is co ve re d a re l ik e f in di ng t he g un l oa de d w it h s ev er al r ou nd s o f u ns pe nt a mm un it io n t ha t m at ch t he f ir ed b ul le ts .

F i g. 2 f r om A ct iv e T h er mi t ic M at e ri a l D i sc ov er ed s ho wi n g c hi p s f r om t he f ou r d i ff er e nt d us t s am p le s.

M ap o f L ow er M an ha tt an s ho wi ng l oc at io ns o f t he f ou r s am pl es ( bl ue p oi nt s) a nd t he T wi n T ow er s ( re d p oi nt s) . F ir st d es cr ib ed bt he d us t s am pl es h ad r ed a nd g ra y l ay er s, w er e w ea kl y a tt ra ct ed t o a m ag ne t, a nd w er e c om po se d m os tl y o f i ro n, o xy ge n, a lu mi nus ub se qu en tl y s ub je ct ed t he c hi ps t o d et ai le d a na ly si s u si ng s ca nn in g e le ct ro n m ic ro sc op y ( SE M) , X -r ay e ne rg y- di sp er si ve s pe ct r( D SC ) , a nd p ub l is he d t h ei r r e su l ts i n t h e O pe n C h em i ca l P h ys i cs J ou r na l.

P r ov e na n ce o f t h e S a mp l es

T he p ap er 's f in di ng s a re b as ed p ri ma ri ly o n t he a na ly si s o f p ar ti cl es d er iv ed f ro m f ou r s ep ar at e s am pl es o f d us t g en er at ed b y t he provenance the paper des cribes in detail. Each of the s amples was collected by a different individual who has des cribed the time,Each individual collected dust that had s ettled directly after the fall of one of the Twin Towers, with the one exception, Janette Ma pa rt me nt a w ee k a ft er i t w as c ar pe te d w it h s ho ve l- fu ll s o f d us t a nd d eb ri s f ro m t he S ou th T ow er .

P hy si ca l S tr uc tu re o f t he C hi ps

C hi ps h av in g d is ti nc ti ve a nd s im il ar p hy si ca l f ea tu re s w er e f ou nd i n a ll f ou r o f t he d us t s am pl es , r an gi ng i n l en gt h f ro m f ro m a bo ua r ed l ay er a nd a l ig ht er g ra y l ay er , w he re e ac h l ay er i s b et we en r ou gh ly 1 0 a nd 1 00 m ic ro ns i n t hi ck ne ss . D es pi te t he ir s ma ll s iz e,their flat s hapes , dis tinctive color, and layered s tructure. The chips are tough des pite being as thin as eggs hells .

P or ti on s o f F ig . 4 a nd F ig . 5 : T wo s ca nn in g e le ct ro n m ic ro sc op e i ma ge s o f b i- la ye re d c hi ps . M ag ni fi ca ti on r ev ea ls t ha t t he g ra y l aw he re as t h e r e d l a ye rs h av e s ma l l p ar t ic le s e mb e dd ed i n a m at r ix o f s li g ht l y t r an sl u ce nt m a te r ia l.

F ig . 9 , s ho wi ng a h ig hl y m ag ni fi ed v ie w o f t he r ed l ay er . N ot e t he h ex ag on al p la te -l ik e p ar ti cl es , a nd t he s ma ll er f ac et ed p ar ti cl es ,m ag ni fi ca ti on o f 5 0, 00 0 t he s tr uc tu re o f t he t wo t yp es o f p ar ti cl es i s c le ar : s ma ll b ri gh t p ar ti cl es h av in g a f ac et ed s ha pe a nd m ea sua f la t a nd o ft en h ex ag on al s ha pe a nd m ea su ri ng a bo ut 1 00 0 n m a cr os s a nd 4 0 n m t hi ck .

T he p ar ti cl es a re h el d i n p la ce a nd i n c lo se p ro xi mi ty t o e ac h o th er b y t he p or ou s m at ri x. S oa ki ng t he c hi ps i n m et hy l e th yl k et on es we l l w h il e r e ma i ni n g i n ta c t.

U p t o t hi s p oi nt , I h av e r ev ie we d o nl y c ha ra ct er is ti cs o f t he c hi ps r ev ea le d b y m ac ro - a nd m ic ro -s co pi c v is ua l e xa mi na ti on , b ut a lrn an o- e ng i ne er e d m at e ri a l w it h t wo t y pe s o f e xt r em e ly s ma ll p ar t ic le s, e ac h h i gh l y c on si s te nt i n s ha pe a nd s i ze , h e ld i n c lo se s t ab le




h ar d h om og en eo us m at er ia l. T he s tu de nt o f e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls w il l a pp re ci at e t ha t t hi s d es cr ip ti on m at ch es e xa ct ly t ha t o f a s up ea s ol -g el m at ri x a pp li ed t o a s ub st ra te .

C he mi ca l C om po si ti on o f t he C h ip s

C he mi ca l a na ly si s o f t he c hi ps r el ie d p ri ma ri ly o n p er fo rm in g e le me nt al a na ly si s o f t he m at er ia ls a nd t he ir c om po ne nt s u si ng X EDc om po si ti on b as ed o n t he d is tr ib ut io ns o f e le me nt s i n d if fe re nt s tr uc tu re s. T he p ap er f ir st e xa mi ne s t he g ra y a nd r ed l ay er s, a nd t

X ED S s pe ct ra o f r ed a nd g ra y l ay er s s ho ws a r em ar ka bl e s im il ar it y a cr os s t he d if fe re nt s am pl es .

F ig . 7 : " XE DS s pe ct ra o bt ai ne d f ro m t he g ra y l ay er s f ro m e ac h o f t he f ou r W TC d us t sa mp le s . .. " F ig . 6 : " XE DS sp ec tr a o bt ai ned fs am pl es . .. " W he re as t he g ra y l ay er s c on ta in m os tl y i ro n a nd o xy ge n, t he r ed l ay er s h av e a bu nd an t a lu mi nu m a s w el l, a nd t he t hr eA l t he rm i te . T hu s, t he r e d l ay er s c ou l d b e a ct i ve t he rm it i c m at er ia l, d ep en di ng o n t he ir m ol ec ul a r c om po si ti on . I f a ct iv e, t he m at er iaunbound to oxygen or s ilicon.

T he au th or s sh ow t hat th e al um in um i s i nd eed m ost ly i n a p ur e m et al li c f or m, an d th at m uc h of th e ox yg en i s bo und to t he i ro n. Ta na ly si s o f t he c om po ne nt s o f t he r ed l ay er s: t he t hi n h ex ag on al p la te s, f ac et ed g ra in s, a nd e mb ed di ng m at ri x r ev ea le d b y m ic ro sc

P er fo rm in g a cc ur at e e le me nt al a na ly si s o f t he r ed l ay er c om po ne nt s w ou ld r eq ui re s om e i ng en ui ty . B ec au se t he X ED S m ac hi ne s ti nf or ma ti on a bo ut i ts e le me nt al c om po si ti on , i t c an b e u se d t o g en er at e m ap s o f t he a bu nd an ce o f d if fe re nt e le me nt s o ve r t he s ur fa re s li gh tl y s ma ll er t ha n w ha t c an b e r es ol ve d b y X ED S.

Fig. 10, showing the B SE image and accompanying XEDS maps for Fe, Al, O, Si, and C of a portion of an untreated red layer. Nont he m uc h h ig he r- re so lu ti on S EM i ma ge s o f t he c or re sp on di ng p or ti on s o f t he s am pl e m ak es c le ar t ha t t he f ac et ed g ra in s a re a bu ni n a lu mi nu m. A ls o, a lt ho ug h t he d is tr ib ut io n o f p ar ti cl es i n t he m at ri x i s p re ci se ly h om og en eo us o ve ra ll , t he re a re l oc al c lu mp s o ff oc us ed o n t hes e cl ump s t he X EDS de tec to r r eg ist er s h igh er co nce nt rat io ns o f t he c on st it ue nt s o f i ron ox ide a nd of e le men ta l a lu

T o o bt ai n m or e p re ci se m ea su re me nt s o f t he e le me nt al c om po si ti on s o f t he r ed l ay er c om po ne nt s u si ng X ED S, t ho se c om po ne ntc ou ld b e f oc us ed e nt ir el y o n o ne c om po ne nt a t a t im e. P er ha ps t he p or ou s m at ri x c ou ld b e d is so lv ed , a ll ow in g t he p ar ti cl es t o b ed is co ve re d s er en di pi to us ly i n a n e ar li er e xp er im en t t o s ee i f t he c hi ps d is so lv ed i n t he p ai nt -d is so lv in g s ol ve nt m et hy l e th yl k ey tof iv e w hi le l ea vi ng t he l ay er i nt ac t, a ll ow in g i n- si tu e xa mi na ti on . W he n t he c hi ps w er e s oa ke d i n M EK w it h p er io di c a gi ta ti on f or 5attached to their res pective gray layers , and the thin plates tended to migrate and aggregate. B ecaus e of thes e s tructural changesm uc h m o re a cc u ra te X E DS m ea su r em en t s o f t h e e l em e nt a l c om p os i ti o ns o f t h e r e d l a ye r s' c om p on e nt s .

F ig . 1 5, sh ow in g t he B SE i ma ge a nd ac co mp an yi ng X ED S m ap s o f F e, Al , O , S i, a nd C f or a r ed -l ay er s am pl e so ak ed i n M EK . XE

m or e c le ar ly t ha n t he u nt re at ed m at er ia l. I n p ar ti cu la r, o xy ge n i s h ig hl y c or re la te d, i nd iv id ua ll y, t o i ro n, s il ic on , a nd c ar bo n. A lu mi

E ve n m or e s tr ik in g a re t he X ED S s pe ct ra f ou nd b y z oo mi ng i n o n a re as h av in g h ig h c on ce nt ra ti on s o f p ar ti cu la r e le me nt s. T he t hele ctr on b eam on ar eas wi th : fi rst, h ig h si lico n; sec ond , hi gh al umi nu m; an d th ir d, h ig h i ron . Th e ar ea of hi gh sil icon i s co mpo seda lu mi nu m h as a lu mi nu m f ar o ut o f p ro po rt io n w it h t he o th er e le me nt s, a nd t he a re a o f h ig h i ro n i s r ic h i n o xy ge n, w he re t he o xy gethermite oxidizer Fe2O3.

A coll age of Fi gs. 16, 17, and 1 8, whose capt ions read, in t he or der of the b ack - t o f ron t-m ost gr aphs: "XEDS spectru m f rom a sili ctr eated r ed mat eri al" " XEDS spectr um ob tain ed at 10 kV fr om a p rob e of the regi on of hi gh al umi num con cen tr atio n on the M EK- s

probe of the region of high iron concentration on the MEK-s oaked red chip acquired with a 15 kV beam", res pectively. The authoa na ly si s o f c om po ne nt s o f t he r ed l ay er s: t he a lu mi nu m- ri ch p ar ti cl es a re m os tl y e le me nt al a lu mi nu m, w it h t he r el at iv el y s ma ll q uat he p ar ti cl es ' s ur fa ce s; t he i ro n- ri ch p ar ti cl es a re p ri ma ri ly o xy ge n a nd i ro n, p ro ba bl y i n t he f or m o f t he o xi di ze r F e2 O3 w hi ch m at ct he m at ri x i s c om po se d a lm os t e nt ir el y o f s il ic on , o xy ge n, a nd c ar bo n, w he re m os t o f t he c ar bo n w as w as he d a wa y b y t he M EK . Td e te c te d b y X E DS a n al y si s .

G iv en t he d at a i n A ct i ve T h er m it i c M a te r ia l D is co ve r ed I s um m ar i ze t he c om po si t io n o f t h e c hi p s a s f o ll o ws :

g ra y l ay er : a h ar d h om og en eo us c er am ic c om po si ti on : i ro n a nd o xy ge n r ed l ay er : a n e ng in ee re d n an o- co mp os it e s ub st an ce , c om pm at er ia l c om po si ti on : s il ic on , o xy ge n, a nd c ar bo n p ar ti cl es : h om og en eo us ly e mb ed de d i n t he m at ri x a nd c on si st in g o f: t hi n p re do~ 10 00 nm d ia met er co mp os it io n: m ost ly al um in um , w it h s mal l a mou nt s o f ca rbo n an d o xy ge n r ho mb ic f ac et ed g ra in s d im en si on s: ~

probably as Fe2O3, with s mall amounts of s ilicon, s ulfur, and carbon Thermal B ehavior of the C hips

T h e st r uc t ur a l an d c he m ic a l an a ly s is o f t he c h ip s s ho w s th a t, i n e ve r y re l ev a nt a s pe c t, t h ey f i t th e d es c ri p ti o n of a n e ng i ne e re d t hq ue s ti o n: d o t h e c h ip s h a ve t h e t h er m al c h ar a ct e ri s ti c s o f a n e x pl o si v e a lu m in o th e rm i c m a te r ia l?

Although it might be difficult or impossible to measure the explosive power of the chips, given their minute size, it is possible tot he ir e ne rg y d en si ty u si ng a d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et er ( DS C) , a d ev ic e t ha t g ra du al ly i nc re as es t he t em pe ra tu re o f a s am pl ef u n ct i o n o f t e m pe r a tu r e .

Fi g. 19 co mpa res th e D SC tr aces of a chi p fr om ea ch o f t he fo ur sam pl es. A DS C t race i s a n ap pr ox im ate gr aph o f ener gy d ensi tyin dic at in g t he r ate a t wh ich t he s amp le's m at er ial abs or bs o r e mi ts th er mal e ne rgy . DS C t ra ces o f e ner get ic ma te ria ls su ch a s i nce




r em ai ns n ea r z er o u p t o a c er ta in t em pe ra tu re r an ge - - t he i gn it io n t em pe ra tu re - - a nd t he re af te r s pi ke s s ha rp ly u pw ar d. T he e ne rgthe area under the curve.

C hi ps f ro m e ac h o f t he f ou r s am pl es , w he n s ub je ct ed t o t he rm al a na ly si s u si ng t he D SC , c le ar ly s ho w t he e xo th er mi c b eh av io r o fg ra ph s v ar y s ig ni fi ca nt ly f ro m o ne c hi p t o t he n ex t. T he a ut ho rs a tt ri bu te t hi s v ar ia ti on t o t he f ac t t ha t t he c hi ps h ad d if fe re nt r at io

B ased on th e DS C anal ysis, the aut hor s esti mate th e ener gy densi ty of th e f our chi ps at 1. 5, 3, 6, and 7 .5 kJ/g , r especti vel y. Th is coof s lightly less than 4 kJ/g. In a final section of the paper under scoring the need for f ur ther research into the red- gr ay chips, the ae ne rg y c on te nt o f t he r ed -l ay er m at er ia l: p er ha ps e le me nt s i n t he p or ou s m at ri x, s uc h a s o xy ge n, c ar bo n, a nd h yd ro ge n, c on tr ib ut

F ig . 2 9, l ab el ed " DS C t ra ce o f s am pl e 1 ( bl ue l in e) c om pa re d w it h D SC o f x er og el F e2 O3 /U FG A l n an oc om po si te ( fr om T il lo ts on e tt em pe ra tu re s b el ow 5 60 ºC ". A c om pa ri so n o f D SC t ra ce s o f t he r ed -g ra y c hi ps t o a p ub li sh ed D SC t ra ce f ro m a n x er og el /n an o- th em or e e ne r ge t ic a nd t o h a ve a l o we r i gn i ti o n t em p er a tu r e.

Ignition R es idue Analys is

B e ca u se D S C p ro c es s in g c a us e s th e c h ip s t o i gn i te , t h e in v es t ig a to r s st u di e d t he r e si d ue s a nd f o u nd , n o t su r pr i si n gl y , m in u te i r os ub je ct ed t o X ED S a na ly si s, t he i ro n- ri ch s ph er oi ds s ho we d i ro n f ar i n e xc es s o f o xy ge n, a s e xp ec te d i n a n a lu mi no th er mi c r es id u

T he p ap er c on ta in s t he f ol lo wi ng m ic ro gr ap hs a nd c or re sp on di ng X ED S s pe ct ra o f s ph er oi ds f ro m t hr ee d if fe re nt s ou rc es : r esi du et he i gn it io n o f t he r ed -g ra y c hi ps , a nd W or ld T ra de C en te r d us t.

F ig . 2 4: " Sp he r es f o rm ed d ur i ng i gn i ti on o f c om me rc ia l t he r mi te , w it h c or re sp on di ng t y pi ca l X DS s pe ct r um "F ig . 2 5: " Sp he r es f o rm ed d ur i ng i g ni ti o n o f r ed / gr ay c hi p i n D SC , w it h c or r es po n di ng t y pi ca l X E DS s pe ct r um . .. "

F ig . 2 7 a nd 2 8: " Sp he re s e xt ra ct ed f ro m W TC d us t" a nd " XE DS s pe ct ru m f ro m a s ph er e f ou nd i n t he W TC d us t" C on cl us io ns

I h op e t ha t m y r ev ie w o f A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l D is co ve re d, b ei ng s um ma ry a nd s om ew ha t i nt er pr et iv e, w il l s er ve a s e nc ou ra gg o, i s r em ar ka bl y a cc es si bl e. T he p ap er 's c on cl us io ns - - a c le ar a nd c og en t s um ma ry o f t he r es ul ts - - a re r ep ro du ce d h er e i n t he ir e

W e h av e d is co ve re d d is ti nc ti ve r e d/ gr ay c hi ps i n s ig ni fi ca nt n u mb er s i n d us t a ss oc ia te d w it h t he W o rl d T ra de C e nt er d es tr uc ti on .c ha ra ct er iz e t he s ma ll -s ca le s tr uc tu re a nd c he mi ca l s ig na tu re o f t he se c hi ps , e sp ec ia ll y o f t he ir r ed c om po ne nt . T he r ed m at er ia l i s

I t i s c om po se d o f i nt im at el y m ix ed a lu mi nu m, i ro n, o xy ge n, s il ic on a nd c ar bo n. L es se r a mo un ts o f o th er p ot en ti al ly r ea ct iv e e le me

barium, lead and copper. 4,6] The primary elements (Al, Fe, O, Si, C ) are typically all pres ent in particles at the s cale of tens to huni nt im at e m ix in g. O n t re at me nt w it h m et hy l- et hy l k et on e s ol ve nt , s om e s eg re ga ti on o f c om po ne nt s w as o bs er ve d. E le me nt al a lu mi ni de nt i fi ed i n t h e p r e- i gn it i on m at er i al . I r on o xi d e a pp ea r s i n f a ce te d g ra i ns r o ug hl y 1 00 n m a cr o ss w he re as t h e a lu m in um a pp ea r s i n

particles qualifies the material to be characterized as nano-thermite or s uper-thermite. Analys is s hows that iron and oxygen are prea ll f ou r W TC d us t s am pl es w as s im il ar i n t hi s w ay . I ro n o xi de w as f ou nd i n t he p re -i gn it io n m at er ia l w he re as e le me nt al i ro n w as n ooxi de i n t he r ed mat eri al , we c oncl ud e t hat i t co nta in s t he i ng redi ent s of th erm it e. As measu red u sing DS C, t he m at eri al i gni tes an d4 30 ºC , w it h a r at he r n ar ro w e xo th er m, m at ch in g f ai rl y c lo se ly a n i nd ep en de nt o bs er va ti on o n a k no wn s up er -t he rm it e s am pl e. T heg ra in s l es s t ha n 1 20 n m s ho w t ha t t he m at er ia l i s n ot c on ve nt io na l t he rm it e ( wh ic h i gn it es a t t em pe ra tu re s a bo ve 9 00 ºC ) b ut v er y l ir ed /g ra y c hi ps i n a d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et er r un t o 7 00 ºC , w e f ou nd n um er ou s i ro n- ri ch s ph er es a nd s ph er oi ds i n t he r es idoc cu rr ed , si nce t he i ron -r ich p ro du ct cl ea rly mu st ha ve b ee n m ol ten t o f or m t he se sh ap es. I n se ve ral sp he re s, el em en tal i ro n w as vox yg en co nte nt . W e co ncl ud e t hat a h igh -t emp er at ur e r ed uc ti on -o xi da ti on r ea ct io n ha s o cc ur re d in t he h ea ted ch ips , n ame ly, t het es ts a nd b y t he f la me t est h av e a n X ED S s ig na tu re ( Al , F e, O , S i, C ) w hi ch i s d ep le te d i n c ar bo n a nd a lu mi nu m r el at iv e t o t he o ri gim at ch es t he c he mi ca l s ig na tu re o f t he s ph er oi ds p ro du ce d b y i gn it in g c om me rc ia l t he rm it e, a nd o f m an y o f t he m ic ro -s ph er es f ou

s ub st an ce i n t he r ed m at er ia l i s e xp ec te d f or s up er -t he rm it e f or mu la ti on s i n o rd er t o p ro du ce h ig h g as p re ss ur es u po n i gn it io n a ndm at er ia l i n t he se c hi ps m er it s f ur th er e xp lo ra ti on . W e n ot e t ha t i t i s l ik el y a ls o a n e ne rg et ic m at er ia l, i n t ha t t he t ot al e ne rg y r el ea sem ax im um e ne rg y o f t he c la ss ic t h er mi t e r e ac ti on . D is cu ss io n

T he i mp li ca ti on s o f t he d is co ve ry o f u ns pe nt a lu mi no th er mi c e xp lo si ve s a nd m at ch in g r es id ue s i n W or ld T ra de C en te r d us t a re s th av e b ee n t on s o f h ig h e xp lo si ve s i n t he T ow er s e xc ep t t o d em ol is h t he m, a nd d em ol it io n i s b la ta nt ly i nc om pa ti bl e w it h t he o ff ic io f t he j et l in er i m pa ct s a n d f i re s.

T h e d i s co v e r y o f a c t iv e t h e r m it i c m a t e ri a l s a d d s t o a v a st b o d y o f e v i d e n ce t h a t t h e t o t a l d e st r u c t io n o f t h e T o w e r s w er e c o n t r o lli nd i ca ti n g t he u se o f a lu mi n ot h er mi c m at er i al s t o i m pl em en t t h os e d em ol i ti o ns .

T ha t d is co ve ry a ls o u nd er mi ne s t he o ft -h ea rd c la im t ha t n o e xp lo si ve s r es id ue s w er e f ou nd , a c la im t ha t w as n ev er c om pe ll in g, g il o ok e d f o r e v id e nc e o f e x pl o si v e r e si d ue s o f a n y k i nd . W o rs e , t h e p u bl i c r e co r d s h ow s t h at N I ST n o t o n ly f a il e d t o l o ok f o r s u chr e se a rc h er s t o e x am i ne n u me r ou s f a ct s i n di c at i ng e x pl o si v es a n d i n ce n di a ri e s .

I e xp ec t t ha t c ol la ps e t he or y d ef en de rs w il l d is mi ss t he d is co ve ry o f a ct iv e t he rm it ic m at er ia l i n t he s am e w ay t ha t t he y d is mi ss edc o nt a mi n at e d a n d/ o r t h at th e re ar e o t he r e x pl a na t io n s f o r t h e o r ig i n o f t h es e a r ti f ac t s t h an py r ot e ch n ic s i n t h e W T C T o we r s. "D ef ly a sh r es id ue s e mb ed de d i n t he T ow er s' c on cr et e, i gn or in g t ha t t he i ro n c on st it ue nt s i n f ly a sh a re o xi de s r at he r t ha n e le me nt al i r




w ho se r ed l ay er s h av e i ro n o xi de a nd e le me nt al a lu mi nu m i n t he r at io o f F e2 O3 t he rm it e a s n an o- si ze d p ar ti cl es o f u ni fo rm s ha pe ?

A s t he w or k o f e xp la in in g a wa y t he d ir ec t e vi de nc e o f e xp lo si ve s b ec om es m or e d au nt in g, w e w il l p ro ba bl y s ee e ve n m or e r el ia ncde mo li ti on: t ho se a ll egi ng t ha t i nsur mo un tab le ob st ac le s wo ul d f ace su ch a pr oj ect . T hr ee of t he m ost s al ien t su ch wo rka bi li ty ar g

T ha t t he s ur re pt it io us p re pa ra ti on o f t he T wi n T ow er s w as t oo p ro ne t o e xp os ur e. T ha t s et ti ng u p t he d em ol it io ns t o s ta rt f ro m t hth er mi te i s un sui tabl e as a t ool o f co nt rol led dem ol iti on. T he se ar gum en ts ha ve t aken o n t he ap pear ance of st ra w m en wi th th ei r co

being publicly s hown to be bas ed on fals e as s umptions . The 9-11R es earch FAQ on Demolition addres s ed the firs t two s tarting ins ta rt in g i n 2 00 6 b y p oi nt in g o ut t he e xi st en ce o f e xp lo si ve v ar ia nt s o f t he rm it e.

F A Q: C o nt r ol l ed D e mo l it i on W i th A l um i no t he r mi c s

W i th t h e p u bl i ca t io n o f A c ti v e T h er m it i c M a te r ia l D i sc ov e re d i t b ec o me s e ve n e as i er t o i m ag i ne p l au si b le s c en a ri o s t h at a n sw e r t he rm it es a nd t he f ea tu re s o f t he t he rm it ic f ra gm en ts d es cr ib ed i n t he p ap er , c om bi ne d w it h a s ur ve y o f m et ho ds f or t he p ro gr am mi n 2 00 1, p ro vi de s s tr ai gh tf or wa rd a ns we rs t o t he m os t f re qu en tl y- he ar d q ue st io ns a bo ut t he i mp le me nt at io n o f c on tr ol le d d em ol it iu n de r mi n e a s se r ti o ns t h at c o nt r ol l ed d e mo l it i on s u s in g a l um i no t he r mi c s w a s n o t f e as i bl e .

F ol lo wi ng a re t he t hr ee a rg um en ts l is te d a bo ve r e- ph ra se d a s q ue st io ns . I s ta rt w it h t he l as t a rg um en t, w hi ch i s a dd re ss ed i n d et ai lDis covered.

H ow C o ul d T h er mi t e, a n I n ce nd i ar y , D em ol is h t he T o we rs , W h en B u il di ng s A re N or ma ll y D em ol i sh ed U si ng H ig h- E xp lo si ve C u tt

A s i s o bv io us f ro m a r ev ie w o f t he l it er at ur e o n e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls , t he rm it e- ba se d p yr ot ec hn ic s c an b e e ng in ee re d t o h av e e xp lo s providing greater energy dens ity and much greater s tability. Thus , aluminothermic cutter charges s imilar to the s haped charges usH ow ev er , a v ar ie ty o f f or ms o f t he rm it e m ig ht b e u se d t o d em ol is h a s te el -f ra me d s ky sc ra pe r i n a w ay t ha t u se s n o c ut te r c ha rg es

pos its three types of aluminothermic pyrotechnics : a thermate incendiary coating s prayed onto s teelwork, nano-thermite kicker chc om po si te h ig h- ex pl os iv es d is tr ib ut ed t hr ou gh ou t t he b ui ld in g. T he s tr at eg ic al ly a pp li ed i nc en di ar y c oa ti ng s, i gn it ed s ev er al m ins tr uc tu re ; b ut o bv io us f ai lu re s s ta rt o nl y w he n t he k ic ke r c ha rg es b re ak k ey s up po rt s, a nd t he t hi n- fi lm h ig h- ex pl os iv es b eg in p ul v

W hy W er en 't D em ol it io n C ha rg es T ri gg er ed b y t he P la ne C r as he s o r t he S ub se qu en t F ir es ?

P er hap s th e p lan e cr ash es d id t ri gg er so me of t he ch ar ges. I f so, t he ir b las ts w er e l ost in t he j et -cr as h f ir eb al ls, an d t hei r da ma gei nc en di ar ie s i n t he c or e i gn it ed b y t he c rash wo ul d n ot be vi si bl e o ver t he f ir es, un les s d isl odg ed t o t he b ui ldi ng 's e xte ri or , a s ap p

probably was n't an is s ue becaus e, in contras t to conventional explos ives , thermite has a very high ignition temperature -- above 9zones could have been des igned to s urvive the fires . As for thermitic explos ives , they could have been des igned to detonate only

t e m p er a t u r e a n d p r e ss u r e p r o v id e d b y s p e c i al i z e d d e t on a t o r s, a n d t o d e f l a g r a te ( m e r e l y b u r n ) i n r e s po n s e t o t h e k i n d s o f p r e ss u rf ir es . A s a f ai l- sa fe , t he d em ol it io n s eq ue nc e c ou ld h av e b ee n p ro gr am me d t o b e t ri gg er ed b y p re ma tu re i gn it io ns o f p yr ot ec hn ic s.

H ow C o ul d t h e D em ol i ti o n E q ui p me nt H av e B e en I n st al l ed i n t he T w in T o we r s W i th o ut T e na nt s N ot i ci ng ?

The simple answer is by dis guis ing the equipment as normal building components, so that not even the wor kers installing the coa sp ec ts o f t he H yp ot he ti ca l B la st in g S ce na ri o t ha t f ac il it at e t hi s a re : t he s ta bi li ty a nd s pe ci fi ci ty o f i gn it io n c on di ti on s a ch ie va bl er eq ui re d a cc es s t o s te el wo rk , a nd t he u se o f a c om pl et el y w ir el es s i gn it io n c on tr ol s ys te m.

Glos s ary of Analytical Methods

A n e le ct ro n m ic ro sc op e e qu ip pe d w it h a n E DA X G EN ES IS 2 00 0 X -R ay M ic ro an al ys is S ys te m.

E DS s pe ct ru m o f a y el lo w p ai nt s am pl e, f ro m M od er nM ic ro sc op y. co m. E DS s pe ct ra a ll ow t he e as y i de nt if ic at io n o f t he m os t a bu nt o e st im at e r el at iv e q ua nt it ie s. B SE : B ac ks ca tt er ed E le ct ro n i ma gi ng A m et ho d o f S EM i ma gi ng b as ed o n t he d et ec ti on o f s ca tt er in

D SC : D if f er e nt i al S ca n ni n g C a lo r im et r y A t ec hn i qu e t h at d e te r mi n es t he d if f er en ce i n t he a mo un t o f h ea t r eq u ir e d t o i n cr e as e t he td if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et er o ut pu ts a D SC t ra ce w hi ch s ho ws t he r el at io ns hi p o f h ea t f lu x t o t em pe ra tu re , a nd t he re by e xo th e

S EM : S ca nn in g E le ct ro n M ic ro sc op y A t yp e o f e le ct ro n m ic ro sc op y i n w hi ch a b ea m o f h ig h- en er gy e le ct ro ns s ca ns t he s ur fa ce t

X ED S: X -r ay E ne rg y- Di sp er si ve S pe ct ro sc op y A t ec hn iq ue f or d et er mi ni ng t he e le me nt al c om po si ti on o f a s am pl e u si ng a n i ns tr us am pl e a s a b ea m o f h ig h e ne rg y e le ct ro ns i s d ir ec te d o nt o i ts s ur fa ce . 2 4]

A s in gl e w or ks ta ti on m ay p ro vi de i nt eg ra te d B SE a nd X ED S c ap ab il it ie s u si ng S EM e qu ip me nt f it te d w it h s pe ci al iz ed B SE a nd Xs a mp l e p o si t io n in g , a n d d e te c to r p a ra m et e rs .

R eferences

1 . N an os ca le C he mi st ry Y ie ld s B et te r E xp lo si ve s, l ln l. go v, c ac he d] 2 . D an ie l T ap pm ey er s tu di es h ow n an op ar ti cl es c an b e u se d f oru n de r gr a d re s ea r ch . mi s so u r i. e du , c a ch e d] 3 . A n al y s is o f T r ac e R e s id u es o f E x pl o si v e M a t er i al s b y T i m e- o f -F l i gh t L C / MS , w w w. c h




M at er ia ls : N ew E ne rg et ic M at er ia ls , Na ti on al A ca de mi c P re ss , c ac he d] 5 . T he T op T en C on nec ti on s B et wee n N IS T a nd N an o- Th erM e ta st a bl e I n te r mo l ec u la r C o mp os i te s, l a nl . go v, c a ch ed ] 7 . E n er g y d e ns e e xp l os iv e s, U S PT O .g ov , c ac h ed ] 8 . I n or g an i c m et a l o x iU SP TO .g ov , c ac he d] 9 . N an o- sc al e e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls f ab ri ca ti on , c ha ra ct er iz at io n a nd m ol ec ul ar m od el in g, E ur op ea n M at er ia ls

Nanos tructured Energetic Materials via Modified Sol-Gel Synthesis , mrs .org, cached] 11. Metas table intermolecular composite, en.R at e M ea su r em en ts o f T h er m it e E n er g et ic R ea ct i on s, m r s. or g , c ac he d ] 1 3 . U ni q ue P o ro us C o pp er S t ru ct ur e E n ab le s N ew G en er a tif i lm e xp lo si v e m i cr o- d et o na to r , w ww .d od t ec hm at ch . co m/ , 1 5 . M i li ta r y e y es M E MS w ea po n s d et on a to r s t ha t c ou l d b e f ab b ed o n Im i cr o de t on a to r /i n it i at o r a p pa r at u s f o r a M E MS f u ze , U S PT O .g o v, 1 7 . I n -p l an e M E MS t h er m al a c tu a to r a nd a ss oc i at e d f a br i ca t io nm ak in g i nt eg ra te d s ol id -s ta te f ir e- se ts a nd d et on at or s, U SP TO .g ov , 1 9. D am ag e A ss es sm en t 1 30 L ib er ty S tr ee t P ro pe rt y, R J L ee GrT r ad e C e nt e r D us t, p ub s. u sg s. g ov , c ac he d] 2 1. R e vi si t in g 9 / 11 / 20 01 - - A pp l yi n g t h e S c ie nt i fi c M e th o d, J ou rn a lO f 91 1S t ud i es .c om ,

C en te r d es tr uc ti on , J ou rn al Of 91 1S t ud ie s. co m, 2 3. D if f er e nt ia l S ca nn i ng C al o ri me te r s, t ai ns tr um en t s. co m, c ac he d] 2 4 . E ne r gy D is p

9. A ct i ve T h er m it i c M a te r ia l D i sc ov er e d i n D us t f r om t h e 9 / 11 W o rl d T r ad e C e nt er C a ta st r op h e Niels H. Harrit, J effrey Farrer, Steven E. J ones, and others

T he Op en C he mi cal P hy si cs J ou rn al, 2 009 , 2, 7 -3 1 7 18 74 -41 25 /09 2 00 9 B en th am Op en O pe n A cc es s Ac ti ve T her mi ti c M at er ia l D isC at ast rop he N iel s H . Ha rr it *, 1, J ef fr ey F ar re r2 , S tev en E . Jo nes *, 3, Ke vin R . R ya n4, F ra nk M . L egg e5, D an ie l F ar nsw or th2 , Gr eg g1 De pa rt me nt o f C h em is tr y, U ni ve rs it y o f C o pe nh ag en , D en ma rk 2 De pa rt me nt o f P hy si cs a nd A st r on om y, B r ig ha m Y ou ng U ni ve rs iU T, 8 46 06 , U SA 4 9/ 11 W or ki ng G ro up o f B l oo mi ng to n, B lo om in gt on , I N 4 74 01 , U SA 5 Lo gi ca l S ys te ms C o ns ul ti ng , P er th , W es te rB er k el e y, C A 9 4 70 4, U SA 7 In t er n at io n al C e nt e r f or 9 / 11 S tu d ie s, D al l as , T X 7 5 23 1, U SA A bs tr ac t : W e h av e d i sc ov er ed d is t in ct i vd us t p ro du ce d b y t he d es tr uc ti on o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r. E xa mi na ti on o f f ou r o f t he se s am pl es , c ol le ct ed f ro m s ep ar at e s it es ,m ar ke d s im il ar it ie s i n a ll f ou r s am pl es . O ne s am pl e w as c ol le ct ed b y a M an ha tt an r es id en t a bo ut t en m in ut es a ft er t he c ol la ps e o f t

a bo ut a w ee k l at er . T he p ro pe rt ie s o f t he se c hi ps w er e a na ly ze d u si ng o pt ic al m ic ro sc op y, s ca nn in g e le ct ro n m ic ro sc op y ( SE M) ,d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et ry ( DS C) . T he r ed m at er ia l c on ta in s g ra in s a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 00 n m a cr os s w hi ch a re l ar ge ly i ro n o xi de ,S ep ar at io n o f c om po ne nt s u si ng m et hy l e th yl k et on e d em on st ra te d t ha t e le me nt al a lu mi nu m i s p re se nt . T he i ro n o xi de a nd a lu mi nuin a DS C device the chi ps exhibit lar ge but narrow exotherms occurr ing at approximately 430 °C , far below the normal i gnition tems ph er es a re c le ar ly o bs er ve d i n t he r es id ue f ol lo wi ng t he i gn it io n o f t he se p ec ul ia r r ed /g ra y c hi ps . T he r ed p or ti on o f t he se c hi ps ie ne r ge ti c . K ey w or d s: S c an n in g e l ec t ro n m i cr o sc op y , X - ra y e ne r gy d i sp er s iv e s pe ct r os co p y, D i ff e re nt i al s ca n ni n g c al o ri m et r y, D Sr i ch m i cr o sp h er e s, T h er m it e , S u pe r -t h er m i te , E n er g et i c n a no c om p os i te s , N a no - t he r mi t e. I N T RO D UC T I ON T h e d e st r u ct i o n o f t h r ew as a n i mm en se ly t ra gi c c at as tr op he t ha t n ot o nl y i mp ac te d t ho us an ds o f p eo pl e a nd f am il ie s d ir ec tl y, d ue t o i nj ur y a nd l os s o f l ie xp en si ve a nd r ad ic al c ha ng es i n d om es ti c a nd f or ei gn p ol ic y. F or t he se a nd o th er r ea so ns , k no wi ng w ha t r ea ll y h ap pe ne d t ha t f at

been put forth by various government- s pons ored and -funded inves tigations , which led, in large part, to the reports releas ed by Fh av e b ee n l es s w el l * Ad dr es s c or re sp on de nc e t o t he se a ut ho rs ( NH ) D ep ar tm en t o f C he mi st ry , U ni ve rs it y o f C op en ha ge n, C op en h( +4 5 )3 5 32 04 6 0; E - ma i l: h ar r it @n an o .k u. d k, ( S EJ ) a t S & J S ci e nt i fi c C o ., P r ov o , U T , 8 46 06 , U S A; T e l: 8 0 1- 7 35 - 58 85 ; E - ma il : H ar d ev i

the outs tanding obligation that remains to the victims of that tragedy, to determine the whole truth of the events of that day 3-10]a t te n ti o n o n t h e r e ma i ni n g p h ys i ca l m a te r ia l , a n d o n a v ai l ab l e p h ot o gr a ph s a n d v i de o f o ot a ge , a s s o ur c es o f e v id e nc e s t il l i n p u blt hr e e s k ys cr ap e rs . T h e c ol l ap se s o f t he t hr e e t a ll e st W T C b u il d in g s w er e r e ma r ka bl e f o r t h ei r c om p le t en es s, t h ei r n ea r f r ee - fa l l s pe es ur pr is in gl y l ar ge v ol um e o f f in e t ox ic d us t 1 3] t ha t w as g en er at ed . I n o rd er t o b et te r u nd er st an d t he se f ea tu re s o f t he d es tr uc ti on ,2 00 7, D r. S te ve n J on es o bs er ve d d is ti nc ti ve b i- la ye re d c hi ps , w it h b ot h a r ed a nd a g ra y l ay er , i n a s am pl e o f t he W TC d us t. I ni ti aa f t e r c lo s e r i n sp e c t io n a n d t e st i n g , i t w as s h o w n t ha t t h i s w as n o t t h e c a se . F u r t h er t e s t i ng w a s t h e n p er f o r m ed o n t h e r e d / gr a y c hC he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 H ar ri t e t a l. si ti on a nd p ro pe rt ie s. T he a ut ho rs a ls o o bt ai ne d a nd e xa mi ne d a dd it io na l si nd ep en de nt o bs er ve rs o n, o r v er y s oo n a ft er , 9 /1 1. A ll o f t he s am pl es e xa mi ne d c on ta in ed t he se v er y s ma ll , p ec ul ia r r ed /g ra y c hid us t i nc lu de r ep or ts b y t he R J L ee C om pa ny 1 4] , t he U .S . G eo lo gi ca l S ur ve y ( US GS ) 1 5] , M cG ee e t a l. 1 3] a nd L io y e t a l. 1 6] S ommi cr osp her es, w hi ch ar e al so p ec uli ar 5 , 8, 11 , 1 3- 15 ] bu t th e r ed/ gr ay ch ip s an aly ze d i n t hi s st udy ha ve a pp ar ent ly no t b ee n d isce m p h as i z i ng t h a t o n e s am p l e w a s co l l e ct e d a b ou t t e n m i n ut e s a f te r t h e c o l la p s e o f t he s e c o nd T o w e r , so i t c a n n ot p o s s i bl y h a v e bM AT ER IA LS A ND M ET HO DS 1 . P ro ve na nc e o f t he S am pl es A na ly ze d f or t hi s R ep or t I n a p ap er p re se nt ed f ir st o nl in e i n a ut umC en te r d es tr uc ti on 6 ], a g en er al r eq ue st w as i ss ue d f or s am pl es o f t he W TC d us t. T he e xp ec ta ti on a t t ha t t im e w as t ha t a c ar ef ul et he h yp ot he si s t ha t e xp lo si ve m at er ia ls o th er t ha n j et f ue l c au se d t he e xt ra or di na ri ly r ap id a nd e ss en ti al ly t ot al d es tr uc ti on o f t hehad s aved s amples of the copious , dens e dus t, which s pread and s ettled acros s Manhattan. Several of thes e people s ent portions

paper dis cus s es four s eparate dus t s amples collected on or s hortly after 9/11/2001. Each s ample was found to contain red/gray chic it iz en s w ho l iv ed i n N ew Y or k C it y a t t he t im e o f t he t ra ge dy . T he se c it iz en s c am e f or wa rd a nd p ro vi de d s am pl es f or a na ly si s i n tw ha te ve r f ac ts a bo ut t he d ay m ig ht b e l ea rn ed f ro m t he d us t. A m ap s ho wi ng t he l oc at io ns w he re t he f ou r s am pl es w er e c ol le ct edl oc at io ns o f d us t s am pl es a na ly ze d i n t hi s s tu dy w it h r es pe ct t o t he l oc at io n o f t he W TC c om pl ex ( ma rk ed a re a n ea r l oc at io n 1 ). 1 :D el e ss io / Br e id en b ac h ( B ro o kl y n B r id g e) ; 3 : I n te r mo n t ( 1 6 H ud s on S t ); 4 : W h it e ( 1 H ud s on S t ). ( B as e m ap c o ur t es y o f h t tp : // w whttp://creativecommons .org/licens es / by-s a/2.0/). ????? ???????

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) $? ?# $? ?? ) ?? ?? ?? ? " ?? ?? (? ? ? ?( ?? ?? ?? + ?? ?? ?? ?? ? " ?( ?? ? ! ? % ?? ?? ?? ? ! ?? ?? ?? ? ? , ?% ?? ? ?? ? ) ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? # ?? # ?? ???? ????????? )???????

? ? ?? # ?? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ) $ ? ? ?? ( ? " ? ?? ? ?? ? ? " ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ) ? ?? ? ?? ? ? / ? ?? ? ?? ! ? ?# ? ?? ? / ? ?? ? ? ( - ? ? ? ?? ? ) ? ?$ ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? "? ? ?? ( ??

? ? ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? ! ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ) $ ?? ? ?? ?? ! ? ?? # ?? ? ? ! ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ! ? ?$ ? ?? ? ?? " ?' / ? ? ?? ? / ? ? ?? ? ? ? ?? $ ?? ? ) ?




) ? & ? ?? ?? ? ? + ? # ? ?? % ?# ? ?? ? ? ? ?' ? ) ? ?$ ? ?? # ?? / ? ? ?? ? ?? ?/ 0 ? ? ?? ? 1 ? ? ? ?? / ? ?? ? ?? " ? ?? ? ?? ?? " ?' ! ? ?$ ? ?? ? ?? " ?' & ? ?? ?? ? ? 2 ? ?? ? ?

? ?' $? ?? ?? " ?? ?? ?? ? / $ 3 / & ?? ?? / ?? ?? /0 " ?? ?? ?? ?? 3 ?? ?? ?? ? ! ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ! ?? ?? ?? ?? ?4 ? # ??? ? " ??? ?? ?? ?? . ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ? ) ? ?? ?? ? ? ?$ ??? ? / ??? ?? ?? & ? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ) ?? ?? ??? / ? ?? ??? ?? #? ?? ? " ?( ? ? ' . ? & ? ? ?$ ?? ?? ?? " ?? ?? (? ? 6 ?? ?/ 0 ? ?? ?/ 0 ? ?? ?/ 0 . ? " ?( ? ' & ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? #? ?? ?? ? ) ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? #? ?? ?/ ? ? ?? ?? ?/ ? ) ?# ??? ?? ? ! ?? ?? ?? *? " ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ?? & ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? / ?? ?? ? ? & ?? ?? ? ? ?? ? ' $( ?? ? ?? ?? /? ?? & ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? & ?? ?? ? ? ?? ? '

A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W T C D us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 9 T he e ar li es t- co ll ec te d s am pla cc or di ng t o h is v id eo ta pe d t es ti mo ny 1 7] , w as o n t he M an ha tt an s id e o f t he B ro ok ly n B ri dg e a bo ut t he t im e t he s ec on d t ow er , t hand was enveloped by the res ulting thick dust which s ettled throughout the area. He s wept a handful of the dus t from a rail on tht en m in ut es a ft er t he f al l o f t he N or th T ow er . H e t he n w en t t o v is it h is f ri en d, M r. T om B re id en ba ch , c ar ry in g t he d us t i n h is h an dsav e i t i n a pl ast ic b ag . On 11 /1 5/ 20 07 , B rei den bac h se nt a po rt io n o f t hi s d ust t o D r. Jo nes f or a na lys is . B rei den bac h h as a lso r ecs am pl e o n v id eo ta pe 1 7] . T hu s, t he D el es si o/ Br ei de nb ac h s am pl e w as c ol le ct ed a bo ut t en m in ut es a ft er t he s ec on d t ow er c ol la ps es te el cu tt in g o r c le an -u p o pe ra ti on s a t G ro un d Z er o, w hi ch b eg an l at er . F ur th er mo re , i t i s n ot m ix ed w it h d us t f ro m W TC 7 , w hi ch fWhite of New York C ity entered a room in his apartment on the 8th floor of 1 Hudson Street, about five blocks from the WTC . Hef ol de d l au nd ry n ea r a w in do w w hi ch w as o pe n a bo ut 4 i nc he s ( 10 c m) . E vi de nt ly t he o pe n w in do w h ad a ll ow ed a s ig ni fi ca nt a moe nt er t he r oo m a nd c ov er t he l au nd ry . H e s av ed s om e o f t he d us t a nd , o n 2 /0 2/ 20 08 , s en t a s am pl e d ir ec tl y t o D r. J on es f or a na ly si

building at 16 Huds on Street by Mr. J ody Intermont at about 2 pm on 9/12/2001. Two s mall s amples of this dus t were s imultaneoua na ly si s. I nt er mo nt s en t a s ig ne d a ff id av it w it h e ac h s am pl e v er if yi ng t ha t h e h ad p er so na ll y c ol le ct ed t he ( no ws pl it ) s am pl e; h e wT ra de C en te r T ow er s, w as c ol le ct ed f ro m m y l of t a t t he c or ne r o f R ea de S tr ee t a nd H ud so n S tr ee t o n S ep te mb er 1 2, 2 00 1. I g iv e p

S ig ne d 3 1 J an ua ry 2 00 8 i n t he p re sen ce o f a w it ne ss w ho a lso s ig ne d h is n am e] . O n t he m or ni ng o f 9 /1 1/ 20 01 , M s. J an et te M ac Ki nLi be rt y S t. i n New Yor k C ity , acr oss th e st reet f rom t he W TC pl aza . As t he S out h T ower col la psed , th e f lowi ng cl ou d of d ust an da nd d us t f il le d h er a pa rt me nt . S he e sc ap ed b y q ui ck ly w ra pp in g a w et t ow el a ro un d h er h ea d a nd e xi ti ng t he b ui ld in g. T he b ui ld inM acK in lay wa s a ll owed t o r e- ent er he r ap ar tme nt , sh e di d so and b eg an c le ani ng up . T her e was a t hi ck l ay er of du st o n t he f loo r.f or p os si bl e l at er u se i n a n a rt p ie ce . M s. M ac Ki nl ay r es po nd ed t o t he r eq ue st i n t he 2 00 6 p ap er b y D r. J on es b y s en di ng h im a d usC al ifo rni a t o vi si t M s. M ac Ki nl ay at he r n ew lo cat ion , an d i n th e co mp any o f s eve ra l wi tnes ses col lect ed a se con d sam pl e o f t hed us t w as s to re d. S he h as a ls o s en t s am pl es d ir ec tl y t o D r. J ef fr ey F ar re r a nd K ev in R ya n. R es ul ts f ro m t he ir s tu di es f or m p ar t o f tin div id ual f ro m a win dow sil l of a bui ld ing on P ot ter S tr eet i n NYC . He has not gi ven per mi ssio n f or h is name to be di sclosed , thers am pl e, h ow ev er , c on ta in ed r ed /g ra y c hi ps o f t he s am e g en er al c om po si ti on a s t he s am pl es d es cr ib ed h er e. 2 . C hi p S iz e, I so la ti on ,collected and sent to the authors by Ms. Janette MacKinlay will be sample 1; the sample collected by Mr. Frank Delassio, or the Dcol lect ed by M r. Jo dy In ter mo nt wi ll b e sam pl e 3; a nd th e samp le col le cted by M r. St ephe n W hit e wi ll b e sam pl e 4. T he r ed/ gr ay can d se par at io n o f t he ch ips f ro m t he b ul k of t he d us t. A sm all p er man en t ma gne t i n it s o wn p la st ic b ag was use d t o at tr ac t a nd co l

s ma ll b ut r ea di ly d is ce rn ib le b y e ye d ue t o t he ir d is ti nc ti ve c ol or . T he y a re o f v ar ia bl e s iz e w it h m aj or d im en si on s o f r ou gh ly 0 .2 t of or e ach l ay er ( red an d g ray ). S amp les o f W TC du st f ro m t he se a nd ot her co ll ec to rs h av e b een sen t di re ct ly f ro m c ol lec tor s t o v arw ho h av e a ls o f ou nd s uc h r ed /g ra y c hi ps i n t he d us t f ro m t he W or ld T ra de C en te r d es tr uc ti on . A n F EI X L3 0- SF EG s ca nn in g e le ctelect ron (S E) im agi ng and back sc att ere d el ect ro n ( BS E) i mag ing . Th e S E im agi ng was used t o l oo k at t he sur fac e t opo gr aphy andu se d t o d is ti ng ui sh v ar ia ti on s i n a ve ra ge a to mi c n um be r, Z . T he m ic ro sc op e w as a ls o e qu ip pe d w it h a n E DA X X -r ay e ne rg y d is peu se s a s il ic on d et ec to r ( Si Li ) w it h r es ol ut io n b et te r t ha n 1 35 e V. T he s pe ct ru m r es ol ut io n w as s et t o 1 0 e V p er c ha nn el . O pe ra ti ng c

beam energy (unles s otherwise s pecified) and 40-120 s econd acquisition time (livetime). XEDS maps were acquired us ing the s amanalys is in the SEM, dus t s amples were mounted to carbon conductive tabs . The s amples were left unwas hed and uncoated unlest he c ha rac te ri st ics o f th e r ed an d g ray l ay er s, an d t o el imi nat e t he p oss ibi li ty o f s ur fa ce c on tam ina tio n f rom ot her d ust p ar ti cl es , ssa mp le s w er e f ra ct ur ed . T he cl ea n, c ro ss -s ec ti on su rf ac es w er e t he n s tu di ed b y B SE i ma gi ng an d X EDS . 1 0 T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hw er e a ls o t es te d i n a d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et er ( Ne tz sc h D SC 4 04 C) t o m ea su re h ea t f lo w i nt o o r o ut o f t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps .o f 1 0 ° C p er m in ut e u p t o a t em pe rat ur e o f 7 00 ° C. Du ri ng h ea ti ng , t he sa mp le s we re c on ta in ed i n al um in a p an s a nd a ir wa s a ll ow edT he p lo ts w er e gen er at ed by a cqu iri ng da ta p oi nts at a ra te o f 2 0 p oi nt s pe r ° C or 20 0 p oi nt s pe r m in ut e. T he eq ui pmen t w as cal ib

s et t o d is pl ay p os it iv e h ea t f lo w o ut o f t he s am pl e s uc h t ha t e xo th er mi c b eh av io r o f t he s am pl e w ou ld y ie ld a p ea k a nd e nd ot he rme xa mi ne d b y v is ib le -l ig ht m ic ro sc op y ( VL M) t hr ou gh a N ik on E pi ph ot 2 00 s te re om ic ro sc op e, a n O ly mp us B X6 0 s te re om ic ro sc op eR ES UL TS 1 . C ha ra ct er iz at io n o f t he R ed /G ra y C hi ps R ed /g ra y c hi ps w er e f ou nd i n a ll o f t he d us t s am pl es c ol le ct ed . A n a na ly si sc hi ps a nd t o d et er mi ne t he c he mi st ry a nd m at er ia ls t ha t m ak e u p t he c hi ps . F ig . ( 2) d is pl ay s p ho to mi cr og ra ph s o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps fm ar ke r i n e ac h i ma ge a s t he y w er e a cq ui re d a t d if fe re nt m ag ni fi ca ti on s. A t a pp ro xi ma te ly 2 .5 m m i n l en gt h, t he c hi p i n F ig . ( 2a ) wwas approximately 0.7 mg. All of the chips used in the study had a gray layer and a red layer and were attracted by a magnet. Thew hi ch r ev ea ls t he g ra y l ay er . T he g ra y l ay er i s a ls o p ar ti al ly v is ib le i n F ig . ( 2b ). S im il ar it ie s b et we en t he s am pl es a re a lr ea dy e vi decom par ison o f v ie ws o f t he sam e set of chi ps u sin g di ff er ent m et ho ds. F ig. ( 3a ) i s a VL M p ho to mi cr og raph o f a gr oup o f pa rt icl es,a dh er in g g ra y m at er ia l. F ig . ( 3b , c ) a re , r es pe ct iv el y, a s ec on da ry e le ct ro n ( SE ) i ma ge a nd a b ac ks ca tt er ed e le ct ro n ( BS E) i ma ge o fmi cr osc op e ( SE M) wi tho ut a c on du ct iv e co at ing ov er t he sam pl e. I t can be s een i n t he S E i ma ge t hat t he r ed l ay er o f t he pa rt icl eso f c ha rg e u nd er t he e le ct ro n b ea m, o wi ng t o t he r el at iv el y p oo r c on du ct iv it y o f t he r ed l ay er ( se e D is cu ss io n s ec ti on ). T he B SE i m( 2) . P ho to mi cr og ra ph s o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps f ro m s am pl es 1 -4 o f t he W TC d us t i nv ol ve d i n t hi s s tu dy , s ho wn i n ( a) -( d) r es pe ct iv el y.

gr ay l ay er . T he r ed/ gr ay c hi ps ar e mo unt ed o n an al um in um p ede sta l, u si ng a car bon co nd uct ive ta b, f or vi ewi ng in t he sca nn in g eF ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 1 1 i nd ic at in g t ha t t he r ed l ay er i s c om po se d o f m at er ia lg ra y l ay er . A h ig he r- ma gn if ic at io n B SE i ma ge o f t he c or ne r o f o ne o f t he c hi ps , s ho wn i n F ig . ( 4) , a ll ow s f or c lo se r e xa mi na ti on oc on fi rm s t he h ig he r a ve ra ge a to mi c n um be r o f t he g ra y l ay er . T he r ed m at er ia l a ls o s ho ws s pe ck s a nd o th er h et er og en ei ti es , i n m ac ro ss s ec ti on s o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps f ro m t he f ou r d if fe re nt d us t s am pl es a re s ho wn b y B SE i ma gi ng i n F ig . ( 5) . T he se f ou r c ro ss s ec ti




f ro m t he d us t s am pl es . T he B SE i ma ge s i ll us tr at e t he f in di ng t ha t a ll o f t he r ed l ay er s s tu di ed c on ta in ed s ma ll b ri gh t p ar ti cl es o r g rs i z e a n d p r es e n ce o f t h e p a r t i c l es w a s f o u n d t o b e c o n si s t e nt t h r o u g h ou t t h e l a y e r s, b u t t h e c o n c e nt r a t i on o f t h e p a r t i c l es w a s f o u( 3) . A s er ie s o f i ma ge s o f t he s am e g ro up o f p ar ti cl es e xt ra ct ed b y m ag ne t f ro m s am pl e 2 . T he c ol or p ho to mi cr og ra ph i n ( a) , o bt ai nAn SE i mag e ( b) acqu ir ed by S EM giv es a bet ter in di cat ion o f size and sh ape of t he par ti cl es, and a B SE i mag e ( c) sh ows, by g ray

between the red layer, gray layer and other dus t particles. Fig. (4). Higher magnification B SE image of one of the chips in previousg r ay l a ye r . ? ? ?? ? ?? ?

?? ???? ? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ? ?! ? " ?? ? ?????? ? ? ??# 1 2 T he Op en C hemi cal Physi cs Jour nal, 200 9, Vo lum e 2 Har rit et al. X-r both the red and gray layers from cros s s ections prepared from the four dus t s amples were performed and repres entative s pectra ar

i nd ic at e t ha t t he g ra y l ay er s a re c on si st en tl y c ha ra ct er iz ed b y h ig h i ro n a nd o xy ge n c on te nt i nc lu di ng a s ma ll er a mo un t o f c ar bo n.q ui te c on si st en t ( Fi g. 7 ), e ac h s ho wi ng t he p re se nc e o f a lu mi nu m ( Al ), s il ic on ( Si ), i ro n ( Fe ) a nd o xy ge n ( O) , a nd a s ig ni fi ca nt c ar bi ma gi ng o f t he r ed l ay er i ll us tr at es t he s im il ar it y b et we en t he d if fe re nt d us t s am pl es . B SE i ma ge s o f s ma ll b ut r ep re se nt at iv e p or ti oT he r esu lt s i ndi ca te t ha t t he sm al l p ar ti cl es w it h ve ry h igh B SE i nt en si ty ( br ig ht ness ) a re co ns ist en tl y 10 0 n m i n si ze an d h av e a fi nt er mi xe d w it h p la te -l ik e p ar ti cl es t ha t h av e i nt er me di at e B SE i nt en si ty a nd a re a pp ro xi ma te ly 4 0 n m t hi ck a nd u p t o a bo ut 1 m ic roF ig . ( 8a ) t o t he S E i ma ge i n F ig . ( 9) , i t c an b e s een t hat a ll o f t he p ar ti cl es a re e mb ed de d i n an u ns tr uc tu re d m at ri x w hi ch g iv es a d aof the r ed l ayer wer e acquir ed at a beam ener gy of 10 kV. T he acquisit ion area of the maps is shown by the B SE i mage i n Fig. ( 10a) .( 10 b- f) , i nd ic at e by co lor , t he d eg ree to whi ch t he par ti cu la r el em en t i s p resen t a t or ne ar t he sur face f ro m po in t t o p oi nt acr oss t hev er y b ri gh t B SE i nt en si ty a re a ss oc ia te d w it h t he r eg io ns o f h ig h F e a nd O . T he p la te -l ik e p ar ti cl es w it h i nt er me di at e B SE i nt en si tS i. T he O m ap ( d) a ls o i nd ic at es o xy ge n p re se nt , t o a l es se r d eg re e, i n t he l oc at io n o f t he A l a nd S i. H ow ev er , i t i s i nc on cl us iv e f ro

both. The carbon map appears les s definitive, that is , it does not appear to be as s ociated with a particular particle or group of partim or e f ro m t he se f in di ng s, a f oc us ed e le ct ro n b ea m w as p la ce d d ir ec tl y o nt o t he d if fe re nt p ar ti cl es , a nd t he X ED S d at a w er e c ol le ct

particles , the s pectrum in Fig. (11a) was generated. The s pectrum in Fig. (11b) was acquired Fig. (5). B SE images of cros s s ectionsr es pe ct iv el y. T he c ro ss s ec ti on s f ro m s am pl e 2 ( b) a nd 4 ( d) a ls o s ho w t he a dh er in g g ra y l ay er . 7 ?8 7 %8 7 #8 7 ?8

? ? ? ? # # 3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3 6 ? ? 4 ? ? ! ? ' ? 9 ? ? ? 5 " ? ? : ;

?? & ?54 ? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ? ? ???? ???? ? ? ??? ? ? ??? ?? ???

? ?? ?? A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 1 3 F ig . ( 6) . X ED S s pe cWTC dust samples, with (a) corresponding to sample 1, and so on (b-d). ? ? ? 6 : 9 < = > ; ??? ) - ? ? ? 7?8 ? 7#8 ? ? - ) ? ? 7%8 ? - )Volume 2 Harr it et al . Fi g. (7) . XEDS spectr a obtained f rom t he red layers f rom each of the fou r W TC dust samples, with ( a) cor res? ? ) - ? ?? ? ? ?? ? ? + )? ) - ? ?? ? ? ? 7?8 7#8 7%8 7?8 ? ? ? 6 : 9 < = > ; ??? Active Thermitic Material Found in WTC Dust The OpeSE im age of t he cr oss sect io n show n i n Fi g. ( 8a) . fr om a cl ust er of th e sm al ler br ig ht f acet ed gr ai ns. Ag ai n i t was ob ser ved t hat t he

bright faceted grains are rich in Fe. B oth s pectra dis play s ignificant carbon and oxygen, which may be partially due to the beam s p

t he m at ri x m at er ia l a s w el l a s p ar ti cl es b el ow t he s ur fa ce . T he b ea m e ne rg y ( 20 k eV ) i s s uc h t ha t t he v ol um e o f m at er ia l f ro m w hi cHence, so me Al and Si are seen in Fi g. (11 b) which may not be i nher ent in the facet ed g rai ns, and some Fe i s seen i n F ig. (1 1a) , whc o ns i st e nt l y r h om b ic - sh a pe d , f a ce t ed a p pe a ra n ce of t h e i r on - ri c h g r ai n s s t ro n gl y s u gg e st s t h at t he y a r e c r ys t al l in e . F r om th e se daW TC d us t s am pl es a re e xt re me ly s im il ar i n t he ir c he mi ca l a nd s tr uc tu ra l m ak eu p. I t i s a ls o s ho wn t ha t w it hi n t he r ed l ay er t he re i s a

particles and that thes e particles are embedded in a carbon-rich matrix. 2. Tes t Us ing Methyl Ethyl Ketone Solvent B y employingm at er ia l, t he c he mi ca l c om po si ti on s o f t he d if fe re nt p ar ti cl es i n t he r ed l ay er w er e m or e a cc ur at el y F ig . ( 8) . B SE i ma ge s o f c ro ss sesh own i n ( a) -( d) r es pe ct iv el y. ? ## 3 ?4 ??? !?' ? ? ? ? ?? 3 6 ? 9 ?? ?? 5 ? ?? ??> ? ? ? ? & ? 54 ? ?? ? 1 6 T he Op en C he mi ca l P hys ics J our na l, 2i mag e ( a) a nd X ED S m aps ( b- f) o f t he r ed -l ay er c ro ss se ct io n o f a r ed /g ra y ch ip f ro m d us t sa mp le 1 . T he e lem en ts d is pl ay ed ar e: ( b)s ho wi ng t he e le me nt al c om po si ti on s o f a g ro up in g o f t hi n p la te le ts ( a) a nd o f a g ro up in g o f w hi ti sh p ar ti cl es ( b) , a s s ee n i n t he h ig: 9 < = > ; ??? ? ? + ? ?? ?? ? - ) 7%8 + ? ? ? ?? ?? ? - ) 7?8 Active Thermitic Material Found in WTC Dust The Open Chemical Physiobjective was to compare the behavior of the red layer with paint when soaked in a strong organic solvent known to soften and dike ton e ( ME K) f or 5 5 h our s w ith f req ue nt ag it at ion an d su bseq ue nt ly d ri ed i n ai r ov er se ve ral da ys . T he ch ips s ho we d si gni fi ca ntd is so lu ti on . I n m ar ke d c on tr as t, p ai nt c hi ps s of te ne d a nd p ar tl y d is so lv ed w he n s im il ar ly s oa ke d i n M E K. I t w as d is co ve re d i n t hi

a lu mi nu m h ad o cc ur re d i n t he r ed -c hi p m at er ia l. T hi s a ll ow ed u s t o a ss es s w he th er s om e o f t he a lu mi nu m w as i n e le me nt al f or m.f ro m d us t s am pl e 2 a nd i s s ho wn i n t he i ma ge s b el ow . F ig . ( 12 a) s ho ws a n S E i ma ge o f t he c hi p p ri or t o t he M EK t re at me nt . I t i s players nearly parallel to the plane of the image. Fig. (12b) shows a B SE image of the chip after the MEK soak. Note that the chip fri ma ge t he r ed l ay er a nd g ra y l ay er a re s id e b y s id e s o t ha t t he i nt er fa ce b et we en t he l ay er s i s e dg e- on ( pe rp en di cu la r t o t he p la ne ol ay er o f t he c hi p w as f ou nd , b y v is ua l i ns pe ct io n, t o h av e s we ll ed o ut f ro m t he g ra y l ay er b y a f ac to r o f r ou gh ly 5 t im es i ts o ri gi na lshows the chi p af ter th e M EK soak. T he red l ayer can be seen e xten di ng out f ro m t he gr ay l ayer . Fi g. ( 13) . Pho to micr og rap h o f th eX ED S s pe ct ru m w as a cq ui re d f ro m a n a re a o f t he r ed -l ay er s ur fa ce . T he r es ul ti ng s pe ct ru m, s ho wn i n F ig . ( 14 ), p ro du ce d t he e xp ec al ci um , s ul fu r, z in c, c hr om iu m a nd p ot as si um . T he o cc ur re nc e o f t he se e le me nt s c ou ld b e a tt ri bu te d t o s ur fa ce c on ta mi na ti on d uc ol le ct ed s ur fa ce o f t he r ed l ay er . T he l ar ge C a a nd S p ea ks m ay b e d ue t o c on ta mi na ti on w it h g yp su m f ro m t he p ul ve ri ze d w al lb oared side before soaking in MEK. Notice the presence of Zn and C r, which are sometimes seen in the red layers. The large C a and Swallboard mat er ial. XEDS maps wer e acquired from the swollen r ed material at a beam energy of 10 kV, in order to determine t he loT he d at a s ho wn i n F ig . ( 15 ) i ll us tr at e r eg io ns w he re i ro n, a lu mi nu m a nd s il ic on a re c on ce nt ra te d. F ur th er mo re , t he d at a i nd ic at e t h

c on ce nt ra te d. O n t he o th er h an d, t he re a ls o e xi st r eg io ns w he re t he a lu mi nu m i s c on ce nt ra te d b ut w he re t he F ig . ( 12 ). S E i ma ge s ok et on e f or 5 5 h ou rs, ( a) p ri or t o a nd ( b) a ft er M EK s oa ki ng . ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ?

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?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? 1 8 T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs Jo ur na l, 2 00 9, Vo lu me 2 H ar ri t e t a l. o xy ge n m ay n ot a cc om pa ny i t c omo bs er va ti on s, X ED S s pe ct ra ( su bs eq ue nt p lo ts ) w er e a cq ui re d f ro m s pe ci fi c r eg io ns o f h ig h S i, A l a nd F e c on ce nt ra ti on s. F oc us inF ig . ( 15 e) , w e f in d s il ic on a nd o xy ge n a nd v er y l it tl e e ls e ( Fi g. 1 6) . E vi de nt ly t he s ol ve nt h as d is ru pt ed t he m at ri x h ol di ng t he v ar iothe com ponen ts. T his is a sig nif icant resu lt f or i t m eans t hat t he al um inu m an d si li con are not b ound chem ical ly . T he next XE DS sa h ig h c on ce nt ra ti on o f a lu mi nu m. U si ng a c on ve nt io na l q ua nt if ic at io n r ou ti ne , i t w as f ou nd t ha t t he a lu mi nu m s ig ni fi ca nt ly e xc ee

whi le some of the aluminum may be oxidized, t her e i s insuff icient oxygen pr esent to account f or all of the aluminum; some of the alm at er ia l. T hi s i s a n i mp or ta nt r es ul t. A lu mi nu m p ar ti cl es a re c ov er ed w it h a l ay er o f a lu mi nu m o xi de i rr es pe ct iv e o f s iz e, t hu s i t i sal um in um , g iv en t he v er y h ig h su rf ace a re a t o v ol um e r at io o f t he se v er y f in e p ar ti cl es . F ig . ( 15 ). ( a) B SE i ma ge an d ( b) -( f) ac co mpwas soaked in methyl ethyl ketone for 55 hours. The maps for (b) Fe, (c) Al, (d) O, (e) Si, and (f) C are shown. Active Thermitic MJ ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 1 9 F ig . ( 16 ). X ED S s pe ct ru m f ro m a s il ic on -r ic h r eg io n o n t he p or ou s r ed m at ri x o f t he M EK -t re at ed r ed m at

probe of the region of high aluminum concentration on the MEK-s oaked red chip. Next a region of particularly high iron concentrFig. (18) . F ig. ( 18). XEDS spectr um obt ai ned fr om a pr obe of the r egi on of high iron concen trati on on t he ME K-soaked red chi p, acfo und i n h ig h co ncen tr at ion wi th t he ir on in t he red ma ter ia l even af ter so aki ng in M EK sol ven t ( Fig . 1 5) , and in F ig . ( 18) an abu nq ua nt if ic at io n o f t he X ED S s pe ct ra , a nd a ft er a cc ou nt in g f or o xy ge n f ra ct io ns t o t ra ce e le me nt s, i t i s f ou nd t ha t t he F e: O r at io f or t hin di cates th at t he i ron i s ox id ized an d a ppar en tl y in ox id ati on st ate I II , in di cat ing t hat F e2O 3, or p er haps an ir on ( III ) o xo- br idge dt es t s w e re p e rf o rm e d w it h t h e k n ow n c he m ic al , i r on ( I II ) o x id e , a nd t h e e le m en t al q ua n ti f ic a ti o n w as f o un d t o y i el d c on si s te nt a n dm ad e e ig ht 5 0- s ec on d m ea su re me nt s o n F e2 O3 s am pl es a nd f ou nd c on si st en cy f or i ro n ( ± 6 .2 %, 1 s ig ma ) a nd f or o xy ge n ( ± 3 .4 %,e xp ec te d. T he e xi st en ce o f e le me nt al a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de l ea ds t o t he o bv io us h yp ot he si s t ha t t he m at er ia l m ay c on ta in t he rm

f ou nd i n t he W TC d ust i s t he rm it ic , f ur th er t es ti ng w ou ld b e r eq ui re d. F or e xa mp le , h ow d oe s t he m at er ia l b eh av e w he n h ea te d i nvig oro usly it may be ar gu ed t hat alt hough i ngr edien ts of t her mit e ar e pr esent , t he m ater ial may not r eally be ther mi ti c. 3. T her malR ed /g ra y c hi ps w er e s ub je ct ed t o h ea ti ng u si ng a d if fe re nt ia l s ca nn in g c al or im et er ( DS C) . T he d at a s ho wn i n F ig . ( 19 ) d em on st ra ti gn it ed i n t he r an ge 4 15 -4 35 ° C. T he e ne rg y r el ea se f or e ac h e xo th er m c an b e e st im at ed b y i nt eg ra ti ng w it h r es pe ct t o t im e u nd er t

peaks , the yields are es timated to be approximately 1.5, 3, 6 and 7.5 kJ /g res pectively. Variations in peak height as well as yield esd et er mi ne t he s ca le o f t he s ig na l, s ho wn i n t he D SC t ra ce s, i nc lu de d t he m as s o f t he g ra y l ay er . T he g ra y l ay er w as f ou nd t o c on sic on tr ib ut e t o t he e xo th er m, a nd y et t hi s l ay er v ar ie s g re at ly i n m as s f ro m c hi p t o c hi p. 4 . O bs er va ti on o f I ro n- Ri ch S ph er e F or ma ti oC a lo r im e te r I n t h e p o st - DS C r e si d ue , c h ar r ed - po r ou s m a te r ia l a n d n u me r ou s m i cr o sp h er e s a n d s p he r oi d s w e re o b se r ve d . M a ny oi ro n- ri ch , w hi ch a pp ea r s hi ny a nd s il ve ry i n t he o pt ic al m ic ro sc op e, a nd s om e w er e s il ic on -r ic h, w hi ch a pp ea r t ra ns pa re nt o r t ra nst ak en u si ng a N ik on m ic ro sc op e ( Fi g. 2 0) . T he a bu nd an t i ro n- ri ch s ph er es a re o f p ar ti cu la r i nt er es t i n t hi s s tu dy ; n on e w er e o bs erS ph er es r ic h i n i ro n a lr ea dy d em on st ra te t he o cc ur re nc e o f v er y h ig h t em pe ra tu re s, w el l a bo ve t he 7 00 ° C t em pe ra tu re r ea ch ed i n to xi de 5 ]. S uc h h ig h t em pe ra tu re s i nd ic at e t ha t a c he mi ca l r ea ct io n o cc ur re d. U si ng b ac k- sc at te re d e le ct ro n ( BS E) i ma gi ng , s ph er es

be rich in iron. An example is s hown in Fig. (21) along with the corresponding XEDS s pectrum for this s phere. - ) ? ?0 ? ? ? ? ? ? 6 :

? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ?? ?? ? ? ?? 20 The Open Chemical Physics Jour nal, 2009, Volume 2 Harrit et al. Fig. (19). Diff erential Scannif ou nd i n W or ld T ra de C en te r d us t c ol le ct io ns . F ig . ( 20 ). P ho to mi cr og ra ph s o f r es id ue s f ro m r ed /g ra y c hi ps i gn it ed i n t he D SC . N ospheres. Each blue scale-marker represents 50 microns. ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ? ??? ? ? ??? ? ? ?? ? ??? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ???????? ??

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? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ou se d t o e st im at e t he e le me nt al c on te nt s. I n t he c as e o f t hi s i ro n- ri ch s ph er oi d, t he i ro n c on te nt e xc ee ds t he o xy ge n c on te nt b y a ppmu st b e p res en t. T hi s r esu lt wa s r ep ea ted i n o th er i ro n- ri ch sp he ro ids i n t he po st -DS C sa mpl e as w el l as i n sp ots i n t he r esi due ww it h F e: O r at io s u p t o a pp ro xi ma te ly 4 :1 . O th er i ro n- ri ch s ph er es w er e f ou nd i n t he p os t- DS C r es id ue w hi ch c on ta in ed i ro n a lo ngt he rm it ic r ea ct io ns f ro m t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps h av e i nd ee d o cc ur re d i n t he D SC ( ri si ng t em pe ra tu re m et ho d o f i gn it io n) i s c on fi rm ed

react ion s occur ri ng at app rox imat ely 430 °C , 2) ir on- ri ch sph ere f or mat ion so th at t he p rod uct must have been suf fi cient ly hot to bes ph er oi ds a nd n on sp he ro id al r es id ue s i n w hi ch t he i ro n c on te nt e xc ee ds t he o xy ge n c on te nt . S ig ni fi ca nt e le me nt al i ro n i s n ow p rer ea ct io n o f a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de . T he e vi de nc e f or a ct iv e, h ig hl y e ne rg et ic t he rm it ic m at er ia l i n t he W TC d us t i s c om pe ll in g. 5 .n ot a ll ow f or v is ua l i ns pe ct io n o f t he e ne rg et ic r ea ct io n. T he re fo re t es ts w er e a ls o p er fo rm ed w it h a s ma ll o xy ac et yl en e f la me a pp lg ra ph it e b lo ck ( Fi g. 2 2) F ig . ( 21 ). S ph er oi d f ou nd i n p os t- DS C r es id ue s ho wi ng i ro n- ri ch s ph er e a nd t he c or re sp on di ng X ED S s pehere sin ce this sampl e was flashed wi th a thin carbon layer in order to preclu de chargi ng un der t he electr on beam. 22 T he Open C heh el d w it h t we ez er s i n t he f la me . S ev er al p ai nt s am pl es w er e a ls o t es te d a nd i n e ac h c as e, t he p ai nt s am pl e w as i mm ed ia te ly r ed uc eh ow ev er , w it h a ny o f t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps f ro m t he W or ld T ra de C en te r d us t. T he f ir st W TC r ed /g ra y c hi p s o t es te d w as a pp ro xi ma th ig h- sp ee d e je ct io n o f a ho t p ar ti cl e w as o bs er ve d u nd er th e h an d o f t he pe rs on h ol di ng t he to rc h ( Fi g. 22 ). Th e i nt en se li gh t a ndt em pe ra tu re . I n t hi s c as e, t he a tt em pt t o r ec ov er t he d im in ut iv e e nd pr od uc t o f t he r ea ct io n w as u ns uc ce ss fu l. A s ho rt v id eo c li p o fh t tp : // j ou r na l of 9 11 s tu d ie s. c om / vo l um e /2 0 08 / ox y _r e dc h ip _ sl o w. m ov I n a l a te r f l am e- i gn i ti o n t es t , t h e e nd p r od u ct w as r e co v er e dF ig . ( 23 ). O nc e a ga in , t he f or ma ti on o f i ro n- ri ch s em is ph er ic al s ha pe s s ho ws t ha t t he r es id ue h ad b ee n m el te d, e na bl in g s ur fa ce t e

Ho wev er , t he ev id en ce o bt ai ned i n t he DS C an al yse s is m or e c om pe ll in g t ha t a t he rmi ti c re act io n act ual ly o ccu rs as in th at cas e im or e t ha n 4 30 ° C. D IS CU SS IO N A ll o f t he d us t s am pl es t ha t w er e i ns pe ct ed w er e f ou nd t o c on ta in r ed /g ra y c hi ps . T he c hi ps a re ci de nt if ie s c ar bo n, o xy ge n, a lu mi nu m, s il ic on , a nd i ro n, a nd a g ray l ay er i n w hi ch m ai nl y i ro n a nd o xy ge n a re f ou nd . T he r at io s o f t hc hi p ( le ft ), f ol lo we d a f ew s ec on ds l at er b y e je ct io n o f m at er ia l, p ro du ci ng a h or iz on ta l o ra ng e s tr ea k r un ni ng t ow ar d t he o pe ra to r’ ste st) . F ig. ( 23) . S ilv er y- gra y sph er oi ds ( lef t) ar e seen af ter th e ig ni tio n te st of r ed/ gra y chi p f rom sa mp le 1 ; som e of th e p or ous r ed




S EM i ma ge ( ri gh t) . ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ??? ? ? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ??? ? ? ?? ? ? A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ial F ou nd i n W TC D ust T he O pea pp ea r t o b e s im il ar e sp ec ia ll y w he n t hi s a na ly si s i s p er fo rm ed o n a c le an c ro ss -s ec ti on o f t he l ay er s. T he B SE i ma gi ng a ls o s ho wa nd m or ph ol og y o f t he p ar ti cl es t ha t a re c on ta in ed i n t he b ul k o f t he l ay er s. T he r es ul ts c le ar ly s ho w t he s im il ar it ie s o f t he r ed /g raThere are a number of ques tions raised by our results. 1. How Much of the Energetic R ed Material Survived During the WTC DesM ac Ki nl ay t he f ra ct io n o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps w as r ou gh ly e st im at ed . F if te en s ma ll c hi ps h av in g a t ot al m as s o f 1 .7 4 m g w er e e xt ra ct edi de nt if ia bl e g la ss a nd c on cr et e f ra gm en ts h ad b ee n r em ov ed b y h an d. T hu s t he f ra ct io n o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps w as a pp ro xi ma te ly 0 .1s ho we d 6 9 s ma ll r ed /g ra y c hi ps i n a 4 .9 g s am pl e o f s ep ar at ed d us t. F ur th er s am pl es a re b ei ng a na ly ze d t o r ef in e t hi s e st im at e. T hd u s t w ho s e t o ta l m a s s i s d i f f ic u l t t o as c e r ta i n ; b ut c l e a r ly t h e t o ta l m a s s o f r e d / gr a y c h ip s i n t h e W T C d u s t m us t b e s u bs t a n ti a l g iR ed M at er ia l T he rm it ic i n N at ur e? O ur o bs er va ti on s s ho w t ha t t he r ed m at er ia l c on ta in s s ub st an ti al a mo un ts o f a lu mi nu m, i ro n a n

soaked i n M EK, we observ ed a cl ear mig rat ion and ag greg ati on of t he al umi num away f rom ot her elemen ts and det er mi ned t hat ele product collected after DSC ignition, we found s pheres which were not initially pres ent. Many of thes e s pheres were iron rich andF ur th er , t he D SC t ra ce s d em on st ra te t ha t t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps r ea ct v ig or ou sl y a t a t em pe ra tu re b el ow t he m el ti ng p oi nt o f a lu mi nu m( UF G) a lu mi nu m i n a ir 1 8] . T he se o bs er va ti on s r em in de d u s o f n an o- th er mi te f ab ri ca te d a t t he L aw re nc e L iv er mo re N at io na l L ab om at er ia l a s a n i nt im at e m ix tu re o f U FG a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de i n n an o- th er mi te c om po si te s t o f or m p yr ot ec hn ic s o r e xp lo si ve s 1 9ox id e, as i n t hi s ty pi ca l r eac ti on wi th i ro n o xi de : 2 Al + Fe 2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe ( molt en iron), H = 8 53. 5 k J/ mo le . C om mer ci al ly a va i

but when the ingredients are ultra-fine grain (UFG) and are intimately mixed, this “nano-thermite” reacts very rapidly, even explos i2 2] . W e w ou ld l ik e t o m ak e d et ai le d c om pa ri so ns o f t he r ed c hi ps w it h k no wn s up er -t he rm it e c om po si te s, a lo ng w it h c om pa ri so nsfor ms of thi s high- tech t herm ite, and th is compar ison must wait for a f utur e study. Meanwhi le, we co mpare wi th p roduct s of commthermite, we have obs erved that many s pheres and s pheroids are formed as part of the molten product of the reaction is vigorous lt o s ur fac e t en si on an d, b ei ng sm al l, ar e r ap id ly c ool ed a nd s ol id if y as t hey f al l t hr ou gh t he ai r, t hu s t he ir sp her ic al sh ape i s pr ese rr ed /g ra y c hi p i gn it io n a nd c om me rc ia l t he rm it e i gn it io n, w e j ux ta po se t he r es pe ct iv e i ma ge s a nd X ED S s pe ct ra . W e o bs er ve t ha t t2 6) p os se ss a s tr ik in gl y s im il ar c he mi ca l s ig na tu re t o a t yp ic al X ED S s pe ct ru m f ro m a s ph er oi d g en er at ed b y c om me rc ia l t he rm it er ed c hi ps a re i nd ee d a f or m o f t he rm it e. I ma ge s o f s ph er oi ds X ED S s pe ct ra o f s ph er oi ds F ig . ( 24 ). S ph er es f or me d d ur in g i gn it io n osp ec tr um . ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ??? ? ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ? 2 4 T he Op en C he mi ca l P hy si cs Jo ur nal , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 H ar ri t e t a l. F iD SC , w it h c or re sp on di ng t yp ic al X ED S s pe ct ru m ( al th ou gh s ph er es w it h p re do mi na te ly i ro n a nd s om e o xy ge n a re a ls o s ee n i n t hesu bj ec te d t o f la me t est ; XE DS sp ec tr um o f l ef t- mo st m ic ro sp he re . F ig . ( 27 ). S ph er es e xt rac te d f ro m W TC d ust . F ig . ( 28 ). X ED S s pe? ? ? ? 6 : 9 < = > ; ? ? 3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

?? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? ????? ? ? ??? ?? ?????? ? ????! "?#????? $?? %$ #!? ?????? ????? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?

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? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??? Act ive T hermi tic M ater ial F ound i n W TC Dust T he Open C hemi cal Physi cs Jour nal, 2009, Vol ume 2h a v e b e en f o u n d b y o u r g r ou p i n t h e W T C d u s t . T he s e c o nt a i n t h e s am e e l e m en t s a s t h e r e si d u e o f t h e rm i t e , a s n ot e d i n a p r e v i o

( Fi g. 2 7) a nd a r ep re se nt at iv e X ED S s pe ct ru m f ro m s uc h a s ph er e ( Fi g. 2 8) ; w e i nv it e t he r ea de r t o c om pa re t he se r es ul ts w it h t ho si gn it io n o f r ed /g ra y c hi ps ( ab ov e) . 3 . C ou ld t he R ed M at er ia l B e U nr ea ct ed “ Su pe r- T he rm it e” ? W e h av e n ot ed t ha t o rd in ar y t he rt he i ng re di en ts a re u lt ra fi ne - g ra in a nd a re i nt im at el y m ix ed , t he m ix tu re r ea ct s v er y r ap id ly , e ve n e xp lo si vel y 2 0] . T hu s, t he re i s a hn an oc om po si te o r “ su pe r- th er mi te ,” c om po se d o f a lu mi nu m a nd i ro n o xi de w it h a t l ea st o ne c om po ne nt b ei ng a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 00 n“ Re ac ti on r at es b et we en n an os iz e a lu mi nu m a nd m et al o xi de s c an b e s ig ni fi ca nt ly g re at er t ha n t ho se o bs er ve d w it h t ra di ti on al m icm et al a nd m et al o xi de p ow de rs a re a cc om pa ni ed b y t he g en er at io n o f h ig h t em pe ra tu re s ( >3 00 0 K ). S up er -t he rm it es , f or me d b y m ixe ne rg y r el ea se r at e b y t wo o rd er s o f m ag ni tu de h ig he r t ha n s im il ar m ix tu re s c on si st in g o f m ic ro n s iz e r ea ct an ts ” 2 2] . T he r ed l ay ec on ta in s a lu mi nu m, i ro n a nd o xy ge n c om po ne nt s w hi ch a re i nt im at el y m ix ed a t a s ca le o f a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 00 n an om et er s ( nm ) o r l er ed /g ra y c hi p w it h a D SC t ra ce o bt ai ne d f or k no wn s up er -t he rm it e ( se e F ig . ( 29 )) . O rd in ar y t he rm it e i gn it es a t a m uc h h ig he r t em p

broader trace than s uper-thermite 21]. All thes e data s ugges t that the thermitic material found in the WTC dus t is a form of nanotha tt em pt t o s pe ci fy t he p ar ti cu la r f or m o f n an o- th er mi te p re se nt u nt il m or e i s l ea rn ed a bo ut t he r ed m at er ia l a nd e sp ec ia ll y a bo ut t hT ec hn ol og y t o M ak e H ig hl y E xo th er mi c N an oc om po si te s E xi st P ri or t o 9 /1 1/ 20 01 ? W e f in d t he a nsw er i n a r ep or t b y G as h e t a l. d“ Na no st ru ct ur ed c om po si te s a re m ul ti co mp on en t m at er ia ls i n w hi ch a t l ea st o ne o f t he c om po ne nt p ha se s h as o ne o r m or e d im enr an ge , d ef in ed a s 1 t o 1 00 n m. E ne rg et ic n an oc om po si te s a re a c la ss o f m at er ia l t ha t h av e b ot h a f ue l a nd o xi di ze r c om po ne nt i nt im

phas es meets the s ize definition. A s ol-gel derived pyrotechnic is an example of an energetic nanocompos ite, in which metal-oxidee xo th er mi c r ea ct io ns . T he f ue l r es id es w it hi n t he p or es o f t he s ol id m at ri x w hi le t he o xi di ze r c om pr is es a t l ea st a p or ti on o f t he s ke lec om pa re d w it h D SC o f x er og el F e2 O3 /U FG A l n an oc om po si te ( fr om T il lo ts on e t a l. 2 8] ). B ot h D SC t ra ce s s ho w c om pl et io n o f r ea c?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???

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?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ? ????? ?? ???? ??# ?$ ? ?! "???? ??? ???? ? ?????????? ??%?% ????????? ?? ?%2 00 9, V ol um e 2 H ar ri t e t a l. t ri x. ” “ As a n e xa mp le , e ne rg et ic n an oc om po si te s o f F ex Oy a nd m et al li c a lu mi nu m a re e as il y s yn th es izi gn it ed ” 1 9] . W e g at he r t ha t t he t ec hn ol og y t o m ak e m at er ia ls r em ar ka bl y f it ti ng t he c ha ra ct er iz at io n o f t he r ed c hi ps w as a va il ab lt ha t “ po ly me rs ” c an b e a dd ed t o t he n an oc om po si te : “ Th is s ol -g el m et ho d a ll ow s f or t he a dd it io n o f i ns ol ub le m at er ia ls ( e. g. , m et




produce a uniformly dis tributed and energetic nanocompos ite upon gelation. Al metal (as a fine powder, ~6μm diameter) was add produce FexOy /Al(s ) pyrotechnic nanocompos ites …. Thes e nanocompos ites were s ubs equently proces s ed to make both a xerogn a n o co m p o si t e c a n b e i g n it e d u si n g a pr o p a ne t o r c h” 1 9 ] . I n d e ed , t h e re d c h ip s c a n b e i g n it e d u si n g a to r c h an d t h e y h a v e pr o p ei ng re di en ts a re p re se nt – a lu mi nu m, i ro n, o xy ge n, s il ic on , a nd c ar bo n – a nd t he y a re i nc or po ra te d i n s uc h a w ay t ha t t he c hi p f or mT he G as h r ep or t d es cr ib es F TI R s pe ct ra w hi ch c ha ra ct er iz e t hi s e ne rg et ic m at er ia l. W e h av e p er fo rm ed t he se s am e t es ts a nd w il l rm at ri x m ay b e r es po ns ib le f or a bs or pt io n o f M EK a nd t he s ub se qu en t s we ll in g w hi ch w e o bs er ve d 2 9] . A r ep or t o n a n A pr il 2 00 1such ex plo si ves at t hat ti me: Th e 221 st Nat ion al Meet ing of t he Am eri can C hem ical So ciet y hel d d ur ing Apr il 200 1 i n S an Di ego f

Nanomaterials . One of the 4 s es s ions was titled nanoenergetics …. This s es s ion provided a good repres entation of the breadth ofo ld .… A t t hi s p oi nt i n t im e, a ll o f t he m il it ar y s er vi ce s a nd s om e D OE a nd a ca de mi c l ab or at or ie s h av e a ct iv e R &D p ro gr am s a im e

h av e p ot en ti al t o b e u se d i n e ne rg et ic f or mu la ti on s f or a dv an ce d e xp lo si ve s… . n an oe ne rg et ic s h ol d p ro mi se a s u se fu l i ng re di en ts particularly due to their high degree of tailorability with regards to energy releas e and impuls e management 20]. The feature of “if or mu la ti on s m ay b e c ho se n t o h av e j us t s uf fi ci en t p er cu ss iv e e ff ec t t o a ch ie ve t he d es ir ed f ra gm en ta ti on w hi le m in im iz in g t he n oiApril 2000 report by Gas h et al. s tates : “The nature of the wet nanocompos ites als o affords an additional degree of s afety. In ouri gn it ed u nt il t he d ry in g p ro ce ss i s c om pl et e. T hi s p ro pe rt y s ho ul d a ll ow t he p ro du ct io n o f a l ar ge q ua nt it y o f t he p yr ot ec hn ic s t ha

before its us e” 19]. Safe handling of the malleable s ol-gel material allows eas y coating of s urfaces (s uch as s teel), which the s ame“ T h e s ol - g e l p ro c e s s i s v e r y am e n a bl e t o d i p -, s p i n - , an d s p r ay - c o at i n g t e ch n o l o gi e s t o c oa t s u r fa c e s . We h a v e u ti l i z e d th i s p r o pF e2 O3 /A l/ Vi to n c oa ti ng s. T he e ne rg et ic c oa ti ng d ri es t o g iv e a n ic e a dh er en t f il m. ” “ We h av e p re pa re d f in e p ow de rs , p re ss ed p el li no rg an ic / o rg an ic e ne rg et ic n an oc om po si te ” 2 5] . T hu s, t he e ne rg et ic n an o- co mp os it e c an b e s pr ay ed o r e ve n “ pa in te d” o nt o s ur f

paint. The red chips we found in the WTC dus t conform to their des cription of “thin films ” of “hybrid inorganic/organic energetic“ en er ge ti c c oa ti ng ” a nd “ ni ce a dh er en t f il m” f it v er y w el l w it h o ur o bs er va ti on s o f t he r ed -c hi ps w hi ch s ur vi ve d t he W TC d es tr uct he t hi nn es s o f t he c hi ps r es ul te d f ro m t he a pp li ca ti on m et ho d o r t he m an ne r o f r ea ct io n. W hi le t he a pp li ca ti on o f a t hi n f il m m ig ht ha t t he q ue nc hi ng e ff ec t o f t he s te el t he m at er ia l w as i n c on ta ct w it h m ay h av e p re ve nt ed a t hi n f il m o f a l ar ge r m as s f ro m r ea ct inl ay er s ug ge st s t ha t t he u nr ea ct ed m at er ia l w as i n c lo se c on ta ct w it h s om et hi ng e ls e, e it he r i ts t ar ge t, a c on ta in er , o r a n a dh es iv e.r es ul ts i nd ic at e t ha t u nd er a mb ie nt c on di ti on s t he h yb ri d i no rg an ic /o rg an ic e ne rg et ic c om po si te i s v er y s ta bl e t o i mp ac t, i s s pa rk in ot ed i n t he E xp er im en ta l s ec ti on o f t hi s r ep or t, i n o ur h an ds w et h yb ri d n an oc om po si te s a re s af e t o h an dl e a nd d if fi cu lt t o t he rm avigorous ly and rapidly with the evolution of s ignificant amounts of gas eous s pecies ” 24]. The organic component contributes toe ne r ge t ic s u pe r th er m it e s w h en d r y 2 4 ]. “ S up e r- t he r mi t e e l ec t ri c m a tc he s ” h a ve b e en d e ve l op ed a t L o s A la m os N a ti o na l L a bo r at o rf or . .. d em ol it io n” 3 0] . I t i s i nd ee d p os si bl e t ha t s uc h m at ch es , w hi ch a re d es ig ne d t o b e i gn it ed b y a s im pl e e le ct ri c p ul se , c ou ld c oD us t T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 2 7 s im il ar t o t he r ed m at er ia l w e h av e f ou nd i n t he W TC d us t. W it h r egA la mo s a nn ou nc em en t n ot es : “ Un fo rt un at el y, c on ve nt io na l e le ct ri c m at ch es u se l ea d c on ta in in g c om po un ds t ha t a re e xt re me ly s et he re by m ak in g t he m d an ge ro us t o h an dl e. I n a dd it io n, t he se c om po un ds p ro du ce t ox ic s mo ke . T he S up er -T he rm it e e le ct ri c m at c

becaus e they res is t friction, impact, heat, and s tatic dis charge through the compos ition, thereby minimizing accidental ignition. To ut pu ts —s im pl e s pa rk s, h ot s la g, d ro pl et s, o r f la me s— de pe nd in g o n t he n ee ds o f d if fe re nt a pp li ca ti on s” 3 0] . 6 . W ha t i s t he E ne rgE xp lo si ve s? A g ra ph i n a n a rt ic le o n n an os tr uc tu re d e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls 2 1] s ho ws t ha t t he e ne rg y/ vo lu me y ie ld f or A l/ Fe 2O 3 c om

e xp lo si ve s c om mo nl y u se d i n d em ol it io ns ( se e F ig . ( 30 )) . I t i s s tr ik in g t ha t s om e o f t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps r el ea se m or e e ne rg y i n k J/ gg ra ph s a bo ve . T he t he or et ic al m ax im um f or t he rm it e i s 3 .9 k J/ g 2 7] . W e su gg es t t ha t t he o rg an ic m at er ia l i n e vi de nc e i n t he r ed /g rg as t o p ro vi de e xp lo si ve p re ss ur e. A ga in , c on ve nt io na l t he rm it e i s r eg ar de d a s a n i nc en di ar y w he re as s up er -t he rm it e, w hi ch m ay icon si de red a py rot ec hn ic o r e xp lo si ve 6 , 2 4] . A s t his t est was do ne i n ai r it i s p os sib le th at s om e of th e en han cem en t o f en er gy ou tc om po ne nt . 7 . C ou ld t he R ed C hi p M at er ia l b e O rd in ar y P ai nt ? W e m ea su re d t he r es is ti vi ty o f t he r ed m at er ia l ( wi th v er y l it tl e g rao rd er t o c om pa re w it h o rd in ar y p ai nt s, u si ng t he f or mu la : S pec if ic r es is ti vi ty = R A / L w he re R = r esi st an ce ( oh ms) ; A = c ro ss -s ec tithe red chip, about 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm, we used two probes and obtained a rough value of approximately 10 ohm-m. This is severalt ab ul at ed w hi ch a re t yp ic al ly o ve r 1 01 0 o hm -m 3 1] . A no th er t es t, d es cr ib ed a bo ve , i nv ol ve d s ub je ct io n o f r ed c hi ps t o m et hy l e thm at er ia l d id s we ll b ut d id n ot d is so lv e, a nd a h ar d s il ic on -r ic h m at ri x r em ai ne d a ft er t hi s p ro ce du re . O n t he o th er h an d, p ai nt s am pls ho we d s ig ni fi ca nt d is so lu ti on , a s e xp ec te d s in ce M EK i s a p ai nt s ol ve nt . F ur th er , w e h av e s ho wn t ha t t he r ed m at er ia l c on ta in s bt he r mi t e, i n i n te r es ti n g c on f ig u ra ti o n a nd i n ti ma t e m i xi n g i n t h e s ur v iv i ng c hi p s ( s ee R e su l ts , s ec ti o n 1 ). T h e s pe ci es a r e s ma ll ( e .g .m at ri x i nc lu di ng s il ic on a nd c ar bo n, s ug ge st in g a s up er th er mi te c om po si te . R ed c hi ps w he n i gn it ed p ro du ce v er y h ig h t em pe ra tu r

shown by the bright flash observed and the pro- 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Energy (kJ) HMX TNT TATB Al/Fe2O3 WTC C hip 1 WT( kJ /c c) E ne rg y b y m as s ( kJ /g ) F ig . ( 30 ). E ne rg y r el ea se f or m on om ol ec ul ar e xp lo si ve s H MX , T NT a nd T AT B, f or e ne rg et ic c om por ed /g ra y c hi ps f ou nd i n t he W TC d ust a s m eas ur ed i n a D if fer ent ia l S ca nni ng C al or im et er . 2 8 T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al ,s ph er es ( se e p ho to mi cr og ra ph s i n F ig . ( 20 ) a bo ve ). C or re sp on di ng ly , t he D SC t es ts d em on st ra te t he r el ea se o f h ig h e nt ha lp y, a ct ue ne rg y i s r el ea se d o ve r a s ho rt p er io d o f t im e, s ho wn b y t he n ar ro wn es s o f t he p ea k i n F ig . ( 29 ). T he p os t- DS C- te st r es id ue c on ta ic on te nt , i mp ly in g t ha t a t l ea st s om e o f t he i ro n o xi de h as b ee n r ed uc ed i n t he r ea ct io n. I f a p ai nt w er e d ev is ed t ha t i nc or po ra te d t hdangerous when dry and mos t unlikely to receive regulatory approval for building us e. To merit cons ideration, any as s ertion thatc ha ra ct er is ti cs w e h av e d es cr ib ed w ou ld h av e t o b e a cc om pa ni ed b y e mp ir ic al d em on st ra ti on u si ng a s am pl e o f t he p ro po se d m at eF ut ur e S tu di es a re C on te mp la te d? W e o bs er ve t ha t t he t ot al e ne rg y r el ea se d f ro m s om e o f t he r ed c hi ps e xc ee ds t he t he or et ic al l imo rg an ic m at er ia l i n t he r ed l ay er i s i ts el f e ne rg et ic . D et er mi na ti on o f t he c he mi ca l c om po un d( s) i nv ol ve d i n t he o rg an ic c om po ne nts tu di es o f t he r ed m at er ia l ( se pa ra te d f ro m t he g ra y m at er ia l) c om pa re d t o k no wn su pe r- th er mi te v ar ia nt s u si ng D SC , T GA , F TI R (

NMR and GC -mas s s pectros copy and related s tudies are urged to identify the organic material. We have obs erved that s ome chip barium and copper. Are thes e s ignificant, and why do s uch elements appear in s ome red chips and not others ? An example is s hoO, Fe , and Al an d di spl ays mul tip le r ed and gr ay l aye rs. I n add it ion, t he gr ay -l ay er ma ter ial dem and s f ur ther st ud y. W hat is it s purl ay er s, a s s ee n i n F ig . ( 32 ). F ig . ( 31 ). P ho to mi cr og ra ph o f a r ed /g ra y c hi p f ou nd i n s am pl e 3 , s ho wi ng m ul ti pl e l ay er s a nd a n u nu sum es op or ou s m at er ia l i s o n t he l ef t i n t hi s v ie w, w it h t he t ou ch in g d ar k- gr ay l ay er n ex t a nd a l ig ht er -g ra y m at er ia l o n t he r ig ht a s s eF ig . ( 32 )) . T he g ray l ay er i n c on ta ct w it h t he r ed l ay er h as t he X ED S s pe ct ru m sh ow n i n F ig . ( 33 ) i n w hi ch i ro n i s n ot se en , w hi le t ht ho se d is pl ay ed i n F ig . ( 6) . T hu s, t he m id dl e- la ye r g ra y m at er ia l c on ta in s c ar bo n a nd o xy ge n a nd p re su ma bl y a ls o c on ta in s h yd ro




g ra y i nn er l ay er a pp ea rs b et we en t wo o th er l ay er s, i t m ay b e a t yp e o f a dh es iv e, b in di ng a r ed p or ou s t he rm it ic m at er ia l t o a no th er ,t he rm it ic m at er ia l h as b ee n a tt ac he d t o r us ty i ro n b y a n a dh es iv e. T he c oo li ng e ff ec t o f t he i ro n i n s uc h c lo se p ro xi mi ty , a ct in g a st ha t u nr ea ct ed r ed t he rm it ic m at er ia l, a lw ay s f ou nd b y u s i n t hi n l ay er s, r em ai ns i n t he d us t. T he se h yp ot he se s i nv it e f ur th er e xp er i

pictured on the right, the s ame chip but not precis ely the s ame s pot. This chip had been treated in MEK s olvent s o that the red la? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ? ?? ?? Acti ve Thermitic Mater ial F ound in WT C Dust The Open Chemical Physics Journal , 2009, Vot o uc h es th e re d la y er o f t h e c h ip sh o wn ab o ve . No r ed / gr a y c h ip s h a vi n g t h e c h ar a ct e ri s ti c s d e li n ea t ed h er e we r e f o un d in du s t ge xp lo si ve s a nd m et ho ds , f or t he S ta rd us t R es or t & C as in o i n L as V eg as ( de mo li sh ed 1 3 M ar ch 2 00 7) a nd t he K ey B an k i n S al t L akas su me t hat t he d es tr uct io n o f t he W TC sk ysc rap er s o cc ur red c on ven ti on al ly . T he r ed m at er ia l d oes bu rn q ui ck ly a s sh ow n i n t he

but determination of the burn rate of the red material may help to clas s ify this as a s low or fas t explos ive. It may be that this mater

m ea ns t o i gn it e h ig h e xp lo si ve s, a s i n s up er -t he rm it e m at ch es 3 0] . H av in g o bs er ve d u ni gn it ed t he rm it ic m at er ia l i n t he W TC r es idcutter charges or explosives should also be looked for in the WTC dus t. NIST has admitted that they have not yet looked for suchd is ti nc ti ve r ed /g ra y c hi ps i n s ig ni fi ca nt n um be rs i n d us t a ss oc ia te d w it h t he W or ld T ra de C en te r d es tr uc ti on . W e h av e a pp li ed S Es ca le s tr uc tu re a nd c he mi ca l s ig na tu re o f t he se c hi ps , e sp ec ia ll y o f t he ir r ed c om po ne nt . T he r ed m at er ia l i s m os t i nt er es ti ng a nd ha l um i nu m, i r on , o x yg e n, s i li c on a n d c ar b on . L e ss e r a m ou n ts o f o t he r p o te nt i al l y r e ac t iv e e l em e nt s a r e s o me t im e s p r es en t , s uc h a s

primary elements (Al, Fe, O, Si, C ) are typically all pres ent in particles at the s cale of tens to hundreds of nanometers , and detailedw it h m e th y l e th y l k et o ne s ol v en t , s om e s eg r eg a ti o n o f c om p on en t s o c cu r re d. E l em en t al a l um i nu m b ec am e s uf f ic i en t ly c on ce n tr a teI ro n o xi de a pp ea rs i n f ac et ed g ra in s r ou gh ly 1 00 n m a cr os s w he re as t he a lu mi nu m a pp ea rs i n t hi n p la te li ke s tr uc tu re s. T he s ma ll s ic ha ra ct er iz ed a s n an ot he rm it e o r s up er -t he rm it e. 5 . A na ly si s s ho ws t ha t i ro n a nd o xy ge n a re p re se nt i n a r at io c on si st en t w it h F e2si mi la r i n t hi s w ay . I ro n ox id e w as f ou nd i n t he p re -i gn it io n m at er ia l w he re as e le men ta l i ro n w as n ot . 6 . F ro m t he p res en ce o f e lem econc lud e t hat i t cont ain s t he ing red ien ts of t her mi te. 7. As measur ed usi ng DSC , t he mat eri al ig ni tes and re acts vig or ousl y at a t eme xo th er m, m at ch in g f ai rl y c lo se ly a n i nd ep en de nt o bs er va ti on o n a k no wn s up er -t he rm it e s am pl e. T he l ow t em pe ra tu re o f i gn it io nshow t hat th e mat eri al is no t co nvent io nal ther mi te ( whi ch i gni tes at t emper atu res ab ove 9 00 ° C) but v ery li kely a f or m o f su per- thr un t o 7 00 ° C, w e f ou nd n um er ou s i ro n- ri ch s ph er es a nd s ph er oi ds i n t he r es id ue , i nd ic at in g t ha t a v er y h ig ht em pe ra tu re r ea ct io nh av e b ee n m ol te n t o f or m t he se s ha pe s. I n s ev er al s ph er es , e le me nt al i ro n w as v er if ie d s in ce t he i ro n c on te nt s ig ni fi ca nt ly e xc ee dt em pe ra tu re r ed uc ti on -o xi da ti on r ea ct io n h as o cc ur re d i n t he h ea te d c hi ps , n am el y, t he t he rm it e r ea ct io n. 9 . T he s ph er oi ds p ro du cs ig na tu re ( Al , F e, O , S i, C ) w hi ch i s d ep le te d i n c ar bo n a nd a lu mi nu m r el at iv e t o t he o ri gi na l r ed m at er ia l. T hi s c he mi ca l s ig na tu re

produced by igniting commercial thermite, and als o matches the s ignatures of many of the micros pheres found in the WTC dus t 5a n o rg an ic s ub st an ce i s p re se nt . T hi s w ou ld b e e xp ec te d f or s up er -t he rm it e f or mu la ti on s i n o rd er t o p ro du ce h ig h g as p re ss ur es ut he o rg an ic m at er ia l i n t he se c hi ps m er it s f ur th er e xp lo ra ti on . W e n ot e t ha t i t i s l ik el y a ls o a n e ne rg et ic m at er ia l, i n t ha t t he t ot al e nt he t he or et ic al m ax im um e ne rg y o f t he c la ss ic t he rm it e r ea ct io n. B as ed o n t he se o bs er va ti on s, w e c on cl ud e t ha t t he r ed l ay er o f ta ct i ve , u n re ac t ed t h er m it i c m a te r ia l , i n co r po r at i ng n an o te ch n ol o gy , a n d i s a h i gh l y e n er g et i c p yr o te c hn i c o r e xp l os iv e m a te r ia l .

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? 3 0 T he O pe n C he mi ca l P hy si cs J ou rn al , 2 00 9, V ol um e 2 H ar ri t e t a l. A CK NO WL ED GM EN TS T he a ut ho rs w is h t o t ha nk T om B r M ac Ki nl ay , a nd S te ve W hi te f or d us t s am pl es a cq ui re d s oo n a ft er t he W TC 9 /1 1 c at as tr op he . W e t ha nk D av id G ri sc om , M ar k B as iGr ab be, D av id R ay G ri ff in , M ik e B er ger , F ran k C ar men , R ich ar d Ga ge, S ha ne G ei ge r, Ju st in K eog h, Ja ni ce M at th ew s, J ohn P ar ul is,e lu ci da ti ng d is cu ss io ns a nd e nc ou ra ge me nt . T ha nk s t o J oh n P ar ul is f or g at he ri ng s am pl es o f r es id ue s f ro m r ea ct ed c om me rc ia l t he rA ut ho ri ty , W or ld T ra de C en te r B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce S tu dy : D at a c ol le ct io n, p re li mi na ry o bs er va ti on s a nd r ec om me nd at io ns , M ayc ol la ps e d eb ri s i mp ac t, b as ed o n a er ia l p ho to gr ap hs a nd d oc um en te d d am ag e, p p. 1 -9 . A cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro mh tt p: // 91 1r es ea rc h. wt c7 .n et /m ir ro rs /g ua rd ian 2/ wt c/ WT C_ ch 1. ht m 2 ] S un de r S , G ro ss ha nd le r W , L ew H S, e t a l. F in al r ep or t o n t he

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h tt p: // ww w. eh po nl i ne .o rg /m em be rs /2 00 3/ 59 30 /5 93 0. ht ml 1 4] L ee R J G ro up . W TC d us t s ig na tu re r ep or t, c om po si ti on a nd m or ph ol oAvailable from: http://www.nyenvirolaw.org/WTC/130%20Liberty%20Street/Mike%20Davis%20LMDC%20130%20Liberty%20DC % 2 0d u st / W TC % 2 0D u st % 2 0S i gn a t ur e . Co m p os i ti o n %2 0 an d % 20 M o rp h ol o g y. F i na l . pd f 1 5 ] L o w er s H A , M e ek e r G P . P a r ti c l e a t l asF eb r ua ry 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m: h tt p: / /p ub s. us gs .g ov /o f/ 20 05 /1 16 5/ 50 8O F0 5- 11 65 .h tm l 1 6] L i oy P J, W ei se l C P, M i ll et te J R, e t ae as t o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r ( WT C) i n l ow er m an ha tt an a ft er t he c ol la ps e o f t he W TC 1 1. S ep te mb er 2 00 1. E nv ir on H ea lt h P er sp




Available from: http://www.ehponline.org/members /2002/110p703-714lioy/lioy-full.html 17] Deless io F, B reidenbach T. VideotapeA cc es se d F eb ru ar y 7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m: h tt p: // vi de o. go og le .c om /v id eo pl ay ?d oc id =1 95 74 90 86 70 30 31 62 50 , s ta rt a t t im es ta mp 3s iz e a nd s iz e d is tr ib ut io n o n r ea ct iv it y o f a lu mi nu m n an op ar ti cl es i n r ea ct io ns w it h o xy ge n a nd M oO 3. T he rm oc hi m A ct a 2 00 6; 4 44http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6THV-4JRVFRD-2&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&mS i mp s on R L , T i ll o ts o n T M , S a tc h er J H , H r ub e sh L W . M a ki n g n a no s tr u ct u r ed p y ro t ec h ni c s i n a b e ak e r. p r e- p ri n t U C RL - JC - 1 37 5 93 ,A p ri l 1 0 , 2 0 00 . A c ce s se d F e br u a ry 7 , 2 0 0 9] . A v ai l ab l e f r o m: h t t p: / / ww w .o s ti . go v / en e r gy c it a ti o ns / pr o d uc t .b i bl i o .j s p? o st i _i d = 15 0 07t e ch n ol o gy a r ea o f n a ti o na l i m po r ta n ce . A m pt i ac Q 2 0 02 ; 6 ( 1) : 4 3 -4 8 . A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // w ww . p2 pS im ps on R L, C l ap sa dd le B J. N an os tr uc tu re d e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls w it h s ol -g el m et ho ds . M at er R es S oc S ym p P r oc 2 00 4; 8 00 : 5 5- 66 .

http://www.mrs .org/s_mrs /sec_s ubs cribe.as p?C ID=2642&DID=115856&action=detail 22] Pus zyns ki J A. R eactivity of nanosizedS o c S y mp P r oc 2 0 04 ; 8 0 0: A A 6. 4 .1 . A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // w ww . mr s .o r g/ s _m r s/ s ec _ su b sc r ib e .a s p? C IDS wi at ki ew ic z J J. R es ea rc h T op ic : I nv es ti ga ti on o f I gn it io n C ha ra ct er is ti cs o f H et er og en eo us S tr on gl y E xo th er mi c R ea ct io ns . D ep arD ak ot a S c ho o l o f M i ne s a n d T e ch n ol o gy , C u rr en t P r oj ec t s. A cc es se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A va i la bl e f r om : h t tp : // r et .s d sm t. e du / pr o jeS yn th es is a nd c ha ra ct er iz at io n o f m ix ed m et al o xi de n an oc om po si te e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls . U CR L- PR OC - 2 04 11 8, L aw re nc e L iv er mo reA c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // w ww . mr s .o r g/ s _m r s/ s ec _ su b sc r ib e .a s p? C ID = 26 4 2& D ID = 11 5 87 9 &a c ti o n= d et a iln an oc om po si te s w it h s ol -g el c he mi st r y: S yn th es is , s af et y, a nd c ha ra ct er iz at io n. L LN L U CR L -J C- 1 46 73 9, L aw re nc e L i ve rm or e N at i7 , 2 00 9] . A va il ab le f ro m: h tt p: // e- re po rt s- ex t. ll nl .g ov /p df /2 44 13 7. pd f A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l F ou nd i n W TC D us t T he O pe n C heC lap sadd le B J, Sat cher JH, Jr, S chae fer DW , She a KJ. I nt egr at ed chem ical sy stem s: th e si mu lt aneo us f orm ati on of hyb ri d nan ocoMater 2005; 17(6): 1358-66. Acces s ed February 7, 2009]. Available from: http://pubs .acs .org/cgi-bin/abs tract.cgi/cmatex/2005/17/i0D , e t a l. F or m ul at io n a nd p er fo r ma nc e o f n ov el e ne r ge ti c n an oc om po si te s a nd g as g en er a to rs p re pa re d b y s ol –g el m et ho ds . L L NL UL a bo r at o ry : L i ve r mo r e, C a ; M a rc h 2 0 05 ; A c ce s se d F e br u ar y 7 , 2 0 09 ] . A v ai l ab l e f r om : h t tp : // e -r e po r ts - ex t .l l nl . go v /p d f/ 3 18 2 63 . pd f 2S at ch er J H, J r, P oc o J F. N an os tr uc tu re d e ne rg et ic m at er ia ls u si ng s ol -g el m et ho do lo gi es . J N on - C ry st S ol 2 00 1; 2 85 : 3 38 -3 45 . A cc ehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TXM-435KKJV-2G&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&B a nd y op a dh y ay A , d e S a rk a r M , B h ow m ic k A K . P o ly m er - fi l le r i n te r ac t io n s i n s o l- g el d e ri v ed p o ly m er / si l ic a h y br i d n a no c om p os i te sA c ce s se d A u gu s t 4 , 2 0 08 ] . A v ai l a bl e f r o m: h t t p: / /w w w3 . in t er s ci e nc e .w i le y .c o m/ j ou r n al / 1 10 5 72 5 49 / ab s tr a ct 3 0 ] R & D A w ar d s. s u pA v ai l a bl e f r o m: h t tp : / /a w ar d s. l an l .g o v/ P D Ff i l es / S up e r- T h er m i te _ E le c tr i c_ M at c he s _2 0 03 . pd f 3 1 ] A b u A y an a Y M , E l - Sa w y S M , S aAnti-Corros Methods Mater 1997; 44(6): 381-8. Available from: http://www.emeraldins ight.com/Ins ight/ViewC ontentServlet?F il en am e= Pu bl is he d/ Em er al dF ul lT ex tA rt ic le /A rt ic le s/ 12 80 44 06 04 .h tm l R ec ei ve d: A ug us t 1 2, 2 00 8 R ev is ed : F eb ru ar y 1 0, 2 00 9 A ccO pe n. T hi s i s a n o pe n a cc es s a rt ic le l ic en se d u nd er t he t er ms o f t he C re at iv e C om mo ns A tt ri bu ti on N on -C om me rc ia l L ic en se ( ht tp

permits unres tricted, non-commercial us e, dis tribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

10 W hy T he R ed /G ra y C hi ps A re N ot P ri me r P ai ntB y N ie ls H . H ar ri t, M ay 2 00 9

WHY THE R ED/GRAY C HIPS ARE NOT PR IMER PAINT Niels Harrit, May 09 It has been suggested, that the red/grey chips dic ou ld o ri gi na te f ro m r us t- in hi bi ti ng p ai nt ( pr im er p ai nt ) a pp li ed t o t he s te el b ea ms i n t he t ow er s. T hi s l et te r c om pa re s t he e le me nt am at er ia ls b as ed o n t he d es cr ip ti on o f t he p ro te ct iv e p ai nt i n t he N IS T r ep or t a nd o bs er va ti on s o n t he r ed /g re y c hi ps . C HE MI CA L C

paint applied to the s teel beams of WTC is des cribed and characterized in NIST NC STAR 1-3C appendix D.2 The primer paint is r t he s te el a ga in st c or ro si on . E xa mp le s o f t yp ic al b ea ms a re s ho wn i n F ig ur e 1 a nd F ig ur e 2 . F ig ur e 1 . M 2- C2 M ( WT C 1 , C ol .1 30 , F l 9 8co lu mn s i n W TC t ow er s. F rom N IS T. T he co lo r i s d ue t o t he p ig me nt s i n t he p ai nt . I ron o xi de i s r ed a nd z in c c hr om at e ( ”z in c y el loC om po si ti on o f p ri me r p ai nt f ro m N CS TA R 1 -3 C a pp en di x D 2. 3 S in ce t he ” ve hi cl e” i s o bv io us ly f lu id , t he v al ue s f or t he i ng re di e

percentage by weight. Even though the compos ition of the Tnemec pigment is proprietary, the content of this component can be ot he p er t in en t i nf or ma ti on i s r ep ro du ce d i n F ig ur e 4 : F ig ur e 4 E xt ra ct f ro m M at er ia l S af et y D at a S he et f or T ne me c p ig me nt .3 T al c i sc on t en t o f c a lc i um s i li c at e s a n d a lu m in at e s i s i n ex a ct a n d t h e r e la t iv e c on t ri b ut i on o f a l um i na te s i s n o t s pe ci f ie d . S i nc e t h e T n em ecc on te nt o f t he se t wo i ng re di en ts a nd t he s ol ve nt i n t he w et p ri me r p ai nt w as : T al c M g3 Si 4O 10 (O H) 2 7 – 1 0 % C al ci um s il ic at es o r a pp li ca ti on , t he p ai nt w as b ak ed a t 1 20 ° C. I n t hi s p ro ce ss a ll v ol at il e i ng re di en ts e va po ra te. T hi nn er s ( Fi gu re 3 ) a nd m in er al s pi ri tsI f w e su bt ra ct th es e f rom th e c om po si ti on pe rce nt ag es g ive n ab ove , w e ge t a r ou gh est ima te of t he co mp os iti on o f th e h ar den ed pv al ue s f or t he p er ti ne nt i ng re di en ts o f t he h ar de ne d p ai nt ( di sm is si ng t he t ri vi al e le me nt s i ro n, s il ic on , c ar bo n a nd o xy ge n) : C om pZi nc ch ro mat e ( ZnC rO4) 20. 3 % 34 % T alc ( Mg3S i4 O10 (O H)2 ) 7 – 10 % 12 – 17 % C al ci um sil icate s or alu mi nat es 2 – 3. 3 % 3. 3 – 5co rr ec ted f or so lv en t e va po rat io n. C OM PA RI SO N W IT H T HE C OM POS IT ION OF T HE R ED/ GR AY C HI PS T he el em en ta l co mpr ay E ne rg y D is pe rs iv e S pe ct ro sc op y ( XE DS ) i n t he S EM m od e. 1 B ef or e m ea su re me nt , t he c hi ps w er e b ro ke n ( wi th o ne e xc ep ti onu nc on ta mi na ted s ur fa ce f ro m wh ic h t he S EM X ED S w as o bt ai ne d. NO NE o f t he se S EM X ED S s pe ct ra , t ak en f ro m f ou r i nd ep en dechr omi um o r m agn esi um i n i nt ens it ies si gni fic ant ly abo ve t he ba sel in e n oi se. S ee t he r igh t pan el o f F igu re 5 b el ow i n whi ch t he i nel ement s could be expected f rom th e pr imer p ai nt accor ding to Table 1. 5 F igure 5. SEM XEDS ( beam energ y 20 keV) spect ra fr om7 i n H ar ri t e t a l. 1, s ho wi ng t he f ou r d if fe re nt s am pl es i nv es ti ga te d. R ig ht : T he s am e s pe ct ru m a s i n f ra me ( a) w it h i nt en si ty ( ve rt ic aw it h t he n oi se a re o bs er ve d f ro m s ul fu r, c al ci um , c hr om iu m a nd s tr on ti um . I n o ne e xp er im en t t he c hi ps w er e t o b e s oa ke d i n m et h

be broken before. The res ulting XEDS of this chip (Figure 6, below) dis plays tiny blips indicating the pres ence of chromium and z

s oa ke d/ ri ns ed w it h t he o rg an ic s ol ve nt . T he re fo re , t he y a re b el ie ve d t o d er iv e f ro m s ur fa ce c on ta mi na ti on , w hi ch v er y w el l c ou ld h( be am e ne rg y 2 0 k eV ) f ro m u nb ro ke n c hi p b ef or e s oa ki ng i n M EK . T he c al ci um a nd s ul fu r a re l ik el y t o o ri gi na te f ro m c on ta mi na ti os ig na ls f ro m z in c a nd c hr om iu m c ou ld b e f ro m a s ur fa ce c on ta mi na ti on w it h p ri me r p ai nt . M ag ne si um w as n ev er o bs er ve d, w hi ch i1 ). I t s ho ul d a ls o b e n ot ic ed , t ha t t he o nl y p os si bl e s ou rc e o f a lu mi nu m i n t he p ri me r p ai nt i s t he r at he r v ag ue r ef er en ce t o ” ca lc iua tt em pt in g a ny q ua nt it at iv e e st im at es ( no t a t ri vi al m at te r i n X ED S) , i t i s s ti ll v er y h ar d t o a cc ep t t hi s c om po ne nt a s t he s ou rc e o f t




phas e of the red/gray chips . THER MAL STAB ILITY OF PR IMER PAINT NIST was interested in the thermal res pons e of the prir ec ove red st eel b ea ms co uld b e i ndi cat iv e o f t he t em per at ur es t he y h ad b ee n e xp ose d t o. NI ST c ar ri ed o ut t em per at ur e st udi es o nT he p ai nt i s u na ff ec te d t o t em pe ra tu re s u p t o 2 50 C ( Fi gu re 7 a) . A t h ig he r t em pe ra tu re s t he p ai nt s ta rt s s ho wi ng ” mu d- cr ac ks ” a sth e d iff er en t ex pan sio n coef fi ci ent s o f t he st eel an d th e p ai nt . I t get s wor se at 6 50 C (F igu re 7, ri gh t) at wh ic h tem per at ure bl ac k ” ss te el ( Fi gu re 8 ). N IS T t oo k t he s am pl es b ey on d 8 00 C a t w hi ch t em pe ra tu re t he s ca le f or ma ti on a nd p ee li ng o ff o f t he p ai nt f ro m tfor matio n of the bl ack scales i s d ue to char rin g of the or ganic bi nder. Figu re 7. Left : P rim er pain t on ext eri or W TC col umn at tempR ig ht : E xp osu re o f p ri mer p ai nt o n st eel t o 6 50 C f or 1 h r 8 F ig ur e 8 . F ro m NC ST AR 1- 3C ap pen di x D 2 s how in g f or mat io n o f a b laC . N ot ic e, t ha t t he p ri me r p ai nt – b ei ng b as ic al ly a c er am ic m at er ia l – i s c he mi ca ll y s ta bl e a t t em pe ra tu re s u p t o 8 00 C . C OM PA RI SOI n c on tr as t t o t he p ri me r p ai nt , t he r ed /g ra y c hi ps r ea ct v io le nt ly , i gn it in g i n t he n ei gh bo ur ho od o f 4 30 C . T he r ea ct io n m us t p ro du

r es id ue s f ro m m ol te n i ro n a re c le ar ly s ee n i n t he o pt ic al m ic ro sc op e ( Fi gu re 9 ). F ig ur e 9 . O pt ic al m ic ro sc op e p ic tu re o f r ed /g ra y c hi p properties of the primer paint and the red/gray chips are incons is tent. The red/gray chips cannot be the primer paint as it is characterJ on es , S . E .; R ya n, K .; L eg ge , F .; F ar ns wo rt h, D .; R ob er ts , G .; G ou rl ey , J .; L ar se n, B . A ct iv e T he rm it ic M at er ia l D is co ve re d i n D usC hemical Physics Open J ournal 2009, 2, 7-31. (2) NIST. NIST NC STAR 1-3C. 2005. http://wtc.nis t.gov/NC STAR 1/PDF/NC STAR %http://www.tnemec.com/res ources /product/ms ds /m10v.pdf

1 1, E n vi r on me nt a l a no ma l ie s a t t he W o rl d T r ad e C en t er : e vi d en ce f or e ne r ge ti c m at e ri a lsB y K ev in R . R ya n, J am es R . G ou rl ey , & S te ve n E . J on es

1 2. M ys te ri es o f t he T wi n T ow er sR . H er bs t

M ys te ri es o f t he T wi n T ow er s A S ur ve y o f A va il ab le E vi de nc e O n t he C ol la ps e o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r T ow er s R . H er bs t; B AA

T ha nk s t o E ri c Hu fs ch mi d, D av e M cG ow an , a nd t he w eb ma st er o f s er en di pi ty .l i f or e xp li ci t p er mi ss io n i n t he p os ti ng o f i ma ge s. Td isc us si ng h is 9 /1 1 a ct iv is m. S pe ci al t ha nk s t o C on ni e E ic he nl au b f or h el p i n t ex t e di ti ng u p t hr ou gh v er si on 1 1. B ac kg ro un d A cc oFlight 11 cr ashed between floors 94 and 98 of the Nort h T ower at 8:46 a.m. T he North Tower coll apsed at 10:29 a.m. According toc ra sh ed b et we en f lo or s 7 8 a nd 8 5 o f t he S ou th T ow er a t 9 :0 3 a. m. T he S ou th T ow er c ol la ps ed a t 9 :5 9 a .m . C ra sh an d c ol la ps e t im eE ar th O bs er va to ry i n P al is ad es , N ew Y or k. U S D ep ar tm en t o f S ta te t im es w er e e ss en ti al ly i de nt ic al , e xc ep t t im e o f c ol la ps e o f t he SA cc or di ng t o t he S ta te D ep ar tm en t, 9 2 p eo pl e w er e o n b oa rd F li gh t 1 1, a nd 6 4 p eo pl e w er e o n b oa rd F li gh t 1 75 . 2 ] A rc hi te ct M in oT rad e C en te r wi th t he N ew Y or k f ir m o f E me ry R ot h a nd S on s. S tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee rs J oh n S ki ll in g an d L es li e R ob er ts on o f W or th in

bas ed World C las s s tructural engineering Firm of R ecord, worked on the project. This firm is res pons ible for the s tructural des ignC en te r i n S ea tt le . 3 ] S om e s ou rc es h av e s ug ge st ed t he n ew “ tu bu la r” d es ig n o f t he W TC T ow er s m ad e t he m s tr uc tu ra ll y s us pe cto th er wi se “ vu ln er ab le .” 5 ] H ow ev er , t he ir “ tu bu la r” d es ig n c re at es a v er y s tr on g a nd r es il ie nt s tr uc tu re , a nd c on ti nu es t o b e v er yT ra de C en te r, t he “ Tw in T ow er s” , w as t he k ey e ve nt o f t he a tt ac ks w hi ch h as p ro vi de d t he B us h a dm in is tr at io n a lm os t l im it le ss p" Re me mb er 9 /1 1" . T ha t p ow er w as s ol id if ie d b y t he p as sa ge o f S .J . R es ol ut io n 2 3 o n S ep te mb er 1 4, 2 00 1, a ut ho ri zi ng t he P re si det ho se n at io ns , o rg an iz at io ns , o r p er so ns h e d et er mi ne s p la nn ed , a ut ho ri ze d, c om mi tt ed , o r a id ed t he t er ro ri st a tt ac ks t ha t o cc ur re dw ir et ap pi ng , e xt ra or di na ry r en di ti on , t or tu re , t he “ Un it ar y E xe cu ti ve ”, t he M il it ar y T ri bu na l A ct ( wh ic h e ff ec ti ve ly c re at es a n A mei nd us tr ie s, a nd w or ld -w id e a ng st . S o, w hy d id t he t ow er s c ol la ps e? B y n ow , s ix y ea rs l at er , w e s ho ul d h av e a d ef in it iv e a ns we r, b uE ng in ee rs ( AS CE ) s tu dy , t he F ed er al E me rg en cy M an ag em en t A ge nc y B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce A ss es sm en t ( FE MA B PA ), t he S il veI ns ti tu te o f S ta nd ar ds & T ec hn ol og y ( NI ST ) r ep or ts , t he s o c al le d “ Pu rd ue S tu dy ,” a nd A RU P c om me nt ar y. A lt ho ug h t he se r ep oa no th er , w ha t w e f in al ly h av e i s t he O ff ic ia l S to ry , q uo te d v er ba ti m b y t he U S m ed ia : t he i mp act o f c om me rci al a ir cr af t a nd t he e nsW TC 1 a nd 2, th e No rt h and So ut h W orl d Tr ad e C ent er T ower s, on S ept ember 11, 20 01. T he tr ut h of t he Off icial S tor y h as n ever“ Of fi ci al ” i nv es ti ga ti on r ep or ts . D av id R ay G ri ff in ’s b oo k T he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n R ep or t: O mi ss io ns a nd D is to rt io ns d is cu ss es t hi sT hi s p ap er d oe s n ot p re su me t o k no w w ha t h ap pe ne d o n 9 /1 1. I t m er el y c ol le ct s a nd o rg an iz es a va il ab le i nf or ma ti on . A lt ho ug h s ow ha t i t m ea ns . S ec ti on 8 p ro vi de s a b ri ef l is t o f r el ev an t q ue st io ns . ( Pl ea se n ot e t ha t a l ot o f i nf or ma ti on i s p ro vi de d i n t he e nd n otm ai ns tr ea m a rt ic le s a re d is ap pe ar in g f ro m i nt er ne t a rc hi ve s, s o l in ks t o o ri gi na l a rt ic le s m ay n ot w or k. T hi s i s e sp ec ia ll y t ru e f or t ha rt i cl es a re p r ov i de d w he re ve r p o ss ib le . ) S i mi l ar s tu di e s o n 9 / 11 a ir c ra f t m a y b e a va il a bl e a t h t tp : // se at t le 91 1v i si bi l it y pr o je ct . or g /9C o nt ro l le d D em ol i ti o n 1 .1 F ir s t e xp er t s s ug ge st e xp lo si v es w er e u se d. 1 .2 E xp l os iv es C o ns id er ed 1 . 2. 1 P r ob l em s w it h t h e D us t 1 .2 .

S y mm e tr i ca l , q u ic k ly , c om p le t el y 1 . 2. 4 S l ic ed S t ee l 1 . 2. 5 S q ui b s 1 . 2. 6 E j ec t ed m a te r ia l 1 . 2. 7 M o lt e n m et a l i n t h e B a se m en t s f o r w ee kM as si ve D es tr u ct i on 1 . 2. 11 A ft er g lo w 1 .2 .1 2 V ap or i ze d H um an s? 2 . 0 E y e a nd E ar W i tn es s R e po r ts 2 .1 S up p re ss io n o f P h ot o gr ap he xp lo si on s p ri or t o a ir cr af t i mp ac t a nd /o r e ma na ti ng f ro m l ow er f lo or s 2 .2 .2 R ep or ts o f e xp lo si on s p ro ba bl y a ft er a ir cr af t i mp ac t b utfl oor , lo bby , an d b asement o f N. To wer pr obab ly af ter ai rcraf t im pact bu t pr ior t o coll apse 2.2 .4 R epor ts of ex plo sion s and t ower s

by members of the NYC Fire Department 2.3.1 Attempt to Dis credit NYFD? 2.3.2 Statements going directly to the media 2.3.3 R eals er vi ce s d ur in g t he a tt ac ks 2 .3 .4 I nt er vi ew s a nd O ra l H is to ri es t ak en a ft er t he a tt ac ks 3 .0 H ow d oe s t he s ei sm ic d at a f it i n? 3 .1 T he

NIST conclus ions ? 3.3 Seis mic activity at time of aircraft impact 4.0 WTC Security 4.1 Ins urance 4.2 Damage to FB I Offices 4.3 Ann ot e o n “ Ur ba n R en ew al ” o f t he T wi n T ow er s 5 .0 H ist or y an d i ts R ev is io n 5 .1 T he H is to ry o f F ir e I nd uc ed C ol la ps e o f S tee l B ui ld iR evi si on is t T he or ies 5 .2 .1 F ir e T heo ry 5. 2. 2 S te el M el ted B y H ea t 5 .2 .3 S te el W ea ke ned B y He at 5 .2. 4 R ef ut at io n of E ar ly F ir e a ndS ym me tr ic al c ol la ps e 5 .2 .6 P an ca ke T he or y 5 .3 .0 T he F EM A B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce A ss es sm en t ( BP A) 5 .3 .1 E xe cu ti ve S um ma ry 5 .R ea ct io n t o t he F EM A B PA R ep or t 5 .3 .4 S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee rs 5 .3 .5 F ir ef ig ht er s 5 .3 .6 C on gr es s 5 .3 .7 M ed ia 5 .4 .0 T he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss iC om mi ss io n M ak eu p 5 .4 .3 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n B eh av io r 5 .5 .0 T he S il ve rs te in S tu di es 5 .6 .0 T he N IS T I nv es ti ga ti on 5 .6 .1 R ev ie w o f

m en ti on ed o r m is si ng 5 .6 .1 .2 O ri gi na l t ow er d es ig n f ea tu re s a nd c la im s 5 .6 .2 I nt er vi ew s 5 .6 .3 L ab T es ts : F ir e a nd N IS T 5 .6 .4 A na ly s NIST Simulation of Aircraft Damage to Tower Structure. 5.6.4.3 Des cending B lock Scenario during “collaps e initiation.” 5.6.4.4 WJo ne s o n K ev in R ya n a nd N IS T: 5 .6 .6 T he E ng in ee ri ng C om mu ni ty 5 .6 .7 P ur du e S tu dy : A NI ST p ro p? 5 .6. 8 S ec re cy 5 .6 .9 T he r ealf i le d a ga i ns t N I ST 5 .6 .1 1 M o re S c ie nt i st s A rc hi t ec ts a nd E n gi ne er s q ue st i on N IS T R e su lt s 5 .7 .0 H ow d o t he O f fi c ia l I n ve st i ga ti o nsA nt en na 5 .7 .3 A mo un t o f j et f ue l b ur ne d w it hi n t he W TC t ow er s 5 .7 .4 R ef er en ce s t o e xp lo si ve s, e xp lo si ve , o r a no ma lo us c ha ra ct er i




“ Pr o gr e ss iv e C o ll a ps e” ; M o de o f f a il u re ; N ew b u il d in g c od e s 6 . 0 B u sh S c ie n ce 7 . 0 A l te r na t iv e T h eo r ie s 7 . 1 S t ev en J o ne s T h er m itAt tac k Al ter nat iv e 8 .0 W ra pp in g i t u p w it h a f ew q ues ti on s 9 .0 F ai r U se N ot ic e A TV U ni ts a ss is t i n cl ea nu p S ep te mb er 1 1 2 00 1 – JF ir st e xp er ts s ug ge st e xp lo si ve s w er e u se d. O n S ep te mb er 1 1, 2 00 1, A me ri ca n e xp lo si ve s e xp er t V an R om er o s ai d: " My o pi ni on iW or ld T r ad e C en te r t he re w er e s om e e xp lo si ve d ev ic es i ns id e t he b ui ld in gs t ha t c au se d t he t ow er s t o c ol la ps e. ” T he A lb uq ue rq uthe towers is cons istent with a common terrorist strategy,” R omero said. “One of the things terrorist events are noted for is a dive“ A tt a ck e rs d e to n at e a n in i ti a l, d i ve r si o na r y ex p lo s io n t ha t a tt r ac t s em e rg e nc y p er s on n el t o t he s c en e , th e n de t on a te a s e co n d ex p lc or re ct , t he d iv er si on ar y a tt ac k w ou ld h av e b ee n t he c ol li si on o f t he p la ne s i nt o t he t ow er s. 1 0] T he n ex t d ay , M ar k T ay lo r, d em ol ian i mp lo si on .” 1 1] W ebst er T ar pl ey n ot es E ur opea n exp er t so ur ce s w ho i mm ed iat el y su gg est ed t he p ossi bi li ty o f e xp lo si ves i n th eL un d s ta te d: " an e st im at ed a mo un t o f c ir ca 1 t on s o f E xt ra h ig h- ex pl os iv es B om bs m us t h av e b ee n d et on at ed i ns id e t he W or ld T ra

in the manner they did." 12] Jens C laus Hansen, a high ranking officer of the Danish Military Academy, on 9/11/01 stated in an int he W TC t ow er s- -o th er wi se t he y w ou ld n ot h av e c ol la ps ed a s t he y a ct ua ll y d id .” F or me r N AT O G en er al K el d H il li ng so e i n t he s ai ns ta ll ed i ns id e b ui ld in gs .” O n S ep t 1 3, 2 00 1, H ug o B ac hm an n, P ro fe ss or E me ri tu s o f b ui ld in g d yn am ic s a nd e ar th q ua ke e ng in eei n Z u r ic h s a w t w o p o ss i b l e sc e n a ri o s , an d f e l t t h a t b ot h s h ou l d b e i n v e st i g a t ed . T h e f i r s t wa s f i r e a n d i ts e f f e ct s o n t he s t ee l s u ppq uo te d b y T ar pl ey n ot ed t ha t B ac hm an n “ co ul d i ma gi ne t ha t t he p er pe tr at or s h ad i ns ta ll ed e xp lo si ve s o n k ey s up po rt s i n a l ow er fW hy w ou ld e xp lo si ve s e xp er ts s ay t ha t e xp lo si ve s w er e u se d? E ri c H uf sc hm id , J . M . K in g, a nd m or e r ec en tl y D r. S te ve n J on es , ha pp ar en t r em ov al o f a ll s tr uc tu ra l s up po rt a nd t he n ea t d em ol it io n- li ke c ol la ps e o f t he t ow er s. 1 4] D r. J on es n ot es : “ Un li ke W TC 7,do wn ’ r at he r t han pr oce ed in g f ro m t he bo tt om - w hi ch i s un us ua l f or c on tr ol led de mo li ti on b ut cl ear ly p os si bl e, de pe nd ing on th e

propos ed by Eric Hufs chmid in his book Painful Ques tions , J ones notes that explos ives may have been placed on higher floors oearly explos ions near the region where the plane entered the tower: “C ertainly this hypothes is ought to be serious ly cons idered i1 5] Al th ou gh V an R om er o l at er “ ch an ge d h is m in d” , h e st il l a dm it te d t he co ll ap se s l oo ke d l ik e d em ol it io ns 1 6] T hi s i s t ru e i n a n uc ha ra ct er is ti cs o f t he W TC c ol la ps es c on si st en t w it h “ Co nt ro ll ed D em ol it io n” : 1 ) S ud de n O ns et ; 2 ) S tr ai gh t D ow n; 3 ) A lm os t F re eP ul ve ri za ti on o f C on cr et e a nd O th er M at er ia ls ; 7 ) D us t C lo ud s; 8 ) H or iz on ta l E je ct io ns ; 9 ) D em ol it io n R in gs ; 1 0) S ou nd s P ro du ce dth e Du st C on cr ete a nd a ll o th er n on -me ta ll ic o bj ec ts w er e pu lve riz ed t o d ust . R at her th an a pi li ng u p o f s hat ter ed co nc ret e as wec ol la ps e ( "o ff ic ia l t he or y" ), w e f in d t ha t m os t o f t he T ow er s m at er ia l ( co nc re te , c ar pe t, e tc .) i s c on ve rt ed t o f lo ur -l ik e p ow de r W HIHe nr ik M el va ng c lai ms h is f ou r h ou r v id eo sh ow s f ive d is ti nc t " DU ST C LO UDS " f ro m D em ol it io n B om bs e xp lo di ng f ar b el ow t hee ve nt i n t he c ol la ps e o f e ac h b ui ld in g w as a m us hr oo m c lo ud o f d us t a bo ve e ac h b ui ld in g. J ef f K in g ( 20 03 ), n ot es : " A g re at a mo ut he b ui ld in g v er y ear ly in t he c ol lap se. . . wh en ] c on cr ete sl ab s w ou ld h av e be en ] b ump ing in to e ach ot her at on ly] 2 0 o r 3 0 m ph .”the impact zones . 20] What is the energy s ource needed to produce this fine dus t at the beginning of the collaps es , before gravitf ro m C ha pt er 5 o f t he F EM A B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce A ss es sm en t, J im H of fm an e st im at ed t ha t t he d us t c lo ud f ro m t he N or th T ow er30 se co nd s o f t he s ta rt of t he co ll ap se . H e t he n c al cu lat ed t he en er gy r eq ui re d t o al low th e o bser ve d v ol um e of e xp an si on o f d us t,g rav it at io nal c ol lap se b y a f act or o f 1 0. 2 2] W TC C om pl ex : F ro m F EM A B PA 2 2] T hi s i s i n m ar ked c ont ras t t o t he o ff ic ial t he or y wt he g ra vi ta ti on al c ol la ps e e ne rg y w as n ec es sa ry t o c re at e t he p yr oc la st ic c lo ud o f d eb ri s. 2 3] 1 .2 .2 N or th T ow er A nt en na V id eo f rt he a dj ac en t c ol um ns p ri or t o c ol la ps e. 2 4] A s in ki ng a nt en na s ug ge st s t he b ui ld in g c or e f ai le d, w hi ch i s u su al ly h ow b ui ld in gs a reof the antenna at the top of Frame 7 is a bit longer, while the walls have not yet moved. This s uggests the antenna, and thus the bu

qu ic kl y, co mp lete ly T he c ol lapse s p ro gr ess r ap id ly , at alm ost f re e f al l sp eed , so t hey a re co mp lete d in u nd er 1 6 seco nd s 2 5] . T he c balanced and s ymmetrical manner, with debris falling largely within a s ymmetric boundary around the buildings ’ footprints . 26] S.G ri ff in h as n ot ed t ha t i n c on tr ol le d d em ol it io ns o f s te el -f ra me b ui ld in gs , e xp lo si ve s a re u se d t o s li ce t he s te el c ol um ns a nd b ea ms iI nc or po ra te d, t he c om pa ny s el ec te d t o r em ov e t he r ub bl e f ro m t he b om bi ng o f t he A lf re d P . M ur ra h b ui ld in g i n O kl ah om a C it y, wa dv er ti se s i ts a bi li ty t o d em ol is h s te el c ol um ns i nt o p ie ce s m at ch in g t he l if ti ng c ap ac it y o f a va il ab le e qu ip me nt . I nt er es ti ng ly m uco n s ta nd ar d f la tb ed t ra il er s. 2 8] J on es n ot es t ha t s li ci ng o f s te el f or d em ol it io n p ur po se s i s r ou ti ne ly d on e b y u se o f h ig h t em pe ra ta s t he rm it e, H MX , a nd R DX . 2 9] H e n ot es t he se “ cu tt er -c ha rg es ” a re t yp ic al ly p la ce d a t a bo ut a 4 5 d eg re e a ng le t o t he l en gt h o f tW or ke rs pl ace c ut te r c ha rg es i n b uil di ng d em ol it ion . Jo ne s 30 ] He a lso n ot es se ve ral i ns tan ces o f p ho tog ra ph s o f W TC wr eck ag ew ou ld b e e xp ec te d f ro m t he u se o f s uc h c ut te r c ha rg es . 3 1] J on es h as a ls o a rg ue d t ha t W TC c le an up c re ws u se d o nl y o xy -a ce ty lec ol um ns : J on es /H uf sc hm id 3 1] 1 .2 .5 S qu ib s P ho to gr ap hs s ho w s ym me tr ic al “ sq ui bs ” w el l b el ow c ol la ps in g f l oo rs . A s o pp os ed tc ol la ps e, t he se “ sq ui bs ” a re s ta ti on ar y a nd e re e ve nt ua ll y o ve rt ak en b y t he c ol la ps in g f lo or s. S uc h s qu ib s a re a ss oc ia te d w it h c on t

North Tower. C ourtes y Eric Hufs chmid 32] Griffin notes s till another common feature of collapses induced by explos ions are “de

r ap id ly a ro un d a b ui ld in g. 3 3] 1 .2 .6 E je ct ed m at er ia l S om e m at er ia l w as e je ct ed h or iz on ta ll y a t h ig h s pe ed s. O bj ec ts w er e t hr ow n lscatt er ed in 50 0 ft radius. S ome clips show materi al thr own upwar d, and bu ildin g fr ag ment s wer e found imbedded in sur roundi ng bS te el b ea m i mb ed de d i n W FC 3 3 5] W TC s te el i mb ed de d i n a dj ac en t b ui ld in g 3 4] D r. S te ph an G ro ss ma n h as p re se nt ed m uc h e vi d“coll apses” as well as t he r esult ing destr uct ion. He n otes a steel beam wei ghi ng 6 00,0 00 p ounds (27 0 met ri c t ons; about twi ce t heo ve r 3 90 f t, t o i mb ed d ee pl y i nt o t he W or ld F in an ci al C en te r 3 . 3 5] 1 .2 .7 S ur fa ce H ot S po ts F iv e d ay s a ft er t he c ol la pse , o n S ep te mA dm in is tr at io n ( NA SA ) u se d a n A ir bo rn e V is ib le /I nf ra re d I ma gi ng S pe ct ro me te r ( AV IR IS ) t o c ol le ct t he rm al d at a a t t he W TC s iti n t he r eg io n o f c ol la ps e. A na ly si s o f t he d at a i nd ic at ed t em pe ra tu re s g re at er t ha n 8 00 d eg F i n t he se h ot s po ts ( so me o ve r 1 30 0 d eg1. 2.8 M ol ten m et al in t he B aseme nts f or we eks T he su rf ace ho t spot s w ere i ndi cat iv e o f wh at was b el ow the sur face: N umer ous coW TC l ite rat ur e. A cco rdi ng t o M ar k L oiz eau x, p resi den t o f C DI , "p oo ls o f m ol ten st eel wer e f ou nd ” a t t he b ot tom s o f t he e lev at or" th re e, f ou r, a nd f iv e w ee ks l at er , w he n t he r ub bl e w as b ei ng r em ov ed ." A s h as b ee n n ot ed , c on st ru ct io n s te el h as a n e xt re me ly h iC el si us ]. 3 7] S te ve n J on es c it es s ev er al c on fi rm at io ns o f m ol te n m et al , i nc lu di ng D r K ei th E at on , a nd L es li e R ob er ts on , W TC s tr ue vi de nc e r eg ar di ng t hi s m et al a t g ro un d z er o. 3 9] T he o bs er ve r n ot es t ha t t he o bs er ve d s ur fa ce o f t hi s m et al i s s ti ll r ed di sh or an ge sF eb ru ar y 2 00 2 N ew Y or k T im es a rt ic le n ot ed t ha t p ie ce s o f s te el w er e f ou nd t ha t w er e " ap pa re nt ly m el te d a nd v ap or iz ed n ot s ol elcorros ive contaminant that was s omehow releas ed in the conflagrations . This Swis s cheese appearance s hocked all of the firewis-but not holes." 40] Thi s anomaly was cited i n Appendix C of the FEM A R epor t. 1. 2.10 Massive Destr uction On S ep tember 8, 200 2E ng in ee rs, ap pe ar ed o n T he Hi st or y C ha nne l. O 'D ow d, w ho i s n o st ra ng er to d isas te r sc en es, h ad ne ver se en an yt hi ng l ik e t he r es it es ," h e s ai d, " it s ee me d l ik e e ve ry th in g w as p ul ve ri ze d. " T he re w as n ot hi ng r ec og ni za bl e i n t he d eb ri s - - n ot hi ng t o i nd ic at e t haf u nc t io n in g 1 0, 0 00 , 00 0 -s qu a re - fo ot o f fi c e b u il di n g. O 'D ow d h a d b e en p r es en t a t t h e s ce ne o f t h e p ar t ia ll y c ol l ap s ed O kl a ho m a C i t




M ur ra h b ui ld in g w as d ef in it el y f ac il it at ed b y o ne o r m or e p ow er fu l e xp lo si ve c ha rg es , t he d eb ri s f ro m t ha t c ol la ps e w as n ot p ul vet ow er s, w hi ch p re su ma bl y w as ac te d o n o nl y b y g ra vi ty . 4 1] D r G ro ss ma n p ro vi de s a n i ma ge f ro m C NN .c om s ho wi ng d am ag e t o dt he m or e u nu su al a rt if ac ts t o e me rg e f ro m t he r ub bl e w as a n o bj ec t w hi ch h as c om e t o b e k no wn a s " th e m et eo ri te " a c om bi na ti oelement. 43] 1.2.11 Afterglow Many videos show an afterglow or a “flare” at the end of the collapses of both the North and Souths ho wi ng t hi s e ff ec t. 4 4] A ft er gl ow o f W TC 1 C ol la ps e 4 4] 1 .2 .1 2 V ap or iz ed H um an s? A cc or di ng t o a n A ss oc ia te P re ss a rt ic le o f 1 /1C it y o f N ew Y or k, t ri gg er ed a n a ng ry r es po ns e w he n h e t ol d g ri ev in g r el at iv es t ha t m an y b od ie s h ad b ee n " va po ri ze d. " T he g oa l ov ic ti ms . D r. M ic ha el B ad en , t he s ta te 's c hi ef f or en si c p at ho lo gi st s ai d t ha t m os t b od ie s s ho ul d b e i de nt if ia bl e b ec au se t he f ir es . .. d il ev el n ec es sa ry t o i nc in er at e a b od y. D r. C yr il W ec ht , a t op f or en si c p at ho lo gi st i n P it ts bu rg h s ai d t he c om bi na ti on o f f ir e a nd c ot o a s ma ll a mo un t o f t is su e a nd b on e. 4 5] A ft er o ne y ea r, H ir sc h' s o ff ic e h ad i de nt if ie d 1 ,4 01 v ic ti ms . 4 6] A lm os t s ix y ea rs l at er , a s o

i de nt if ia bl e r em ai ns . 4 7] A ft er t he O kl ah om a C it y b om bi ng , a ll 1 68 p eo pl e k il le d w er e e ve nt ua ll y i de nt if ie d. A nd t he t ow er s, a cc ort ha n t he e ff ec ts o f f ir e an d g rav it y. 2 .0 E ye an d E ar W it ness R ep or ts 2 .1 Su ppr essi on o f P hot ogr aph ic E vid en ce ? P ho tog rap hs at“humanitarian” reas ons . Tarpley notes R udolph Giuliani’s autobiography Leaders hip, in which he s tates “I noticed a dis turbing pc am er as a nd h an d h el d v id eo c am er as . I u nd er st oo d t he i mp ul se …A t t he s am e t im e, t hi s w as a c ri me s ce ne a nd a d an ge ro us o ne .as t he y sco ut ed ou t t he be st a ng le fo r th ei r sna ps ho ts .” T he r esu lt wa s hi s i nf am ous o rd er t ha t al l ph ot os wer e i ll ega l a rou nd t he com e d i a g en e r a ll y d i d n o t r e p o rt e x p l o si o n s . R e po r t s c o n t in u e t o s u r f ac e h o w e ve r , a n d t h e re i s n o w m u c h p h ot o g r ap h i c 4 9 ] a n d e ya ct ua ll y d id o cc ur w it hi n t he T wi n T ow er s p ri or t o t he ir c ol la ps e. S te ve E va ns , B BC 5 9] M ik e P ec or ar o, E ng in ee r 5 4] W . R od ri gu ezi mp ac t a nd /o r e ma na ti ng f ro m l ow er f lo or s A ll d am ag e i n b ot h t ow er s w as i mp li ci tl y a ss um ed i n t he “ Of fi ci al S to ry ” t o h av e o cc ura ll r ep or ts su pp or t t he se v ie ws : T he C hr is ti an S ci en ce M on it or r ep or te d t he e xp er ie nc e o f T om E ll io tt , w ho w as a t w or k i n h is o ff i1 03 rd f lo or o f t he S ou th t ow er . S om et im e a ft er 8 :3 0 a .m ., a b ri gh t f la sh o f l ig ht s ta rt le d h im , a nd a r um bl e s ho ok t he s tr uc tu re . F laa lo ng w it h d ar k s mo ke a nd d eb ri s, b ur ni ng p ap er a nd a sh . E ll io tt a nd t wo o th er s h ea de d d ow n t he b ui ld in g s ta ir we ll . A s t he y r ea chi nt o t he 7 8t h f lo or o f t he ir t ow er a t 9 :0 3 a .m . A lt ho ug h i ts s pe ct ac ul ar ly t el ev is ed i mp ac t w as a bo ve E ll io t, a t f ir st h e a nd t ho se a roin cr ed ib le s ou nd – h e cal ls i t an “ exp lod in g sou nd ” – sho ok th e bu il di ng and a t orn ad o of ho t ai r a nd sm ok e and c ei li ng ti les and bm e, t he w al l s pl it f ro m t he b ot to m u p. ” 5 0] W il li am R od ri gu ez , a ge 4 4, w or ke d a t t he W TC f or 2 0 y ea rs i n b ui ld in g m ai nt en an ce . HT ow er w he n i t w as h it b y f li gh t 1 1. " Wh en I h ea rd t he s ou nd o f t he e xp lo si on , t he f lo or b en ea th m y f ee t v ib ra te d, t he w al ls s ta rt eR od ri gu ez , w ho w as h ud dl ed t og et he r w it h a t l ea st 1 4 o th er p eo pl e i n t he o ff ic e. " Se co nd s a ft er … . I h ea r a no th er e xp lo si on f ro mt he t im e, t hi s w as t he a ir pl an e h it ti ng t he t ow er … " R od ri gu ez s ai d A nt ho ny S al ta ma ch ia , s up er vi so r f or t he A me ri ca n M ai nt en anr ea dy t o v er if y hi s st or y. S ubs eq ue ntl y R odr ig uez h el ped t o sa ve hu ndr eds o f p eo pl e i n t he No rt h t ower , b y o pe nin g d oor s wi th a

back at the 39th floor. He als o added that he heard a s eries of s mall explos ions going off between the 20th and 30th floors while mA lt ho ug h i ni ti al ly c on si de re d a n o ff ic ia l h er o, h e s oo n c on cl ud ed t ha t t he e xp lo si on s o cc ur ri ng b ef or e f li gh t 1 1 h it t he t ow er p ro vdemolition. In an effort to open a fair and honest investigation as to why the WTC collapsed, R odriguez has approached and beenand t he N at io nal In st it ute of S tan da rd s and T ec hn ol og y ( NI ST ). As of 20 05 , he wa s b ei ng r ep resen ted b y At tor ne y Ph il B er g i n a5 1] O th er i nd ep en de nt r ep or ts c or ro bo ra te e xp lo si on s e ma na ti ng f ro m t he b as em en t, b ut i t i s n ot c le ar i f t he se o cc ur re d p ri or t o a irwa s wo rk ing i n t he s ub bas em en t l ev el o f t he No rt h T ow er , g iv es a h ar ro wi ng ey ew it ness a cc oun t of n ume ro us gr ou nd a nd su bbaCh iefengi neer. For example, fr om D l evel: The t wo decided to ascend th e st air s t o t he C level, to a smal l machi ne shop wher e Vito

When the two arrived at the C level, they found the machine s hop gone. “Ther e was nothing there but rubble” Mike s aid. “We'rem ad e t he ir w ay t o t he p ar ki ng g ar ag e, b ut f ou nd t ha t i t, t oo , w as g on e. “ Th er e w er e n o w al ls , t he re w as r ub bl e o n t he f lo or , a nd y oo cc ur re nc e, t he n ot io n t ha t a ll l ow er f lo or d am ag e w as c au se d b y a ir cr af t i mp ac t/ fi re ba ll s i s f ur th er r ef ut ed b y t es ti mo ny f ro m N YFT ow er e le va to rs , w hi ch s er vi ce d t he l ow er 3 0 f lo or s, w er e “ bl ow n o ff t he h in ge s ” f ro m b el ow . C ra ig T . F ur lo ng a nd G or do n R os s,L ie ut en an t W al sh w as r ef er ri ng t o l oc al e le va to rs w hi ch s er vi ce d f lo or s 3 4 d ow n t o t he l ow es t l ev el o f t he b ui ld in g, L ev el B 6 i n tgo a bo ve f lo or 34 , t he y co ul d n ot ha ve b een a ff ect ed b y a ir cra ft i mp ac t b et wee n f lo ors 9 4- 98. Fu rl on g an d R oss co ncl ude t ha t e xpa ir cr af t i mp ac t. 5 3] 2 .2 .2 R ep or ts o f e xp lo si on s p ro ba bl y a ft er a ir cr af t i mp ac t b ut p ri or t o c ol la ps e. A cc or di ng t o S co tt F or be s, a seo ff ic es i n t he f or me r W TC , F id uc ia ry e mp lo ye es t ra pp ed b et we en t he 9 0- 97 th f lo or s o f t he S ou th T ow er t ol d f am il y m em be rs ( vi ae x p l os i o n s" t h r ou g h o ut t h e t o w e rs . F or b e s , w h o ha d h el p e d p r e p ar e t h e S o u t h T o w e r f o r a n u n u s ua l p ow e r ou t a g e t h e w ee k e n d bo ff , a nd s aw t he t ow er s c ol la ps e o n T V. 5 4] K im W hi te , 3 2, a n e mp lo ye e o n t he 8 0t h f lo or , r ep or te d h ea ri ng a n e xp lo si on . " Al l o fdidn't know what was going on ... We got down as far as the 74th floor ... then there was another explosion." 55] Teresa Veliz, who" Th e f la sh li gh t l ed u s i nt o B or de rs b oo ks to re , u p a n e sc al at or a nd o ut t o C hu rc h S tr ee t. T he re w er e e xp lo si on s g oi ng o ff e ve ry wh

over the place and s omeone was s itting at a control panel pus hing detonator buttons . I was afraid to go down C hurch Street towaS tr ee t. T he re w as a no th er e xp lo si on . A nd a no th er . I d id n' t k no w w he re t o r un ." 5 6] O n S ep t. 1 1 t he B ri ti sh B ro ad ca st in g C or p. ( BBSt ev e Ev an s: I w as o n t he gr oun d fl oor … T her e was hu ge ba ng… B ut sec on ds la te r, t her e wer e tw o or t hre e s im il ar hu ge ex pl osi

people came - I nearly s aid s creaming, but they weren't s creaming - it was a mild panic… We all s treamed out, s ome people runninth e ro ad an d y ou l oo k up an d yo u can see t he to p of o ne of th e to wer s, sm oke b il lo wi ng o ut f rom i t, th e o dd f lame co mi ng o ut o f tt he 2 2n d f lo or , l ob by , a nd b as em en t o f N . T ow er p ro ba bl y a ft er a ir cr af t i mp ac t b ut p ri or t o c ol la ps e M em be rs o f t he W TC s ec ur itt he 2 2n d f lo or p ri or t o c ol la ps e, t o r es cu e s ev er al t ra pp ed e mp lo ye es . 5 8] T he 2 2n d f lo or w as a ls o a ff ec te d b y f ir e. O n S ep te mb er 1t ak en s te ps t o s ec ur e t he t ow er s a ga in st a er ia l a tt ac ks b y i ns ta ll in g b ul le tp ro of w in do ws a nd f ir ep ro of d oo rs i n t he 2 2n d- fl oo r c omw as s ea le d, " s ai d H er mi na ] J on es , w ho w as i n t he c om ma nd c en te r w he n e xp lo si on s r oc ke d t he b ui ld in g. " Fl am es w er e s ho ot in gdo or s. T he F ir e De pa rt men t un se al ed th e do or an d gr ab be d u s b y t he ha nd a nd sa id , ' Ru n! ' " 59 ] A cc or di ng t o P et er W on g, w hot wo I D c he ck po in ts : " I h ea rd t he s ou nd o f b ro ke n g la ss , s me ll ed b ur ni ng g as w ha t k in d o f g as ?? ], a d oo r b lo wn o ff a bo ut t we nt y f

back and hid mys elf at the middle elevator of the B lue C ros s /B lue Shield s ection when the s tronges t wave of explos ion pas s ed by NY1.com reported the following: “B rian R eeves, a 34-year-old s ecurity guard, was nearly killed while making the rounds in the lob

to run after hearing an explos ion that he said sounded like a missile, but he was knocked down by a fireball that roared down the ev er if ie d t he o ri gi n o f t he f ir eb al l. O n M ar ch 1 1 2 00 2, C BS a ir ed a f il m c on si st in g l ar ge ly o f d oc um en ta ry f oo ta ge o n t he f ir ef ig ht er st h e c o ll a p s e of t h e t o w e rs . 6 2 ] T h e f oo t a g e w as t a k e n b y a t ea m o f t w o F r en c h b r o th e r s , Ju l e s a n d G e de o n N a ud e t , w ho h a v e n ocap tu re of Fl igh t 1 1 st ri kin g t he No rth T ower as me re ly lu ck, whe n t hey a ct ual ly ma y ha ve kn ow n wh at wa s g oi ng to h ap pen . 6 3]l ob by , m in ut es a ft er t he f ir st a ir cr af t s tr uc k, h e s aw v ic ti ms o n f ir e, a s ce ne h e f ou nd t oo h or ri fi c t o f il m. 6 4] H ow ev er , t o t he ir su rp




c om pl et el y u ne xp ec te d: w id es pr ea d d am ag e t o t he e nt ir e l ob by a re a o f t he N or th t ow er . O ve r a nd o ve r, t he se p ro fe ss io na l f ir ef ig hi n t hi s a re a. A cc or di ng t o a W or ld T ra de C en te r T as k F or ce d ep os it io n f ro m t he N ew Y or k T im es A rc hi ve s, " Th e l ob by l oo ke d l ik" in fo rm ed .. . b y c er ta in f ed er al o ff ic ia ls " t ha t t he l ob by d am ag e o cc ur re d b ec au se ‘ bu rn in g j et f ue l’ h ad p ou re d e ig ht y s to ri es d owUnex pect ed dama ge o n the 22 nd f loo r and b asement o f t he N . T ower pr ior t o co ll apse was also at tr ib ut ed to th is f ir ebal l. P hi ll ip Mt hr own to t he g ro un d b y t wo ex pl osi ons w hi le i n t he f our th s ub ba se me nt of t he No rt h T ower . T he f ir st , wh ich th re w hi m t o t he g rfollowed by a larger blast that again threw him to the ground and this time blew out walls. He then made his way to the South To

plane hit, again as s ociated with a powerful underground blas t. 66] 2.2.4 R eports of explos ions and tower s waying at the time of col pulled alive from the wreckage of the World Trade C enter. She was dis covered on Sept 12, 2001, 27 hours after the towers had fallf lo or o f t he N or th T ow er . O n t he 1 3t h- fl oo r l an di ng , M cM il la n h ea rd a r um bl e. " A b ig e xp lo si on ," s he n ow c al ls i t. " Th e w al l I w a

s id e, " s he s ay s. S he w as s tr ug gl in g t o r ea ch a f ri en d " wh en t he r ub bl e j us t k ep t c om in g d ow n. .. .E ve ry th in g j us t k ep t c om in g h ar deSeptember 11 , 2001 Fox 5 News video, Reti red C olonel Donn De Gr and Pre not es: "A few seconds aft er 10:00 a. m. we see a gr eatSo ut h] to wer . T he an cho r g al ex cl ai ms 'T her e i s an e xpl osio n at t he ba se o f t he b ui ld in g… wh it e smo ke f rom t he bo tt om… som ete xp lo si on ! … '" 6 8] C on or O 'C le ry s ta te d o n s ee in g t he S ou th t ow er c ol la ps e: " I s hi ft ed m y e ye s u pw ar ds t o t he f ir st t ow er t ha t h amore people had appeared in the upper s tories where they had smashed windows. The man with the white cloth was still there, ht he a by ss . I w on de re d w hy t he re w as n o a tt em pt t o r es cu e t he m b y h el ic op te r a s p ar t o f t he r oo f o f t he 1 35 0- fo ot b ui ld in g w as c lea nd t wo p eo pl e f el l i n q ui ck s uc ce ss io n f ro m t he w in do ws a s i f u na bl e t o m ai nt ai n t he ir g ri p. .. .T he n t he b ui ld in g c ol la ps ed ] ." 6 9] 2 .D ep ar tm en t 2 .3 .1 A tt em pt t o D is cr ed it N YF D? A cc or di ng t o T ar pl ey , m em be rs o f t he N YF D w er e t he g re at es t i mm ed ia te t hr ea t t ot ow er s. F or t hi s r ea so n h e a rg ue s, t he y w er e t he t ar ge t o f p sy ch ol og ic al w ar fa re . S to ri es w er e c ir cu la te d a bo ut l oo ti ng b y t he N Yt he t ow er s h ad c ol la ps ed . G iu li an i t ri ed t o l im it t he n um be r o f f ir em en w or ki ng o n t he W TC r ub bl e p il e, w ho w er e t ry in g t o r ec ov er em ov ed . A f ir ef ig ht er d em on st ra ti on a ga in st h is W TC p ol ic ie s d eg en er at ed i nt o a f ul l s ca le r io t b et we en t he f ir ef ig ht er s a nd t he pg iv e a n a cc ou nt in g b y f ir st r es po nd er s t o t he 9 /1 1 t ra ge dy : 1 ) S ta te me nt s g oi ng d ir ec tl y t o t he m ed ia ; 2 ) R ea l t im e a ud io ta pe s o f catt ack s, so me of wh ich ha ve f ound t hei r way to t he medi a; an d 3 ) or al h ist or ies or i nt er vi ews t aken i n i nt er vi ew f or mat af ter t he at tS ep te mb er 1 2, 2 00 1 i ssu e o f P eo pl e W ee kl y m ag az in e, L ou ie C ac ch io li t el ls o f h is r es cu e w or k i ns id e t he S ou th t ow er : " I w as t ak ito g et in a po sit io n to eva cuat e w or ker s. On t he last t rip up a bo mb wen t of f. W e t hi nk th er e wa s bo mb s set i n th e b ui ld ing ." 7 1] S ht he N ew Y or k F ir e D ep ar tm en t] r ec ei ve d w or d o f t he p os si bi li ty o f a s ec on da ry d ev ic e, t ha t i s a no th er b om b g oi ng o ff . H e t ri ed t owa s an ot he r ex pl os io n wh ich t oo k pl ace , a nd t hen an ho ur af te r t he f ir st hi t, t he f ir st cr ash t hat t oo k pl ace , h e s ai d th er e w as a no to bv io us ly a cc or di ng t o h is t he or y h e t hi nk s t ha t t he re w er e a ct ua ll y d ev ic es t ha t w er e p la nt ed i n t he b ui ld in g. 7 2] 2 .3 .3 R ea l t im ed ur in g t he a tt ac ks A cc or di ng t o t he N ew Y or k T im es , t he C it y o f N ew Y or k h el d h un dr ed s o f d oc um en ts a nd a ud io t ap es r ec or di1 1 a tt ac ks o n t he W TC , w hi ch i t s ai d s ho ul d n ev er b e r el ea se d t o t he g en er al p ub li c. T he B lo om be rg A dm in is tr at io n, i n r es po ns e tT i m e s, c i t e d a n u m b e r o f r e as o n s f o r k e ep i n g t h e d o cu m e n t s se c r e t . T h es e i n c l u de d c i t i n g i t s v al u e i n t h e g o v e rn m e n t 's c a s e a g a i' '2 0t h h ij ac ke r. ” “ Th e a dm in is tr at io n h as a rg ue d t ha t r el ea si ng t he se m at er ia ls w ou ld b e a n i nv as io n o f p ri va cy f or t he f am il ie s o f twho res ponded to the dis as ter s cene.” Michael A. C ardozo, the city's corporation couns el. Noted “both the oral his tories and theh i gh l y p er s on al a n d e mo t io n al l y c ha r ge d m at e ri a l. V i ct i ms w er e r e co r de d a s t h ey w e re e xp e ri e nc i ng l i fe - th r ea te n in g c i rc u ms t an c ew as f il ed i n M ay , T he T im es r ej ec te d e ac h o f t he c it y' s c la im s, a rg ui ng t ha t m uc h o f t he m at er ia l r ef le ct ed i nf or ma ti on a nd i ma ge s

t hr ou gh n ew s a cc ou nt s, d oc um en ta ri es a nd b oo ks . I nc lu de d i n t he m at er ia l t he a dm in is tr at io n s ai d s ho ul d n ev er b ec om e p ub li c wf ir ef ig ht er s a nd c hi ef s a ft er S ep t. 1 1. A dm in is tr at io n o ff ic ia ls s ay t ha t t he f ir ef ig ht er s a nd c hi ef s w er e p ro mi se d c on fi de nt ia li ty w hF ir e D ep ar tm en t h ow ev er , w ho s po ke o n t he c on di ti on o f a no ny mi ty , a dv is ed t he T im es t ha t t he f ir ef ig ht er s w er e, i n f ac t, n ev er t olh is to ri es a re m or e t ha n f or h is to ri ca l p ur po se s, '' s ai d t he f or me r o ff ic ia l, . ' 'T he y a re o f g re at v al ue t o u nd er st an di ng w ha t h ap pe net he m. '' 7 5] I n r es po ns e t o a p et it io n b y t he N ew Y or k T im es, w hi ch h ad b ee n t ry in g t o g et c op ie s o f t he se m at er ia ls , N ew Y or k S ta t2 00 3 t ha t t he c it y h ad n ot p ro vi de d s uf fi ci en t r ea so n f or w it hh ol di ng t he se d oc um en ts . T he C it y o f N Y i ni ti al ly a pp ea le d t hi s r ul in

New York Tapes . (s ee s ection 5.4) The B loomberg Adminis tration res ponded that the mayor was "dis mayed" by the s ubpoena ancom mi ssi on af ter i t w as edi ted t o r em ov e th e in tens el y emo tio na l st at em ent s of pe op le wh o l ost th ei r l ive s o r w ho se li ves wer e i n jc i ty ' s f a il u re t o p r od u ce t h es e i m po r ta n t d o cu m en t s h a s s i gn i fi c an t ly i m pe d ed t h e c o mm i ss i on ' s i n ve st i ga t io n ," T h e M a yo r ’s o f fi ct r y i n g t o d i st r a c t t h e p u bl i c b y f o c u si n g o n t h e c i t y 's r e s p o n se a s o p p o s ed t o t h e q u e s t i on w e a l l w a n t a n s we r e d — h o w t h i s s av aw ar ni ng . “ 7 7] A " co mp ro mi se " w as r ea ch ed . A cc or di ng t o t he N ew Y or k T im es , I n a n a br up t r ev er sa l, t he B lo om be rg A dm in is tre me rg en cy 9 11 c al ls a nd o th er m at er ia ls s ou gh t b y t he C om mi ss io n. “ Un de r t he d ea l, t he c it y s ec ur ed t he r ig ht t o b lo ck o ut i nf or m

a ll ow p an el m em be rs o n t he ir p re mi se s t o r ev ie w t he u ne di te d v er si on s o f t ho se r ec or ds . N ot es c ou ld b e t ak en . 7 8] I n t he f in al c oc o nt a in i ng t h e o p in i on s a n d r e co m me n da t io n s o f t h e i n te r vi e we e s a n d d i sp a tc h er s w i ll b e r e d a ct e d, " s i n ce s u c h o p in i on s a n d r e cm at er ia l. " 7 7] A pp ar en tl y t he N ew Y or k S up re me C ou rt , a s w el l a s t he C it y o f N ew Y or k, d o n ot t ru st t he o pi ni on s o f t ho se e nt ru sto nl y e xp re ss io ns o f p er so na l f ee li ng s. T hi s s up pr es si on o f f ir ef ig ht er c om me nt s w as p er ha ps m ad e m or e p al at ab le b y d is cr ed it in g" re da ct ed " v er si on s t o b e r el ea se d c ou ld b e a pp ea le d t o t he N ew Y or k C ou rt o f A pp ea ls , b ut t he N ew Y or k T im es h as n ot i nd ic at eT el l H or ro r Of 9 /1 1 ( Par t 2 ) J un e 1 7, 2 00 2 " Ta pe s R el ea se d F or F ir st T im e, " t he q uo te d d ia lo g r ef er en ce s e xp lo si on s: " Of fi ci al : B atO ff ic ia l: B at ta li on 3 t o d is pa tc h, w e' ve h ad a dd it io na l e xp lo si on . D is pa tc he r: R ec ei ve d b at ta li on c om ma nd . A dd it io na l e xp lo si on ."t h e d ec i s i on w a s ma d e t o s u p p r es s s uc h c o mm u n i ca t i o ns . I n t er e s t i ng l y , ac c e ss t o t he o r i gi n a l " lo s t " au d i o ta p e o f f i r e f ig h t e r s, s h os ev er el y r es tr ic te d b y t he J us ti ce D ep ar tm en t. T he r el at iv es o f t he 1 6 f ir ef ig ht er s w ho se v oi ce s w er e i de nt if ie d o n t he t ap e w er e a lls ig n a s ta te me nt p re pa re d b y l aw ye rs t ha t t he y w ou ld n ot d is cl os e w ha t w as s ai d o n t he t ap e. 8 0] S en io r F DN Y o ff ic ia ls a ls o h eat he b eh es t o f f ed er al p ro se cu to rs i n V ir gi ni a, w ho “ pl an ed t o u se a c op y a t t he t ri al o f a cc us ed ‘ 20 th h ij ac ke r’ Z ac ar ia s M ou ss ao ui ”a tt ac ks S ub se qu en t t o h is c om me nt s r eg ar di ng e xp lo si on s t o t he p re ss , T ur i w as “ in te rv ie we d” , p ro vi di ng t he f ol lo wi ng c la ri fi ca til oo ki ng a t t he s ou th t ow er , s om ew he re a bo ut h al fw ay u p, m y i ni ti al r ea ct io n w as t he re w as a s ec on da ry e xp lo si on , a nd t he e nt ir e f lr ea li ze d t ha t t he b ui ld in g h ad s ta rt ed t o c ol la ps e a lr ea dy a nd t hi s w as t he a ir b ei ng c om pr es se d a nd t ha t i s t he f lo or t ha t l et g o. A nt ha t t hi s b ui ld in g w as c ol la ps in g a nd I t ur ne d a ro un d a nd m os t e ve ry bo dy w as a he ad o f m e r un ni ng f or t he g ar ag e… . T he N ew Y o

pos ted on the internet as “Turi’s Own Words .” 82] Very telling oral his tories were releas ed in 2005, and reported by the New Yor by 503 FDNY firefighters , EMTs , and paramedics , collected from October 2001 through J anuary 2002. For example, firefighter Edwas li ke an i nt er nal de to nat ion , exp lo si ves, b ecau se it w ent i n su ccessi on , bo om , bo om , boo m, b oo m, an d t hen t he t owe r cam e d o




t he p la ne h it .” 8 3] A ss is ta nt f ir e c om mi ss io ne r S te ph en G re go ry p ro vi de s a dd it io na l i ns ig ht s: W he n I l oo ke d i n t he d ir ec ti on o f t hed ow n, I s aw l ow -l ev el f la sh es . I n m y c on ve rs at io n w it h L ie ut en an t E va ng el is ta , n ev er m en ti on in g t hi s t o h im , h e q ue st io ne d m e a n

building, and I agreed with him becaus e I thought -- at that time I didn't know what it was . I mean, it could have been as a res ult of la sh f la sh f la sh a nd t he n i t l oo ke d l ik e t he b ui ld in g c am e d ow n. Q ue st io n: . W as t ha t o n t he l ow er l ev el o f t he b ui ld in g o r u p w he r

building. You know like when they demolis h a building, how when they blow up a building, when it falls down? That's what I thoasked me. He said I don't know if I'm crazy, but I just wanted to ask you because you were standing right next to me... He said did

jus t me. He s aid no, I s aw them, too. 84] In J anuary of 2006, an article entitled “Explosive Tes timony: R evelations about the Twin Ta pp ea re d. 8 5] G ri ff in r ef er en ce d r ou gh ly 3 1 w it ne ss es t o e xp lo si on s. G ra em e M ac Qu ee n p ro vi de d a dd it io na l r es ea rc h t o t ry t o e stfound, and to s ee if there were any witnes s es whos e tes timony s upported a nonexplos ive collaps e of the Towers . 86] MacQueen

c oe rc io n o f t he i nt er vi ew ee s b y i nt er vi ew er s. H ow ev er , t he o ra l h is to ri es s ho w h ow m an y p eo pl e w ho o ri gi na ll y t ho ug ht t he y h ad( as d id A lb er t T ur i, w ho se a cc ou nt s a pp ea re d i n t he m ai ns tr ea m m ed ia s oo n a ft er t he a tt ac ks ), b el ie vi ng t he y w er e m is ta ke n, o ft e“ pa nc ak in g. ” “ We n ow h av e s ol id e vi de nc e t ha t, f or t he F DN Y, n on -e xp lo si ve c ol la ps e i s, i nd ee d, a r ev is io ni st t he or y. ” S ti ll , e ve nc on st it ut es e xp re ss io n o f a b el ie f i n t he “ ex pl os iv e h yp ot he si s ( EH )” v er su s a “ no n- ex pl os iv e h yp ot he si s” (N EH ), h e f in ds 1 18 o ut

NEH. 87] Thes e ins ights may afford more credibility to an apparently far-fetched s tory appearing much earlier. Auxiliary fireman Lspo ke of b om bs i n t he t ow er s: “M an y o the r f ir em en kn ow t her e w er e b om bs i n t he bu il di ngs, bu t th ey ’r e af ra id f or t he ir j obs t o af ac t. ” I sa ac f ur th er e la bo ra te d t ha t f or me r C IA d ir ec to r R ob er t W oo ls ey , a s t he F ir e D ep ar tm en t’ s A nt i- te rr or is m C on su lt an t, w as ss ho w a ud io a nd v id eo o f N YF D f ir ef ig ht er s d es cr ib in g a s er ie s o f e xp lo si on s i n t he t ow er s: “ fl oo r b y f lo or i t s ta rt s p op pi n’ o ut …I tAs if they were planned to take down t he buil ding Boom boom boom boom boom” 89] L ouie C acchiol i with lif e size photo in back

boom ” 89] 3.0 How does the s eis mic data fit in? 3.1 The Earthquakes Seis mic waves from the collaps es of the towers were record by Lamont-Doherty for C olumbia Univers ity Lamont-Doherty Earth Obs ervatory: LDEO] . The clos es t s tation, at Palisades N.Y., 21e ar th s ha ki ng , a t t he t im e o f a ir cr af t i mp ac t, b ut r ec or de d s ig ni fi ca nt e ar th qu ak e a ct iv it y a ro un d t he t im e o f e ac h c ol la ps e. T he P al io f 1 0- se co nd d ur at io n d ur in g c ol la ps e o f t he S ou th T ow er a t 9 :5 9: 04 a nd a 2 .3 q ua ke d ur in g t he 8 -s ec on d c ol la ps e o f t he N or th T oa ir cr af t i mp ac t a nd t ow er c ol la ps e 9 1] A cc or di ng t o t he o ft en q uo te d A me ri ca n F re e P re ss ( AF P) , " A h ug e s ei sm ic s pi ke m ar ke d tT he s tr on ge st j ol ts w er e a ll r eg is te re d a t t he b eg in ni ng o f t he c ol la ps es , w el l b ef or e t he f al li ng d eb ri s s tr uc k t he e ar th ." 9 2] A cc or ds ei sm ic w av es p ea ke d b ef or e t he t ow er s h it t he g ro un d. A sk ed a bo ut t he se s pi ke s s ei sm ol og is t A rt hu r L er ne r- La m, d ir ec to r o f C olt ol d A FP , "T hi s i s an el em en t o f cu rr ent r ese ar ch an d di sc us si on . I t is s ti ll b ei ng i nv es ti gat ed ." 9 3] Ho wev er , wh il e A FP as sum esfo rm of exp losi ons, LDE O, in it s rep or t : “S eismi c W aves Gen erat ed b y Ai rcr af t I mpa cts and B ui ldi ng C oll apses at W TC , N Y, ” ac ol la ps es ( i. e. , m at er ia l h it ti ng t he g ro un d, o ve r a 1 0 a nd 8 s ec on d p er io d) a nd w er e c on si de re d s ma ll , t he e ne rg y b ei ng a bs or be dh av e a pp ar en tl y i nc or re ct ly b ee n t ak en a s t he t im e f or c ol la ps e o f t he t ow er s. C al cu la ti on s d on e b y D er ri ck P . G ri mm er , P h. D. i nd ir ep re se nt ed e ne rg ie s c lo se t o t ho se o f t he e ne rg y o f c ol la ps es t he ms el ve s, i .e ., w it ho ut e xp lo si on s. 9 5] J im H of fm an w ri te s: " Th er

preceded the collaps es , nor that the energy indicated by thos e s pikes was more than could be accounted for by the approximatelyto 2 .92 07 e8 , o r 29 2, 070, 000 . f oo t po un ds) st or ed i n t he el ev at ed m ass of each to wer ." F ur ther , H of fma n no te s: " Und er gr oun d ex ps ei sm ic s ta ti on s r eg is te re d o nl y s tr on g S w av es . P w av es o sc il la te h or iz on ta ll y - - p ar al le l t o t he d ir ec ti on o f t ra ve l; w he re as S w avtr avel ." 9 6] A pr obl em w it h a ssessi ng t he se ism ic dat a i s in coo rdi nat in g t he p reci se r ec or ded t ime o f t he se ismi c act iv it y wi th t he

C en te r. A s H of fm an n ot es , “ Wh il e i t' s t ru e t ha t t he s ta ti on r ec or de d 2 .1 a nd 2 .3 m ag ni tu de q ua ke s, B ol ly n p ro vi de s n o e vi de nc e t‘ co lla ps e. ’” On th e o the r h an d, r ep or ts o f ex pl osi on s an d t owe r sw ay ing at th e t ime of co ll ap se se em t o s ug gest t he p os si bi li ty o fG en el le G uz ma n M cM il la n h ea rd " A b ig e xp lo si on " a t t he t im e o f c ol la ps e. s ee ] T he s ei sm ic a ct iv it y a t 9 :5 9: 04 m ay b e c om pa re d w iD on n D e G ra nd P re r ep or te d. s ee ] T he c on ce pt o f p os si bl e s ei sm ic a ct iv it y p ri or t o c ol la ps ed m at er ia l r ea ch in g t he g ro un d i s a ls oI s t he s ei sm ic r ec or d c on si st en t w it h N IS T c on cl us io ns ? A lt ho ug h H of f ma n r ej ec ts t he H uf sc hm id /A FP n ot io n t ha t t he l ar ge s pi kt ha t t he s ei sm ic d at a a nd L DE O i nt er pr et at io n i s i nc on si st en t w it h t he c on cl us io ns o f t he N IS T W TC s tu dy . N IS T c on cl ud ed , a st o m ov e d ow nw ar ds , t he w ea ke ne d s tr uc tu re i n t he i mp ac t a nd f ir e z on e w as n ot a bl e t o a bs or b t he t re me nd ou s e ne rg y o f t he f al liH of fm an n ot es t ha t o nl y s ma ll s ig na ls p re ce de t he l ar ge r s ig na ls , w hi ch a cc or di ng t o L DE O r ep re se nt t he m ai n m as s o f d eb ri s h it tis ig na ls m us t i nc lu de t he i ns ta nt w he n N IS T’ s a ll eg ed “ hu ge m as s” o f t he u pp er b lo ck i mp ac te d t he l ow er b lo ck . F ro m t hi s w e m uf al li ng b ui ld in g s ec ti on ” d id n ot e ve n s ho w u p o n t he s ei sm og ra ph s. 9 7] 3 .3 S ei sm ic a ct iv it y a t t im e o f a ir cr af t i mp ac t C ra ig T . F ur

proof that 9/11 was “an ins ide job.” They make the cas e that two s eis mic events occurred immediately prior to aircraft impacts upc an o nl y b e e xp la in ed b y e vi de nc e o f b as em en t e xp lo si on s b ef or e t he a ir cr af t i mp ac ts , a s e xp er ie nc ed b y W il li am R od ri qu ez a nd 3

in t he o ff ice, i nclu di ng R odr igu ez, at th e t ime. T her e wer e an add it ion al t wen ty -two p eop le o n B 2 sub -basem en t who a lso f el t an dt im e s et s r ec or de d t he t im e o f a ir cr af t i mp ac t i nt o t he T ow er s. “ Bo th d at a t im e s et s a re b as ed o n U TC ( Co or di na te d U ni ve rs al T imd et er mi ne d t he se t im es w er e p re st ig io us , r el ia bl e a nd c re di bl e. ” T he a ut ho rs n ot e t ha t t he se t wo d at a s et s r ec or d d if fe re nt i mp ac t t iC om mi ss io n. T he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n’ s t im es a re r ep or te d t o b e b ase d o n F AA r ad ar d at a a nd a ir t ra ff ic c on tr ol s of tw ar e l og ic . 9 8]died exactl y at 8:46: 40 and UA F lig ht 17 5 at 9: 03:11 UTC – 4 hrs] .” Si nce the pl anes crashed at t hose ti mes, the aut hors ask: wh atear lie r? “ What cau sed t ho se s ei smi c spi ke s?” Si nce R od rig uez an d 3 6 ot her s f el t an d he ar d an ex pl osi on pr ior to a ir cr af t im pac t oft o t he pr e- imp ac t e xp lo si on s. T he au th or s go on t o a rgu e t hat th e N IS T d er iv ed t im es of ai rc raf t i mp ac t a pp ea r to h av e be en “f udgI nt er est in gl y, i n 2 00 5, N IS T c on tr ac ted f or t he s er vi ce s o f D r. W on -Y ou ng K im o f L DE O t o r e- an al yz e t he o ri gi na l s ei sm ic d at a t iseconds to the original times of aircraft impact. The authors ask why the fudging; why the re-analysis? 99] 4.0 WTC Security 4.1 IPr op er ti es and W est fi el d Amer ica si gn ed a r en tal cont ract f or th e W TC , agr eei ng t o pay a to tal of 3 .2 bi lli on do ll ar s i n le asin g instA cc or di ng t o T he F in an ci al T im es L td ., t er ms o f t he l ea se a ll ow ed t he n ew o wn er s t o w al k a wa y f ro m t he ir i nv es tm en t i n t he e ve no wn er o f t he b ui ld in gs , S il ve rs te in d em an de d t o b e t he s ol e b en ef ic ia ry o f t he i ns ur an ce i nd em ni ty p ay me nt s o f m or e t ha n 7 b il li oA ut ho ri ti es a gr ee d w it h S il ve rs te in 's d em an d. " 1 02 ] 4 .2 D am ag e t o F BI O ff ic es S ev er e d am ag e t o t he 2 2n d ( se cu ri ty o ff ic e) f lo or oE as tm an o f Y ak im a W as hi ng to n n ot es : “ It i s k no wn t ha t t he se f lo or s c on ta in ed t he N ew Y or k F BI o ff ic es - - P et er J en ni ng s a ct ua lld es tr oy ed e vi de nc e a nd f il es o n A me ri ca n f in an ci al c ri me i nv es ti ga ti on s a ro un d t he w or ld .” I nt er es ti ng ly , t he e nt ir e a cc um ul at io nimp or tant cases wer e b ein g sto red i n t he secur ity (F BI) o ff ice. 10 3] 4.3 Ano mali es l eadin g u p t o t he Da y B en Fou ntai n, a f in ancialt ol d P eo pl e M ag az in e t ha t i n t he w ee ks b ef or e 9 /1 1 t he re w er e n um er ou s u na nn ou nc ed a nd u nu su al d ri ll s w he re s ec ti on s o f b ot h“ se cu ri ty r ea so ns .” 1 04 ] V ic to r T ho rn o f W in g T V h as r ep or te d t he W TC 9 -1 1 s ec ur it y c on ce rn s o f S co tt F or be s, a s en io r d at ab as




t he f or me r W TC . F or be s r ep or te d t ha t h is c om pa ny w as n ot if ie d t hr ee w ee ks i n a dv an ce t ha t N ew Y or k' s P or t A ut ho ri ty w ou ld t akt he w ee ke nd pr io r t o 9- 11, o st en si bl y to i mp lem en t a co mp ut er c ab li ng up gr ade . F or be s no ted t ha t F id uc ia ry T ru st was o ne of t he" po we r- do wn " h ad n ev er b ee n i ni ti at ed p ri or t o t hi s o cc as io n. F or be s r ec al le d t he p ow er w as o ut a pp ro xi ma te ly 3 6 h ou rs b et we enaf te rn oo n ( Sep te mb er 9 th ) As a r esu lt o f t he p owe r ou ta ge , th e W TC 's se cu ri ty ca mer as, I D s ys tem s, an d el eva to rs t o t he up per f l"engineers " going in- and-out of the WTC had free acces s throughout the building due to its inoperative s ecurity s ys tem. Forbesc am er as p os it io ne d a to p t he W or ld T ra de C en te r w hi ch w er e u se d t o f ee d d ai ly i ma ge s t o l oc al t el ev is io n s ta ti on s w er e i ne xp li ca blw ho w as o n o ne o f t he l ow er f lo or s a nd e sc ap ed i mm ed ia te ly a ft er t he f ir st ( No rt h) t ow er w as s tr uc k, r ep or te d t ha t h e w as a ma ze dt he s tr ee ts s ur ro un di ng t he W T C c om pl ex o nl y m in ut es a ft er t he i n i ti al s tr ik e. F or be s s ai d t ha t e v en t ho ug h t he se d is cl os ur es c ouf or wa rd b ec au se , " I h av e m ai le d t hi s i nf or ma ti on t o m an y p eo pl e, i nc lu di ng t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n, b ut n o o ne s ee ms t o b e r eg is te r

W in g T V, h e w as m ar gi na li ze d b y 9 /1 1 t ru th d eb un ke rs b ec au se h e s ee me d t o v an is h. B et we en 2 00 5 a nd 2 00 6 h e h as b ee n r em ot elE ng la nd . I n a K il lt ow n i nt er vi ew , F or be s o bs er ve d t ha t b ot h m ai n s tr ea m a nd p ro gr es si ve m ed ia o f o th er c ou nt ri es h av e b ee n m ucn ot ed t ha t, b ei ng B ri ti sh , h e w as e ve nt ua ll y i nt er vi ew ed b y L on do n p ol ic e, “ bu t n on e o f m y A me ri ca n c ol le ag ue s w er e c on ta ct ed bM o st r e ce n tl y , Fo r be s ’ s t at e me n ts , wh i ch a r e r e as o ne d an d di s pa s si o na t e, h a ve b ee n u se d by 9 / 11 t r ut h d eb u nk e rs a ga i ns t B en Fw ee ks b ef or e 9 /1 1, t he re w as l ot s o f n oi se c om in g f ro m f lo or 9 8, a bo ve h is o ff ic e. A eo n w as m ov ed o ut , a nd t he f lo or w as v ac an t.on ; dr il li ng a nd h am me ri ng; l ike so me thi ng v er y h ea vy b ei ng m ov ed a nd du mpe d, t he f or ce of w hi ch wa s en ou gh t o c au se h is o fd oo r t o t he 9 8t h f lo or t o s ee w ha t w as g oi ng o n, b ut t he e nt ir e o ff ic e s pa ce w as e mp ty . T hi s c or re la te s w it h t he e xp er ie nc e o f W il liclimbing s tairs to unlock doors on 9/11, “heard s trange nois es on the 34th floor.” R odriguez noted that there was “nothing on thie ve n g et t he re w it ho ut a s pe ci al k ey . R od ri gu ez h ea rd h ea vy e qu ip me nt b ei ng m ov ed a ro un d, i t s ou nd ed t o h im l ik e d um ps te rs w if lo or 3 4 w it h h is m as te r k ey . T he w ee k b ef or e 9 /1 1, F or be s n ot ic ed l ot s o f d us t i n t he b ui ld in g “ Th e d us t w as i nc re di bl e; i t w as f il t" Th e t wo a ir pl an es t ha t s tr uc k t he t wi n t ow er s o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r o n 9 /1 1 f le w d ir ec tl y i nt o s ec ur e c om pu te r r oo ms i n b ots ec ur e c om pu te r r oo ms d is tr ib ut ed i n t he t ow er s, B ol ly n g oe s o n t o d es cr ib e a c on st ru ct io n o pe ra ti on w he re t he 8 1s t f lo or o f t he Sw as r ei nf or ce d t o h ol d v er y h ea vy U ni nt er up te d P ow er S up pl y b at te ri es , w hi ch i nt er es ti ng ly , w er e a pp ar en tl y n ev er t ur ne d o n. B oco nst ru ct ion a nd i nst al lat ion , al l of wh om r ef us ed t o co mme nt . 1 09 ] A ph ot o I D p ass f or S ep t. 5 f oun d o n o ne o f t he me n ch ar gedf ro m a M em ph is wo ma n g av e h im a cc es s t o t he s ix u nd er gr ou nd l ev el s o f W TC 1. B ut w hi ch t en an t h ir ed S ak he r ' Ro ck y' H am ma d,

New York and New J ers ey s pokes man Alan Hicks . Hammad told federal authorities that he was working on the s prinklers s ix dayc ou rt t es ti mo ny r ev ea le d. B ut H ic ks s ai d t he P or t A ut ho ri ty , w hi ch o wn ed t he b ui ld in g, d id i ts o wn s pr in kl er w or k, a nd t ha t a ny o

by an individual tenant. 110] According to a September 12, 2001 report by NY News Day, a WTC s ecurity detail had been workint hr ea ts . B ut o n t he T hu rs da y b ef or e, " bo mb sn if fi ng d og s w er e a br up tl y r em ov ed ." 1 11 ] 4 .4 S ec ur it y f ir ms O nt ra ck /C on va r, t he G eh ar d d ri ve s i n o rd er t o d et er mi ne w ho w as r es po ns ib le f or l as t m in ut e f in an ci al t ra ns ac ti on s o n 9 /1 1, w as p ur ch as ed a ft er t he f ac t bJune 20 02. Kro ll is a huge, mul ti -nat io nal secur ity f irm which has str ong ti es to US int ell igen ce. C oi nciden tall y, one of thei r upper

pos ition of head of s ecurity for ex-FB I whis tleblower J ohn O'Neill in the WTC . Mr. O'Neill died in the 9/11 attacks. 112] A bus ines ec ur it y w or k a t t he C en te r i n 1 99 3. I n 1 99 6, S tr at es ec , t he n k no wn a s S ec ur ac om , w as a wa rd ed a n e xc lu si ve c on tr ac t t o p ro vi de s eS tr at es ec /S ec ur ac om a ls o p ro vi de d s ec ur it y f or U ni te d A ir li ne s a nd D ul le s I nt er na ti on al A ir po rt . S it ti ng o n S tr at es ec 's b oa rd o f d iWT C, was a maj or shar eh older by the name of M ar vin Bush. Marvi n, li ke Jeb and Neil, is a bro ther of George W. Bush. 113] 4. 5 A

o f i nt er ne t s it es p or tr ay t he e co no mi c s ta tu s o f t he l at e T wi n T ow er s a s c om pr om is ed . I n p ar ti cu la r, a f re qu en tl y r ec ur ri ng p hr as e ih ig hl y r eg ar de d 9 11 M ys te ri es D VD s ug ge st s i n i t’ s c ha pt er U rb an R en ew al t ha t W TC e co no mi c p ro bl em s m ay h av e b ee n a m ot i“ 91 1m ys te ri es gu id e” a pp ea rs t o s ho w t ha t 9 11 M ys te ri es D VD d ef in it el y g ot i t w ro ng , p ro du ci ng a n um be r o f a ut he nt ic l oo ki ngc la im t ha t q uo te s f or a c le an -u p o f t he a sb es to s i n t he t ow er s w ou ld h av e c os t m or e t ha n a b il li on d ol la rs . 1 16 ] T he g ui de c on cl udhave tenancy problems ; they did not have money problems ; and there is no reas on to believe that as bes tos problems were not ma

New York to des troy the World Trade C enter as 9/11 Mys teries s ugges ts . “ 117] Further s earching on the internet yields an articls ta ti ng “ , t he P or t A ut ho ri ty c al cu la te d t ha t i t w ou ld c os t $ 1 b il li on .. .t o r em ov e t he a sb es to s. .. " 1 18 ] T he a ut ho r o f t hi s a rt ic le c or ra rt ic le , p ub li sh ed i n t he “ Ne w Y or k P sy ch og eo gr ap hi ca l A ss oc ia ti on . " 9 11 M ys te ri es w ou ld a pp ea r t he n t o b e v in di ca te d i n i ts pH ow e ve r , t h e U R L f o r t h e N ew Y o rk P s yc ho g eo g ra p hi c al A ss oc i at i on i s w ww . no t bo r ed . or g /t h e- n yp a .h t ml ] . T h e w eb s it e c on s is tsf uc ki ng u gl y b ui ld in gs ! A nd M ot he r N at ur e t o 9 -1 1 M ou rn er s: E at M y D us t, . O ne a rt ic le , w hi ch c on ta in ed t he q uo ta ti on o f N ot em ay b e h ar d f or s om e t o b el ie ve , e sp ec ia ll y i n t he se s en ti men ta l t im es , t he s o- ca ll ed T wi n T ow er s a t t he W or ld T ra de C en te r w er e2 00 1 w ou ld h av e be en h ap py i f t he g od da mn ed t hi ng s h ad n ev er b ee n b ui lt a n d a ft er S ep te mb er 1 1t h a re g la d t ha t th ey 'r e g on e.

mak e way f or t hem . T he m -- no t j ust one sp ect acu lar t ow er , bu t t wo .” L oo ki ng f ur th er o n t he in ter net , o ne f inds “T ea m T wi n To wv al ui ng t he f or me r t ow er s, a nd d ef en di ng t he m f ro m n eg at iv e a cc us at io ns . T he y h av e p ro vi de d a rg um en ts t o c ou nt er s ta te me nt s sr ev iv e L ow er M an ha tt an ." , " Th e T wi n T ow er s w er e o nl y p ar ti al ly o cc up ie d. T he y w er e m on ey -l os er s. ", " Th e T wi n T ow er s w er ea nd n eg li ge nt ly c on st ru ct ed . T he y d id n ot m ee t N YC f ir e c od es ." 1 19 ] I t s ee ms t he n, t ha t t he q ue st io n o f t he e co no mi c s ta tu s o f t hc on tr ov er si al e nv ir on me nt , i n w hi ch t he T ow er s w er e l ov ed b y s om e a nd h at ed b y o th er s. W ha t t he n i s t he t ru th ? 5 .0 H is to ry a ndS te el B ui ld in gs T he re i s n on e b ef or e o r a ft er 9 -1 1 A lt ho ug h t he 9 11 C om mi ss io n a ck no wl ed ge d t ha t f ir e c hi ef s o n t he s ce ne t ho ue mp ha si ze d t he u na ni mi ty o f t he F DN Y o n t hi s i ss ue . 1 20 ] " Fi re h as n ev er c au se d a s te el b ui ld in g t o c ol la ps e, " w ri te s E ri c H uf sc hh12 1] T he T owe rs h ad e xp er ie nce d f ir es b ef or e. T he F eb 14 1 97 5 N ew Yo rk T im es c ar ri ed t he h ead li ne “ Tr ad e C en te r Hi t b y 6 F lo oro f t he B F G oo dr ic h C om pa ny i n t he N or th T ow er o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r j us t b ef or e m id ni gh t l as t n ig ht , a nd s pr ea d t hr ou gh af lo or s. “ It w as l ik e f ig ht in g a b lo wt or ch ” a cc or di ng t o C ap t. H ar ol d K ul l o f E ng in e C o. 6 …” Fl am es c ou ld b e s ee n p ou ri ng o ut o f tA cc or di ng t o a s ec on d a rt ic le , t he f ir e b ur ne d f or t hr ee h ou rs . 1 22 ] T he 1 99 1 M er id ia n P la za f ir e i n P hi la de lp hi a b ur ne d f or 1 9 h ouFir st Int erstat e B ank B ui ldi ng i n L os Angeles b urn ed f or more than 3 hou rs wi th b ri ght int en se fl ames. T here was n o damage to theC NN reported on a fire s aid to be the worst in Madrid’s his tory, which burned for 2 days and gutted the W indsor B uilding. Its s tra lt ho ug h s ev er al t op f lo or s c ol la ps ed o nt o l ow er o ne s, t he o ve ra ll s tr uc tu re d id n ot c ol la ps e. 1 25 ] M ad ri d f ir e 1 25 ] O n S ep te mb erW TC 1, W TC 2, a nd W TC 7. H uf sc hm id r ea so na bl y q ue st io ns w hy B ui ld in gs 4 a nd 6 , w hi ch w er e c lo se r t o t he t ow er s t ha n W TC 7g ia nt f la me s a nd g lo wi ng r ed i nt er io r, a nd W TC 6 h ad m as si ve d am ag e d ue t o f al li ng d eb ri s. 1 26 ] 5 .2 .0 T he F ir st W av e o f P ol it ic al lF DN Y i nt er vi ew s a pp ea rs t o h av e b ee n p ar al le le d b y a r ev is io n o f t hi nk in g b y e xp lo si ve s e xp er ts . W it hi n t en d ay s o f h is f ir st r emin the Tower s, ch anged h is mi nd: "C er tain ly the fi re i s what caused t he bu il ding to fai l. ." 1 27] Van R om ero was seeking Pen tagon r




c or re ct r ev is io ni st t he or ie s s oo n b la nk et ed t he n ew s m ed ia . B ec au se W TC 1 a nd 2 s to od f or a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 ¾ h ou rs a nd 1 h ou r r becaus e of airplane impacts alone. So, the firs t Politically C orrect theory pres umed that heat from the fires s imply melted the s tructH ea t H en ry K of fm an , d ir ec to r o f t he C on st ru ct io n E ng in ee ri ng a nd M an ag em en t P ro gr am a t t he U ni ve rs it y o f S ou th er n C al if or ni aw hi ch c au se d t he c ol la ps e o f t he t ow er s. 1 29 ] 5 .2 .2 S te el W ea ke ne d B y H ea t A rt ic le s b y Z de ne k P . B az an t a nd Y on g Z ho u o f N or Jo ur nal of E ngi nee rin g M ech an ics AS CE . 13 0] T hes e ar ti cl es p ur po rt ed t o ad dr ess wh y t he bu il di ngs c ol lap sed . B az an t an d Z ho uth e c rash zo ne was exp osed t o sust ain ed te mper at ur es exc eedi ng 80 0 Deg. C . 1 47 2 D eg. F .] . At su ch te mper at ur es, st ruct ur al st eelresult in a buckling of columns. 5.2.3 R efutation of Early Fire and Heat Theories. We might ask what supplied the fuel needed forO ff ic e f ur ni tu re ? C om pu te rs ? P ri nt er p ap er ? W el l, O K, b ut t he c en tr al c or e, w hi ch h e f ai ls t o e ve n c on si de r, h ad n o o ff ic e f ur ni tu ro ne h ou r t o c ol la ps e? H ow h ot w as t he f ir e, a nd h ow m uc h h ea t d id i t p ro du ce ? C ha rl es C li ft on i s a t ec hn ic al e xp er t i n d et er mi ni n

buildings . He believed that fire did not caus e the towers to collaps e. 131] He has noted that regions of fire at 700 deg C would bet ha t s ig ni fi can t wi ndo w b rea ka ge wo ul d ha ve o ccu rr ed . H e n ot ed t ha t ne it her o f t he se co ndi ti ons o cc ur red i n t he t owe rs 1 32 ] P roE n gi n ee r in g a n d E n gi n ee r in g S y st e ms a t M I T. T h e M i ne r al s , M e ta l s & M a te r ia l s S o ci e ty p u bl i sh e d h i s a n al y si s , w h ic h c o nc l ud em el t s te el . T he a na ly si s, w hi ch n ot es t ha t s te el m el ts a t 1 50 0 d eg . C . 2 73 2 d eg . F .] a nd t ha t j et f ue l p ro du ce s a m ax im um t em pe ra tu re

perfect proportions , parallels the his torically verified fact that fire cannot melt s teel. 133] J im Hoffman notes that C orus C ons tructs te el fr am e c ar p ar ks t o p ro lo ng ed h yd ro ca rb on -f ue le d f ir es . T he h ig he st r ec or de d s te el t em pe ra tu re s w er e 3 60 D eg . C . 6 80 D eg . F .]t ha t t he m ax im um t em pe ra tu re a ch ie ve d i n f ir e t es ti ng o f u np ro te ct ed st ee l s up po rt s i n t he U .K ., J ap an , t he U .S . a nd A us tr al ia ] w asc ri ti ca l t hr es ho ld i n s tr uc tu ra l s te el , 5 50 D eg . C . 1 02 2 D eg . F .] . T he r ea so n? U nh ea te d s te el f or ms a n e ff ec ti ve h ea t s in k: T he m as ss in k: L oc al h ea t f ro m t he T ow er b ea ms w as c on ti nu ou sl y c on du ct ed f ro m t he h ea te d p or ti on s t o t he m as si ve c oo le r p or ti on s b el oW om an i n br eak cr ea te d by i mp ac ti ng ai rc raf t i n W TC 1 13 6] T he ap pe ar an ce of sev er al p eo pl e in t he f ra ctu re cau sed b y ai rpl an ee xc es si ve i n t he c ra sh zo ne . 1 36 ] B ri an C lar k, a n e xec ut iv e v ic e p re si de nt a t E ur o B ro ke rs , a b ro ke ra ge f ir m t ha t h ad o ff ic es o n t heh ea t w hi le t ra ve rs in g t he i mp ac t f lo or s. 1 37 ] O n A ug . 2 , 2 00 2, d is co ve ry o f a " lo st " a ud io ta pe w as r ep or te d. T hi s t ap e i s i mp or ta ntOr io P al mer , ac tu al ly r ea ch ed t he cr ash zo ne on t he 78 th f lo or of t he S ou th to wer an d ap pa ren tl y b el ie ve d t hey we re i n c ont ro l ofw as n ot a r ag in g i nf er no . 1 38 ] T he s am e c on cl us io n c an b e d ra wn f ro m t he D is co ve ry C ha nn el d oc um en ta ry e nt it le d " Co ll ap se : Ha lt ho ug h j et f ue l m ig ht o pt im al ly r ea ch t em pe ra tu re s a pp ro ac hi ng 2 00 0d eg F , f ul ly o ne -h al f o f F li gh t 1 1' s] f ue l b ur ne d o ut si de o fe ac h a ir cr af t w as c ar ry in g a bo ut 1 0, 00 0 g al lo ns o f f ue l 1 39 ], a nd w it h F EM A’ s e st im at e t ha t a bo ut 4 00 0 g al lo ns o f f ue l b ur ne d w it hi nsi de t he t ow er , bu rn ed u p i n ab ou t ei gh t mi nu te s. An d t ha t an al ys is was b as ed on th e f ir st cr ash ( 8: 46 am ), in to t he No rt h t owe r.

percentage of the fuel burned outs ide the South Tower, in the s econd cras h (9:03 am). As inves tigative journalis t David McGowe le me nt s o f t he t ow er s r ea ch in g h ig h t em pe ra tu re s 1 41 ] T he F EM A B BA a nd N IS T a ss es sm en ts o f f ue l b ur ne d i s d is cu ss ed i n s ecS ou th T ow er I m pa ct C o ur te sy w ww .s er en di pi t y. li 1 42 ] 5 .2 .4 T h e P ro bl em o f a C o mp le te ly S ym me tr ic al C ol l ap se I t i s h ig hl y u nl i kew ou ld r es ul t i n a c om pl et el y s ym me tr ic al c ol la ps e s uc h a s o cc ur re d. I rr eg ul ar it y w ou ld h av e p ro du ce d a c ol la ps e i n w hi ch c on cr eta re a, 1 43 ] c au si ng a dd it io na l d am ag e a nd f at al it ie s. D r. S te ve n J on es n ot es t he g re at d if fi cu lt y o f o bt ai ni ng a c om pl et el y s ym me tr ir eq ui re s s uc h s ki ll t ha t o nl y a h an df ul o f d em ol it io n c om pa ni es i n t he w or ld w il l a tt em pt i t. ” 1 44 ] A ll t he se o bs er va ti on s w ou ld a pc ol la ps es w er e t he r es ul t o f s tr uc tu ra l w ea ke ni ng b y h ea t a nd f ir e f ro m j et f ue l, e sp ec ia ll y i n t he S ou th T ow er . Y et t he S ou th T ow eT hu s, ev ol vi ng t he or ie s at tem pt ed t o a cco unt f or t he co mpl et el y sy mm etr ic al co lla ps e. A sp eci al r epo rt by T ho mas E ag er a nd C h

C o ll ap s e? S c ie nc e, E n gi ne e ri n g, a nd S p ec ul a ti o n” i l lu st r at e s a n e ar l y a t te m pt t o e xp l ai n a c o mp l et e ly s ym m et r ic al c o ll a ps e w it h oud id n ot m el t t he s te el , f ir e i s w ha t b ro ug ht t he t ow er s d ow n. T he a rt ic le c or re ct ly n ot es t ha t o nl y a s ma ll n um be r o f p er im et er c ol us hi ft ed t o t he r em ai ni ng c ol um ns . T he a rt ic le a ls o c or re ct ly n ot es t ha t t he f ir e w as f ue l r ic h, p ro du ci ng a d if fu se d f la me a s c ou ld bs te el w as n ot l ik el y t o h av e e xp er ie nc ed t em pe ra tu re s a bo ve 7 50 -8 00 d eg C . T he a rt ic le p oi nt s o ut t ha t a lt ho ug h s tr uc tu ra l s te el bat 65 0 d eg C , ev en a lo ss o f h al f of t he st eel s st ren gth is i nsu ff ic ien t, by it se lf , t o ex pla in t he c ol lap se . “E ven wi th ha lf i ts st ren gt hst re sses i mp osed b y a 65 0 d eg C fi re. ” T he ar ti cl e f ind s th e cul pr it in t he d ist or tio n of t he st eel du e t o t he f ac t t hat t he st eel te mp erd if fe re nc e f ro m o ne l oc at io n t o a no th er w il l p ro du ce . . s tr es se s. T hi s p ro du ce d d is to rt io ns i n t he s le nd er s tr uc tu ra l s te el w hi ch r esw a s d u e to t he l o ss o f st r en g th d ue t o th e te m pe r at u re o f th e fi r e, a nd l o ss o f st r u ct u ra l i nt e gr i t y d u e to d is t or t io n ” I n t er e st i ng l y, a

beginning of the article as being des igned to s upport the weight of the tower, the core is never again mentioned; as if the towersa rt ic le d es cr ib es t he c on st ru ct io n a s “ eg g- cr at e” , a nd e mp ha si ze s t he n ot io n t ha t t he b ui ld in g w as l ig ht w ei gh t, a nd a bo ut 9 5 % a irs t or i es h i gh . T he a u th o rs f a il t o n o te t h e su b st a nt i al m a ss o f c on c re t e wh i ch w a s p u lv e ri z ed a n d d is t ri b ut e d in a p y r oc l as t ic d u st ce xp la in t he “ la ck o f t ip pi ng ” o r “ im pl os io n” o f t he t ow er s o n c ol la ps e. T he b ui ld in g i s 9 5% a ir , a nd h en ce c an i mp lo de o n i ts el f; a

i ns uf fi ci en t t im e f or p or ti on s t o a tt ai n s ig ni fi ca nt l at er al v el oc it y. “ To s um ma ri ze , a 5 00 ,0 00 t on s tr uc tu re ( th at i s 9 5% a ir ) h as t oos traight down.” So the authors argue that the towers fell s traight down becaus e they were both too light and too heavy. They doc or e, c ou ld c ol la ps e a t c lo se t o f re ef al l s pe ed . 1 45 ] 3 .2 .5 P an ca ke T he or y F ir e E ng in ee ri ng M ag az in e c on cl ud ed t ha t a g ro wi ng n ust ru ct ur al d am ag e f ro m t he p lan es a nd t he ex pl osi ve i gni ti on o f j et f uel i n t hem sel ves wer e no t en oug h t o br in g do wn t he t ow er s. "a f ai lu re o f l ig ht we ig ht t ru ss es c on ne ct in g b ui ld in g p er im et er t o l oa d- be ar in g c en tr al c ol um ns . 1 46 ] T he c on ce pt o f l ig ht we ig ht t r“ P an ca k e T h eo r y” w h ic h p r ov i de d t h e f i na l d es i re d r e su l t o f “ ex p la i ni n g” a c om p le te l y s y mm e tr i ca l c o ll a ps e w i th o ut r e fe r ri n g t o er ea ct io n" r es ul ti ng i n c om pl et e f lo or b y f lo or s ym me tr ic al c ol la ps e o f t he N or th T ow er w as c au se d b y t he a cc el er at io n o f t he m as sT he t er m " Pa nc ak e T he or y" ( as w el l a s i ts v ar ia nt s, Z ip pe r o r D om in o) h el pe d f ac il it at e t he c re di bi li ty o f t he c ha in r ea ct io n t he or ys ta nd ar d m ed ia g ra ph ic p or tr ay in g t he t ow er s tr uc tu re , o n t he r ig ht b el ow , a nd a n a cc ur at el y s ca le d r en de ri ng o f t he ' fo ot pr in t' o fth in cent ral c or e in th e i mage o n th e ri ght ce rtai nly w oul d f aci li tat e acc ept an ce of “P anca ke T heo ry” by th e p ub lic. 147 ] P hot os oft he r en de ri ng o n t he l ef t, b el ow , s ho w: 1 ) F lo or s a re n ot w id e- op en S pa ce s; t he s tr uc tu ra l c or e o cc up ie d a s ig ni fi ca nt p or ti on o f e aa nc ho re d b et we en p er im et er a nd c or e c ol um ns , a ll ow in g t he b ui ld in gs t o t ak e l ar ge l at er al l oa di ng d ue t o w in d. 1 48 ] I ma ge s C ou rtl ef t) d ep ic te d i n g ra ph ic s d is tr ib ut ed b y t he m ed ia ( im ag e o n t he r ig ht ). T he s er vi ce c or e i n c on st ru ct io n 1 48 ] T he " sp ir e" i n t he a bco re . I f c ol la pse w as d ue t o "p anc ak in g" o f we ak t ru sse s, t he 1 10 st or y s tur dy se rv ic e c or es w oul d st il l be st and in g. 1 49] A s M cGe xp la na ti on h ow t he f lo or a nd e xt er io r w al l s ec ti on s m ay h av e p os si bl y c ol la ps ed . E ve n i f s uc h a n u nl ik el y e ve nt h ad o cc ur re d, t hr ub bl e, b ut r at he r t wo so me wh at n ar ro we r, 1 10 -s to ry t ow er s. " 1 50 ] D er ri ck G ri mm er a sk s, i f a " pa nc ak in g" e ff ec t c au se d t he t ot al bWTC collaps es s hows any s ign of stutter between floor collaps es , which should have been very apparent es pecially in the firs t fec ol la ps e w as s ma ll . 1 51 ] 5 .3 .0 T he F EM A B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce A ss es sm en t ( BP A) T he A me ri ca n S oc ie ty o f C iv il E ng in ee rs ( AS




t ow er s. T he F ed er al E me rg en cy M an ag em en t A ge nc y ( FE MA ) s oo n j oi ne d w it h A SC E t o a ss em bl e a l ar ge r g ro up o f v ol un te er i nA ss es sm en t T ea m ( BP AT ), a nd s up pl ie d $ 60 0, 00 0 i n f un di ng . T he B PA T ea m c on si st ed o f s pe ci al is ts i n t al l b ui ld in g d es ig n, s te eand str uct ur al anal ysi s. O n M ay 1, 20 02 FE MA r ele ased i ts re por t of t he WT C coll apses, ba se d o n t he concl usi ons re ached by th et h e Ex e cu t iv e S um m ar y , th e t ea m " co n du c te d f i el d o b se r va t io n s at t h e W TC s i t e an d s te e l sa l va g e ya r ds , r em o ve d a nd t e st e d sahours of video and thous ands of s till photographs , conducted interviews with witnes s es and pers ons involved in the des ign, con

buildings , reviewed cons truction documents , and conducted preliminary analys es of the damage to the WTC towers .” The Executis us ta in ed b y e ac h t ow er f ro m t he i mp ac t, c om bi ne d w it h t he e ns ui ng f ir es , r es ul te d i n t he t ot al c ol la ps e o f e ac h b ui ld in g. " 1 53 ] Y et im e a va il ab le , t he s eq ue nc e o f e ve nt s l ea di ng t o c ol la ps e o f e ac h t ow er c ou ld n ot b e d ef in it el y d et er mi ne d. " 1 54 ] T hi s i s p re ci se lyno te d by Gr if fin . S in ce p lan es an d fi re by d ef ini tio n wer e t he cau se, n o pr eci se m ech an ism n eed be de ter mi ned w it h ce rt ai nty . T he

t ow er s, b y a W or ld C la ss s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee ri ng f ir m, W SH &J , s ta ti ng " Ev en ts o f t hi s t yp e, r es ul ti ng i n s uc h s ub st an ti al d am ag e,ability of thes e s tructures to s ucces s fully withs tand s uch damage is noteworthy." 155] In C hapter 8, Obs ervations , Findings , and

but we are cautioned not to think of thes e des ign features as deficiencies . 156] 5.3.2 Deepes t mys tery makes Appendix C A tiny fri ns pe ct ed. R eco mm end at io ns i n Ap pen di x C o f t he F EM A W TC r epo rt n ot ed: " The sev er e co rr osi on a nd su bs eq uen t e ro si on o f se xp la na ti on f or t he s ou rc e o f t he s ul fu r h as b ee n i de nt if ie d… A d et ai le d s tu dy i nt o t he m ec ha ni sm s o f t hi s p he no me no n i s n ee de d.s t ee l w e re fo u nd t h at we r e " a pp a re n tl y m e lt e d a n d v a po r iz e d n o t s o le l y b e ca u se o f t h e h e at of f i re s , b u t a l so b e ca u se o f a c o rr o sico nf lag rat io ns ." T he N ew Y or k Ti mes c al led t hese f in din gs "p er hap s th e d ee pe st m yst er y u nc ov er ed i n t he i nv est ig at ion ." 1 58 ] MR ic ha rd D . S is so n J r. c on fi rm ed t he p re se nc e o f e ut ec ti c f or ma ti on s b y e xa mi ni ng s te el s am pl es u nd er o pt ic al a nd s ca nn in g e le ct roJ OM , t he J ou rn al o f t he M in er al s, M et al s & M at er ia ls S oc ie ty . R em ai ns o f W TC w id e f la ng e b ea m. F EM A B PA A pp en di x C 1 57 ]sub st an ce s t hat me lt s at t he l ow est t em per at ur e o f a ny m ixt ur e of i ts c om po ne nt s. B lack sm ith s t oo k ad va nt ag e o f t his p rop er ty b yt he m el ti ng p oi nt o f i ro n. I n t he W or ld T ra de C en te r f ir e, t he p re se nc e o f o xy ge n, s ul fu r a nd h ea t c au se d i ro n o xi de a nd i ro n s ul fi dl iqu id sl ag co rr od ed t hr ou gh i nt er gr an ul ar ch an nel s i nt o th e b od y o f t he m et al, c au si ng s ev er e er osi on an d a l os s o f st ru ct ur al i nt er ea ct io n. T he i mp or ta nt q ue st io ns , s ay s B ie de rm an , a re h ow m uc h s ul fu r d o y ou n ee d, a nd w he re d id i t c om e f ro m? D id t he e ut ec tithe remains smoldered on the ground. “We have no idea,” admits Siss on. 159] "A one-inch column of steel has been reduced to h

paper s croll—have been thinned to almos t razor s harpnes s…Gaping holes --s ome larger than a s ilver dollar--let light s hine througa pp ea ra nc e s ho ck ed a ll o f t he f ir e- wi se p ro fe ss or s, w ho e xp ec te d t o s ee d is to rt io n a nd b en di ng -- bu t n ot h ol es ." 1 60 ] 5 .3 .3 I mm ed iE ng in ee rs O n C hr is tm as D ay , 2 00 1 T he N ew Y or k T im es r ep or te d t ha t s om e o f t he n at io n' s l ea di ng s tr uc tu ra l e ng in ee rs a nd f ir e- st h e W T C w as i n ad eq u at e , a n d w er e c al l in g f o r a n e w, i n de pe n de n t a n d b et t er - fi n an c ed i n qu i ry . E x pe r ts c r it i ca l o f t h e i n ve st i ga t io n20 o r so i nv est ig ato rs , w ho co ndu ct ed t he ir r ev iew b et we en Oct ob er 7 -1 2, h ad no su bpo ena po we r, i na de qua te f in an ci al an d s ta ffw it ne ss es a nd f r eq ue nt ly p re ve nt ed f ro m e xa mi ni ng t he d is as te r s it e, a nd h ad e ve n b ee n u na bl e t o o bt ai n b as ic i nf or ma ti on s uc h aa cc ou nt o f t he B PA t ea m a ct iv it ies c on tr as ts sh ar pl y w it h t he ac co un t p ro vi de d i n t he F EM A B PA E xe cu ti ve S um ma ry . 5 .3 .3 .2 F ir eE ng in ee ri ng , a t ra de m ag az in e w it h t ie s t o t he N ew Y or k F ir e D ep ar tm en t, c al le d t he i nv es ti ga ti on i nt o t he c ol la ps e o f t he W TC ah ad n ot l oo ke d a t a ll a sp ec ts o f t he d is as te r a nd h ad l im it ed a cc es s t o d oc um en ts a nd o th er e vi de nc e. B il l M an ni ng , e di to r o f t hed em an de d t ha t t he d es tr uc ti on a nd r em ov al o f t he s te el c ol um ns m us t s to p i mm ed ia te ly . 1 62 ] T he d ec is io n o f t he C it y o f N ew Y or

beams and trus s es from the WTC in the days immediately after 9/11 adversely affected the FEMA B PA inquiry. 163] 5.3.3.3 C ong

C om mi tt ee o f t he H ou se o f r ep re se nt at iv es , t es ti fi ed " I m us t s ay t ha t t he c ur re nt i nv es ti ga ti on - s om e w ou ld a rg ue t ha t ' re vi ew ' i s te xc es si v e s ec r ec y" a n d " …v a lu a bl e e v id e nc e h as b ee n l o st i r re t ri ev a bl y , a n d b l ue pr i nt s w er e u na v ai l ab l e f o r m o nt h s. " 1 6 4] P r of e sste st if ie d be for e t he Sc ienc e C omm itt ee o f th e Ho us e of R ep rese nt at iv es on M ar ch 6 : " Th e col lap se o f t he W or ld T ra de C ent er t oA d is as te r o f s uc h e pi c p ro po rt io ns d em an ds t ha t w e f ul ly r es ou rc e a c om pr eh en si ve , d et ai le d i nv es ti ga ti on . I ns te ad , w e a re s ta ff is hoes tring budget." C orbett further noted "The s teel holds the primary key to unders tanding the chronology of events and caus ali n ve st i ga ti v e c om m is si o n o n t h e W o rl d T r ad e C e nt er D is as t er . 1 6 5] A S ME r e pr e se nt a ti v e G e ne C o rl ey t e st i fi e d b e fo r e t h e S c ie n ce" Re so ur ce s a ll oc at ed t o s up po rt o ur B PA t ea m' s a ct iv it ie s i s a bo ut 1 m il li on . I n o ur o pi ni on , 4 0 m il li on w ou ld b e s uf fi ci en t. " 1 66 ] Tc al le d f or a b ro ad er W TC i nv es ti ga ti on . R ep . F el ix G ru cc i ( R- NY ): " We n ee d t o c on ti nu e t o w or k t og et he r, t o f in d w ha t a ns we rs wa s p oss ib le o n t he c au se o f t he c ol la ps e. " 1 67 ] I n a l et te r t o M r. M it ch el l E . D an ie ls , J r. D ir ec to r, O ff ic e o f M an ag em en t a nd B ud gew i t n e ss e s on t h e ne e d f o r a c o m pr e h e n si v e a ss e s s me n t a n d r e s e a rc h a g en d a t o a d d r e ss e v a cu a t i o n p r o c e du r e s , em e r g e nc y r e s po5.3 .3 .4 M edi a E ven t he New Yor k Ti mes exp ressed d isma y. On th e f ir st an ni ver sar y o f th e at tacks (su bsequ ent t o the F EM A B PAkn ow s l es s a bo ut th e ci rcu mst an ces o f 2 ,8 01 dea ths at t he f oo t o f M an ha tt an in br oad d ayl igh t t han p eop le in 1 912 k ne w wi th in w

ocean in the dead of night. " 169] 5.4. 0 The 9/11 C ommission 5.4.1 T he 9/11 C ommissi on Report Chapt er 9 of t he 9/11 C ommissionthe World Trade C enter. A large part of C hapter 9 concerned the response of emergency services at the WTC complex. The C omdi scu sse d i n t he 9/ 11 tr ut h mo vem en t, wh ich ha ve b ee n d iscu ssed i n t he p rev io us pa ge s. R at he r, t he C om mi ssi on ’s R epo rt ch er ryr ea l i ss ue s. 1 70 ] A s M ac Qu ee n n ot es , t he 9 11 C om mi ss io n a pp ea rs t o h av e u se d t he o ra l h is to ri es i n c om po si ng c ha pt er 9 o f t he ico ndi ti on o f ci vi li an s, t he n at ur e o f r es cu e o per ati on s, an d s o o n, b ut no r ef er en ce i s m ad e t o t he co mm ent s o n ex pl os io ns. 1 71 ] C7 7t h f lo or , 2 2n d ( se cu ri ty o ff ic e) f lo or , t he l ob by , a nd B 4 l ev el o f t he N or th T ow er w as d ue t o a “ fi re ba ll ” f ro m a ir pl an e i mp ac t. 1 72P al me r] h ad r ea ch ed t he 7 8t h f lo or o n st ai rw el l A o f t he S ou th T ow er ; h e r ep or te d t ha t i t l oo ke d o pe n t o t he 7 9t h f lo or , w el l i nt o t h“l ost t ape ” wh ich v er if ied t ha t m em be rs of t he f ir e de pa rt me nt r ea ch ed t he sc en e of t he cr as h zo ne of t he S ou th t ow er , wh ich w asund er con tr ol . 174 ] C hap ter 9 n ot es t hat at 9 :03 F li gh t 175 hi t th e S ou th t ower , cr ashin g thr u t he 7 7t h t o 85t h f loo rs. “T he pl ane B au nd am ag ed o n i mp ac t f lo or s. A s a c on se qu en ce -- an d i n c on tr as t t o— th e… No rt h T ow er , s ta ir we ll A i ni ti al ly r em ai ne d p as sa bl e f ro

bottom.” 175] R ecall that the s tairwell was within the 47 s teel core columns , which s ugges ts that the core area of the South towerT ow er c ol la ps ed f ir st , a nd C ha pt er 9 n ot es : “ th e S ou th t ow er c ol la ps ed i n 1 0 s ec on ds ” a nd “ co ll ap se d i nt o i ts el f” 1 76 ] y et d oe s nn ot es t ha t t he C om mi ss io n R ep or t e ve n i gn or ed t he e xi st en ce o f t he 4 7 s te el c or e c ol um ns : “ Th e o ut si de o f e ac h t ow er w as c ov er ee xt er io r w al ls b or e m os t o f t he w ei gh t o f t he b ui ld in g. T he i nt er io r c or e o f t he b ui ld in gs w as a h ol lo w s te el s ha ft , i n w hi ch e le va to r1 0: 04 , N YP D a vi at io n r ep or te d t ha t t he t op 1 5 s to ri es o f t he N or th t ow er ‘ we re g lo wi ng r ed ’. ” Y et t hi s i s c on tr ad ic te d b y p ho to s 1only one pocket of fire visible. The floors of B uildings 5 and 6 on the other hand, were documented by photographic evidence ass ta te me nt m ad e b y f or me r M ay or o f N ew Y or k R ud ol ph G iu li an i t o t he c om mi ss io n: “ We w er e o pe ra ti ng o ut o f t he re t he E me rg en cw er e t ol d t ha t t he W or ld T ra de C en te r w as g on na c ol la ps e, a nd i t d id c ol la ps e b ef or e w e c ou ld g et o ut o f t he b ui ld in g. ” 1 79 ] G ri ff i




n o p ub li cl y a va il ab le r ea so n t o b el ie ve t ha t t he T wi n T ow er s w er e g oi ng t o c ol la ps e… …T he f ir em en g oi ng u p t he s ta ir s i n t he S oc ol la ps e… S ho ul d t he C om mi ss io n n ot h av e a sk ed G iu li an i s om e q ue st io ns a bo ut t hi s s ta te me nt , s uc h a s: W ho t ol d h im t he t ow em ak es n o m en ti on o f G iu li an i’ s s ta te men t. ” 1 80 ] T hi s i s al l t he m or e i nt er es ti ng c on si de ri ng t ha t E MT R ich ar d Z ar ri ll o, i n a W or lds ta te d t ha t T he O ff ic e o f E me rg en cy M an ag em en t h ad p ri or k no wl ed ge o f t he t ow er C ol la ps es : “ OE M s ay s t he b ui ld in gs a re g oi nC om mi ss io n M ak eu p T he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n E xe cu ti ve D ir ec to r w as P hi ll ip Z el ik ow . F or me r N ew J er se y g ov er no r T ho ma s K ea n c hB ot h K ea n a nd H am il to n a ss er t i n t he ir b oo k W it ho ut P re ce de nt , t ha t t he y w er e " SE T U P T O F AI L” , t ha t b ei ng t he n am e o f t he F is e n t en c e . 1 82 ] T h e a ut h o r s r el a t e t ha t t h e c om m i s si o n w a s s t a r v ed o f f u n ds t o d o a p r op e r i n v es t i g at i o n . T he y a l so c o n f ir m t h a t to ff ic ia ls i n t he P en ta go n a nd t he F ed er al A vi at io n A ut ho ri ty . 1 83 ] S om e c la im t he ir b oo k i s a “ li mi te d h an go ut .” 1 84 ] P hi ll ip Z el ik oC li nt on t o B us h a dm in is tr at io ns . T he t ra ns it io n i nv ol ve d d ow ng ra di ng t he i mp or ta nc e a nd v is ib il it y o f t he C ou nt er -T er ro ri sm S ec

Z el ik ow a nd J am ie G or el ic k, a c om mi ss io n m em be r, w er e b ot h s ti ll s o c lo se ly i nv ol ve d i n t he e ve nt s u nd er i nv es ti ga ti on t ha t t he yE xe cu ti ve D ir ec to r, Z el ik ow r et ai ne d t he p ow er t o h ir e a ll C om mi ss io n s ta ff a nd c oo rd in at e t he f lo w o f K ea n' s i nv es ti ga ti on . H e a lw it ne ss es , d oc um en t r eq ue st s a nd s ub po en as . 1 86 ] Z el ik ow c o- au th or ed a 1 99 8 F or ei gn A ff ai rs a rt ic le o n t he l ik el y p ol it ic al a nd cev en t s uc h as t he d est ru ct io n o f th e W or ld T ra de C en ter . I n t hat ar ti cl e, Z el ik ow n ot ed t hat su ch a my th ic ev en t w ou ld sp li t t im e i“w ho le n ew w or ld ” o f po st -9 /11 t er ro r hy st er ia . 1 87] A ll c om mis si on m em be rs h ad p ot en tia l co nf li cts o f i nt er es t. 1 88 ] 5. 4. 3 9 /11 C of am il y m em be rs c om pl ai ne d o f P hi ll ip Z el ik ow ’s c on fl ic ts o f i nt er es t i n a n O ct . 3 2 00 3 l et te r t o t he C om mi ss io n, b ut w er e r eb uf fe d. 1a nd 9 -1 1 C it iz en s W at ch d em an de d t he r es ig na ti on o f Z el ik ow , b ut h e w as d ef en de d b y t he c om mi ss io n. N ew Y or k T im es j ou rn al ic om mi ss io n' s a ct iv it ie s. I n e ar ly 2 00 8, h is b oo k T he U nc en so re d H is to ry o f t he 9 /1 1 I nv es ti ga ti on , r ev ea le d t ha t a mo ng o th er t hi nw it h p re si de nt ia l a dv is er K ar l R ov e a nd o th er B us h a dm in is tr at io n o ff ic ia ls d ur in g t he c om mi ss io n' s 2 0- mo nt h i nv es ti ga ti on . 1 90 ]a ud io ta pe s o f f ir st r es po nd er s o ff er ed b y t he C it y o f N ew Y or k, r ef er en ce d p re vi ou sl y. S ee S ec ti on 2 .3 .3 ] T he r es ul t w as t he A ugus ed b y t he 9 /1 1 C omm is si on 19 1] A t t he l ast se t o f 9 /11 C om mi ss io n H ear in gs i n N ew Yo rk C it y, m em be rs o f t he N YF D, NY PD ,C om mi ss io ne r J oh n L eh ma n, f or me r S ec re ta ry o f t he N av y. T ar pl ey s ug ge st s t hi s w as p ar t o f a p ro gr am ma ti c e ff or t t o d is cr ed it t het ea m o f e ng in ee rs f ro m s ev er al f ir ms o ff er ed t he ir o wn h ig h t ec h a na ly si s, i nt en de d a s a f ol lo w- up t o t he F EM A B PA . T he f ir ms wT ec hn o lo g y/ T ho r nt o n- T om a se t ti G r ou p, A R UP Fi r e, H ug h es A ss oc ia te s I n c. , S a fi r Ro se tt i , H il l ma n E n vi r on m en ta l G ro u p, a nd R Wco mm issi on ed by Si lv er st ei n P ro pe rt ie s f or i ts i nsu ran ce cl aim on th e W TC , an d wa s f or war ded t o N IST . Al tho ugh t hi s st ud y co nc ol um ns i n t he d eb ri s p at h ( an d t he re fo re t ha t f ir e i s w ha t c au se d t he c ol la ps e) , t he r ep or t a ls o c on cl ud ed t ha t f ir e t em pe ra tu re s wWhile the FEMA report cast s us picion on the floor tr us ses , the Silvers tein report exonerated the floor trus ses , and noted the coreW TC 2 , t ho ug h hi t by t he se con d h ij ac ked p lan e a fte r On e W TC , f el l f ir st " pr ima ril y" bec au se th e pl an e str uck i t at an o ff- cent ert he c or e o f t he b ui ld in g, c on cl ud es t he r ep or t' s a ut ho rs , t he N ew Y or k C it y- ba se d l ea se ho ld er o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r. 1 93 ] T h

building virtually dis appeared, or rather dis integrated, in mid-air. Interes tingly, Matthys Levy, of Weidlinger As s ociates Inc. is recy ou 'v e s ee n m an y o f t he m an ag ed d em ol it io ns w he re t he y i mp lo de a b ui ld in g a nd t he y c au se i t t o e ss en ti al ly t o f al l v er ti ca ll y b ecs im ul ta ne ou sl y, t ha t' s e xa ct ly w ha t i t l oo ke d l ik e a nd t ha t' s w ha t h ap pe ne d. " 1 94 ] 5 .6 .0 T he N IS T I nv es ti ga ti on T he N at io na l I ns ti

began in 2002 as a res ult of lobbying by the Skys craper Safety C ampaign, which was created by Monica Gabrielle and Sally R egen2 00 1. 1 95 ] A lt ho ug h d ea li ng w it h a g re at n um be r o f s af et y r el at ed i ss ue s, N IS T w as s pe ci fi ca ll y c ha rg ed w it h t he t as k o f d et er mi ni1 0, 00 0 p ag e f in al r ep or t f or b ui ld in gs 1 an d 2 w as p ub li sh ed t hr ee y ea rs l at er , i n S ep te mb er 2 00 5, b y a st af f o f h un dr ed s w it h a b ud

st ud y i s av ai lab le o n t he N IS T w eb si te: www .ni st .go v. 1 97 ] T he w eb si te av oi ds br in gi ng u p t he p ri mar y p ur po se o f t he st ud y, a ndi mp ro ve me nt s i n t he w ay p eo pl e d es ig n, c on st ru ct , m ai nt ai n, a nd u se b ui ld in gs .” T he f in al r ep or t i nc lu de s a v as t a mo un t o f w or kt h e r e po r ts i n cl u de : D es i gn , C o ns t ru c ti o n, a n d M a in t en a nc e o f S t ru ct u ra l a n d L i fe S a fe t y S y st e ms ; B a se l in e S t ru c tu r al P e rf o rm a ncM et al lu rgi ca l An al ysi s of S tr uct ur al S te el ; Ac ti ve Fi re P ro tect ion S yste ms; R eco nstr uct ion o f t he F ir es i n th e W or ld T rad e C en te rS eq ue nc e; O cc up an t B eh av io r, E gr es s, a nd E me rg en cy C om mu ni ca ti on ; a nd T he E me rg en cy R es po ns e O pe ra ti on s. T he se r ep or tsanything directly to do with collapse analys is , and even les s had to do with s electing a cause of collapse. Only a small part of Meand Structural Fire R espons e and Probable C ollapse Sequence had anything to do with deter mining “cause”. B eyond that, as anye ng in ee rs d o, a nd w ha t t he o ut si de w or ld s ee s, c an b e t wo d if fe re nt t hi ng s. U lt im at e c on tr ol i s i n t he h an ds o f t ho se w ho c on tr ol t

NIST is a government entity, being affiliated with the Department of C ommerce 198], s o it is not “independent”. In this cas e, “maar e d ire ctl y ap po in te d by Geo rge W B ush . R ega rd in g t he cau se o f co llap se of W TC 1 an d 2, t he E xec ut iv e Su mm ar y of t he f inal rand di d co nsi de ra bl e da mag e to p rin ci pl e st ruct ura l co mp on en ts ( co re co lum ns, f lo or s, an d pe rim et er col um ns ) t hat wer e d ir ec tl y it h e t o we r s w i th s to o d t h e i m pa c ts a n d w o ul d h a ve re m ai n ed s t an d in g w e re it no t f o r t h e d i sl o dg e d i n su l at i on ( f ir e pr o of i ng ) a n d t h

perimeter frame-tube s ys tem and the large s ize of the buildings helped the towers withs tand the impact. The s tructural s ys tem redil ar ger s ca le da mag e u pon i mp act . T he h at t rus s, a f eat ur e a top ea ch t ow er w hi ch w as i nt en ded t o s up po rt a t el ev isi on an ten na, pr et ow er , a d if fe re nt c om bi na ti on o f i mp ac t d am ag e a nd h ea t w ea ke ne d s tr uc tu ra l c om po ne nt s c on tr ib ut ed t o t he a br up t s tr uc tu ra l c olW T C i n ve s ti g at i on i nc l ud e d a r ev i ew o f th o us a nd s o f d o cu m en t s, 1 20 0 fi r st - pe r so n i n te r vi e ws w i th bu i ld i ng oc c up a nt s a n d e m ers im ul a ti o ns . 2 00 ] K ev i n R y an , f or m er s i te m a na ge r o f U nd e rw r it e r’ s L a bs , h as d i sc u ss ed N I ST p er f or ma n ce o n t he se a sp ec ts o f t her el ev an t d oc um en ts n ot m en ti on ed o r m is si ng . R ya n n ot es t ha t m an y r el ev an t d es ig n c la im s w er e n ot m en ti on ed . H e a ls o n ot es t hS ki l li n g’ s) f i re r es is t an c e a na ly si s c am e u p m i ss in g. 2 01 ] 5 .6 . 1. 2 O ri g in al t ow er d es ig n f ea tu r es a nd c la im s F r an k A . D em ar t in i , t hei n t he H is to ry C ha nn el 's J an ua ry 2 00 1 f il m W or ld T ra de C en te r: A M od er n M ar ve l, t ha t t he b ui ld in g c ou ld w it hs ta nd “ mu lt ip le ” a ia tt ac ks . 2 02 ] N IS T n ot es t ha t a d oc um en t f ro m t he P or t A ut ho ri ty o f N ew Y or k a nd N ew J er se y ( PA NY NJ ) i nd ic at ed t ha t t he i mp as tage of the WTC towers . Although NIST inves tigators were “unable to locate any documentation of the criteria and method us esuch a col li si on “wo ul d r esu lt i n on ly l ocal d amag e w hi ch coul d no t cause co ll apse or subst ant ial dam age to t he bu il di ng .…” 20 3]E ng in ee ri ng , M IT , a nd a S ci en ti fi c A me ri ca n c on tr ib ut or , n ot es t ha t t he b ui ld in gs m ay i nd ee d h av e b ee n d es ig ne d f or t he i mp ac tco ns id er ed t he f ue l l oad a nd i nf er no t ha t w ou ld s ur el y e nsu e. 2 04 ] E du ar do K au se l 2 04 ] Jo hn S ki ll in g 2 05 ] Ho we ve r, J oh n S ki ll in g,i nt er vi ew w it h T he S ea tt le T im es : “ Ou r a na ly si s i nd ic at ed t he b ig ge st p ro bl em w ou ld b e t he f ac t t ha t a ll t he f ue l ( fr om t he a ir pl an ehor ren dous fi re. A l ot of p eople woul d b e ki ll ed.” B ut, he say s, “T he bui ldi ng st ructu re woul d sti ll be th ere. ” 205 ] Si nce, as Kausels am e a mo un t o f f ue l, o ne m ig ht r ea so na bl e c on cl ud e t ha t t he b ui ld in gs w er e i nd ee d d es ig ne d t o a cc om mo da te f ir es f ro m t he 7 67 -2s ig ni fi ca nt d am ag e. I n t he se f lo or s N IS T i nd ic at es t ha t o nl y a bo ut 9 o f t he 4 7 c or e c ol um ns w er e s ig ni fi ca nt ly d am ag ed , a nd a bo utz on e o f e ac h t ow er . Y et a cc or di ng t o t he " pr em ie r c on st ru ct io n i nd us tr y" p ub li ca ti on , E ng in ee ri ng N ew s- Re co rd ( EN R) , o ve r 2 5%




r em ov ed , a nd t he b ui ld in g c ou ld s ti ll w it hs ta nd 1 00 m ph w in ds f ro m a ny d ir ec ti on 2 06 ]. N IS T n ot es t ha t b ec au se o f s ev er ed c ol ut he h at t ru ss es , i nc re as ed b y u p t o 2 5% . 2 07 ] T hi s s ce na ri o a pp ea rs t o c on fl ic t w it h t he c la im f ou nd i n E NR t ha t l oa ds o n p er im et er w it ho ut f ai li ng . 2 08 ] I f t he E NR c la im w er e c or re ct , e ve n a t h al f s tr en gt h, t he l oa d o n t he p er im et er c ol um ns c ou ld b e i nc re as ed b yt ha t N IS T b eg an p la nn in g f or e ye wi tn es s i nt er vi ew s i n A pr il 2 00 3, 7 m on th s a ft er t he s ta rt o f t he i nv es ti ga ti on . B y O ct ob er , N IS

NYC interviews. B y December 2003, NYC finally agreed to allow NIST to acces s original interviews, but only in NYC offices . 209]a nd p ra is ed t he q ua li ty o f j ud gm en ts o f t he F DN Y o n t he c on di ti on o f t he b ui ld in gs o n 9 /1 1, b ut n ev er m en ti on s t he F DN Y r ep or tsA lt ho ug h N IS T f ou nd “ no s ig ni fi ca nt s te el t em pe ra tu re s o ve r 6 25 d eg . C ”. 2 11 ], a nd t he h al f s tr en gt h c ri ti ca l t em pe ra tu re o f s te el ia ss em bl ie s s of te ne d d ue t o f ir e b ec au se f ir ep ro of in g w as “ wi de ly d is lo dg ed ,” a nd t he f lo or s b eg an t o s ag i n t he i mp ac t z on e, w hi c“ co ll ap se i ni ti at io n” 2 12 ]. K ev in R ya n w ro te t o F ra nk G ay le , w ho w as h ea di ng t he N IS T A na ly si s o f S tr uc tu ra l S te el : Y ou r c om m

e xp os ed t o t em pe ra tu re s o f o nl y a bo ut 5 00 d eg re es F . ( 25 0 C ), w hi ch i s w ha t o ne m ig ht e xp ec t f ro m a t he rm od yn am ic a na ly si s o f tt ha t m uch l owe r t em pe rat ur es w er e a bl e t o no t on ly s of te n t he st ee l i n a m at ter o f m in ut es, b ut l ead t o r ap id st ru ct ur al c ol lap se …

buildings did s often or melt, I’m s ure we can all agree that this was certainly not due to jet fuel fires of any kind, let alone briefly bc on ce rn t o a ll A me ri ca ns .” … “ Th er e i s n o q ue st io n t ha t t he e ve nt s o f 9 /1 1 a re t he e mo ti on al d ri vi ng f or ce b eh in d t he W ar o n T er rthe story of 9/11. 213] R yan noted in the letter that testing of steel components of the WTC buildings was performed by UL in thec on fo rm an ce t o c od e r eq ui re me nt s f or m ul ti pl e h ou rs o f f ir e r es is ta nc e a t m uc h h ig he r t em pe ra tu re s. ” 2 14 ] A cc or di ng t o a n a rt ic les po ke sm an , s ha rp ly r eb uk ed R ya n' s s ta te me nt s, s ta ti ng : " Th e c on te nt s o f t he a rg um en t i ts el f a re s pu ri ou s a t b es t, a nd f ra nk ly , t hes ta te me nt s. K ev in R ya n, f or me r U L S it e M an ag er 2 15 ] F ra nk G ay le , N IS T 2 16 ] A cc or di ng t o t he T ri bu ne a rt ic le , R ya n c op ie d h is e -H ar bo r, a nd t o C at he ri ne A us ti n F it ts , a b oa rd m em be r o f 9 11 Tr ut h. or g. On e d ay l at er , G ri ff in r eq ue st ed a nd r ec ei ve d p er mi ss io n tw as g iv en . 2 17 ] A s p ar t o f t he i nv es ti ga ti on , N IS T c on tr ac te d w it h U nd er wr it er s L ab or at or ie s ( UL ) t o t es t f lo or t ru ss es l ik e t ho se it o a s ta nd ar d f ir e t es t ( AS TM E 11 9) a nd s us ta in ed t he m ax im um d es ig n l oa d ( tw ic e t ha t o n t he W TC t ru ss es ) f or t wo h ou rs “ wi tht ha t t hi s t yp e o f a ss em bl y w as c ap ab le o f s us ta in in g a l ar ge g ra vi ty l oa d, w it ho ut c ol la ps in g, f or a s ub st an ti al p er io d o f t im e r el at iS ep tem ber 1 1.” 21 8] T he AS TM E 11 9 t im e- tem pe ra tu re pr of il e e xpo se d t he s pe ci men s t o al mo st 10 00 d eg C . f or o ve r an ho ur . 21 9]str uctu re Let us r oug hly char acter ize the actu al W TC to wer st ructur e. Th e 137 5 f t. t all tower s o f 1 10 12.5 f t. fl oor s con si sted of a p

plan, with horizontal bracing (s pandrels) and extremely rigid chamfered corners . The peripheral s teel columns from the 9th througw er e b ui lt i nt o m as si ve st ee l w al l s ec ti on s m ea su ri ng a bo ut 1 0 f t w id e b y 2 7. 5 f t. ( th re e f lo or s) t al l, c on si st in g o f t hr ee 1 4 i nc h s qua nd w el de d t o t hi ck s te el p la te s pa nd re ls . T he b ui ld in g c or e, o f d im en si on s 7 9X 13 9 f t. , w as a v er it ab le f or es t o f 4 7 c ol um ns , h or ize le va to r s ha ft s. T he 4 7 c or e c ol um ns v ar ie d i n t hi ck ne ss w it h f lo or h ei gh t. I nd iv id ua l c or e c ol um ns i n t he l ow er c or e m ea su re d 5 2 xin to alm ost sol id ste el sh af ts t hat wei gh ed up t o 56 t ons. 2 20 ] Ot he r so ur ces, i ncl udi ng FE MA, n ot e th e ave ra ge co re b ox co lu mna c ro ss s ec ti on al a re a o f 1 76 s qu ar e i nc he s. T he b ox c ro ss s ec ti on c on st ru ct io n c ha ng ed t o r el at iv el y l ig ht I -b ea m c ro ss s ec ti on a b

perimeter columns als o decreas ed in thicknes s with increasing floor height. 222] Each tower weighed 500,000 s hort tons or 454545story section above aircraft impact weighed 58,000 metric tons. Thus, the upper 16 of the 110 floor system, or 14.5 % of the floors,s o t he m aj or it y o f t he m as s p er f lo or w as i n t he l ow er f lo or s. 2 23 ] N IS T a na ly si s o f b ui ld in g n at ur al p er io ds b ef or e a nd a ft er i mp aa pp re ci ab ly a ff ec te d b y a ir cr af t i mp ac t. 2 24 ] 5 .6 .4 .2 N IS T S im ul at io n o f A ir cr af t D am ag e t o T ow er S tr uc tu re . N IS T p er f or me d d et ai“ gl ob al s im ul at io ns ” w er e u se d t o g en er at e i nf or ma ti on a bo ut t he s ta te o f t he s tr uc tu ra l c om po ne nt s f ol lo wi ng a ir cr af t i mp ac t. 2 25 ]

f lo or 7 7 f or W TC 2 t o t he t op o f e ac h t ow er 2 26 ]. T wo m od el s w er e d on e f or ea ch t ow er ; o ne a t a n e st im at ed m in im um , t he o th er atd am ag e f or a ll i mp act ed f lo or s wa s c om bi ne d i nt o a si ng le i ma ge f or e ac h t ow er . T he c as es, a nd c ol um n d am ag e a re n ot ed i n 2 27 ].assessment for WTC 1 , was C ase B , with 6 columns severed and 3 with heavy damage. It is instructive to compare this reasonableT ru th d eb un ki ng w eb si te s, w hi ch s ug ge st s 2 0 c or e c ol um ns w er e “ re mo ve d d ue t o i mp ac t” : C om po si te f lo or p la n s ho wi ng a ir cr afF ig ur es 6 -2 1 a nd 6 -2 2 f ro m N IS T 2 28 ] F ig ur e p ur po rt in g t o s ho w a ir cr af t d am ag e t o W TC 1 2 29 ] 5 .6 .4 .3 D es ce nd in g B lo ck S ce na rit ha t t he f lo or s o f t he u pp er d es ce nd in g “ bl oc k” , c on si st in g o f 1 5 f lo or s w it h l ig ht er s up po rt s, i n t he N or th T ow er , w er e a bl e t o “ pif lo or s o f t he l ow er b lo ck , c on si st in g o f 8 5 f lo or s. R ic ha rd G ag e i n h is B lu ep ri nt f or T ru th p re se nt at io ns i nc lu de s r ea l t im e v id eo s c ld is in te gr at e p ri or t o t he “ co ll ap se ” o f t he l ow er 8 5 f lo or s. 2 30 ]. T hi s c an b e o bs er ve d i n s uc ce ss iv e f ra me s f ro m t he s eq ue nc e s ho9,1 0,11 ,12 . No ti ce th e t op o f the upp er blo ck i s descend ing r apid ly, whi le th e to p o f the lower b lock , al th ough env elop ed i n f la me,se ri es o f p ho to s 1 ,2 ,3 o f t he S ou th T ow er s ho ws t he t op 3 4 f lo or s t ip pi ng an d t he n di si nt eg rat in g: 23 2] S tev en J on es n ot es t he a nT ow er , w hi ch w as a ls o a ll ud ed t o b y H uf sc hm id : “ We o bs er ve t ha t a pp ro xi ma te ly 3 4 u pp er f lo or s b eg in t o r ot at e a s a b lo ck , t o t h

by the Second Law of Thermodynamics . The torque due to gravity on this block is enormous , as is its angular momentum. B ut the

m os tl y t o p ow de r i n m id -a ir !… Re ma rk ab le , a ma zi ng - a nd d em an di ng sc ru ti ny s in ce t he U S g ov er nm en t- fu nd ed r ep or ts f ai le d t o at op pl e, so th er e i s n o h ug e m ass o f ma te ri al be ar ing do wn on th e u nt opp led f lo or s. T he t op pl in g 3 4 f lo or s a re i n f ree f al l; n o cr ushdi si nt eg rat e i nt o d us t? T hi s m ea ns t hat t he re wa s no “m ass ive u ppe r bl ock ”, in ei th er No rt h o r So ut h T ower , t o c rus h t he lo wer f lth at “t he pu rpo rt ed ‘ tr em en do us en er gy o f t he f al lin g b ui ldi ng se ct io n’ ( upp er bl ock ) d id no t e ve n sh ow u p o n t he se ismo gr aph s. ”a ls o s ta te s t ha t a r ev ie w o f a ll p ho to gr ap hi c i ma ge s c le ar ly s ho ws a bo ut 9 5% o f f al li ng d eb ri s b ei ng f or ce d a wa y f ro m t he f oo tp ri nm as s, e it he r a s a si ng le ma ss iv e b lo ck o r b ui ld up o f d eb ri s, o nt o t he lo we r b lo ck . A ny s ug ge st io n o f t he de sc en di ng b lo ck s ce na ri

by images s howing large intact portions of the towers , apparently hanging in thin air above the “collaps e” wave. A portion of oneh an gi ng i n m id -a ir 2 35 ] Y et N IS T s ta te s r ep ea te dl y t ha t e ne rg y o f t he d ow nw ar d m ov em en t o f t he b ui ld in g m as s a bo ve t he d am a

been abs orbed by the lower floors , s o global collaps e ens ued 236] This is the es s ence of “progres s ive collaps e” theory, and it hao nl y c o ns i de r s e ve n ts f r om t h e m o me nt o f a ir c ra ft i m pa ct u n ti l “ co l la p se i n it i at i on .” 2 3 7] I n cr e di b ly , “ p ro g re ss iv e c ol l ap se ” o f f l ooc ol la ps e s eq ue nc e c om pu te r m od el s! 2 38 ] F in ni sh 9 /1 1 a ct iv is t S am i Y li -K ar ja nm aa w as a mo ng t he f ir st c ri ti cs o f t he N IS T r ep or t.s iz e a nd i mp ro ve c om pu ta ti on t im e, f ai lu re t o s im ul at e t he c ol la ps e, a nd t he N IS T c ol la ps e m an tr a, " re pe at ed 1 2 t im es i n t he p ro jechange in potential energy due to downward movement of building mas s above the buckled columns exceeded the s train energyc o l l ap s e t h e n en s u e d. ' " 5 . 6 . 4. 4 W h er e i s t h e mo m e n tu m t ra n s f er a n al y s i s? I t h a s al r e a dy b e en e st a b l i sh e d th a t t he “ d es c e nd i n g blup per bl ock s i mp act in g l ow er bl ock s. B ut f or t he s ak e of ar gu me nt , s up po se t her e h ad b ee n. S up po se a n u pp er bl ock had hi t a l ot he t h eo ry o f e la st ic it y, y et N IS T p ro vi de s n o e la st ic it y a na ly si s t o s ub st an ti at e i ts p os it io n. F un da me nt al t o a pp li ca ti on o f t he t hef act th at i mpac t o f t he t heor eti ca l “u pp er bl oc k” wi th t he “l ower bl ock” w il l n ot j ust str ess t he to pm os t f loo r o f t he l ower bl oc k; r aupward to the res t of the floors . This propagation will abs orb energy, and the ques tion is , as in the cas e of an elas tic s pring, how




M an ue l G ar ci a, i n a n a rt ic le f or C ou nt er pu nc h, s ay s t ha t h e t ak es u p t he a na ly si s o f t he c ol la ps e o f t he t ow er s “ wh er e N IS T l ef t o ft h e s a m e as s u m pt i o n a s N I S T, t h a t t h e e n er g y o f d e s c en d i n g f l o or s i s m o r e t h an t h e s t r u ct u r e c a n a bs o r b . H e d oe s n o t c o n si d e r tl o ok s at t he d es t ru c ti v e a s pe c ts of t he de s ce n di n g “ w av e tr a in . ” 2 4 0] Go r do n Ro s s h a s a p pl i ed t he t he o ry o f e l as t ic i ty i n a co m prt ha t e ve n h ad i t e xi st ed , t he m om en tu m o f t he u pp er i mp ac ti ng b lo ck w ou ld b e a bs or be d d ur in g t he t hr ee p er ce nt e lo ng at io n p ha sc ol la ps e w ou ld n ot p ro ce ed . 2 41 ] T he N IS T m an tr a r em ai ns u np ro ve n. T he N IS T i nv es ti ga ti on a ls o o mi tt ed o r d is to rt ed m an y o thof th e W TC 1 an te nna b ef or e t he ad jacen t f aç ade , t he py rocl ast ic du st cl oud s, an d po ol s of mol ten m et al i n t he W TC bas eme nt s wup st ud y on an u nusu al su lf ur r esi due w hi ch wa s f ou nd d ur in g t he F EM A B PA s tud y, an d w hi ch F EM A r eco mm en ded b e i nve st iR ya n and NI ST : Jon es ag re es wi th K evi n R yan 's ob je ct io ns r eg ar di ng th e NI ST st udy . 24 4] Jon es al so ch al le ng es NI ST 's col lap sew er e f i re - in i ti a te d d e sp i te c o nt r ar y o b se r va t io n s, p a rt i cu l ar l y t h e f a ct t h at f i re e n du r an c e t e st s w i th a c tu a l m o de l s d i d n o t r e su l t i n

NIST s tudy, which incorporate many features of the buildings and the fires on 9-11-01, are les s than convincing. 245] NIST cons tl ea d t o b ui ld in g c ol la ps e. S o t he y " ad ju st " i np ut s u nt il t he m od el f in al ly s ho ws c ol la ps e i ni ti at io n f or t he m os t s ev er e c as es . 2 46 ]t he c om pu te r s im ul at io n o nl y p ro ce ed s u nt il t he b ui ld in g i s “ po is ed f or c ol la ps e. ” J on es a sk s: W ha t a bo ut t he s ub se qu en t c om pl eW h a t ab o u t t he o b se r v e d s q u i b s? W h a t a b o u t t h e a nt e n n a d r o p p i ng f i r st i n t he N o r t h T o w e r ? W h a t ab o u t t he m o l te n m e ta l o b seand W TC 7 as wel l …W ell , some of u s wan t to lo ok at AL L th e d ata, wi th out co mpu ter si mu lat io ns t hat ar e "adj ust ed, " p er haps toown sta ti st ic al a nal ys is i n a re cen t l et te r r eg ar di ng t he N IST r epo rt, ar gu in g t hat pr ob ab il iti es o f co ll ap se- ini tia ti on nee ded t o b e c al ik el ih oo d a na ly si s f or t he ir n on -e xp lo si ve c ol la ps e m od el . R ya n' s a na ly si s i s t ha t t he p ro ba bi li ty t ha t a ir cr af t d am ag e a nd f ir es ( thc ol la ps e i s l es s t ha n o ne i n a t ri ll io n ( Ry an , 2 00 5) . “ So w he re d oe s t ha t l ea ve u s? I s tr on gl y a gr ee w it h K ev in R ya n, ‘ Th is " of fi ci al "E ng in ee ri ng C om mu ni ty A l on e s ci en ti st , A bd ol ha sa n A st an eh A sl , f un de d b y t he N at io na l S ci en ce f ou nd at io n, g ot a cc es s t o t he40 per cen t of a ste el beam was to rn aw ay, t he c ol umn di d no t col lap se, an exam pl e of re dun danc y b ui lt i nt o th e 1 970 s-v in tag e st run ot hi ng t o t hi s b ui ld in g. " 2 49 ] T he e ng in ee ri ng c om mu ni ty h as r ai se d q ue st io ns a bo ut t he r es ul ts o f t he N IS T W TC i nv es ti ga ti on .

New C ivil Engineer International (NC EI) notes : C ontrovers y s till s urrounds the exact collaps e mechanis m of the Twin Towers , deI ns ti tu te o f S ta nd ar ds & T ec hn ol og y ( NI ST ) t ea m. S om e e ng in ee rs b el ie ve t he c ol la ps e w as i nf lu en ce d b y f ac to rs o th er t ha n t he fv i t a l st r u c t ur a l s t e el e l e m e nt s . A n d t h ey h a v e a c cu s e d N I ST o f r e p e at e d l y c ha n g i ng i t s e x p l an a t i on o f t h e c o l la p s e m ec h a n is m … .

play a crucial role in the redis tribution of s tres ses after the impact,” one leading US s tructural engineer told NC E in New York “InR e g a r di n g th e a na l y s i s u s e d t o b ri n g th e to w e r s t o t he p o in t of b e in g “ po i s e d f o r co l l a p se , ” N C E I n o t e s: “ N IS T h ad o bv i o u s ly d ei mp ac t a nd f ir e m od el s… Th e s of tw ar e u se d h as b ee n p us he d t o n ew l im it s, a nd t he re h av e b ee n a l ot o f s im pl if ic at io ns , e xt ra po la ti“ re fu si ng t o s ho w c om pu te r v is ua li za ti on s o f t he c ol la ps e o f t he T wi n T ow er s d es pi te c al ls f ro m l ea di ng s tr uc tu ra l a nd f ir e e ng in eu se d t o v al id at e t he t yp e o f f in it e e le me nt a na ly si s m od el u se d b y t he i nv es ti ga to rs .” U ni ve rs it y o f M an ch es te r U .K .] p ro fe ss or o f t o b e g ain ed f ro m v is ual izi ng t he st ru ct ur al r esp on se. " NI ST s ho ul d r ea lly sh ow t he v isu al iz at io ns; o the rwi se t he o ppo rt uni ty t o ce rr or s i n t he m od el in g wi ll b e l ost ." 2 51 ] Ja mes Q ui nt ie re , P h. D. , o ne o f t he w or ld ’s l ea di ng f ir e s ci en ce r es ea rc he rs a nd sa fe ty en git he N at io na l I ns ti tu te o f S ta nd ar ds a nd T ec hn ol og y ( NI ST ), h as c al le d f or a n i nd ep en de nt r ev ie w o f N IS T’ s i nv es ti ga ti on . A la n M iM il le r n ot es t ha t D r. Q ui nt ie re g av e h is p re se nt at io n “ Qu es ti on s o n t he W TC I nv es ti ga ti on s” t wi ce a t t he 2 00 7 W or ld F ir e S af et ya pp ar en tl y d oe s n ot c on si de r c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n a p os si bl e c ol la ps e m ec ha ni sm , h is f ru st ra ti on a nd o bj ec ti on s r eg ar di ng t he Na s w el l a s t he e ng in ee ri ng c om mu ni ty . R es po nd in g t o a c om me nt f ro m a N IS T r ep re se nt at iv e i n t he a ud ie nc e, D r. Q ui nt ie re s ai d, “

v er y d if fi cu lt t o g et a c le ar a ns we r. A nd w he n a ny on e w en t t o y ou r a dv is or y p an el m ee ti ng s o r h ea ri ng s, w he re t he y w er e g iv en f iany q uest ion s. .. .” 2 52 ] Dr . Qu in tier e’ s pr ese nt at io n at t he W or ld F ir e S af ety C onf er en ce ech oed h is ea rl ier st at em ent t o t he U. S.O ct ob er 2 6, 2 00 5, d ur in g a h ea ri ng o n “ Th e I nv es ti ga ti on o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r C ol la ps e: F in di ng s, R ec om me nd at io ns , a ndi n ve s ti g at i on b y N I ST f a ll s s h or t o f e x pe c ta t io n s b y n o t d ef i ni t iv el y f i nd i ng c a us e, b y n o t s u ff i ci e nt l y l i nk i ng r e co m me n da t io n s o f authority to s eek facts in the inves tigation, and by the guidance of government lawyers to deter rather than develop fact finding."s u b m it t e d t o N I S T w hi c h w e re n e v er a c k n ow l e d g ed o r a ns w e r ed . T h o se q u e st i o n s in c l u de t h e f ol l o w i ng : " W h y we r e n o t a l t e r na

NIST had s tated repeatedly that they would do?" Noting des truction of the WTC s teel, Quintiere remarked that a careful readingthe temperatures they predict as neces s ary for failure are corroborated by findings of the little s teel debris they have. "Why has n'gros s error? " NIST us ed computer models that they s aid have never been us ed in s uch an application before and are the s tate of2 53 ] i s i n q ue st io n. O th er s h av e c om pu te d a sp ec ts w it h d if fe re nt c on cl us io ns o n t he c au se m ec ha ni sm o f t he c ol la ps e. M or eo ve r, iand compare it to known events . NIST has not done that. " "Tes ting by NIST has been inconclus ive. Although they have done fite st of at l east on e] W TC fl oor w ou ld h ave b een o f co nsi der abl e v al ue. W hy wa s t hi s no t do ne? . .. " 2 54 ] 5 .6 .7 P ur due S tu dy ; A N

d at ed S ep te mb er 1 1 2 00 6, a nn ou nc ed t he s o- ca ll ed “ Pu rd ue S tu dy ” 2 55 ]. A n A ss oc ia te d P re ss a rt ic le a pp ea ri ng i n t he J un e 2 0 2 0“sup po rts a fe der al a gen cy' s f ind in gs NI ST ] th at t he i ni ti al im pac t f ro m th e hi ja cke d a ir plan es str ipp ed awa y cr uci al f ir epr oof ingt he ir o wn w ei gh t. ” 2 56 ] S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th , S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th a nd J us ti ce , a nd P ri so n p la ne t, a mo ng o th er s, h av e c ri ti cfu nd ed by t he Nat iona l Sc ien ce Fo un dat io n, wh ose bu dg et was do ub led l ast y ear t o $6 .0 2 bi ll ion by t he B ush a dmi ni st ra ti on . I t’ s dD ep ar tm en t o f d ef en se , w he re h e w as U nd er S ec re ta ry f or R es ea rc h a nd E ng in ee ri ng , a nd D AR PA . 2 57 ] P ri so n P la ne t a ls o n ot edi n t he P ur du e s tu dy , w as a ls o o n t he A me ri ca n S oc ie ty o f C iv il E ng in ee rs r es ea rc h t ea m t ha t c on fi rm ed t he g ov er nm en t' s s to ry a boi nc on si st en ci es a nd c on fl ic ti ng t es ti mo ny . 2 58 ] N ic k I rv in g’ s p ap er , P ur du e 9 /1 1 A ni ma ti on : P ol it ic s, n ot S ci en ce , a pp ea re d o n t heKev in R yan ’s pa pe r; An Op en L et te r t o P ur du e P resi den t C or dov a, ha s b ee n p ost ed by S ch ol ar s f or 9 /11 T rut h a nd Jus ti ce. 2 60 ]descr ibi ng t he stu dy, 2 61] he not es th at “F li gh t 77 “ and “i mp act of Fl ig ht AA 71” ar e ref er en ced to ai rcr af t im pact o f W TC 1. He na nd P ur du e s tu di es ; f or e xa mp le : N IS T d et er mi ne d t ha t t he c en te r f ue l t an k o f t he a ir cr af t w as c om pl et el y e mp ty w he n i t s tr uc k W

be completely full. Although dubbed by s ome as a NIST s tudy “prop”, an Augus t 2007 ENR article entitled Purdue Model of WTd if fe re nc es . 2 62 ] S ee : H ow d o t he S tu di es c om pa re . 5 .6 .8 S ec re cy A cc or di ng t o t he N ov . 1 2 2 00 5 N ew Y or k T im es , N IS T a nn ou nce xp er ts o ve rs ee in g t he i nv es ti ga ti on , w ou ld m ee t f or 1 0 h ou rs o n N ov . 2 2 a t i ts h ea dq ua rt er s i n G ai th er sb ur g, M ar yl an d, b ut t ha t o

be clos ed “becaus e of the agency's concerns that dis cus s ions about changes in cons truction codes could prematurely influence tc od es ,” s ai d M at H ey ma n, t he i ns ti tu te 's c hi ef o f s ta ff . M on ic a G ab ri el le , w ho se h us ba nd R ic ha rd w as k il le d w he n t he S ou th t ow ehi ja cke d j et s, v eh em en tl y ob je ct ed t o t he d eci si on : '' You h av e on e j ob , an d o ne j ob o nl y - - t o f in d ou t t he t ru th o f wh at h ap pe nedshe s aid yesterday in an interview. ''You don't owe industry, the Port Authority or federal agencies anything. You owe it to the pu

been cons iderable pres s ure on us to come out with our final recommendations ,'' Mr. Heyman s aid. 263] 5.6.9 The real goal of the




g o al o f t h e N I ST “ in v es t ig a ti o n” a pp e ar s to h av e be e n t o pr o te c t t h e g o ve r nm e nt . T hr o ug h ou t th e NI S T re p or t s H a as n ot e s t h e f oe vi de nc e f or a lt er na ti ve h yp ot he se s s ug ge st in g t ha t t he W TC t ow er s w er e b ro ug ht d ow n b y c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n u si ng e xp lo si vg en er ou s u se o f t he f ol lo wi ng d is cl ai me r: “ No p ar t o f a ny r ep or t r es ul ti ng f ro m a N IS T i nv es ti ga ti on i nt o a s tr uc tu ra l f ai lu re o r f roT eam A ct m ay b e u se d i n an y s ui t o r a ct io n f or d am ag es a ri si ng o ut o f a ny m at te r m en ti on ed i n su ch r ep or t ( 15 U SC 2 81 a; as a me nda ga in st NI ST A cc or di ng t o a n ot ice o n t he S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th a nd J us ti ce w eb si te , d at ed A pr il 1 4, 2 00 7, 9 /1 1 f am il y m em be rsf or me r U L m an ag er , K ev in R ya n, a rc hi te ct R ic ha rd G ag e, a nd t he g ro up S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th a nd J us ti ce h av e a ls o f il ed a R eq ut ha t t he N IS T F in al R ep or t v io la te s i nf or ma ti on q ua li ty s ta nd ar ds , d ra ws i nf er en ce s t ha t a re i nc on si st en t w it h i ts o wn c om pu te r s i

bias toward a preordained conclus ion while ignoring available evidence contrary to it. The R eques t als o s ays that if this bias is coT ow er s s ho ul d n ot h av e c ol lap se d d ue t o p lan e d am ag e a nd f ir e. T he ob vi ou s a lt er na ti ve , w hi ch t he g rou p say s sh oul d ha ve be en

Septemb er 27 2007, NIS T f inal ly r esp onded t o the Jones R FC . 266] The NIST memor andum appears to agree t hat t he NC ST Act r ec au se s o f t he b ui ld in g f ai lu re .“ O n t he f ac t t ha t t em pe ra tu re s r ea ch ed b y s te el r ec ov er ed b y N IS T d ir ec tl y c on tr ad ic te d t he t em pe r“ Wh il e N IS T d id n ot f in d e vi de nc e t ha t a ny o f t he r ec ov er ed c or e c ol um ns e xp er ie nc ed t em pe ra tu re s i n e xc es s o f 2 50 d eg C ., i t i sto s ta te t ha t no ne o f t he co re c ol um ns o n th e f ir e ef fect ed f loo rs r each ed t emp er at ur es i n ex cess of 25 0 de g. C .” 26 7] On t he i ssu eem er gen cy p er so nn el t hat s ug gest ed th e pr esenc e of bo mb s in t he to wer s. “NI ST r evi ewe d al l o f t he i nte rvi ews c on du ct ed b y th econducted its own s et of interviews with emergency res ponders and building occupants . Taken as a whole, the interviews did not he c ol lap se o f t he W TC T ower s. ” 2 68 ] On t he i ssu e of f ai lu re t o ca rr y t he a na lysi s b ey on d t he po int of “i ni ti at io n o f col lap se ”, Non a s ol ut io n, b ut ass um es t he NI ST co ll ap se m an tr a: “O nce t he co ll ap se i ni ti at ed , i t i s cl ear f rom th e av ai lab le e vi de nc e th at th e bs to ri es o f t he t ow er s. “ 2 69 ] A nd t o m ak e s ur e w e d id n ot m is s i t, t he m em or an du m r ep ea ts : “ Fi na ll y, N IS T h as s ta te d t ha t i t f ou nw er e u se d t o b ri ng d ow n t he b ui ld in gs . N IS T d id n ot c on du ct t es ts f or e xp lo si ve r es id ue …” 2 70 ] I n t he m id st o f a ll t hi s, N IS T a dmt ot al c ol la ps e. ” 2 71 ] A ll R eq ue st s f or C or re ct io n w er e d en ie d, b ut i t i s b el ie ve d S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th a nd J us ti ce w il l a pp ea l t hi sq ue st io n N IS T R es ul ts I n S ep te mb er 2 00 6, A la n M il le r b eg an t he w eb si te w ww .P at ri ot sQ ue st io n9 11 .c om . 2 72 ] I ni ti al ly s ta te me nt sw er e p os te d, b ut t he s co pe o f t he w eb si te q ui ck ly e xp an de d. A s o f F eb ru ar y, 2 00 9, o ve r 1 60 S en io r M il it ar y, I nt el li ge nc e S er vi ce , L

profes s ors; over 230 9/11 Survivors and family members ; over 190 artis ts , entertainers and media profes s ionals ; over 170 pilots aa rc hi t ec ts a pp ea r o n t h is s it e q u es ti on i ng t h e o ff i ci al s to r y. P at r ic k L ea hy , V er mo n t S e na to r a nd c ur r en t C h ai r o f t h e S en at e J ud ic ia rD ir ec to r o f t he Jo in t I nt el li ge nce C om mi tt ee 9 11 ] I nq ui ry ( JI CI ) a dd ed t he ir s ig na tu re s o n N ov em be r 1 2, 2 00 8 R ic ha rd G ag e i s a d ea re a a nd a m em be r o f t he A me ri ca n I ns ti tu te o f A rc hi te ct s. H e h as o ve r 2 0 y ea rs e xp er ie nc e a s a n a rc hi te ct , i nc lu di ng w or ki ng w ith e f ou nd ed A rc hi te ct s a nd E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th ( ww w. ae 91 1t ru th .o rg ), w hi ch a s o f F eb ru ar y 2 00 9 h as g ar ne re d 6 07 p ro fe ss ioi nd ep en de nt i nv es ti ga ti on i nt o t he d es tr uc ti on o f W TC 1, W TC 2, a nd W TC 7 o n 9 /1 1/ 01 . " My o bj ec ti ve i s t o m ak e a ll a rc hi te ct s a nc on tr ol le d d em ol it io n b y e xp lo si ve s a t a ll t hr ee W TC h ig h- ri se b ui ld in gs ." 2 73 ] I n h is e xc el le nt D VD 9 /1 1: B lu ep ri nt f or T ru th , G aa no th er , a s s uc ce ss iv e a re as a re b ur ne d o ut , c au si ng l ar ge v is ib le s lo w d ef or ma ti on s a nd w ou ld r es ul t i n a sy mm et ri ca l c ol la ps e. Is te p t hr ou gh t he s ci en ti fi c m et ho d i n a rg ui ng h is c as e: E ac h c la im i s t es te d. I f i t f ai ls t he t es t, i t i s r ej ec te d o r r ef or mu la te d. H e t he nt he h yp ot he si s o f c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n i n a g ri de d c he ck l is t. 2 74 ] T he r el at iv el y l ar ge n um be r o f e ng in ee rs a nd a rc hi te ct s o n t het o t he e xi st en ce o f R ic ha rd G ag e’ s A rc hi te ct s a nd E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th . 5 .7 .0 H ow d o t he O ff ic ia l I nv es ti ga ti on s C om pa re ? 5 .7c er ta in c on ti nu it y o f s ta ff in g o f t he s ev er al s tu di es s up po rt in g t he O ff ic ia l S to ry : A cc or di ng t o K ev in R ya n, 2 75 ] t he A me ri ca n S oc

i nt o t he c ol la ps e o f t he T wi n T ow er s w as i ni ti al ly l ed b y t he s am e t ea m t ha t l oo ke d i nt o t he O kl ah om a C it y M ur ra h B ui ld in g b om biC or le y, S r. V P o f C TL E ng in ee ri ng a s c hi ef l ea d, C ha rl es T ho rn to n, P au l M la ka r, a nd M et e S oz en . M ur ra h b ui ld in g b om bi ng r ep orM la ka r, a nd M et e S oz en . 2 76 ] C or le y “ kn ew ” o nc e t he j et s h it t he b ui ld in g t ha t t he W TC w ou ld c ol la ps e a s i t d id : “ I j us t d id n’ t k nP et er sb ur g T im es ] 2 77 ] I nt er es ti ng ly , N YC p ut t he f ir m o f T ho rn to n- To ma se tt i i n c ha rg e o f t he W TC s it e. R ic ha rd T om as et ti ( Th ost ee l, l at er sa yi ng h ad h e “k now n t he d ir ec tio n t hat i nv est ig at ion s i nt o t he d is ast er w ou ld t ak e, he w ou ld h av e ad opt ed a di ff er en tf r om G en e C o rl e y a nd R i ch ar d T o ma se tt i . C h ar l es T ho r nt o n w as o n t h e N I ST r el a te d N at io n al C o ns tr uc t io n S af e ty T ea m A dv is or yJ oh n G r os s, R o na ld H am b ur ge r, W i ll i am B ak er , H ar ol d N el so n, a nd R a mo n G il sa nz w er e c o- au t ho rs f or p or ti o ns o f t he N IS T r ep orT ho rn to n, R ic ha rd L . T om as et ti , P au l M la ka r, a nd M et e S oz en p ro du ce s m ix ed r es ul ts . A lt ho ug h C or le y a nd M la ka r c ou ld b e s eea ss oc ia ti on w it h t he d ef en se i nd us tr y, T ho rn to n i s c on si de re d a h er o, h av in g r ec ei ve d t he 2 00 1 E ng in ee ri ng N ew s- Re co rd A wa rdm od el .” 2 80 ] K ev in R ya n n ot es t ha t G en e C or le y, C ha rl es T ho rn to n, a nd R ic ha rd T om as et ti , i nv ol ve d i n t he A SC E/ FE MA s tu di eS il ve rs te in i ns ur an ce c la im . A lt ho ug h b ot h s tu di es a gr ee d t ha t a ir pl an e i mp ac t a nd f ir e w er e t he c au se o f c ol la ps e, t he W ei dl in ge rr ep or t r eg ar di ng t he f lo or t ru ss es a s a m ec ha ni sm o f c ol la ps e. 2 81 ] W er e t he se e ng in ee rs u na wa re o f t hi s c on tr ad ic ti on ? 5 .7 .2 N or t

st ri ki ng an om al y r eg ar din g t he No rt h T ower co ll ap se: “R evi ew of v id eo tap e r ec or di ng s of t he co ll apse ta ke n f ro m v ar iou s an gl ess tr uc tu re b eg an t o m ov e d ow nw ar d a nd l at er al ly s li gh tl y b ef or e m ov em en t w as e vi de nt a t t he e xt er io r w al l. T hi s s ug ge st s t ha t c ol la re a o f t he b ui ld in g. ” T he r ep or t n ot es t hi s i s c on si st en t w it h o th er o bs er va ti on s. 2 82 ] A N Y T im es a rt ic le a ls o n ot es t hi s b eh av iot h at i ts te l ev i si o n a n te n na b eg a n t o dr o p a f ra c ti o n o f a s e co n d b e fo r e t h e r e st o f t h e b u il d in g . T h e o b se r va t io n s s u gg e st t ha t t h e b

NIST inves tigation als o noted that the collaps e of the North Tower Antenna s ugges ted that the s teel core gave way firs t, but later ev ie we d t o i de nt if y s tr uc tu ra ll y- re la te d e ve nt s. W he re p os si bl e, a ll f ou r f ac es o f a b ui ld in g w er e e xa mi ne d f or a g iv en e ve nt o r t i

building res pons e. Obs ervations from a s ingle vantage point can be mis leading and may res ult in incorrect interpretation of eventf rom d ue no rth of t he W TC 1 c ol lap se ap pear ed t o i nd icat e t ha t t he ant enn a was si nki ng i nt o t he r oo f ( Mc Al lis te r 2 002 ). W hen r ew as a pp ar en t t ha t t he b ui ld in g s ec ti on a bo ve t he i mp ac t a re a t il te d t o t he s ou th a s t he b ui ld in g c ol la ps ed ." 2 84 ] T hi s N IS T s ta te mhad to be a component of antenna motion downward as the s tructure collaps ed. As Dr. J ones notes , the proper technical approacc om po ne nt s o f m ot io n a na ly ti ca ll y, t o s ee t he r el at iv e c on tr ib ut io n . 2 85 ] N IS T s ee ms t o h av e a rr iv ed a t i ts c on cl us io n i n d is ag re eobs ervation of the s inking core was bas ed on “videotape recordings taken from various angles.” The NIST conclus ion is bas ed o5 .7 .3 A mo un t o f j et f ue l b ur ne d w it hi n t he W TC t ow er s A cc or di ng t o t he F EM A B PA , a ir cr af t f ue l c ap ac it y w as 2 3, 98 0 g al lo ns ; ato f f uel o n b oa rd . 2 86 ] " Ca lc ul at io ns i nd ic at e t hat b et wee n 1 00 0 a nd 3 00 0 g al lo ns o f j et f uel we re l ik el y c on su me d" i n f ir eb al ls f or es tr uc tu re s, o r b ur ne d w it hi n t he m. A ss um in g h al f f lo we d a wa y, t he n a pp ro xi ma te ly 4 00 0 g al lo ns r em ai ne d o n t he i mp ac t f lo or s t ohave been consumed wi thin the f ir st few mi nutes. 2 87] T he NI ST Executi ve Sum mary stat es " About 1 0,000 g al lons of jet fuel werea cc ou nt s ta te s: " Up on a ir cr af t i mp ac t, a s ig ni fi ca nt f ra ct io n o f 1 0, 00 0 g al lo ns o f j et f ue l i gn it ed w it hi n t he b ui ld in g. " 2 89 ] A pp ar ento wer s, NI ST f in all y con ced es t hat somew hat l ess th an 10 ,00 0 gal lons of fu el act ua ll y bur ned in ea ch to wer : "T he t im in g and ap pe




t he b ui ld in g. A ca lcu lat ion ba sed o n t he ox yge n co nt ai ned w it hi n t he b ui ld ing on t he f lo or s i nt o w hic h t he f uel t an ks e nt er ed i nd i burned ins ide the building in the immediate event...If roughly another 15-20 % of the jet fuel burned outs ide the building, as in Wt he b ui ld in g t o b ur n l at er o r j us t f lo w a wa y f ro m t he f ir e z on es ." 2 90 ] W it h W TC 2 ; w e f in d c la ss ic N IS T- es e. I s i t a h ig hl y d et ai le do bf us ca ti on ? 2 91 ] M et e S oz en , t he K et te lh ut D is ti ng ui sh ed P ro fe ss or o f S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee ri ng i n P ur du e' s S ch oo l o f C iv il E ng in" th e e ns ui ng f ir e f ed b y a n e st im at ed 1 0, 00 0 g al lo ns o f j et f ue l" . 2 92 ] T he f ig ur es f ro m t he f ir st o ff ic ia l i nv es ti ga ti on , b y F EM A, a rC ha nn el , n ot ed e ar li er b y D av e M cG ow an . T he t en de nc y i s t ha t i n l at er i nv es ti ga ti on s, t he e st im at ed a mo un t o f f ue l b ur ne d i ns id eex pl osi ve, or an oma lou s ch ar act er ist ics C hap ter 1 o f t he FE MA R ep or t n ot es: S ud den c oll aps e of e ach t ow er se nt o ut ai r p ress ur edi re ct io ns f or m an y bl ock s. T he d en si ty a nd p res su re o f t he d ust cl ou ds w er e st ro ng en oug h t o ca rr y l ig ht d eb ri s a nd l if t or m ov ef or s ev er al b lo ck s a ro un d t he W TC s it e. 2 93 ]… On ce m ov em en t b eg an , t he e nt ir e p or ti on o f t he b ui ld in g a bo ve t he a re a o f i mp ac t

cushion of air pushed through the impact area, the fires were fed by new oxygen and pushed outward, creating the illusions of a st ex t, t he F EM A R epo rt d id n ot e i n a pp end ix C t he pr ese nc e o f su lf ur a nd a e ut ec ti c r ea ct io n, w hi ch h ad a c or ros ive ef fe ct o f t he swas an un usu al e ve nt , an d r ec om me nd ed a d et ai le d st ud y, th is w en t n o f ur the r i n t he o ff ic ia l r ep or ts. C hap ter 9 of t he 9 /1 1 C ommexp losi ons: “ Whe n th e So ut h T ower col lap sed , f ir efi ght er s on t he u pp er f lo or s of t he No rth T ower he ar d a vi ol en t r oar , an d ma nys ta nd in g n ea r w in do ws f ac in g s ou th h ad n o w ay o f k no wi ng t ha t t he S ou th T ow er h ad c ol la ps ed , m an y s ur mi se d t ha t a b om b h adCom missi on, F EM A, and NIS T di d not address the well documented pr esence of mol ten metal in t he WT C basement s. 296] 5.7.5a cc ep te d a s h av in g b ee n d es ig ne d b y L es li e E . R ob er ts on t o w it hs ta nd 1 40 m il e p er h ou r w in ds , a nd t he i mp ac t o f t he l ar ge st a ir li

been acknowledged in both the FEMA B PA, and the NIST inves tigations . 297] The FEMA B AP contends that the 707 des ign was“ ma ss iv e” t ha n t he 7 07 . B ot h o f t he se c la im s h av e b ee n r eb ut te d. 2 98 ] F EM A w ro te t ha t f or e ac h t ow er , t he a ir cr af t i mp ac t r es ul te

partial collaps e, but did not res ult in the initiation of global collaps e. 299] The NIST Executive Summary s tates : “The two aircraftt o p ri nc ip le s tr uc tu ra l c om po ne nt s, ” A bd ol ha sa n A st an eh A sl w ro te : “ Th e i mp ac t d id n ot hi ng t o t hi s b ui ld in g. ” 3 00 ] 5 .7 .6 “ Pa nc a

building codes While the FEMA report cas t s us picion on the floor trus s es , the Silvers tein report exonerated the floor trus s es , andt ow er c ol la ps e. T he S il ve rs te in s tu dy a ls o c on cl ud ed t ha t f ir e t em pe ra tu re s w er e l ow er t ha n t yp ic al " fu ll y d ev el op ed " o ff ic e f ir es . 3tr usses as l ead ing t o “p rog ressi ve c ol la pse ”. I t m en ti ons “p anc ak in g” o nl y a f ew t im es, bu t r ef er en ces f loo r f ai lur e an d we akn ess nd eb un k a rt ic le n ot es i n s up po rt o f “ pa nc ak e t he or y” : F AC T: O nc e e ac h t ow er b eg an t o c ol la ps e, t he w ei gh t o f a ll t he f lo or s a bo vet he h ig he st i nt act f loo r. Un ab le t o a bso rb t he m ass iv e e ne rg y, t ha t f lo or wo ul d f ai l, t ran sm itt in g t he f or ce s t o t he f lo or b el ow, al lo

building in a chain reaction. Engineers call the proces s "pancaking," and it does not require an explos ion to begin, according to DA sso ci at es a nd a m em be r o f t he A me ri ca n S oc ie ty o f C iv il E ng in ee rs ( AS CE ) t ea m t ha t w or ke d o n t he F EM A r ep or t. 3 03 ] I n t he f i

bearing down with pulverizing force, becaus e both upper blocks were pulverized. Further, no momentum trans fer analys is was do becaus e they did. Going further, Dr. Steven J ones puts it this way: "Where is the delay that mus t be expected due to cons ervationT ha t i s, a s u pp er -f al li ng f lo or s s tr ik e l ow er f lo or — an d i nt ac t s te el s up po rt c ol um ns —t he f al l m us t b e s ig ni fi ca nt ly i mp ed ed b y t hcol um ns f ai le d / di si nt egr at ed alo ng wi th t he fa ll in g fl oo r pan s. How do t he upp er f loor s fal l so qu ick ly , th en, an d sti ll c onser ve m oc on tr ad ic ti on i s i gn or ed b y F EM A, N IS T a nd 9 -1 1 C om mi ss io n r ep or ts w he re c on se rv at io n o f m om en tu m a nd t he f al l t im es w er eu se d t he f ol lo wi ng e xa mp le t o i ll us tr at e t he p oi nt . W hi ch t ow er t op w il l s tr ik e t he g ro un d f ir st ? A cc or di ng t o t he o ff ic ia l s to ry , b otf re e f al l 3 05 ] “ Li ke a ll o ff ic e b ui ld in gs , t he W TC t ow er s c on ta in ed a h ug e v ol um e o f a ir . A s t he y p an ca ke d, a ll t ha t a ir -- al on g w it h

t he c ol la ps e- - wa s e je ct ed w it h e no rm ou s e ne rg y. ‘ Wh en y ou h av e a s ig ni fi ca nt p or ti on o f a f lo or c ol la ps in g, i t' s g oi ng t o s ho ot a ii nv es ti ga to r S hy am S un de r t el ls P M. T ho se c lo ud s o f d us t m ay c re at e t he i mp re ss io n o f a c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n, S un de r a dd s, ‘ bu3 06 ] A lt ho ug h “ pa nc ak e/ pa nc ak in g” i s n ot r ef er en ce d i n t he N IS T r ep or t, t he l ea d i nv es ti ga to r u se s t he t er m f re el y. S te ve n J on estoo shor t, so air ex pul sion du e to col lap si ng f loo rs i s exc lud ed. A r ough cal culat io n o f the ti me f or t he n or th to wer to fr eef all ( fr omf re ef al l i s . 88 s ec on ds . 3 07 ] P an ca ki ng a s d es cr ib ed b y M r. S un de r w ou ld r eq ui re e ac h f lo or t o c ol la ps e ( fr ee f al l) i nd ep en de nt ly a nwo uld b e 1 10 st or ies * . 88 se co nd s p er s tor y, or a bo ut 9 7 sec ond s. T hi s do es no t i nc lud e a de lay t ime f or t he b rea kin g of s uc ce ssiTower (under 16 s econds, is much closer to freefall time (9.2 s econds) than the time for “pancaking” as described by Mr. Sundert he F EM A “ Pa nc ak in g” a pp ro ac h “ fi na ll y f ai ls t o a cc ou nt f or t he o bs er ve d c ol la ps e o f t he 4 7 i nt er co nn ec te d c or e c ol um ns w hi ch

buildings , and it has the s triking weaknes s of requiring the connections of the floor pans to the vertical columns to break, both ats im ul ta ne ou sl y. ” 3 08 ] A lt ho ug h N IS T h as o ff ic ia ll y g iv en u p t he i de a o f “ pa nc ak in g” 3 09 ], w hi ch i s n ev er m en ti on ed i n i ts f in al r“ pr og re ss iv e” c ol la ps e 3 10 ], w hi ch i s m en ti on ed f re qu en tl y. 3 11 ] A lt ho ug h t he F EM A, N IS T a nd P ur du e s tu di es e mp ha si ze t he hth at f ire t emp er at ur es wer e l ower t ha n t yp ical "f ul ly de vel ope d" o ff ice f ir es. Al th oug h bo th NI ST an d t he P urd ue st ud y ag ree t ha t

l ea di ng t o c ol la ps e, t he P ur du e s tu dy , a s t he S il ve rs te in s tu dy , s ug ge st c or e c ol um ns f ai le d f ir st , w hi le t he N IS T s tu dy c on cl ud ed tc or e c ol um ns w er e s ev er ed o r h ea vi ly d am ag ed i n t he “ mo re s ev er e” c at eg or y, w hi le P ur du e c la im s 5 2 c or e c ol um ns w er e " de st roS un de r, l ea d N IS T W TC i nv es ti ga to r, s ug ge st ed t he f id el it y o f m od el in g w as t he r ea so n f or t hi s d is cr ep an cy . 3 12 ] K ev in R ya n n or ef le ct s r ea li ty : i t i s c le ar t ha t t he a ir cr af t i mp ac ti ng t he W TC t ow er s c ou ld n ot h av e b ee n i ns ta nt ly t ra ns fo rm ed i nt o t ho us an ds o fa ni ma ti on m or e r ea li st ic al ly d is pl ay s t he l ar ge f ra gm en ts o f d eb ri s f ro m t he f us el ag e c la tt er in g a ro un d i n t he s ke le ta l f ra me wo rk o fd i s i nt e g r a ti n g i n t o sh o t g u n ty p e b l as t s , p ur p o r t e dl y s c r a pi n g t h e f ir e p r o of i n g o f f o f th o u s an d s o f s qu a r e m e te r s o f s ur f a c e ar e a . 3v er ti ca l c ol um ns d o N OT f ai l ( co nt ra ry t o F EM A' s m od el ), b ut r at he r t he f lo or p an s " pu ll w it h e no rm ou s f or ce , s uf fi ci en t t o c au sef in al f ai lu re .” 3 14 ] N IS T c oo rd in at ed o n s om e W TC w or k w it h A RU P, a n i nt er na ti on al c on st ru ct io n a nd s af et y o rg an iz at io n. A cc oof fi cial Am er ican cla ims tha t t he to wers became mor e vul ner abl e t o co ll apse as a r esul t of r emov al of f ir epr oof ing due to air cr af t iv ie ws a t a m aj or c on fe re nc e h el d a t G ai th er sb ur g n ea r W as hi ng to n D C t o d is cu ss t he o ff ic ia l f in di ng s. B ri ti sh e ng in ee r B ar ba ra Lh av e c ol la ps ed e ve n w it ho ut t he r em ov al o f f ir ep ro of in g. 3 15 ] A RU P a ls o c on te st s a no th er N IS T f ai lu re m ec ha ni sm : “ th e c or e c ols im pl y a s a r es ul t o f c ol um n s ho rt en in g. ” 3 16 ] A lt ho ug h t he F EM A B AP a ck no wl ed ge d t he n ov el ty o f t he c ol la ps es , 3 17 ] G ri ff in

put out by NIST--the National Ins titute for Standards and Technology (2005)--even implies that fire-induced collapses of large s tee3 18 ] I nd ee d, N IS T, b as ed o n t he s in gu la r c ol la ps es o f 9 /1 1, a pp ea rs t o h av e c om e u p w it h a w ho le n ew c la ss o f b ui ld in g f ai lu re s t

protected agains t retroactively and in the future. 319] NC EI notes that the engineering community as well as developers are noww ho m d ou bt t he r es ul ti ng b ui ld in gs w il l b e a ny s af er . 3 20 ] T he a pp ar en t r ev is io ni sm w e h av e s ee n i n t he p ol it ic al ly c or re ct “ co ll af ig ht in g c om mu ni ty s ee ms p ar al le le d i n G re at B ri ta in . A lt ho ug h B ri ti sh e le me nt s i n A RU P a re n ow c on vi nc ed t he t ow er s w ou ld h ah ig h p ro fi le B ri ti sh s tr uc tu ra l d esi gn er s w er e o ri gi na ll y q ui te d ub io us o f t he i de a o f f ir e i nd uc ed c ol la pse s. I n a n a rt ic le d at ed 4 O ct




F ri sc hm an n G ro up a nd t he C it y U ni ve rs it y, L on do n, s ai d t ha t t he a ir cr af t p un ct ur in g o f t he o ut er s te el s he ll s o f t he t ow er s w ou lde xp lo si on c au se d b y t he f ue ll ad en a ir cr af t w ou ld h av e b ee n i nt en se , t he l ac k o f a va il ab le o xy ge n i ns id e t he t ow er s w ou ld , a cc or dit em pe ra tu re t o l es s t ha n 1 ,0 00 C el si us , w it hi n t he t ow er d es ig n l im it s. A rc hi te ct B ob H al vo rs on , o f H al vo rs on a nd K ay e i n L on dono t t he W or ld T rad e C en te r T ow er s sho ul d h ave co lla pse d in t he way t ha t t hey di d. .. .W e ar e op er at in g we ll bey on d r eal ist ic e xp erdivergence in details of the mechanis m of building collaps e propos ed by the various s tudies , even by the s ame engineers , yet sucan d f ir e. 6 .0 B ush S ci en ce T he NI ST st udy i s a p rod uct of t he B ush ad mi ni st ra ti on . A n e nu mer at io n o f t he i nc on si st enc ies o f t hed oc um en te d p at te rn o f B us h a dm in is tr at io n a bu se o f t he s ci en ti fi c m et ho d T he H ou se C om mi tt ee o n G ov er nm en t R ef or m f ou nd "m an ip ul at ed t he s ci en ti fi c p ro ce ss a nd d is to rt ed o r s up pr es se d s ci en ti fi c f in di ng s. " 3 22 ] O n F eb ru ar y 1 8, 2 00 4, o ve r 6 0 l ea di ng s ci" Th e d is to rt io n o f s ci en ti fi c k no wl ed ge f or p ar ti sa n p ol it ic al e nd s m us t c ea se ." S in ce t he n, o ve r 9 00 0 a dd it io na l s ci en ti st s a nd e ng

Fi sh and Wi ld Li fe Ser vice. Accor din g t o t he L .A. Ti mes, a surv ey of t he 14 00 em ploy ees work ing fo r the U.S. Fi sh and W il dli fe So f C on ce rn ed S ci en ti st s a nd P ub li c E mp lo ye es f or E nv ir on me nt al R es po ns ib il it y. A d iv is io n o f t he D ep ar tm en t o f t he I nt er io r, t hew h ic h a n im a ls an d p l an t s s h ou l d b e p l ac e d o n t h e e n da n ge r ed sp e ci e s l i st an d d e si g na t in g a r ea s w h er e su c h s p ec i es ne e d t o b e pr ep or te d t he y h ad b ee n " di re ct ed t o i na pp ro pr ia te ly e xc lu de o r a lt er t ec hn ic al i nf or ma ti on ." M or e t ha n h al f o f s ur ve y r es po nd er s si nc lu di ng t im be r, g ra zi ng , d ev el op me nt a nd e ne rg y c om pa ni es , h ad a pp li ed p ol it ic al p re ss ur e t o r ev er se s ci en ti fi c c on cl us io ns d eei n 2 00 2 a ft er 2 0 y ea rs w it h t he a ge nc y, s ai d: " Po li ti ca l p re ss ur es i nf lu en ce t he o ut co me o f a lm os t a ll t he c as es …A s a s ci en ti st , I wc om in g o ut o f t h e a ge nc y. " 3 2 4] l ef t : G eo r ge B u sh o n G lo b al W a rm i ng ; C e nt er : J am es C o nn au gh t on , c ha i rm an N ew sF ol l ow Up .c o3 25 ] A c le ar e xa mp le o f d is to rt io n o f s ci en ti fi c k no wl ed ge w as s ee n i n t he s ub se qu en t d ec la ra ti on b y E PA A dm in is tr at or C hr is ti nw ee k a ft er t he a tt ac ks . 3 26 ] I n f ac t, a cc or di ng t o t op s ci en ti st s, t he a ir a t G ro un d Z er o w as h ig hl y c or ro si ve , a nd a " si gn if ic an t t hr eE nv ir on me nt al Q ua li ty , h ea de d b y J am es C on na ug ht on , d ir ec te d t he E PA t o e di t t he s ci en ti fi c f in di ng s " ba se d o n h ow i t s ho ul d bmounted f rom 9/11 dust. The number of people with medical problems l inked to the 9/11 at tacks on New York has risen t o at least 1R eg i st r y. 3 2 9] 7 . 0 A lt er n at i ve T h eo ri es 7 .1 S te ve n J on es T he r mi te /T h er ma te A l te rn at i ve O n 2 3 N ov 2 0 03 , D . P . G ri m me r p ub l is hemelt sections of the WTC inner core columns in such a way as to cause collapse. The paper estimated the mass and volume of thewoul d hav e been phy si call y p ossi bl e to del iver t his quant it y o f ther mi te t o t he W TC to wers. 330 ] I n lat e 200 5, and ear ly 200 6, twoC it y m ai ns tr ea m p ub li ca ti on , w hi ch s ig na le d t he e me rg en ce o f t he i ss ue o f t he c ol la ps e o f t he W TC t ow er s i nt o m ai ns tr ea m U .S . cB om bs , N ot P la ne s, T op pl ed W TC ,” 3 31 ] s et t he s ta ge , j us ti fy in g t he p os si bi li ty t ha t t he W TC t ow er s w er e s ub je ct t o e xp lo si ve s.d ur in g t he c ol la ps e o f t he t ow er s w hi ch p ar al le le d c la ss ic e xa mp le s o f c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n. T he s ec on d a rt ic le , “ Ph ys ic is t S ay s

preliminary evidence for a s pecific demolition mechanis m. J ones noted that the government requires s tandard explos ives to contaim an uf ac tu re rs , b ut n o t ag s a re r eq ui re d f or a lu mi nu m, i ro n o xi de , o r s ul fu r, t he c on st it ue nt s o f a p ow er fu l i nc en di ar y. T he a rt ic lef ro m t he S ou th T ow er m om en ts b ef or e i t c ol la ps ed . A bo ut t hi s s am e t im e, S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th w as f ou nd ed , w hi ch a tt em pt edof 9/11. At this time, J ones began s everal ongoing reports to document his pos ition, and his alternative theory of the collaps e of“ Wh y I nd ee d d id t he W TC B ui ld in gs C om pl et el y C ol la ps e? ” S ee “ Ab br ev ia ti on s u se d i n e nd no te s a nd t ex t. ” ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ? ? ?? ?i s: h ow d oe s a sm al l a mo un t o f j et f uel a t t he t op o f t he t ow er s, w it h a m ax im um t em pe ra tu re o f 1 00 0 d eg C , r esu lt i n l ar ge e xp lo si oma in tai ns t ha t “t hes e o bs er va tio ns m olt en m et al i n t he W TC b ase men ts] ar e co nsi st en t w it h u se of t he h ig h- te mpe rat ur e t he rmi tet o c ut o r d em ol is h s te el … T he rm it e i s a m ix tu re o f i ro n o xi de a nd a lu mi nu m p ow de r. T he e nd p ro du ct s o f t he t he rm it e r ea ct io n a re

ge ner at es m ol ten i ron d ir ec tl y, an d i s ho t en ou gh t o m el t a nd e ve n e va por at e s te el w hi ch i t c on tac ts w hi le r ea ct in g… Th er mi te c oc an n ot b e s mo t he r ed , e ve n w i th w at er . .. U se o f s ul f ur i n c o nj u nc ti o n w i th t h e t h er m it e p r od u ce s t he r ma te , w h ic h w il l a cc el e ra t e t h et he F EM A r ep or t d is cu ss es t he p re se nc e o f s ul fu r, c re at in g a e ut ec ht ic r ea ct io n] . J on es a ls o s ai d t he u se o f e xp lo si ve s s uc h a s H Dan al ysi s o f t he c ol or o f s la g r eco ver ed f ro m W TC de br is, and me lt ing te mp er at ur es of v ar iou s met al s , J on es co nc lu de d t he m et alm el t a t a bo ut 1 50 0 d eg C . 3 34 ] M et al s la g r ec ov er ed f ro m W TC b as em en t 3 35 ] J on es n ot es t ha t a n a bu nd an ce o f I ro n ( as o pp os esampl e of sl ag recovered f ro m the W TC sit e, now stor ed in a war eh ouse i n NY. 335] B ri ght f lame in S. T ower 336 ] M olten met al f li n t he N IS T R ep or t p ro vi de s e vi de nc e f or a h ig hl y e xo th er mi c r ea ct io n R eg ar di ng t hi s p ho to gr ap h, N IS T n ot es “ an u nu su al f la me i…f ol lo wed b y t he f lo w o f a g lo wi ng l iq ui d” 3 36 ] A n um ber o f f ra me s sh ow in g f lo wi ng m ol ten m et al f ro m t he S ou th T ow er , s ho rt lyT ow er 3 38 ] A p re vi ou s v er si on o f “ Wh y I nd ee d” s ho ws a p ic tu re t ak en b y R ob M il le r, p ho to jo ur na li st w it h t he N ew Y or k P os t] wd ri pp in g, l iq ue fi ed m et al . 3 38 ] T he rm it e r ea ct i on a t B Y U l ab 3 39 ] J on es n ot es t he s im il ar it y b et we en N IS T’ s “ br ig ht f l am e” f ol lo wei n h is l ab at B YU , w hi ch s ho ws b ri gh t f la re, m ol ten y el low -wh it e g lo wi ng i ro n, a nd a pl um e o f al um in um o xi de sm ok e. 3 39 ] H e st ade pt h in vest ig at ion of t he us e of t her mi te -t yp e r eact io ns i n t he d est ru ct io n o f t he” W TC . 3 40] NI ST i nv est ig ato rs r ule d o ut t he po

because of the unlikelihood of s teel melting. They s ugges ted the molten material may have been aluminum from the impacting aircfai nt ly, t he m ater ial f lo wing f ro m t he S out h Towe r is m ost li kely no t al umi num , b ut ir on . 3 42] As o f July 200 6, Jones st ated t hat ao f f or me rl y m ol te n m at er ia l f ro m t he T ow er s w er e m os tl y i ro n. E le ct ro n m ic ro pr ob e d at a a ls o s ho we d a lu mi nu m, s ul fu r, a nd p ot as sa nd f lu or in e ( F) a re u se d i n t he rm it e e xp lo si ve s, a nd a re o ft en p re se nt i n t he r es id ue , a nd m ay b e p ar t o f a " th er mi te f in ge rp ri nt ." 3of se ver al sa mpl es of W TC st ee l. Jo nes n ote s: “W hi le g yps um i n t he bu il din gs i s a p os si ble so ur ce o f sul fu r, i t i s h igh ly un li ke lysuch as to form a eutectic.” 344] Dr Jones and his students also ran experiments to see if a hypothesis put forward by F. Greeningf ro m th e pl anes wh ich st ruc k th e T ower s c oul d m elt , an d th at t hi s a lu mi nu m mi gh t f all on "r uste d stee l sur face s i nd uci ng v io le nt tl en t n o s up po rt w ha te ve r t o t he G re en in g t he or y. A lu mi nu m h it w it h t or ch d oe s N OT c at ch f ir e; A lu mi nu m m el ts a nd f lo ws a t a boalu mi num- gypsum /co ncr ete /pl ast ic reac ti ons occur red. 34 5] T in y alum in um par ti cl es i n i ron oxi de can be c ast i nt o any shape i n a "R ya n n ot es t ha t s ol -g el s m ig ht l ea ve a t el l- ta le r es id ue : 1 ,3 ,d ip he ny lp ro pa ne . 3 46 ] A na ly si s o f W TC d us t s ho we d t ha t o ne m ol ec ud wa rf ed a ll o th er s, " a cc or di ng t o E PA 's E ri k S wa rt z. " We 'v e n ev er o bs er ve d i t i n a ny s am pl in g w e' ve e ve r d on e. " S wa rt z s pe cu la tc hl or id e m at er ia ls o f t en s o f t ho us an ds o f b ur ni ng c om pu te rs 3 47 ] I n h is p ap er 9 /1 1 R ev is it ed A pp ly in g t he S ci en ti fi c M et ho d, D r.co lla ps es. T he i ro n r ic h co mpo ne nt o f t he W TC d us t sa mp les w as an al yze d b y sc an ni ng el ect ro n m ic ros co py an d x -r ay e ne rgy di si r on r i ch d us t w as c om p os ed o f r o ug h ly s ph er i ca l p ar t ic le s- m ic ro s ph er e s, u p t o a bo u t 1 .5 m m i n d i am et e r. T h e p r es en ce o f m et a ll i cs o t ha t s ur fa ce t en si on p ul le d t he d ro pl et s i nt o a r ou gh ly s ph er ic al s ha pe . J on es n ot es t ha t a t he rm at e r ea ct io n o f a m ix tu re o f i ro n,wi th h ig h pea ks in i ron , al um in um , and su lf ur, in X- EDS test ing . He no tes t hi s w ou ld co nst itu te a ch emi cal sig nat ur e of th er ma ted ra wi ng a ny c on cl us io ns , h e d oe s p oi nt o ut t ha t t he W TC i ro n r ic h d us t s am pl es a ls o c on ta in ed a lu mi nu m a nd s ul fu r. H e t he n p oiA ss oc ia ti on ) 9 21 G ui de f or F ir e a nd E xp lo si on i nv es ti ga ti on c le ar ly s ta te s: “ Un us ua l r es id ue s m ig ht r em ai n f ro m t he i ni ti al f ue l. T h




o th er p yr ot ec hn ic m at er ia ls .” H e t he n n ot es t ha t l oo ki ng f or r es id ue s i s t he s ta nd ar d p ro ce du re f or f ir e a nd e xp lo si on i nv es ti ga ti or es ed ue ?” N IS T’ s a ns we r: N o, a nd i n t ha t a ns we r t he y a re r em is s. 3 48 ] A lt ho ug h J on es n ot es t ha t t he U SG S P ar ti cl e A tl as o f W T3 49 ] p ar ti cl e f or m i s n ot c on si de re d i n m os t a ir q ua li ty a na ly se s. E nv ir on me nt al H ea lt h P er sp ec ti ve s n ot es “ Th e e xp lo si on a nd c ol lc at as tr op hi c e ve nt t ha t p ro du ce d a n a er os ol p lu me i mp ac ti ng m an y w or ke rs , r es id en ts , a nd c om mu te rs d ur in g t he f ir st f ew d ay s a ftanal yzed fo r in or gani c and or gan ic comp osit io n, not f or p art icl e si ze o r shape. 35 0] On 4/ 18/ 08, Dr . Jones a nd his resear cher s su ccE ng in ee ri ng j ou rn al , T he O pe n C iv il E ng in ee ri ng Jo ur na l, p p. 35 -4 0. T he t it le i s F ou rt ee n P oi nt s o f A gr eem en t w it h O ff ic ia l G ov erAut hor s: St even E . Jo nes, Fr ank M . L egg e, Kevi n R . R yan , An th ony F. S zambo ti , Ja mes R . Gou rl ey. T he ab str act was g ive n as: “t h e d e st r uc t io n o f t h e W o rl d T r ad e C e nt e r o n 9 / 11 / 20 0 1. I n t h is L e tt e r, w e w i sh t o s e t a f o un d at i on f o r p r od u ct i ve d i sc u ss i on a n dcom mo n gr ou nd wi th FE MA and N IST , wh il e at t he sam e ti me co un ter ing se ver al pop ul ar myt hs ab ou t th e W TC co ll ap ses. ” 3 51 ]

P ro je ct C en so re d s to ry n um be r 1 8 i n 2 00 7. P et er P hi ll ip s n ot ed t ha t i nc lu si on o f f ew s to ri es , i f a ny , h av e g en er at ed m or e c on tr ov e judges res igned becaus e of it’s inclus ion in the 2007 yearbook. 352] 7.3 Gordon R os s Four Phas e Attack Alternative According to

s eparate s teps. The four s teps des troyed s ucces s ively the upper central core, perimeter corners , perimeter s ides , horizontal bracino f t he t ow er p er im et er w er e c ap ab le o f s up po rt in g t he t ot al m as s a bo ve t he m, w it ho ut t he h el p o f t he p er im et er s id es o r t ow er c orc on ne ct ed o nl y t o t he m id p er im et er c ol um ns w it hi n t he p ro je ct io n o f t he c or e w id th ( wh ic h m ak es g oo d s en se g eo me tr ic al ly ). T h

projection of the core were connected to a trans fer trus s , and the trans fer trus s was connected to the core. R os s s ugges ts that this y st e ms ; t he p e ri m et e r co r ne r s, a n d th e c or e a nd p e ri m et e r mi d -s i de s . Ea c h wo u ld h a ve b e en c a pa b le o f s us t ai n in g t he t o we r s st rat ta ck ed an d de st ro ye d to b ri ng ab ou t t ot al c ol la pse. Up per c or e f ai lu re w oul d r es ult i n t ran sf er of t he e nti re l oa d t hr ou gh t he h atd ow nw ar d m ov in g c or e w ou ld p ul l t he p er im et er m id -s id e c ol um ns i nw ar d ( in wa rd b ow in g) . F ai lu re o f e ac h o f t he f ou r c or ne rs o ft he p er im et er m id -s id es c ol um ns , w hi ch w ou ld t he n f ai l. R os s b el ie ve s, t o f ac il it at e c ol la ps e, t he f lo or t o m id -w al l p er im et er a nd c o

be es pecially neces s ary on the mechanical floors , becaus e of their relatively greater des ign s trength. Finally, the lower core was ata nd v id eo , f or e ac h o f t he s ta ge s o f d es tr uc ti on . T he se i nc lu de : S ur vi va l o f t he l ow er c or e s tr uc tu re u nt il a n a dv an ce d s ta ge o f t hes tr uc tu re a ft er t he c ol la ps e f ro nt h as p as se d; I nw ar d b ow in g o f t he p er im et er w al ls ; S ag gi ng o f f lo or s; T il ti ng m ov em en t o f t he u pd is in te gr at io n o f u pp er s ec ti on ; E ar ly d ow nw ar d m ov em en t o f t he a nt en na e; E je ct io ns o f d us t & d eb ri s s im ul ta ne ou sl y a cr os s w ha nd c ha ra ct er c ha ng es o f s mo ke e mi ss io ns ; M ol te n m et al e je ct io ns ; F ai lu re o f c or e s tr uc tu re h or iz on ta l b ra ci ng ; a nd A ng le c ut c ot he i nf am ou s b eh av io r o f t he t op 3 4 f lo or s o f t he S ou th T ow er , w hi ch h ad s ee mi ng ly v io la ted t he p ri nc ip le o f a ng ul ar m om en tu m.Q ue st io ns R E t he “ Of fi ci al S to ry ” W hy h av e n o s te el f ra me d s tr uc tu re s c ol la ps ed e it he r b ef or e o r s in ce 9 /1 1 d ue t o f ir e, e ve n t hoW or ld C la ss s tr uc tu ra l d es ig n f ir m W or th in gt on , S ki ll in g, H el le & J ac ks on s cr ew ed u p i n d es ig ni ng t he t ow er s t o s us ta in i mp ac t wd es ig ne d f or f ir es f ro m a bo ut t he s am e a mo un t o f f ue l t ha t t he i mp ac ti ng a ir cr af t c ar ri ed ? W e h av e b ee n t ol d b y t he O ff ic ia l D is coi n e ac h t ow er , s o w e m ig ht a sk w ha t s up pl ie d t he f ue l n ee de d f or s us ta in ed h ig h t em pe ra tu re s f or t he r em ai ni ng t im e u nt il t he t owa ss em bl ie s s of te ne d d ue t o h ig h t em pe ra tu re s, w he n a ct ua l N IS T t es t s pe ci me ns e nd ur ed t em pe ra tu re s o f a lm os t 1 00 0 d eg . C f or t6 25 d eg . C .” w er e f ou nd ? ( No t w it hs ta nd in g t he f ac t t ha t a l ot o f t he s te el h ad b ee n i na pp ro pr ia te ly “ re cy cl ed ”) W he re d id a ll t he ec au se m as si ve d es tr uc ti on ; p ul ve ri ze c on cr et e t o f in e d us t; m el t m et al i n b as em en ts ; v ap or iz e s te el c ol um ns i n m id -a ir ; p ar ti al ly o rt ow er s; c re at e a ft er gl ow , a nd “ va po ri ze h um an s” ? W ho i s c or re ct i n c al cu la ti ng t he a mo un t o f e ne rg y n ee de d t o p ro du ce t he o bs eH of fm an c al cu la te d 1 0 t im es t he a va il ab le g ra vi ta ti on al e ne rg y, a nd t he “ of fi ci al s to ry ” c al cu la te d 3 0% o f a va il ab le g ra vi ta ti on al

lo bby , ba sem en t m ach ine sh op , a nd u nd er gr ou nd p ar ki ng g ar ag e i n t he No rt h T ow er , p rio r to it s co ll apse ? A f loo r- by -f lo or g ravi tov er 90 s eco nd s, a t im e m uch l on ger t han t he act ual t ime o f col lap se o f t he t ower s. W hy? Ho w co ul d a ny m ec han ical pr oce ss (c at hr ou gh 1 10 f lo or s w it h e no ug h s pe ed t o r ou gh ly c oi nc id e i n t im e t o b ui ld in g f re e f al l? W ha t c au se d t he n um er ou s e xp lo si on s a nc ol la ps es ? W ha t c au se d t he s mo ke c om in g f ro m t he a re a a ro un d b ui ld in gs 5 , 6 , a nd /o r 7 , v id eo ta pe d b y C NN , m om en ts a ft er f li gh to ut le ts m is -r ep re se nt ed t he s iz e o f t he W TC s er vi ce c or es b y u se o f a m is le ad in g d ia gr am ? W TC 1, 2, a nd 7 a ll c ol la ps ed sy mm et ri cc lo ud ; s ho we d s ig ns o f e ut ec ti c r ea ct io n; a nd m ol te n m et al r em ai ne d i n t he b as em en ts f or w ee ks . P ho to gr ap hi c e vi de nc e s ho ws t hP ho to gr ap hi c e vi de nc e s ho ws m et al o f a ll s or ts , i nc lu di ng t ho us an ds o f c ar s a nd t ru ck s n ea r t he t ow er s, b ei ng b ur ne d a nd /o r m el tr em ai nd er i s u nd am ag ed , a nd v id eo s s ho we d a n a ft er gl ow a ft er e ac h c ol la ps e. H ow c an t hi s b e t he w or k o f g ra vi ty ? W hy w ou ld t hres ponders "opinions " and "recommendations " as untrue, acros s the board, and refus e to releas e this information to the public?r ep or ts , a nd t hi s r ed ac te d m at er ia l a cc ep te d b y t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n? W ha t a re t he se " op in io ns " a nd " re co mm en da ti on s" N Y C it yr em ov ed a ll a rt ic le s r el at ed t o t he se i ss ue s f ro m t he ir a rc hi ve s? W hy w er e t he r el at iv es o f 1 6 f ir ef ig ht er s i de nt if ie d o n t he " lo st t ap

being allowed to hear it? The s o-called “los t tape”, which recorded the las t words of C hief Orio Palmer on the 78th floor of the So

go ing t o b e u sed i n t he Z aca ri as M ous sao ui tr ia l. T hat t ria l i s ov er no w, so wh y n ot l et t he pu bl ic he ar th e u n- red ac te d au di o t ap eo f N ew Y or k C it y R ud ol ph G iu il ia ni t ha t t he t ow er s w er e g oi ng t o c ol la ps e, a nd h ow d id t he y k no w? W hy d id t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss ion um be r o f E ur op ea n e xp lo si ve e xp er ts c on ti nu e t o s up po rt t he p os si bl e s ce na ri o o f e xp lo si ve s i n t he t ow er s, w hi le t ha t s ce na ri oi nv es ti ga ti on s? W hy d o t he o ff ic ia l r ep or ts b y N IS T, F EM A a nd t he 9 /1 1 C om mi ss io n i gn or e t he p os si bl e s ig ni fi ca nc e o f t he w el l-observed in the basement areas of the Twin Towers and WTC 7? NIST speculated the metal may have been aluminum from the aislag to verify this. Why? Why do the official reports by NIST and the 9/11 C ommission laud the information provided by firs t resh is to ri es f ro m t he se s am e f ir st r es po nd er s m en ti on in g t he s ou nd s o f e xp lo si on s? T he F EM A B PA f ou nd e vi de nc e o f s ul fu r, w hi ccorrosion and subs equent eros ion” of some WTC steel. Why did the FEMA B PA cons ign evidence of this r eaction to a r eport appW he n d id t he e ut ec ti c r ea ct io n o cc ur ? W hy d id N IS T n ot f ol lo w t hr ou gh w it h t he F EM A r eq ue st f or f ur th er s tu dy ? W hy h as N ISco ll ap se: “E ne rg y o f t he d own wa rd mo ve me nt o f t he b ui ldi ng m ass ab ove t he d am ag ed c ol um ns e xc ee ded t he st ra in e ner gy t ha tm om en tu m t ra ns fe r, o r e la st ic it y a na ly si s t o p ro ve t ha t a ss um pt io n? W as t hi s b ec au se t he re w as n o “ up pe r b lo ck ” i n e it he r t he Nd is in te gr at ed p ri or t o, o r d ur in g, t he c ol la ps e o f t he l ow er b lo ck s. T ha t t he T ow er s c ol la ps ed d ue t o p ro gr es si ve c ol la ps e a s d es cr i

North Tower are recorded on video to have dis integrated prior to the collaps e of the remaining floors . The top 34 floors of the Som at er ia l b ea ri ng d ow n o n t he u nt op pl ed f lo or s, s o w hy d id t he l ow er f lo or s c ol la ps e? T he t op pl in g 3 4 f lo or s a re i n v ir tu al f re e f al l;t he se f lo or s d is in te gr at e i nt o d us t? W hy , a s m em be rs o f t he e ng in ee ri ng c om mu ni ty s ta te , h as N IS T “ ch an ge d i ts s to ry ” i n e xp la ie ng in ee ri ng c om mu ni ty t o s im ul at e t he c ol la ps es ? w ww .s er en di pi ty .l i/ WT C. ht ml n ot es t ha t s te el w hi ch i s s ub je ct ed t o e xp lo si on e"twinning". Why has this tes t not been performed on repres entative WTC s teel and reported upon? Why have many of the s ame

building bombing, as well as the FEMA and NIST WTC collaps e s tudies ? Why have many of the s ame people been res pons ible fo




the engineers who s igned off on the NIST report als o s ign off on the Silvers tein report, even though thos e two s tudies reached coR em em be r t ha t i n 2 00 6 t he B us h a dm in is tr at io n d ou bl ed t he b ud ge t o f t he N at io na l S ci en ce F ou nd at io n t o $ 6. 02 b il li on . W as t hem uc h u nc er ta in ty a bo ut t he m ec ha ni sm o f t he c ol la ps e, b ut y et s uc h c er ta in ty o f t he u nd er ly in g “ ca us e” o f t he c ol la ps e, i .e ., a ir cr ahow the towers “collaps ed”, but thems elves have admitted that they do not know how global collaps e ens ued. Why has this beenm ay c on ta in c op yr ig ht ed m at er ia l t he u se o f w hi ch h as n ot a lw ay s b ee n s pe ci fi ca ll y a ut ho ri ze d b y t he c op yr ig ht o wn er . T hi s m at ei mp or ta nt h ea lt h, e nv ir on me nt al , p ol it ic al , h um an r ig ht s, e co no mi c, d em oc ra ti c, s ci en ti fi c, a nd s oc ia l j us ti ce i ss ue s. 9 11 V is ib il it ycopyr ight ed mat er ial as pr ovided for i n sectio n 107 of the U. S. C op yri ght Law. In accor dance wi th T it le 17 U.S. C. Sect ion 107, the

payment of any kind to thos e who have expres s ed a prior interes t in receiving the included information for res earch and education

1 3. T h e M i ss i ng J o lt : A S i mp l e R e fu t at i on o f t h e N I ST - Ba za nt C o ll ap se H yp o th e si s

B y P ro f. G ra em e M ac Qu ee n a nd T on y S za mb ot iT he M i ss in g J ol t: A S im p le R ef u ta ti o n o f t he N IS T -B a za nt C o ll ap se H yp ot h es is G ra em e M a cQ ue en T o ny S za mb ot i A pr i l 2 2, 2 00 9C en te r T ow er s, t he N at io na l I ns ti tu te o f S ta nd ar ds a nd T ec hn ol og y s um ma ri ze s i ts t hr ee y ea r s tu dy a nd o ut li ne s i ts e xp la na ti on ot he r ep or t w il l f in d t ha t t he r ou gh ly $ 20 m il li on e xp en de d o n t hi s e ff or t h av e r es ul te d i n a n e xp la na ti on o f t he t ot al c ol la ps e o f t heh yp ot he si s. B ut i t d oe s h av e o ne c ru ci al f ea tu re o f a h yp ot he si s: i t i s, i n p ri nc ip le , f al si fi ab le . I n f ac t, i t i s e as y t o d em on st ra te t ha t

North Tower, offer a refutation that is : • eas y to unders tand but reas onably precis e • capable of being s tated briefly • verifiable bys im pl e m at he ma ti cs . N IS T’ s H yp ot he si s o f T ot al C ol la ps e: T hr ee e ss en ti al e le me nt s o f N IS T’ s h yp ot he si s o f t ot al c ol la ps e a re m ao f t he s tu dy : 1 . B ec au se o f d am ag e t o s to ri es 9 3 t o 9 8, a nd e sp ec ia ll y b ec au se o f c ol um n b uc kl in g d ue t o f ir e, t he t op 1 2 s to ri es o f tseparated from the rest of the Tower and began to behave as a unit. 2] 2. This “rigid block” of 12 stories plus the roof began to m

beneath it. 3] 3. The fall of the rigid block caus ed s uch damage to the lower s tructure that “global collaps e began.” 4] The rigidityI f t he up per bl ock w er e t o b re ak, d isi nteg rat e o r f low on i mp act i t w oul d ce rt ai nl y no t t hr eat en t he 9 2 in ta ct f lo or s ben eat h i t. I n ad

building. Although this s eems obvious , the NIST authors are often s hy about s aying it. We hear about the rigid block’s “des cent.”

W e h av e t o l oo k c ar ef ul ly t o f in d t he N IS T a ut ho rs u si ng t he l an gu ag e o f f al li ng . W ha te ve r t he r ea so ns f or t he ir r et ic en ce , i t i s c let he b ui ld in g b en ea th it , wi th a g radu al cr eak in g o f bu ck led c ol umn s an d sag gin g f lo or s. I f t hi s wer e t o h ap pen , wh y w ou ld t he st r2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 T he re w as n ot hi ng s pe ci al a bo ut t he w ei gh t o f t he u pp er b lo ck , r ig id o r o th er wi se . T he l ow er p ar t o f t he T ow er h al ow er b lo ck h ad 2 83 c ol d s te el c ol um ns , w it h l es s t ha n 3 0% o f t he ir t ot al l oa d c ap ac it y b ei ng u ti li ze d f or g ra vi ty l oa ds , b ec au se on ee d t o w it hs ta nd h ig h w in ds —a nd g ra vi ty l oa ds w er e e ss en ti al ly t he o nl y l oa ds t he c ol um ns w ou ld h av e b ee n s ub je ct t o o n a d aweak, nor ( exclu din g sto ri es 93- 98) was it damag ed by pl ane i mpact or f ir e. T he weigh t o f the upper b lock posed no thr eat to it . I f tmo men tu m of th e upp er bl ock . B ut mo men tu m is a pr oduc t of mass an d vel ocit y, and si nce th e u pp er b lo ck co ul d no t i ncr ea se i tsv el oc it y. S in ce N IS T’ s t he or y a ss um es t he o nl y e ne rg y a t p la y a t t hi s s ta ge o f e ve nt s w as g ra vi ta ti on al , t he u pp er b lo ck h ad t o f al lThe longer and the less impeded its fall, the greater would be its impact on the lower structure. So it is no surprise that the NIST ae ve nt ua ll y c om e o ut i n f av ou r o f t he f al li ng o f t he u pp er b lo ck . 7 ] Z de ne k B az an t a nd Y on g Z ho u, w it h w ho se S ep te mb er 1 3, 2 00a nd a dd it io ns ) N IS T l ar ge ly a gr ee s, h av e n ev er h es it at ed t o s ay t ha t t he u pp er b lo ck f el l. 8 ] B az an t h as l ik ew is e b ee n f ra nk a bo utst ruc tu res m et : h e be lie ve s t he i mp act ma y h av e bee n p ow er ful en ou gh t o ha ve b ee n r eco rde d b y sei sm omet er s. 9 ] I n h is vi ew , co

powerful jolt.” 10] Of cours e, if there was a powerful jolt to the lower s tructure there mus t als o have been a powerful jolt to the upI n o rder to k eep a sens e o f r eal ity as we di scu ss NI ST ’s t heo ry it m ay be u sef ul t o l abel th e t hre e i nt er act ing p ar ts of th e N or th T oR B- 92 . W he re R B s ta nd s f or r ig id b lo ck , D S s ta nd s f or d am ag ed s tr uc tu re , a nd t he n um be rs f ol lo wi ng t he l et te rs r ef er t o t he n um bt he 1 2 s to ri es o f 9 9- 11 0 a s w el l a s t he r oo f s tr uc tu re w it h a nt en na a nd h at t ru ss ; t he i nt er me di at e a re a w as d am ag ed b y p la ne i mp at he l ower b lo ck wa s r ig id an d c om pr ise d, i n ad dit io n t o su bt er ran ean le ve ls, t he f ir st 9 2 st or ies o f t he bu il di ng. T he se de si gn at io nsR B- 92 , b ec au se t he l at te r w as n ot o nl y l ar ge ly u nd am ag ed b y f ir e b ut w as m or e m as si ve p er s to ry . I t w as a ls o s tr on ge r: t he T ow erR B- 12 +, w e a re s up po se d t o b el ie ve , p ut a c at as tr op hi c e nd t o D S- 6 a nd R B- 92 . W ha t N IS T e ss en ti al ly s ay s, a gr ee in g w it h B az an t,

powerful jolt onto the heavier and s tronger part, which could not withs tand its momentum, and that this caus ed a progres s ive collw ay t o t he g ro un d. T he N IS T F in al R ep or t d oe s n ot t el l u s w ha t h ap pe ne d t o R B- 12 + a ft er i ts i mp ac t w it h t he t wo s tr uc tu re s b en e( th at i s, t o t he r ub bl e h ea p o n t he g ro un d) , m ai nt ai ni ng c on si de ra bl e m as s a nd r ig id it y t he w ho le t im e- -a s B az an t a rg ue d i n 2 00 1 aJanuary 2009/Volume 24 On t his the NIS T author s ar e si lent. NI ST also does not t ell us how far RB -12+ fell bef ore it s impact withs ev er al s to ri es ? W e a re l ef t i n t he d ar k. O nc e a ga in B az an t c om es t o t he r es cu e. I t f el l “ at l ea st o ne s to ry ,” h e s ay s. 1 3] T o h is c re dhypothesis . If this hypothesis is to hold any water at all there must be subs tantial impact: R B -12+ has a lot of work to do, so it had

purpos es of the pres ent refutation it does not matter whether R B -12+ fell one s tory, s ix s tories , or s omewhere in between. The Nea nd s tr uc k t he s to ri es b en ea th i t, t he re h ad t o b e a p ow er fu l j ol t. W hi le a j ol t e nt ai ls a cc el er at io n o f t he i mp ac te d o bj ec t i t r eq ui re shit ti ng a nai l decel erat es, an d i f the hamm er is st ri ki ng a str ong , r ig id bod y f ix ed t o t he ear th i ts d eceler ati on wil l be abr up t an d d raB az an t, o f a “ jo lt ”, a nd m ay t he re fo re b e t ho ug ht t o e va de t hi s p ap er ’s r ef ut at io n, i t i s i mp os si bl e f or N IS T t o e sc ap e t he i mp li ca tist ron g, r igi d st ruc tur e ( th e up per st ruc tur e o r r ig id b loc k) f al li ng f ree ly on to an ot he r st ro ng , r ig id st ru ct ur e ( the i nt act pa rt o f t he bavoided. 14] This was a necessary jolt. Without it the required work could not have been done. Testing for Deceleration: If a joltd ec el er at io n o f t he u pp er b lo ck . W hy n ot s im pl y c he ck f or t hi s d ec el er at io n? I t i s n ot d if fi cu lt . W e w il l: • e xa mi ne a v id eo c li p o f to f t he No rt h T ow er , t he pr og re ss o f w hi ch c an b e o bs er ve d a nd m ea su re d i n t he ea rl y s ta ge s o f t he co ll ap se • p lo t t he pr og re ss o fW e h av e c ho se n a w el l k no wn v id eo c li p o f t he c ol la ps e a ss oc ia te d w it h F re nc h f il m m ak er , E ti en ne S au re t. 1 5] T he S au re t c li p hs eq ue nc e w it h n o c ha ng es i n c am er a a ng le a nd n o z oo mi ng i n a nd o ut . T he re i s a v er y s li gh t s hi ft i n t he c am er a p os it io n r el at iv e tsev er al s eco nds p ri or t o t he co lla ps e, bu t t hi s is i rr ele va nt t o u s si nce al l ou r me asu rem ent s ar e t ake n af te r t he sh if t. T he ca me ra ism ea su re me nt s, a s w e c an c on fi rm b y m ea su ri ng t he p os it io n o f t he p ic tu re f ra me r el at iv e t o s ta ti on ar y o bj ec ts . I n a dd it io n, t he i ma

c le ar i n t he se i ma ge s. J ou rn al o f 9 11 S tu di es 4 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 H er e i s h ow w e p ro ce ed : 1 6] 1 . W e s av e t he S au re t f oo ta gec li p i nt o 3 49 7 e qu al s eg me nt s o r “ fr am es .” E ac h f ra me i s a pp ro xi ma te ly 0 .0 33 s ec on ds i n l en gt h ( 33 t ho us an dt hs o f a s ec on d) . 3 . block of the North Tower whos e progres s we can meas ure. Two points are neces s ary s ince neither one is cons is tently vis ible butsha ll u se i n ou r co mp ut at io ns i s at th e t ip of a wh it e dev ice o n t he r oof . ( The d ist an ce b et wee n t hi s p oi nt an d t he up pe r f ram e i s calo ca te d at th e i nt er fac e of th e up per w hi te sect io n of t he r oo f and th e l owe r d ar k se ct ion . ( The d ista nc e bet we en t his p oi nt an d t he




d if fe re nc e b et we en D is ta nc e B a nd D is ta nc e A i s a pp ro xi ma te ly 2 8 p ix el s. W he re t he w hi te d ev ic e o n t he u pp er r ig ht -h an d c or ne rr oo f i nt er fa ce h av e b ee n t ak en a nd t he p os it io n o f t he d ev ic e h as b ee n o bt ai ne d b y s ub tr ac ti ng 2 8. 4 . W e c ho os e a s et o f f ra me s t h

beginning of the roof’s fall, to the las t frame in which our point can be recognized before it dis appears into the dus t cloud, Frame 1w hi te d ev ic e f ro m t he f ix ed u pp er e dg e o f t he v id eo f ra me , c om pu ti ng t he p os it io n o f t he d ev ic e w he n n ec es sa ry b y m ea su ri ng t hat ea ch f ive f rame s i n t he p ro gr ess o f t he T ower ’s col laps e, en di ng u p wi th 20 p oi nt s. 6 . Ou r m easu reme nt str et ch es f rom 3 0. 93 sea t ot al i nt er va l o f 3 .1 7 s ec on ds . 7 . W e f in d t ha t d ur in g t hi s i nt er va l t he w hi te d ev ic e o n t he r oo f h as f al le n a d is ta nc e r ep re se nt ed bdis tances at iss ue; we f ind a known vertical distance on the north face of the North Tower. (T he Tower’ s proportions have been df or ma t. S ee A pp en di x A f or a d es cr ip ti on o f o ur m et ho d o f d et er mi ni ng t he k no wn v er ti ca l d is ta nc e a nd t he r at io o f p ix el s t o f ee t. )S au re t v id eo 1 p ix el = 0 .8 8 f ee t. W e n ow k no w t ha t t he p oi nt o n t he r oo f h as f al le n a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 14 .4 f ee t. T he f ig ur e i s n ot p re

r oo f and de vi ce ar e h ig her th an t he c am er a an d t he up pe r b loc k, as i t m ove s do wn war d, t il ts awa y f ro m us )- -bu t t he f igu res ar e c lc ha ng es i n a cc el er at io n o ve r t im e, n ot e xa ct v el oc it y v al ue s. F ig ur e 1 : S au re t V id eo : R ep re se nt at iv e F ra me w it h K ey P oi nt s f or M ethat d = ½ × g × t2 where d stands for dis tance, g s tands for acceleration due to gravity, which is 32.174 ft./s2 at sea level, and t stfalling object would travel 161.6 feet in the time it took the roof to drop 114.4 feet. 10. We create two graphs. In the first the roof’sg iv en i n f ee t. J ou r na l o f 9 11 S tu di es 5 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 F ig ur e 2 : T he R oo f F al l : P ix el s R o of F al l i n P ix el s0 20 40 60 80 10 01 20 14s ta rt D is ta nc e o f d ev ic e ( pi xe ls ) D is ta nc e o f i nt er -f ac e ( pi xe ls ) D is ta nc e o f d ev ic e ( pi xe ls ) a dj us te d t o 0 D is ta nc e o f d ev ic e ( fe et ) a djs ta rt T im e ( se co nd s) a dj ust ed t o 0 9 29 1 09 0 0 .0 0 3 0. 93 0 .0 00 0 9 34 1 10 1 0 .8 8 3 1. 10 0 .1 67 9 39 1 11 2 1 .7 6 3 1. 27 0 .3 34 9 44 1 13 4 3 .5 2 3 1. 40. 834 9 59 1 22 13 1 1.4 4 3 1. 93 1 .0 00 96 4 1 2 6 1 7 14 .96 32 .1 0 1 . 16 7 9 69 13 2 2 3 2 0. 24 32 .27 1. 334 9 74 1 38 2 9 2 5 .5 2 3 2. 43 1 .5 00 97 9 1 46 37 3218 9 5 2 4 5. 76 3 2. 93 2. 000 99 4 ( 1 70 ) 19 8 6 1 5 3. 68 33 .10 2. 167 99 9 ( 1 80 ) 20 8 7 1 6 2. 48 33 .27 2. 334 1 004 ( 19 0) 2 18 81 7 1.2 8 3 3. 43 2 .5 00 1 00 93 3. 76 2 .8 34 1 01 9 ( 22 6) 2 54 1 17 1 02 .9 6 3 3. 93 3 .0 00 1 02 4 ( 23 9) 2 67 1 30 1 14 .4 0 3 4. 10 3 .1 67 J ou rn al o f 9 11 S tu di es 6 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo luD is ta nc e0 20 40 60 80 10 01 20 14 00 0. 51 1. 52 2. 53 3. 5T im e ( se c) Di st an ce ( fe et ) D at a: T im e ( se c. ) R oo f F al l D is ta nc e ( ft .) 0 .0 00 0 .0 0 0 .1 67 0 .8 81 .1 67 1 4. 96 1 .3 34 2 0. 24 1 .5 00 2 5. 52 1 .6 67 3 2. 56 1 .8 34 3 8. 72 2 .0 00 4 5. 76 2 .1 67 5 3. 68 2 .3 34 6 2. 48 2 .5 00 7 1. 28 2 .6 67 8 0. 96 2 .8 34 9 1. 52 3 .02 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 J ou rn al o f 9 11 S tu di es 8 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 K no wi ng t he d is ta nc e t he r oo f f el l, i n e qu al t im e i nt er va ls , f ro mvel ocity, at each measured poi nt thr ough its fall , using symmet ric dif ferencing. The equat ion is Vn = (Dn+1 - Dn- 1) / (T n+1 – Tn-1)q ue st io n D at a: T im e ( se c) R oo f F al l D is ta nc e ( ft .) V el oc it y ( ft ./ se c) 0 .0 00 0 0 .0 0 0 .0 0 0 .1 66 7 0 .8 8 5 .2 8 0 .3 33 4 1 .7 6 7 .9 2 0 .5 00 0 3 .5 2 1 0. 561.1667 14.96 26.39 1.3334 20.24 31.68 1.5000 25.52 36.96 1.6667 32.56 39.59 1.8334 38.72 39.60 2.0000 45.76 44.88 2.1667 53.68 50.15 2.39 1. 52 6 6. 01 3 .0 00 0 1 02 .9 6 6 8. 65 I t m ay b e n ot ic ed t ha t t he l as t p oi nt m ea su re d a t 3 .1 67 s ec on ds i s l ef t o ff o f t he d at a t ab le a bo ve ae a c h po i n t t he v e l o ci t y i s f ou n d f o r ne e d s t o h a v e a po i n t a he a d o f i t as w e l l as b e h in d i t , s o th i s m e th o d c an n o t c al c u l at e t h e ve l om ea su re me nt s w er e t ak en e ve ry f iv e f ra me s w it h a 3 0 f ra me p er se co nd v id eo , t he a ct ua l t im e c an b e r eso lv ed f ai rl y p re ci se ly . T he

between meas urements , in the velocity calculation above, is done for accuracy. B elow is a graph of the actual velocity of the roofw h ic h t h e d i st a nc e w a s m e as u re d . F i gu r e 4 : T h e R o of V e lo ci t y y = 2 2 .8 1 xR 2 = 0 . 99 6 10 1 02 0 30 4 05 0 60 7 08 0 00 . 51 1 .5 2 2. 5 33 . 5T i me ( sf it ) T he v el oc it y o f t he r oo f i nc re as es i n a r el at iv el y l in ea r w ay a nd i s 6 8. 65 f t. /s a ft er 3 .0 0 s ec on ds , w hi ch i s a bo ut 7 1% o f t he f re e fm ea su re d d is ta nc es a nd c al cu la te d v el oc it ie s, t he i ni ti al f al l t hr ou gh o ne s to ry w ou ld h av e t ak en p la ce i n a pp ro xi ma te ly 1 .0 s ec on d.

NIST claim, the powerful jolt, required by B azant to generate an impuls ive load and explain the collaps es of the Twin Towers , woo th er wi se p os it iv el y s lo pe d a nd v ir tu al ly l in ea r v el oc it y g ra ph . F or r ea de rs u nf am il ia r w it h t he c on ce pt o f a n i mp ul si ve l oa d, t he i

e ss en t ia l ly s ho w s t h at t h e c ha n ge i n m om e nt u m w it h r es p ec t t o t i me p r ov i de s t he f o rc e i n vo l ve d i n a c ol l is io n . m at v mt v mv m Fo r cec ha ng es w it h r es pe ct t o t he d ur at io n o f t he i mp ul se , a s t he m as s o f a n o bj ec t i s c on st an t a t a ll t im es e ve ry wh er e i n t he u ni ve rs e.ei the r a n ac ce le rat ion or d ece ler at io n, de pe nd ing on whe the r i t i s po si tiv e o r n eg at iv e. T hi s ac cel era ti on o r de cel er at ion is t hen mut he f or ce i nv ol ve d i n t he c ol li si on , s o t he i mp ul se e qu at io n u lt im at el y r ed uc es t o t he w el l k no wn r el at io n F = m a. Jo ur na l o f 9 11 S tuJanu ary 2 009 /V ol ume 24 I t i s u sefu l t o r ef er t o accel er at io ns and dec eler at ions in t er ms of t he accel er at io n due t o g ravi ty , whi ch ism ea su re d a s t he f or ce d ue t o t he m as s o f t he i te m m ul ti pl ie d b y t he a cc el er at io n o f e ar th ’s g ra vi ta ti on al p ul l o r 1 g. A n a cc el er at io nd ec el er at io n o f a n i mp ac ti ng o bj ec t d ur in g a c ol li si on i s g re at er t ha n t hi s t he n t he w ei gh t o r f or ce a pp li ed b y t he i mp ac ti ng o bj ec t im er el y n ee ds t o d iv id e t he a ct ua l d ec el er at io n b y 3 2. 17 4 f t. /s 2. B az an t c la im s t ha t a m in im um f or ce a mp li fi ca ti on o f 3 1g , o r 3 1 t imoccurred in a collision between the upper and lower blocks of the Twin Towers after a fall of one story. 17] With the 98th story coslab s o f ap pr ox im ate ly 11 .4 4 fe et, an d th e a ctu al me asur ed ve lo cit y of 2 2. 81 f t. /s of th e u pp er bl oc k a t th is po in t, t he f ir st co ll isio nf al l. R ega rdl es s of t he a ct ual a mp li fic at ion , a ny i mp ul se a t t he i mp ac t z on e be twee n t he 98 th an d 9 9t h st or y f lo or sl abs ca pa bl e o ft he c ol um ns o n a t l ea st t he f ir st s to ri es o n e it he r s id e o f t he i mp ac t t o d ef or m e la st ic al ly , a nd p la st ic al ly , a nd t he n t o b uc kl e. T he d

st or ie s, o n b oth t he l owe r a nd up per b lo ck s, wo ul d cau se a ki net ic en er gy d rai n, w hi ch wo uld r ed uc e t he ve lo cit y of t he r ig id ly at tw e h av e c al cu la te d w ha t e ff ec t t he se e ne rg y d ra in s w ou ld h av e o n t he v el oc it y o f t he u pp er b lo ck . S in ce t he u pp er b lo ck w ou ld p ia ls o b e a c on se rv at io n o f m om en tu m c om po ne nt t o t he v el oc it y r ed uc ti on . F ro m A pp en di ce s D a nd E w e f in d t he r ed uc ed v el oc itt he t hr ee e ne rg y d ra in s a nd c on se rv at io n o f m om en tu m, a nd i t i s V re du ce d = 2 2. 81 f t. /s – ( 15 .6 3 f t. /s + 1 .7 5 f t. /s ) = 2 2. 81 f t. /s – 1 7. 3u pp er b lo ck i t w ou ld h av e d is pl ay ed t hi s m om en ta ry a br up t c ha ng e i n i ts v el oc it y, f ro m 2 2. 81 f t. /s t o 5 .4 3 f t. /s , i f t he c ol la ps e w ere ne rg y l os se s a nd c on se rv at io n o f m om en tu m w e h av e c al cu la te d a nd u se d h er e, t o d et er mi ne t he v el oc it y l os s, a re a m in im um .

building, heat, and s ound, during the initiating impuls e, all of which would have required energy from the impuls e to produce andin ten t h er e i s on ly t o sh ow t hat , ev en w ith a qu an ti fi ab le mi nim um en er gy lo ss an d c on ser vat ion o f mo me nt um , t he ve lo ci ty l osso bs er ve d i f a n i mp ul se c ap ab le o f c au si ng c ol la ps e h ad i nd ee d o cc ur re d. T he g ra ph b el ow s ho ws w ha t t he u pp er b lo ck v el oc it y c hs to ry i nt o t he f al l, w it h i ts v el oc it y a t l ea st m om en ta ri ly r ed uc ed i n a s ig ni fi ca nt w ay a ft er i mp ac t. F ig ur e 5 : R oo f V el oc it y C ur ve w i1 1 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 T he f ac t t ha t a 3 1g i mp ul se r eq ui re s a d ec el er at io n o f 9 97 .4 f t. /s 2 i s u na ss ai la bl e, a nd i t d oe s n ot m at tev el oc it y r ed uc ti on o f 1 7. 38 f t. /s a nd a 9 97 .4 f t. /s 2 d ec el er at io n, t he d ur at io n o f t hi s i mp ul se w ou ld h av e b ee n 1 7 m il li se co nd s. T hi sneces s arily s how its elf as an abrupt negative s lope change in the velocity curve. We have s hown the curve s tarting upward agaii mp ac ti ng o bj ec t ( th e u pp er b lo ck ) i s n ow f re e t o a cc el er at e. W e h av e a ls o o nl y c ha rt ed w ha t t he e ff ec t o n t he v el oc it y w ou ld h avf loo rs t o c ol li de. T he m easu rem en ts o f t he r oo f’ s act ual f all d o n ot sh ow an y a br up t n eg ati ve c ha ng e i n v el oci ty , s o i t ap pe ar s t hatseem s t hat Dr . B azant was si mp ly t he or izi ng t hat th er e had to b e one t o ma ke sen se of th e c ol lapse i n a nat ur al way . I t i s a lso i mpot en i n h is c al cu la ti on o f t he st if fn es s o f t he c ol um ns , w it h h is 7 1 G N/ m e st im at e. 8 ] T he a ct ua l s ti ff ne ss , c al cu la te d h er e u si ng t he a(see Append ices B and C) 1 9] 20 ] Thi s er ro r caused Dr. B azant to sig nif icantl y o ver estim ate the pot ent ial ampl if yi ng eff ect of t he i




f all of th e up per bl oc k. I n an e ff or t to re fu te t he a rg um en t pu t f or th i n th is p ape r, som e m ay cl ai m t hat pl ast ic d ef or mat io n of th e low av e b el ow t he u pp er b lo ck a nd k ep t t he r oo f f ro m e xp er ie nc in g a d is ce rn ab le i mp ul se . I f t ha t w er e t ru e t he n t he i mp ul se d ur at io nener gy over a l onge r per iod of ti me an d el imin ati ng any sig nif icant amp li fi cati on of t he upp er bl ock’ s wei ght . B ut wi tho ut th e am pl ow er b lo ck h av e c ol la ps ed ? T he re a re t ho se w ho m ig ht a rg ue t ha t t he t il t o f t he u pp er b lo ck t o t he s ou th c ou ld h av e k ep t a n A ct us lo pe a nd v el oc it y l os s P re -i mp ac t v el oc it y r ec ov er y 7 00 m se c i mp ul se f ro m b ei ng d is ce rn ab le —t ha t t he re m ay h av e b ee n i mp ul sc e n t ra l c o r e , t ha t w e r e n o t vi s i b l e o n th e n o r t h f a ce . I m p u l se s a t t h e se l o c a t io n s c o u ld n o t h a v e c au s e d t h e co l l a p se o f t h e n o r t h fv er ti ca l m an ne r. T he c or ne r c ol um ns o f t he e as t a nd w es t f ac es , i n c on ju nc ti on w it h t he c ol um ns o f t he n or th f ac e, f or me d a s tr uc tt wo o rt ho go na l d ir ec ti on s) a nd , b ar ri ng p la nn ed d em ol it io n, w ou ld h av e c ol la ps ed a s o bs er ve d o nl y i f t he y w er e s tr uc k i mp ul si ve lu pp er b lo ck c ou ld n ot h av e t ol er at ed t he p ot en ti al 3 1g i mp ul se t he or iz ed b y D r. B az an t. T o g et t hi s o ve rl oa d h e c la im s w as p os si b

participate, and if it did s o it would have come apart completely. Perhaps the impuls e was of a lower value but s till high enough tg lo ba l c ol la ps e? C on si de r a v el oc it y g ra ph w it h a 6 g d ec el er at io n, v er y l ik el y t he m in im um l oa d a mp li fi ca ti on n ec es sa ry t o o ve rc oh ad a m in im um f ac to r o f s af et y o f 5 .0 0 t o 1 . F ig ur e 6 : R oo f V el oc it y C ur ve w it h a h yp ot he ti ca l 6 g d ec el er at io n 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0a br up t n eg at iv e s lo pe a nd v el oc it y l os s P re -i mp ac t v el oc it y r ec ov er y 8 00 m se c A ct ua l m ea su re d v el oc it y A 6 g i mp ul se r eq ui re s a17 .38 f t. /s a nd a 19 3 f t./ s2 dec el er ati on, th e d ur at io n of t hi s i mp uls e wou ld h av e bee n 9 0 mi ll iseco nds. As t he g rap h sh ow s, t her ec ha ng e, w hi ch i s n ot s ee n i n t he v el oc it y c ur ve d et er mi ne d f ro m t he m ea su re d d at a. T he m ea su re me nt s w er e t ak en e ve ry f iv e f ra mimpact velocity is s hown to occur in the dashed graphs in the approximate times of 700 milliseconds for the 31g case and 800 mill

points taken well within this recovery window, s o it is apparent that a negative change in the velocity of the roof would have bee9 11 S tu di es 1 2 Ja nu ar y 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 Jo ur na l o f 9 11 S tu di es 1 3 Ja nu ar y 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 F in di ng s: As t he f ig ur es a nd g ra ph s aba h ig h d ec el er at io n, w hi ch w ou ld h av e s ho wn i ts el f v er y p ro mi ne nt ly i n t he v el oc it y c ur ve d er iv ed f ro m t he m ea su re d d at a. T he fa ct ua l v el oc it y c ur ve r ev ea ls t ha t n o m aj or i nt er ru pt io n o r s ig ni fi ca nt a br up t d ec el er at io n, a nd t he re fo re n o a mp li fi ed l oa d, c ou ld ht hi s b e? I f R B- 12 + f el l wi th a j ol t o n t he r es t o f t he b ui ld in g a ft er a 1 2 f oo t d ro p ( on e s to ry ), t he d ece le ra ti on , a s s ho wn a bo ve, w ou lt ha n o ne s to ry , t he d ec el er at io n w ou ld h av e b ee n e ve n m or e d ra ma ti c. I f R B- 12 + f el l 7 2 f ee t— al l t he w ay t hr ou gh t he s ix d am ag edt he m ea su re d 1 14 .4 f oo t f al l o f t he r oo f. I t w ou ld b e d ra ma ti c p re ci se ly b ec au se t he v el oc it y a nd t he re fo re t he m om en tu m w ou ld be vi de nc e o f m aj or i mp ac t a nd d ec el er at io n e it he r e ar ly o r l at e. I n t he m ai n, t he se f in di ng s c on fi rm t he e ar li er r es ear ch o f D r. F ran km ea su re me nt t ec hn iq ue , c ar ri ed o ut d et ai le d m ea su re me nt s o f t he f al l o f t he r oo f o f t he N or th T ow er a nd c al cu la te d i ts a cc el er at ioh e d is co ve re d s im il ar ly s mo ot h c ur ve s. T he re i s n o m or e t ra ce o f d ec el er at io n i n h is g ra ph s t ha n i n o ur s. W ha t h ap pe ne d t o R B- 12v id eo a nd o th er v id eo r ec or di ng s o f t he e ve nt , t ha t a s ub st an ti al p or ti on o f t he b ot to m o f R B -1 2+ , a lo ng w it h D S- 6, w as v io le nt lyt im e t he t op p or ti on o f R B- 12 +, c on ta in in g t he r oo ft op , w as f al li ng . S in ce t he c lo ud s o f m at te r i n t he v id eo s o bs cu re m an y d et ai lsm ak e t he c as e t ha t t he f al l o f t he u pp er p or ti on o f t he r ig id b lo ck w as a cc om pa ni ed b y a f al l o f i ts l ow er p or ti on . B ut w e d o n ot s eedest ru cti on in t he v ici ni ty of t he lo wer po rt io n an d f al l of t he uppe r por tion . To r epeat : if R B- 12 + ha d f al len as a r igi d bl ock, t her ea br up t i nt er fe re nc e w it h t he f al l o f i ts u pp er p ar t, i nc lu di ng t he r oo f. N o s uc h i nt er ru pt io n h as o cc ur re d, a nd t he re fo re n o s uc h i mt h at o cc u rr e d- - pr e su m ab l y t h ro u gh p l an t ed e x pl o si v es o r o t he r m e an s o f d em o li t io n -- e ff e ct i ve l y d e st r oy e d t h e s t ru c tu r al i n te g ri t y

permitting the upper block to fall at s peed while meeting minimal res is tance and experiencing neither major impact nor abrupt deceo f t he N or th T ow er t hr ou gh 1 14 .4 f ee t, ( ap pr ox im at el y 9 s to ri es ) a nd w e h av e f ou nd t ha t i t d id n ot s uf fe r s ev er e a nd s ud de n i mp a

cou ld n ot h ave b een an y amp li fie d lo ad. I n t he ab senc e o f an am pl ifi ed l oa d t her e i s no me chan ism to ex pl ai n th e col la pse of th e l ofi re. Th e c oll apse hy pot hesi s o f B azan t and th e au th or s o f th e NI ST r epor t h as no t wit hst oo d scr uti ny. Jo ur nal o f 911 S tu di es 14 Jam em be rs o f t he d is cu ss io n f or um o f S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th & J us ti ce , e sp ec ia ll y t o A lf on s, w ho i ni ti at ed t he d is cu ss io n a nd p ro vto Z or an B ilan ovi c f or a cr it ical r ead ing of t he pape r and to P aul B ouv et fo r ear ly sof twar e advi ce. C ru cial so ft war e assist ance wasa nd e xp er ti se . W e a re e no rm ou sl y g ra te fu l t o C iv il E ng in ee ri ng P ro fe ss or R ob er t K or ol f or h el p w it h t he c al cu la ti on s i n t he a pp enare t he so le resp onsi bi li ty of t he aut hor s. 1. NI ST NC ST AR 1. F eder al B ui ld in g an d F ire Saf et y I nv esti gat io n o f th e W or ld T radeT r ad e C e nt e r T o we r s. N at i on al I n st i tu te o f S ta nd a rd s a n d T e ch no l og y, U .S . D ep ar t me nt o f C o mm er c e, S ep t em b er 2 00 5. h t tp : // wt c .is so me am bi gu it y i n t he NI ST st ud y o n wh ich st or ie s ar e i nc lu de d i n t he u pp er r igi d b lock , b ut t he a na ly si s gi ven i n t hi s p ap er ap

NC STAR 1, p. 150-151. 3. NIST NC STAR 1, p. 151. 4. NIST NC STAR 1, p. 151. 5. NIST NC STAR 1, p. xxxviii. 6. NIST NC STAR 1,s ec ti on ”) ; 1 46 ( “t he f al li ng b ui ld in g m as s, ” “ th e f al li ng m as s” ). S ee a ls o t he c om pa ni on v ol um e: N IS T N CS TA R 1 -6 . F ed er al B ui ldC en te r D is as te r. S tr uc tu ra l F ir e R es po ns e a nd P ro ba bl e C ol la ps e S eq ue nc e o f t he W or ld T ra de C en te r T ow er s. N at io na l I ns ti tu teC om me rc e, S ep te mb er 2 00 5, p . l iv ( “t he b ui ld in g s ec ti on b eg an t o f al l d ow nw ar d” ) a nd p . 1 56 ( “t he b ui ld in g s ec ti on b eg an t o f al l v

6 in de x. ht m 8 . B az an t, Z de ne k a nd Y on g Z ho u, “ Wh y D id t he W or ld T ra de C en te r C ol la ps e? —S im pl e A na ly si s” . J ou rn al o f E ng in ea ls o t he A dd en du m t o t h is a rt i cl e i n t he s am e j o ur n al , v o l. 1 2 8, n o. 3 ( M ar ch 2 00 2) , p . 3 69 - 37 0. h tt p: / /w ww .c i vi l. n or t hw es te rn . ed u /i n t he a rt ic le t o B az an t, w e i nc lu de h is c o- au th or s. F or N IS T’ s r ef er en ce t o t he B az an t p ap er , s ee N IS T N CS TA R 1 -6 , p . 3 23 . J ou rn alZ de ne k a nd Ji e- Li an g L e, F ra nk G re en in g, D av id B en so n, “C ol lap se o f t he W or ld T rad e C en te r T owe rs: W ha t D id a nd D id N ot C aD e pa r tm e nt o f C i vi l a n d E n vi r on m en t al E n gi n ee r in g , N o rt h we s te r n U n iv e rs i ty . M a y 2 7 , 2 0 07 . R e vi s ed D ec e mb e r 1 5 , 2 0 07 . p . 1 1 .http://www.civil.northwestern.edu/people/bazant/PDFs/Papers/00%20WTC%20Collapse%20-%20What%20did%20%26%20Did%J im H of fm an c ha ll en ge d B az an t’ s c la im s om e t im e a go i n h is a rt ic le “ Se is mi c R ec or ds o f t he T wi n T ow er s’ D es tr uc ti on : C la ri fy in gC o nt r o ll e d D e mo l it i o n T h eo r ie s .” V e rs i on 0 . 9, O c t. 3 1 , 2 0 06 . h t tp : // 9 11 r es e ar c h. w tc 7 .n e t/ e ss a ys / de m ol i ti o n/ s ei s mi c .h t ml # ev i d en c eGregor y Ur ich, “Anal ysi s of the M ass and Pot en tial Ener gy of W orl d T rade C enter T ower 1. ” Jo urnal of 9/11 Stud ies, vol . 18 (Dec.

NIST NC STAR 1-1. Federal B uilding and Fire Safety Inves tigation of the World Trade C enter Dis as ter. Des ign, C ons truction, and National Ins titute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of C ommerce, September 2005. http://wtc.nis t.gov/oct05NC STA

2007. 13. B azant et al, 2007, p. 1. 14. The following four points commit NIST to impact and jolt: (a) NIST speaks of the core of theclosely to the s ections we have s poken of when dis cuss ing the building as a whole: “At this point, the core of WT C 1 could be isection below the impact floors that could be thought of as a strong, rigid box, s tructurally undamaged and at almost normal tempf ir e f lo or s t ha t w as a ls o a h ea vy , r ig id b ox . I n t he m id dl e w as t he t hi rd se ct io n, p ar ti al ly d am ag ed b y t he ai rc raf t an d w eak en ed b y hs ec ti on o f t he b ui ld in g a bo ve t he d am ag e z on e N IS T c al ls a “ ri gi d b lo ck .” T hi s r ig id b lo ck f ir st m an if es ts i ts i nd ep en de nt m ov ema bo ve t he i mp ac t z on e ( ne ar t he 9 8t h f lo or ), a ct in g a s a r ig id b lo ck , t il te d… ” N IS T N CS TA R 1 , p . 2 01 .) N IS T a lso r ef er s t o t hi s r ig is ec ti on a bo ve t he i mp ac t z on e, ” “ bu il di ng m as s, ” “ up pe r b ui ld in g s ec ti on ” a nd “ st ru ct ur al b lo ck .” S ee N IS T N CS TA R 1 , p p. 8 3, 1 9




2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 ( c) N IS T a ck no wl ed ge s t ha t t hi s r ig id b lo ck t he n f al ls . N IS T s ay s t ha t “ th e b ui ld in g s ec ti on b eg an t o f al l d ow nw aw e a re t ol d t ha t t hi s f al li ng r ig id b lo ck g oe s t hr ou gh a ll o r p ar t o f t he d am ag ed a re a “ es se nt ia ll y i n f re e f al l. ” ( “S in ce t he s to ri es b elr es is ta nc e t o t he t re me nd ou s e ne rg y r el ea se d b y t he f al li ng b ui ld in g m as s, t he b ui ld in g s ec ti on a bo ve c am e d ow n e ss en ti al ly i n f re416, 238; NIST NC STAR 1, p. 196. (d) After falling through all or part of the damaged area of the tower, the rigid block or falling b

potential energy releas ed by the downward movement of the large building mas s far exceeded the capacity of the intact s tructureS ee N IS T N CS TA R 1 , p . 1 96 . T hi s “ in ta ct s tr uc tu re ,” h as , o f c ou rs e, a lr ea dy b ee n r ef er re d t o a s i nc lu di ng t he c or e o f t he b ui ld in g,a nd a t a l mo s t n o rm a l t e mp er a tu r es . ” 1 5 . A v e rs i on o f t h e S a ur e t v i de o c l ip c a n b e f o un d a t : h t tp : // w ww . yo u tu be . co m :8 0 /w a tc h? v =f oo ta ge f ro m E ti en ne S au re t’ s f il m, “ WT C: t he f ir st 2 4 h ou rs .” 1 6. R ea de rs w an ti ng t o g et a r ou gh a pp ro xi ma ti on o f t he m ea su re mi n t er n e t t h e s o ft w a re , V d o wn l o ad e r : h t t p: / / ww w . so f t pe d i a. c om / p ro g Do w n lo a d /V D o wn l o ad e r -D o wn l o ad - 5 13 2 7 .h t m l O n ce t h e o n - l

d ow nl oa ded i t c an b e b ro ke n i nt o 0 .0 33 se co nd f ra me s u si ng Vi rt ua lD ub : h tt p: // ww w. vi rt ua ld ub .o rg / A p ix el m ea su re me nt d ev ic e (In ter net ) can be used fo r measur eme nts. F or ou r pape r we f oun d we wer e ab le to get m or e accu rat e m easur emen ts b y r ippi ng th e Sthe raw vi deo f il es wer e con ver ted to mpeg 2 usi ng Xil isof t Video C onve rt er 3.T he co nver ted f ile s were then i mpor ted in to Adob ee nt i re s eg me nt w as e xp or te d a s a s ti l l f r am e s eq ue nc e i n . gi f f o rm at . F or p ix el m ea su re me nt s, w e u se d S cr ee n C al i pe rs : h tt p: // i co ni cL eg ge , “ 9/ 11 -E vi de nc e f o r C on tr o ll ed D em ol it io n: a S ho rt L i st o f O bs er v at i on s. ” J ou rn al o f 9 /1 1 S tu di es , v ol .1 ( Ju ne 2 00 6) .h tt p :/ / ww w. j ou rn a lo f 91 1s tu d ie s. co m/ a rt i cl es / Jo u rn al _ 2_ E vi d en ce _f o r_ d em o li t io n _2 0. p df J ou rn a l o f 9 1 1 S t ud i es 1 7 J an ua r y 2 0 09 /c ol um ns o n e ac h s to ry w er e r el ea se d b y N IS T i n 2 00 7 a nd a re p ub li cl y a va il ab le . T hi s i nf or ma ti on c an b e f ou nd a t h tt p: // wt cm od el .co lum n c ross s ect io na l a rea f or eac h st or y w as d et er mi ne d u si ng t he W TC 1 m as s an al ys is ci ted i n r ef er enc e 1 1] , wh ich g ive s t hel en gt h o f t he c ol um ns a nd t he d en si ty o f s te el , t he a re a c ou ld b e d et er mi ne d. 2 1. S ee S ec ti on 2 .6 o n p ag es 5 t hr ou gh 7 o f t he b el oc l as si f ic at i on s f o r r es i st a nc e t o l o ca l b uc k li n g. h t tp : // w ww .n o tt i ng ha m .a c. u k/ c iv en g /H 2 3S 0 7/ De s ig n %2 0 of % 20 S HS . pd f * T h is p aca lcu la te i nst ant an eo us v el oc it y. T he i ni ti al m et ho d u se d t he eq uat io ns o f m ot io n t o ca lcu lat e v el oci ty , w hi ch a re on ly v al id wi thi nf la ti on o f t he p re -i mp ac t v el oc it y. S in ce t he e ne rg y r eq ui re me nt s d o n ot c ha ng e, t he a ct ua l l ow er p re -i mp ac t v el oc it y r es ul ts i n aa c or re sp on di ng ly m or e d ra ma ti c c ha ng e i n v el oc it y. A n a ri th me ti c e rr or i n t he v el oc it y r ed uc ti on c al cu la ti on o n p ag e 2 6 w as a ls oP h. D. i n A si an r el ig io n a nd l it er at ur e f ro m H ar va rd U ni ve rs it y. N ow r et ir ed , h e t au gh t a t M cM as te r U ni ve rs it y i n C an ad a f or a lm oC ent re f or P eace S tudi es an d d ir ect ed peace- bu il di ng pr oj ect s i n sev era l war zon es, inc lud in g S ri La nka and Af gha nist an. He is aS za mb ot i r ec ei ve d h is B ac he lo r’ s d eg re e i n M ec ha ni ca l E ng in ee ri ng f ro m V il la no va U ni ve rs it y. P ri or t o t ha t h e w or ke d a s a m ac himechanic in the U.S. Navy. Since 1990 he has worked as a design engineer in indus try, performing structural and thermal des ign,a nd e qu ip me nt f or u se o n s hi ps , a ir cr af t, s pa ce cr af t, a nd c om mu ni ca ti on t ow er s. H e i s a m em be r o f S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th & J us ti9 11 S tu di es 1 8 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 A PP EN DI X A D ET ER MI NI NG T HE P IX EL -F OO T R AT IO F OR T HE S AU RE T V ID EO 1i ma ge o f t he N or th T ow er t ha t m ig ht a ff ec t o ur m ea su re me nt s ( su ch d is to rt io ns a re c om mo n) , w e d ec id ed t o f in d a v er ti ca l d is ta naccurately in pixels. We took a measurement from a horizontal line of damage caused by the plane to a line on the roof of the NT,lo wer par t of th e b ui ldi ng . 2 . W e th en ch ose f ive ex cel le nt s ti ll ph ot os o f t he No rth T ower . T he p er spe ct iv e fr om wh ich th ey wer ee ff ec ts . T he se p ho to gr ap hs a re f ro m t he N IS T r ep or t ( NI ST N CS TA R 1 .5 A, C ha pt er 8 ), a nd a re g ro up ed c on ve ni en tl y o n t he f or ehttp://www.sharpprintinginc.com/911/index.php?module=photoalbum&PHPWS_Album_id=20&PHPWS_Photo_op=view&PHPdi ff er ent ti mes an d b y sev er al d if fe rent ph oto gra ph er s, an d t he y ar e r ep rod uced bel ow wi th ad de d r ed ar row s sho wi ng t he t wo d is

ho ri zo nt al di sta nce x an d t hen t he v er ti cal d is tan ce y so th at w e co uld wo rk ou t th e r at io o f x t o y . I f c on si ste ncy c oul d be f ou nd ,k no wi ng t he v al ue o f x ( th e wi dt h o f t he t ow er ) i n f ee t, w e c ou ld d et er mi ne t he v al ue , i n f ee t, o f y . 3 . H er e a re t he m ea su re me nt s m a( No te t ha t t he m ea su re me nt s w il l b e d if fe re nt o n t he p ho to s a s r ep ro du ce d b el ow , b ut t he p ro po rt io ns w il l r em ai n c on st an t. ) P ho to x

pixels 1: .91 C 379 pixels 354 pixels 1: .93 D 373 pixels 343 pixels 1: .92 E 327 pixels 302 pixels 1: .92 4. There is little variation in thew hi ch c or re sp on ds t o t he r at io i n w ha t i s a rg ua bl y t he p ho to gr ap h w it h t he l ea st a pp ar en t d is to rt io n f ro m f or es ho rt en in g, p ho to D ,sugg ested f or t he ext er nal wi dth o f th e T ower s. W e ch ose 210 f eet as o ur b est esti mat e. Th e f igur e i s f rom NI ST N CST AR 1 , p. 5.Pot en tial Ener gy of W orl d T rade C enter T ower 1” ( Journ al of 9/1 1 St udies), p. 8 . B ear i n min d that the p er imet er col umns were cot he ir e xt er na l d im en si on s. 6 . T hi s m ea ns t ha t t he v al ue o f t he v er ti ca l d is ta nc e m ea su re d ( y) i s 2 10 x . 92 = 1 93 .2 f ee t. 7 . M ea su ri ngf ou nd i t t o b e 2 20 p ixe ls. T he r at io of pi xe ls t o f eet f or ve rt ic al m eas ur eme nt s i n t hi s v er si on o f t he S au re t vi de o i s: 1 p ix el = 0 .8 8 f eeC Journ al of 91 1 St udi es 20 Januar y 200 9/Vol ume 24 DE Jo urn al of 911 St udies 2 1 Januar y 200 9/Vol ume 24 Journ al of 91 1 St udi es 22P ER IM ET ER C OL UM N C RO SS S EC TI ON S O N T HE 9 7T H S TO RY C OR E C OL UM NS 9 7T H s to ry Y ie ld F la ng e F la ng e W eb Wa re a C ol um n N o. D es ig na ti on ( ks i) ( in .) ( in .) ( in .) ( in .) ( in .2 ) 5 01 1 4W F4 26 F4 2 4 2 1 6. 69 5 3 .0 33 1 2. 62 4 1 .8 75 1 24 .9 42 5 02 1 4W F2 64 F4 2 4

1 6. 02 5 1 .9 38 1 2. 62 4 1 .2 05 7 7. 32 5 5 04 1 4W F2 46 F3 6 3 6 1 6. 94 5 1 .8 13 1 2. 62 4 1 .1 25 7 5. 64 5 5 05 1 4W F2 19 F3 6 3 6 1 5. 82 5 1 .6 23 1 2. 62 4 1 .0 05507 14WF264F42 42 16.025 1.938 12.624 1.205 77.325 508 14WF426F42 42 16.695 3.033 12.624 1.875 124.942 601 12WF106F42 42 12.21 2. 62 4 0 .6 95 4 3. 77 6 6 03 1 4W F1 58 F3 6 3 6 1 5. 55 1 .1 88 1 2. 62 4 0 .7 3 4 6. 16 2 6 04 1 2W F1 06 F3 6 3 6 1 2. 23 0 .9 86 1 0. 90 8 0 .6 2 3 0. 88 1 6 05 1 2W F13 6 1 5. 51 5 1 .1 28 1 2. 62 4 0 .6 95 4 3. 77 6 6 07 1 4W F1 42 F3 6 3 6 1 5. 5 1 .0 63 1 2. 62 4 0 .6 8 4 1. 53 7 6 08 1 2W F1 06 F3 6 3 6 1 2. 23 0 .9 86 1 0. 90 8 0 .6 2 3 0.702 14WF176F36 36 15.64 1.313 12.624 0.82 51.422 703 14WF103F36 36 14.575 0.813 12.624 0.495 29.948 704 14WF53F50 50 8.062 0.60.308 12.336 706 14WF111F36 36 14.62 0.873 12.624 0.54 32.343 707 14WF167F36 36 15.6 1.248 12.624 0.78 48.784 708 12WF161F42 41 2. 51 5 1 .4 86 1 0. 90 8 0 .9 05 4 7. 06 6 8 02 1 4W F1 76 F3 6 3 6 1 5. 64 1 .3 13 1 2. 62 4 0 .8 2 5 1. 42 2 8 03 1 2W F1 33 F4 2 4 2 1 2. 36 5 1 .2 38 1 0. 90 8 0 .7 56 3 8.1 4W F1 11 F4 2 4 2 1 4. 62 0 .8 73 1 2. 62 4 0 .5 4 3 2. 34 3 8 06 1 4W F1 67 F3 6 3 6 1 5. 6 1 .2 48 1 2. 62 4 0 .7 8 4 8. 78 4 8 07 1 4W F1 67 F4 2 4 2 1 5. 6 1 .2 48 1 2.2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 9 01 1 2W F1 20 F3 6 3 6 1 2. 32 1 .1 08 1 0. 90 8 0 .7 1 3 5. 04 6 9 02 1 4W F1 50 F3 6 3 6 1 5. 51 5 1 .1 28 1 2. 62 4 0 .6 95 4 3. 77 6 9 03 1 4W F11 2. 15 5 0 .8 56 1 0. 90 8 0 .6 45 2 7. 84 5 9 05 1 2W F9 9F 36 3 6 1 2. 19 0 .9 21 1 0. 90 8 0 .5 6 2 8. 56 2 9 06 1 4W F1 42 F3 6 3 6 1 5. 5 1 .0 63 1 2. 62 4 0 .6 8 4 1. 53 712WF120F36 36 12.32 1.108 10.908 0.71 35.046 1001 14WF426F42 42 16.695 3.033 12.624 1.875 124.942 1002 14WF264F42 42 16.025 1.12.624 1.545 100.282 1004 14WF219F36 36 15.825 1.623 12.624 1.005 64.055 1005 14WF202F36 36 15.75 1.503 12.624 0.93 59.085 100614WF287F36 36 16.13 2.093 12.624 1.31 84.058 1008 14WF426F42 42 16.695 3.033 12.624 1.875 124.942 Total area (in.2) = 2,621.657u ni fo rm i n c ro ss s ec ti on o n a g iv en f lo or . W hi le t he ir e xa ct c ro ss s ec ti on s h av e n ot b ee n m ad e p ub li cl y a va il ab le t he y a re d is ce rnt ot al we igh t p er f lo or b ei ng k no wn . T he NI ST N CS TAR 1 -3D r epo rt st at es t hat “A s th e e le va ti on i n t he b uil di ng i nc reas ed , t he t h

plates were always at leas t 0.25 thick”. The height of a floor of perimeter columns in WTC 1 can be calculated by dividing the buil1 2. 44 f ee t o r 1 49 .2 4 i nc he s p er st or y. T he w ei gh t o f t he 23 6 p er im et er co lu mn s a t t he 9 7t h st or y w as a pp ro xi mat el y 7 8. 71 t ons o r 1 5densi ty of steel an d t he num ber o f col umn s gi ves a vo lum e f or e ach c olu mn of 2 ,35 7 i n. 3. Div id ing t hi s vo lum e b y t he 149 .24 i nch




c ol um n o f 1 5. 79 i n. 2. W it h 2 36 c ol um ns t hi s g iv es a t ot al c ro ss s ec ti on al a re a f or t he p er im et er c ol um ns a t t he 9 7t h s to ry o f 3 ,7 26 ii nc h s qu ar e c ol um ns , t he w al l t hi ck ne ss c an b e e st im at ed . F or t he 9 7t h s to ry i t w ou ld b e a pp ro xi ma te ly 0 .2 89 i nc he s. T hi s c om po rw as n ev er l es s t ha n 0 .2 5 i nc he s t hi ck , a nd s in ce t he 9 7t h s to ry w as 1 3 f lo or s d ow n f ro m t he t op o f t he b ui ld in g i t a pp ea rs r ea so na blA PP EN DI X C C AL CU LA TI ON O F T HE A XI AL S TI FF NE SS O F T HE C OL UM NS F RO M T HE 9 7T H S TO RY D OW N T O G RO UNs tr uc tu ra l c ol um n c an b e d et er mi ne d k no wi ng t he m od ul us o f e la st ic it y o f i ts m at er ia l, t he c ro ss s ec ti on al a re a, a nd t he l en gt h o f t hde te rmi ni ng th is f or t he t ower co lum ns be lo w t he 9 7th st or y is t hat th e cr oss se ct ion al ar ea s ch an ge w it h el ev at ion . O ne w ay t o e sd o h er e u si ng t he c ro ss s ec ti on al a re a o f t he c ol um ns a t t he 5 5t h s to ry s in ce i t i s t he m id po in t i n t he t ow er a bo ve g ro un d l ev el . T h8 ,7 77 i n. 2 a nd t he p er im et er c ol um n c ro ss s ec ti on al a rea 1 0, 78 4 i n. 2 g iv in g a t ot al c ol um n c ro ss se ct io na l a rea o f 1 9, 56 1 i n. 2 a t t hem od ul us o f e la st ic it y o f s te el i s 3 0 x 1 06 p si . T he l en gt h o f t he c ol um ns f ro m t he 9 7t h s to ry d ow n t o g ro un d l ev el w as 1 49 .2 4 i nc he

1 4, 47 6 i nc he s. U si ng K = A E/ L = ( 19 ,5 61 i n. 2) (3 0 x 1 06 p si )/ 14 ,4 76 i nc he s, t he s ti ff ne ss i s f ou nd t o b e 4 0, 53 8, 13 2 l b. /i n. o r 7 .1 G N/s h o ul d h a ve b e e n t h a t f ro m t h e 9 7 t h st o r y do w n t o t h e f ou n d a ti o n , an d c o ns i d er i n g t he s i x s u b - l ev e l s , t h e s ti f f n es s i n t h at c a se wwo ul d b e t he 5 2nd st or y a nd t he c ol um ns on t hat f lo or w er e on ly sl igh tl y l ar ger i n cr oss sec ti on t han t ho se on t he 5 5t h, wh ich wot he s ix s ub -l ev el f lo or s. J ou rn al o f 9 11 S tu di es 2 5 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo lu me 2 4 A PP EN DI X D C AL CU LA TI ON O F V EL OC IT Y C HA NG EOF T HE UP PE R A ND L OW ER B LO CK S I t i s as su med t ha t t he re a re 3 p ar ts t o t he e ne rg y d is si pa ti on f ro m t he c ol li si on f or a g iv ec om pr es si on i n t he c or e a nd p er im et er c ol um ns . 2 ) C om pr es si ve p la st ic y ie ld in g o f c or e a nd p er im et er c ol um ns i n c ol um ns o f t he 9o f a ll c ol um ns , i n t he t wo s to ri es . 1 ) C al cu la ti on s s ho w t ha t a n a ve ra ge s pr in g c on st an t f or t he t ow er c ol um ns i s 4 0, 50 0 k ip s/ in o r 7 .ov er t he 1 10 st or ies o f t he bu il di ng, a nd usi ng v al ue s f ou nd at m id- hei ght f or t he 5 5t h s to ry . I f th e cr oss sec tio ns w er e u ni fo rm t hecom pre ss el ast ic al ly 19 .8 4 in . H owe ver , t he col umn se ct io ns ar e n ot un if or m, si nce t he cr oss sect ion s g et smal ler wi th in cr eas in gt he 9 7 st or ies o f c ol umn s ca n o nl y b e sh own t o c om pr ess e la st ical ly t he am oun t c on si st en t wi th t he le ast cr oss se ct ion al ar ea, i .e. tr es is ta nc e o ff er ed b y t he c or e a nd p er im et er c ol um ns i n t he 9 7t h s to ry w e n ee d t o t ak e i nt o a cc ou nt t he f ac t t ha t s om e c ol um ns a r

buckle locally before they yield. All 47 core columns plus 236 perimeter columns are categorized into clas s es 1, 2, 3 and 4 (with 4c la ss 4 c ol um ns d o n ot r ea ch y ie ld b ef or e l oc al b uc kl in g o cc ur s. 2 1] A pp ro xi ma te ly h al f o f t he c or e c ol um ns w er e 3 6 k si y ie ld s tr ea n a ve ra ge y ie ld s tr en gt h o f a pp ro xi ma te ly 4 0 k si . 1 4 o f t he c or e c ol um ns a re c la ss 4 a nd w e c on se rv at iv el y u se 5 0% y ie ld r es is ta n3 3 c ol um ns b ei ng g iv en 4 0 k si c re di t, w e g et a t ot al c or e c ol um n l oa d r es is ta nc e o f 9 4, 90 0 k ip s. T he 2 36 p er im et er c ol um ns a t t he 9str engt h of 65 ksi . Using t he 1 /2 fa ctor a nd mul ti ply in g b y t he tot al ar ea of p er imet er col um ns we get 12 1,6 00 kip s. T he to tal sust ais to ry c ol um ns = 2 16 ,5 00 k ip s. A s e xp ec te d, t he c ol um ns o f t he 5 5t h s to ry h av e a s ig ni fi ca nt ly l ar ge r o ve ra ll c ro ss s ec ti on a nd t he i8 21 ,6 00 k ip s. T he e la st ic d is pl ac em en t o f t he t op s o f t he 9 7t h s to ry c ol um ns c an t he n b e f ou nd u si ng t he r at io o f ( 21 6. 5/ 82 1. 6) t im e½Kx2, the elasti c ener gy absor bed by axi al deformati on of t he col umns can be calculated usi ng the fi gures above as ½ (40,500 kips/a bb re vi at io n f or i n- ki p) . 2 ) T he 2 16 ,5 00 k ip e la st ic s tr ai n l im it v al ue , t ha t w as u se d t o c al cu la te t he e la st ic a xi al s tr ai n e ne rg y a bo veW he n t he c ol um ns a s a g ro up r ea ch t he ir e la st ic l im it , m an y w il l b e a bl e t o s us ta in t he v al ue o f A x F y, i .e . c ro ss s ec ti on al a re a t im3% axial st rai n l im it is commo nly assumed fo r class 1 secti ons, and lesser pr opor tion al am ount s f or classes 2 , 3 and 4. Ta king an a

buckle locally before reaching yield), we get 1.5% s train. The s hortening of a column in a given J ournal of 911 Studies 26 J anuaryc ol um n o f 1 49 i nc he s t im es 0 .0 15 = 2 .2 4 i nc he s. I t f ol lo ws t ha t t he a xi al p la st ic e ne rg y i s 2 16 ,5 00 k ip s x 2 .2 4 i nc he s = 4 85 ,0 00 i n- k.c on ti nu in g t o s qu as h l ik e a p an ca ke , t he c ol um ns w il l d ef or m b y f or mi ng p la st ic h in ge s a t t he t op , b ot to m a nd a t m id -h ei gh t w it hi

is calc ul ated i n t he same man ner u sed in t he B azant m odel , in wh ich t he to tal r ot at io ns su mme d at t he t hr ee l ocat ions = 2 pi . T her et ha t c an m ai nt ai n M p f or s ev er al d eg re es o f r ot at io n b ef or e t he b en di ng c ap ac it y d im in is he s. F or t he l es s s to ck y c ol um ns ( cl as se ss et s i n. F or t he c la ss 4 t hi n- wa ll ed c ol um ns , M p i s n ev er r ea ch ed , b ut a v al ue o f 0 .5 M p i s l ik el y. F in al ly , a s ci ss or s s ha pe w il l o ccsqu ashing the space b et ween i t and t he 97th f loor slab with a cor responding ener gy dr ain of 2,103,00 0 in- k. Adding these u p, a tot al3 ,1 40 ,0 00 i n- k i s r ea li ze d. H ow ev er , t hi s i s o nl y a p ar t o f t he e ne rg y d ra in t ha t n ee ds t o b e c on si de re d. S in ce t he l ow er c ol um ns o ff or ce s, t he se c ol um ns w ou ld a ls o b e e xp ec te d t o s uf fe r a xi al e la st ic a nd p la st ic d ef or ma ti on a nd b uc kl in g. T he f or ce s a pp li ed t o t hthe 99th story, at the bottom of the upper block. With the forces being equal and opposite, the total damage to the s tructure of thet ot al e ne rg y d ra in t o t ha t o cc ur ri ng i n t he s tr uc tu re o f t he l ow er b lo ck . H ow ev er , h er e w e a re o nl y q ua nt if yi ng t he e ne rg y r eq ui re dwe di d f or on ly t he c ol um ns on t he 9 7t h st or y o f t he l ow er b lo ck . S in ce th e 99 th s to ry col umns h ad 93 % o f t he si ze of th e col umn sfound for the columns on the 97th s tory, with the difference being accounted for by s tres s wave propagation to points further updissipati on fo r t he columns o n both the 97t h and 9 9th stor ies is t hus 1.93 times t hat f or t he 97th story and it calculat es as 1. 93 x 3, 14of t he u pp er 1 2 s to ri es pl us t he r oof had a va lu e o f 6 9, 30 3 k ips and t he ve lo cit y d ete rm in ed by t he r eg ressio n ana ly sis, at 1 seco nd

f t. /s . T he ki ne ti c en er gy o f t he up pe r 12 sto rie s p lu s t he r oof , d ro pp ing a he ig ht o f 1 1. 44 f ee t t o th e 98t h f loo r sl ab b el ow, c an be fw ei gh t b y t he a cc el er at io n d ue t o g ra vi ty t o g et m as s. A v al ue o f 6 ,7 25 ,8 60 i n- k i s f ou nd f or t he k in et ic e ne rg y o f t he u pp er b lo ck ,s la bs . T he a ft er i mp ac t v el oc it y V 2 c an b e f ou nd b y s ub tr ac ti ng t he d is si pa te d e ne rg y f ro m t he k in et ic e ne rg y j us t p ri or t o i mp ac tk - 6, 06 0, 000 i n- k = ½ MV 22 T he v al ue o f V2 i s 7. 18 f t. /s , r ef le ct ing a v el oc it y r ed uct ion o f 1 5. 63 f t. /s d ue t o t he t hr ee c al cu lat ed en ed ef or ma ti on , a nd p la st ic h in ge b uc kl in g o f t he c ol um ns o n t he 9 7t h a nd 9 9t h s to ri es . J ou rn al o f 9 11 S tu di es 2 7 J an ua ry 2 00 9/ Vo lu meR ED UC TI ON D UE T O C ON SE RV AT IO N O F M OM EN TU M T he u pp er b lo ck c on si st s o f t he 9 9t h t hr ou gh 1 10 th s to ri es p lu s t he rwhi ch we wi ll d esig nat e as M ( = 2, 152 k -sl ug s) . Th e m easu re d v el oci ty o f t he upp er b lo ck, wh en it con tact s th e f loor slab o f t he 9slabs of h = 11.44 feet), which we will designate here as V1. If the masses of the 98th story columns and floor slab are added to the

becomes 13/12M. A velocity drop will occur due to cons ervation of momentum and can be found us ing the equation M x V1 = 13/1with 12/13V1 = V1′ K no wi ng V 1 f ro m t he a ct ua l m ea su re me nt s a nd s ol vi ng w e f in d t he n ew v el oc it y V 1′ = 2 1.06 ft./s r eflecting a r e1 . 75 f t ./ s .

1 4. S c ie n ti s ts , S c ho l ar s , A r ch i te ct s & E n gi n ee r s r e sp o nd t o N I ST

B y 16 s cientis ts , s cholars , architects , and engineersS ci en ti st s, S ch ol ar s, A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs r es po nd t o N IS T s ub mi tt ed b y R ep re he ns or o n m on , 0 9/ 15 /2 00 8 - 1 0: 02 pm v ia E le ct roR e po si t or y A tt e nt i on : M r . S t ep h en C a uf f ma n N at i on a l I n st i tu te o f S t an d ar d s a nd T ec h no l og y S t op 8 61 0 G ai t he rs bu r g, M D 2 0 89 9 -

September 15, 2008




R e: P ub li c C om me nt s o n W TC 7 D ra ft R ep or ts

D ea r M r . C a uf f ma n,

I a m w ri ti ng o n b eh al f o f a g ro up o f s ci en ti st s, s ch ol ar s, e ng in ee rs a nd b ui ld in g p ro fe ss io na ls w ho a re d ed ic at ed t o s ci en ti fi c r es e buildings (WTC 1, 2 and 7) on September 11, 2001. We have examined the draft reports recently released by NIST purporting to ext o h er ei n as t he “R epo rt ”) . W e h av e f oun d m an y a rea s th at n ee d t o b e r ev ise d an d r e- ex am ine d b y N IS T p er son ne l be for e t hey r eln am es a nd a ff il ia ti on s a t t he e nd o f t hi s d oc um en t, i n a cc or da nc e w it h t he g ui de li ne s f or s ub mi tt al o f c om me nt s p ro mu lg at ed b y N

A t t he o ut se t, w e w ou ld l ik e t o c al l a tt en ti on t o t he f ac t t ha t w e r eq ue st ed a r ea so na bl e e xt en si on o f t im e f or t he p ub li c t o s ub mi t ci nc or re ct o r c on tr ad ic to ry s ta te me nt s i n t he R ep or t, w e w ou ld l ik el y h av e f ou nd m an y m or e a re as N IS T n ee ds t o r e- ex am in e b ef orc or re sp on de nc e w it h y ou r eq ue st in g t he e xt en si on , t he o ri gi na l t hr ee w ee k d ea dl in e w as c om pl et el y u nr ea so na bl e. F ir st , i t t oo k N IR ep or t. W hy , t he n, w er e m em be rs o f t he p ub li c o nl y g iv en t hr ee w ee ks i n w hi ch t o c om me nt ? M or eo ve r, N IS T l is ts t en a ut ho rs at he t hr ee y ea r i nv est ig at io n w ou ld y ie ld so me wh er e i n t he n ei gh bo rh oo d o f 2 00 ,0 00 m an -h ou rs o f l ab or . H ow d id N IS T e xp ec t m el ab or e xp en di tu re i n t hr ee w ee ks ? T hi s f ir st r ea so n a lo ne w as e no ug h t o w ar ra nt a s ig ni fi ca nt e xt en si on i n t he d ea dl in e f or p ub li c c

S e c on d , i n N I S T ’s " Q u es t i o ns a n d A n s we r s " p a g e ( h t t p: / / w ww . n i st . g o v/ p u b li c _ af f a i rs / f a ct s h ee t / w tc _ q a_ 0 8 21 0 8 . ht m l ) , N I S T h a sou r g ro up a nd o th er s ha ve m ad e r eg ar di ng t he W TC 7 d es tr uct io n. H owe ver , N IS T di d n ot p ro vi de a ny r ef er en ce s t o sec ti ons ofm em be r o f t he p ub li c, t he n, a bl e t o v er if y N IS T’ s r ef ut at io n w it ho ut r ea di ng t hr ou gh t he e nt ir e 1 00 0+ p ag e R ep or t? O ur c om me nt" Qu es ti on s a nd A ns we rs " p ag e, a nd w it ho ut c it at io ns d ir ec tl y t o t he R ep or t i ts el f, i t w as e xt re me ly d if fi cu lt a nd t im e c on su mi ng fof c ol la ps e ha ve be en ad eq uat el y ad dr ess ed in t he R ep or t. T hi s i s es pe ci all y t rue in l igh t of t he f act t ha t t hi s l at est d ra ft R ep or t i s

Y ou r r es po ns e t o o ur r eq ue st w as d is mi ss iv e, b as ed p ri ma ri ly o n y ou r b el ie f t ha t a si x- we ek c om me nt p er io d o n t he 1 0, 00 0 p ag e r eY ou a ls o s aw n o p ro bl em w it h N IS T’ s f ai lu re t o p ro vi de a ny r ef er en ce s i n i ts Q ue st io ns a nd A ns we rs p ag e t o t he 1 00 0 p ag e R ep ol og ic al f al lac y of ap pea l t o a ut ho ri ty . As t hi ng s s tan d r ig ht n ow, y ou r po si ti on i n t hi s m at te r ca n b e se en as no th in g l ess t ha n a d er ev ie w a nd c om me nt o n N IS T’ s w or k i n t hi s e xt re me ly i mp or ta nt a re a o f r es ea rc h.

Nevertheles s , we have been able to s pend s ome time reading and analyzing the report, and have already found numerous probleO ur c om me nt s o n t he R ep or t a re d et ai le d b el ow . N ot e t ha t w e d ec li ne d N IS T’ s i nv it at io n t o c om me nt o nl y o n t he s um ma ry r ep or t,d et ai le d N CS TA R 1 -9 d oc um en t. O f c ou rs e, o nc e N CS TA R 1 -9 i s r ev is ed a cc or di ng t o t he se c om me nt s, t he s um ma ry r ep or t N CS T

B as ed o n o ur c om me nt s b el ow , i t i s r ea di ly a pp ar en t t ha t t he N IS T c ol la ps e e xp la na ti on r el ie s s ol el y o n e xt re me ly s us pe ct c om pu tg i v e n t h e o p po r t u n i t y t o i n p u t d a t a i nt o e a ch s u b se q u e n t m o d e l , N I S T h a s c h o s e n t o u s e t h o s e i n p u t s w h i c h wo u l d c au s e t h e h i gd am ag e. T he re fo re , t he s ub mi tt er s o f t he se c om me nt s h er eb y c al l o n N IS T t o p ub li cl y r el ea se i ts m od el s a nd m od el in g d at a s o t haot he r, m or e r eas on ab le , a ssu mpt io ns wi ll a ls o r esu lt i n g lob al c ol lap se o f t he st ru ct ur e. A ft er a ll , a sci en ti fi c hy po the si s c an not b e

C h ap t er 9 : F i re S i mu l at i on s

C o nt r ad ic t io ns b e tw ee n F l oo r 1 2 F i re S i mu l at i on s a nd O th er E v id en ce

F ig ur e 9 -1 1 f ro m N CS TA R 1 -9 ( pa ge 3 83 ) d ep ic ts t he u pp er l ay er a ir t em pe ra tu re s o n t he 1 2t h f lo or f ir e s im ul at io n. A s c an b e s eet he n or th f ac e o f t he b ui ld in g a t 5 :0 0p m.

T hi s p ar t o f t he f ir e s im ul at io n p re se nt s t wo p ro bl em s. F ir st , i t c on tr ad ic ts a n e ar li er r ep or t i ss ue d b y N IS T r eg ar di ng t he f ir es o n fe vi de nc e o f t he f ir e a ct iv it y o n f lo or 1 2.

C OM ME NT : A pp en di x L t o N IS T’ s J un e 2 00 4 “ Pr og re ss R ep or t o n t he F ed er al B ui ld in g a nd F ir e S af et y I nv es ti ga ti on o f t he W or lW TC 7 ”. ( Se e h tt p: // wt c. ni st .g ov /p ro gr es s_ re po rt _j un e0 4/ ap pe nd ix l. pd f) O n p ag e L -2 6 o f t hi s i nt er im r ep or t, N IS T s ta te s t ha t “ Ar

9 , a nd 1 1 n ea r t he m id dl e o f t he n or th f ac e; F lo or 1 2 w as b ur ne d o ut b y t hi s t im e. ”

R EASON FOR C OM ME NT: T he cont rast between NIS T’ s pr ior assert ion that f loor 12 was “bur ned o ut” b y 4: 45pm, and NIS T’ s5 :0 0p m, c ou ld n ot b e m or e a pp ar en t. T hi s d is cr ep an cy c al ls i nt o q ue st io n t he v er ac it y o f t he R ep or t.

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: T hi s d is cr ep an cy m us t b e a ck no wl ed ge d a nd e xp la in ed i n t he R ep or t. F ur th er mo re , t he p ho to gr ap hi c o ri n A pp en di x L t ha t f lo or 1 2 w as b ur ne d o ut b y 4 :4 5p m m us t b e i nc lu de d i n t he f in al v er si on o f i ts r ep or t.

C OMMENT: To support NIST’s assertion that there was indeed fire present on floor 12 at 5:00pm, NIST has provided a single ph NC STAR 1-9, p. 237), that was purportedly taken at around 5:00pm, and s hows fire in the two windows that compris e the northw photograph was taken at approximately 5:00pm, with a margin of error of “at leas t 10 minutes ,” us ing s hadow analysis .

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : W e f in d i t u nl ik el y t ha t N IS T c ou ld e st im at e t he t im e t he “ un kn ow n s ou rc e” p ho to gr ap h i n F ig ur e 5 -1

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: N IS T m us t e xp la in h ow i t w as a bl e t o e st im at e t he p ho to gr ap h’ s t im e u si ng s ha do w a na ly si s t o a m ar gi n

C OM ME NT : T he f ol lo wi ng g ra ph ic i s e xc er pt ed f ro m F ig ur e 9 -1 1, a nd p ur po rt s t o d es cr ib e t he s ta te o f t he f ir es o n t he 1 2t h f lo or o




A s c an b e s ee n, t hi s g ra ph ic d ep ic ts r ag in g f ir es a cr os s a t l ea st h al f o f t he n or th f ac e o f t he b ui ld in g. H ow ev er , w he n c om pa re d w ite xt r em e n o rt h we st c or n er , c le a rl y t he c om p ut e r m o de l i s n o t r ep r es en ta t iv e o f r e al i ty .

R EAS ON F OR C OM ME NT : I t a pp ear s t hat N IS T’ s co mp ut er f ir e si mu la ti on s a re n ot r ep re se nt at iv e a t a ll o f t he f ir es a ct ual ly o cc u

S UGG ES TE D R EVI SI ON : N IS T n ee ds t o d esc ri be w hy ( ass um in g F ig ur e 5 -1 52 a ccu ra te ly d esc ri be s t he f lo or 1 2 f ir es a t a bou t 5: 0lea st h al f of t he nor th side of th e bu il di ng at 5 :00 pm . N IS T sho ul d c lear ly expl ai n w hy it s f ire sim ul ati on mo del s o f th e 1 2t h f loor sr ep re se nt at io n o f t he f ir es a ct ua ll y o cc ur ri ng i n W TC 7 .

S ep ar at el y s ub mi tt ed b y C hr is S ar ns a nd R ic ha rd G ag e i s a g ra ph ic t ha t c om pa re s N IS T’ s c om pu te r m od el f ir e d at a f or f lo or 1 2 w ih er et o a s E xh ib it A . T he y p re se nt a m or e r eal is ti c d ep ic ti on o f w ha t a c om pu te r m od el f or t he f lo or 1 2 f ir es s ho ul d l oo k l ik e i f i t w es ho ul d t ak e t hi s i nt o c on si de ra ti on w he n t he y a re r e- ru nn in g t he ir c om pu te r m od el s b as ed o n t he se p ub li c c om me nt s, a nd r ev is e tr e pr e se nt a ti v e o f r e al i ty , w h ic h w o ul d l o ok m o re l i ke t h e d ep i ct i on s c o nt a in e d t h er e in .

C om bu st ib le F ue l L oa di ng o n F lo or s 1 1 a nd 1 2

C OM ME NT : T hi s c om me nt r el at es t o NI ST ’s as su mp ti on s r eg ar di ng co mb us ti bl e f ue l l oa di ng f or t he 1 1t h a nd 1 2t h f lo or s. I n N CS

NIST as s umed that the combus tible mas s of furniture was about the s ame in an office as in a cubicle. Since the loading of other cand 12 th f lo or s ( Chap ter 3 ), NI ST assu med t hat t he t ota l co mb ust ibl e m ass in a n of fi ce wa s d ou bl e t hat of a cub icl e. T hus, t he avew a s e s ti m at e d a s 3 2 kg / m2 .

H ow ev er , C ha pt er 3 t el ls u s t ha t, c on tr ar y t o N IS T’ s a ss er ti on s i n C ha pt er 9 , t he l oa di ng o f o th er c om bu st ib le s w as n ot r ep or te d t( pa ra . 6 , s en t. 1 ) o f N CS TA R 1 -9 , N IS T r ep or ts t ha t t he U .S . S ec ur it ie s a nd E xc ha ng e C om mi ss io n o cc up ie d t he 1 1t h a nd 1 2t h f lo os en t. 1 ) N IS T f ur th er r ep or ts t ha t A me ri ca n E xp re ss o cc up ie d t he s ou th we st s ec to r o f t he 1 3t h f lo or . O n t he s am e p ag e, N IS T r epd es cr ib ed a s h ig h b y i n te rv ie we d A me ri ca n E xp re ss m an ag er s. ” ( NC S TA R 1 -9 , p . 5 6, p ar a. 4 , s en t . 3 )

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : R ec al l t ha t A mer ic an E xp re ss o ccu pi ed o nl y t he s ou th wes t s ec to r o f t he 1 3t h f lo or . H ow , t he n c an N Ien ti ret y o f th e 1 1t h a nd 1 2 f loo rs, b oth oc cup ied s ol el y b y t he S EC , was r ep or te d t o h ave b ee n hi gh? W er e Am er ican E xp ress m at he y w ou ld b e q ua li fi ed t o c om me nt o n t he c om bu st ib le f ue l l oa d t he re ? M or eo ve r, a re A me ri ca n E xp re ss m an ag er s q ua li fi ed t o g ic om pa re d t o o ff ic es i n t he T wi n T ow er s?

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: C le ar ly A me ri ca n E xp re ss p er so nn el a re c om pe te nt t o p ro vi de i nf or ma ti on o nl y o n t he s ta te o f t he A me rso ut hwes t se ct or o f th e 1 3t h f lo or . NI ST m ust p rov ide r eal su pp or t f or i ts ass er ti on th at t he co mb us ti bl e l oa d o n t he 11 th an d 1 2t he st im at ed a ve ra ge c om bu st ib le f ue l l oa d o n t he se f lo or s. I f i t c an no t p ro vi de s uc h s up po rt , i t s ho ul d r e- ru n i ts c om pu te r m od el s w

r ep or t t ho se r es ul ts t o t he s ci en ti fi c c om mu ni ty a nd t he A me ri ca n p ub li c.

C om bu st i bl e F u el L o ad in g o n F lo or 1 3

C OM ME NT : T hi s c om me nt i s r eg ar di ng NI ST ’s t re at me nt o f t he co mb us ti bl e f ue l l oad o f t he 1 3t h f lo or . O n pa ge 3 75 of NC ST ARden si ty of com bu st ibl es on t he 13 th f lo or was va rie d and no t wel l kn own . T he a ver age va lu e f or t he 13 th f lo or ] was ass um ed t o ber ep or te d d es cr ip ti on o f t he c om bu st ib le l oa d o n t he 1 3t h f lo or w as f ro m A me ri ca n E xp re ss m an ag er s, w ho w er e c om pe te nt t o c omChapt er 3 of NCS TAR 1-9, page 57 (para. 2, sent. 2, 3) NIST repor ts that in the SE C o ccupi ed sections of nort her n peri meter of ther oo ms f ac in g i t. T he re w er e a dd it io na l t es ti mo ny r oo ms o n t he n or th er n p or ti on o f t he e as t a nd w es t s id es o f t he f lo or , a nd a s to ra

I mp or tan tl y, N IS T r ep or ts t hat t he “ te st im on y r oo ms w er e sp ar se ly f ur ni sh ed , w it h j us t a t ab le a nd a f ew ch ai rs .” ( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p .s ch em at ic d ia gr am o f f lo or 1 3 ( Fi gu re 3 -8 , p . 5 7) r ev ea ls t ha t t he h ea ri ng r oo m a pp ea rs s im il ar t o a c ou rt r oo m. C ou rt r oo ms a re a lsi t i s d ou bt fu l t ha t t he re w as a ny a pp re ci ab le l ev el o f a dd it io na l c om bu st ib le s p re se nt i n t he se t es ti mo ny a nd h ea ri ng r oo ms .

R E AS ON F OR C OM M EN T: N IS T h as a pp ar en t ly g re at ly o ve re st im at ed t he f ue l l oa di ng o n t he 1 3t h f l oo r.

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: N IS T m us t j us ti fy i ts u se o f t he h ig he r c om bu st ib le f ue l l oa d o n t he 1 3t h f lo or i n C ha pt er 9 o f t he R ep ormor e i nf or mat io n av ail abl e t o i t re gar din g t he lay out and mak e u p o f fl oor 1 3, as r epo rt ed in C hapt er 3, t han it l ets on in C hapt er 9.

C o mb u st i bl e L o ad S e ns i ti v it y T e st s

C OM ME NT : N IS T c la im s t ha t i t d id s en si ti vi ty t es ts t o d et er mi ne w he th er t he se e xo rb it an t c om bu st ib le f ue l l oa ds a dv er se ly a ff ec NIST even performed the s ens itivity tes ts brings up the ques tion of why NIST went to the trouble of increas ing the fuel load in th

s imulation. That point as ide, C hapter 9 contains s tatements that directly contradict the res ults of thes e alleged s ens itivity tes ts .

O n p ag e 3 81 o f N CS TA R 1 -9 ( pa ra . 3 , s en t. 3 ) N IS T f la tl y st at es t ha t, i n i ts f ir e s im ul at io ns f or t he 1 2t h f lo or , “ t ]h e f ir e] s pr ea d r a

l owe r f lo or s d ue t o t he h igh er f uel l oad on t he 1 2t h f lo or si mul at io n] .” NI ST go es o n t o r epo rt t hat th e b ur n ti me ac ross t he no rt hv is ua l e vi de nc e. ( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p . 3 81 , p ar a. 3 , s en t. 4 ) N IS T t he n r ej ec ts t he p os si bi li ty t ha t t hi s c ou ld h av e r es ul te d f ro m t he f ue lS ec ti on 9 .3 .3 . ( pa ra . 3 , s en t. 4 -8 )

I n S ec ti on 9 .3 .3 , w e f in d t he r ef er en ce d s en si ti vi ty a na ly si s. H er e, N IS T r ep or ts t ha t d ou bl in g t he f ue l l oa d o n t he 8 th f lo or r es ul te




v is ua l e vi de nc e. ( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p . 3 82 , p ar a. 5 , s en t. 1 -3 ) C on fu si ng ly , N IS T a ls o r ep or ts t ha t d ec re as in g t he f ue l l oa d b y m or e t haf ir e p r og re ss io n. ” ( I d. , p ar a. 6 , s en t . 1 - 3)

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : N IS T’ s c on tr ad ic to ry s ta te me nt s r ai se t he q ue st io n o f w hy r ed uc in g t he f ue l l oa d b y m or e t ha n o ne -t progres s ion on the 12th floor, when doubling the fuel load on the 8th floor did res ult in an appreciable change.

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: N IS T s ho ul d e xp la in h er e e xa ct ly w ha t t he d if fe re nc es i n t he f ir e p ro gr es si on r at e w er e i n e ac h c as e a ndi mp or ta nt , h ow ev er , i s t he d ir ec t c on tr ad ic ti on b et we en N IS T’ s s ta te me nt t ha t t he “ sp re ad r at e w as a bo ut o ne -t hi rd t o o ne -h al f s lo(NCSTAR 1-9, p. 381, para. 3, sent. 3) with its statement that decreasing the fuel load to a value equal to that of the lower floors “s

( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p . 3 82 , p ar a. 6 , s en t. 1 -3 ) S ur el y N IS T c an se e t hi s d ir ec t c on tr ad ict io n. O n p ag e 3 81 , i t i s cl ai med t hat h ig her f ue l l oc la im ed t ha t a l ow er f ue l l oa d w il l n ot s pe ed u p t he r at e o f f ir e p ro gr es si on . T hi s c on tr ad ic ti on m us t b e r ec on ci le d.

F ir e S im ul at io ns f or F lo or s 1 1 a nd 1 3

NIST us ed the data generated by its 12th floor fire s imulation for floors 11 and 13. (NC STAR 1-9, p. 382, para. 1, 3) The 13th floor hour because v isual ev iden ce in di cated tha t t he 13t h f lo or f ir e f oll owed th e 12 th fl oor f ire. ( Id ., par a. 3 , sen t. 5) T he 1 1th f loo r simua lt ho ug h t he v is ua l e vi de nc e i nd ic at ed t ha t t he 1 1t h f lo or f ir e w as d el ay ed f ro m t he 1 2t h f lo or f ir e b y 1 .5 h ou rs. ( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p . 3

C OM ME NT : O ur f ir st c om me nt i n t hi s r eg ar d s im pl y n ot es t he d is cr ep an cy b et we en t he v is ua l e vi de nc e t ha t t he 1 1t h f lo or f ir e w af ir e s im ul at io ns f or t he 1 1t h f lo or , i t w as o nl y d el ay ed f ro m t he 1 2t h f lo or f ir e b y 1 .0 h ou r.

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : T hi s r ep re se nt s y et a no th er d is cr ep an cy i n t he R ep or t t ha t n ee ds t o b e r ec ti fi ed .

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: N IS T m us t e xp la in w hy t he v is ua l e vi de nc e w as n ot r el ie d u po n f or i np ut s o n t he 1 1t h f lo or , w he n i t w am od el s s ho ul d b e r e- ru n w it h t he 1 1t h f lo or f ir e d el ay ed b y 1 .5 h ou rs , n ot 1 .0 h ou r, a nd t he r es ul ts r ep or te d a cc or di ng ly .

C OM ME NT : Ou r seco nd com men t con cer ns bo th t he 11t h and 1 3t h fl oo r f ir es. As we dem onst rate d a bov e, th e 12t h f loo r f ir e simov er es ti mat es t he f ir es t ha t we re pr ese nt t her e. B y u si ng it s g ro ssl y o ve rest ima te d 12 th f loo r f ir e da ta on b ot h t he 11 th an d 13 th f l

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : B y m ag ni fy in g a n o bv io us e rr or b y t hr ee t im es , t he r es ul ts o f a ll o f N IS T’ s s ub se qu en t c om pu te r m o

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: T he c om pu te r m od el s s ho ul d b e r e- ru n f or t he 1 2t h f lo or u si ng m or e r ea li st ic f ir e s ce na ri os , a nd i f N IS T13th floors , it s hould us e that more realis tic data on both floors . The res ults s hould then be reported accordingly.

C OM ME NT : O ur t hi rd c om me nt c on ce rn s t he p ro pa ga ti on o f e rr or t hr ou gh N IS T’ s a pp ro ac h t o u si ng a p ur el y c om pu te r m od el d ri

sen t. l ast ) NI ST ack no wl ed ges t ha t i ts co mp ut er mo del s f or th e fi res on fl oor s 11 an d 13 “co ul d ha ve l ed t o a mi ld ov er est im at e of

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT A ND S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: I n o rd er t o a ss ur e p ub li c c on fi de nc e i n t he d oc um en t, N IS T m us t e xp propagate its elf throughout all of NIST’s s ubs equent computer models , and how s uch propagation of error will affect the reliabilitinclude s uch a propagation of error analys is .

C ha pt er 1 1: S t ru ct ur al A na ly si s o f I n it i al F ai lu r e E v en t

S ec ti on 1 1. 4 – S tr uc tu ra l R es po ns e t o C as e B a nd C as e C F ir es

C OM ME NT : I n S ec ti on 1 1. 4 ( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p . 5 23 -5 32 ), NI ST g oe s t hr ou gh a d et ai led c om par iso n o f t he s tr uc tu ra l r es po ns e o f t hesce na ri os . C ase B u se d g as t emp er at ur es t hat wer e 10 % hi ghe r t ha n C ase A , w hi le C ase C u se d g as t emp er at ur es t ha t wer e 10 % lis s hown or dis cus s ed for C as e A.

O n p ag e 5 33 o f N CS TA R 1 -9 ( pa ra . 1 , s en t. 1 ) N IS T m ak es t he u ns up po rt ed a ss er ti on t ha t “ co mp ar is on o f C as e B a nd C as e C r es us tr uc tu ra l r es po ns e w ou ld b e n ea rl y i de nt ic al t o t he C as e B s tr uc tu ra l r es po ns e a t a t im e b et we en 4 .0 h a nd 4 .5 h .” H ow ev er , w he nC s tr uc tu ra l r es po ns e w as n ot c ar ri ed o ut t o 4 .5 h ou rs . I ns te ad , w e s ee t ha t t he r es po ns e o f C as e C a t 4 .0 h w as s om ew ha t s im il ar ti t e xt ra po la te d t he C as e C d am ag e t o 4 .5 h ou rs , w he n i t w as u si ng l ow er t em pe ra tu re s i n C as e C t ha n i n C as e B .

A ls o, n o d et ai le d a na ly si s i s d is cl os ed f or t he C as e A t em pe ra tu re s. N IS T m us t i nc lu de t hi s d at a g en er at ed b y C as e A t em pe ra tu rw he th er C as e A p ro fi le s s ho ul d b e u se d i n t he s ub se qu en t L S- DY NA m od el .

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : M os t i mp or ta nt i s t he f ac t t ha t N IS T’ s u se o f t he s tr uc tu ra l r es po ns e t o o nl y C as e B t em pe ra tu re s i ne xa mp le o f N IS T c ho os in g i np ut d at a t ha t w ou ld t en d t o o ve re st im at e t he t em pe ra tu re s a nd s tr uc tu ra l d am ag e c au se d d ur in g t he

before with res pect to gros s overes timates of combus tible loads on floors 11, 12 and 13. Thes e happen to be the exact floors on wmod el . Wh y di d NIS T n ot u se t he C ase A an d C ase C str uctu ra l re sp on se i n th e L S-D YNA mod el? Or , i f it d id , why d id i t not rep

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS ION : T he f in al r ep or t m ust b e r ev ise d t o co rr ec t t hi s e rr or . I f C as e A a nd C ase C s tr uc tu ral r es po nse s w er e n er e- ru n a nd t he r es ul ts r ep or te d t o t he s ci en ti fi c c om mu ni ty a nd t he A me ri ca n p eo pl e. T hi s i s e sp ec ia ll y t ru e i n l ig ht o f t he f ac t t ha tg lo ba l b ui ld in g c ol la ps e i n t he L S- DY NA m od el .




C ha pt er 1 2: W T C G lo ba l C ol la ps e A na ly si s

S e ct i on 1 2. 5 .3 – C o ll a ps e T i me

C OM ME NT : T hi s c om me nt c on ce rn s N IS T’ s e st im at io n o f t he t im e i t t oo k f or t he W TC 7 s tr uc tu re t o f al l. S pe ci fi ca ll y, t hi s c on ceh yp ot het ic al f re e- fa ll t im e. ( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p . 5 95 ; N CS TA R 1 A, p . 4 0- 41 ) B asi cal ly , N IS T t oo k t wo d at a p oi nt s, a nd a ss um ed a c oda ta p oi nt was al leg ed ly t ake n a t t he t im e t he t op of t he p ar ape t w al l o n t he r oof li ne o f th e n or th f ace b eg an d esc en di ng . T he s ec owas no lo nger v isib le in C amer a 3. NI ST cl aim s t hat the ti me it tak es f or th e bu il din g t o fal l thi s di stan ce, 2 42 feet , is 5 .4 seconds,i s g iv en f or t hi s t im e e st im at e.

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : M em be rs o f t hi s g ro up h av e c on du ct ed a n i nd ep en de nt a na ly si s o f t he C am er a 3 f oo ta ge a nd c om e tt im e. O ur a na ly si s w as d on e o n a f ra me -b y- fr am e b as is u si ng a f ra me r at e o f 2 9. 97 f ra me s p er s ec on d. A s s ho wn i n t he f ig ur e b el ot he t op o f t he r oo fl in e t o d es ce nd o ut o f v ie w o f C am er a 3 . T hi s t im e m at ch es a lm os t e xa ct ly t he f re e- fa ll t im e.

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: N IS T m us t r ev is e i ts R ep or t t o s ho w t he e xa ct f ra me s i t u se d f ro m C am er a 3 i n d et er mi ni ng t he t im e i t t ot o b e a g ro ss o ve re st im at e. T he f ra me s w e u se d i n o ur c ol la ps e a na ly si s a re s ho wn b el ow ( ti me s “ t + X s ec on ds ” r ef er en ce t he t im eg ra ph ic al a na ly si s o f h ow w e d et er mi ne d w hi ch f ra me r ep re se nt ed t he o ns et o f g lo ba l c ol la ps e:

M em be rs o f t hi s gr ou p h av e us ed t he P hys ic s T oo lk it co mpu ter so ft wa re t o p lot Ve loc it y vs . C ol lap se T im e u si ng di sc ret e d at a p NIST calls C amera 2. This plot is reproduced below and provides a much more detailed look at the dynamics of the WTC 7 collap

A ls o i nc lu de d i n t he g ra ph i s a l in ea r r eg re ss io n f or a pp ro xi ma te ly 2 .6 s ec on ds o f t he c ol la ps e t ha t a pp ea rs t o h av e a c on st an t a cct hi s p or ti on o f t he c ol la ps e w as a pp ro xi ma te ly c on st an t a t a bo ut 9 .8 m /s /s , o r a cc el er at io n d ue t o g ra vi ty w it h l it tl e t o n o r es is ta nc

a na ly si s w as 0 .9 93 1 – a v er y g oo d f it . T hi s c le ar ly d em on st ra te s t ha t N IS T i s b ei ng e xt re me ly m is le ad in g i n r ep or ti ng t o t he p ub lie sp e ci a ll y g i ve n t h e i m pl i ca t io n s o f t h is d o cu m en t ed f e at u re o f W T C 7 ’ s d e st r uc t io n .

C h ap t er 8 : I n it i at i ng E v en t H y po t he si s

I n co n si s te n ci e s B e tw e en R e po r t a n d N I ST T e ch n ic al P r es e nt a ti o n S l id e s

COMM ENT: On page 353 of NC STAR 1-9 ( par a. 1, sent. 9) NIST states that “Buckling of other f loor beams f ollowed as shown i na nd r oc ki ng o f t he g ir de r o ff i ts s ea t a t C ol um n 7 9 a s s ho wn i n F ig ur e 8 -2 7( b) .” S li de 3 3 o f D r. S un de r’ s A ug us t 2 6, 2 00 8 t ec hn ic alf a il e d t h e c o nn e ct i on a t C o lu m n 7 9 , t h en p u sh ed t h e g i rd er o f f t h e s e at . ” ( h tt p :/ / wt c .n i st . go v /m e di a /W T C7 _ Te ch n ic a l_ B ri e fi n g_ 0 8

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : T he re se em s t o b e a n i nc on si st en cy i n w ha t N IS T i s t el li ng t he p ub li c. I n t he R ep or t i t s ee ms a s i f t ht o t he e as t. I n D r. S un de r’ s p re se nt at io n, t he f lo or b ea ms a pp ea r t o r em ai n r ig id a nd p us h t he g ir de r o ff i ts s ea t t o t he w es t. T he se

d et e rm i ne w hi c h s t or y N I ST a ct u al l y b el i ev e s.

S UG GE S TE D R E VI S IO N: N IS T m us t r ec on ci l e t he d if f er en ce b et we en i ts p ub li c p re se nt at i on a nd t he s ub st an ce o f t h e R ep or t .

“ P er f ec t ly F i xe d” E x te r io r C o lu m ns a nd R i gi d F l oo r B e am s

C OM ME NT : O n p ag e 35 0 o f N CS TA R 1 -9 ( pa ra . 2 ) t he e xt er ior co lu mn s an d c ol um n 4 4 w er e mo de le d as “p er fe ct ly f ix ed ” a t a n un or th ea st c or ne r o f t he b ui ld in g. T hi s c om pu te r m od el w as p ur po rt in g t o d em on st ra te t ha t t he rm al e xp an si on c ou ld c au se t he g ir de

beams were to elongate due to thermal expans ion, it would expand in both axial directions . This , in turn, would put pres s ure on w

R E AS ON F O R C O MM E NT : T o t he e xt en t “ pe rf ec t ly f i xi ng ” t he e xt er io r c ol um ns a nd c ol u mn 4 4 c au se d t he c om pu te r m od el N ewc ol um ns d ue t o t he rm al e xp an si on , t he c om pu te r m od el d oe s n ot r ep re se nt r ea li ty . T he e xt er io r c ol um ns s ho ul d h av e b ee n a ll ow eu nc le ar w he th er t he f lo or b ea ms w er e a ll ow ed t o s ag a s t he y h ea te d i n t he c om pu te r m od el . I n N IS T’ s r ep or t o n t he T wi n T ow er s,

sagging floor beams. If NIST did not allow the floor beams to sag in its WTC 7 model, then it did not allow any of the thermal exthe connections . Even the C ardington tes ts cited by NIST s howed that floor beams to s ag when they are heated.

S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: N IS T m us t m or e c le ar ly e xp la in h ow t he t he rm al e xp an si on o f t he f lo or b ea ms i n b ot h a xi al d ir ec ti on s wf ix in g” t he e xt er io r c ol um ns c au se d a ll o f t he t he rm al e xp an si on t o o cc ur i n o ne d ir ec ti on , t he c om pu te r m od el s n ee ds t o b e m od if it he e xt er na l c ol um ns . A ls o, i f t he f lo or b ea ms a nd g ir de rs w er e n ot a ll ow ed t o s ag a s t he y h ea te d, t he re i s a f un da me nt al d is co nn ea nd 2 c om pu te r m od el s. T he c om pu te r m od el s s ho ul d b e r e- ru n w it h a pp ro pr ia te r ev is io ns m ad e t o t he f lo or b ea m p ro pe rt ie s, w hi

T em p er a tu r es A p pl i ed t o B ea m s a nd G ir d er s

C OM ME NT : I n F igu re 8 -2 5 on p .3 52 o f N CS TA R 1 -9 , N IS T a ppl ies t em per at ur es o f 6 00 °C a nd 5 00 °C t o t he f lo or be am s a nd g ir dP ut ti ng a si de f or a m om en t t he f ac t t ha t a pp ly in g t ha t m uc h h ea t o ve r a 2 .6 s ec on d t im e i nt er va l c ou ld n ot p os si bl y a pp ro xi ma te t hF or e xa mp le , t he se e xt re me t em pe ra tu re s w er e a pp li ed u ni fo rm ly f or a ll n od es o f t he b ea ms a nd g ir de rs . ( NC ST AR 1 -9 , p . 3 51 )

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT : O n p ag e 4 52 o f NC ST AR 1 -9 , NI ST o nl y r ep or ts t ha t s om e “ se ct io ns” o f t he f lo or b eam s ex ce ed ed 6 0m od el s s ho w u ni fo rm t em pe ra tu re s o f 6 00 °C f or f lo or b ea ms a nd v ir tu al ly n o i nf or ma ti on i s g iv en f or t em pe ra tu re s o f g ir de rs . A gae xt r em el y s ma ll a mo un t o f t i me , w hi ch i s n ot r e pr es en ta ti ve o f a n a ct ua l f i re .




S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: R un t he c om pu te r m od el s f or t he n or th ea st s ec ti on o f f lo or s a ga in u si ng r ea li st ic t em pe ra tu re s a nd r ea li

O nl y H i gh E x pl o si v es C o ns i de re d i n H yp o th e ti c al B l as t E v en t

C OM ME NT : I n it s ana ly sis o f “h yp ot het ical b last sce nar ios” t hat mi gh t ha ve l ead t o th e col lapse o f W TC 7, NI ST o nl y co nsi der s(NC STAR 1-9, p. 355, last s entence) NIST goes on to argue that becaus e no loud sounds wer e heard, and because no window bred ow n W TC 7 .

R EA SO N F OR C OM ME NT A ND S UG GE ST ED R EV IS IO N: H ow ev er , a s d oc um en te d b y K ev in R ya n a t t he J ou rn al o f 9 /1 1 S tu di es( h t tp : / /w w w .j o u rn a l of 9 1 1s t u di e s .c o m /v o l um e / 20 0 8 /R y a n_ N I ST _ a nd _ N an o - 1. p d f) m a n y s c ie n t is t s w o r ki n g f o r a n d a s s oc i a te d w i to r n an ot he rm it es , t ha t h av e t he p ot en ti al t o b e u se d f or b ui ld in g d em ol it io ns . A nd b ec au se n an ot he rm it es a re p ri ma ri ly h ig h- te mpc au se d am ag e t o s te el s tr uc tu re s w it ho ut p ro du ci ng t he s ou nd a nd d es tr uc ti on l ev el s a ss oc ia te d w it h R DX . B ec au se N IS T p er so ns ho ul d r ev is e i ts r ep or t t o s pe ci fi ca ll y a na ly ze w he th er s uc h n an oe ne rg et ic m at er i al s c ou ld h av e b ee n u se d a s a c om po ne nt i n a “

F ur th er mo re , t he N at io na l F ir e P ro te ct io n A ss oc ia ti on M an ua l f or f ir e a nd e xp lo si on i nv es ti ga ti on s, i n S ec ti on 9 21 , v er y c le ar ly i n been thoroughly inves tigated by NIST. Specifically in NFPA 921 18.3.2 “High Order Damage” – “High-order damage is characteri pulverized debris . Walls , roofs , and s tructural members are s plintered or s hattered, with the building completely demolis hed. DebH ig h- or de r d am ag e i s t he r es ul t o f r ap id r at es o f p re ss ur e r is e. ” W TC 7 c le ar ly m et t hi s d ef in it io n. T he re fo re N IS T s ho ul d h av e i nw er e u se d. S pe ci fi ca ll y, t he u se o f “ ex ot ic a cc el er an ts ” s ho ul d h av e b ee n i nv es ti ga te d. I n N FP A 9 21 1 9. 2. 4 – “ Ex ot ic A cc el er an ts ,a t ho ro ug h i nv es ti ga ti on i nt o t he p os si bl e u se o f “ ex ot ic a cc el er an ts ,” s pe ci fi ca ll y a s s ta te d i n t he g ui de li ne , “ Th er mi te m ix tu re s. ”d eb ri s f ro m W TC 7 f or t he rm it e r es id ue s a nd r ep or t t he r es ul ts t o t he s ci en ti fi c c om mu ni ty .

O mi ss io ns f ro m t he N IS T R ep or t

F o r ek n o wl e d ge o f C o l la p s e

NIST omitted from the R eport information relating to foreknowledge by s everal groups of people that WTC 7 was going to collap

What we mean by foreknowledge is a quality of detail and a strength of conviction that allow us to say, in light of the building’s ca dv an ce t ha t i t w as c om in g d ow n.

S uc h k no wl ed ge i s h ig hl y s ig ni fi ca nt i n l ig ht o f t he f ac ts t ha t ( a) n o s te el f ra me d s ky sc ra pe r i n h is to ry ( in de ed , N IS T s ay s, “ no t al la lo ne ; a nd ( b) t he c ol la ps e, a cc or di ng t o N IS T, w as t he r es ul t o f a s er ie s o f a cc id en ta l a nd u np re di ct ab le f ac to rs , w hi ch d id n ot c o

building until minutes , or pos s ibly even s econds , before the collaps e took place.

I n a ny s it ua ti on w he re s om eo ne d em on st ra te s f or ek no wl ed ge o f a n e xt re me ly u nu su al e ve nt , t he p os si bi li ty m us t b e c on si de re d to v e r t h e ev e n t . I n o t he r w or d s , fo r e k no w l e dg e o f W T C 7 ’ s c o l l ap s e gr e a t ly s t r en g t h en s o ur s u sp i c i on s t h at t h e b u i l di n g wa s s ub ji ts d em is e d er iv ed u lt im at el y f ro m t ho se w ho i nt en de d t o b ri ng i t d ow n.

NIST has tried to evade the is s ue of foreknowledge of WTC ’s collaps e by implying:

(a) that the FDNY, on the scene, saw the damage to the building caus ed by the collapse of W TC 1 and rationally concluded that

F ro m N IS T N CS TA R 1 A, p .1 6:

“ Th e e me rg en cy r es po nd er s q ui ck ly r ec og ni ze d t ha t W TC 7 h ad b ee n d am ag ed b y t he c ol la ps e o f W TC 1 .. .

As e arl y as 11: 30 a. m. , FD NY r eco gn ized t ha t th er e wa s no wa ter com in g o ut o f t he hyd rant sy stem t o fi gh t t he fi res t ha t wer e v isi

t he re w as c on ce rn t ha t W TC 7 t oo m ig ht c ol la ps e. .. ”

( b) t ha t a n e ng in ee r, e ar ly i n t he d ay , s aw t he d am ag e t o t he b ui ld in g a nd c on cl ud ed i t m ig ht c ol la ps e, p as si ng o n t hi s a ss es sm en td is cu ss io n w it h G ra em e M ac Qu ee n o n C KN X R ad io , W in gh am , O nt ar io , A ug . 2 5, 2 00 8)

It is true that damage to WTC 7 was directly witnessed by some firefighters and led a few of them (about seven) to worry that the( ap pr ox im at el y 5 0) w ho w er e w or ri ed a bo ut c ol la ps e d id n ot b as e t hi s w or ry o n w ha t t he y p er ce iv ed b ut o n w ha t t he y w er e t ol d. ( SC ol la pse W ar ni ng s i n t he F DNY O ra l H is to ri es ”, Jo ur na l o f 9 /1 1 S tu di es, J un e 1 1, 2 00 8) M or eo ve r, w hi le i t i s a pp ar en tl y a ls o t ru eday , th at t he bui ldi ng mi ght co ll apse , nei th er t hi s c omm un ica ti on n or co mm uni cat ions f rom th e FDN Y i s su ffi ci ent t o ex pl ain t he

B el ow a re s ev en r ea so ns w hy t he a bo ve N IS T e xp la na ti on s o f f or ek no wl ed ge a re i na de qu at e. O ne e xa mp le i s g iv en t o i ll us tr at e e paper by Graeme MacQueen titled “Waiting for Seven: WTC 7 C ollapse Warnings in the FDNY Oral His tories ” publis hed at the J(http://www.journalof911studies.com/volume/200701/MacQueenWaitingforSeven...).

1. C ertainty To worry that a damaged building might collapse in s ome fas hion is one thing; but to be certain that it will collapse isshows that over half of those who received warnings of WTC 7’s collapse (where degree of certainty can be determined from thew as c om in g d ow n. ( Th e f ig ur es a re : 3 1 o ut o f 5 8. S ee “ Wa it in g f or S ev en ”. )




2. Early announcement If someone was obs erving the fires in WTC 7 and was able to determine, in the last few moments of the buw as b eg in ni ng t o t hr ea te n t he b ui ld in g, t ha t w ou ld b e o ne t hi ng ; b ut t o r ec ei ve w ar ni ng s o f t he b ui ld in g’ s c ol la ps e w el l b ef or e t his us pi ci on s. Y et a d et ai le d s tu dy o f t he F DN Y r ep or ts s ho w t ha t o f t he 3 3 c as es w he re t he t im e o f w ar ni ng c an b e d et er mi ne d, i n t ead va nc e an d i n s ix ca ses w ar ni ng s we re ap pa ren tly r ec ei ve d f our o f mo re h ou rs i n ad van ce. ( See “ Wai ti ng f or S ev en .”) I n o the rhad come together to caus e the building’s collaps e, the collaps e was being s poken of widely.

3. Pr eci si on I f t he co lla pse war ni ng s de riv ed fr om v ag ue w or ri es a nd con ce rns t hey w ou ld no t h av e b een pr ec ise. N o b ui ldi ng h adc om pl et e c ol la ps e s uc h a s h ap pe ne d t o W TC 1 , W TC 2 , a nd W TC 7 w as v er y r ar e, a pa rt f ro m c as es o f c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n. T ha t9/ 11 , sp eak in g of on e of th e To wer s, "An y t im e I 've h ear d o f a co ll ap se, i t w as nev er an en ti re bu il din g l ik e th is t ur ned o ut t o b e."

c om pl et e c ol la ps e, m an y p eo pl e a pp ar en tl y k ne w i n a dv an ce t ha t W TC 7 w ou ld b e u nd er go in g s uc h a c ol la ps e. C on si de r t he f ol lo

Q . " We re y ou t he re w he n b ui ld in g 7 c am e d ow n i n t he a ft er no on ?" A . " Ye s. " Q . " Yo u w er e s ti ll t he re ?" A . " Ye s, s o b as ic al ly t he yso we k ne w ex act ly wh er e we c ou ld st an d. " Q. "S o t hey j us t p ut yo u i n a saf e ar ea, s af e en ou gh f or whe n t ha t b ui ldi ng cam e do wE xa ct ly r ig ht o n p oi nt , t he c lo ud s to pp ed r ig ht t he re ." ( Se e “ Wa it in g f or S ev en .” )

4 . N ew i nf or ma ti on I f t he c ol la ps e w ar ni ng s d er iv ed f ro m w or ri es a nd c on ce rn s e xp re ss ed e ar ly i n t he d ay b y e ng in ee rs a nd f ir ef igr ep or te d b y C NN ( on e h ou r a nd 1 0 m in ut es i n a dv an ce ) a nd B BC ( 23 m in ut es i n a dv an ce ) a s b re ak in g n ew s b as ed o n j us t r ec ei ve dg et ti ng i nf or ma ti on n ow .” C NN a nc ho r J ud y W oo dr uf f: “ We ’r e h ea ri ng f or t he f ir st t im e” ( Se e A pp en di x. ) B BC a nc ho r: “ We ’v e g

5 . P re ma tu re a nn ou nc em en t C NN a nd t he B BC d id n ot m er el y r ep or t t ha t t he b ui ld in g w as d am ag ed o r t ha t i t m ig ht c ol la ps e; t he y

C NN ’s A ar on B ro wn , o ne h ou r a nd t en m in ut es i n a dv an ce o f t he c ol la ps e: “ We a re g et ti ng i nf or ma ti on n ow t ha t o ne o f t he o th er

compl ex , i s on f ir e and h as ei ther col lapsed or i s coll ap si ng.. .” B BC anchor , 23 minu tes bef ore the col lapse: “the S alomo n B rot hersh a s al s o c ol l a p s ed . ” No s a t is f a c t or y e x p la n a t i on h a s b e e n fo r t h c om i n g a bo u t t he s e p re m a t u re a n n ou n c e m en t s , wh i c h we r e o bv i o

6. C ont in ui ty T he B BC c on ti nu ed t o an nou nce t hat W TC 7 ha d co ll ap se d, ev en wh en th e b uil di ng co ul d b e see n s ta ndi ng d ir ect lythe s tory was pulled abruptly.

W he n C NN p er so nn el r ea li ze d t he y h ad m ad e a n e rr or i n t he ir e ar ly a nn ou nc em en t, t he y c ou ld s im pl y h av e c or re ct ed i t. T he y c ouW TC 7 a nd s to pp ed c ov er in g i t s in ce i t w as o bv io us ly s ti ll s ta nd in g. I ns te ad , C NN c on ti nu ed t o k ee p W TC 7 i n t he f or ef ro nt o f ic ol la ps e, r ep ea te dl y w ar ni ng t ha t i t w as g oi ng t o c om e d ow n a nd k ee pi ng t he i ma ge o f t he b ui ld in g i n f ro nt o f t he v ie we r u nt il i t h

7 . P ro gr es si on A cc or di ng t o N IS T’ s s tu dy , W TC 7 ’s f ir es h ad b ee n r ed uc ed f ro m t en f lo or s, s oo n a ft er t he c ol la ps e o f W TC 1 , t oT hi s w as a b ui ld in g i n w hi ch t he f ir es w er e a ct ua ll y d yi ng d ow n. W hy , t he n, d id C NN s ho w a wa re ne ss o f t he b ui ld in g’ s a pp ro ac hf ro m “ ma y c ol la ps e” t o “ po is ed t o c ol la ps e” ( ap pr ox im at el y 1 5 m in ut es b ef or e a ct ua l c ol la ps e) a nd t he n t o “ on v er ge o f c ol la ps e”

(Appendix)

A ny o ne o f t he se s ev en f ac to rs w ou ld b e e no ug h t o m ak e u s c on si de r t he p os si bi li ty o f f or ek no wl ed ge o f W TC 7 ’s c ol la ps e. T ak

A s f ur th er s up po rt , b el ow w e h av e p ro vi de d a t im el in e o f e ve nt s b as ed o n C NN ’s c ov er ag e o f B ui ld in g 7 . T he t im es i n t he l ef t- ha n

The NIST R eport should be revised to include a detailed analysis of all of the reports of specific foreknowledge of the collapse ofc ha ll en ge d w it h r ep or ts l ik e t hi s d ur in g r ad io i nt er vi ew s r ec en tl y h as s ta te d t ha t N IS T’ s i nv es ti ga ti on w as n ot a c ri mi na l i nv es ti ga

pos ition belies the fact that NIST did opine in the R eport that the controlled demolition hypothes is was unlikely becaus e NIST di being detected. Such an opinion is not a technical opinion, but an operational one that goes more to logis tically how a criminal cod on e. C le ar ly N IS T c ou ld c on si de r t he m an y r ep or ts o f f or ek no wl ed ge a nd n ot e t he i mp os si bi li ty o f s uc h s pe ci fi c a nd d et ai le d f or

F EM A B ui l di ng P er fo r ma nc e S tu dy – A pp en di x C

T he N IS T W TC 7 R ep or t d oe s n ot a tt em pt t o e xp la in t he “ se ve re h ig h- te mp er at ur e c or ro si on a tt ac k” o n a pp ar en tl y t he o nl y p ie ceA pp en di x C , “ Li mi te d M et al lu rg ic al E xa mi na ti on ” o f t he F ed er al E me rg en cy M an ag em en t A ge nc y ( FE MA ) B ui ld in g P er fo rm an cewebs ite.

http://wtc.nist.gov/media/AppendixC-fema403_apc.pdf

The detailed further study deemed necessary by FEMA was – as far as we know - never done, and the obs erved “intergranular mf ra me wo rk o f t he p re se nt N IS T h yp ot he si s. W hy w ou ld N IS T i gn or e t he r ec om me nd at io ns m ad e b y F EM A i nv es ti ga to rs f or a dd it

I n a t ap ed i nt er vi ew W or ce st er P ol yt ec hn ic I ns ti tu te F ir e E ng in ee ri ng p ro fe ss or D r. J on at ha n B ar ne tt , o ne o f t he a ut ho rs o f t he 1 3n or ma l i nv es ti ga ti ve p ro to co l w as n ot f ol lo we d i n t he c as e o f t he W TC 7 c ol la ps e. H e s ay s t ha t t he s te el f ro m W TC 7 w as n ot p hr em ov ed . T he c om me nt s h e m ak es a re a t t he 3 :0 0 m in ut e m ar k i n t he b el ow l in ke d v id eo .

http://www.911podcasts.com/display.php?cat=9998&med=0&ord=Name&strt=180&...

I t i s r ep or te d t ha t W TC 7 w as f ul ly e va cu at ed l on g b ef or e i ts c ol la ps e a nd t ha t t he re w er e n o f at al it ie s o r m is si ng p er so ns i nv ol vet he c ol la ps ed W TC 7 t o h av e i ts d eb ri s f ie ld c on fi ne d t o w it hi n a s ho rt d is ta nc e o f i ts f oo tp ri nt .




In a ddi tio n to sh owi ng t he r ela ti vel y t ig ht co nf inem ent o f t he deb ri s fi el d of W TC 7, t he ph ot o in F ig ur e 2 also sh ows t hat d ebr is ffootprints or very nearby.

The F EM A repo rt debri s fiel d map f or the T win T owers, b el ow in Fig ure 3, shows that only a smal l per centage of the debris f ro ml i g h te r a r e as o n t h e m ap r e p r es e n t l ow d e b r i s d e n si t y a n d th e d a r ke r a r e as h i g h d eb r i s d e n si t y .

T he s ee mi ng s ep ar at io n o f t he W TC 7 d eb ri s f ie ld f ro m t ho se o f t he o th er b ui ld in gs , a nd t he f ac t t he re w er e n o m is si ng p er so ns o r acc ep t t he H is to ry C han ne l p rog ram n ar rat or’ s c om me nt , i n t he vi de o ab ov e, th at th e m in gl in g of t he st eel f ro m t he d if fe ren t b ui lr ea so ns f or t he r em ov al o f t he W TC 7 s te el , b ef or e i t c ou ld b e p ro pe rl y p ho to gr ap he d, e xa mi ne d, a nd c at al og ed , a t t he c ol la ps e s it

E ve n i f t he W TC 7 s te el w as m ov ed , w it ho ut b ei ng e xa mi ne d a nd c at al og ed a t t he s it e o f t he c ol la ps e, a n a dd it io na l q ue st io n a ri st es tin g, ev al ua ti on , an d a sy ste mat ic f or en si c an al ysi s. T hi s i s es pe ci al ly p er ti ne nt i n l ig ht o f t he F EM A r ec omm end at ion t hat a ddtheir very limited metallurgical examination.

I n t he Au gu st 2 00 8 NI ST dr af t R ep or t o n W TC 7 t he re i s no men tio n o f t est ing of any re co ver ed st eel fr om t he c ol laps ed r em ai nsst eel n eed to be d iscu sse d r ef er enc e i s cu rio usl y ma de t o W TC st eel sam ple s, n ot sp ec if ic al ly t ho se o f W TC 7 . T hi s can be u nd er sr ep or t NI ST m ad e t he st ar k ad mi ssi on t ha t “N o m et al log rap hy c ou ld be c ar ri ed o ut b eca use n o st ee l w as r eco ver ed f ro m W TC 7 .i n C ha pt er 8 f or t he W TC s te el s” .

Si nce th e NI ST r epo rt on t he c ol la pse of W TC 7 s uf fer s f ro m a l ac k of p hy si cal e vi den ce t o sup po rt it s f in di ng s, i t sh oul d g o in to s protocol was not followed, why none of the s teel was recovered, and whether any laws were violated in not doing s o. If there arer ec ov er y f or i nv es ti ga to ry p ur po se s, N IS T s ho ul d r ec om me nd t ha t a n i nv es ti ga ti on b e c om me nc ed t o d et er mi ne w ho w as i nv ol ven ot r ec ei ve a ny o f i t f or i ts i nv es ti ga ti on .

T he re a re a ls o s ev er al s ee mi ng ly c on tr ad ic to ry i ss ue s b et we en t he F EM A B ui ld in g P er fo rm an ce S tu dy A pp en di x C a nd t he N IS T provided, and they are:

NIST s tates "No s teel was recovered from WTC 7" while FEMA s ection C .2 s hows that at leas t one piece of WTC 7 s teel was tesh i gh l y u n us u al f o rm a ti o n o f a l i qu i d e u te ct i c, i n te r gr a nu l ar m e lt i ng , a n d e r os i on . F e at u re s n o t s ee n b e fo r e, b y t h e e x pe r ie n ce d i n ves ec ti on C .3 S um ma ry f or S am pl e 1 s ta te s t ha t t he s te el w as h ea te d t o a ro un d 1 ,0 00 ° C . ( 1, 80 0° F .) , w hi ch i s m uc h h ot te r t ha n t he s tc ol la ps e, a nd s ee mi ng ly f ar o ut si de t he a bi li ty o f o ff ic e f ir es t o h ea t t he s te el . A dd it io na ll y, t hi s s ec ti on s ta te s t ha t s te el l iq ue fi edw hi ch w ou ld d ra ma ti ca ll y l ow er t he u su al 2 75 0° F m el ti ng p oi nt t em pe ra tu re o f t he s te el . F EM A S ec ti on C .6 S ug ge st io ns f or F uti nt er gr an ul ar m el ti ng , e ut ec ti c f or ma ti on , a nd e ro si on p he no me no n s ta rt ed p ri or t o c ol la ps e a nd a cc el er at ed t he w ea ke ni ng o f t he

Why has n't the "future res earch" been done, and the res ults from it publis hed, es pecially when FEMA its elf s ugges ted that this NIST was charged with inves tigating the conditions that led to the collaps e of WTC 7, and clearly s omething that pos s ibly occurrt he s te el s tr uc tu re ” i s s om et hi ng N IS T s ho ul d h av e i nv es ti ga te d. N IS T s ho ul d r ev is e t he R ep or t a cc or di ng ly a ft er i t h as p er fo rm ec om me nt s o n t he N IS T W TC 7 R ep or t a re b ei ng s ub mi tt ed b y t he f ol lo wi ng i nd iv id ua ls :

J a me s R . G o ur l ey , E s q. C h em i ca l E n gi n ee r I n te r na t io n al C e nt e r f o r 9 / 11 S t ud i es j r pa t en t @g m ai l .c o m

T o ny S z am bo t i M ec ha ni c al E ng i ne er A r ch it e ct s & E n gi n ee rs f o r 9 / 11 T r ut h

R i ch ar d G ag e A I A A r ch i te ct A r ch i te ct s & E n gi ne er s f o r 9 / 11 T r ut h

G ra em e M ac Qu ee n, P h .D . S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T r ut h & J us ti ce

D r. S t ev en J on es P h. D . P hy si ci s t S &J S c ie nt i fi c C o .

K ev in R ya n C he mi st S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th & J us ti ce

D r. N ie ls H ar r it P h. D. C h em is tr y U ni ve rs it y o f C o pe nh ag en

R o n B r oo km an S tr u ct ur al E ng i ne er A r ch i te ct s & E n gi n ee r s f or 9 /1 1 T r ut h

C hr is S ar ns A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th

K am al O be id , S E P E S tr uc tu ra l E ng in ee r A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th

S co tt G ra in ge r, P E F or en si c E ng in ee r C iv il E n gi n ee r A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T r ut h

F r a nk L e g ge L o g is t i ca l S y s te m s C o n su l t in g

B ob F is ch er A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th

J us ti n K eo gh A rc hi te ct s & E ng in ee rs f or 9 /1 1 T ru th




D av id C h an dl e r A rc h it e ct s & E n gi ne er s f o r 9 / 11 T r ut h

G r e gg R o b e rt s g r e gg @ w tc 7 . ne t

1 5. P ub li c c om me nt s o n t he N IS T W TC 7 d ra ft r ep or t. S ub mi tt ed t o N IS T 0 9/ 11 /0 8.J o na t ha n C o l e P . E .

C BS S un da y M or ni ng f ea tu re s E d A sn er q ue st io ni ng 9 /1 1 a nd s ho wi ng W TC 7 ’s f re e f al l o n n at io na l t el ev is io n

M ore mass media breakthroughs:

C BS S un da y M or ni ng f ea tu re s E d A sn er

q ue st io ni ng 9 /1 1 a nd s ho wi ng W TC 7 ’s f r ee f al l

on national television~

F ox N ew s’ A ll an C ol me s a ls o c ov er s A sn er ’s

views on 9/11

Help us push this media wave even higher!

Dear AE911Truth Supporter,

Over the pas t s everal days you have helped us regain the s lipped ground at on P B S ’s w e bs i t e si nce we ac hi ev ed # 1 M os t W at ch eT el ev is io n ( C PT 1 2) ’ s s ho wi n g o f “9 / 11 : E x pl o si v e E v id e nc e – E x pe r ts S p ea k O u t.” Thank you s o much! As of thi s wr it ing, your efs po t, a ft er d ro pp in g f or a t im e t o # 8.

W e h av e al w a y s r e t a i ne d th e " 1 “ M o s t S h a r e d” s po t , su g g e st i n g t h a t p e o p l e w h o se e th e e xp l o s i ve e vi d e n ce a r e m u c h m o r e m o t iother PB S online previews and programs. That certainly does not surprise us … and it’s another point we can all make to help enc

We are as king you now to both celebrate and a c c e l e r a t e t wo a dd it io na l m ai ns tr ea m m ed ia b re ak th ro ug hs , b ot h i nv ol vi ng E d A sn e pres ident. As ner is a longtime s upporter of AE911Truth who narrated our hit YouTube mini-documentary,Architects & Engineers:S u nd ay M o rn i ng r a n R i ta B r av er ’ s i n te rv i ew o f A sn e r:




C B S S un d ay M o rn i ng ’ s eight-minute

interview with Ed Asner covered his

lifetime achievements, his current

stage show, and his political activism

– including Asner’s critical remarks

about the official account of 9/11

Architects & Engineers is now nearing 1 million views on YouTube. Click the image below to watch it and help carry us over the 1

Not only did C B S allow As ner to “hold the microphone” as he ques tioned the official account of 9/11. It als o broadcas t perhaps thc li p o f W TC 7 c om in g d ow n s mo ot hl y a nd s ym me tr ic al ly . W e b el ie ve t hi s i s t he f ir st t im e s in ce t he w ee k o f 9 /1 1/ 20 01 t ha t C BS h aA t t he t im e, C B S’ D an R at he r c om me nt ed o n i t s s im il ar i ty t o a c on tr ol le d d em ol it io n: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nvx904d

F ox N ew s a ls o i nt er vi ew ed A sn er o n A la n C ol me s' s ho w o n O ct ob er 2 :http://video.foxnews.com/v/1872110204001/ed-asners-controversial-views-/

T he i nt er vi ew s ta rt s t o c ov er 9 /1 1 a ro un d t he 6 :2 5 m ar k.

C om in g o n t he h ee ls o f t he P BS /C PT 12 b re ak th ro ug h, t he se m as s m ed ia v ic to ri es p ro vi de w el co me i f u ne xp ec te d o pp or tu ni ti es f ot he n ee d f or a r ea l i nv es ti ga ti on t o a n ew l ev el .

H el p U s C ar ry T he se V ic to ri es E ve n F u rt h er

F IR ST : W at ch A ll T hr ee P ro gr am L in k s a nd S en d T he m t o A ll Y ou r C on ta ct s

W a t c h t h e C B S S u n d a y M o r n i n g v id eo a t l ea st o nc e y ou rs el f b y c li ck in g h er e:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7V1ut3BDaZA

T he 9 /1 1 p or ti on b eg in s a ro un d t he 5 :4 5 m ar k.

W at ch t he F ox v id eo h er e:

http://video.foxnews.com/v/1872110204001/ed-asners-controversial-views-/

W at ch t h e C P T1 2/ P BS v i de o h er e:

http://www.cpt12.org/tv_schedule/program_details.cfm?series_id=66785954

Then shar e all three videos with your contacts , using the buttons near each video or by e-mailing thes e links with your own introdo n d oi ng t hi s w it h t he C PT 12 E xp er ts S pe ak O ut v id eo .

S EC ON D: T ha nk C BS a nd F ox a nd A sk T he m t o D o M or e

C ontact the producers of C B S S u n d a y M o r n i n g a n d Fox News Radio :

CBS Sunday M orning

R i t a B r a ve r , S e n io r C o r r es p on d e nt

http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-500499_162-31570.html?tag=contentMain;contentBody

I n r es po ns e t o B ra ve r’ s c om me nt t o A sn er a bo ut i nc om pe te nc e e xp la in in g t he f ai lu re s t o p ro te ct A me ri ca ns o n 9 /1 1, y ou m ig ht p o




how a modern steel skyscr aper not hit by a j etliner can come str aight down symmetr ically, i n fr eef all f or mor e than 100 f eet , merelyB ra ve r c an f in d m or e i nf or ma ti on a bo ut t hi s i n t he Architects & Engineers: Solving the Mystery of WTC 7 mini-documentary, a cli

Other C B S S u n d a y M o r n i n g contact information can be found at http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-3445_162-13558/about-us/.

T o r ea ch C B S N ew s g en er al ly , v i si t http://www.cbs news .com/htdocs /feedback/fb_news _form.s html?tag=ftr.

Fox News

http://help.foxnews.com/entries /500736-where-can-i-s end-s tory-ques tions -corrections -or-news -tips

T ha nk F ox f or l et ti ng A sn er i nf or m n et wo rk a ud ie nc es a bo ut l it tl e- kn ow n f ac ts a bo ut 9 /1 1 t hi s w ee k, a nd a sk t he m t o p ro vi de m or ed o a s to ry o n i t. P oi nt o ut t ha t F ox h as d on e n ot hi ng t o f ol lo w u p o n t hi s i ss ue s in ce N ov em be r 2 01 0, w he n G er al do R iv er a g av e a

petition s igner Tony Szamboti and 9/11 victim family member B ob McIlvaine. Geraldo s aid, “What caught my eye is their claim bya rc hi te ct s a nd e ng in ee rs e xa mi ne d t he e vi de nc e a bo ut B ui ld in g 7 a nd d is ag re e w it h t he o ff ic ia l r ep or t i ss ue d b y t he N at io na l I ns ti t

T HI RD : A sk Y ou r L oc al P BS S ta ti on t o S ho w Experts Speak Out

See o ur l as t a ct io n a le rt for ins tructions .

T h a n k y o u !

Richard Gage, AIA

and the Grateful AE911Truth Volunteers

P e nt a go n F l ig h t 7 7 F l as h R ev i ew M is si le w as a m is si le a tt ac k & watch 9/11 in plan

Wikipedia 9/11 excerpts

]

M i c ha e l R u p p er t B ar ri e Z wi ck er ,38]

p u b li s h ed c r i ti c i sm s French a u t h o r J ean-C harles B ris ard39]

a n d German a u t h o r s M a t hi a s B r ö c k

c ri ti ca l o f m ed i a r e po rt in g a nd T h e A ll P eo pl e' s C o al it io n. 42] I n O ct ob er 2 00 4, t he o r ga ni za ti on 9 / 1 1 T r u t h r eleased a statement, sig

people who peris hed on September 11, 2001, that calls for an inves tigation into the attacks . It als o as s erted that unans wered ques ti

o f P re si de nt G eo rg e W . B us h m ay h av e d el ib er at el y a ll ow ed t he a tt ac ks t o h ap pe n. A ct or E d w ar d A s n er , f o rm er p r es id en t ia l c a nd i d

McKinney, former as s is tant s ecretary of hous ing C atherine Aus tin Fitts, author R ichard Heinberg, Enver Mas ud, founder of The

of C alifornia, M a rk C r is pi n M i ll er o f N ew Y or k U ni ve rs it y, D ou gl as S tu rm o f B uc kn el l U ni ve rs it y, B ur ns H . W es to n o f t he U ni ve rs it

s t at e me n t. I n 2 0 09 , V a n J o ne s, a f or me r a dv is or t o P re si de nt O ba ma , s ai d h e h ad n' t f ul ly r ev ie we d t he s ta te me nt b ef or e h e s ig ne d a

ever.

I n 2 00 6, S te ve n E . J on es , w ho b ec am e a l ea di ng a ca de mi c v oi ce o f t he d em ol it io n t he or y, 2] pu bl is he d t he p ap er " Wh y I nd ee d D id t h

placed on paid leave by B r i gh a m Y o un g U n iv e rs i ty f ol lo wi ng w ha t t he y d es cr ib ed a s J on es 's " in cr ea si ng ly s pe cu la ti ve a nd a cc us at

o f h is s ta te me nt s a nd r es ea rc h. S ix w ee ks l at er , J on es r et ir ed f ro m t he u ni ve rs it y. 47]

I n t he s am e y ea r, 6 1 l eg is la to rs i n t he U .S . S ta te o f W is co ns in s ig ne d a p et it io n c al li ng f or t he d is mi ss al o f a Univers ity of Wis cons i

g r o u p Scholars for 9/11 Truth . C it in g academic freedom, the univers ity prov os t d e cl i ne d t o t a ke a ct i on a g ai n st B a rr e tt . 48] 49] 50]




S ev er al o rg an iz at io ns o f f am il y m em be rs o f p eo pl e w ho h av e d ie d i n t he a tt ac ks a re c al li ng f or a n i nd ep en de nt i nv es ti ga ti on i nt o t h

T r u t h m o v em e n t a c t iv i s t L o ri e V an A u ke n an d o th er s wh o h av e l ost f ri en ds o r r el at iv es i n t he at ta ck , ap pea le d t o th e C it y of Ne w Y

Y o r k C i t y C o a l i t i o n f o r A c c o u n t a b i l i t y N o w c ol le ct ed s ig na tu re s t o r eq ui re t he N ew Y or k C it y C ou nc il t o p la ce t he c re at io n o f a n i

ballot. The group collected more than enough s ignatures to put the propos al before the voters , but Supreme C ourt J us tice Edward

a ll ow ab le b y c it y l aw , a nd r ul ed t ha t, d es pi te w or di ng i n t he p et it io n t o a ll ow f or e le me nt s r ul ed i nv al id t o b e s tr ic ke n, i t w ou ld n ot b

9/11 Commission Report reaction

T o t he c on st er na ti on o f t he f am il ie s a nd a dh er en ts o f t he 9 /1 1 T ru th m ov em en t, m an y o f t he q ue st io ns t ha t t he 9/11 Family Steeringformer New J ers ey Governor T h om a s K ea n, w er e n ot a sk ed i n e it he r t he h ea ri ng s n or i n t he C om mi ss io n R ep or t. 55] L or ie V an A uk e

t he ir q ue st i on s w er e a ns we re d i n t he f i na l 9 /1 1 C o mm is si on R e po rt , p ub li sh ed J ul y 2 2, 2 00 4.

The 9/11 Family Steering C ommittee produced a webs ite s ummarizing the ques tions they had rais ed to the C ommis s ion, indicating

wh ich t he y b el ie ve ha d b een a ddr esse d b ut no t an sw er ed sa ti sf act or il y, an d w hi ch th ey b el ie ve ha d b ee n g en er al ly i gn or ed in o r o

I n a d di t io n , t h e 3 3 9- p ag e b o ok The 9/11 Commission Report: Omissions and Distortions by David R ay Griffin, claimed that the rep

providing 115 alleged examples. 57] 58] 59] H e h as c ha ra ct er i ze d t he 9 /1 1 C om m is si o n R ep o rt a s " a 5 71 - pa ge l i e" . 60]

O n M ay 2 6, 2 00 8 a dj un ct r el ig io us s tu di es p ro fe ss or B la ir G ad sb y b eg an a p ro te st a nd a h un ge r s tr ik e o ut si de t he o ff ic es o f Senato

McCain' s o ff ic e r eq ue st in g M cC ai n m ee t w it h t he p ri nc ip al s ci en ti st s a nd l ea de rs o f t he 9 /1 1 T ru th m ov em en t, sp ec if ic al ly R ic ha rd

w ri tt en t he f or ew or d t o t he b oo k Debunking 9/11 Myths: Why Conspiracy Theories Can't Stand Up to the Facts , p ub li sh ed b y t heS tat e S en at or Ka ren Jo hn so n j oi ned t he p rot est i n su pp or t. On Ju ne 1 0 J oh nso n wi th Ga ds by as he r g ue st a nd o the r 9 /1 1 T ru th m ov

t h e A r iz o na S t at e S e na t e e s p o u s i n g t h e c o n tr o l l ed d e m ol i t i on t h e or y and s upporting a reopening of the 9/11 inves tigation. 14]61] In

G ad sb y, a dd in g: " Be ca us e I d on 't t ak e w el l t o t hr ea ts ." 62]

9 /1 1 T ru th

9 / 1 1 T r u t h w as l au nc he d i n J un e 2 00 4 a nd h as b ec om e a c en tr al p or ta l f or m an y 9 /1 1 T ru th m ov em en t o rg an iz at io ns. I t i s r un b y J an

( I n te r n at i o na l C a m pa i g n A d v is o r ) a n d M i ke B e r ge r ( M ed i a C o or d i na t or ) , 91] among others , and its advis ory board includes Steven

o r ga n iz a ti o n c o -s p on so r ed o p in i on p o ll s c o nd u ct e d b y t h e U . S. m ar k et r e se a rc h a n d o p in i on p o ll i ng f i rm Zogby International that h

go ver nm ent di d no t te ll t he f ul l t rut h abo ut t he S ep tem ber 11 at tack s. Of t he pe opl e sur veyed , t hose i n lo wer edu cat io n and i nc ome

government accounts , rather than thos e in higher income/education brackets .

S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th

T h e o r i gi n al Scholars for 9/11 Truth , founded by J am e s H . F e tz er a n d S t e v e n J o n e s on December 15, 2005, was a group of individu

t he m ai ns tr ea m m ed ia a nd g ov er nm en t a cc ou nt o f t he S e pt e m be r 1 1 a t t ac k s. 3] 95] I ni ti al ly t he g ro up i nv it ed m an y id ea s an d hy po th

ca me t o f eel t hat t he i ncl usi on o f so me t heo ri es ad voc at ed b y F et zer —su ch as th e us e o f di re ct ed e ner gy w ea pon s o r sm all n ucl ear

i ns uf fi ci en tl y s up po rt ed b y e vi de nc e a nd w er e e xp os in g t he g ro up t o r id ic ul e. B y D ec em be r 2 00 6, J on es a nd s ev er al o th er s s et u p a

J us tice , w ho se f oc us w as i n t he u se o f t he s ci en ti fi c m et ho d i n a na ly si s. 96] T he or igi nal m em ber s t oo k a vo te o n wh ich gr oup t o j oi97] B y 2 00 7, J am es F et ze r h ad b ee n o pe nl y r ej ec te d b y t he 9 /1 1 T ru th M ov em en t, b an ne d f ro m a nd c ri ti ci ze d o n p op ul ar f or um s 98] 9

S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th & J us ti ce

S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th & J us ti ce ( ST J) f or me d i n J an ua ry 2 00 7 a nd i s a s el f- de sc ri be d " gr ou p o f s ch ol ar s a nd s up po rt er s e nd ea vo

S ep t em be r 1 1 , 2 0 01 a t ta c k t h ro u gh s ci e nt i fi c r e se a rc h a n d p u bl i c e d uc at i on " . 102] T he group is composed of more than 900 members,

Hoffman, David R ay Griffin, Peter Phillips, f o r me r C o n gr e ss m an Daniel Hamburg, an d Ke vi n R yan . M ost me mb er s s up po rt th e c on s

t h e t h ir d s k ys c ra p er , W T C 7 , w e re d es t ro y ed t h ro u gh explos ive demolition.

I n 2 00 8 an d 2 00 9, s ev er al S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th & J us ti ce m em be rs p ub li sh ed e ssa ys i n s ci en ce a nd e ng in ee ri ng j ou rn al s. I n A pr il

K ev i n R y an , A n th o ny S z am b ot i a nd J am e s G o ur l ey , w as p u bl i sh e d i n The Open Civil Engineering Journal . 104] I n J uly 2 008, a n a r

Environmental ist. 105] I n O ct ob er 2 00 8, a c om me nt b y S TJ m em ber J am es R . Go ur le y d es cr ib in g wh at h e c on si de rs f un da me nt al e rr

is s ue of the Journal of Engineering Mechanics . 106] And in April 2009, Danish chemist and STJ member Niels H. Harrit, of the Uni

a ls o S TJ m em be rs , p ub li sh ed a p ap er i n The Open Chemical Physics Journal , ti tl ed , 'Acti ve T hermi ti c Mat erial Discover ed in Dust

paper concludes that chips cons is ting of unreacted and partially reacted nano-thermite ( 'super- thermite') appear to be present in sa

9 /1 1 C it iz en s W at c h

Main article: 9/11 Citizens Watch




T he g ro up w as f or me d i n 2 00 2 b y J oh n J ud ge a nd K yl e H en ce a nd , a lo ng w it h t he Family Steering C ommittee, played an active role

a nd m o ni t or i ng t h e c o mm i ss i on c l os el y . 108]

9/11 Commission Campaign

F ou nd ed i n 2 01 1 b y S en at or Mike Gravel, the 9/11 C ommission C ampaign's objective is to enact s ubpoena-capable, s tate-level com

O r eg o n, A l as k a a n d C a li f o rn i a . 109] T he se c om mi ss io ns a re e nv is io ne d a s c it iz en -d ri ve n, i nd ep en de nt o rg an iz at io ns t ha t w ou ld f or

exercising joint powers authority.

Hispanic Victims Group

Main article: William Rodriguez

T he H is pa ni c V ic ti ms G ro up i s a g ro up c re at ed a ft er t he 9 /1 1 a tt ac ks , f ou nd ed b y William Rodriguez, 110] an adherent of the 9/11 Tr

behind the creation of the 9/11 C ommis sion. 108] W il li am R od ri gu ez , a s f ou nd er o f t he g ro up , w as a m em be r o f t he F am il ie s A dv is or

C orporation. 111]

Conferences

M em be rs o f t he 9 /1 1 t ru th o rg an iz at io ns , s uc h a s 9 11 tr ut h. or g a nd S ch ol ar s f or 9 /1 1 T ru th a nd J us ti ce , r eg ul ar ly h ol d m ee ti ng s a nd

a n d t o s t ra t e g iz e a b o ut h o w b e s t t o ac h i e ve t h e i r g o al s . M a n y o f t he s e c o nf e r e n ce s a r e o r ga n i z ed b y 9 1 1 t r ut h . o rg , a n d s o me h a v e b

D et ai ls T he se d oc um en ta ri es p re se nt a r an ge of a lt er nat ive t he or ie s a bo ut h ow t he a tt ac ks m ig

9 /1 1 P re ss f or T ru th ( 20 06 ) d oc um en ts t he s tr ug gl e b y t he J ers ey Widows to open a full investigation of the events, and their frustr

t h e Family Steering C ommittee. A l ex J on es, 9 /11 an d New World Order c on sp ir ac y t he or is ts a re t he s ub je ct o f t he d oc um en ta ry f il m

Neel t h a t d e b u t e d o n t h e I n d ep e n de n t F i l m C h a nn e l on May 26, 2009. The documentary, while not endorsing the movement, is des

l es s c ri ti ca l, a ir in g t ha n t he y' ve y et h ad ( ex ce pt a mo ng t he c on ve rt ed )" . 125]126]

C onferences are us ually compos ed of various pres entations . They tend to be s hort and concis e, with a time s pan of about 10 to 30

d is cu ss io n. T he w or k m ay b e b un dl ed i n w ri tt en f or m a s a ca de mi c p ap er s a nd p ub li sh ed a s t he c on fe re nc e p ro ce ed in gs . U su al ly a cs ch ol ar s o f s om e s ta nd in g, b ut s om et im es i nd iv id ua ls f ro m o ut si de a ca de mi a) . T he k ey no te l ec tu re i s o ft en l on ge r, l as ti ng s om et im es e v e r al k e y n o t e s p e a k er s o n a p an e l . I n a dd i t i o n t o pr e s e n t at i o n s , co n f e r e n ce s a l s o f e a t u r e pa n e l d i sc u s s i on s , r o u n d t a b l e s on v a r ius ua ll y ask ed t o su bmi t a sh or t a bst ra ct of t hei r pr ese nt at io n, wh ich wi ll b e r evi ewed be fo re t he p res en tat ion i s ac cep ted f or t he me

paper of about 6–15 pages , which is peer reviewed by members of the program committee or referees chos en by them. In s ome dis cc o m m on f o r p r e s en t e r s t o r ea d f ro m a p r e p a re d sc r i p t. I n o t h e r d i s c ip l i n es s uc h as t he s ci e n c es , pr e s e nt e r s u s u a ll y b as e th e i r t a l k aa nd r ese ar ch r esu lt s. A l ar ge m ee ti ng w il l u su al ly b e ca ll ed a c on fer en ce , wh il e a s ma ll er i s t er me d a w or ks ho p. T hey m ig ht b e s in gl es es si on a t a t im e, w hi le a m ul ti pl e t ra ck m ee ti ng h as s ev er al p ar al le l s es si on s w it h s pe ak er s i n s ep ar at e r oo ms s pe ak in g a t t he s am e tactivities s uch as tours and receptions can be part of the program. B us ines s meetings for learned s ocieties or interes t groups can alc on fe re nc e t he m or e l ik el y i t i s t ha t a ca de mi c p ub li sh in g h ou se s m ay s et u p d is pl ay s L ar ge c on fe re nc es a ls o m ay h av e a c ar ee r a n
