MetabolismMOVE Support August 5, 2014

Glenna Stewart, MS RD LD

Energy Balance

Carbohydrate Fat

Protein

Basal Metabolism

Physical Activity

Digestion, Absorption, & Processing Nutrients Thermogenesis

ENERGY OUTPUT

ENERGY INPUT

Food hunts man..

CarbohydrateProteinFatAlcohol

Energy Input

Basal Metabolism Lean Body Mass Body Surface Area Gender Body Temperature Thyroid Hormones Nervous System

Activity Pregnancy Caffeine & Tobacco

Use

Energy Output

Physical Activity

Digestion, Absorption & Processing Nutrients

Thermogenesis

Basal Metabolism Minimum amount of energy expended in

a fasting state to keep a resting, awake body alive in a warm quiet environment.

60-70% in a sedentary person

Let’s see how basal metabolism contributes to energy needs.

Basal Metabolism 2.2 lb for every kg, convert weight

200 / 2.2 = 90 kg

Rough estimate of basal metabolism: 0.9 kcal/kg per hour 1.0 kcal/kg per hour

90 x 1 = 90 kcal/hr

90 x 24 = 2160 kcal

Basal Metabolism

Factors that Increase:Lean Body Mass Body Surface Area Gender Body Temperature Thyroid Hormones Nervous System Activity Pregnancy Caffeine & Tobacco Use

Basal Metabolism

Factors that Decrease: Low Energy Intake

10-20%150 to 300 kcal/day

Loss of Lean Body Mass1-2% past age of 30 Physical Activity Preserves

Physical Activity

Increases basal metabolism by 25 – 40%.

Varies widely among individuals

Varies among activities.

Examples: stairs vs elevator, walking vs driving, standing vs sitting.

Evaluation: leisure time

Digestion, Absorption & Processing

Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

Sales Tax: 5 – 10%For every 100 calories of basal

metabolism, 105 – 110 kcal.

Food Composition Protein (20-30%) Carbohydrate (5-10%) Fat (0-3%)

Thermogenesis Increase in non-voluntary physical

activity triggered by cold conditions or overeating.

Fidgeting, Shivering, Maintenance of Muscle Tone, Upholding Body Posture

Concept Energy Balance = Input + Output

The Body Uses Energy for 4 main purposes:

Basal Metabolism (60-70%)

Physical Activity (20-30%)

Digestion, Absorption, & Processing

Thermogenesis