microsoft word - sach suu tam pi

8/14/2019 Microsoft Word - Sach Suu Tam PI

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Su Tm Th Thut [email protected]

http://vietdown.org Nguyn Anh T

http://vietdown.org

Thit K:Nguyn Anh T


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CHN HNH NH V THAY MU CH TRN NN CA FOLDER TRONGWINXP.

Nu bn tng dng Win98-Me, th chc bn s rt c n tng vi tnh nng cho php chn nh v thay imu sc font ch trn nn ca folder , nhng tic l trong WinXp bc Bill li khng h tr tnh nng ny, nhngc mt cch thc hin tnh nng ny, bn phi to mt file desktop.ini , bn c th tm thy n trong mifolder ca Win98- Me, hay c th t to bng notepad , m notepad v nh (copy) nguyn vn on code sau:

[.ShellClassInfo]IconFile=%SystemRoot%\system32\SHELL32.dllIconIndex=3ConfirmFileOp=0

[ExtShellFolderViews]{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}={BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}

[{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]Attributes=1IconArea_Image=E:\Hinh anh\koyoko fukada\ips_fukada_kyoko152.jpgIconArea_Text=0x000000FF

Trong dng IconArea_Image= bn nh ng dn n hnh m bn mun n xut hin trongfolder, bn nn nh ng dn ngn nh ti th hn , v nh l nh lun c ui ca n.

Dng IconArea_Text=0x000000FF qui nh mu font ch trong folder,trong v d mu ch ca ti lmu ,bn ch nn thay i dy s sau ch x vi cc mu :

o 000000 l mu en l mu mc nh , FFFF00 : mu xanh dng . Bn c th t tm thm. Sau lu li file vi tn desktop.ini (nh .ini l ui file ch khng phi l tn), by gi bn c th dn

file ny km nh nn ca bn (v d ca ti l hnh ips_fukada_kyoko152.jpg) vo bt k folder no m


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bn mun thay i, thot ra khi folder y sau vo li, v hy cm nhn s khc bit . Theo tibn nn t tnh n cho file desktop.ini v file nh ko c k ph hoi.

No cc bn hy cho bc Bill Gay mang du n ca mnh i no.


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CHN M THANH VO VN BN WORD

i khi, do yu cu cng vic, bn phi chun b mt vn bn c km thm m thanh (nhc,li ch thch...), khi bn s x l ra sao ? C 2 phng php gii quyt vn ny, ty theo tng trng hp c th m bn lachn phng php thch hp (p dng cho Word XP).

Phng php 1 : Dng cng c Sound trong Web Toolso p dng phng php ny, mi khi m vn bn, m thanh s c pht ra ngay, c th cn

thc hin nh sau :o Click chut phi vo ch trng bt k trn thanh cng c, chn du check vo ch Web Tools.o Trn thanh Web Tools, bn thy biu tng hnh ci loa c du mi tn ch vo vn bn, click

chut vo n, hp thoi sau y s hin ra :

o Click vo ch Browse ri chn a ch file m thanh (ch dng c cc file dng*.midi,*.wav,*.mid,*.rmi,*au,*.aif,*.aiff,*.snd)

o Click vo du mi tn trc ch times chn s ln lp li m thanh.o Sau click chut vo nt OK l xong.

Phng php 2 : Dng chc nng Insert Commento Phng php ny c th qun l c lc no nn pht m thanh, lc no khng.o Mun chn m thanh on vn bn no, bn bao khi on (hoc t con tr cui

on), sau bm chut phi vo ch trng bt k trn thanh cng c, m thanh Reviewing.Bn r chut vo biu tng New Comment, click vo du mi tn ch xung bn cnh sthy menu th nh hnh di y :

o Bn click chut vo ch Voice Comment s thy mt hp thoi hin ra nh sau :


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o Nu my bn c sound card v micro, bn c th ghi m li ca mnh ch thch cho onvn bn. Cn nu bn mun chn nhc, hy m menu Edit>Mix with File nh hnh bn di, rich nh i ch cho file nhc (lu : ch chn c cc file nh dng *.wav)

o Sau khi hon tt cc bc trn, bn m menu File, chn Exit & Return to Document.Bn s thy

cui on vn bn xut hin biu tng ci loa nh vyo Nu mun nghe m thanh : bn bm p chut vo n, mun hiu chnh li m thanh : nhp

chut phi, chn Sound Recorder Document Object>Edit, mun xa b m thanh : nhp chutvo n mt ln ri bm Delete.


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CT GHP CC TP TIN M THANH BNG TIN CH C SN TRONG WINDOWS X

Nu bn mun ct nh hoc ghp ni cc tp tin Audio v Movie gip cho vic lu tr v x l tt hn . Bn

khng cn phi ti v thm bt k chng trnh no c V trong Windows XP c tch hp sn mt tin ch khhay c kh nng lm c cng vic ny . l tin ch Windows Movie Maker ( WMM ) ( All Programs >

Accessories > Windows Movie Maker hoc Menu Start > Run > moviemk.exe ) .- Ct tp tin m thanh , video

+ ct mt File Video v m thanh , bn cn qua cc bc sau :* Bc 1 : Vo Menu File > Import nhp tp tin ngun vo . WMM h tr kh nhiu nh

dng Audio v Movies nh asf , au , avi , dat , m1v , mp2 , mp3 , mpeg , snd ,wma , wav * Bc 2 : Ko v th tp tin cn ct nh vo thanh StoryBoard / TimeLine pha di ca s

chng trnh

*Bc 3 : Ko n v tr u on phim , m thanh bn cn trch v ko n v tr cui on . Sau nhn nt nghe th on trch .

*Bc cui cng : Sau khi hi lng , bn vo Menu File > Save Movies . Hp thoi Save Movie xuthin , Trong phn setting bn c th ty chn cht lng l Low , Medium hay High quality ( Nn nh chtlng cng cao th dung lng tp tin cng khng l ) . Phn Display Information , in vo Title ( tiu )

Author ( Tc gi ) Date ( ngy to ) Description ( m t ) nu cm thy cn thit . Sau nhn Ok v chnni lu tp tin . Lu : Windows Movie Maker ch h tr lu di nh dng l WMV m thi .


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o Ngoi ra Windows Movie Maker cn c kh nng t ng ct nh thnh nhiu on theo thilng ( tnh bng giy ) . WMM t ng chia bi nhc thnh nhiu on c cng thi lngl 20 giy , bn vo Menu View > Options . Trong hp thoi Options , bn nh du chn vo kim Automatically create clips , nhp thi lng ca mi on vo Default imported photoduration ( seconds ) : ( y ti nhp vo 20 giy ) . Sau nhn OK . T nay , sau khiImport bt k tp tin audio hay Video no , WMM lun t chia nh tp tin thnh nhiu on vimi on u di 20 giy .

Ghp ni cc tp tin m thanh , videoo ghp nhiu tp tin , on nhc vo thnh mt tp tin duy nht . Tng t nh phn ct nh

, bn phi Import cc tp tin , ko v th nhng tp tin cn ni vo StoryBoard / TimeLine vsau l lu li . Th l xong . Qu d phi khng no ?


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CI THIN TC TRONG WINDOWS XP

Hin winXP ang l mt trong nhng h iu hnh c a thch bi v p v cc tnh nng mi ca n .i vi cc my tnh cu hnh mnh th vic chy WinXP tr nn d dng . Cn i vi cc my cu hnh yu , li thi th Win XP chy kh chm. Trong bi vit ny , xin trnh by vi cc bn mt th thut lm cho Win

XP ca bn chy nhanh hn v tit kim ti nguyn cu h thng T xu .1 . Tt bt cc dch v khng s dng :

C mt s dch v bn c th tt bt , vic ny s gip ci thin tc v ti nguyn cho my . Tm c ccm t v cc Dch v , nu thy dch v no khng tht s cn thit . bn c th nhp kp vo dch v richn Disable v hiu ha chng bn c th tm thy kh nhiu dch v trong Group policy ( Start > run , ggpedit.msc ) hay trong Administrative Tools ( nm trong Control Panel ) . Mt vi dch v khng cn thit , bnc th tt m khng nh hng n h thng :

Alerter ; Universal Plug and Play Device Host ; Human Interface Devices ; Net Logon ; Indexing Service; Messenger ; QOS RSVP ; Web Client ; Remote Registry ; Routing & Remote Access ; FastUserSwitching ; Application Management ; Remote Desktop Help Session Manager ; SSDP Discovery

Service ; Clipbook : cc dch v ny u nm trong Trong Control Panel > Administrative Tools >Component Services > Services ( local ) . Chn v nhp kp vo cc dch v trn , trong Startup type ,chn Disable khng cho t khi ng vi my hoc Stopped trong Service Status nu thy khng cndng n na .

2 . Dn dp th mc Prefecth v Temp.Prefecth l nt t trng mi ca Win XP ., ni y lu gi cc Shortcut ca cc chng trnh bn thng s


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dng nhm gip vic m chng trnh nhanh hn . Tuy nhin , cng v sau th mc ny cng b y i bi vcha qu nhiu shortcut ca cc chng trnh . dn dp sch th mc ny , bn vo th mc gc cawindows chn th mc prefecht v xa tt c nhng th c trong th mc . ( Nh trong my ti lC:/Windows/Prefecth ) . Sn dp , bn vo thm th mc Temp cng nm trong th mc Windows dn dplun cc File Tm do qu trnh ci t cc phn mm li .

3 . Khng hin th thng tin trng thi khi tt , m my Khi bn tt m my , bn s gp cc thng ip ca Windows nh Windows is shutting down , saving userssetting Bn c th v hiu ha chng nu thy khng cn thit bng cch

Cch 1 : bn c th vo GroupPolicy ( start > run > gpedit.msc ) tm n Remove Boot / Shutdown /Logon / Logoff Status messages trong Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > system .Nhp kp chut v chn Enable bt tnh nng ny .

Cch 2 : Nu bn khng tm thy dng Remove Boot / Shutdown / Logon / Logoff Status messagestrong Group Policy cch trn, bn c th m Regedit ( Start > run > Regedit ) , tm nHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\system . Tm khaDisableStatusMessages v gn gi tr ( value ) l 1 . Nu cha c , bn c th to mi bng cch chnnew > Dword Value v g DisableStatusMessages . sau vn gn gi tr l 1 nh trn .

4 . Khng s dng giao din ha lc khi ng

Nu bn khng cn xem Logo ci Logo khi ng nhm chn ca Windows XP . bn c th khng s dnggiao din giao din ha ( GUI ) trong lc khi ng Win . Vo Start > run >msconfig . Chn th Boot.ini .nh du chn vo /NOGUIBOOT ri chn apply , khi ng li xem kt qu .


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CCH SETUP BIOS

Khi khi ng my ln u tin, my tnh sc mt tp hp d liu c lu trong CMOS (mt chip b nhc bit lun hot ng nh 1 cc pin nh), khng c thng tin ny my tnh s b t lit. Vic xc lp cc thngtin ny gi l Setup Bios v bao gi ngi bn cng phi lm th tc Setup Bios ngay sau khi rp my. Nhngbn cng phi bit cch Setup Bios phng trng hp my t mt cc thng tin lu trong Bios v cc l

do nh: Ht pin, nhiu in, virus...Hin nay, ngi ta dng Flash Ram lu thng tin Bios nn khng cnphi c Pin nui trn mainboard. Ty Mainboard, cc mc trong Bios c th khc nhau theo tng hng ch to(Award, Ami, Pheonix...) nhng v cn bn chng vn ging nhau v trong phn ny ch yu bn v cn bn,cn cc tnh nng ring bn phi chu kh tm hiu thm nh vo cc kin thc cn bn ny.

Mn hnh Bios Setup a s l mn hnh chy ch TEXT. Gn y ang pht trin loi BiosWin (Ami) cmn hnh Setup gm nhiu ca s ging tng t Windows v s dng c Mouse trong khi Setup nhng ccmc vn khng thay i.

Ch thao tc vo Bios Setup l: Bm phm Del khi mi khi ng my i vi my i Loan. i vicc my M, thng l bn phi thng qua chng trnh qun l my ring ca tng hng nu mun thay icc thng s ca Bios.

* Bios thng: Di chuyn vt sng la chn mc bng cc phm mi tn. Thay i gi tr ca mc angSet bng 2 phm Page Up v Page Dn. Sau nhn phm Esc thot khi mc (gi tr mi sc lu tr).Nhn F10 thot Setup Bios nu mun lu cc thay i, khi hp thoi hin ra, bm Y lu, N khng lu.Nhn Esc nu mun thot m khng lu thay i, khi hp thoi hin ra, bm Y khng lu, N tr li mnhnh Setup Bios.

* Bios Win: Mn hnh Setup xut hin di dng ha gm nhiu ca s, s dng c mouse nu bn cmouse loi: PS/2 mouse, Microsoft mouse, Serial mouse, Logitect C mouse. Dng mouse bm kp vo ca s m mt thnh phn, bm vo mc cn thay i, mt ca s lit k gi tr xut hin, bm vo gi tr munchn ri thot bng cch bm vo nh gc trn bn tri. Nu khng c mouse, dng cc phm mi tn dichuyn, n mc cn thay i bm Enter, xut hin hp lit k, chn gi tr mi, bm Enter, cui cng bm Esc.

1. Setup cc thnh phn cn bn (Standard CMOS Setup):

y l cc thnh phn c bn m Bios trn tt c cc loi my PC phi bit qun l v iu khin chng.

* Ngy, gi (Date/Day/Time):

Bn khai bo ngy thng nm vo mc ny. Khai bo ny sc my tnh xem l thng tin gc v s btu tnh ty tri. Cc thng tin v ngy gic s dng khi cc bn to hay thao tc vi cc tp tin, thmc. C chng trnh khi chy cng cn thng tin ny, th d bo cho bn cp nht khi qu hn, chm dthot ng khi n ngy quy nh...Bnh thng bn Set sai hay khng Set cng chng nh hng g n hotng ca my. Cc thng tin ny c th sa cha trc tip ngoi Dos bng 2 lnh Date v Time, hay bngControl Panel ca Windows m khng cn vo Bios Setup.

Ch : ng h my tnh lun lun chy chm khong vi giy/ngy, thnh thong bn nn chnh li gi chong. Nhng nu qu chm l c vn cn phi thay mainboard.

* a mm (Drive A/B):

Khai bo loi a cho A v B, bn cn c vo vic ni dy cho a xc nh. a ni vi u ningoi cng ca dy ni l A, kia l B. c kch thc ln l 1.2M 5.25 inch, nh l 1.44M 3.5 inch. Nukhng c th chn Not Installed. Nu bn khai bo sai, a s khng hot ng ch khng h hng g, bn ch


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cn khai bo li. Trong cc mainboard s dng Bios i mi, khai bo sai loi da 1.2Mb thnh 1.4Mb hayngc li, da vn hot ng bnh thng nhng ku rt ln lc mi bt u c a, v lu di c th ha.

Cc Bios v cc card I/O i mi cho php bn tro i 2 a mm m khng cn tro i dy (swapfloppy drive), tc l A thnh B v ngc li khi s dng. Khi tro i bng cch Set jumper trn card I/O, bnnh khai bo li trong Bios Setup (Khi tro bng lnh Swap trong Bios th khng cn khai bo li), nhng c ng

dng khng chu ci t khi Swap a mm, nht l cc ng dng c bo v chng sao chp.

* a cng (Drive C/D) loi IDE:

Phn khai bo a cng rc ri hn, bt buc bn phi khai bo chi tit cc thng s, bn khai bo saikhng nhng cng khng hot ng m i khi cn lm h cng nu bn khai bo qu dung lng tht sca cng v cho tin hnh FDISK, FORMAT theo dung lng sai ny. May mn l cc Bios sau ny u cphn d tm thng s cng IDE tng (IDE HDD auto detection) nn cc bn khi mc cng nh khi sdng a cng loi IDE. Chng ti s ni v phn auto detect ny sau. Ngoi ra, cc cng sau ny u cghi thng s trn nhn dn trn mt. Bn cho chy Auto detect, Bios s tng in cc thng s ny dm bn.Vic khai bo cng C v D i hi phi ng vi vic Set cc jumper trn 2 cng. Bn xc lp cng khngphi qua u ni dy m bng cc jumper trn mch iu khin cng. Cc cng i mi chc mt jumper3 v tr: duy nht, Master ( C), Slave ( D) v c ghi r cch Set trn nhn. Cc a cng i c nhiu

jumper hn nn nu khng c ti liu hng dn l rc ri, phi m mm rt lu.

* a cng (Drive E/F) loi IDE:

Cc Bios v cc card I/O i mi cho php gn 4 da cng, v hin nay cc da CDROM cng s dngu ni cng hot ng, gi l CDROM Interface IDE (giao din a IDE) n gin vic lp t.

Ch : Khai bo l NONE trong Bios Setup cho a CD-ROM.

* Mn hnh (Video) - Primary Display:

EGA/VGA: Dnh cho loi mn hnh s dng card mu EGA hay VGA, Super VGA.

CGA 40/CGA 80: Dnh cho loi mn hnh s dng card mu CGA 40 ct hay CGA 80 ct.

Mono: Dnh cho loi mn hnh s dng card trng en, k c card VGA khi dng mn hnh trng en.

* Treo my nu pht hin li khi khi ng (Error Halt):

Tt c li (All error): Treo my khi pht hin bt c li no trong qu trnh kim tra my, bn khng nn chnmc ny v Bios s treo my khi gp li u tin nn bn khng th bit cc li khc, nu c.

B qua li ca Keyboard (All, But Keyboard): Tt c cc li ngoi tr li ca bn phm.

B qua li a (All, But Diskette): Tt c cc li ngoi tr li ca a.

B qua li a v bn phm (All, But Disk/Key): Tt c cc li ngoi tr li ca a v bn phm.

Khng treo my khi c li (No error): Tin hnh qu trnh kim tra my cho n khi hon tt d pht hin btc li g. Bn nn chn mc ny bit my b trc trc b phn no m c phng hng gii quyt.

* Keyboard:


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Install: Cho kim tra bn phm trong qu trnh khi ng, thng bo trn mn hnh nu bn phm c li.

Not Install: Khng kim tra bn phm khi khi ng. Ch : chn mc ny khng c ngha l v hiu hobn phm v nu vy lm sao iu khin my. N chc tc dng cho Bios khi mt cng kim tra bn phmnhm rt ngn thi gian khi ng.

2. Setup cc thnh phn nng cao (Advanced Setup):

* Virut Warning:

Nu Enabled, Bios s bo ng v treo my khi c hnh ng vit vo Boot sector hay Partition ca acng. Nu bn cn chy chng trnh c thao tc vo 2 ni nh: Fdisk, Format... bn cn phi Disable mcny.

* Internal cache:

Cho hiu lc (enable) hay v hiu ho (disable) Cache (L1) ni trong CPU 486 tr ln.

* External cache:

Cho hiu lc (enable) hay v hiu ho (disable) cache trn mainboard, cn gi l Cache mc 2 (L2).

* Quick Power On Self Test:

Nu enable Bios s rt ngn v b qua vi mc khng quan trng trong qu trnh khi ng, gim thigian khi ng ti a.

* About 1 MB Memory Test:

Nu Enable Bios s kim tra tt c b nh. Nu Disable Bios chkim tra 1 Mb b nhu tin.

* Memory Test Tick Sound:

Cho pht m thanh (enable) hay khng (disable) trong thi gian test b nh.

* Extended Bios Ram Area:

Khai bo mc ny nu mun dng 1 Kb trn nh ca b nh quy c, tc Kb bt u ta ch639K hay0:300 ca vng Bios h thng trong b nh quy c lu cc thng tin va cng. Xc lp c th l 1K hay0:300.

* Swap Floppy Drive:

Tro i tn 2 a mm, khi chn mc ny bn khng cn khai bo li loi a nh khi tro bng cchSet jumper trn card I/O.

* Boot Sequence:

Chn a cho Bios tm hiu hnh khi khi ng. C th l C ri n A hay A ri n C hay chc C. Bnnn chn C,A hay chc C, phng trng hp v tnh khi ng bng a mm c Virus.


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Hin nay trn cc Mainboard Pentium. Bios cho php bn chnh khi ng t 1 trong 2 mm hay trong 4 cng IDE hay bng cng SCSI thm ch bng CD Rom cng c.

* Boot Up Floppy Seek:

Nu Enable Bios s d tm kiu ca a mm l 80 track hay 40 track. Nu Disable Bios s b qua. Chn

enable lm chm thi gian khi ng v Bios lun lun phi c a mm trc khi c a cng, mc d bn chn chkhi ng bng C.

* Boot Up Numlock Status:

Nu ON l cho phm Numlock m (n Numlock sng) sau khi khi ng, nhm phm bn tay phi bn phmdng nh s. Nu OFF l cho phm Numlock tt (n Numlock ti), nhm phm bn tay phi dng dichuyn con tr.

* Boot Up System Speed:

Quy nh tc ca CPU trong thi gian khi ng l High (cao) hay Low (thp).

* Memory Parity Check:

Kim tra chn l b nh. Chn theo mainboard v c loi cho php mc ny enable, c loi bt bn phidisable mi chu chy. u tin bn chn enable, nu my treo bn chn li l disable. Mc ny khng nhhng n h thng, chc tc dng kim tra Ram.

* IDE HDD Block Mode:

Nu a cng ca bn h tr kiu vn chuyn d liu theo tng khi (cc a i mi c dung lngcao). Bn cho enable tng tc cho a. Nu a i c bn cho disable mc ny.

* Pri. Master/Slave LBA (Logic Block Addressing) Mode:

Nu 2 a cng c ni vo u ni Primary ca card I/O c dung lng ln hn 528Mb, bn cho enablemc ny.

* Sec. IDE Ctrl Drives Install:

Mc ny khai bo my bn c a cng ni vo u ni Secondary ca card I/O. Cc chnh c th lMaster, Mst/Slv v disable.

* Sec Master/Slave LBA Mode:

Xc lp LBA cho u ni th 2.

Ch : Cc mc h tr cho a cng c dung lng ln v cc card I/O i mi gip bn s dng a cdung lng trn 528Mb. Trong trng hp bn cho enable cc mc ny ri mi tin hnh Fdisk v Format a,nu sau bn li disable cc mc ny hay em gn qua my khc cng chn disable, bn s khng th sdng c da cng. Khi dng CDROM c u ni IDE, bn nn gn vo u ni Secondary khi nhhng n da cng (gn vo u ni Pri) khi cn chy 32BitDiskAccess trong Windows.

* Typematic Rate Setting:


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Nu enable l bn cho 2 mc di y c hiu lc. 2 mc ny thay th lnh Mode ca DOS, quy nh tc v thi gian tr ca bn phm.

* Typematic Rate (Chars/Sec):

Bn la chn s k t/giy tu theo tc nh phm nhanh hay chm ca bn. Nu bn Set thp hn tc

nh th my s pht ting Bip khi n chy theo khng kp.

* Typematic Delay (Msec):

Chnh thi gian lp li k t khi bn bm v gi lun phm, tnh bng mili giy.

* Security Option:

Mc ny dng gii hn vic s dng h thng v Bios Setup.

Setup: Gii hn vic thay i Bios Setup, mi khi mun vo Bios Setup bn phi nh ng mt khu quy nh trc.

System hay Always: Gii hn vic s dng my. Mi khi m my, Bios lun lun hi mt khu, nu khngbit mt khu Bios s khng cho php s dng my.

Ch : Trong trng hp bn cha chnh mt khu, Disable (v hiu ho) mc ny, bn chnPassword Setting, bn ng nh g vo cc nhp mt khu m chcn bm ENTER. Trong trng hp bn c chnh mt khu nay li mun bi. Bn chn Password Setting, bn nh mt khu c vo nhp mtkhu c (Old Password) cn trong nhp mt khu mi (New Password) bn ng nh g c m chcn bmENTER. C mainboard thit k thm 1 jumper xo ring mt khu ngoi jumper xo ton b thng tintrong CMOS. Tt hn ht l bn ng s dng mc ny v bn thn chng ti chng kin rt nhiu trng hpd khc d ci do mc ny gy ra. Li t m hi nhiu. Chnhng my tnh cng cng mi phi s dng timc ny thi.

* System Bios Shadow, Video Bios Shadow:

Nu enable l cho copy cc d liu v System v Video trong Bios (c tc chm) vo Ram (tc nhanh) rt ngn thi gian khi cn truy nhp vo cc d liu ny.

* Wait for if Any Error:

Cho hin thng bo chn phm F1 khi c li.

* Numeric Processor:

Thng bo c gn CPU ng x l (Present) trn my hay khng (absent). Mc ny thng c cho cc my

dng CPU 286, 386, 486SX. T 486DX tr v sau c con ng x l bn trong CPU nn trn cc my mic th khng c mc ny.

* Turbo Switch Funtion:

Cho nt Turbo c hiu lc (enable) hay khng (disable). Mc ny thng thy cc Bios i c, trn ccmy i mi la chn ny thng bng cch Set jumper ca Mainboard. T Mainboard pentium tri khng cmc ny.


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3. Setup cc thnh phn c lin quan n vn hnh h thng (Chipset Setup):

* Auto Configuration:

Nu enable, Bios s tng xc lp cc thnh phn v DRAM, Cache...mi khi khi ng ty theo CPUType (kiu CPU) v System Clock (tc h thng). Nu Disable l cho bn t chnh.

* AT Clock Option:

Nu Async (khng ng b) l ly dao ng chun ca b dao ng thch anh chia i lm tc hotng cho AT Bus (bus 8 - 16Bit). Thng l 14.318MHz/2 tc 7.159MHz. C Bios cn cho chn tc ca mcny l 14.318MHz. Nu Sync (ng b) l dng System Clock (do bn chnh bng cch Set jumper trnmainboard) lm tc chun.

* Synchronous AT Clock/AT Bus Clock Selector:

Chnh tc hot ng cho AT Bus bng cch ly tc chun (system clock) chia nh cn li khong8MHz cho ph hp vi card 16Bit. Cc la chn nh sau:

CLKI/3 khi system clock l 20 - 25MHz.

CLKI/4 khi system clock l 33MHz.



Tc ny cng ln (s chia cng nh), my chy cng nhanh do tng tc vn chuyn d liu. Tuynhin ln n u l cn ty thuc vo mainboard v card cm trn cc Slot (quan trng nht l card I/O). Ccbn phi th nghim gim s chia tng nc v ch my c khi ng hay c a bnh thng khng, nu phtsinh trc trc th gim xung 1 nc. Thng th bn c th tng c 2 nc, th d: System clock l 40MHz, bnchn CLKI/3. Card ISA 8 v 16 Bit c th chy tt trong khong t 8MHz n 14MHz. Nu nhanh qu, thngcard I/O gp trc trc trc (khng c c a cng).

* AT Cycle Wait States/Extra AT Cycle WS:

enable hay disable vic chn thm 1 thi gian ch vo thi gian chun ca AT Bus. Nu system clockdi 33MHz chn disable. Nu trn 33MHz chn enable.

* Fast AT Cycle:

Khi enable s rt ngn thi gian chun ca AT Bus.

* DRAM Read Wait States/DRAM Brust Cycle:

Di 33MHz l: 3 - 2 - 2 - 2 hay 2 - 1 - 1 - 1

T 33 - 45MHz l: 4 - 3 - 3 - 3 hay 2 - 2 - 2 - 2

50MHz l: 5 - 4 - 4 - 4 hay 3 - 2 - 2 - 2

Chn mc ny nh hng ln n tc CPU.


17/61



* DRAM/Memory Write Wait States:

Chn 1WS khi h thng nhanh hay DRAM chm (tc 40MHz tr ln). Chn 0WS khi h thng v DRAMc th tng thch (33MHz tr xung).

* Hidden Refresh Option:

Khi enable, CPU s lm vic nhanh hn do khng phi ch mi khi DRAM c lm ti.

* Slow Refresh Enable:

Mc ny nhm bo m an ton d liu trn DRAM, thi gian lm ti s ko di hn bnh thng. Bn chc enable mc ny khi b nh ca my h tr vic cho php lm ti chm.

* L1 Cache Mode:

La chn gia Write-Through v Write-Back cho Cache ni trong CPU 486 tr ln. Xc lp Write-Throughmy s chy chm hn Write-Back nhng vic lc chn cn tu thuc vo loi CPU.

* L2 Cache Mode:

Xc lp cho cache trn mainboard.

* IDE HDD Auto Detection/IDE SETUP:

Khi chn mc ny s xut hin mt ca s cho bn chnh a cn d tm thng s (2 hay 4 a tutheo Bios). Sau bn bm OK hay YES Bios in vo phn Standard dm cho bn. Trong Bios i mi,Auto detect c tha ra vi loi a. Tu theo cch s dng da (normal, LBA,...) m bn chn loi thchhp.

* Power Management Setup:

i vi CPU 486:

Phn ny l cc chnh cho chng trnh tit kim nng lng sn cha trong cc Bios i mi. Chngtrnh ny dng c cho c 2 loi CPU: Loi thng v loi CPU kiu S. CPU kiu S hay CPU c 2 k t cuiSL l mt loi CPU c ch to c bit, c thm b phn qun l nng lng trong CPU. Do trong phnny c 2 loi chnh dnh cho 2 loi CPU.

i vi Pentium:

Dng chung cho mi loi Pentium hay cc chp ca cc hng khc cng i vi Pentium.

* Power Management/Power Saving Mode:

Disable: Khng s dng chng trnh ny.

Enable/User Define: Cho chng trnh ny c hiu lc.

Min Saving: Dng cc gi tr thi gian di nht cho cc la chn (tit kim nng lng t nht).


18/61



Max Saving: Dng cc gi tr thi gian ngn nht cho cc la chn (tit kim nhiu nht).

* Pmi/Smi:

Nu chn SMI l my ang gn CPU kiu S ca hng Intel. Nu chn Auto l my ang gn CPU thng.

* Doze Timer:

Mc ny chdng cho CPU kiu S. Khi ng thi gian my rnh (khng nhn c tn hiu t cc ngt)theo quy nh, CPU tng h tc xung cn 8MHz. Bn chn thi gian theo bn (c th t 10 giy n 4gi) hay disable nu khng mun s dng mc ny.

* Sleep Timer/Standby timer:

Mc ny chdng cho CPU kiu S. Chnh thi gian my rnh trc khi vo ch Sleep (ngng hotng). Thi gian c th t 10 giy n 4 gi.

* Sleep Clock:

Mc ny chdng cho CPU kiu S: Stop CPU h tc xung cn 0MHz (ngng hn). Slow CPU h tc xung cn 8MHz.

* HDD Standby Timer/HDD Power Down:

Chnh thi gian ngng motor ca a cng.

* CRT Sleep:

Nu Enable l mn hnh s tt khi my vo ch Sleep.

* Chnh:

Cc chnh cho chng trnh qun l ngun bit cn kim tra b phn no khi chy.

Ch : Do Bios c sn xut s dng cho nhiu loi my khc nhau nn cc bn lun lun gp phnny trong cc Bios. Thc ra chng chc gi tr cho cc my xch tay (laptop) v xi pin nn vn tit kimnng lng c t ln hng u. Chng ti khuyn cc bn ang s dng my bn (desktop) nn v hiuho tt c cc mc trong phn ny, trnh cc tnh hung bt ng nh: ang ci chng trnh, t nhin myngng hot ng, ang chy Defrag t nhin my chm cc k...

4. Phn dnh ring cho Mainboard theo chun giao tip PCI c I/O v IDE On Board (peripheralSetup):

* PCI On Board IDE:

Cho hiu lc (enabled) hay v hiu (disabled) 2 u ni a cng IDE trn mainboard. Khi s dng CardPCI IDE ri, ta cn chn disabled.

* PCI On Board Secondary IDE:

Cho hiu lc (enabled) hay v hiu (disabled) u ni a cng IDE th 2 trn mainboard. Mc ny bsung cho mc trn v chc tc dng vi u ni th 2.


19/61



* PCI On Board Speed Mode:

Chnh kiu vn chuyn d liu (PIO speed mode). C th l Disabled, mode 1, mode 2, mode 3, mode 4,Auto. Trong mode 4 l nhanh nht.

* PCI Card Present on:

Khai bo c s dng Card PCI IDE ri hay khng v nu c th c cm vo Slot no. Cc mc chn l:Disabled, Auto, Slot 1, Slot 2, Slot 3, Slot 4.

* PCI IRQ, PCI Primary IDE IRQ, PCI Secondary IDE IRQ:

Chnh cch xc lp ngt cho Card PCI IDE ri.

Ch : Trong mc ny c phn xc lp th t gn ngt cho cc Card b sung. Th d: 1 = 9, 2 = 10, 3 = 11,4 = 12 c ngha l Card u tin cm vo bt k Slot no sc gn ngt 9, nu c 2 Card th Card cm voSlot c s th t nh sc gn ngt 9, Slot c s th t ln sc gn ngt 10.v..v...

* IDE 32Bit Transfers Mode:

Xc lp ny nhm tng cng tc cho a cng trn 528Mb, nhng cng c a khng khi ngc khi enabled mc ny d fdisk v format vn bnh thng.

* Host to PCI Post Write W/S, Host to PCI Burst Write, Host to DRAM Burst Write:

Cc mc ny xc lp cho PCU Bus, khng nh hng nhiu n tc CPU, c th nguyn xc lp mcnhin.

* PCI Bus Park, Post Write Buffer:

Khi enabled cc mc ny c th tng cng thm tc h thng.

* FDC Control:

Cho hiu lc hay khng u ni cp v xc lp a chcho a mm.

* Primary Seral Port:

Cho hiu lc hay khng cng COM 1 v xc lp a chcho cng ny.

* Secondary Serial Port:

Cho hiu lc hay khng cng COM 2 v xc lp a chcho cng ny. Ch : Nu bn s dng Card bsung c xc lp i chl COM 1 hay COM 2, bn phi disabled cng tng ng trong hai mc trn.

* Parallel Port:

Cho hiu lc hay khng cng LPT 1 v xc lp a chcho cng ny.

5. Hng dn Setup Bios:


20/61


21/61



b li by gi giao din XP chng khc g Win 9x l bao .Nu khng , bn c th chn custom t iu chnh v b bt tng hiu ng .

6 . Dn dp b nh o khi tt myB nh o ( pagefile ) l mt phn ca a cng c Windows s dng nh b nh b sung cho lng

Ram t i ca mnh . Bn c th iu chnh , tng thm b nh o ny ( trn Echip cc s trc vi ln giithiu ) . trong bi vit xin trnh by vi cc bn cch dn dp b nh o ny khi tt my ; ng lo , vic nyWindows s gip bn , nhng bn cn phi bt n xanh cho tnh nng ny th window mi chu lm gim bn

Cch 1 : Vo Start > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Local Security Policy > Local Policies , trongdanh sch , chn Shutdown : Clear virtual memory pagefile . Nhn phi chut > Properties > Enable >OK . \

Cch 2 : dnh cho dn vc registry . tm n kha

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\MemoryManagement\ClearPageFileAtShutdown , nhp kp g gi tr ( value ) l 1


22/61



Phng chy hn cha chy , trc khi vc my , cc vc s nn chun b sn tinh thn , sao lu c h iu hnhhay Registry trc khi thc hin nhng thay i ln vi h thng . i vi Win , bn s dng cc phn mmnh Ghost , Driver Image i vi registry , bn vo menu File > Export to bn sao lu cho Registry

Trn y l mt s th thut gip bn ci thin tc ca WinXP , bn nn s dng thm microsoft Bootvis

gim thi gian khi ng my cng nh nn hn ch cc phn mm , ng dng chy ngm v t khi ngtrong my . Hy vng vi cc mn by trn , bn c th hi lng vi tc ca Win XP .


23/61



CC BC CHUN B TNG TC CHO WINDOWS

I/Chun b v phn mm:1.H iu hnh(OS):* i vi nhng my yu(P4 1,4 hay Celeron1,7 vi Ram 128 tr v trc) th Windows 98 l h iu hnh thchhp nht chi game, nhng cn vi nhng my trung bnh(P4 Northwood 1,8-2,4GHZ vi Ram 256-512)hoc nhng my mnh, nht l cc my mi nht hin nay th Windows XP l s la chn s mt cho games vmultimedia ni chung nh tnh nng qun l b nh vt tri, s n nh,... hn hn so vi Win 9x.* Theo nh gi ca ti th WinXP service pack 2 c tc tt nht(tuy nhin vn cn gp nhiu li do xung tvi mt s phn mm), sau l WinXP Pro ri XP SP1. * Nu c iu kin th tt nht l chng ta nn sao lu d liu quan trng li(ti liu, file download, nhc s,phim) ri..format li a ca mnh(nu a ca bn kh c hay xut hin bad sector th format cp thplun, khng hi g c, ch nh mt ln ghi d liu thi), sau mi ci li Windows. Nu bn l mt tay su tpphn mm, li ang s dng ton nhng phn mm tm c th cng ng ngi g c, chu kh ly giy ghi

danh sch nhng phn mm li sau ny ngi ci(nh ti th vic ci li phn mm, driver mt khong 2ting trong khi ci Win mt c 25 pht!)2.Cc phn mm tng tc:* C rt nhiu phn mm tng tc t ho l c th tng tc my 200-300% nhng nhiu trong s chng lichng ra g(c th nh sn xut chnh cho mt ci my chy tht chm chp, t hi ri dung phn mm camnh Optimize li ly im benchmark chng?).* Ch l khng nn ci qu nhiu phn mm, ch ci nhng ci g tht cn thit, nu khng my bn s

khng nhng khng chy nhanh ln m cn chy chm i, ri li tng thch....a.Phn mm tng tc cho Internet-Theo ti hay nht l phn mm IE Accelerator 2.21 tng c ni n trn bo LBVMT.-Trnh Download hng nht l Dap-thc ra chc nng Zip Preview m tc gi bi HiDownload-phn mm

download s mt ni n c t lu Dap v n cn nhiu chc nng tuyt vi khc, nhng quan trng nhtl tc download ca n c mi ngi cng nhn l rt nhanh.b.Phn mm tng tc Windows:-Theo ti th nn dng 2 phn mm: Hare 1.5.1 v PC BoOster 3.0, phn mm Speeder XP tuy v l thuyt thhay nhng thc t khng hay lm, tng tc hiu qu vi t chng trnh nn ti khng dng.- Theo ti th tr khi cc bn s dng my tnh xch tay cn khng th khng nn dng cc chng trnh

cooler v va tn ti nguyn h thng va khng em li tc dng r rt, cn chuyn gim phn trm CPU thkhng r l c lm chm h thng khng bi v cc phn mm tng tc nh Hare v SpeederXp u c gngkhai thc CPU ti a.c.Driver:Ch c bit: Khng phi bao gi mi cng l tt hn, l do l:*S h tr ca hng vi sn phm ca mnh, theo ti th hng c s h tr tt nht vi sn phm l Intel:chipset810/815 c 6,7 nm ri m hng vn cung cp thng tin k thut c th, driver ca sn phm trnwebsite trong khi Nvidia th dng Geforce 2MX400 mi c tm hn 3 nm th m nm ngoi ti phi tm mitrn website ca Nvidia mi thy c vi dng thng s k thut s si.*Driver mi hn thng phi m m, VD: Detonator ca Nvidia c ln dn mi khi c thm mt phin bn Gpuxut hin v n bao gm Driver t Geforce 256 n Geforce 4. Hu qu l s tn ti nguyn ca my: tn acng, tn b nh.*Mi sn phm ch c mt Driver cho tc cao nht v Driver thng khng phi l driver mi nht, cbit l vi TH ca Nvidia. C th gii thch nh sau: khi bt u tung ra th trng mt sn phm g , VD lGeforce 4 Ti 4600 th hng phi ra sc vit v ti u driver ca mnh sao cho t im Benchmark cao nht, sc m hoc ngi dng, cn khi c sn phm mi th h li dn sc vo n.


24/61



*Driver cho a cng Intel Applicaption Accelerator i km Main. Lu l ch nhng my dng chipset Intel midng c. Chi tit ti s trnh by trong phn sau: Tin hnh.d.Anti-virus, Fire wall:y l nhng th khng th thiu vi mt my PC c kt ni Internet.

*FireWall: vi ngi dng bnh thng kt ni 56K th c th dng tng la c sn ca Win XP cho tit kim,cn nu l kt ni ADSL th nn dng mt phn mm chuyn nghip nh Zone Alarm.*Anti-Virus: mc d nhiu ngi trong s chng ta chn ngy Norton Anti-virus gi nua v th dng nhiuphn mm cnh tranh khc v thy chng rt tuyt nhng phi ni rng NAV vn l phn mm chng virushng u chng ta ci vo my. Cn Bkav 2002 tuy khng snh c nhng cc bn vn nn c, k ckhng cho n autorun, thng tr cng c bi v n c u im l gn nh nn ti cp nht virus mi rtnhanh.II/Tin hnh:1. a cng:*Trc ht, nu bn dng a cng ATA 66/100/133 th hy kim tra v chc chn rng cp a cng minhang dng l loi 80 ch khng phi l 40 si ri tip tc bc sau.*Nu bn dng Win XP Pro hay Sp1 th chc chn l bn nn ci Intel Applicaption Accelerator thay cho s dngdriver c sn ca Microsoft v n s ci thin tc rt n tng : my ti trc khi ci n, boot phi mt 5-6vch chy di logo WinXP, ci xong ch c 3 vch thi.*Khi ti dng Win XP Sp2 th ti khng thy c s khc bit nhiu v tc , v WinXP SP2 l bn mi nn ti

cng dng driver ca Microsoft trnh xung t.2.CPU v RAM:a.CPU:- m bo Cpu ca bn chy vi hiu nng cao nht, hy vo CMOS setup bt ch Turbo. N c givi nhiu ci tn khc nhau ty thuc vo phin bn Bios v ty hng, VD nh main GA-8IR533 th gi l Topperformance.-V vic OverClock:-ng dng phn mm cp cao trong Windows Overclock v n lm cho h thng mt n nh hn nn mcOC b gii hn thp. Hy OC trc tip t Bios hoc vi cc my c hy OC bng Jumper trn Main.-Nn nh p xung CPU ln 1/5 th cng cha chc tc h thng tng ln 1/10, tng t nh vy nu Cpuca bn l 1,8 hoc 2,0 m bn ch p xung ln 200-300 Mhz th kh m cm nhn c tc .-Cc loi Main khc nhau cho kh nng OC khc nhau. VD: main Intel hon ton khng thch hp cho vic ny,main Gigabyte 8IR533 OC khng c cao lm....-Khi OC hy ch n Ram: Trc y, mun OC CPU ngi ta c hai cch: tng h s nhn ca chip v tngtc bus h thng, nhng cc chip Intel sau ny kha h s nhn nn bn ch c th thay i bus hthng. Nhng khi thay i bus h thng th khng ch Cpu m cc thnh phn khc ub nh hng, nh bus PCI/AGP v c Ram na. Nhng vi bus AGP/PCI th phn OC trong CMOS c chc nngfix nn khng b chy sai tc . Cn Ram, nuRam bn l loi chy c vi tc mi th khng sao , nhng nu p ram chy qu tc ti a ca n th coi chngram ca bn s hng trc Cpu y . V vy c mi bc OC xong m khi chy mt chngtrnh no m xut hin li ILLEGAIL OPERATION th hy cn thn.b.Ram:-C nhng chng trnh c qung co l tng tc cho Ram bng cch dn Ram hoc Recover Ram. Theo ti

th nhng chng trnh nh th th bn khng nn ci vo my bi v tn ti nguyn m hiu qu em li khngcao thm ch cn lm chm my khi chi tr chi, chy ng dng ln. Ram l loi b nh cc nhanh nn cho dc khng defragment nh a cng cng chng nh hng n tc . Cn nu bn thy cn dng nhngchng trnh nh vy hy tt chc nng auto-recover Ram nu khng mun ang np game th b thot rangoi, xut hin ca s dn Ram ri khi vo game th mt ting, git...Cui cng, trong nhng chng trnh loiy ti ch thch Hare vi chc nng wash ram l thc s hay v sau khi dn dp, n li load li cc service, driverh thng.3.Card ha:


25/61



-Mt kinh nghim u tin l khi mua card ha bn ng mua hng c hoc t ph bin, hay nht l NvidiaGeforce x nu khng mun tic r thm thung trc nhng chng trnh hay nht m ch h tr hon ton choNvidia Geforce.-V OC:*Khi OC card ha, nh rng Ram khng phi l th c th p xung nhiu nh Gpu.*Khng phi card no cng cho kh nng v gii hn OC nh nhau. VD:Tng tc xung nhp ln 15/100 th

nhiu loi card-nh geforce 2 MX 400, ci bn nhn c khng phi l ch s fps tng m l treo my, mt nnh...*ng nh gi tc lm y ca mt card ha qua MHZ: Ci quan trng l trong mt xung nhp n c thx l c bao nhiu im nh, VD: t th h card Geforce 256 n geforce 4 TI 4600 th c th x l cbn im nh/Hz nhng vi nhng card i trc hay ngay c vi mt s loi chip ha tch hp cng thi thkhng t n con s ny hay gn y t Radeon 9700, Geforce FX 5800 con sny t n 8 im nh/xung nhp.*Cn ni thm, bn thn tc lp y cng cha ni ln tc ca chip m cn phi ni n bng thng bnh. V c hai th y c l cn cha ni ln iu g: Vd: hy so snh 3 card: Geforce 2 MX 400, Geforce2 Ultra v Geforce 3. Geforce 2 MX 400 v Geforce 3 c tc lm y u l 800 Mtexels/s cn Geforce 2 Ultral 1 t . Geforce 3 v Geforce 2 Ultra c bng thng l 7,23 GB/s cn Geforce 2 MX 400 l 2,7. Trongnhiu th nghim Geforce 2 Ultra cho kt qu nhanh gp i geforce 2 MX 400 nhng li thua xa geforce 3.*Tr nForce 1/2/3 ra th cc chipset c tch hp ha khc, k c IntelGMA 900 mi nht cng c im cha snh bng Gpu c Geforce 256 l h tr kh rng ca v quan trng cbit l Hardware Transform and Lighting- vn c rt nhiu game 1-2 nm gn y yu cu.*Tinh chnh ha khng ch l chnh phn gii, chi tit m cn nhiu phn khc c n trong drivernh Z-buffer, fast linear-mipmap, texture compression...chnh chng khc i so vi mc nh c th gip nngcao cht lng hnh nh mt cch ng k hoc nng cao hiu nng nhiu. VD trong mt game 3D vn phn gii , thit lp ha trong game nh th nu bt tt c cc chc nng nng cao cht lng hnh nh,k c chng rng ca 4x th tc khung hnh c khi ch l 25fps nhng nu bt cc chc nng tng tc, ttcc chc nng hnh nh th tc c th ln ti 100 fps.*Nn dng mt cng c Tweak nh NV turbo, Geforce Tweaker Ultility, Nvmax, NVHardPage, hoc hay nht l Riva Tunner . Ch ng s dng nhng chcnng gi lp card v s khng c li v tc .*Vi 1 s tr chi th chi trn Win 98 c th nhanh hn nhng khi chi trn Win XP th s khung hnh s nnh hn.*Mt s ci t em li tc :Z-buffer, W-buffer, Floating point W-buffer 100/100, multi-texturing, linearmipmap filtering, HW accelerated cursor, 256 burst....*Mt s ci t em li cht lng vi tc chp nhn c: Lc v hng 2x, Texture sharpenning, STC3quality bug fix....4.Khi ng, s dng cng c tng tc:-Nu c 2 trnh Anti-virus th ch cho mt trnh chy thng ch.-Ci t t chng trnh tng tc, ch dng nhng ci hiu qu nht.-M msconfig tt bt 1 s dch v khng cn thit, b mt s chng trnh chy thng ch nh Quicktime,Realone Tkbell....-Ci t xong ht cc chng trinh mi chy bootvis rt ngn thi gian khi ng.-Nn chy PC Booster 3.0, vo Auto tune page, nhn Auto tune, lm theo hng dn ca n...5.B nh o:Trc y ngi ta a ra cng thc b nh o bng dung lng Ram*2,5. Nhng by gi, dung lngRam nhiu ri ton t 256-1G nn c l khng cn thit lm. Cc bn nn ty vo b nh ca mnh m t fileo cho khi tn a cng, b nh cng ln th file tm cng khng cn to.


26/61



CCH CI T FTP TRONG WIN 2K

C nhiu cch chuyn File hay chia s file ( ta c th chuyn file v chia s file bng software, haychat Yahoo, gi email nhng c gii hn v dung lng file, vo tnh bo mt khng cao) nhng hmnay ti s hng dn cc bn cch chia s file bng cng c m trong Windows 2k c sn.

Chc nng ca FTP: Ta c th truy cp t xa chia s d liu qua internet bng a ch IP hayDomain. (Kch thc file khng gii hn , ty thuc vo ng truyn internet ca mnh nhanh haychm, v tnh bo mt ca windows)Cc bc ci t:

u tin ta cn phi thit lp IIS (Internet Information Services) hay (Internet ServicesManager)

o Nhn Start\Settings\Control Panel\add Remove Programs --> hin hp thoi Hnh 1 => chnmenu add Remove windowns Components => Hnh2 chon IIS => Next (trong qu trnh

ci t n si ta cho a win 2000 vo) sau khi ci t xong ta lm bc k tip

.

Thit lp cu hnh FTPo Start\Settings\Control Panel\Administrative Tools\Internet Services Manager . Chn Default FTP Site -

-> Action\Properties


27/61



Th FTP Site:o IP Address: All Unassigned (nu ta c card mng th chn IP ca cac mng)o y ti chn ip cho minh l 192.168.0.1o Cn tt c ta mc nh.


28/61



Th Security Accountso Allow Anonymous Connections nu ta chn th mac cho mi ngi vo u c.o FTP sate Operators : ta c th Add thm tn v mt m cho ngi no minh cho php vo(ta phi to user v pass)


29/61



Th Home Directory :o FTP Site Diretory: ta ch vo th mc m mnh lu tr file cn chia s (ti y chia s

E:\Home FTP)

o Xong bn OK

Nh th l ta khai bo xong FTP. By gita th li FTP coi c chy tt khng bng cch mInternet Explorer Browser

phn a ch ta g ftp://192.168.0.1/nu ta thy n mra ng mc Home FTP th minh thnh cng

PHN K TIP TA CI T SOFTWARE NG K IP.V sao ta phi ci t software : " V mi khi ta vo mng th VNN hay FTP cung cp cho ta 1 a chIP mi (IP ng) cho nn ta khng th no bit c ip ca mnh l bao nhiu khi connect vo mngcho ln sau nn ta phi dng software v 1 trang web (Free) dng trung chuyn cho ngi truy cp

vo my FTP ca mnh "

Bc u tn ta phi ng k 1 Username trn trang web http://www.no-ip.com/sau ta vo phn ng k 1Domain di dng [email protected], hay info...... sau khi ng k xong ta load softwrae No-ipduc.Exe(http://www.no-ip.com/downloads.php?page=win)

Sau khi bn Setup vo my ln mu tin bn phi nh vo tn ban ng k v pass (tndng email ca bn)


30/61



Sau khi ng nhp thnh cng ban c menu sau (bn chn vo vng trn ) khi thy hinhmt ci l bn ng k thnh cng.

by giminh mun chia s file vi 1 ngi khc mt ni no (mc nh l ta ang ctrong internet) ta ch cn cung cp Domain name ftp://tenban.no-ip.com/v user & pass.

Chc bn thnh cng.


31/61



CC TNH NNG KH HAY CA GMAIL

Gmail l mt hp th kh tuyt c dung lng ln 1GB . Do ch mi th nghim nn cha hon thin lm . Tuynhin vi cc tnh nng c o sau s khin ti cm thy rt ng khi phi b th gian ch i v xin x ngikhc tm v mi ( Invite ) s dng c c mt hp th Gmail .

Nhanh hn chut l tnh nng Keyboard Shortcut , bn s tit kim c kh nhiu thi gian thay v phi di chuyn v

click chut th khi bn bt tnh nng ny , bn ch cn nhn phm hoc mt t hp phm . ( c phi lnhanh hn chut khng . ) bt chc nng ny , bn ng nhp vo hp th v nhp chut vo lin kt settings v chn kim

Keyboard shortcuts On v nhn vo nt Save Changes lu li cu hnh .

Danh sch phm tt :

l mt vi phm tt quan trng v thng xuyn s dng . Bn c th tham kho thm danh schphm tt tihttp://gmail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=6594&query=Keyboard&topic=&type=f

Khng vo nhng vn bit c th L mt trong nhng tin ch va c GMAIL cp nht . GMAIL Notifier s gip bn kim tra th v

thng bo cho bn bit khi c th mi . Chng trnh ny vn ang th nghim , ch tng thch viWin 2000 / XP . Download ti http://toolbar.google.com/gmail-helper/ .


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Sau khi ci t GMAIL Notifier chy thng tr trn khay h thng , Nhp phi chut vo biu tngca Gmail Notifier ( c hnh bc th ) chn Check Mail Now kim tra th , View Inbox m hp thv Tell Me Again nhc li ln na nu bn khng c nhanh mt v hp thoI thng bo c th caGMAIL Notifier xut hin v tt i qu nhanh .

Lu : trong ln u tin s dng , Gmail Notifier bt bn ng nhp bng ti khon hp th Gmail ,Phn User khng c ui @gmail.com . Nu ng nhp thnh cng ri th trong nhngln sau chng trnh s khng cn bt bn ng nhp na .

Tm kim th cc nhanh Vi 1GB , bn khng cn lo s hp th b y na nn khng cn phi xo th thng xuyn nh trc

na . Tuy nhin nu ngy cng nhiu th th tht kh qun l v sp xp nhng may thay Gmail c tchhp chc nng tm kim , vn l mt th mnh ca Google .

Nhp t kho cn tm v nhp chut vo nt Search Mail . kt qu s c tr v ngay lp tc ( sdng ng truyn ADSL ) .


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Sau y l danh sch mt s cc t kho thng dng vic tm kim t kt qu chnh xc hn Xemthm danh sch t kho ti :http://gmail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=7190&query=Advanced&topic=&type=f

CC LI THNG GP I VI MODEM

1. Modem v line in thoi:Modem b chim dng bi chng trnh khc :bo li " Error 602: The modem is being used by

another Dial-Up Networking connection close the other connection,anh try again "

-Nguyn nhn: Modemb chim dng bi chng trnh nh Winfax, chng trnh Media Pilot (i vi my

Compaq). . .

-Cch khc phc : Thot khi cc chng trnh ang chim dng Modem .


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My Detect c Modem nhng khi quay s bo ?No dial tone? c th do cc trng hp sau:

-Nguyn nhn : ng dy in thoi khng tip xc tt ,li Modem h .

-Cch khc phc: Kim tra li ng dy in thoi v Modem.

My khng Detect (khng nhn dng c Modem).

-Nguyn nhn:+ Cable ni t Modem n my tnh tip xc khng tt.

+ Cable ni cng COM tip xc khng tt hoc cng COM my tnh h.

+ Khc phc: Kim tra cable Modem v Cable ni cng COM (gn cht vo).

Khng kt ni vo mng c . Bo li: ?There is no anwer. An error occourred while establishing the Dial

Up network connection ?VNN? hoc ?Unable to establishing Dial Up Network connection. Please go to ?Dial Up

networking and make sure your connections are configed property.?

-Nguyn nhn: ng dy in thoi khng tt hoc do chng trnh ci t Modem li.

-Cch khc phc:

+ Kim tra ng dy in thoi.

+ Xa v ci li Modem.

2. Li do chng trnh:

Khng to biu tng kt ni c: bo li ?error rundll32??.

-Nguyn nhn: Do trong qu trnh ci Folder Dial-up Networking trn windows sai phin bn.

-Cch khc phc: Ci li Folder Dial-up Networking ng phin bn Windows m bn ang

chy.

Quay s kt ni vo c nhng khi n trng thi ?verify username and pasword ? bo ?

uncompatible protocol??.

-Nguyn nhn: Do thiu giao thc TCP/IP .

-Cch khc phc: Ci thm TCP/IP vo.

Kt ni vo mng c nhng khng nhn c mail.

-Nguyn nhn:

+ Mt khu mail sai.

+ Sai thng s Incoming Mail server (POP3)

-Khc phc:

+ G li mt khu th.

+Tt ch g ch Vit.

+ Khai bo li thng s Incoming Mail server (POP3): mail.hcm.vnn.vn

Kt ni vo mng c nhng khng gi c mail.


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-Nguyn nhn: Sai thng s Outgoing Mail Server(SMTP)

-Khc phc: Khai bo li thng s Outgoing Mail Server(SMTP): smtp.hcm.vnn.vn

Khng kt ni vo mng . Bo li: ?Error 691 : The computer you?re dialing into cannot establish a

Dial up networking connection Check you password and then try again?

-Nguyn nhn: Sai mt khu truy nhp

-Khc phc: Gii quyt ging nh sai mt khu th, Nu nh bn bn khng th no kt ni

c mng th bn yu cu ISP cp li mt khu mi.

Kt ni vo khong 10 n 15 pht th ngt khi mng

-Nguyn nhn: ng dy in thoi ca bn b nhiu hoc Modem ca bn tc kt

ni qu thp.

-Khc phc:

+Th kt ni bng ng dy in thoi khc.

+Tng tc Modem c th kt ni ln nht (trong phn chnh sa cc thng s ca biu

tng kt ni )

+ Ch : Nu bn tng tc qu cao c th Modem khng quay s kt ni vo mng c

lc bn c th gim tc thp xung bt.

Li 664: The system has run out of memory

-Nguyn nhn: My tnh ca bn khng b nh quay s kt ni.

-Khc phc: tt mt s chng trnh ang m v quay s li.Li 666:The modem is not functioning

-Nguyn nhn: Modem hoc mt s thit b khc khng p ng, c th do mt s nguyn

nhn sau:

+Nu ngun cung cp Modem(External).

+Cp ni gia Modem v cng Com my tnh.

+Li do phn cng ca Modem.

-Khc phc:+Kim tra cp ni gia Modem v cng Com my tnh.

+Tt ngun Modem khong 15-20 giy ri bt li.

Li 668: The connection was terminated

-Nguyn nhn: tng t li 652.

-Khc phc: tng t nh li 652.


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Li 676: The phone line is busy.

-Nguyn nhn: Dy in thoi b bn.

-Khc phc: Cn kim tra ng dy in thoi, v th kt ni li (Redial). Ban c th ci t

cho my t ng gi li bng cch vo phn Options ca phn Properties ca Connections.

Li 678: There was no answer

-Nguyn nhn: Khng c tr li t line in thoi.Modem ca bn khng ly c tn hiu

Tone ca ng dy in thoi.

-Khc phc: Kim tra xem line in thoi c cm vo modem cha, kim tra li s in

thai cn gi (1260) v gi li. Cn chc chn l line in thoi c cm vo ng l cm

trn modem (l Line).

Li 679: The system could not detect the carrier

-Nguyn nhn: Modem ca bn hay modem xa khng tr li. a s modem tr v li nytrong trng hp modem tr li khng tr li.

-Khc phc:Bn kim tra li s in thoi v gi li.

Li 680: There was no dial tone

-Nguyn nhn: Khng c tone ca line in thoi.Li ny thng xy ra cho cc modem s

dng line in thoi ca tng i ni b; khi gi ra ngoi, bn cn c s 9 trc ly

tone ca line in thoi ngoi.

-Khc phc: bn cn kim tra xem ni line in thoi v modem ng cha. Nu bntrong h thng tng i ni b, cn c thm du phy (,) sau s 9 c thi gian tr cho

vic ly tone line in thoi ngoi.

Li 691: Access was denied because the use name and/or password was invalid on the domain

-Nguyn nhn: Account ca bn c th cha c khai bo bi h thng, hoc do password

ca bn b ht hn s dng, hoc do bn g b sai Password.

-Khc phc:Cn ht sc ch khi g Password. Ch ch ting vit ca h thng

Windows ca Bn c th lm cho Password ca bn b sai.Li 692: There was a hardware failure in the modem

-Nguyn nhn: modem ca bn hoc modem xa khng tr li do cc li sau:

+Modem ca bn ang tt, b trc trc, hoc cha c ni vo my tnh

+Cng serial (COM) ca bn b li.


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Li 756: The connection is already being dialed.

-Nguyn nhn: line in thoi ang bn, ang kt ni

-Khc phc: ch v quay li sau .

3. Mt s li thng bo trn mn hnh khi kt ni v khi s dng:

Li 630 : The Modem was disconnected due to hardware failure.

-Nguyn nhn: c th do mt s nguyn nhn sau:+Cp ni gia modem v cng COM tip xc khng tt hoc cc thit b lin lc thng tin khc.+Cng COM hng.+Modem.-Khc phc:+Kim tra li cp ni gia modem v cng COM ca my tnh.+Kim tra cng COM v ModemLi 633: The Modem is already in use or not configured for dialing out.

-Nguyn nhn: Modem b chim dng bi chng trnh khc v d: Win Fax Pilot hoc cha thit lp cu hnhquay s.

-Khc phc: Tt cc chng trnh ang chim dng Modem.Li 636:The device attached to the port is not the one expected.

-Nguyn nhn: S khng nht qun gia cu hnh phn cng v ci t cc thng s kt ni trn my bn. Vd: khi bn cp Modem lp vo cng COM2, trong khi khi ci t cc thng s Modem bn li chn cngCOM1, COM3 hoc COM4.-Khc phc: ci t li ng cu hnh lp t Li 651:The modem has reported an error.

-Nguyn nhn: Modem(External) ca bn cha cp ngun.-Khc phc: tt / bt ngun Modem v kt ni li.Li 652 :There was an unrecognized response from the modem.

-Nguyn nhn: c th do 1 trong 2 nguyn nhn sau:

+Nu Modem ca bn ang dng loi External c th cha cp ngun.+Tc khi to ca modem qu ln (Maximum modem port speed).-Khc phc:+Tt / bt ngun Modem.+Gim bt tc modem (Control panel/Modem/Properties) v d: 115200 57600.4. Li do chng trnh Mail:

Li : Chng trnh Outlook Express bo li tp tin Msimnui.dll ?This program has performed an

illegal operation and will be shut down. If the problem persists, contact the program vendor? v

khi bn nhp chut vo ch Details th bn nhn c thng tin sau: ?MSIMN caused an invalid

page fault in module MSIMNUI.DLL at .?

-Nguyn nhn: l do bn ci t phn mm Outlook Express vi mt phin bn c hn phin bn hin c trc trn my ca bn.-Cch khc phc:*Cch th nht.+C bn nht khc phc s c ny l bn xa b chng trnh Outlook Express trong my ca bn v ci tmt chng trnh Outlook Express mi vi Version cao hn*Cch th hai.Bn tm v xa b cc tp tin sau *.idx, *.mbx, *.nch. hc hin c iu bn lm nh sau :


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+Bn kch chut vo ch Start ->Find ->Files or Folders. Trong Named bn g *.idx v trong Look in bnchn a C. Sau bn click chut vo ch Find . My tm ra cho bn mt s tp tin c ui l .idx bn xatt c i. Bn tip tc lp li cc bc trn i vi cc tp tin c ui dng *.mbx v *.nch.Lu : Trong tt c cc cch hng dn di y u c th lm mt i nhng bc th c ca hp th trongmy tnh ca bn. V vy bn nu bn mun gi li nhng bc th th bn phi copy inbox li.Li : Chng trnh Outlook Express b treo my khi bn gi v nhn mail. Khi bn dng Outlook

Express nu bn son th xong v bm vo nt send gi th i th t nhin my ca bn b

treo v bn phi khi ng (Restart) li my sau mi gi i c.

-Nguyn nhn: Chn sai biu tng quay s kt ni vo mng.-Khc phc tnh trng ny bn lm nh sau:+Trn chng trnh Outlook Express bn nhp vo menu: Tools -> Options -> Send. Trong hp thoi bn sthy dng ch nhp b chn trong : Send messages immediately -> OK.+Tip theo bn vo ca Click chut vo tr li vo ch Tools->accounts ->Mails. Chn Account VNN ( thng ldng Mail.hcm.vnn.vn) -> Properties->Connections. Trong hp thoi, bn kim tra chng trnh mail ging nhhnh di y khng?+Li kt ni vo Internet nhng khi nhp nt Send and Receive thy xut hin hp thoi


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hoc sau khi n nt Cancel thy xut hin hp thoi sau y:

-Nguyn nhn :+ Sai tn truy cp vo hp thoi maill.+Sai mt khu mail.-Khc phc: kim tra tn v mt khu vo hp th.Ch : Tn v mt khu truy cp vo hp th u phi phn bit ch in hoa v ch in thng.


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BIN MY BN THNH INTEL PENTIUM IV

Nu my bn thuc lai my con nh ngho nhng bn vn c th t ho khoe vi bn b mnh my bnthuc c Pentum IV th vi th thut nh sau y s bin gic m thnh s tht

i vi Win9x Bc 1: Bn m trnh san tho Notepad

o Bn nh dng lnh sau y: REGEDIT4

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Hardware\Description\System\CentralProcessor\0]"VendorIdentifier"="Intel Pentium IV CPU: 3.4 GHz""Identifier"="Only Power Of Intel"

Bc 2: Bn lu an lnh di dng .reg (v d : IntelP4.reg ) tip theo bn to mt Shortcut cafile bn va lu vo di chuyn n vo th mc Startup trong Windows.

Bc 3 : Trong th mc Startup bn chn tp tin m bn va Move vo v chn Tab shortcup chntarget v bin san vi ni dung :

o REGEDIT.EXE /s c:\Mydocuments\ IntelP4.reg ( y lnh ny c ngha l mi ln bn khing my file c ui .reg ny s t kch hat mt cch m thm v khng ai c th bit c,

ng dn trong c:\Mydocuments\ IntelP4.reg l ng dn ni v tn bn lu tp tin ) i vi WinXp Bn cng m trnh san tho v bin san ni dung sau:

o Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\HARDWARE\DESCRIPTION\System\CentralProcessor\0]"VendorIdentifier"="Intel Pentium IV CPU: 3.4 MHz""Identifier"="Only Power Of Intel"

Cc bc sau th bn cng lm tng t nh trnSau khi lm xong tt c cc bc tng ng vi Windows ca my bn th bn ch vic khi ng my li v vo

Systems Properties xem thnh qu lao ng ca mnh, chc cc bn thnh cng v c c mt cu hnhmy nh .

BIN CH START TRN WINDOWS XP THNH TN GI TY THCH

Bi vit ny ti s gii thiu mt th thut nh m bn c th t tn gi ty cho nt Start trn WindowsXP. im hay ca th thut ny l nt Start mi to ra khng b gii hn ch trong 5 k t nh mt s cchlm khc

Lu trc khi thc hin: Th thut ny ch ng dng cho H iu hnh Windows XP phin bn Professional v Home. Tp tin m th thut ny s dng l explorer.exe ti th mc C:\Windows (C: l phn vng a ci

t h iu hnh Windows XP). Bn nn sao lu li tp tin ny vi mt tn mi (v d: ExBackup.exe)

vo cng th mc ny dng khi cn thit. Windows XP ca bn phi s dng giao din chun mc nh l Windows XP (themes) th th thut thay

i ny mi c hiu lc. thit lp giao din chun ny bn vo Desktop\ Properties\ chn tabThemes v duyt n theme Windows XP. Bn cng c th chn giao din chun hin th kt qusau khi thc hin hon tt th thut ny.

THC HIN Bc 1: Ti v phn mm Resource Hacker

- Thc hin th thut ny bn s cn n mt cng c bin tp c bit l Resource Hacker hiu


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chnh tp tin explorer.exe trong WindowsXP. y l mt phn mm min ph dng xem, hiuchnh, thay i tn, thm xa... cc tp tin ngun (*.res) v cc tp tin thc thi (*.exe, *.dll, *.cpl,*.ocx...) trn cc ng dng Windows 32 bits (t Win95 n WinXP).

Resource Hacker phin bn hin ti l v3.4.0 (dung lng 540 KB), bn c th ti v cc a chhttp://delphi.icm.edu.pl/ftp/tools/ResHack.zip hay

http://www.users.on.net/~johnson/resourcehacker/reshack.zip

Cng cn ti tp tin hng dn s dng (dung lng 115 KB) ti:

http://www.users.on.net/~johnson/resourcehacker/reshack_hlp.zip

- Sau khi ti phn mm xong, bn gii nn tp tin ResHack.zip vo mt th mc no trn a cngv chn tp tin ResHacker.exe thc hin th thut ny. Phn mm ny t chy, khng cn phi cit

Bc 2: Chnh sa tp tin Explorer.exeo Bn vo File\Open v m tp tin explorer.exe ti th mc C:\Windows\.o Chn th mc String Table. Nhp chut vo du + pha trc String Table hay nhp kp

vo String Table m rng th mc ny.

o Duyt n mc 37 v chn mc 1033, bn s thy mn hnh mi hin ra nh hnh 3 (phnA)

o n y, bn s thay i ch Start (ti dng 578 c nh du nh trong hnh 3 phn A)bng mt ch no ty bn. y ti s dng tn v d l Quan tri mang thay cho ch

start bng cch qut chn ch hay nhp kp chut ln ch start.o Lu :

1/ Bn khng c xa i du nhy kp m ch thay th phn ch bn trong du nhykp thi (xem hnh 3 phn B); 2/ Bn c th t mt tn mi bao gm c khong trng

v k t c bit nh: ! @ # $.

So snh hnh 3 phn A (bn trn) v phn B (bn di) bn s thy sau khi nhp voch The Gioi @ hay bt k ch no khc th nt Compile Script (b m i trong phn

A) c t m ln bn chp nhn thay i (m ln trong phn B). Nu bn


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ng vi ch va thay th, bn phi nhp vo nt Compile Script ny th thay imi c hiu lc.

Bn s lu li tp tin ny vi mt tn mi ti th mc C:\Windows bng cch chn ttrnh n File\ Save As (xem hnh 4).

Lu : 1/ Bn phi nhp vo tn mi vi c phn m rng l .exe ( y ti dng tntp tin l quantrimang.exe); 2/ Quy cch t tn tp tin: Khng c dng cc k tc bit hay khong trng; 3/ Bn khng nn lu li trng vi tn explorer.exe bngcch dng phm tt Ctrl + S hay t trnh n File\ Save; 4/ Bn c th vo th mcC:\Windows kim tra li tp tin mi ny c cng thuc tnh v dung lng vi tp tin

explorer.exe ban u hay khng.

Bc 3: Chnh sa Registryo Sau khi hon tt thay i tn gi cho ch start, bn phi ng k vi Registry Windows XP

nhn bit c thay i ny ca bn khi khi ng my tnh.o Bn vo trnh n Start\ Run, nhp vo Regedit (khng c du ngoc kp) v nhn Enter hay

nt OK trn hp thoi ny, mn hnh Registry Editor s hin ra. Tip theo, bn duyt n thmc Winlogon theo ng dn sau:[HKEY_LOCAL_ MACHINE\SOFT WARE\Microsoft\ Windows NT \ CurrentVersion\ Winlogon]

o Bn chn n kha Shell trong khung mn hnh bn phi.o Tip theo, bn nhp kp vo kha Shell (kha c t sng trong mn hnh bn phi) m

hp thoi Edit String. Trong d liu Value data, bn nhp vo tn tp tin mi m bn

thay i l quantrimang.exe nh bc 2 trn y, v nhp OK.o Sau khi hon tt bc cp nht trn y, tp tin explorer.exe c i thnh

quantrimang.exe, xem hnh 5 phn B.

o Kt thc bc 3 ny, bn ng mn hnh Registry v khi ng li my tnh th th thut thay

i ny mi c hiu lc.Lu sau khi thc hin th thut ny:

1/ Nu khi ng my tnh ri m ch start vn cn xut hin trn menu Windows, bn hy kim tra li xemgiao din Windows m bn ang dng c phi l giao din chun mc nh khng (Windows XP theme). Nukhng ng th bn thc hin thay i giao din nh lu trong phn u ca th thut ny.

2/ Trng hp bn khi ng li my tnh m mn hnh khng xut hin g c, bn s thc hin khc phc sc khng mong mun ny nh sau:


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Nhn t hp phm nng Ctrl+Alt+Del vo Windows Task Manager. Bn vo File\New Task (Run...) (chc nng tng t nh bn vo Start\Run) v nhp vo regedit

m tp tin Registry, sau nhn Enter hay phm OK trn hp thoi ny. Thc hin ging nh bc 3, nhng ln ny bn cho gi tr trong d liu Value data tr v gi tr ban

u ca n l explorer.exe (hay l ExBackup.exe nh v d trong phn lu u tin ca th thutny).

Hon tt chnh sa Registry xong, bn tr li Windows Task Manager vo tab Shut Down\ Restart khi ng li, my tnh ca bn s tr v trng thi ban u.3/ Trong Process (vo Task Manager v chn tab Process) trn my tnh bn xut hin tp tin

quantrimang.exe ang c hot ng. Bn cng ng ngc nhin v bn cng ng kt thc khi thyProcess ny xut hin nh! Nu bn kt thc (End Process) ny th Windows ca bn s mt i trnh Explorerv s khng hot ng bnh thng. Gii thch cho s xut hin ny l v bn thay i explorer.exe bngtp tin quantrimang.exe khi thc hin chnh sa Registry bc 3 trn y.

Chc bn thnh cng!

B KP KHAI THC LC VIT MTD 2002

Lc Vit t in l mt b t in kh thng dng , c s dng trong hu ht cc my tnh vnphng trong nc . Mi ngi u dng Lc Vit MTD trong cng vic tra cu ca mnh . Tuy nhin , khngphi ai cng bit khai thc c cc tnh nng ca b t in a nng ny . Bi vit ny xin gii thiu vi chiutn dng cc tnh nng sn c ca Lc Vit MTD .Chiu th nht : c vn bn bng c ting Anh ln Vit

Chiu ny rt thch hp cho cc vc s cn luyn nghe - ni bng ting Anh hay cc ng ty munhc ting vit ca chng ta .

Vo Menu Tools > Listening . Hp thoi Listening hin ra ( hnh 1 ) , Bn g ni dung cn c vokhung text sau chn ngn ng thch hp bng cch bm vo mt trong cc nt chn Vietnamese vEnglish trong phn languages . Ngoi ra , bn c th chnh li m lng ( Volume ) , tc ( rate ) ,cng ( Pitch ) bng cch ko cc thanh tng ng trc khi chn Play bt u nghe .

o Lu : pht m ng Ting Vit , khi g , bn nn dng b g ting vit Built In ca lc

Vit MTD bng cch nh vo nt Vietnamese , chn kiu g Vni hay telex . v nu sdng cc b g khc nh vietkey hay Unikey , bn c th s bt ci V bt ng trccch nh vn rt ng ca nhn vt trong t in .

thay i ging c khc , chng ta vo menu tools > options , chuyn n th voice( hnh 2 ) ,Sau , chn li ging c trong danh sch th xung trong phn voice rinhn Ok thay i c hiu lc


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Chiu Th hai : To b t in mi cho chnh bn .

Vi Lc Vit MTD 2002 , bn c th qun l , xa , chnh sa hay to thm cho mnh mt b t in chuynmn khng thua km cc b t in sn c ( ch c iu , hi b cc mt t thi ) . Bn c th lm c nhngiu y trong hp thoi qun l t in ( Tools > Dictionary managerment ) .Trong bi ny , xin trnh by bn cch to thm mt b t in mi .


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o Trc tin , bn bt hp thoi qun l t in trong Menu Tools > Dictionary managerment . Sau nhn vo nt Create to mt t in mi .

o Trong hp thoi Create a Dictionary , bn in y cc thng s nh Tn tp tin ( File name , khngcn g phn ui m rng ) , Tiu Ting Vit ( Vietnamse Title ) , Ting Anh ( English Title ) , Tcgi ( Author ) , nh xut bn ( Publisher) . Trong phn Type Of dictionary , bn chn loi t in tngng hoc chn Other ri nhn Ok ( hnh 3 ) . Lc Vit MTD 2002 s gip bn to mt tp tin c dng

tentaptinbandachon.ditnm trong th mc Data trong th mc ci t ca MTD . y chnh l mngun ca b t in mi ca bn . Bn c th copy tp tin ny v em ph bin hoc tng cho bn b.

o Va to xong , t in ca bn d nhin l chng c g c . V th bn cn b dung thm t vo cho n

bng cch chn n tab t in ca bn trong ca s chnh v nhn vo nt thm t mivo trong t in ca bn . Hp thoi Add an Entry xut hin ( hnh 4 ) , bn in t cn thm vo New Entry ri nhn Ok n bc tip theo

o n ca s MTD Editor ( hnh 5 ) , cc mc cn a vo ni dung t in c lit k theo th t trnthanh lit k nm bn tri ca mn hnh Editor. Trong c cc mc :

Phonetic Transcription : Phin m quc t ca t Other Spelling : Cch vit khc ca t Parts Of Speech : T loi : danh t , ng t , tnh t Meanings : Ngha Examples : V d Idioms : Thnh ng Examples for Idioms : V d thnh ng


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Normal text : vn bn b sung thm v thng thng mc nhp ngha trong MTD b gii hn slng t

Multimedia : Chn thm t liu , hnh nh , m thanh Rich Text Format : RTF tng t nh Normal text nhng c thm nhiu tnh nng nh in

nghing , in m , i mu ch , i phng Move up , move down : Di chuyn , sp xp li th t trnh by ca cc mc .

Remove Entry : xa mc ny . Close : thot khi MTD Editor .

Bn chn mc no mnh cn thm vo cho t bng cch nhp vo cc nt tng ng . Mc s xut hintrong phn son tho v bn ch vic g ni dung cn a vo . Sau nhn nt Save lu li v close thot khi . Tip tc vi cc t cn li v bn s c mt b t in hon chnh . Bn c th tham kho k hntrong phn tr gip ca Lc Vit MTD ( Nhn Phm F1 hoc vo menu Help > Help )

Chiu th 3 : Thm t in c trong my vo MTD Trong chiu trc , bn to thm mt t in mi cn chiu ny , bn c th Import cc tp tin .dit vo

trong Lc Vit MTD s dng ( trong trng hp : bn c tng mt b t in c to bng chiu s 2trn ) . Trc tin , bn phi chp tp tin .dit vo th mc ci t ca MTD , sau vo hp thoi Dictionarymanagerment , bn nhn nt Add MTD t ng d tm gip bn cc b t in i lc ( khng c trong danhsch t in trong phn List of Existing dictionaries ) . MTD s d tm cc tp tin .dit c trong th mc ci tv lit k danh sch cc t in m n tm c ( trong s c t in bn mun thm vo ) . By gi , vicca bn l chn tn t in trong dictionaries found v nhn nt Ok ( hnh 6 ) . Th l xong .


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BEHAVIORS - MT CHC NNG RT HAY TRONG FRONTPAGE 2003

y l mt chc nng rt hay nhng t ngi bit n trong Frontpage. Rt tin li , b ch cho nhng ngi thch thit website nhng khng rnh v lp trnh HTML , java script . Behaviors s gip bn to ra cc website sng ng m khng c

bit g v java script !! Khi ng Behaviors : Format > Behaviors s hin ln hp thoi nh hnh di.Cch s dng :

- Nt Insert : chn cc s kin- Nt Delete : xo s kinTrong bng Behaviors c 2 phn :+ Phn Events : tn s kin , bn c th thay i cc skin chnh nh sau ( khi click vo tn s kin s hin ramenu chn ) :- onafterupdate : sau khi cp nht- onclick : khi bn click chut vo i tng

- ondbclick : khi nhp 2 ln vo i tng- onkeydown : khi c mt phm c nhn.- onkeypress : khi c mt phm b nhn v gi khng nhln ( phm )- onkeyup : khi nh phm- onmousedown : khi nhn chut vo i tng- onmousemover : khi di chuyn chut trn i tng- onmouseout : khi tr chut ri i tng- onmouseover : khi di chuyn chut ln i tng- onmouseup : khi click chut nhng th ra lin- onresize : khi thay i kch thc

- onload : khi m trang web- onfilterchange : khi c s thay i


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+ Phn Actions : tn hnh ng ( khng th thay inn khi sai th Delete ri Insert li )

- Call Script : gi mt file Java Script. Khi bn nhnvo y c mt hp thoi yu cu bn nhn tn fileJava Script m bn vit ( nn lu fi le .js cn dung th mc gc )

- Change Property : thay i nh dng ca hnhnh, table , text. Khi nhp vo s hin ra mt hp thoivi cc nh dng tng ng, bn ch vic thay i. Cmt nt chn pha di l Restore on mouseout event :tc l s phc hi nh dng ban u khi tr chut rii tng.- Change Property restore : phc hi li nh dngban u ca i tng.( khng phi Insert lnh ny khibn chn Restore on mouseout event)- Check Browser : chn mt trnh duyt m trangweb.- Check Pulg-in : chn pulg-in

- Go to URL : m mt lin kt- Jump Menu : to mt nemu s xung- Open Browser Window : m mt trang web vica s mi ( c th thay i kch thc... ca ca s )- Play sound : chi nhc- Popup message : to mt thng bo- Set text : to text trong thanh Status bar hoc layerhoc frame hoc text field- Swap image : thay i hnh nh- Swap image : phc hi hnh nh ban u

Lu : bn c th p dng nhiu s kin hnh ng cho mt i tng. Chc cc bn c mt website sng b ch


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NHNG HNG DN TNG CNG AN TON, BO MT CHO H THNGMNGPHN I

Bi Hng QuangSu tm ti website Viethacker

Email: [email protected] [email protected]

Gii thiu

Bi vit ny s trnh by cc vn c xem l nn tng ca an ton, bo mt trong mt t chc, doanhnghip. Cc vn c trnh by bao gm c bo mt mc h thng v ng dng s l c s cho cc tchc khi mun xy dng c ch bo mt. Ti liu cng gip bn rt ngn c thi gian tip cn vn mbo an ton cho h thng mng ni b ca mnh. Bn khng cn mt nhiu thi gian tm hiu mi th. Khixem xt mi vn , ni tt nht khi u chnh l cc cn bn y, chng ti s trnh by 6 bc cbn h thng bo mt tt hn.

Bc 1: Thnh lp b phn chuyn trch v vn bo mt

Bt k k hoch bo mt no cng cn s h tr trn nhiu phng din khc nhau, nu n mun thnh cng.Mt trong nhng phng thc tt nht c th c s h tr l nn thit lp mt b phn chuyn trch vvn bo mt. B phn ny s chu trch nhim trc cng ty v cc cng vic bo mt.

Mc ch trc tin ca b phn ny l gy dng uy tn vi khch hng. Hot ng ca bphn ny s khin cho khch hng cm thy yn tm hn khi lm vic hoc s dng cc dchv ca cng ty. B phn ny c trch nhim thng xuyn cung cp cc lu , cnh bo linquan n an ton bo mt thng tin nhm trnh cc ri ro ng tic cho khch hng v cng

ty.B phn ny cn c trch nhim tm hiu, a ra gii php, c ch bo mt cho ton cng ty.S l hiu qu v xc thc hn khi cng vic ny c thc hin bi chnh i ng trongcng ty thay v i thu mt cng ty bo mt khc thc hin.

Cui cng, mt b phn chuyn trch v vn bo mt c th thay i cch lm, cch thc hin cng vickinh doanh ca cng ty tng tnh bo mt trong khi cng ci tin c sc sn xut, cht lng, hiu qu vto ra sc cnh tranh ca cng ty. V d, chng ta hy ni n VPN (Virtual Private Network), y l mt cngngh cho php cc nhn vin m bo an ton khi c email, lm vic vi cc ti liu ti nh, hay chia s cngvic gia hai nhn vin hay hai phng ban.

Bc 2: Thu thp thng tinTrc khi a ra cc thng bo m t thc hin bo mt, bn phi lng c mi tnh hung s xy ra, khngch bao gm ton b cc thit b v h thng i km trong vic thc hin bo mt m cn phi k n c cctin trnh x l, cc cnh bo bo mt, s thm nh hay cc thng tin cn c bo v. iu ny rt quantrng khi cung cp mt ci nhn bao qut v h thng bo mt ca cng ty. S chun b ny cng nn thamchiu ti cc chnh sch bo mt cng nh cc hng dn thc hin ca cng ty trong vn an ton bo mt.Phi lng trc c nhng g xy ra trong tng bc tin hnh ca cc d n.


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kim tra mc yu km ca h thng, hy bt u vi nhng vn c th dn ti ri ro cao nhttrong h thng mng ca bn, nh Internet. Hy s dng c ch bo mt bn ngoi t sn phm ca mt hngc danh ting, c th cung cp thng tin cn thit c lng mc bo mt hin ti ca cng ty bn khi b tncng t Internet. S thm nh ny khng ch bao gm vic kim tra cc l hng, m cn gm c cc phn tcht ngi s dng, h thng c kt ni bng VPN, mng v cc phn tch v thng tin cng cng sn c.

Mt trong nhng cn nhc mang tnh quan trng l thm nh t bn ngoi vo. y chnh l im mu chttrong vic nh gi h thng mng. in hnh, mt cng ty s dng c ch bo mt bn ngoi, cung cp ccdch v email, Web theo c ch , th h nhn ra rng, khng phi ton b cc tn cng u n t Internet.

Vic cung cp lp bo mt theo account, mng bo v bn thn h t chnh nhng ngi s dng VPN v ccng nghip, v to ra cc mng ring r t cc cng truy cp u cui l ton b cc u th ca c ch ny.

C ch bo mt bn trong cng gip vic qun l bo mt cng ty c tt hn. Bng cch kim tra ton bcng vic kinh doanh, cc c ch chnh sch, cc qu trnh x l, xc thc d liu tng phn vi nhngg c m t, hay s tng thch vi nhng chun tn ti c thm nh. C ch bo mt bn trong cungcp thng tin mt cch chi tit tng t nh vic kho st k lng phm vi mc su hn, thm ch bao gmc vic ph m mt khu v cc cng c phn tch h thng kim tra tnh tng thch v chnh sch trongtng lai.

Bc 3: Thm nh tnh ri ro ca h thngKhi thm nh tnh ri ro ca h thng, hy s dng cng thc sau:

Tnh ri ro = Gi tr thng tin * Mc ca l hng * Kh nng mt thng tin Tnh ri ro bng vi gi tr thng tin trong cu hi (bao gm gi tr ng tin, gi tr thi gianmy b li do li bo mt, gi tr mt mt khch hng tng i), thi gian ca quy m lhng (tng cng/tng phn ca tn tht d liu, thi gian h thng ngng hot ng, snguy him khi d liu hng), thi gian v kh nng xut hin mt thng tin. ly c cc kt qu t bc u (cc gi tr, bo co v c ch bo mt ngoi, v chnhsch bo mt), v tp trung vo 3 trong s cc mt thng c cp. Sau , bt u vi

mt s cu hi khung sau:

C ch bo mt tn ti ca cng ty c c ra r rng v cung cp binphp bo mt cha?

Kt qu t c ch bo mt bn ngoi c hp l so vi chnh sch bo mt ca cngty?

C mc no cn sa li trong c ch bo mt m khng c ch r trong chnh sch? H thng bo mt s mt tc dng trong tnh ri ro cao nht no? Gi tr, thng tin g mang tnh ri ro cao nht?

Cc cu tr li cung cp ci nhn ton din cho vic phn tch v ton b chnh sch bo mt

ca cng ty. C l, thng tin quan trng c ly trong qu trnh kt hp cc gi tr thmnh v tnh ri ro tng ng. Theo gi tr thng tin, bn c th tm thy cc gii php m tc ton b cc yu cu, bn c th to ra mt danh sch quan tm v l hng bo mt.Bc 4: Xy dng gii php

Trn thc t khng tn ti gii php an ton, bo mt thng tin dang Plug and Play cho cc t chc c bit khiphi m bo cc lut thng mi tn ti v phi tng thch vi cc ng dng, d liu sn c. Khng c


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mt ti liu no c th lng ht c mi l hng trong h thng v cng khng c nh sn xut no c thcung cp cc cng c cn thit. Cch tt nht vn l s dng kt hp cc gii php, sn phm nhm to rac ch bo mt a nng.

FirewallXem xt v la chn mt sn phm firewall hp l v a v hot ng ph hp vi chnhsch ca cng ty l mt trong nhng vic u tin trong qu trnh bo mt h thng. Firewallc th l gii php phn cng hoc phn mm hoc kt hp c hai. Nhim v ca firewall lngn chn cc tn cng trc tip vo cc thng tin quan trng ca h thng, kim sot ccthng tin ra vo h thng. Vic la chn firewall thch hp cho mt h thng khng phi ld dng. Cc firewall u ph thuc trn mt mi trng, cu hnh mng, ng dng c th.Khi xem xt la chn mt firewall, cn tp trung tm hiu tp cc chc nng ca firewall, tnhnng lc a ch, gi tin, ...

H thng kim tra xm nhp mng (IDS)

Mt firewall c gi l tt ch khi n c th lc v to kh nng kim sot cc gi tin khi i qua n. V ycng chnh l ni m h thng IDS nhp cuc. Nu bn xem firewall nh mt con p ngn nc, th th bn cth v IDS nh mt h thng iu khin lung nc trn cc h thng x nc khc nhau. Mt IDS, khng linquan ti cc cng vic iu khin hng i ca cc gi tin, m n ch c nhim v phn tch cc gi tin mfirewall cho php i qua, tm kim cc ch k tn cng bit (cc ch k tn cng chnh l cc on m cbit mang tnh nguy him cho h thng) m khng th kim tra hay ngn chn bi firewall. IDS tng ng vivic bo v ng sau ca firewall, cung cp vic chng thc thng tin cn thit m bo chc chn chofirewall hot ng hiu qu.

H thng kim tra xm phm da theo vng (H-IDS)S la chn, thc hin v s dng mt h thng kim tra s xm phm trn my ch da trn nhiu h iuhnh v mi trng ng dng ch nh. Mt hm chc nng y ca H-IDS c th cung cp cc thng bou n theo thi gian ca bt k s thay i no ti my ch t tc ng bn trong hay bn ngoi. N l mttrong nhng cch tt nht gim thiu s tn thng ca h thng. Vic tm kim h thng m h tr huht cc h iu hnh s dng trong t chc ca bn nn c xem nh mt trong nhng quyt nh chnh chomi H-IDS.

H thng kim tra xm phm da theo ng dng (App-IDS)

S lng App-IDS xut hin trn th trng ngy cng nhiu. Cc cng c ny thc hin vic phn tch ccthng ip t mt ng dng c th hay thng tin qua proxy ti ng dng . Trong lc chng c mc ch cth, chng c th cung cp mc bo mt tng ln theo tng mng ng dng c th. Khi c kt hp vi mtH-IDS, chng m bo rng s xm nhp ti mt my ch s gim thiu. Mt App-IDS nn c xem nh mtchc nng h tr bo mt trong sut, mc d khng ng trong mt s trng hp.

Phn mm Anti-Virus (AV)Phn mm AV nn c ci trn ton b my trm (workstation), my ch (server), h thngh tr dch v s, v hu ht nhng ni cha d liu quan trng vo ra. Hai vn quantrng nht xem xt khi t yu cu mt nh sn xut AV qun l nhiu my ch v mytrm trn ton b phm vi ca cng ty l kh nng nh cung cp c i ph c cc e


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do t virus mi hay khng. (nguyn nhn: khng bao gi cho rng phm mm ang chy,lun kim t phin bn ca virus v cc file cp nht cho virus mi).Mng ring o (VPN)

Vic s dng VPN cung cp cho cc nhn vin hay cc cng s truy cp ti cc ti nguyn ca cng ty t

nh hay ni lm vic khc vi mc bo mt cao, hiu qu nht trong qu trnh truyn thng, v lm tng hiuqu sn xut ca nhn vin. Tuy nhin, khng c iu g khng i km s ri ro. Bt k ti thi im no khimt VPN c thit lp, bn phi m rng phm vi kim sot bo mt ca cng ty ti ton b cc nt c ktni vi VPN.

m bo mc bo mt cho h thng ny, ngi s dng phi thc hin y cc chnh sch bo mt cacng ty. iu ny c th thc hin c qua vic s dng cc hng dn ca nh sn xut v dch v VPN nhhn ch cc ng dng c th chy nh, cng mng c th m, loi b kh nng chia knh d liu, thit lp hthng bo v virus khi chy h thng t xa, tt c cng vic ny gip gim thiu tnh ri ro. iu ny rt quantrng i vi cc cng ty phi i mt vi nhng e do trong vic kin co, mng ca h hay h thng cs dng tn cng cc cng ty khc.

Sinh trc hc trong bo mtSinh trc hc c bit n t mt s nm trc y, nhng cho n nay vn c rtnhiu kh khn cho vic nhn rng p dng cho cc h thng bo mt thng mi. Dutay, trng mt, ging ni, ..., cung cp bo mt mc cao trn cc mt khu thng thnghay chng thc hai nhn t, nhng cho n hin ti, chng cng vn c coi nh phngthc tt nht truy cp vo h thng.

Cc th h th thng minh

Cc cng ty gn y s dng s dng th thng minh nh mt phng thc bo mt hu hiu. Windows2000 cung cp c ch h tr th thng minh nh mt phng tin chnh trong vic chng thc quyn ngnhp h thng. Ni chung, s kt hp a cng ngh (nh trng mt, th thng minh, du tay) ang dn hon

thin v m ra mt thi i mi cho vic chng thc quyn truy cp trong h thng bo mt.

Kim tra my chS kim tra u n mc bo mt c cung cp bi cc my ch ph thuc ch yu vo squn l. Mi my ch trong mt cng ty nn c kim tra t Internet pht hin lhng bo mt. Thm na, vic kim tra t bn trong v qu trnh thm nh my ch v cnbn l cn thit gim thiu tnh ri ro ca h thng, nh khi firewall b li hay mt mych, h thng no b trc trc.Hu ht cc h iu hnh u chy trong tnh trng thp hn vi mc bo mt ti thiu vc rt nhiu l hng bo mt. Trc khi mt my ch khi a vo sn xut, s c mt qutrnh kim tra theo mt s bc nht nh. Ton b cc bn sa li phi c ci t trnmy ch, v bt c dch v khng cn thit no phi c loi b. iu ny lm trnh riro xung mc thp nht cho h thng.

Vic tip theo l kim tra cc log file t cc my ch v cc ng dng. Chng s cung cpcho ta mt s thng tin tt nht v h thng, cc tn cng bo mt. Trong rt nhiu trnghp, chnh l mt trong nhng cch xc nhn quy m ca mt tn cng vo my ch.


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Kim sot ng dngVn an ton bo mt trong m ngun ca cc ng dng hu ht khng c quan tm. iu ny khng

c th hin trn cc sn phm nh liu n c c mua, c download min ph hay c pht trin t mt

m ngun no . gip gim thiu s ri ro bo mt trong cc ng dng, thm nh li gi tr ca ng

dng trong cng ty, nh cng vic pht trin bn trong ca cc ng dng, iu ny cng c th bao gm cc

nh gi ca cc thc th bn ngoi nh ng nghip hay cc khch hng.

Vic iu khin cu hnh bo mt cc ng dng c th lm tng mc bo mt. Hu ht ccng dng c cu hnh ti mc ti thiu ca tnh nng bo mt, nhng qua cc cng c cuhnh, mc bo mt ca h thng c th c tng ln. Lng thng tin kim sot c cungcp bi ng dng cng c th c cu hnh. Ni m cc ng dng cung cp thng tin vquy m bo mt, thi gian kim sot v s phn tch thng tin ny s l cha kho kimtra cc vn bo mt thng tin.

Cc h iu hnh

S la chn h iu hnh v ng dng l qu trnh i hi phi c s cn nhc k cng. Chn ci g gia hiu hnh Microsoft hay UNIX, trong rt nhiu trng hp, iu thng do n tng c nhn sn phm. Khila chn mt h iu hnh, thng tin v nh sn xut khng quan trng bng nhng g nh sn xut lmc trong thc t, v kh nng bo tr hay d dng thc hin vi cc ti liu i km. Bt k mt h iu hnhno t 2 nm trc y u khng th m bo theo nhng chun ngy nay, v vic gi cc my ch, ngdng ca bn c cp nht thng xuyn s m bo gim thiu kh nng ri ro ca h thng.

Khi la chn mt h iu hnh, hy tm hiu khng ch cc tiu chun thng thng nh (qun tr, hiu nng,tnh chng thc), m cn phi xem xt kh nng p dng c ca h iu hnh vi h thng hin ti. Mt h

iu hnh c th cung cp c ch bo mt tt hn khi n tng thch vi cc ng dng chy bn trong n nhDNS hay WebServer, trong khi cc h iu hnh khc c th c nhiu chc nng tt hn nh mt h thngapplication, database hay email server.

Bc 5: Thc hin v gio dcBan u, s h tr cn thit s c c rt li v ln k hoch hon chnh cho d n bo mt. y chnh lbc i quan trng mang tnh chin lc ca mi cng ty v vn bo mt. Cc chi tit k thut ca bt k sm t no cng s thay i theo mi trng, cng ngh, v cc k nng lin quan, ngoi ra c mt phn khngnm trong vic thc thi bo mt nhng chng ta khng c coi nh, chnh l s gio dc. m bo sthnh cng bo mt ngay t lc u, ngi s dng phi c c s gio dc cn thit v chnh sch, gm c:

K nng v cc h thng bo mt mi, cc th tc mi. Hiu bit v cc chnh sch mi v ti sn, d liu quan trng ca cng ty. Hiu cc th tc bt buc mi, chnh sch bo mt cng ty.

Ni tm li, khng ch i hi ngi s dng c cc k nng c bn, m i hi hc phi bit nh ti sao v cig h ang lm l cn thit vi chnh sch ca cng ty.


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Bc 6: Tip tc kim tra, phn tch v thc hinHu ht nhng g mong i ca mt h thng bo mt bt k l chy n nh, iu khinc h thng v nm bt c cc lung d liu ca h thng. Qu trnh phn tch, tnghp cc thng tin, s kin t firewall, IDSs, VPN, router, server, v cc ng dng l cch duynht kim tra hiu qu ca mt h thng bo mt, v cng l cch duy nht kim trahu ht s vi phm v chnh sch cng nh cc li thng thng mc phi vi h thng.

Cc gi bo mt cho h thng v mng

Theo lun im ny, chng ti tp trung ch yu v cc bc mang tnh h thng cung cp mt h thngbo mt. T y, chng ti s ch ra mt vi bc i c th ci thin h thng bo mt, da trn kt quca vic s dng cc phng thc bo mt bn ngoi v bo mt bn trong ca h thng. Chng ti cng giihn phm vi ca cc gi ny theo cc vn chung nht m chng ti gp phi, cung cp, m t vn mt cch chnh xc hn cng nh cc thch thc m mng cng ty phi i mt ngy nay. mang tnhchuyn nghip hn v IT, cc gi ny c chia thnh cc phn nh sau:

c im ca bo mt

To b phn chuyn trch bo mt xem xt ton b cc vn lin quan ti bo mt Thc hin cc thng bo bo mt ti ngi s dng m bo mi ngi hiu v thc hin theo cc

yu cu cng nh s cn thit ca vic thc hin cc yu cu . To, cp nht, v theo di ton b chnh sch bo mt ca cng ty.

Windows NT/IIS Hu ht 95% cc vn bo mt ca NT/IIS, chng ta c th gii quyt theo cc bn sa li. m bo

chc chn ton b cc my ch NT v IIS c sa li vi phin bn mi nht. Xo (ng ci t) ton b cc script t Internet.

Cisco Routers Loi b cc tnh nng nh finger, telnet, v cc dch v, cng khc trn thit b nh tuyn (router). B cc gi tin ti nguyn IP dn ng trong router. Chy Unicast RPF ngn chn ngi s dng ca bn s dng vic gi mo IP. S dng router ca bn nh mt firewall pha trc v thc hin cc ACL tng t theo cc lut trong

firewall ca bn.

Quy nh chung v cu hnh firewall

Cu hnh ca firewall nn c cc lut nghim ngt. Ch r cc lut i vi tng loi truy nhp c bn

ngoi ln bn trong. Gim thiu cc truy nhp t xa ti firewall. Cung cp h thng kim sot tp lut ca firewall. Kim tra li cc lut.

Cisco PIX Firewalls

Khng cho php truy cp qua telnet S dng AAA cho vic truy cp, iu khin h thng console


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Kim sot Firewall-1 Loi b cc lut mc nh cho php m ho v qun l ca firewall, thay th cc lut khng r rng

bng cc lut phn bit rch ri trong cng vic thc thi ca bn. Khng s dng mc nh lut allow DNS traffic - chp nhn lut ny ch cho cc my ch cung cp

DNS cho bn ngoi.

DNS bn trong Bt k my ch no cung cp DNS bn trong v cc dch v mang tnh cht ni b phi khng c

cung cp DNS bn ngoi. Kim tra vi nh cung cp DNS ca bn cu hnh bo v t thuc tnh cache poisoning

(Dch theo ti liu Comprehensive guide to securing networks and system)

NHNG HNG DN TNG CNG AN TON, BO MT CHO H THNGMNG

Mi quy tc then cht v an ton v bo mtPHN II

Ti trung tm hi p v an ton bo mt thng tin ca hng Microsoft, hng nghn cc bn bo co v an ninhh thng c nghin cu trong mi nm. Trong mt s trng hp, kt qu v mc an ton ca hthng xut pht t li trong sn phm. iu ny c ngha l s c mt bn sa li pht trin ngay sau khc phc li va tm c. Trong mt s trng hp, cc vn c bo co l kt qu n gin do lica ai to ra trong qu trnh s dng sn phm. Nhng li c rt nhiu trng hp m khng ri vo haitrng hp trn. chnh l cc vn an ton bo mt thng tin thc s, nhng cc vn ny li khng docc thiu st t sn phm. Theo nm thng, mt danh sch v nhng vn nh vy c pht trin gi l

Mi quy tc then cht v an ton v bo mt.

ng gi h thng ca bn hot ng trong khi ch i mt phin bn sa li mi, m hy bo v bn t ccvn m chng ti a ra di y. Cc li ny khng th do Microsoft hay bt k cc nh sn xut phnmm no c th sa c, bi v chng c to ra do chnh cch hot ng ca cc my tnh. Nhng cngng nh mt ht hi vng - iu ny ph thuc vo chnh bn thn bn vi cc li ny, v nu bn gi chngtrong u mnh, bn c th ci thin mt cch ng k cc h thng bo mt ca bn.

Lut #1 : Nu mt ngi no c th thuyt phc bn chy chng trnh ca anh ta trn mytnh ca bn, N s khng cn l my tnh ca bn na.

N chnh l mt trng hp ng tic ca h thng my tnh : khi mt chng trnh my tnh chy, n s thchin phn vic c lp trnh, thm ch nu phn vic c lp trnh gy nguy him cho h thng mytnh. Khi bn la chn mt chng trnh, chnh bn ang quyt nh bt ch iu khin my tnh cho chng

trnh . Khi mt chng trnh chy, n c th lm bt k th g, trn c nhng cng vic m bn c th lm ivi h thng. N c th iu khin cc phm bm ca bn, nhn ly thng tin v gi chng ti mt website. Nc th m mi ti liu trn h thng, v thay i chng vi t s tr thnh s khng trong ton b chng.N cng c th gi email khim nh ti cc ngi bn ca bn hay c th ci t mt chng trnh virus, to ramt ca ph m da vo n, mt ngi khc c th iu khin my tnh ca bn t xa.

chnh l l do ti sao tht l quan trng khi chy, thm ch download mt chng trnh t mt ti nguynkhng chng thc. Ti nguyn, y ti mun ni ti ngi vit n, khng phi ngi a n cho bn. Cmt s phn tch th v gia vic chy mt chng trnh v vic n mt chic bnh sandwich. Nu mt ngi xa


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l i ti bn v a cho bn mt chic bnh sandwich, vy liu bn c n n khng? c l l khng. Nu ngibn thn nht ca bn a bn chic bnh th sao?, c l bn s n, c l bn s khng, - iu ny pht

microsoft word - sach suu tam pi

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