micromeritics sedigraph particle size data based on ... del sedigrafo_frentz.pdf · micromeritics...

Micromeritics

SediGraph

Particle Size Data based

on Consolidated

Certainties

Dr. Michael Frenz Pedology Workshop Napoli, 22.2.2011

Outline

• Size This! – Particle Size is a Relative

Attribute!

• Comparison between Methods

• SediGraph Method

• Examples from the Atlantic Ocean

• Saturn DigiSizer II 5205

• Particle Insight – Image Analyser

• Summary

Size this!

Courtesy: C. Vogt, ZEKAM, University Bremen

Micromeritics Techniques

SediGraph Saturn

Elzone Particle Insight

Glass beads

D10

µm

D50

µm

D90

µm

Mode

µm

41,0 61,6 89,1 63,1

45,0 66,9 85,0 71,1

45,1 61,7 75,9 67,1

49,5 66,5 82,4 72,4

Garnet

D10

µm

D50

µm

D90

µm

Mode

µm

16,4 25,4 40,8 25,1

20,1 32,4 53,4 31,8

21,9 29,8 42,8 28,5

19,7 25,6 33,8 24,9

Wollastonite

D10

µm

D50

µm

D90

µm

Mode

µm

2,7 8,3 18,4 10,0

2,9 12,7 53,5 13,4

11,7 23,6 41,3 25,7

5,5 11,1 18,9 12,5

Mica

D10

µm

D50

µm

D90

µm

Mode

µm

1,5 10,9 27,4 16,8

1,4 14,0 39,5 28,0

8,0 17,0 35,2 18,2

1,8 14,0 28,9 16,1

Kaolinite

D10

µm

D50

µm

D90

µm

Mode

µm

- 0,35 1,05 0,38

0,12 0,65 3,82 0,42

Courtesy: C. Vogt, ZEKAM, University Bremen

Top-Cut ~3 µm:

99% <3 µm SediGraph

85% <3 µm Saturn

SediGraph Method

X-ray SourceX-ray Detector

Cell

Attenuated

X-ray beam

Cell Position (cm)

X-r

ay In

tensity (

kc/s

)

SediGraph Method

Reference

Highest

Concentration

SediGraph III 5120

• Sedimentation

• Simple, well understood

Theory: Lambert-Beer Law,

Stokes Law

• Representative sample

amount

• Range 0,1-300 µm

• Weight-% <dmin

• High Resolution

• Easy Maintenance

SediGraph Data in Sedimentology

Examples from Suolo di Mare

Today

18 ka BP

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Wassert

iefe

(m

)

5

5.4

5.8

6.2

Terr

. S

ilt (

)

NADW

AABW Wate

r D

ep

th (

m)

Estimating Current Velocities from

Particle Size

Ledbetter & Johnson 1976 Vema Channel

0

50

100

150

Alter

(ka)

6 5.6

Terr. Silt ( )

-60 -50 -40-50

-40

-30

-20

VCA

ge

Estimating Current Velocities from

Particle Size Sortable Silt

Fre

qu

en

cy

1 10 100

Particle Size (µm)

< 5 cm/s

10-15 cm/s

> 15 cm/s

Robinson & McCave 1994, McCave et al. 1995 Rockall Plateau

Current Velocity

Unravel Sediment Input

Smith & Sandwell (1997),

Wessel & Smith (1998)


Modified from Piola & Matano 2001

-40 -30 -20

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

-60 -50 -40-50

-40

-30

-20

AABW

AABW

NADWMC

BC

MC BC

AABW Antarctic Bottom Water

NADW North Atlantic Deep Water

MC Malvinas- (Falkland-)

Current

BC Brazil Current

BMC Brasil-Malvinas-Confluence

BMC

B

M

C

Argentinien-

Becken

Longitude

La

titu

de

Wate

r D

ep

th (

m)

Water Mass Distribution


Frenz et al. 2004

-65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40

-45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20

A

A B

B

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0

5

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

95

-65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000-45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20

Wa

sse

rtie

fe (

m)

A

A B

B

CaCO3(wt-%)

Corg(wt-%)


Frenz et al. 2004

0

10

30

50

70

90

-65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000-45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20

A

A B

B %EM1: Bottom & Residual Sediment

4 5 6 7 8 9

Korngröße ( )

0

2

4

6

8

Haufigkeit (

% / 0

,1

)

10204060 2468

Korngröße (µm)Particle Size (µm)

Particle Size ( )

Fre

quency (

wt-

% /

0,1

)


Frenz et al. 2004

0

10

30

50

70

90

-65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20

A

A B

B

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

%EM2: Coarse Suspension

4 5 6 7 8 9

Korngröße ( )

0

2

4

6

8

Haufigkeit (

% / 0

,1

)

10204060 2468


Particle Size ( )

Fre

quency (

wt-

% /

0,1

)

Differentiate Sediment Input

Frenz et al. 2004

0

10

30

50

70

90

-65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20

A

A B

B

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

%EM3: Fine Suspension

4 5 6 7 8 9

Korngröße ( )

0

2

4

6

8

Haufigkeit (

% / 0

,1

)

10204060 2468


Particle Size ( )

Fre

quency (

wt-

% /

0,1

)

Quantifying Carbonate

Frenz et al. 2005

Smith & Sandwell (1997),

Wessel & Smith (1998)

4 5 6 7 8 9

Korngröße ( )

0

1

2

3

4

5

Hä

ufigkeit (

Gew

.-%

/ 0

,1

)

10204060 2468


Particle Size ( )

Fre

quency (

wt-

% /

0,1

)

Bulk

Silt

Terrigenous

Silt (TS)

Differentiating Particle Size of

Components

Paull et al. 1988, Robinson & McCave 1994, Frenz et al. 2005

Differentiating Particle Size of

Components

4 5 6 7 8 9

Korngröße ( )

0

1

2

3

4

5

Hä

ufigkeit (

Gew

.-%

/ 0

,1

)

10204060 2468


Particle Size ( )

Fre

quency (

wt-

% /

0,1

)

TS

relative (21%)

Carbonate

Silt

Paull et al. 1988, Robinson & McCave 1994, Frenz et al. 2005


Frenz et al. 2005

-30 -20 -10 0 10-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

Equatorial

MAR

Central

MAR

Southern

MAR

0

2

4

6

8

4 5 6 7 8 9

Korngröße ( )

0

2

4

6

8

Hä

ufigke

it (

Ge

w.-

% / 0

,1

)

10204060 2468

Korngröße (µm)

0

2

4

6

8

Particle Size (µm)

Fre

quency (

wt-

% /

0,1

)

Particle Size ( )


Frenz et al. 2004

Clay

50 µm 5 µm

10 µm50 µm

Silt


Frenz et al. 2004

Silt

10 µm50 µm

Silt

10 µm50 µm

-30 -20 -10 0 10

Länge


Frenz et al. 2005

Foraminifer Carbonate Coccolith Carbonate

100

75

50

25

0

wt-%

-30 -20 -10 0 10

Länge

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10B

reite


Frenz et al. 2005, Frenz & Henrich 2007

0

2

4

6

8

4 5 6 7 8 9

Korngröße ( )

0

2

4

6

8

Hä

ufigke

it (

Ge

w.-

% / 0

,1

)

10204060 2468

Korngröße (µm)

0

2

4

6

8

Particle Size

Particle Size (µm)

Particle Size ( )

Fre

quency (

wt-

% /

0,1

)

4 5 6 7 8 9

Modalkorngröße ( )

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

Wasse

rtie

fe (

m)10204060 2468

Modalkorngröße (µm)

Modal Particle Size ( )

Modal Particle Size (µm)

Wate

r D

epth

(m

)

CaCO3 Dissolution


Frenz et al. 2005

E. huxleyi

1 µm

Nominal Size


Frenz et al. 2005

F. profunda

E. huxleyi

U. sibogae

H. carteri

R. clavigera

C. leptoporus (A+C)

C. leptoporus (B) 0

4

8

12

16

20

Hä

ufigkeit

110100 235203050

Korngröße (µm)

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Korngröße ( )

0

2

4

6

Häufigkeit (

Ge

w.-

% / 0

,1

)

Electron Microscope

SediGraph

Deconvolution


Frenz et al. 2005

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Korngröße ( )

0

2

4

6

0

2

4

6

Häufigkeit (

Gew

.-%

) 0

2

4

6

110100 235203050

Korngröße (µm)

-30 -20 -10 0 10

Länge

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

Bre

ite

Mie-Theory

Diffraction

Refraction

Reflection

Laser Light Scattering

Scattering pattern

Intensity vs Angle

Saturn DigiSizer II 5205

Highlights:

• Detector: CCD 3,4 Megapixel

• 14 angle positions (0-65°), multiple exposure

• High resolution from low to high angles

• 591 real data points (intensity vs angle)

• Range: 0,04 µm – 2500 µm

• Optional AquaPrep degasser


Degrees

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50

Re

lative

In

ten

sity

0.05

0.1

0.5

1

5

Goodness of Fit

Weighted Residual = 0.19%

Measured Intensity Model Intensity

Calcium Carbonate

Reference Material


Particle Diameter (µm)

0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 2 4 6

Incre

me

nta

l V

olu

me

Pe

rce

nt

0.00.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Incremental Volume Percent vs. Particle Diameter Graph

Test 3

Test 1

Test 2

Calcium Carbonate

Reference Material


Degrees

0.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 2 4 6 8 10 20

Re

lative

In

ten

sity

0.5

1

5

10

50

100

500

1,000

5,000

10,000

50,000

Goodness of Fit



Glass Beads 44-53 & 125-149 µm



35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 150

Incre

me

nta

l V

olu

me

Pe

rce

nt

00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12


Test 4

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Glass Beads 44-53 & 125-149 µm


Degrees

0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50

Re

lative

In

ten

sity

0.1

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

Goodness of Fit



160 µm Latex



60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 150

Incre

me

nta

l V

olu

me

Pe

rce

nt

00

10

20

30

40

50

60


Test 8

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Test 4

Test 5

Test 6

Test 7

160 µm Latex

Particle Insight

• Dynamic digital image analysis

• Up to 30 frames per second

• 28 particle size and shape models in real time

• Sample re-circulation

• Telecentric Lense

• Working range 3-300 (80-800) µm

• Comprehensive post-run data reduction

Particle Size & Particle Shape

Particle Insight

Post-run Processing:

• Thumbnails

• Parameter distributions

• Correlation plots

Summary• Size matters!

• Method matters!

• Hydrodynamic Size in Geosciences

• Resolution matters!

Applications:

• Unraveling Sediment Input and Distribution

• Differentiating and Quantifying Components

• Deconvoluting Microfossil Species

• Tracking Carbonate Dissolution

Micromeritics: Four high-resolution Methods

• Sedimentation: SediGraph III 5120

• Laser Light Scattering: Saturn DigiSizer II 5205

• Image Analysis: Particle Insight

• Electric Sensing: ElZone 5390

Grazie!

micromeritics sedigraph particle size data based on ... del sedigrafo_frentz.pdf · micromeritics...

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