micheil tokmazishvili, 01 april, 2008. hotel marriott tbilisi grp initiatives in georgia gender and...

Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April, 2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi

GRP Initiatives in Georgia

Gender and Politics in the South Caucasus


Questions for Discussion

Why Transformation? What has changed? Why GRB? What was the starting point? What lessons we learned?


Transformation Problem: Poverty and Gender Equity

Once more about Results of implementation of “Washington Consensus” in Georgia Market economy –orientation on Efficiency Social economy – orientation on Equity

Economic Growth Growth of inequity of incomes Poverty Reduction and Economic Growth

Program MDG (2004)


TRANSFORMATION: Why GRB?

In 1998-2003 GDP growth was about 4% inflation rate - 4-5% Average salary amounted to 35-40 dollars. DDecreased national pension from 10 dollars

to 7 dollars. Budget revenues – 14% of GDP Unemployment rate - 14 % Self-employment rate - 75% Domestic dept (on pensions and salaries)

grow up to 60 million Dollar Shadow–economy – 60% of GDP


New Priorities

Improvement in Governance Macroeconomic stability Improvement in the structural and

institutional environment Development of Human capital Social risk management Development of Economic priority sectors Improvement of natural environment

conditions


Governance Reforms

Establishing “good” governance system

Minimize of direct government intervention in the economy

Development of clear definitions of governmental roles and functions,

To be close to people as possible. Public participation in governance


Budget Priorities in 2004-2007

1. Energy sector development

2. Defense

3. Privatization

4. Social sphere reforms – Allowances for families who are extremely in poverty


Budget Priorities in 2008

1. Unemployment

2. Poverty Reduction and social conditions improvement

3. Education and health care


How we started:

1. institutionalization of GRB: Work with Ministries and Parliamentary members

2. Researches and Reports: Brochure _ “GRP_ way to Social Justice” Reports: Analyze of annual State Budget

plans and implementation Analyze of Municipality Budget (case study)

3. Seminars, meetings with Civil society


Budget expenditures in 2004-2008: Defense and social sphere (example)

Share in State Budget

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Defence Social expenditures and pensions ( w ithout health care)


Lessons Learned (1)

Political Will of institutionalization of GRB, Need on GRB Recommendations from the

parliamentarians Methodology insufficiency and lack of

Statistics Lack of experience and knowledge of Civil

Society to monitor GRB Easy to work with Municipality officials, but

lack of Financial sources New priorities of Budget in 2008


New task: What we are going to study?

1. Gender Equity index in State organizations Wages Occupations, jobs, positions

2. State budget funds for “easy credits”

3. State interventions in labor market

4. Social assistance schemes


Structure of Hired Employment in Georgia in 2006

Total 100

Including:

Hired employees 34,4

Including:In state sector 22.3In non-state sector 12.1

Employer (Enterpriser, manufacturer having hired employees)

1,1

Enterpriser, manufacturer having no hired employees, person busy with his professional activity

11.3

Self-employed in agriculture 24.4

Employ in a family business/husbandry free of charge 28.5

Free of charge worker for his/her relatives 0.2


Women per 100 Men in Georgia

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Em

ploy

ed –

tot

al

H

ired

empl

oyed

H

ired

empl

oyed

inno

n-st

ate

sect

or

M

anag

ers

ofad

min

istr

ativ

e or

gans

A

vera

ge le

vel

qual

ified

spe

cial

ists

W

orke

rs o

ftr

ade,

ser

vice

or

rela

ted

W

orke

rs o

fin

dust

rial e

nter

pris

es,

W

orke

rs o

f lo

wqu

alifi

catio

n


What we need:

Dialogue with Officials Lobbyism in Executive poverty Introduction of gender monitoring

structure in MF or MSA Perfection of methodology and

statistics International experience Study tours for HGO


Lessons Learned (2)

1. A strategic plan of GRB offers an important incentives in policy reforms, but these incentives is not sufficient for social equity implementation.

2. Government is the main source of GRB actions, but there is no successful without giving credentials to the civil society to monitor GB.


Lessons Learned (3)

3. Civil society as the main actors of the GRB actions should have some opportunities to correct government’s actions or change regime, especially at municipality level.

4. GRB need strong support from the international society, the permanent carry on dialogue between the NGO and government through monitoring and researches.

micheil tokmazishvili, 01 april, 2008. hotel marriott tbilisi grp initiatives in georgia gender and...

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