mid-size lng design considerations for robust and flexible ... · principal process engineer...
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![Page 1: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mid-size LNG design considerations for
robust and flexible operation: Yangling
LNG plant as a case study
Tania Simonetti
Principal Process Engineer
TechnipFMC
Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager,
TechnipFMC
Timothy Truong, Engineering Associate, Air Products
Fei Chen, Commercial Manager, Air Products
![Page 2: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Yangling LNG presentation
• Owner : Shaanxi LNG
Investment and Development
Co LTD
• 0.5 MTPA LNG production
• Peak Shaving Plant
• Air Products AP-SMR™
Liquefaction Process
• TPFMC in charge of the
LNG train and storage facilities
– Successfully started up and
running since 2015
![Page 3: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Design Challenges
• Flexibility to meet big fluctuations in gas quality and quantity
• Robustness and High efficiency at varying loads
• Operational flexibility for turn up and down
• Imported power
• Imported refrigerant: no in-situ fractionation
![Page 4: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Feed Gas Quality
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
-200 -150 -100 -50 0
Pre
ssure
(bara
)
Temperature (°C)
Phase Envelope
Source A Bubble point Source A Dew point
Source B Bubble point Source B Dew point
Feed
component A B
Methane 95.7 92.88
Ethane 1.341 4.107
Propane 0.209 0.759
C4 0.0691 0.316
C5 0.0247 0.084
C6+ 0.0124 C6+:0.089
Gas Source
![Page 5: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Plant Line Up
• Preteatment
• Liquefaction with AP-SMR technology
• Boil Off Gas recycled back to plant
• 2 x 25 000 m3 LNG tanks
• Additional LNG export by trucks
MERCURY
REMOVAL
C6+
STRIPPER
COLUMN
HHC
REMOVAL
TSA
PIPELINE FEED
GAS
METERING
COMPRESSION
BOG Recycle
AGRU
LNG TO
TRUCKS
DEHYDRATION
LIQUEFACTION
EXCHANGERS
![Page 6: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Key Parameter: Operating Pressure
Pretreatment and Liquefaction
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
110.0%
120.0%
130.0%
40 50 60 70 80Gas H
ors
eP
ow
er
Incre
ase
Natural Gas Pressure
Power versus Pressure at train inlet
MR GHP (kW) FG GHP (kW) Overall GHP (kW)
• Total Power decreases with pressure with
an optimum at 77 bar
• Capital cost is reduced by optimizing the
largest rotating machinery
• An increase in pressure in pre-treatment
allows reduction in equipment and piping
volume.
• A smaller MR compressor leads to smaller
refrigerant inventory and imports vs
increase in inlet compression
![Page 7: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Heavy Hydrocarbon Removal
Three Routes
LNG
Fractionation at reduced
pressure
Scrub column at high
pressure
TSA (Temperature Swing
Adsorption) at high pressure
![Page 8: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
A combined solution of Temperature
Swing Adsorption (TSA) and Partial
condensation are selected
• Maximise liquefaction operating
pressure => limit capital cost
• HHC are a byproduct
• Flexible and versatile to treat
different feedstocks
• Optimise the size of each
component to minimise the capital
cost
Heavy Hydrocarbon Removal
![Page 9: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Optimisation of the TSA beds:
• 50 % reduction in regeneration gas
• Lower risk of thermal stress by limiting temperature variations at downstream equipment at the end of cooling
HHC removal: Reuse of Cooling Gas for Heating
![Page 10: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Source C was provided late in the project,
after procurement of main equipment, with
large BTEX and C8+ content
• An in-depth study assessed the impact
and additional features to maintain full
production
• No significant impact to overall
production
• Size of the TSA beds increased
Feedstock Variation: Checking for Source C
![Page 11: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Peakshaving plants must operate at low
turndown for extended periods of time
• Yangling LNG turndown operation was
checked in detail down to 40%: no
opening of recycle valves observed
• Experience of stable operation below
nominal turndown
Prolonged operation
below 5% turndown
during tank cooldown
Turndown
98.0
100.0
102.0
104.0
106.0
108.0
110.0
112.0
114.0
30 50 70 90
SM
R S
pecific
Pow
er
(% o
f in
cre
ase)
Plant Capacity (%)
YangLing SMR Specific Power Vs Plant Capacity
![Page 12: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• High Voltage Semiconductor VSI
driven motor in operation
• Adjust production demand without
venting costly refrigerants
• Minimize (and avoid) compressor
recycling across operating window
• Ease of operation
• Restart from settle out pressure,
thus avoiding venting of refrigerant
• Stable operation during hot
summer days and cold winter days
Variable speed drive
![Page 13: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Conclusions
A midscale plant brings big challenges:
• The design has to maximise profit when pipeline gas is available and at an early
stage not all constraints are yet known
• Potentially wide range of fluctuations in HHC content in feed gas – needs practical
solution to overcome an apparent uncertainty for the life of the plant.
• Flexibility has to be built in to anticipate modifications at minimum cost
• Experience in the unique area of mid-scale LNG plant design helps avoiding
surprises
![Page 14: Mid-size LNG design considerations for robust and flexible ... · Principal Process Engineer TechnipFMC Manikandan Narayanan, Process Technology Manager, TechnipFMC Timothy Truong,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042420/5f372a537a73c57bf450f49e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Yangling LNG Project : Thanks
Chen Fei, Air Products
Timothy Truong, Air Products
Manikandan Narayanan, TPFMC
Yangling LNG Plant Owner: Shaanxi
LNG Investment and Development Co
LTD
陕西液化天然气投资发展有限公司