metal working processes, tools, and machines
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Metal Working Processes, Tools,
and Machines (sheet and small section steel)
Eng. Bob Fairchild
CHAB Stove Camp
The Farm Sept 2012
![Page 2: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
“Raw” Materials
• Plain steel sheet
• Galvanized steel sheet – flat, corrugated, d-rib
• Stainless steel sheet
• Plain steel rod, rebar, bar, angle
• Slotted angle
• Expanded metal
• Hardware cloth
• Steel pipe, conduit
![Page 3: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Why Steel?
• Cheap
• Durable
• Takes high temperatures
• Not too difficult to work
• Stainless - takes heat better but is harder and much more expensive and less heat conductive
![Page 4: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
“Processed” materials
• Stovepipe
• Steel buckets
• Steel drums/barrels
• Stainless steel “Cornys”
• Pots and bowls
• Cast iron grates
![Page 5: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Measuring and Marking • Scale/ruler
• Tape measure (length and diameter)
• Square
• Protractor
• Scribe (w or w/o blacking and bluing)
• Pens, pencils
• Dividers/compass
• Snap punch
• Center punch
• Sheet metal gauge
![Page 6: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Measuring tools
![Page 7: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Marking tools
![Page 8: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Making Holes
• “Church key” can opener
• Twist drills (lousy in sheet metal)
• Step drills (great in sheet metal) –small
• Hole saws (bimetal and carbide teeth) - large
• Hollow punches
• Hand punches
• Knockout punches
• Foot lever punches
![Page 9: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Twist drills Step drills
![Page 10: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Hole saws
Bimetal Carbide
![Page 11: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hollow punches Hand punches
![Page 12: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Knockout punches Foot lever punch
![Page 13: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cutting • Hammer and chisel • Hand and power snips • Hand and power nibblers • hand notchers • Hand and foot lever notchers • Slotted angle shear • Angle shear, notcher • Circle cutter • Circle shear • Hand lever shear • Foot shear • Rotary can openers • Drum deheader • Angle grinder • Hand and power saws (hack, jig, circular, chop, …)
![Page 14: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Snips
![Page 15: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Nibblers
![Page 16: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Hand notchers
![Page 18: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Lever notchers
Hand lever notcher: 6”-152mm Foot lever notcher: 3 1/8”-80mm
![Page 20: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Slotted angle shear
![Page 21: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Circle cutter – electric drill powered
![Page 22: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Hand lever shears
![Page 23: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Shear machines
Foot shear
Circle shear - manual
![Page 24: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Drum deheaders
![Page 25: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Grinding
• Stones
• Files
• Angle grinder (electric, pneumatic)
• Grinding wheel (hand, foot, electric)
![Page 26: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Angle grinders
![Page 27: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Bending
• Pliers benders
• Cleat bender
• Sheet metal brake
• Angle bender
![Page 28: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Pliers benders
![Page 29: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Bending machines
Cleat bender
(1/2” (12.5mm) 180° fold)
Sheet metal brake (bender)
![Page 30: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Angle iron cutter, notcher, bender
![Page 31: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Rolling (making cylinders and rings)
• Hand rolling
• Slip roller – sheet metal
• Bead roller, edger, flanger
• Ring roller – bar/angle/rod
![Page 32: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Manual rolling machines
Slip roll Bead roller Ring roller
![Page 33: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Joining
• Crimping
• Bending (tab and slot)
• Riveting
• Screwing
• Bolting
• Spot welding
• Welding
![Page 34: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Rivet gun
![Page 35: Metal Working Processes, Tools, and Machines](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071600/613d205e736caf36b759a028/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Spot welder