Mexican Independence1810-1824

Better GovernmentIndependenceMonarchyRepublicWho benefits from Independence?Who does not benefit from Independence?

Key Terms

• Grito de Dolores• Spanish Constitution of 1812• Chilpancingo• Plan de Iguala• Army of Three Guarantees• Treaty of Córdoba•1st Mexican Empire, 1821-1823

Primary Actors• Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla• Ignacio Allende-Captain Spanish Army• Josefina Dominguez - La Corregidora• Father José María Morelos• Agustín Iturbide-Colonel Spanish Army

• Guadalupe Victoria-1st President of Mexico

Factors contributing to Independence movement

• Criollo vs. Peninsular rivalry

• The Enlightenment• Bourbon Reforms• French occupation of Spain• Push for Local Autonomy• Casta Unrest

El Grito de DoloresA mural by Juan O'Gorman depicts Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla's call to

revolt against Spain on Sept. 16, 1810.

Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

La Virgen de Guadalupe

Juan Diego

Basilica de la Virgen de Guadalupe

Tepeyac Hill

Shrine at Tepeyac

Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

Father Miguel HidalgoAlthough considered the Father of Mexican Independence:He never called for Independence, but rather for better

government

Father José María Morelos

Father José María Morelos

Father Morelos

Military Academy

1813 Congress at Chilpancingo

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Agustín Iturbide

Plan de Iguala February 24, 1821

The Plan de Iguala’s Three Guarantees

Itrubide’s Banner that won Independence for Mexico

• Independence for all Mexicans

• Equality for Peninsulares and Criollos (not necessarily for the Indigenous populations)

• Catholicism as the official state religion

The Banner of Three Guarentees

Emperor Iturbide

Angel of Independence

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

1824Flag of the 1st Mexican Republic

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.