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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Microfluidics in Commercial Applications
Maggie A. Witek, Ph.D
Department of Chemistry
Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine
The University of Kansas
August 7-9, 2019
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• The global microfluidics market size valued at $3.6 billion in 2018
• The market is expanding at a “compounded annual growth rate” (CAGR) of 18.07%.
• The market is expected to grow owing to the increasing demand of the Point-of-Care (POC) market,
supported by advances in biotechnology, including gene sequencing and in vitro diagnostics
Microfluidics Market Size
$13 billion
$3.6 billion
https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/microfluidics-market
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Illumina, Inc.; Agilent Technologies; Caliper Life Sciences (acquired by
PerkinElmer, Inc.); Cepheid; Danaher Corporation; Life Technologies
Corporation (acquired by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.); Bio-Rad
Laboratories, Inc.; Abbott Laboratories; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd; and
Fluidigm Corporation.
Microfluidics Market Classification
Materialssilicone, glass, and polymer
(expected to dominate)
Componentsmicroneedles, micropumps,
microfluidic chips (largest market)
ApplicationsGenomics, Proteomics, Capillary
Electrophoresis, IVD (POC, Clinical
Diagnostics), Drug Delivery,
Microreactors, Lab Tests
Key market contributors
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• Increasing preference for self-testing are driving the global point-of-care market.
• Rising incidence and prevalence of various diseases (i.e., cancer, chronic and infectious diseases).
• Decentralization of healthcare.
• Growing private investments and the availability of venture funding for the development of new products.
• Government support for improving the adoption of POC devices.
The Growth of the Microfluidics Market
https://circle.ufluidix.com/rising-demand-for-point-of-care-testing-and-significant-return-on-investment-key-driving-factors-of-the-
microfluidics-market/#more-2359
POC Devices
Pharmaceutical Industry
• Microfluidics reduces the cost per test by reducing
reagent consumption.
• Microfluidic-based micro-reactors used to control
parameters in chemical reactions and better understand
and enhance the quality of production: adopted by
Merck, Novartis, GSK, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Aventis
https://www.ddw-online.com/enabling-technologies/p149617-pharmaceutical-&-biomedical-research-likely-to-use-$1-billion-worth-of-microfluidics-devices-by-2016.html
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Commercial Microfluidic Products
Trends in Biotechnology July 2014, Vol. 32, No. 7 5
“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/slidepresentation/Public/Overview%20Agilent%20Microfluidics.pdf6
“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/posters/public/5991-8605EN_IBBL_4200_tapestation_poster.pdf
Agilent Tapestation
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Next Generation Sequencing
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Microarray for Hybridization of Nucleic Acids
• photolithographic process for creating DNA microarrays
• a series of photolithographic masks, light deprotection reactions, and
nucleotide coupling
• during each deprotection step, a specific mask is used with particular
transparent “windows” to allow the light from a single UV source to deprotect spots, or features on the array to receive a nucleotide. http://media.affymetrix.com/promotions/genetitan/index.affx
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Droplet Generator Chip for digital PCR
QX200 Droplet Generator utilizes microfluidic chip to partition
the samples into ~20,000 nanoliter-sized droplets
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• Microfluidic droplet-based platform for single cell research
• Cells encapsulated (up to 8 samples), in parallel
• Over 50,000 single cells can be captured per cartridge in a run.
A small conditional RNA (scRNA)
Nadia Instrument for Single Cell Analysis
https://www.dolomite-bio.com/product/nadia-instrument/11
“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• Applications: ddPCR, RT-PCR
• mRNA Seq: physical capture, lysis, reverse transcription and cDNA
amplification of 96 individual cells (diameter between 5 to 25 µm)
• 96 single-cell whole genome/RNA harvests for library preparation
https://www.fluidigm.com/binaries/content/documents/fluidigm/resources/c1-system-for-mrna-seq-ht-v2-pr-101-7557/c1-system-for-mrna-seq-ht-v2-pr-101-7557/fluidigm%3Afile
• Fluidigm’s integrated fluidic circuit (IFC) is based on pneumatic PDMS valves. • Fluidigm became the first company to commercialize digital PCR in 2006 (public offering in 2011).
Integrated Fluidic Circuit (IFC)
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• 1 minute SDS-PAGE separation on each single-cell lysate on-chip.
• Can measure ~12 proteins per cell using a variety of strategies.
Single-Cell Western Blot Platform
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• DEP cages allow trapping, manipulation, and recovery of individual cells.
• Image-based selection allows identification and isolation of cells of interest.
• The low voltage, MHz frequency impart no damage on cells.
http://www.siliconbiosystems.com/cellbrowser-software
DEPArray™
The single-use, microfluidic cartridge
contains an array of individually controllable
electrodes, each with embedded sensors.
Utilizes the ability of a non-uniform electric field to exert forces on neutral,
polarizable particles (cells) suspended in a liquid. This electrokinetic principle
is called dielectrophoresis (DEP).
When a DEP cage is moved by a change in the electric
field pattern, the trapped cell moves with it.
~40,000 DEP cages
Rare Cells Sorting
http://www.excilone.com/client/document/deparray-brochure_a4_37.pdf14
“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• Patient-side testing with the i-STAT System (POC)• Test results are uploaded automatically.
https://www.pointofcare.abbott/us/en/offerings/istat/istat-handheld
Microfluidic Blood Analyzers: i-STAT System
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“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
• The VETSCAN is a chemistry, electrolyte, immunoassay, and acid-base
analyzer from whole blood, serum, or plasma.
• Utility in veterinary clinics, mobile practitioners, research laboratories
• Initially project was NASA funded to develop a small biochemical
analyzer for use in space laboratories.
• The VETSCAN analyzer was introduced in the US veterinary
market in July 1995.
• The analyzer with the Diagnostic Profile: a nine-test reagent
rotor.
https://www.abaxis.com/page/our-history
Veterinary Diagnostics
https://www.abaxis.com/veterinary/field/biomedical-university16
“How to Make It and How to Use It”, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS August 2019
Conclusions
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Chiu, et al Chem 2, 201–223, February 9, 2017
• The relevance of microfluidics remains significant
“…..our final thought is that more and more ‘‘microfluidic-embedded’’ instruments will soon be
available. However, just like your smartphone, this technology will be seamless, and all of the
engineering, chemistry, and physics that went into it will not be transparent; it will just work, and it
may very well work with your smartphone.”
https://patents.google.comhttps://scholar.google.com/
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