MIDTERM 1 RE VIEW! SI BIO 120

• Define gene expression.• What is evolution?• What are emergent properties and why are they important?• Describe the correlation between structure and function.• What is a genome?• Describe the 2 types of feedback mechanisms

o No P

• DNA (read structure and function on pgs 8-9)• What are the 3 Domains of life?

o Describe emergent properties that differentiate each domain (Ex: figure 25.9)

o Know what kingdoms (organisms) fit in each and know basic differences

What is mitosis?What is meiosis?Which sex cell carries the mitochondria?Which sex cell carries the Y chromosome?Reproduce the Linnaeus classification system

What is natural selection?o What were Darwin's four observations that lead to this idea

o 1o 2o 3o 4

Do you know the metric system starting from 1 meter down to picometers?1 mole equals atoms.What is the flow of energy? -> ->What are cells?

o Know the basic differences between eukaryotic & prokaryotic cellso What are archaeans?

DNA is into RNA then into a protein.o things that are similaro things that are dissimilar

What is a covalent bond?o What is the difference between a single and double bond?

What is electronegativity?What is an ionic bond?

o What is a cation?o What is an anion?

What are the weak chemical bonds? Can you describe them?

Know how the different bonds relate to each other in terms of strength

MIDTERM 1 REVIEW! SI BIO 120

Hydrogenated is another ways of saying with hydrogen atoms.Draw a trans fat. Draw a cis fat.

Which configuration (cis or trans) is harder to break apart?What are the 4 types of stem cells?What is a hypothesis?What is a theory?What is a paradigm shift?Recognize the structure of

o Carbohydrates and subtypeso Lipids and subtypeso Proteins and subtypeso Nucleic acids and subtypes

Recognize the 7 functional groupsWhat are the 4 emergent properties of water?1.2.3.4.What is an element?What is a compound?Which 4 atoms make up 96% of living matter?Trace elements make up of human body weight.What is an atom?Draw the structure of a nucleotide.

o Name the 5 nucleotide s.o How do they pair?o Which are purines?o Which are pyrimidines?

What is a limiting reagent?What is photosynthesis? What are the reactants and products? (Draw chemical reaction)

Oxidation is the of electrons.Reduction is the of electrons.When does the rate of the forward reaction equal the rate of the reverse reaction?

o When do humans achieve this?Differentiate solution, solvent and solute.High affinity for water=No affinity for water=H+ has a proton

MIDTERM 1 REVIEW! SI BIO 120

• OH" has a proton• donate hydrogen ions• accept hydrogen ions• What are the 4 classes of large biological molecules

• Which 3 are considered macromolecules?

What is a polymer?What is a monomer?What are enzymes?Dehydration reaction is for the of polymers.

o How is this done?Hydrolysis is for the of polymers.

o How is this done?Draw the structure of ATP: What does it do? Why is it important?

Anabolic means toCatabolic means to

• include sugars and polymers of sugars.• The simplest is called a .

o Name 3: ,

o Give 3 examples:have a glycosidic linkage between 2 monosaccharides.

Know the difference between an aldose and ketose (fig 5.3 and 5.5)What are polysaccharides? Name 4, know composition, location, and use.

o So Co Go Ch

Know structure of lipids, fatty acids and fatty acid chains.Draw the general structure of an amino acid:

Draw a dehydration synthesis of 2 amino acids creating a peptide bond:

MIDTERM 1 REVIEW! SI BIO 120

• Draw and label a Eukaryotic cell (point out which organelles are found in plants/animals)

Draw and label a Prokaryotic cell

Draw the nucleotide structure of DNA and RNA. What are the differences among them?