metathese meta tithemi. nctl nov. 1998c&en 21. 9. 1998c&en 4. mai 1998 asymmetric ring...

40
Metathese meta tithemi

Upload: olivia-callahan

Post on 26-Mar-2015

218 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Metathese

meta tithemi

Page 2: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Metathese

meta tithemi

Page 3: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998

ASYMMETRIC RINGCLOSING AND OPENING

news of the week

Page 4: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Epothilon

RuCy3P

PCy3

Ph

ClCl

Page 5: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week
Page 6: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Entwicklung der Metathese

•1957 Eleuterio --> ROMP

MoCl5/Et3Al 160°C

n

MoO3/Al2O3 150°C

Page 7: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Entwicklung der Metathese

•1957 Eleuterio US. Pat. 3,074,918

•1960 Peters Gekreuzte Metathese

MoO3/Al2O3

+

Page 8: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Entwicklung der Metathese

•1957 Eleuterio US. Pat. 3,074,918

•1960 Peters US Pat. 2,963,447

•1967 Calderon C&EN 45, 51

WCl6 EtAlCl2 EtOHWCl6 EtAlCl2 EtOH

Page 9: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

TiTi VV CrCr CoCo

NbNb MoMo RuRu RhRh

TaTa WW ReRe OsOs IrIr

Aktive Metalloxide und -Aktive Metalloxide und -halogenidehalogenide

Page 10: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

SHOPShell-Higher-Olefin Process

SHOPShell-Higher-Olefin Process

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

C12 C14

C11

C14

C12

C13

C13

C13

C6

C6

C18

C18

C18

MoO3/Al2O3 100-125°C 10 bar

C11-C14 Tenside > 1.000.000 t/a

Page 11: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Monsanto-Gulf-StyrolMonsanto-Gulf-Styrol

WO3/SiO3 500°C

O2

PbO

Page 12: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Phillips 3 OlefinARCO 136.000 t/a

Norsorex 5000 t/a

VestenamerH s 12.000 t/a

VerfahrenRe2O7

Al2O3

W / Rh

+

n

Page 13: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Mechanismus der Metathese

• katalytisch wirksame Struktur• Logistik: Ligandenaustausch• Übergangszustand, elektronische Änderungen

Page 14: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Intermediate der Metathese?

QuasicyclobutanPettit THL 1971, 789

Metallacyclopentan

TetramethylenmetallGrubbs JACS 1972, 2538

M M

M

M

Page 15: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week
Page 16: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Doppelbindungsbruch

D3CCD3

D3C

D

CH3

HWCl6

EtAlCl2

EtOH

D

D

H3CCH3

H

H

Calderon TL, 1967, 3327

Page 17: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Unpaarige Metathese

99%

D

D

D

D

H

H

H

H

D

DD

D

H

HD

D

H

HH

H

WCl6

EtAlCl2

EtOH

1

2

1Grubbs 1976

Page 18: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Metallacyclobutan

O

Mo

N

tBuO

tBuO

CF3

CF3

iPr

iPr

Mo-C: 2.227 Mo-C: 2.211

C-C: 1.506 Schrock JACS 1991, 113, 6899

Page 19: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

[M]

R

[M]

R

R

[M]

R

[M]

R

[M]

R

[M]D

R

[M]

H

HR

H

RR

[M]

R

[M]

R

R

R[M]

R

[M]

R

R

R

RR[M]

Chauvin Mechanismus 1970

22 + 2 + 2 Cycloaddition Cycloaddition

15 kcal

Page 20: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

[2+2] Cycloaddition[2+2] Cycloaddition

HOMO LUMO dX2-Y2 pX

HOMOC

H

H

H

PR3

M C

H

H

Cl PR3

M C

H

H

Cl

Rapp?JACS 1985, 107, 1206

Page 21: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

CH3

[M]

X

CH2

[M]+ HX

H[M]

[M]

H

[M] H

[M]H

[M]

H

[M]

H

[M]

-

[M][M]

[M]H

R R R R

[M]

H

Carben-InitiationCarben-Initiation

Oxidative Addition1,3-Hydridshift

Page 22: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Moderne MetatheseModerne Metathese

Ru

PCy3

PCy3

RCl

ClRe O

O

O

HERMANNHERMANN

SCHROCKSCHROCK

GRUBBSGRUBBS

NAr

MoRO

RO

Ph

Page 23: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Hermanns TricarbenHermanns Tricarben

Hermann Angew. Chem. 1998, 110, 2631

N N

NN

RuPhCl

Cl

Ar

Ar

Ar

Ar

N N RR

N N RR N SR

N SR

H

Page 24: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Cy3P

Ru

PCy3

Cl

Cl H

H

Cy3P

Ru

PCy3

Cl

Cl H

HRu

PCy3

Cl

Cl H

HRu

PCy3

Cl

Cl

Cy3P

Ru

PCy3

Cl

H

HCl

Ru

PCy3

Cl

Cl H

HRu

PCy3

Cl

ClRu

PCy3

Cl

Cl

- PCy3

- PCy3

- PCy3

Cy3P

Ru

PCy3

Cl

Cl H

H

Cy3P

RuCl

Cl

H

H

Cy3P

RuCl

Cl

Cy3P

RuCl

Cl

H

H

Cy3P

RuCl

Cl

Cy3P

RuCl

Cl

Page 25: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

PolymerisationenPolymerisationen

RadikalischRadikalisch IonischIonisch MetatheseMetathese

EEA A [kJ/mol][kJ/mol] 75-12575-125 8-218-21 28-9728-97

H H [kJ/mol][kJ/mol] 80-100 80-100 80-100 80-100 0-300-30

Entartete Metathese

Page 26: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

99%

ROMP-RCM-Polymerisation kJ/mol

118

115

31

6

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ROMP / / / / / /

RCM -- --

Page 27: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

R[M]n

Lebendes Polymer

Rn

Rn

[M]m

Block-Copolymere

R O R[M]=O

m

Terminierung

Lebende Polymere?Lebende Polymere?

Page 28: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Ru

PCy3

PCy3

RCl

ClNAr

MoRO

RO

Ph

RCM: Schrock versus GrubbsRCM: Schrock versus Grubbs

O O O

CO2HOH O

NBn

OOH

N

Bn

N

BnH

O

O Ph

OSi Si

O

Ph

SS

Page 29: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

O

OH

HO

O

12

HN

14O

O

OOH

OH

NH2

Totalsynthesen und RCMTotalsynthesen und RCM

DiaminosuberinsWilliams 1998

1592U89 HIV Transcriptase InhibitorCrimmins 1996

CastanosperminPandit 1996

LasiodiplodinFürstner 1996

Schrock/Grubbs

DactylolFürstner 1996

Jasmin KetolactonFürstner 1996

CoronfacinBlechert 1996

Sch 38516Hoveyda 1996

N N

N

N

NH2

H N

HO

NOH

OH

OH

HO

HO

O

O

O

O

CO2H

HO2C

CO2Ph

NHBoch

H2N

Manzamin AMartin/Pandit

N

N

OH

O

Page 30: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Festphasen-CyclisierungFestphasen-Cyclisierung

Angew. Chemie1998, 110, 2677

Angew. Chemie1998, 110, 2120

X SUBSTRAT

PP

SUBSTRATHX

Spaltung + Entschützung

SUBSTRAT

Spaltung + Cyclisierung

SUBSTRAT

Sn

SUBSTRAT

I

SUBSTRAT

Spaltung + Cyclisierung

Page 31: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Nicolaou: Epothilon A 1997Nicolaou: Epothilon A 1997

16

WittigO

O

HO

OOTBS

N

S

O

O

O

HO

OOTBS

N

S

O

E 46% Z 39%

(PCy3)2Ru(=CHPh)Cl2

16

Aldol

Ester

Wittig

Epothilon C

O

HO

OOH

N

S

O

O

Epothilon A

Page 32: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Acetylen MetatheseAcetylen Metathese

Grubbs JACS 1994,116, 10801

OTES OTESGrubbs

C6H6

85%

??[Ru][Ru]

Page 33: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Acetylen MetatheseAcetylen Metathese

Grubbs JACS 1994,116, 10801

OTES OTESGrubbs

C6H6

85%

leicht zugänglichelektronenarm

gehindert

Page 34: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

OTES

[M]

OTES

[M]

OTES

[M]

OTES

[M]

Acetylen MetatheseAcetylen Metathese

Grubbs JACS 1994,116, 10801

OTES OTES

Grubbs 3%65°C, 6 hC6H6, 85%

Page 35: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Nebenreaktionen der RCMNebenreaktionen der RCMNebenreaktionen der RCMNebenreaktionen der RCM

Carben-DimerisierungCarben-Dimerisierung

OR

[M]

OR

[M]

R

CO

OR

[M]

OR

[M]

R

COCarbonylbildungCarbonylbildung

PolymerisierungPolymerisierung

DimerisierungDimerisierung

[M]

R R

2

R[M]

R R

2

R

X X XX X X

Page 36: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Lektionen aus den Totalsynthesen ?Lektionen aus den Totalsynthesen ?

• cis/trans-> Hydrierung

• 5-8 gliedrige Ringe => cis

RR

R

R H2/Pd-CR

R

Page 37: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

• HH++

• CuClCuCl• MeIMeI• Ti(OTi(OiiPr)Pr)44

EPCy3

Cy3P

Ru

PCy3

Cl

Cl H

HCy3P

RuCl

Cl

H

H

E

EPCy3

Cy3P

Ru

PCy3

Cl

Cl H

HCy3P

RuCl

Cl

H

H

E

PCyPCy33 Dissoziation Dissoziation

Page 38: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Schrock versus GrubbsSchrock versus Grubbs

Stabilität -78°C 20°CLagerung inert inert

H20 - ?O2 -

Carbonyle -Amide -

Alkohole -TON/TOF ++ +

1 mmol DM 760,- DM 163,-

Substrate

NAr

MoRO

RO

Ph

Ru

PCy3

PCy3

RCl

Cl

Page 39: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week
Page 40: Metathese meta tithemi. NCTL Nov. 1998C&EN 21. 9. 1998C&EN 4. Mai 1998 ASYMMETRIC RING CLOSING AND OPENING news of the week

Initiatoren der Metathese

ROBERT H. GRUBBS, geb. 1942. Caltech, Pasadena, CaB.S. 1963, M.S., 1965, U. Florida; Ph.D. 1968, Columbia University;1968-69, Stanford University.

RICHARD R. SCHROCKA.B. 1967 U. California, RiversidePh.D. 1971 Harvard University