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MIAC Perspectives MIAC ANALYTICS Winter 2021

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Page 1: MIAC ANALYTICS MIAC Perspectives

MIACPerspectives

M I AC AN ALY TI CS

Winter 2021

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Table ofContents

03

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Introducing the Updated CORE™ Residential Models for Credit, Prepayment, and Loss Dick Kazarian Managing Director, Borrower Analytics Group

MIAC’s Borrower Analytics Group has completely revamped the CORE™ family of residential behavioral models. These models cover all three residential sectors: Agency, GNMA, and Non-Agency. The purpose of this report is to highlight six primary features which distinguish these behavioral models.

2020 Market RetrospectiveBrendan Teeley, Senior Vice President, Whole Loan Sales and Trading

MIAC’s Whole Loan Trading Desk reviews the events of 2020 and their effects on theresidential whole loan market. Discussions include ways to capitalize on the turmoil in theresidential market and how to protect against future economic events while taking advantage ofnew opportunities in 2021.

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Introduction and SummaryOver the past two years, MIAC’s Borrower AnalyticsGroup has completely revamped the CORE™ family ofResidential Behavioral Models. These models cover allthree residential sectors: Agency, GNMA, and Non-Agency and include the following components:

Credit frequency (i.e., “roll rates”)

Voluntary Prepayments

Foreclosure/REO Timelines

Loss Severity (i.e., Loss Given Default)

Together, these model components provide a completeprobabilistic description of all possible outcomes for agiven loan at every projection month. These modelshave been implemented into Vision™ and WinOAS™,our two primary asset valuation solutions. In addition,the data normalization and missing value imputationchallenges have been addressed with DataRaptor™,our extract, transform and load (i.e., ETL) softwaresolution.

MIAC’s Borrower Analytics Group has extensive priorexperience in model development and model validationat leading investment banks and CCAR commercialbanks. We adhere to a disciplined and rigorous modeldevelopment process. These development phasesinclude (1) data preparation and exploratory dataanalysis, (2) feature/explanatory factor definition, (3)model specification and estimation, (4) parameterreview, (5) software implementation, and (6) replicationtesting.

This process is designed to satisfy the regulatoryrequirements of SR 11-7 as well as conform withindustry best practices regarding model riskmanagement.

The purpose of this report is to highlight the six primaryfeatures which distinguish these behavioral models.They include:

An exhaustive set of explanatory variables

Incorporation of all relevant macro-economic factors

Detailed loan status tracking throughout the life ofthe loan

A highly granular and macro factor-dependentforeclosure/liquidation timeline model

A state-of-the-art loss severity model that is fullyintegrated with the frequency model

Sub-models that capture distinct intra-sector andproduct-specific behavior

In forthcoming issues of MIAC Perspectives, we willelaborate on each of these features in much greaterdepth, provide conceptual and empirical support for ourapproach, and demonstrate the quantitative impact onoutcomes for both MSRs and whole loans.

Feature 1:An Exhaustive Set of Explanatory Variables All of our models were estimated using the best loan-level data available for that particular sector. Ourestimation process considered a large set of potentialexplanatory variables based on data availability,industry and academic research, and prior experience.

Introducing the Updated CORE™ Residential Models for Credit, Prepayment, and Loss

MIAC Perspectives – Winter 2021

01 Introducing the Updated CORE™ Residential Models for Credit, Prepayment, and Loss

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The ideal dataset for a particular sector has allavailable attributes (i.e., fields), a rich cross-section ofthose attributes (e.g., a broad range of FICOs, DTI,etc.), and a long history through various economiccycles. However, all datasets have limitations. Forexample, the GNMA loan-level disclosures have alarge set of attributes but a very limited history: theobservations start in 2012. Importantly, the GNMA datadoes not include the financial crisis where mark-to-market combined LTVs (hereafter, CLTV-MTM)reached 200% and higher.

We address these limitations by using both primary andsecondary (or supplemental) datasets for each model.For example, the GNMA loan-level disclosure data isthe primary dataset because this has the largestpopulation of distinct loan attributes. However, thisprimary dataset is supplemented with the Agency loan-level data – whose history covers the financial crisis.This secondary dataset enables us to inform ourestimation of loan behavior in the high CLTV-MTMregion.

The above example shows how we enrich the GNMAdata to supplement an observation period deficiency.We also use secondary datasets to supplementmissing attributes. For example, we use the co-borrower field in the Agency data to inform ourestimation of this effect in the non-Agency model.

Figure 1 provides an overview of the variables includedin our CORE Family of Residential Behavioral Models.We also indicate whether or not the cross-section ofour behavioral model competitors also includes thatexplanatory variable. As is evident, our models makeuse of a larger set of factors than typical competitormodels. And as we show below, these additionalvariables make our predictions more precise.

Figure 1: CORE Model Variables

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Although a comprehensive set of explanatory variablesresults in much higher precision, it also requires amuch more extensive data management effort toprepare a portfolio for analysis. Otherwise, theadvantages of a more sophisticated and accuratemodel will not be realized. This data preparation effortincludes data scrubbing, data normalization, andimputation of missing values. MIAC has 30-plus yearsof experience handling large sets of mortgage loan-level data. We have the software, reporting, andcustomer support to handle large, irregular, andotherwise challenging client data. As one importantexample, we supplement these behavioral models withmissing value models which optimally impute theexpected value of missing attributes as a function ofavailable attributes. As a result, our analytics can berun on diverse client datasets with widely disparatelevels of data availability.

Feature 2:Incorporation of all Relevant Macro-FactorsMortgage outcomes (i.e., defaults, prepayments,foreclosure timelines, and loss severities) depend uponboth attributes observed at (or near) origination (likeDTI, FICO, and CLTV) as well as the evolution ofmacro-economic factors (like mortgage rates, interestrates, home prices, and unemployment).

Similar to many competing models, our CORE modelsuse both primary mortgage rates and home prices todrive mortgage outcomes. Following common industrypractice, we use realized historical home price indices(hereafter, HPA) from loan origination through theobservation date to update the CLTV-MTM. Thisupdated equity impacts all mortgage outcomes:prepayments, defaults, foreclosure timing, and losses.For example, higher CLTV-MTM generally reducesprepayment rates and increases default rates.

In sharp contrast to many competing models, ourCORE models also use the state-level unemploymentchange (from loan origination through the observationdate). Unemployment (hereafter, UER) and homeprices (hereafter, HPA) were somewhat correlatedduring the 2007-2010 housing crisis, leading someresearchers to conclude that HPA could reasonablyproxy for “economic conditions”. However, there is noquestion that UER provided significant explanatorypower even after controlling for HPA (via CLTV-MTM).The empirical evidence is simply overwhelming, asshown in Figure 2 below.

Figure 2: Impact of UER change on C->D30 Transition (Agency Fixed Rate)

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Figure 2 displays the relationship between monthlyCurrent-to-D30 transition rates (i.e., C->D30) and thechange in UER between loan origination and theobservation date. For example, a UER change of 2means that unemployment increased by 2 percentagepoints (e.g., from 5% to 7%). As is clearly evident,increases in UER result in higher C->D30 transitionrates. The results are shown for Agency data, but wefind similar results for all Sectors and most transitions.Further, the marginal effect of UER is large andstatistically significant even after controlling for HPA,which is handled through our econometric specification.

A few additional points merit consideration. First,Figure 2 also shows that our CORE model for C->D30fits the data quite well. In other words, there is nosystematic pattern between actuals (shown as thedots) and predicted (shown as the fitted line). Second,the current COVID-19 crisis underscores theimportance of using both UER and HPA as macrodrivers: UER has been very volatile, while HPA (alongwith other asset prices) has been increasing rapidly.

Third, we have conducted extensive additionaleconometric testing of numerous other potential macro-economic factors, such as disposable income andpopulation changes. Our research shows that theseadditional factors do not have any marginal explanatorypower. In technical terms, we have found that UER isboth necessary and sufficient for explaining loanperformance.

Feature 3:Detailed Loan Status TrackingOur CORE Residential Models provide detailed loanstatus tracking. We track the loan-level delinquencystatus from current through seriously delinquent andforeclosure. We also track assets that have transitionedto REO status, either through a completed foreclosureor through a voluntary conveyance (i.e., deed-in-lieu).

We distinguish between always current loans (or cleancurrent) and blemished current (also known as self-cures or dirty current), as the sensitivity to attributeslike FICO and CLTV-MTM are very different betweenthese statuses. Models that aggregate these statuseswill compromise accuracy for the sake of faster run-times. We believe that, in general, this is a poortradeoff.

Our CORE model also tracks and updates the timespent in each status, which we refer to as months-in-state (hereafter, MIS). This MIS variable is a veryimportant driver of loan performance, as shown inFigure 3 on page 5. Figure 3 is structured similarly toFigure 2. In both cases, we are plotting C->D30transition rates for Agency loans on the vertical axis.But in Figure 3, we restrict the analysis to blemishedcurrent loans (where MIS plays a role). The actual MISis displayed on the (horizontal) x-axis. It is apparentthat MIS is a vital determinant of C->D30 transitionrates. In fact, the importance of payment history is wellrecognized both by researchers (such as the UrbanInstitute and various dealers) as well as by theregulators. For example, in their recent update to theQM rule, the CFPB created a “seasoned QM” categorywhich essentially codified the importance of thispayment history effect.

The significance of MIS is difficult to overstate. Theeffect is large and impacts all Sectors and mosttransitions. Although MIS is an observable quantity atthe launch date of an analysis, it must be consistentlypropagated in forward projections. MIAC hasestablished a recursive algorithm that handles thisupdating in a computationally efficient manner.

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Feature 4:A Granular Foreclosure/Liquidation Timeline Model We have also updated our treatment of foreclosure (orliquidation) timelines within the CORE ResidentialModel framework. Although the time from initialdelinquency to final resolution of the asset is generallyreferred to as foreclosure timelines by practitioners, weprefer to use the term liquidation timeline. This isbecause our modeling approach consistently handlesboth the typical “foreclosure-start to foreclosure-sale toREO-liquidation” as well as more cooperative defaultresolutions such as short sales, deed-in-lieu, and third-party takeouts. In fact, we find that a substantialfraction of short sale default resolutions occur withoutever initiating foreclosure.

Liquidation timelines are important for both whole loans(because they impact loss severities and the timing ofcash flows) as well as MSR assets (because theyimpact sub-servicing costs, advancing expense, andreimbursement shortfalls).

Our liquidation timeline model has two distinctivefeatures. First, it incorporates the impact of state-levelgeography.

It is well known that liquidation timelines in Judicialstates (e.g., NY) are much longer than in Power-of-Salestates (e.g., TX). However, it is perhaps less wellappreciated that there is substantial variation withineach of these two categories. In fact, there issubstantial overlap: the fastest Judicial states haveslower timelines than the slowest Power-of-Sale states.Second, although geography plays a critical role inliquidation timelines, borrower and loan attributes alsoplay an important role. This is because overallliquidation timelines are a probability-weighted averageof various liquidation outcomes. For example, NY loanswith a high probability of a short-sale resolution willhave shorter average timelines than NY loans with alow short-sale probability.

Additional details regarding our approach to liquidationtimelines are contained in the November 2019 issue ofMIAC Research Insights.

Figure 3: Impact of MIS on Blemished-C->D30 Transition (Agency Fixed Rate)

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Feature 5:A State-Of-The-Art Loss Severity ModelOur CORE Residential Model includes an enhancedLoss Severity Model, which reflects three keyimprovements.

First, the loss severity model is fully integrated with thedefault frequency and FCL timing models. That is, thetransition frequency model produces an estimate of theexpected months-past-due (hereafter, MPD)conditional upon liquidation for every projection month.

This expected MPD estimate is then input into the lossseverity model. This seamless integration means thatany attribute (or user scalar) that impacts liquidationtimelines (e.g., the geographical location of theproperty) will automatically impact loss severity. Inother words, the function of the severity model is topredict losses given liquidation timelines, while the roleof the frequency model is to predict the liquidationtimelines. This is precisely analogous to the way aprepayment model works. Namely, it predictsprepayments conditional upon a given realization ofprimary mortgage rates. Primary mortgage rateprojections (either static or OAS-based) are external tothe prepayment model itself.

As a recent example of the interplay between timelinesand loss severities, consider the Federal CARES Actpromulgated in response to COVID-19 enacted inMarch 2020. Under the provisions of this act, federallybacked mortgage loan servicers (including thoseservicing conventional Agency loans) were prohibitedfrom initiating any foreclosures for a 60-day periodstarting March 18, 2020. The cash flow and impact ofthis act were quantified within our model framework byreducing (to zero) the probability of migrating fromSeriously Delinquent to REO for two observationmonths. As expected, this increased expected MPDand hence loss severities.

The second enhancement of our new severity model isthat it is developed and estimated at the component-level. That is, we have separate estimations for theproperty loss and three major expense components:

Taxes and Insurance, Maintenance, and Legal. Thiscomponent-based approach has several advantages.First, component-level estimation is much morestraightforward. Second, component-level outcomesgive users more flexibility to perform “what-if”prospective analyses. For example, if prospectiveproperty taxes increase in a jurisdiction, model userscan easily adjust the appropriate coefficients andquantify the impact on their portfolio. A final advantageis that it is easier to extend the model - estimated onAgency loss data - to other Sectors. For example,losses on FHA loans can be analyzed by applying areimbursement shortfall to the legal component of totallosses.

The third and final enhancement regarding the updatedloss severity is the introduction of additionalexplanatory variables. For example, we find that loanpurpose is an important driver of loss severity:purchase loans are less likely to have appraisal bias.As a result, they have lower severities than refinances,holding all other factors constant. It is plausible that theappraisal reforms included in Dodd-Frank will reduce“appraisal shopping” and hence the magnitude of thiseffect. However, we plan on waiting for more evidenceto accumulate before we modify this effect in ourmodel. Also, we include variables that enhancepredictive accuracy even though the causal mechanismis indirect. As an example, we find that higher FICOscores result in lower loss severities, primarily throughthe property loss component. We attribute this to higherFICO borrowers taking better care of their properties aswell as a higher percentage of cooperative resolutions,such as borrower-titled short sales.

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Feature 6:Sub-Models that Capture Distinct Intra-Sector and Product-Specific BehaviorThe final distinguishing characteristic of the COREResidential Model is that we distinguish default andprepayment behavior both across and within sectors.For example, within the GNMA sector, we find that FHAloans have worse credit than VA, even after adjustingfor observable attributes like DTI, FICO, and CLTV-MTM. And VA prepayments are much more sensitiveto rate incentive versus FHA prepayments, especiallybetween 6-10 months WALA. Within non-Agency, wefind that non-QM loans require their own sub-sectormodel. In other words, even after adjusting for the largeset of observable characteristics displayed in Figure 1,non-QM loans have worse credit, faster base casespeeds, and lower refinance sensitivity.

Even within a sector or sub-sector, we have product-level differentiation where necessary. As an example,we find that non-Agency Hybrids have higher C->D30transition rates than non-Agency Fixed Rates, evenbefore reset and after adjusting for observableattributes. This is especially true of the short-resetHybrids that were ubiquitous before the financial crisis.

ConclusionsThe release of the CORE family of residentialbehavioral models represents an important milestonefor the industry, for MIAC, and most importantly for ourclients. These models are important drivers for bothwhole loans and MSRs, and all applications: valuation,risk sensitivities, stress testing, CECL, and beyond.Borrower behavior projected from CORE models arehighly intuitive and robust in both base case and stressscenarios.

These models have been integrated with granular cashflow engines and are facilitated by the most robust datahandling tools available in the industry. They provideusers with the ability to precisely quantify theimplications of specific loan attributes andmacroeconomic scenarios across a diverse set ofResidential assets.

These enhanced models will enrich valuations and riskmetrics for software, valuation and hedge advisoryclients.

Dick KazarianManaging Director, Borrower Analytics Group

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2020 Market Retrospective

MIAC Perspectives – Winter 2021

08 2020 Market Retrospective

COVID-19Prior to COVID-19, unemployment was at a 50-yearlow and inflation was also below the Fed’s target of2.0%. A significant portion of the U.S. economy closedand remains closed due to COVID-19. Real GDPgrowth fell during the second quarter by a nearlyunprecedented 31.4%, numbers that we have not seensince the Great Depression. This directly impactedmortgage performance in ways that we could havenever imagined.

In March, the Mortgage Credit Availability Indexcontracted by an average of 16.1% across all mortgageclasses – reflecting increased risk aversion within themortgage industry. The shutdown of industry,manufacturing, and retail, with no end in sight, createda great deal of uncertainty which caused capitalmarkets to freeze up. This caused the government tostep up and inject liquidity into the economy via theCARES Act. Current mortgage deferral rates arecontinuing to improve, down to 5.4% in total, or 2.7million mortgages, except for very specific geographieswhere the shutdowns are more pervasive.

COVID-19 deferrals and the restriction on deliveringloans that were not contractually current caused atemporary bottleneck in production for manyoriginators. Fortunately, the GSEs moved quickly toresolve the issue by restoring liquidity during thischallenging time. The ability of workers to workremotely provided opportunities and increased demandin secondary housing markets. This also fueled themoving economy, home sales, and of course,mortgage demand.

Non-QMThe disruption in March caused many originators toeither shutdown operations, face margin calls, ormarkdown their books in an adverse fashion. The lackof non-QM capital markets has contributed to thelowest levels of credit availability since 2015. This islargely attributed to the higher funding costs, increaseddefaults, and the likelihood of continued forbearance.

Non-QM 2.0 issuance has begun to ramp up productionslowly, like in 2014 when the product was primarilyoriginated by depositories and sold to insurancecompanies and pension funds. The majority of currentnon-QM production is much higher quality: 24-monthbank statements, higher minimum FICOs, and lowermaximum LTVs.

Delinquency rates on 12-month bank statement (BS)loans spiked to much higher levels than delinquencyrates on 24-month BS loans earlier this year, in partbecause the CARES Act helped employees much morethan the self-employed, which are overrepresented inthe 12-month BS programs. In fact, research from theBecker Friedman Institute at the University of Chicagofound that between April and July 2020, 76% ofworkers eligible for regular UnemploymentCompensation were eligible for benefits that exceededlost wages. We expect that loan officers will continue tofocus on higher balance and high credit quality Agencyloans and FHA/VA streamlined refinances over thenear term.

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This is because, in light of the loan officercompensation rules promulgated as part of Dodd-Frank, MLOs cannot be compensated at a higher ratefor the more difficult loan programs. However, as thepopulation of these easier-to-originate loans getrefinanced, loan officers will turn their attention back tonon-QM originations to maintain volume.

Non-QM loan performance is driven by many of thesame factors that drive Jumbo, Agency, and FHA/VAperformance. For example, DTI, FICO, LTV, and SATOare big drivers of credit performance. Similarly, age,balance, refinance incentive, and burnout are importantdrivers of prepayments.

However, MIAC's research has found that originatorand servicer play a much more important role in non-QM credit performance than in Jumbo and Agency.Also, our research has found that non-QMprepayments have very different aging profiles thanthose found in other sectors. This is because asignificant segment of the non-QM market is effectivelybridge loans. Once the Agency Bankruptcy orForeclosure seasoning requirements are met, non-QMborrowers will refinance out of their non-QM loan intoan Agency loan on much more favorable terms. This isparticularly important for conforming balance non-QM,which form the bulk of the sector. MIACs hasdeveloped specialized non-QM collateral models,deployed in our Vision platform, to capture this sector-specific performance.

Scratch and Dent (SD)The Scratch and Dent market for Agency kickoutsloans has been robust in 2020, driven largely by thetremendous volume of new originations. With pressureto close loans on time, the challenge of on-siteappraisals, and the disruption caused by the shift toremote work amongst mortgage originators, the defectrate has increased. The large volume of purchasetransactions, which tend to have higher DTIs andhigher LTVs, can lead to greater performance,appraisal, and income defects.

Fortunately for sellers, SD demand is robust, andpricing is as strong as it has ever been. This pricing,combined with very low interest rates which limit theavailability to cure the defect, has created a situationwhere the best execution is often a loan sale.

GNMA Early Buyouts (EBOs)GNMA EBOs have become one of the most desirablealternative asset classes, as many of the large fundswho had been buyers of non-QM are now exploringother asset classes to deploy capital. The risk/yieldrelationship is very attractive to this buyer base.Despite several very large sales this year, it has beendifficult to satisfy the market. We have seen that thecomplexity of these transactions and disposition hasbeen underestimated by some accounts as they wadeinto the universe of government regulations.

The competition for these loans has driven prices tolevels we have not seen since a very brief period in late2018 when a potential HUD auction was circulating.

EBO pricing has largely been dependent upon the sizeof the offering, with the larger deals (e.g., >50 million),receiving markedly better bids, centering around par.The volume of this trade has started to contractrecently, largely due to COVID-19 relaxing and greatercertainty regarding borrowers’ futures. MIAC is active inthe EBO space and currently provides monthlyvaluations of nearly 20 billion GNMA across a range ofclients.

Non-Performing Loans (NPLs)Pricing has improved to levels not seen in recent years,largely driven by demand, lack of deals, and morecapital chasing these yields in whole loans. With thecontraction in the non-QM market, many funds were leftwith capital to deploy, and NPLs provide an attractiverisk-adjusted yield. As originators have had recordyears, there has been less bandwidth to do anythingother than originate. These gains in new origination thisyear are a great tool to offset any losses that may berealized in a non-accrual sale.

09 2020 Market Retrospective

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There are numerous sources of uncertainty impactingthe volume and pricing of NPLs. First, policy risk existsin terms of the size, timing, and terms of additionalFederal stimulus legislation which will impact the abilityof borrowers to make timely payments. Importantly,new legislation could easily advantage wage earnersover self-employed borrowers, which would furtherbifurcate the credit performance we witnessed earlierthis year. The second source of policy risk isforeclosure and eviction moratoria which can beenacted and extended at the federal, state, municipal,and program levels. For example, all propertiessecured by VA-guaranteed loans are subject to aforeclosure and eviction moratorium through February2021, which was originally set to expire in December2020. Third, a new administration with an emboldenedCFPB could easily impose additional servicermandates that raise costs and extend timelines.

The pace of economic recovery will also impact thepopulation of borrowers who can re-instate orotherwise cure, and the level of rates will impact theavailability of payment-reducing modifications.

Looking ahead to 2021 and beyond, there is likely to bea flood of NPL loans into the marketplace. Combinedwith additional supply in the non-QM market, we expectthat gains in NPL pricing experienced in 2020 willabate or even reverse. And faced with the extendedtime frames and expensive servicing obligations, a saleis often a more compelling option, especially if in-housedefault servicing capacity does not exist.

Any serious analysis of NPL valuation and risk needsto accurately forecast the frequency and timing ofborrower reinstatement, liquidation timelines, and lossseverity given default. MIAC’s CORE™ ResidentialModel Suite provides a comprehensive and consistentframework that accommodates each of these features,as we have discussed in recent CORE webinars. Ashighlighted in these presentations, the above modelcomponents are fully and consistently integrated. As anexample of this integration, any increase in liquidationtimelines (e.g., due to a foreclosure moratorium) willautomatically increase loss severities due to increasedtax and maintenance expenses.

For more details regarding our framework forLiquidation Timelines, see our November 2019 issue ofMIAC's Research Insights Series.

Outlook for 2021The impact of COVID-19, from a macro perspective, asit affects both employment and the economy, but alsothe mandated forbearances in the mortgage space, willcontinue through mid-2021 at a minimum. The politicalclimate will likely lead to additional availability ofmortgage forbearance programs, at least through Q1and likely Q2.

Once forbearances run out, there is a limit to whatservicers and taxing authorities can afford to float,some percentage of these loans will ultimately default.Will the overhang of deferred balances impact themobility of borrowers who may need to move to findnew employment? This is just one question that willneed to be addressed.

On a macro level, there are simply some borrowerswho will have challenges in resuming payments,perhaps their employer was a victim of COVID-19, orother factors affect their ability to pay. These loans willlikely convert to non-accruals and continue down apath to REO. This will create a burden on mortgageinsurance companies and GNMA that will ultimatelytrickle up into the broader mortgage financing market,impacting all borrowers to some degree.

The bright spot in the mortgage market is that there issufficient capital waiting to be deployed at the righttime. That may come when forbearances end, whenthere is clarity in the economy, or when the judicial riskin certain states is better understood. The largestchallenge in this economy is simply uncertainty. If avaccine eases this, or if additional taxpayer bailoutmonies are made available, liquidity can only improve.

Brendan TeeleySenior Vice President, Whole Loan Sales, Trading

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For over 30 years, Mortgage Industry Advisory Corporation (MIAC) has been the preferredprovider of mortgage and asset-backed valuation and hedging software, MIAC Analytics™,MSR and whole loan brokerage services, secondary market risk management, and a completeCECL (Current Expected Credit Loss) solutions.

MIAC Analytics™ is the most sophisticated mortgage pricing and risk management softwaresuite available. The MIAC Analytics™ suite includes VeriFi™, DR-Surveillance™, MIACCORE™, and Vision™ to address FASB’s new Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL)requirements with the industries best modeling practices. VeriFi™ is used to support andmanage the data quality auditing and review process.

ContactMIAC Headquarters521 Fifth Avenue, 9th FloorNew York, NY 10175

(212) 233 – 1250

[email protected]

Twitter @MIACAnalytics

LinkedIn /company/miac/

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About MIAC Analytics

MIAC Perspectives – Winter 2021