metabolic alterations and thyroid volume in iodine ... · iodine deficiency breast syndrome 1021...
TRANSCRIPT
Frontiers in Thyroidology Volume 2
Edited by
Geraldo Medeiros-Neto, M . D . Professor o j M e d i a n e U n i v e r s i i y o j Säo P a u l o M e d i c a l Schoo! a n d Secretary G e n e r a l N i n t h I n t e r n a t i o n a l T h y r o i d Congress Säo P a u l o , B r a z i l
and Eduardo Gaitan, M . D .
Professor o j M e d i a n e U n i v e r s i i y o j M i s s i s s i p p i M e d i c a l S c h o o l a n d Chief, E n d o c r i n o l o g y S e c l i o n Veterans A d m i n i s t r a t i o n M e d i c a l C e n t e r
J a c k s o n , M i s s i s s i p p i
Plenum Medical Book Company • New York and London
Library ol Congress Cataloging in Publication Daia
International Thyroid Congress (9th: 1985: S ä o Paulo, Brazil) Frontiers in thyroidology.
"Proceedings ol' the Ninth International Thyroid Congress, held September 1-6,
1985, in S ä o Paulo. Brazil" — T . p . verso.
Ineludes bibliographies and index. 1. Thyroid gland — Diseases — Congresses. 2. Thyroid gland — Congresses. 3.
Thyroid hormones — (Kongresses. I. Mcdeiros-Neto, Ceraldo A . II. Gaitan, Kduardo. III. Title. [ D N L M : 1. Thyroid Diseases —congresses. 2. Thyroid Gland — physiology — congresses. 3. Thyroid Hormones— congresses. 4. Thyroid Neoplasms — congresses. W3 IN925K 9th 19851"/ VVK 200 159 19851] RC655.I655 1985 616.4'4 86-30538 ISBN 0-306-42490-8
Proceedings of the Ninth International Thyroid Congress, held September 1-6, 1985,
in S ä o Paulo, Brazil
© 1986 Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N . Y . 10013
Plenum Medical Book Company is an imprint of Plenum Publishing Corporation
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval System, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Printed in the United States of America
CONTENTS
VOLUME 2
THYROGLOBULIN: STRUCTURE AND DEFECTIVE SYNTHESIS
Determination of the Complete Primary S t r u c t u r e of Bovine T h y r o g l o b u l i n V i a cDNA Sequencing and Gene A n a l y s i s 803
L. Mercken, M.J. Simons, S. S w i l l e n s , M. Massaer, and G. Vassart
Enhanced Turnover of T h y r o g l o b u l i n RNA i n the Thyroid of G o i t r o u s Goats 809
J.J.M. De V i j l d e r , A. S t e r k , K. Kok, and F. Bass
Con g e n i t a l G o i t e r of the A f r i k a n d e r C a t t l e : Evidence f o r D e f e c t i v e S p l i c i n g of T h y r o g l o b u l i n (Tg) Gene T r a n s c r i p t s 815
V.A. P o h l , M.H. R i c k e t t s , G. de Martynoff, CD. Boyd, A.J. B e s t e r , P.P. van J a a r s v e l d , M.J. Simons, J.L. P a s t e e i s , and G. Vassart
R e l a t i o n s h i p Between Formation of Hormonogenic Peptides and Coupling i n T h y r o g l o b u l i n 819
C. Turmo and L. Lamas
A f f i n i t y L a b e l i n g of Dehydroalanine Residues i n Hog T h y r o g l o b u l i n and I s o l a t i o n of Dehydroalanine-c o n t a i n i n g Peptides 825
T. Kondo, H. Hayashi, and N. Ui
F u r t h e r Studies on the Hormonogenic S i t e s i n Rabbit T h y r o g l o b u l i n and t h e i r Amino Ac i d Sequences 831
J.T. Dunn, L.A. H i t e , and R.C. Moore
R e g u l a t i o n of T h y r o g l o b u l i n (Tg) I o d i n a t i o n and Thyroid Hormone Formation i n FRTL-5 C e l l s 837
P. S a n t i s t e b a n , M. De Luca, D. Corda, E.F. Grollman, and L.D. Kohn
Monoclonal A n t i b o d i e s Recognizing Both Ends of the B i p o l a r T h y r o g l o b u l i n Molecule: Use i n E l e c t r o n M i c r o s c o p i c C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n of the M o l e c u l a r Surface 841
Y. Kondo, K. Inoue, E. Kondo, and N. Ui
Absence of Gross Gene D e l e t i o n i n Human Cong e n i t a l G o i t e r w i t h T h y r o g l o b u l i n D e f i c i e n c y 845
H.M. Targovnik, H. Brocas, and G.A. Medeiros-Neto
vii
Rat T h y r o g l o b u l i n : S t r u c t u r e P r e d i c t i o n 849 S. Formisano, C. M o s c a t e l l i , R. Z a r r i l l i , R. Aquaviva,
S. O b i c i , B. Di Jeso, and G. Palumbo
Measurement of Serum T h y r o g l o b u l i n (Tg) Con c e n t r a t i o n s Using Monoclonal A n t i - T g A n t i b o d i e s which Recognize Determinants D i f f e r e n t from those of Anti-Tg A u t o a n t i b o d i e s 855
I . Kubo, M. Izumi, A. K u r a t a , S. Okamoto, N. Okada, L.F. Kumagai, and S. Nagataki
E a r l y Increase of C i r c u l a t i n g T h y r o g l o b u l i n i n Postpartum T h y r o i d D y s f u n c t i o n 859
L.K. Matsumura, N. Amino, Y. Endo, H. Tamaki, M. Aozasa, J . T a c h i , Y. Watanabe, Y. Iwat a n i , K. M i y a i , M. M o r i , and 0. Tanizawa
Re g i o n a l V a r i a t i o n s i n Neonatal Cord Blood T h y r o g l o b u l i n ( T g ) , TSH, T 4 , T3 C o n c e n t r a t i o n s , and the Reverse T 3 / T 3 R a t i o i n Endemie G o i t e r (EG) Areas 865
M. Knobel, R. Kazan, M.C. M a r t i n s , Z. L e i t e , E. M a t t a r , and G.A. Medeiros-Neto
Chemical Versus Enzymatic I o d i n a t i o n of T h y r o g l o b u l i n (Tg): S e l e c t i v i t y i n Thyroid-peroxidase C a t a l y z e d I o d i n a t i o n 873
A. Taurog and M.L. D o r r i s
Role of T h i o l Proteases and Cathepsin D i n T h y r o g l o b u l i n D i g e s t i o n w i t h Thyroid Lysosomes 879
M. Y o s h i n a r i and A. Taurog
GOITER PATHOGENESIS
Assay f o r Thyroid G r o w t h - s t i m u l a t i n g T h y r o g l o b u l i n s : S t i m u l a t i o n of ^H-thymidine I n c o r p o r a t i o n i n t o I s o l a t e d Thyroid F o l l i c l e s by TSH Together w i t h T h y r o g l o b u l i n , by EGF and by Immunoglobulins of G o i t r o u s P a t i e n t s from an I o d i n e - d e f i c i e n t Region 885
H. Schatz, K. P s c h i e r e r - B e r g , J.A. N i c k e l , R. Bar, F. M u l l e r , R.G. B r e t z e l , H. M u l l e r , and H. S t r a c k e
The E f f e c t of I o d i z e d O i l on T h y r o i d Growth Immunoglobulins (TGI), T h y r o g l o b u l i n (Tg) Response to Bovine TSH, and Thyro i d Hormones i n Large M u l t i n o d u l a r Endemie G o i t e r s . . . . 893
A. Halpern, N. Lima, Z. C o z z i , and G. Medeiros-Neto
Can the S t i m u l a t o r y E f f e c t s of TSH and IgG Thyroid S t i m u l a t o r s be Separated by Bioassay? 897
P.P.A. Smyth, B. Grubeck-Loebenstein, and N.M. McMullan
A p p a r e n t l y C l o n a l Thyroid Adenomas May Contain Heterogeneously Growing and F u n c t i o n i n g C e l l Subpopulations 901
H. Gerber, H.J. P e t e r , H. Studer, and J . Kaempf
P o s t m i t o t i c A l t e r a t i o n of F o l l i c u l a r Iodine Metabolism Düring "Co l d " F o l l i c l e Formation 907
M.C. Many, I . Mahmoud, and J.F. Denef
viii
Retransformation of Human Nontoxic Nodular G o i t e r to Normal Thyroid T i s s u e a f t e r X e n o t r a n s p l a n t a t i o n i n t o Nude Mice 913
H. D r a l l e and W. Bocker
Is There a D i f f e r e n c e i n the Iodothyronine P r o d u c t i o n Rates of P a t i e n t s w i t h Hot or Cold Thyroid Nodules? 919
D. Rosenthal, H. G r a f , M.M.D. Breitenbach, and B.A. Cardoso
C l i n i c o p a t h o l o g i c and H i g h - r e s o l u t i o n U l t r a s o n o g r a p h i c E v a l u a t i o n of C l i n i c a l l y Suspicious or Malignant Thyroid Disease 925
I . D. Hay, C.C. Reading, L.H. Weiland, T.T. H o r l o c k e r , C S . Grant, E.M. James, J.A. van Heerden, P.R. K a r s e i l , L.E. Wold, and J.W. Charboneau
Esophageal T r a n s i t Delay i n P a t i e n t s w i t h G o i t e r : A Commonly Overlooked D i s o r d e r 929
D. G l i n o e r , J . V e r e i s t , A. Verhoeven, and H.R. Ham
Thyroid F u n c t i o n i n Male Workers Manufacturing Dithane®, an A g r i c u l t u r a l F u n g i c i d e , and i n Men Not Exposed to Dithane® 933
N.D. Charkes, L.E. Braverman, K.F. Penko, D.S. Gowers, C F . Gordon, L. L i p w o r t h , and L.S. Malmud
Evidence of a D i r e c t E f f e c t of A l c o h o l on the Thyroid Gland 937
L. Hegedus, J . R a s t r u p , K. Krogsgaard, and J . A l d e r s h v i l e
I m p l i c a t i o n f o r a P a r a c r i n e Factor from P o r c i n e T h y r o i d F o l l i c l e s w i t h Growth Promoting A c t i v i t y f o r F i b r o b l a s t s 941
W. G r e i l , R. Gärtner, U. Rettenmaier, K. Horn, and R.C P i c k a r d t
Q u a l i t a t i v e l y Abnormal T h y r o i d Peroxidase i n Two C o n g e n i t a l G o i t e r s (Coupling Defect and I " Trapping Defect) 945
K. Yamamoto, K. S a i t o , K. Ando, and T. Kuzuya
Pathogenesis of Autonomous Growth i n Human M u l t i n o d u l a r G o i t e r 951
H.J. P e t e r , H. Gerber, H. Studer, E. Schurch, and J . Teuscher
F o l l i c u l a r F u n c t i o n Does Not P a r a l l e l F o l l i c u l a r Growth i n Human M u l t i n o d u l a r G o i t e r 957
H. Studer, H.J. P e t e r , and H. Gerber
C y c l i c AMP (cAMP), T r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( T 3 ) , and Thyroxine (T^) Released from Thy r o i d Toxic Nodules i n Response to TSH In V i t r o 963
C S . Farah, J.H. R o m a l d i n i , R.S. Camargo, R.P. D a l l ' A n t o n i a J r . , and R.S. Werner
l o d i z e d O i l A d m i n i s t r a t i o n Induces F o l l i c u l a r and Vascular L e s i o n s i n Mouse H y p e r p l a s t i c Thyroid Glands 967
I . Mahmoud, F. Gangbo, M.C. Many, and J.F. Denef
ix
C - G l y c o s y l f l a v o n e s : Goitrogens i n M i l l e t 971 E. G a i t a n , R.C. Cooksey, J . Legan, F.M. C u t l e r ,
E.F. Meydrech, R.H. Lindsay, J . H i l l , R.D. R e i c h e r t , S.H. Ingbar, K. Kubota, and E. Duque
Role of C y c l i c AMP i n the Pathogenetic Mechanism of the Tapazole-induced G o i t e r 977
A. Di C a r l o , A. Mariano, and V. Macchia
IODINE DEFICIENCY AND EXCESS DISORDERS
Metabolie A l t e r a t i o n s and Thyro i d Volume i n Iodine D e f i c i e n c y 985
R. Gutekunst, H. Smolarek, and P.C. S c r i b a
S e v e r i t y of Environmental Iodide D e f i c i e n c y (EID) and Incidence of Neonatal Hypothyroidism (NH) 989
N. K o c h u p i l l a i , M.M. Godbole, C S . Pandav, and M.M.M.S. Ahuja
Endemie C r e t i n i s m and Co n g e n i t a l Hypothyroidism i n Endemie G o i t e r i n A l g e r i a 993
M.L. Chaouki, F. Delange, R. Maoui, A.M. Ermans, and M. Benmiloud
Congenital Hypothyroidism i n Endemie G o i t e r Areas 997 I. A n t o n o z z i , C. C a r d u c c i , R. D o m i n i c i , and F. Monaco
P o s s i b l e E t i o l o g i c a l F a c t o r s and Consequences of a Moderate Iodine D e f i c i e n c y on I n t e l l e c t u a l C o e f f i c i e n t of Schoolage c h i l d r e n 1001
S. Muzzo, L. L e i v a , and D. Carrasco
Plasma Somatomedin-C i n Endemie C r e t i n s and Primary Hypothyroidism: E f f e c t of L - T 4 or L - T 3 Therapy 1007
H. C a v a l i e r e , N. Lima, M.C.M. M a r t i n s , M. Knobel, and G. Medeiros-Neto
Accentuation o f Gross Locomotor A c t i v i t y i n the Progeny of Rats Fed a Low-iodine D i e t (LID) Düring and a f t e r Pregnancy 1013
R. F i e r r o - B e n i t e z , C.P. Barsano, T.J. Smith, L. Seiden, Y. Murata, and J . E i c h f e l d
T r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( T 3 ) K i n e t i c s i n an Endemie G o i t e r Area — E f f e c t of P r o p h y l a x i s 1017
T. Watanabe, O.J. D e g r o s s i , N. A l t s c h u l e r , A.A. Z a n i n o v i c h , and E.B. Degrossi
Iodine D e f i c i e n c y Breast Syndrome 1021 W.R. Ghent and B.A. E s k i n
E t i o l o g y of Mammary Gland Pathophysiology Induced by Iodine D e f i c i e n c y 1027
B. A. E s k i n , T.B. Krouse, P. Modhera, and M.A. M i t c h e l l
E f f e c t s of M a t e r n a l Iodine D e f i c i e n c y on T 4 and T3 Contents o f Rat Concepta, Both Before and A f t e r Onset of F e t a l T h y r o i d F u n c t i o n 1033
F. Escobar d e l Rey, R. P a s t o r , J . M a l l o l , and G. Morreale de Escobar
x
U n i n h i b i t e d Thyroid R a d i o i s o t o p e Uptake Despite Iodine Excess: A Phenoraenon Observed Hypothyroidism, Related to Severe D e f e c t i v e O r g a n i f i c a t i o n 1039
W.M. W i e r s i n g a , M.D. T r i p , and E.A. van Royen
F e t a l Development i n the Marmoset w i t h Iodine D e f i c i e n c y 1045
B.S. H e t z e l , M.T. Mano, G.B. B e l l i n g , and B.J. P o t t e r
The E f f e c t of Iodine D e f i c i e n c y C o r r e c t i o n (IDC) by I o d i z e d O i l on Endemie Mental R e t a r d a t i o n (EMR) of the Andean Rural Communities Endemized by G o i t e r 1051
R. F i e r r o - B e n i t e z , R. Cazar, and J.B. Stanbury
Iodinated S kin D i s i n f e c t a n t s i n Mothers at D e l i v e r y and Impairment of Thyroid F u n c t i o n i n t h e i r Breast Fed I n f a n t s 1055
J.P. Chanoine, P. Bourdoux, A. Pardou, and F. Delange
Rapid C o n t r o l of Amiodarone-iodine-induced Hypothyroidism by Short-term A d m i n i s t r a t i o n of Potassium P e r c h l o r a t e 1061
E. Martino, S. M a r i o t t i , M. L e n z i a r d i , S. Morabito, A. A r c o r a c i , M. S a f r a n , and L. B a s c h i e r i
E f f e c t i v e n e s s of Discontinuous A d m i n i s t r a t i o n of S u p r a p h y s i o l o g i c a l Doses of Iodide i n the Long-term C o n t r o l of Sporadic Nontoxic G o i t e r 1067
A. M. Ermans
Human Thyroid Tissue from a Toxic Adenoma Transplanted to Nude Mice: I n f l u e n c e of Continuous Iodine I n f u s i o n 1073
P.M. Schumm-Draeger, R. Senekowitsch, F.D. Maul, H.J.C. Wenisch, K. S c h o f f l i n g , and K.H. Usadel
I n a p p r o p r i a t e E f f e c t s of Benziodarone on the Serum Thyroid Hormones and the P i t u i t a r y - t h y r o i d A x i s 1077
B. Xanthopoulos, D.A. Koutras, M.A. Boukis, G.D. P i p e r i n g o s , A. Souvatzoglou, and S.D. Moulopoulos
Myxedematous C r e t i n i s m : An I n d i c a t o r of the Most Severe Form of Endemie G o i t e r 1081
C. H. T h i l l y , P.P. Bourdoux, D.T. Due, R.G. DeLong, J.B. Vanderpas, and A.M. Ermans
HYPERTHYROIDISM
Biochemical Pathogenesis of the Autonomous Nodule: I n v e s t i g a t i o n of the Role of the T S H - c y c l i c AMP System 1085
J . Van Sande, F. Lamy, R. Lecocq, P. Cochaux, N. M i r k i n e , J . Mockel, A. Van Geertruyden, and J.E. Dumont
Immunogenetic O r i g i n s of Graves' Disease i n A f r o -Americans: Class I MHC Antigens 1089
S.H. Leech, J.F. W i l b e r , and C.F. Bryan
xi
On the Mechanism of I n h i b i t i o n of the T h y r o i d Adenylate C y c l a s e Response to T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Immunoglobulins G by Asialo-human C h o r i o n i c Gonadotropin 1095
H. Uchimura, Y. Fukue, F. Takaku, S. Okano, Y. K a n a j i , S.M. Amir, and S.H. Ingbar
Rapid A m e l i o r a t i o n of Severe C a r d i o v a s c u l a r Complications o f T h y r o t o x i c P a t i e n t s by Sodium Ipodate 1101
S.N. S e e l e n , E.A. P r e t e l l , F.A. Tapia, J.M. Sosa, and R. B a r r e t o
Outcome a f t e r Carbimazole (CBZ) Treatment i n Graves' Disease: R e l a t i o n s h i p to HLA-DR3, Thyroid S t i m u l a t i n g A n t i b o d i e s (TSAB), T3 S u p p r e s s i b i l i t y , and Free T4 1107
A.P. Weetman, S. Ratanachaiyavong, W. Love, G.W. M i d d l e t o n , R. John, C. H a l l a h a n , D. A l l i n g , J.H. Lazarus, R. H a l l , and A.M. McGregor
M i t o c h o n d r i a l Changes i n Graves' Disease: E l e c t r o n M i c r o s c o p i c Observations . 1111
0. V a l e n t e , I.P. Pacheco, O.A. Mora, R.P.R. F u r l a n e t o , and D.R. S u s t o v i c h
Long-term P r o g n o s t i c Value of the Anti-TSH Receptor A u t o a n t i b o d i e s (ATRAA) i n Graves' Disease Treated w i t h Carbimazole 1117
J . Duprey, M. Izembart, G. V a l l e e , and M.F. Benazet-Louis
T h y r o g l o b u l i n R e l e a s e - s t i m u l a t i n g A c t i v i t y (Tg-RSA) -A New I n d i c a t o r f o r Abnormal Immunoglobulin G i n Sera from P a t i e n t s w i t h Graves' Disease? 1121
Y. Fukue, H. Uchimura, T. M i t s u h a s h i , S. Okano, Y. K a n a j i , and F. Takaku
Graves' Disease Treated w i t h High Dose of Methimazole (MMI): Lack of C o r r e l a t i o n Between Serum T h y r o g l o b u l i n (Tg) and T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Antibody (TSAb) 1125
N. Bromberg, R.S. Werner, C S . Farah, M.C Werner, R.P. D a l l ' A n t o n i a J r . , and J.H. Romaldini
Changes i n T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Immunoglobulin (TSI) and T h y r o t r o p i n B i n d i n g I n h i b i t i n g Immunoglobulin (TBII) A c t i v i t i e s a f t e r Receptor A d s o r p t i o n by P o r c i n e Thyroid Plasma Membranes i n Sera of Untreated P a t i e n t s w i t h Graves' Disease 1129
Y. Kawakami, H. Uchimura, Y. Fukue, K. Matsuda, T. M i t s u h a s h i , K. I t o , and F. Takaku
Follow-up o f P a t i e n t s under Long-term P r o p r a n o l o l Therapy f o r Graves 1 Disease 1133
P. B l a n c , R. R o u l i e r , M. Pugeat, J . O r g i a z z i , P. Carayon, and J.L. C o d a c c i o n i
Long-term A d m i n i s t r a t i o n of Iopanoic A c i d i n a Case of Severe T h y r o t o x i c o s i s F a c t i t i a 1137
A.M. Ermans and P. Bourdoux
A R e e v a l u a t i o n of Long-term Treatment of Hyperthyroidism w i t h Tyropanoate (TP), an O r a l C h o l e c y s t o g r a p h i c Agent: A Comparison of the E f f e c t s of TP w i t h those o f Combined TP and Methimazole 1143
K. Noguchi and H. Suzuki
xii
Duplex Ultrasound Scanning of the Thyroid i n Hyperthyroidism . . . . 1147 J.P. Woodcock, K.J. Hodgson, J.H. Lazarus, G.M. Owen,
and A.M. McGregor
Changes of Serum A n g i o t e n s i n - C o n v e r t i n g Enzyme A c t i v i t y Düring Treatment i n P a t i e n t s w i t h Graves' Disease 1151
B.Y. Cho, D.S. Lee, J.K. Chung, C S . Koh, and M. Lee
E v a l u a t i o n of the H y p o t h a l a m i c - p i t u i t a r y - t e s t i c u l a r A x i s (HPTA) i n Men w i t h Graves' Diseas.e 1157
N. A b e l i n , W. N i c o l a u , and E. Mattar
Immunoglobulin A l l o t y p e s i n Immunogenic and Nonimmunogenic Hyperthyroidism 1163
G. Schernthaner, K. Badenhoop, W.R. Mayr, P. K o t u l l a , R. F i n k e , U. Bogner, and H. Schleusener
Graves' A u t o a n t i b o d y - s t i m u l a t e d Proteoglycan Synthesis i n FRTL-5 Thyroid C e l l s : A T h y r o t r o p i n (TSH) Receptor-mediated T h y r o i d a l A c t i v i t y which Appears to P a r a l l e l the Presence o f P r e t i b i a l Myxedema 1169
C. R o t e l l a , F. A l v a r e z , R. Toccafondi, W.A. V a l e n t e , and L.D. Kohn
Prednisolone as Treatment for Amiodarone-induced T h y r o t o x i c o s i s 1173
G. Manciet, J.P. David, A. T a b a r i n , D. Guillaume, E. V i l l a r e t , and P. Roger
HYPOTHYROIDISM
E f f e c t s of Maternal Thyroidectomy (T) on Rat Embryonic T 4 and T3 Contents and Development, Before and A f t e r Onset of F e t a l Thyroid F u n c t i o n (FTF) 1177
C Morreale de Escobar, R. P a s t o r , M.J. Obregon, and F. Escobar d e l Rey
C o n g e n i t a l Hypothyroidism: N e u r o p s y c h o l o g i c a l A b n o r m a l i t i e s i n C h i l d r e n Treated from E a r l y L i f e 1183
M. K l e t t , H. Wächter, K. Hieronymus, M. M u l l e r , and D. Schonberg
Impaired Immune Response i n Adult Animals a f t e r Neonatal Hypothyroidism 1187
L. Van Middlesworth and M.A. Cremer
Comparison of TSH and T4 Measurement as the Primary Screening Method c f C o n g e n i t a l Hypothyroidism 1191
M. I r i e , H. Naruse, H. Nakajima, S. Suwa, and N. Takasugi
P a r a d o x i c a l GH Response to TRH i n Hypothyroid Rats 1201 H. Ikeda and M.A. Greer
E f f e c t s of A l t e r a t i o n s i n Thyroid Status on GH Responses to GRF 1207
C. Dieguez, V. Jordan, R. V a l c a v i , C. A r t i o l i , M. Rodriguez-Arnao, A. Gomez-Pan, R. H a l l , and M. Scanion
xiii
Serum Thyroid A u t o a n t i b o d i e s as a R i s k Factor f o r Development of Hypothyroidism a f t e r Therapy fo r a S i n g l e Thyroid "Hot" Nodule 1211
S. M a r i o t t i , M. F r a n c e s c o n i , F. L i p p i , L. Grasso, T. G i a c o m e l l i , C. C e c c a r e l l i , and L. B a s c h i e r i
Spontaneous Remission of Hypothyroidism w i t h B l o c k i n g Type T h y r o t r o p i n B i n d i n g I n h i b i t o r Immunoglobulin (TBII) 1215
T. M o r i , T. Akamizu, T. I s h i h a r a , H. I s h i i , T. Yokota, H. Nakamura, and H. Imura
Is C o n g e nital Hypothyroidism an Autoimmune Disease? 1221 J.H. Dussault and D. B e r n i e r
A n t i - v i r a l A n t i b o d i e s i n C o n g e n i t a l Hypothyroidism 1225 K. M i y a i , N. Hata, T. Kurimura, 0. Nose, T. Harada,
T. Tsuruhara, S. Kusuda, R. Satake, H. Mi z u t a , N. Amino, and K. I c h i h a r a
T e s t i c u l a r F u n c t i o n i n P r o l a c t i n - t r e a t e d Hypothyroid Rats 1231
CA.S.A. M i n e t t i , P.Y. Su, L.B.S. V a l l e , and R.M. O l i v e i r a - F i l h o
The Response of Serum P r o l a c t i n to Short-term Hypothyroidism 1235
I.B. Haies, P. Ward, A. Weissberger, and B.M. L u t t r e l l
Decreased Serum Free Thyroxine and T h y r o g l o b u l i n L e v e l s i n Late Pregnancy: An I n d i c a t i o n of a Hypothyroid State 1241
T. Tanikawa, Y. Hara, Y. Sakatsume, K. Sato, H. Ikeda, J . I s h i i , K. Akamine, and Y. Murayama
THYROID CANCER
Onco-fetal Nature of Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase i n Experimental Thyroid C a r c i n o g e n e s i s i n Rats: A H i s t o c h e m i c a l Study 1245
S. Moriyama, A. Kawaoi, and N. H i r o t a
Enolase Subunit i n P a t i e n t s w i t h T h y r o i d Disorders 1249 K. Iwase, A. Nagasaka, K. Kato, S. Ohtani, A. Nakai,
T. Ohyama, S. Shinoda, M. I n a g a k i , T. T e i , S. Miyakawa, K. Kawase, K. M i u r a , I. Nagatsu, T. H a t t o r i , and H. Hasegawa
S c i n t i g r a p h i c Imaging of Me d u l l a r y T h y r o i d Cancer w i t h Technetium (V)-99m D i m e r c a p t o s u c c i n i c A c i d and 1-131 Metaiodobenzyl Guanidine 1255
K. Endo, Y. l i d a , J . K o n i s h i , H. Ohta, K. Kasagi, M. Koizumi, H. Sakahara, T. Nakashima, T. M i s a k i , A. M i y a u c h i , K. Kuma, and K. T o r i z u k a
A Study of 51 P a t i e n t s w i t h D i f f e r e n t i a t e d Thyroid Carcinoma A s s o c i a t e d w i t h Pulmonary Metastases without R a d i o l o g i c a l A b n o r m a l i t i e s 1261
M. Schlumberger, F. De V a t h a i r e , P. Fragu, C Parmentier, and M. Tubiana
xiv
P a p i l l a r y Thyroid Carcinoma: A Follow-up Report on 856 P a t i e n t s Treated Düring 1946-1970 at the Mayo C l i n i c 1265
W.M. McConahey, I.D. Hay, L.B. Woolner, J.A. van Heerden, and W.F. T a y l o r
The Value of L i t h i u m i n Radioiodine Therapy of Thyroid Carcinoma 1269
E. G. Movius, J . Robbins, L.R. P i e r c e , J.C. Reynolds, A.M. Keenan, and M.A. P h y i l l a i e r
Diagnosis of P a r a t h y r o i d Cysts by Measurement of T h y r o g l o b u l i n and P a r a t h y r o i d Hormone Co n c e n t r a t i o n s i n the F l u i d A s p i r a t e 1273
F. P a c i n i , A. A n t o n e l l i , L. G a s p e r i n i , R. L a r i , L. B a s c h i e r i , and A. Pinchera
Primary Thyroid Lymphoma 1277 H.F. Starnes J r . , D. F i l i p p a , and E.W. Strong
Primary Malignant Lymphoma of the T h y r o i d i n a P a t i e n t w i t h A c t i v e Graves 1 Disease 1281
T. F u j i h i r a , S. Eto, K. Z e k i , M. Masuda, S. Oda, S. Chiba, and H. Suzuki
S e r i a l Serum T h y r o g l o b u l i n Measurements i n the Management of D i f f e r e n t i a t e d Thyroid Carcinoma 1285
M.C. Sheppard, E.G. B l a c k , and R. Hoffenberg
S i g n i f i c a n c e of P o l a r i t y of Thyrocytes i n Radioimmunodetection o f Thyroid Nodules Using Labeled A n t i - T g Antibody 1289
S. Ohtakara, M. Izumi, T. K i r i y a m a , K. E g u c h i , and S. Nagataki
Improved Diagnosis of Malignancy i n N o n - f u n c t i o n i n g Thyroid Nodules by Serum T h y r o g l o b u l i n S t i m u l a t i o n w i t h Bovine TSH and Fine Needle Biopsy 1293
Z. L e i t e , R. C r o n f l i , P. C a r n e i r o , A. H a l p e r n , and G. Medeiros-Neto
Monoclonal Gammopathy i n Hashimoto's T h y r o i d i t i s and Malignant Lymphoma of the T h y r o i d Gland 1299
S. Matsubayashi, H. Tamai, K. Nagai, Y. T a k a i c h i , T. S u z u k i , F. Matsuzuka, K. Kuma, L.F. Kumagai, and S. Nagataki
New Approach f o r Diagnosis of Malignant G o i t e r Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 1303
Y. M i y a t a , T. S a s a k i , K. Takaya, Y. Taguchi, and M. K a s a i
Prevalence of I n c i d e n t a l Nodular T h y r o i d Disease Detected Düring H i g h - r e s o l u t i o n P a r a t h y r o i d Ultrasonography 1309
T.T. H o r l o c k e r , J.E. Hay, E.M. James, C.C. Reading, and J.W. Charboneau
C y t o s t a t i c Drug Therapy of A n a p l a s t i c T h y r o i d Carcinomas -An Experimental Approach 1313
H.J.C. Wenisch, R.H. Wagner, P.M. Schumm-Draeger, K. S c h o f f l i n g , and A. Encke
xv
A Method and R a t i o n a l e f o r T r e a t i n g M e t a s t a t i c Thyroid Carcinoma w i t h the Largest Safe Dose of l ^ l j 1317
R.S. Benua and R.D. Leeper
Combined C a l c i u m - P e n t a g a s t r i n S t i m u l a t i o n of C a l c i t o n i n : S e x - r e l a t e d D i f f e r e n c e s and Use i n E a r l y D e t e c t i o n of M e d u l l a r y Carcinoma of the Thyroid (MCT) 1323
A. G a r c i a - A m e i j e i r a s , W. de l a T o r r e , J . Rodriguez, J . P i e r a , J . S o l d e v i l a , and A. de L e i v a
THYROIDITIS: EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ASPECTS
Spontaneously O c c u r r i n g Lymphocytic T h y r o i d i t i s i n the BB/W Rat 1329
J . I s h i i , M. Yanagisawa, Y. Hara, K. Satoh, T. Tanikawa, Y. Sakatsume, S. Katayama, S. Kawazu, M. M i y a s h i t a , M. Takahama, and K. Komeda
A n t i - t h y r o g l o b u l i n A n t i - i d i o t y p i c A n t i b o d i e s i n Sera o f P a t i e n t s w i t h Hashimoto's T h y r o i d i t i s and Graves' Disease 1335
H. S i k o r s k a
The Role of Antibody-dependent C y t o t o x i c i t y and N a t u r a l K i l l e r C e l l s i n Hashimoto's Disease 1341
J . Sack, J.R. Baker J r . , A.P. Weetman, L. Wartofsky, and K.D. Burman
A n t i g e n - s p e c i f i c Monocyte Procoagulant A c t i v i t y (PCA) i n P a t i e n t s w i t h Autoimmune Thyr o i d Disease 1345
M. I i t a k a , J . B e r n s t e i n , H. G e r s t e i n , Y. I w a t a n i , V.V. Row, and R. Volpe
A Comprehensive Study of Some F o r t y Serum F a c t o r s i n Asymptomatic T h y r o i d i t i s 1349
V. de M a e r t e l a e r , R. Calay, and P. Neve
R e l a t i o n s h i p Between the A s s o c i a t i o n of Melasma w i t h T h y r o i d Autoimmunity and the D i f f e r e n t E t i o l o g i e s o f Melasma 1353
R.J. L u t f i , M. F r i d m a n i s , A.L. M i s i u n a s , E.A. Gonzalez, J.A. V i l l e m u r , M.A. M a z z i n i , and H. Niepomniszcze
T h y r o i d Autoimmunity i n Amiodarone l o d i n e - i n d u c e d T h y r o t o x i c o s i s (AIIT) 1357
G. F e n z i , E. Macchia, F. Aghini-Lombardi, R. C o n c e t t i , L. G a s p e r i n i , and M. L e n z i a r d i
A n a l y s i s of I n t r a t h y r o i d T C e l l from a Hashimoto's T h y r o i d Gland 1361
M. L o n d e i , G.F. B o t t a z z o , and M. Feldmann
In S i t u Immunologie D i s o r d e r s i n De Quervain's T h y r o i d i t i s 1365 J . L e c l e r e , G. Faure, M.C. Bene, J.L. Thomas, J.L. P a u l ,
and P. Hartemann
Chronic Lymphocytic T h y r o i d i t i s (CLT) i n C h i l d r e n and A d o l e s c e n t s : Studies i n 141 P a t i e n t s 1369
L.G. de Papendicek, S. Iorcansky, and C. Bergada
xvi
Function of the Antigen P r e s e n t i n g C e l l i n Rats w i t h Autoimmune T h y r o i d i t i s Induced by Thymectomy and I r r a d i a t i o n 1375
N. N i h e i and M. Funauchi
P e r i p h e r a l N a t u r a l K i l l e r (NK) Lymphocytes i n Autoimmune Thyroid Disease 1381
N. Amino, M. Aozasa, H. Tamaki, J . T a c h i , Y. Watanabe, Y. Iwata n i , K. M i y a i , S. F u j i y a s u , M. Nasu, M. M o r i , and 0. Tanizawa
C o r r e l a t i o n Between P e r i p h e r a l K C e l l s and C i r c u l a t i n g IgG-immune Complex or Immunosuppressive A c i d i c P r o t e i n i n P a t i e n t s w i t h Subacute T h y r o i d i t i s . .
H. Fukazawa, T. Sakurada, K. Yonemitsu, K. Yoshida, J . Seino, K. Fukuda, K. Tamura, T. Furuyama, and K. Yoshinaga
Lymphocytotoxicity i n Autoimmune Th y r o i d Disease . . . U. Bogner, J.R. W a l l , H. Schleusener, and K. S t e g l i t z
C y t o t o x i c T Lymphocytes and Autoimmune T h y r o i d Diseases M. Bagnasco, M. C a r i a , G. C i p r a n d i , W. D i r i e n z o ,
A. O r l a n d i n i , A. Scordamaglia, S. F e r r i n i , and G.W. Canonica
ASSESSMENT OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN ACTIVITY
D i r e c t Evidence f o r Human Thyroid Peroxidase I n t e r a c t i o n w i t h Anti-microsomal A u t o a n t i b o d i e s
B. Czarnocka, J . Ruf, M. Ferrand, S. L i s s i t z k y , and P. Carayon
A n t i t u b u l i n Antibody i n Various Thyroid Diseases . . . Y. Hara, K. Satoh, Y. Sakatsume, T. Tanikawa,
H. Ikeda, and J . I s h i i
P r oduction of Monoclonal A n t i b o d i e s to Human Thyroid Microsome Antigens 1415
S. Hirakawa, K. Mizushima, I . Shimizu, M. Sunada, S. Suzuki, and Z. Ota
The Microsomal Autoantigen i s an Epitope of the TSH Receptor . . . . 1421 M.N. Islam, R. Tuppal, B.S. Hawe, R. B r i o n e s - U r b i n a ,
and N.R. F a r i d
Thyroid Microsomal Antigen May be a Multimer of 107 kD P r o t e i n 1425
N. Hamada, L. Portmann, and L . J . DeGroot
Sandwich-type Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) f o r the D e t e c t i o n of Low L e v e l s of Microsomal A n t i b o d i e s 1431
Y. Sakatsume, Y. Hara, T. Tanikawa, K. Satoh, H. Ikeda, and J . I s h i i
T h y r o t r o p i n - r e c e p t o r A n t i b o d i e s i n E u t h y r o i d and Hypothyroid Subjects: C o r r e l a t i o n w i t h Microsomal and T h y r o g l o b u l i n A n t i b o d i e s 1437
H.M. Heshmati, M. Izembart, N. R u e l l a n d , P. de Cremoux, J.P. Devaux, and G. V a l l e e
xvii
1389
1395
1399
1403
1409
Use of FRTL-5 Rat Thyroid C e l l L i n e f o r Measurement of Human T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Immunoglobulin ( T S I ) : Comparison w i t h TSH-binding I n h i b i t i o n Immunoglobulin (TBII) 1441
M.K. Gupta, C. Johnson, and O.P. Schumacher
The Induction i n the Mouse of Immunoglobulins that Stimulate Thyroid Growth, Iodide C o n c e n t r a t i o n , and Bind TSH 1447
M. G a f n i , C.B. David, A. Gordon, and J . Gross
Fu r t h e r Studies of the P r o d u c t i o n by Rabbits of T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g A n t i - i d i o t y p i c A n t i b o d i e s to Anti-TSH 1451
G.N. B e a l l , B. Rapoport, I . J . Chopra, and S.R. Kruger
Thyroid Autoantibodies and Immunoglobulin Markers i n Type 1 D i a b e t i c F a m i l i e s 1457
S.H. Roman, R. Fagerstrom, M.E. W i t t , F. G i n s b e r g - F e l l n e r , and P. R u b i n s t e i n
Evidence that Thyroid G r o w t h - s t i m u l a t i n g Immunoglobulins (TGI) are not D i r e c t e d Against the TSH Receptor 1461
R. Gärtner, W. G r e i l , A. W i t t e , B. Mayinger, K. Horn, and R.C. P i c k a r d t
T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Antibody (TSAb) Mimics TSH i n i t s A b i l i t y to S t i m u l a t e the Expression of the Microsomal Antigen on the Surface of Continuously C u l t u r e d Rat Thyroid C e l l s 1465
L. Chiovato, P. V i t t i , C. C u p i n i , P. C e c c a r e l l i , A. Lombardi, and A. Pinchera
Evidence that S t i m u l a t i o n of Thyroid Growth i s Mediated by C y c l i c AMP (cAMP) 1469
D. Neylan, M. Z a k a r i j a , A.J. C l a f l i n , and J.M. McKenzie
IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN GRAVES1 DISEASE
Complement Component C9 i n Graves 1 Disease 1473 S. Ratanachaiyavong, D.A. Oleesky, M. Ludgate,
B. P. Morgan, A.K. Campbell, R. H a l l , and A.M. McGregor
D i s t r i b u t i o n of Thyroid A u t o a n t i b o d i e s Among the IgG Subclasses Düring F l u c t u a t i o n s i n T o t a l Serum L e v e l s Induced by Drug Therapy, Surgery, or Pregnancy 1475
S.M. McLachlan, R. Jansson, P. Thompson, M. B l i c h e r t - T o f t , U. Feldt-Rasmussen, E. Young, and B.R. Smith
Abnormal Thyroid S t i m u l a t o r s on C u l t u r e d Thyroid C e l l s V i s u a l i z e d by the Immunofluorescence S t a i n i n g Method 1479
N. Kuzuya, T. M i t s u h a s h i , K. Kubota, Y. Imai, H. Ikeda, H. Uchimura, and K. Yamashita
I n t e r a c t i o n s Between TSH B i n d i n g I n h i b i t i n g and Adenylate Cyclase S t i m u l a t i n g A n t i b o d i e s i n Graves' Disease 1485
S. M o r i t a , T. K i r i y a m a , N. Yokoyama, I . Kubo, and M. Izumi
xviii
Production of Anti-TSH A n t i b o d i e s w i t h High S p e c i f i c i t y to E i t h e r Human TSH or Bovine TSH i n a P a t i e n t w i t h Graves 1 Disease 1491
T. Akamizu, T. M o r i , K. K a s a g i , T. Yokota, H. Nakamura, and H. Imura
Heterogeneity of Graves 1 IgG: Comparison of TSH-receptor A n t i b o d i e s Between In Sera and In C u l t u r e Supernatants of Lymphocytes Transformed by EB V i r u s I n f e c t i o n 1497
N. Yokoyama, M. Taura, S. Ohtakara, F. Kakezono, and S. Nagataki
M u l t i p l e A u t o a n t i b o d i e s to the TSH Receptor i n Autoimmune Thyroid Disease 1501
Y. Koizumi, M. Z a k a r i j a , and J.M. McKenzie
E f f e c t of T h y r o t r o p i n Receptor B l o c k i n g A n t i b o d i e s on T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g A c t i v i t y of Graves' Immunog l o b u l i n s 1505
J . K o n i s h i , K. K a s a g i , Y. I i d a , T. M i s a k i , K. A r a i , Y. Tokuda, K. Endo, Y. Nohara, N. Matsuura, and K. T o r i z u k a
T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Immunoglobulins (TSI) and T h y r o i d G r o w t h - s t i m u l a t i n g Immunoglobulins (TGI) i n Graves' Disease (GD) 1509
H. B l i d d a l , L. Hegedus, J.M. Hansen, K. Bech, R.D. van der Gaag, and H.A. Drexhage
Autoimmunity Against a T h y r o g l o b u l i n - o r b i t a l Connective Tissue Membrane Shared Antigen i n Graves' Ophthalmopathy 1513
T. K u r o k i , J . Ruf, W. Harvey, P. de Young, A.R. M o i n i , and J.R. Wall
C y c l o s p o r i n A i n Endocrine Ophthalmopathy - A P i l o t Study 1519 R. Jansson, F.A. K a r l s s o n , P.A. Dahlberg, P. Enoksson,
E. T h o r g e i r s s o n , and T.H. Totterman
Immunosuppression by C y c l o s p o r i n i n Endocrine Orbitopathy 1523 G. Kahaly, B. Schweikert, J . Schrezenmeir, U. Krause,
and J . Beyer
E f f e c t of Methimazole and L i t h i u m - c h l o r i d e on the IgG P r o d u c t i o n o f P e r i p h e r a l Blood Mononuclear C e l l s S t imulated by Pokeweed Mitogen i n P a t i e n t s w i t h Graves' Disease 1527
K. Kushima, Y. Ban, N. Ishikawa, R. Sato, H. Hara, H. Nagakura, and H. N i i t a n i
I n h i b i t i o n of T h y r o g l o b u l i n S e c r e t i o n by A n t i t h y r o i d Drugs - Another Mechanism f o r Immunosuppression by Thionamides 1535
A. Feldman, A.E. Schwartz, E.W. Friedman, and T.F. Davies
Enumeration of T Lymphocyte Subsets i n Graves' Disease: Decreased Suppressor C e l l s i n Severe Hyperthyroidism 1539
H. C. G e r s t e i n , Y. I w a t a n i , M. I i t a k a , V.V. Row, and R. Volpe
A c t i v a t e d C i r c u l a t i n g T - c e l l Subsets and T h y r o i d Autoantibodies i n a - I n t e r f e r o n Treated P a t i e n t s 1543
P. Burman and K. Oberg
A P r o s p e c t i v e L o n g i t u d i n a l Study i n Graves' Disease: OKT4/OKT8 R a t i o I n d i c a t e s Treatment Choice, T h y r o i d -s t i m u l a t i n g A n t i b o d i e s (TSAb) I n d i c a t e Treatment Duration 1547
G. Edan, N. Genetet, C. Massart, J.P. Hespel, M. Le Reun, B. Genetet, and M. Simon
TSH Enhances Ex p r e s s i o n by Thyrocytes of I n t e r f e r o n -gamma Induced HLA-D/DR 1551
I . Todd, J.M. McNally, L . J . Harnmond, and R. P u j o l - B o r r e l l
A l t e r a t i o n s i n HLA-DR E x p r e s s i n g T C e l l Subsets Düring Treatment of Graves' Disease 1555
F.A. K a r l s s o n and T.H. Totterman
P e r i p h e r a l Ia P o s i t i v e T C e l l s and T h e i r A c t i v a t i o n by T h y r o g l o b u l i n , Thyroid Microsome, and TSH Receptor i n Autoimmune Th y r o i d Diseases 1559
K. Z e k i , S. Eto, T. F u j i h i r a , F. Shirakawa, and H. Suzuki
P e r i p h e r a l Blood and I n t r a t h y r o i d a l Mononuclear C e l l P o p u l a t i o n s and T h e i r R e l a t i o n to A u t o a n t i b o d i e s i n P a t i e n t s w i t h Graves' Disease 1563
N. Ishikawa, K. Eguchi, N. Momotani, Y. Ban, K. I t o , M. Matsunaga, T. Fukuda, and S. Nagataki
Ia Molecules E x p r e s s i o n and C e l l u l a r I n t e r a c t i o n s i n Thyroid Glands of Graves' Disease 1569
M. Matsunaga, K. Eg u c h i , T. Fukuda, A. Kurata, H. Tezuka, C. Shimomura, and S. Nagataki
Thyrocyte HLA-DR E x p r e s s i o n Induced by Autologous Graves' Lymphocytes and Supernatants From Mitogen-s t i m u l a t e d Lymphocytes 1575
Y. I w a t a n i , H. G e r s t e i n , M. I i t a k a , V.V. Row, and R. Volpe
A n t i g e n - p r e s e n t i n g D e n d r i t i c C e l l s i n Autoimmune Th y r o i d Disease 1579
H. A. Drexhage, M.M. W i l d e r s , R.D. van der Gaag, P.J. K a b e l , H.A.M. V o o r b i j , and W.M. Wiersinga
D i s s e c t i o n and C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n of the Spontaneous and Induced E x p r e s s i o n of HLA-D/DR by Thyroid E p i t h e l i u m 1587
I . Todd, B.A.S. Abdul-Karim, R. P u j o l - B o r r e l l , M. Feldmann, and G.F. Bottazzo
I n h i b i t i o n of TSH and Graves' IgG S t i m u l a t e d Iodine O r g a n i f i c a t i o n by D i t h i o t h r e i t o l : A P o s s i b l e Role f o r TSH Receptor Modulation i n Graves' Disease 1593
J . Ginsberg, C. von Westarp, and D.J. R a f t e r
Author Index 1597
Subject Index 1607
XX
CONTENTS
VOLUME 1
PLENARY LECTURES
T h y r o t r o p i n - r e l e a s i n g Hormone A c t i o n i n T h y r o t r o p i c C e l l s : Mechanism of S t i m u l a t i o n of T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Hormone S e c r e t i o n 1
M.C. Gershengorn
Thyroid Hormones and the Developing B r a i n 5 G. Morreale de Escobar
I o d i n e - s u f f i c i e n t G o i t e r and Autoimmune T h y r o i d i t i s : The Kentucky and Colombian Experience 19
E. G a i t a n
Neonatal Hypothyroid S c r e e n i n g : Nationwide Experience i n Japan 27
M. I r i e
Iodine D e f i c i e n c y , the T h y r o i d , and the B r a i n 37 B.S. H e t z e l
PROLACTIN, TSH, AND THYROID HORMONES
An Overview of the Neuroendocrine C o n t r o l of TSH and PRL, TSH B i o s y n t h e s i s , P i t u i t a r y D eiodinase, and TSH-producing Tumors 45
B. L. Wajchenberg and J.A.M. Marcondes
The N e u r o r e g u l a t i o n of TSH and P r o l a c t i n S e c r e t i o n 49 C. Dieguez, S. Foord, J . P e t e r s , R. H a l l , and M. Scanion
TSH B i o s y n t h e s i s 57 I.A. K o u r i d e s , J.A. Gurr, 0. Wolf, and G.K. W h i t f i e l d
Role of the P i t u i t a r y Iodothyronine 5'deiodinase A c t i v i t y i n the Negative Feedback by Th y r o i d Hormone upon TSH Release . . 65
J.E. S i l v a
TSH-secreting P i t u i t a r y Tumors 71 B.D. Weintraub, P.A. P e t r i c k , N. Gesundheit,
and E.H. O l d f i e l d
xxi
INHERITED DISORDERS
Emerging Concepts i n I n h e r i t e d D i s o r d e r s of Thyroid Metabolism . . . 79 G. Medeiros-Neto
H e r e d i t a b l e Defects i n T h y r o i d Peroxidase F u n c t i o n 83 L. J . DeGroot and L. Portman
H e r e d i t a r y G o i t e r w i t h T h y r o g l o b u l i n D e f i c i e n c y 91 G. Vassart
Thyroid Hormone-binding Plasma P r o t e i n s 97 G. Hennemann, E.P. Krenning, and R. Docter
I n h e r i t e d D i s o r d e r s of Thyroid Hormone A c t i o n 103 J . Gross
GROWTH CONTROL OF FOLLICULAR CELL IN VITRO
Expectations i n the Study on Growth Regu l a t i o n of Thyroid E p i t h e l i a l C e l l s In V i t r o 109
Y. Kondo
Growth C o n t r o l of F o l l i c u l a r C e l l s In V i t r o 113 F.S. Ambesi-Impiombato, D. Tramontano, and B.M. Ve n e z i a n i
C o n t r o l of P r o l i f e r a t i o n and of the E x p r e s s i o n of D i f f e r e n t i a t i o n i n Thyroid C e l l s i n C u l t u r e 119
J.E. Dumont, P.P. Roger, P. S e r v a i s , C. Gerard, S. Reuse, A. L e f o r t , R. Lecocq, and F. Lamy
Pos t - r e c e p t o r Events i n Growth C o n t r o l 125 M.A. P i s a r e v , G. Burton, P.B. Gra w i t z , G.D. Chazenbalk,
G.J. J u v e n a l , D.L. Kleiman de P i s a r e v , L. Krawiec, and R.M. V a l s e c c h i
Growth C o n t r o l and F o l l i c u l a r C e l l N e o p l a s i a 131 H. Studer
CLINICAL PROBLEMS IN THYROID DISEASE
C l i n i c a l Problems i n Thyroid Disease 139 C.J. Eastman
T r a n s p l a c e n t a l Antibody-induced Neonatal Syndromes 143 M. Z a k a r i j a and J.M. McKenzie
Labeled A n t i b o d i e s i n the L o c a l i z a t i o n and Therapy of Thyro i d Carcinoma 151
S. Nagataki
Amiodarone and the T h y r o i d 161 A. P i n c h e r a , E. M a r t i n o , F. Aghini-Lombardi, A. P a c c h i a r o t t i ,
M. L e n z i a r d i , and L. Braverman
xxii
THYROTROPIN: STRUCTURE, RECEPTOR BINDING, AND ASSAY METHODS
I s o l a t i o n and C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n of the Gene Encoding the ß-subunit of Rat T h y r o t r o p i n 169
F. E. Carr, L.R. Need, L. Shin, and W.W. Chin
I s o l a t i o n of a Gene Encoding Human T h y r o t r o p i n Beta Subunit 173 G. K. W h i t f i e l d , R.E. Powers, J.A. Gurr, 0. Wolf,
and I.A. Kourides
A u t o r a d i o g r a p h i c a l P o r t r a y a l of D i s t r i b u t i o n P a t t e r n s of TSH Receptors i n Human Thyroid Gland Tissues 177
H. W. M u l l e r , S. Schröder, G. Wasmus, P. Schmiegelow, and B.R. Smith
Bovine T h y r o t r o p i n B i n d i n g S i t e s i n N u c l e i and Nuclear M a t r i x of Porc i n e Thyrocytes 181
G.E. Fahraeus-van Ree and N.R. F a r i d
Flow Cytometric A n a l y s i s of TSH Bin d i n g to i t s Receptors 187 K. Takaya, S. Satomi, Y. M i y a t a , Y. Taguchi, and M. K a s a i
G a n g l i o s i d e and P h o s p h o l i p i d Content i n Normal and P a t h o l o g i c a l Human Thyro i d 193
P. L a c c e t t i , D. G r i e c o , F. D'Antonio, A. Mariano, and V. Macchia
C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n of the Optimal T h y r o t r o p i n (TSH) Induced C y c l i c AMP Accumulation i n the Cloned Human Thyroid C e l l L ine (GEJ) 199
J . J . Remy, J . Salamero, and J . C h a r r e i r e
C l i n i c a l Experience w i t h a S e n s i t i v e Immunoradiometric Assay f o r Serum Th y r o t r o p i n (TSH): D i a g n o s t i c and Therapeutic I m p l i c a t i o n s for H y p e r t h y r o i d and Thyr o i d Cancer P a t i e n t s . . . 205
M.F. Bayer, J.P. K r i s s , and I.R. McDougall
A H i g h l y S e n s i t i v e , N o n - i s o t o p i c Assay f o r Human TSH wi t h Extended C l i n i c a l U t i l i t y 211
R.C. Doss, B.J. Green, C A . Spencer, and J.T. N i c o l o f f
Measurement of C i r c u l a t i n g T h y r o t r o p i n Concentrations by an Immunochemiluminometric Assay 215
P.J. Evans, I . Weeks, S. Woodhead, K. Jones, R. H a l l , and M.F. Scanion
E v a l u a t i o n of P a t i e n t s on Thyroxine ( T 4 ) Replacement w i t h a Highly S e n s i t i v e Commercial TSH Immunoradiometric Assay (TSH-IRMA) 221
J . Garces and C.P. Barsano
S t u d i e s of C a l m o d u l i n - l i k e P o r t i o n i n the TSH Receptor 225 T. Hachiya, Y. Nakajima, Y. Ura, M. I s h i d a , T. M i y a z a k i ,
and Y. Ochi
REGULATION, SECRETION, AND ACTION OF TSH, AND CONTROL OF THYROID FUNCTION
TSH Secretory R e g u l a t i o n : New Evidence that T r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( T 3 ) and Thyroxine ( T 4 ) Can I n h i b i t TRH S e c r e t i o n Both In Vivo and In V i t r o 233
T. I r i u c h i j i m a , D. Rogers, and J.F. Wilber
xxi i i
E f f e c t of TRH on 5 1 -deiodinases i n Rat P i t u i t a r y Glands 237 T. Shimizu, Y. Ozawa, and Y. S h i s h i b a
P e r i n a t a l P i t u i t a r y - t h y r o i d F u n c t i o n at High A l t i t u d e 243 A. V i l l e n a , E.A. P r e t e l l , E. Manucci, and E. Wong
Human F e t a l P r o l a c t i n but not TSH S e c r e t i o n i s A f f e c t e d by Dopaminergic S t i m u l i 249
E. R o t i , G. Robuschi, A. Gnudi, and L.E. Braverman
C h o l i n e r g i c Agents and I n h i b i t o r s of E x t r a c e l l u l a r Calcium I n f l u x Suppress the S e c r e t i o n of TSH by Human T h y r o t r o p i c Adenoma C e l l s Maintained i n Long-term C u l t u r e 255
H.G. F e i n , N.E. Butkus, and R.C. Sm a l l r i d g e
Comparison of a P i t u i t a r y TSH-secreting M i c r o - Versus Macroadenoma 259
N. Gesundheit, P.A. P e t r i c k , T. T a y l o r , E.H. O l d f i e l d , and B.D. Weintraub
D e f e c t i v e TSH Suppression i n a Case of Non-neoplastic I n a p p r o p r i a t e TSH S e c r e t i o n (ITSHS) 267
S. Benvenga, G.A. Sobbrio, F. V e r m i g l i o , S. Cannavo, A. Granata, G. Lombardi, and F. T r i m a r c h i
T h y r o t r o p i n S e c r e t i o n i n Thalassemic P a t i e n t s Düring Puberty and Postpuberty 271
M. Langer, P.P. Rovasio, A. Masala, S. Alagna, G.A. Cuccuru, P. Cossu, V. L o r i g a , G. Madeddu, and A. Stangoni
Thyroid F u n c t i o n and P r o l a c t i n S e c r e t i o n i n Women wi t h Menstrual D i s o r d e r s and/or I n f e r t i l i t y 277
H.G. Bohnet, K. Kato, and D. Niemann
a-adrenergic C o n t r o l of TSH S e c r e t i o n i n Man 281 N.R. Musso, A. Pende, M.L. M o n t a l d i , A. Morgano, M. Arzese,
and L. D e v i l l a
TSH and T h y r o i d a l Responses to Continuous and I n t e r m i t t e n t TRH A d m i n i s t r a t i o n 285
B. L. S h u l k i n , R.E. P r u i t t , and R.D. U t i g e r
Measurements of T h y r o t r o p i n - r e l e a s i n g Hormone (TR H ) - l i k e Immunoreactivity i n Human Blood i n Thyroid Diseases 291
L. Duntas, D. G r o u s e l l e , F.S. Keck, U. Loos, and E.F. P f e i f f e r
Immunoreactive TRH and TRH-OH i n Rat Hypophysial P o r t a l Blood . . . . 295 V. Guillaume, L. Ouakif, A. Dutour, E. Castanas,
and C. O l i v e r
Ontogeny of Human P a n c r e a t i c T h y r o t r o p i n - r e l e a s i n g Hormone 299 G. Bambini, E. M a r t i n o , S. Grasso, G. Pardo,
and F. Aghini-Lombardi
Dopamine and L-Dopa, P r e c u r s o r s of Norepinephrine: E f f e c t s on Thyroxine Release 303
M.L. Maayan, E.M. V o l p e r t , and R.V. S e l l i t t o
xxiv
Short-Term In V i t r o S t i m u l a t o r y E f f e c t of Glucagon on T4 S e c r e t i o n i n Rat and Human Thyroid 307
J.R. A t t a l i , P. V a l e n s i , D. D a r n i s , C. W e i s s e l b e r g , and J . Sebaoun
E f f e c t s of Phorbol E s t e r s on P r o t e i n P h o s p h o r y l a t i o n and Free T 3 Release by Mouse Thyroid Lobes 313
K. Haraguchi, T. Endo, and T. Onaya
Acute In V i t r o S t i m u l a t o r y E f f e c t of T h y r o t r o p i n R e l e a s i n g Hormone (TRH) on T 4 S e c r e t i o n i n Rat and Human Thyro i d . . . . 319
P. V a l e n s i , J.R. A t t a l i , D. D a r n i s , and J . Sebaoun
E f f e c t of Calmodulin I n h i b i t o r s on Thyroid Hormone S e c r e t i o n . . . . 325 A. Nakai, A. Nagasaka, H. Hidaka, T. Tanaka, T. Ohyama,
K. Iwase, S. Ohtani, T. Aono, R. Masunaga, H. Nakagawa, and K. Kataoka
Th y r o t r o p i c A c t i v i t y of A c i d I s o e l e c t r i c V a r i a n t s of Human Chor i o n i c Gonadotropin from T r o p h o b l a s t i c Tumors 331
K. Mann, N. Schneider, B. S a l i e r , and R. Hoermann
REGULATION OF THYROID GROWTH
E f f e c t s of Neuropeptides and TSH on T h y r o i d Blood Flow and Hormone S e c r e t i o n 335
G. A. Hedge, L. Huffman, and J.M. Connors
E f f e c t of P r o t e i n Kinase C A c t i v a t i o n on T h y r o i d C e l l Growth and Function 339
M.C. Eggo and L.K. Bachrach
C o n t r o l of P r o l i f e r a t i o n and D i f f e r e n t i a t i o n i n Primary Cul t u r e s of C a l f Thyroid C e l l s 345
CM. Gerard and P.P. Roger
Growth Factor Requirement of I s o l a t e d T h y r o i d F o l l i c l e s 351 P. Smith, D. Wynford-Thomas, and E.D. W i l l i a m s
P r o d u c t i o n of Both Types of I n s u l i n - L i k e Growth F a c t o r s by Primary C u l t u r e s of Ovine Thyroid C e l l s 353
W.W. Mak, B. Bhaumick, R.M. B a l a , J.E. Kudlow, and G.N. Burrow
The E f f e c t of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) on T h y r o i d Function i n the Sheep and i n I s o l a t e d Rat Hepatocytes 359
J.M. Corcoran, M.J. Waters, J . Marks, G. Jorgensen, K.V. Waite, and C.J. Eastman
FOLLICULAR CELLS CULTURE
Formation of I n t r a c y t o p l a s m i c M i c r o f o l l i c u l a r Lumina i n Dispersed Thyroid C e l l s 365
P. Neve, M. A u t h e l e t , and B. Rousset
D i f f e r e n t Calcium Requirements for Low Iodine D i e t (LID) Induced Developmental Growth of the Rat T h y r o i d : Evidence from In C u l t u r e Experiments 369
H. T r i a n t a p h y l l i d i s
xxv
E f f e c t s of the Chronic and Acute Treatments of P i g Thyroid C e l l s w i t h F o r s k o l i n on the C y c l i c AMP Accumulation, the P h o s p h o l i p i d Turnover, and I o d i n a t i o n 375
B. Haye, J.L. A u b l i n , S. Champion, B. Lambert, and C. Jacquerain
Regulatory Networks i n the Acute C o n t r o l of Thyroid Function . . . . 379 J . Mockel, J . Van Sande, C. Erneux, P. Cochaux,
and J.E. Dumont
S t i m u l a t i o n of Thyroid Adenylate Cyclase A c t i v i t y i n Sera of P a t i e n t s w i t h N o n t h y r o i d a l I l l n e s s 385
F. Kakezono, S. Yamashita, N. Yokoyama, S. M o r i t a , S. Okamoto, I . Morimoto, N. I k a r i , and M. Izumi
Hormonal R e g u l a t i o n of DNA Polymerase 3 A c t i v i t y i n Rat Thyroid Gland 391
T. Ohyama, A. Nagasaka, S. Yoshida, A. Nakai, K. Iwase, S. Ohtani, H. Nakagawa, R. Musunaga, S. Kato, and K. Kataoka
Norepinephrine and TSH S t i m u l a t i o n on Iodide E f f l u x i n FRTL-5 Thyroid C e l l s Involves M e t a b o l i t e s of Ara c h i d o n i c Acid and i s A s s o c i a t e d w i t h the I o d i n a t i o n of T h y r o g l o b u l i n . . . . 397
C. M a r c o c c i , A. L u i n i , P. Sant i s t e b a n , and E.F. Grollman
E f f e c t of TSH and T h y r o i d - s t i m u l a t i n g Antibody (TSAb) on the D e s e n s i t i z a t i o n of the Adenylate Cyclase A c t i v i t y i n FRTL-5 C e l l s 403
P. V i t t i , L. Chiovato, P. C e c c a r e l l i , M. Novaes J r . , C. Mammoli, P. Del Guerra, and G. F e n z i
R e g u l a t i o n of HLA-DR Gene Expression i n C u l t u r e d Human Thyroi d C e l l s : A Role f o r L e c t i n , Gamma I n t e r f e r o n , and C y c l o s p o r i n e 407
L.A. P i c c i n i n i , B.S. Schachter, and T.F. Davies
THYROID HORMONE STRUCTURE AND METABOLISM
Thy r o i d Hormone S t r u c t u r e - a c t i v i t y R e l a t i o n s h i p s : An Unusual Conformation f o r 3 , 5 , 3 1 - t r i i o d o t h y r o p r o p i o n i c A c i d 411
V. Cody
Chromatographie P r o p e r t i e s and Probable S t r u c t u r e of the Ur i n a r y Conjugate of an Ethane-1,2-diol Formed In Vivo from 3 , 5 , 3 ' - t r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( T 3 ) 417
J.T. Gordon, M.B. Dratman, and A.L. Yergey
E f f e c t s of d- P r o p r a n o l o l Treatment on Transport of Thyroid Hormones i n t o Tissue C e l l s 423
R. Docter, J.T.M. van der H e i j d e n , E.P. Krenning, and G. Hennemann
Impaired Release of Hepatic T r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( T 3 ) i n the D i a b e t i c Low T3 Syndrome 429
O.V.P. Denardin, R.M.B. M a c i e l , E. Menabo, E.M.K. Russo, and D.R. Borges
Metabolism of r T 3 by I s o l a t e d Rat Hepatocytes 433 S.J.E. Rooda, M.A.C. van Loon, and T.J. V i s s e r
xxvi
Thyroid Hormone Metabolism i n Kidney E p i t h e l i a l C e l l s i n Continuous C u l t u r e 437
J.L. Leonard
E x t r a t h y r o i d a l Conversion of Thyroxine to 3 , 5 , 3 ' -t r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e i n Rats Undergoing Acute I m m o b i l i z a t i o n S t r e s s 443
A.C. Bianco, M.T. Nunes, R.M.B. M a c i e l , and N.S. H e l l
E f f e c t of Cadmium on T h y r o i d Hormone Metabolism 449 K. Yoshida, M. S u z u k i , T. Sakurada, H. Fukazawa, S. S a i t o ,
K. Yoshinaga, A. Nakano, N. S u g i h i r a , and H. S a i t o
P r e f e r e n t i a l Metabolism of T4 to r T 3 ( T 3 Reverse) i n Hyperthyroxinemia Induced by L- t h y r o x i n e ( L - T 4 ) T r e a t ment of Hypothyroidism i n C h i l d r e n and Adolescents 455
S. Iorcansky and M.A. R i v a r o l a
NADPH with C y t o s o l S t i m u l a t e s D e i o d i n a t i o n by Detergent-s o l u b i l i z e d H epatic Microsomes: Evidence f o r NADPH-dependent C y t o s o l i c Non-glutathione Reductase System 461
K. Sawada, B.C.W. Hummel, and P.G. W a l f i s h
The I o n i c Microscope Enables the V i s u a l i z a t i o n of Stable Iodine w i t h i n F o l l i c l e s of the Human Th y r o i d Gland 4 6 5
P. Fragu and E. Larras-Regard
Endocytosis of O r g a n i f i e d Iodine i n the Endostyle of the Amphioxus 4 7 1
L.E. E r i c s o n , G. F r e d r i k s s o n , and T. Ofverholm
THYROID HORMONE TRANSPORT
Human Hepatoma (HEP G2) C e l l s Secrete a Novel T 4 ~ b i n d i n g P r o t e i n (27 K P r o t e i n ) 477
L. B a r t a l e n a , S. G r i m a l d i , and J . Robbins
P a r t i a l P u r i f i c a t i o n of Rat Serum Thy r o x i n e - b i n d i n g G l o b u l i n . . . . 481 M. Nanno, R. Ohtsuka, N. K i k u c h i , Y. Ok i , S. Ohgo,
H. Kurahachi, T. Yoshimi, and S. Hamada
Thy r o i d Function Tests i n Subjects w i t h a Genetic I s o e l e c t r i c Focusing V a r i a n t TBG 4 8 5
J . Takamatsu, M. Ando, D. Sarne, and S. R e f e t o f f
E f f e c t of Long-chain F a t t y Acids on the B i n d i n g of T4 and T3 to Human T h y r o x i n e - b i n d i n g G l o b u l i n (TBG) 491
M. Tabachnick and L. Korcek
An Unusual Type of F a m i l i a l Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia i n a Japanese Fa m i l y 4 9 5
0. I s o z a k i , N. Okada, T. Tsushima, M. S a j i , K. K i t a h a r a , Y. Fukuyama, K. Shizume, Y. S h i s h i b a , and T. Tanaka
P e r i p h e r a l Metabolism o f Thyro i d Hormones i n Co n g e n i t a l Thyroid Hormone Transport A b n o r m a l i t i e s : F a m i l i a l Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia and TBG Increase 499
R. B i a n c h i , G. I e r v a s i , A. P i l o , N. Molea, M. F e r d e g h i n i , F. Cazzuola, and G. G i r a u d i
xxvii
Free T 4 Index R e s u l t s are N o n - s p e c i f i c i n P a t i e n t s with Hypothyroxinemia 505
J.C. Nelson, R.T. Tomei, and M.R. Pandian
Measurement of "Free Thyroxine" i n D r i e d Blood Samples on F i l t e r Paper by Radio- and Enzyme-immunoassay for M o n i t o r i n g Thyroid F u n c t i o n . . 509
K. M i y a i , N. Hata, H. M i z u t a , Y. Endo, M. I t o , and 0. Nose
E f f e c t of D i l u t i o n on F T 3 and F T 4 C o n c e n t r a t i o n i n Serum C o n t a i n i n g Substances that I n t e r a c t w i t h Thyroid Hormone-binding P r o t e i n s 513
N. Boye, H. Orskov, and J . Weeke
Evidence for Dual P e r i p h e r a l 5'deiodinases (5'D) Regulating C i r c u l a t i n g T 3 L e v e l s i n Man 519
A. N i m a l a s u r i y a , S. L i n , J . L o P r e s t i , A.O. Marcus, C A . Spencer, and J.T. N i c o l o f f
Evidence f o r P e r i p h e r a l A u t o r e g u l a t i o n of Thyroxine Conversion 525
F.S. Keck, U. Loos, L. Duntas, S. Wieshammer, and E.F. P f e i f f e r
S i t e s of T4 to T 3 Conversion i n the Rat 531 J . van Doorn, D. van der Heide, and F. Roelfsema
E v a l u a t i o n of O l e i c A c i d , A r a c h i d o n i c A c i d , and Various Drugs as Competitors f o r Serum Bi n d i n g of Thyroxine 537
J.R. S t o c k i g t , C F . Lim, Y. B a i , K.N. Wynne, and D.J. T o p l i s s
A l t e r a t i o n s i n Thyroid F u n c t i o n Parameters F o l l o w i n g A d m i n i s t r a t i o n of F a t t y Acids 543
I . J . Chopra, T.S. Huang, D.H. Solomon, and G.N.C. Teco
A New Form of X-chromosome Linked TBG Abnormality w i t h no Demonstrable T 4 ~ b i n d i n g A c t i v i t y 549
Y. Murata, J . Takamatsu, and S. R e f e t o f f
Normal C e l l u l a r Uptake of Thyroxine ( T 4 ) from Serum of P a t i e n t s w i t h F a m i l i a l Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) or E l e v a t e d T h y r o x i n e - b i n d i n g G l o b u l i n (TBG): T4 Bound t o Albumin i s not P r e f e r e n t i a l l y T r a n s f e r r e d to Tissue 551
D. H. Sarne and M. Weinberg
C a r r i e r - m e d i a t e d Transport of Thyroid Hormone (TH) i n t o Rat Hepatocytes i s Rate L i m i t i n g i n T o t a l C e l l u l a r Uptake and Metabolism 553
E. P. Krenning, R. Docter, M. Polhuys, B.F. Bernard, T.J. V i s s e r , J.A. Mol, and G. Hennemann
Enhanced Rate o f C e l l u l a r Uptake of Thyroxine ( T 4 ) from Sera o f Subjects w i t h F a m i l i a l Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) 557
B. N. Premachandra, I.K. W i l l i a m s , B.C. N i s u l a , and J . Wortsman
xxviii
E l e v a t i o n of Sex Hormone B i n d i n g G l o b u l i n (SHBG) L e v e l s i n Some Sera w i t h I n h e r i t e d Increase i n Thyroxine B i n d i n g G l o b u l i n (TBG) 563
J. Wortsman, I.K. W i l l i a m s , B.C. N i s u l a , W. Rosner, and B.N. Premachandra
INTRATHYROIDAL METABOLISM
I d e n t i f i c a t i o n and R e g u l a t i o n of Thyroperoxidase: Use of S p e c i f i c Antiserum 569
M.A.C. P r a t t - C a r l i n , M.C. Eggo, and G.N. Burrow
I r r e v e r s i b l e I n a c t i v a t i o n of Lactoperoxidase by Excess Hydrogen Peroxide I n v o l v i n g Cleavage of the C a t a l y t i c Herne Moiety 575
H. K o h l e r , M. Huwiler, and H. Jenzer
Residual Capacity f o r Iodide O r g a n i f i c a t i o n i n Human Thyroid S l i c e s Provoked by Hydrogen Peroxide 581
T. Nakashima, S. Noguchi, K. Okamura, A. Shir o o z u , K. Sato, H. Ikenoue, and M. F u j i s h i m a
T3 and rTß Generation from Exogenous and Endogenous T4 i n Perfused Dog Thyroids 587
P. Laurberg and H. Orskov
E f f e c t s of S y n t h e t i c I o d o l i p i d s on Thyroid F u n c t i o n "In V i t r o " : P o s s i b l e Role i n Thyr o i d R e g u l a t i o n 591
M.A. P i s a r e v , G.D. Chazenbalk, L. Krawiec, R.M. V a l s e c c h i , P.B. G r a w i t z , G.J. J u v e n a l , and G. Burton
Formation of D i i o d o t y r o s i n e (DIT) by E t h e r - l i n k Cleavage of T4 i n Rat L i v e r Homogenate as Measured by DIT Radio-immunoassay 595
H. Meinhold and J . Schwander
Is Iodide Required f o r P e r o x i d a s e - c a t a l y z e d Coupling i n Thy r o g l o b u l i n ? 601
L. Lamas
I n h i b i t i o n of Th y r o i d Peroxidase (TPO) and Lactoperoxidase (LPO) by G o i t r i n and R i c i n i n e 607
N.M. Alexander and N. Zenker
S e l e c t i v e I n h i b i t i o n by Monoaraine Oxidase (MAO) I n h i b i t o r s of the I o d o t y r o s i n e Formation Induced by MAO Substrates i n Bovine T h y r o i d Tissue 613
A.M. M a s i n i - R e p i s o , A.M. C a b a n i l l a s , and M.C. Andrada
Thyroid F u n c t i o n i n F a s t i n g Rats 619 T. J o l i n and L. Lamas
I n s u l i n D e f i c i e n c y Impairs Thyroid Peroxidase A c t i v i t y : A Study i n Experimental Diabetes M e l l i t u s 627
E.G. Moura, C.C. Pazos, and D. Rosenthal
xxix
THYROID HORMONE ACTION
On the Mechanism of I r r e v e r s i b l e B r a i n Damage Caused by P e r i n a t a l T h y r o i d Hormone D e f i c i e n c y 631
F.L. C r u t c h f i e l d , M.B. Dratman, J . Greenberg, A.S. Jennings, and L. Van Middlesworth
R e g u l a t i o n of 19,000 Mr S o l u b l e P r o t e i n and High M o b i l i t y Group P r o t e i n (HMG 14) Ph o s p h o r y l a t i o n by T r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( T 3 ) i n Primary A s t r o c y t i c C u l t u r e s 637
J.M. Gavaret, M. Luo, and R. Faure
R e g u l a t i o n by n-Butyrate of Thyroid Hormone Receptor L e v e l s i n C u l t u r e d C e l l s of G l i a l O r i g i n 641
J . O r t i z - C a r o , F. M o n t i e l , A. P a s c u a l , and A. Aranda
I n h i b i t o r y E f f e c t of Thyroid Hormone on P r o t e i n Synthesis by F e t a l Rat Neurons i n Primary C u l t u r e 647
F. Sanchez-Franco, M.T. de los F r a i l e s , and L. Cacicedo
E f f e c t s of T3 and Dexamethasone on P r o l i f e r a t i o n and Enzyme A c t i v i t i e s of G l i a l C e l l s i n C u l t u r e 651
F. M o n t i e l , L.L. S a r l i e v e , A. P a s c u a l , and A. Aranda
H e a l i n g E f f e c t s of Iodine and Thyroid Hormone on Experimental R i c k e t s 655
M. Shimazaki, H. Masuda, H. Kuwahara, and T. Umano
Thyr o i d Hormone S t i m u l a t e s Red Blood C e l l Ca + +-dependent ATPase A c t i v i t y Through a "Non-Hormonal" E f f e c t 661
G. Costante, G. Sand, D. Connart, and D. G l i n o e r
I n d u c t i o n of Metamorphosis and Thyroid F u n c t i o n i n the L a r v a l Lamprey 667
S. Suzuki
D i f f e r e n t i a l E f f e c t of Hypothyroidism on the D e n d r i t i c D e n s i t y of Pyramidal Neurons of the Ce r e b r a l Cortex 671
A. Ruiz-Marcos and S.L. I p i n a
P r o s t a c y c l i n ( P G I 2 ) P r o d u c t i o n i n H y p e r t h y r o i d Rats and P a t i e n t s w i t h Graves 1 Disease 677
T. Noguchi, Y. Kazama, Y. Kanemaru, and T. Onaya
R e g u l a t i o n of Rat L i v e r G l y c e r o p h o s p h o l i p i d F a t t y A c i d Composition i n Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism 681
F.H. Faas, A.Q. Dang, and W.J. Car t e r
E f f e c t of Thyroxine Replacement Therapy on Serum T h y r o t r o p i n 685
K. Banovac and S. Shaheb
Thyroxine-induced M o l t i n g and Gonadal Functions of L a y i n g Hens 689
K. Sekimoto, K. Imai, M. Suzuki, H. Taki kawa, and N. Hoshino
Glucagon Causes Disappearance of a T 3 and Carbohydrate-i n d u c i b l e Rat Hepatic mRNA (mRNAg^) : Unexpected C i r c a d i a n Dependency of Response 693
W.B. Kin l a w , H.C. Towle, T.Y. Tao, D.B. Jump, H.L. Schwartz, C.N. Mariash, and J.H. Oppenheimer
xxx
Supppression of T r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e - i n d u c e d Growth Hormone Gene E x p r e s s i o n by I n s u l i n - l i k e Growth F a c t o r - I i n Thyroidectomized Rat P i t u i t a r y C e l l s 697
S. Yamashita and S. Melmed
Hyppothyroidism I n h i b i t s the Rapid Response of mRNA-S]^ to Carbohydrate Feeding 701
C N . Mariash, S. S e e l i g , H.L. Schwartz, D.B. Jump, and J.H. Oppenheimer
Thnyroid Hormone S t i m u l a t e s A l k a l i n e Phosphatase A c t i v i t y i n Cul t u r e d O s t e o b l a s t i c C e l l s w i t h T3 Nuclear Receptors 705
K. Sato, D.C. Han, Y. F u j i i , and K. Shizume
Stcudies on the E f f e c t s of Thyroid Hormones and t h e i r M e t a b o l i t e s on Human Red C e l l A c e t y l c h o l i n e Esterase 709
A. Tomada, T. Hashimoto, F. Matsubara, K. Tanishima, and Y. Yoneyama
THYROID HORMONE RECEPTORS
Evvidence f o r Nucl e a r T 3 Receptors i n Neonatal C e r e b r a l A s t r o c y t e s 713
C.C. C a l l e g a r i , R.H. T a r r i s , S. Cheung, M.E. Weichsel J r . , and D.A. F i s h e r
D i i r e c t T hyroid Hormone S t i m u l a t i o n of M i t o c h o n d r i a l O x i d a t i v e P h o s p h o r y l a t i o n : The Role of Adenine N u c l e o t i d e T r a n s l o c a s e (AdNT) 717
K. S t e r l i n g
Innduction of L i v e r M i t o c h o n d r i a l a-Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase (a-GPD) by G l u c o c o r t i c o i d D e f i c i t : Role of the Nuclear T 3 ~ r e c e p t o r (nT 3-R) 721
A.R. Recupero, A.H. C o l e o n i , 0. C h e r u b i n i , and A. Oviedo
Onntogeny of Nuclear T3 Receptor i n Primary C u l t u r e d A s t r o c y t e s 727
M. Luo, R. Faure, and J.H. Dussault
P u u r i f i c a t i o n and C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n of T 3 - r e c e p t o r from Beef L i v e r Plasma Membrane 731
R. H o r i u c h i , K. Yamauchi, S. Koya, and H. Takikawa
E f f f e c t of the Th y r o i d Status on the P r o p e r t i e s of the 3-receptors of Adipocytes as Related to L i p o l y s i s 737
D. Caucheteux and P. De Nayer
Reeceptor I n d u c t i o n by Thyroid Hormones i n Tadpole E r y t h r o c y t e s In Vivo and In V i t r o 741
C R . Thomas, J . Drake, and E. Frieden
P u u t a t i v e Nuclear T r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e Receptors i n Tadpole L i v e r Düring Metamorphic Climax 745
V.A. Galton and D. St. Germain
A e x t i v i t y of T 3 ~ r e s p o n s i v e a-Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase (a-GPD) and the C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of Nuclear T 3 ~ b i n d i n g i n the Male and Female Rat 751
A.H. C o l e o n i , A.R. Recupero, 0. C h e r u b i n i , and A. Oviedo
xx xi
Role of T 4 i n the Modulation of P i t u i t a r y T 3 Nuclear Receptors ( T 3 n R ) i n Hypothyroid Rats 755
T. Lemarchand-Beraud, K. Von Overbeck, and A. Donda
Human Nuclear Thyroid Hormone Receptors 759 K. Ichikawa and L . J . DeGroot
Ontogeny of Thyroid Düring Embryogenesis: Evidence of Two Thyrox ine B i n d i n g S i t e s 763
D. B e l l a b a r b a , S. B e l i s l e , N. G a l l o - P a y e t , and J.G. Lehoux
TISSUE DEIODINATION OF THYROID HORMONE
I n s u l i n , Glucose, and Glucagon are P o t e n t i a l Modulators of Thyroid Hormone A c t i o n through Brown Adipose Tissue 5'-deiodinase i n Rats 767
J.E. S i l v a and P.R. Larsen
E f f e c t of Thyroid Hormones, Food D e p r i v a t i o n , and Cold Exposure on Thyr o i d T 4 Outer Ring Monodeiodinating A c t i v i t y (5'MDl) i n Mice 773
S.Y. Wu
3 , 3 5 1 - t r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( ^ 3 ) I n h i b i t s I o d o t h y r o n i n e -5 1 - d e i o d i n a t i n g A c t i v i t y Induced by Equimolar Concentration of 3 , 5 , 3 ' - t r i i o d o t h y r o n i n e ( T 3 ) i n Cul t u r e d F e t a l L i v e r of Mouse 779
D.C. Han, K. Sato, Y. F u j i i , T. Tsushima, and K. Shizume
Design of A c t i v e S i t e - d i r e c t e d Iodothyronine Deiodinase Ligands Using TBPA as a Binding S i t e Model 783
J . K o ehrle, M. Auf'mkolk, M. Spanka, V. Cody, and R.D. Hesch
Generated Dihydrolipoamide and C y t o s o l i c Components Stimulate Hepatic Microsomal Thyroxine 5 1 - d e i o d i n a t i o n : S i m i l a r E f f e c t s of C y t o s o l i c Components on Other S u l f h y d r y l Compounds 789
K. Sawada, B.C.W. Hummel, and P.G. W a l f i s h
C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of T 4 Inner Ring Deiodinase i n the L i v e r , Kidney, and C e r e b r a l Cortex of Rat: Two Kinds of Isoenzymes 793
Y. Ozawa, Y. S h i s h i b a , and I . Kinami
I n h i b i t i o n of T 4 5 1 - d e i o d i n a s e i n Human P l a c e n t a l C e l l s by Cyclic-AMP, B u t y r a t e , and Calcium 799
J.T. H i d a l and M.M. Kaplan
x x x i i
METABOLIC ALTERATIONS AND THYROID VOLUME IN IODINE DEFICIENCY
R. Gutekunst, H. Sraolarek, and P.C. S c r i b a
M e d i c a l U n i v e r s i t y Luebeck, FRG
As shown i n an e a r l i e r study of a d u l t s , p a l p a t i o n i s of l i m i t e d value f o r e p i d e m i o l o g i c a l g o i t e r s t u d i e s ( s e n s i t i v i t y 91%, s p e c i f i c i t y 63.5%) ( 1 ) . P a l p a t i o n i s even l e s s r e l i a b l e i n younger s u b j e c t s , when compared to Sonographie volumetry ( F i g s . 1 and 2). Therefore, sonography was a p p l i e d f o r an e p i d e m i o l o g i c a l study ( 2 ) .
Age - Volume - Goiter Stage 9
o*
i
2 2 -
ume
21 " 3
2 0 -
19"
18"
1 7 -
1 6 "
15"
H -
1 3 -
1 2-
11 ~
1 0 -
9 -
8 ~
7 -
5- -r
L -
3 -
2 -
1 -
Ö
Range x (Mean)
ox (Median)
jiO.8 J 2 7 8
11 3 19 12 2 7U 12 3 17 9 U 19 U 3 38 11 11 16 13 6 3 9 7 10 9 2 2 5 13 6 2 1 4 n £ = 320
0 'la 0 1 la' Ib 0
1 Ia' Ib 0 1 Ia1 Ib 0 ' Ia1 Ib 0
1 Ia' Ib 0 1 Io1 Ib 0 ' Ia ' Ib 0 ' Ia ' Ib' n 0 'Ia'Ib 0
1 la' Ib Stages
6y. 7y. 8y. 9y- 10y. 11 y. i2y. 13 y. Hy. 15 y. 16 y. Age
F i g . 1. S o n o g r a p h i c a l l y determined t h y r o i d volume as compared w i t h respec-t i v e p a l p a t o r y g o i t e r stages f o r g i r l s 6-16 years o l d .
9 8 5
4*
4i 21
20
19
18 -
17
16
15
U -
13 -
12 -
11
10
9
8
7
6
5 -
4
3 H 2
1
Age - Volume - Goiter Stage S
Range JT Ä { M e a n )
<> Sc (Median)
S 3 0 > 29 5 2i2
11 3 U 6 21 11 18 i 1 18 7 1 29 13 11 16 12 3 16 8 3 18 U 6 9 9 2 1 9 3 n £ = 299
0 'Ia 0 1 Ia 0
1 lo 0 1 Ia 1 Ib 0 'la'lb 0 ' Ia ' Ib 0
1 la 1 lb 0 1 la ' Ib 0
1 Ia ' lb 0 ' la' Ib' H 0 ' la ' ib' Stages
6y. 7y- 8y 9y. 10y. 11 y. 12y 13y. Hy. 15y. 16 y. Age
F i g . 2. Son o g r a p h i c a l l y determined t h y r o i d volume as compared w i t h respec-t i v e p a l p a t o r y g o i t e r stages f o r boys 6-16 years o l d .
Thy r o i d volume of 2,224 school c h i l d r e n 13 years of age from 23 German towns and 1,375 a d u l t s from seven German towns was est i m a t e d . In a d d i t i o n , 224 s c h o o l c h i l d r e n and 303 a d u l t s were s t u d i e d i n Stockholm. Morning u r i n e saraples f o r e s t i m a t i o n of i o d i n e e x c r e t i o n and ser a f o r d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f serum TG and serum TSH were c o l l e c t e d from a d u l t s .
Swedish c h i l d r e n have a t h y r o i d volume of 4.1 +_ 1.65 ml i n boys (raean +_ SD), ränge 1.9 - 9.4 ml, and 4.3 +_ 1.72 ml i n g i r l s , ränge 1.4 - 11.5 ml. German c h i l d r e n show s i g n i f i c a n t l y l a r g e r volume (p<0.0001) wit h marked l o c a l d i f f e r e n c e s ( F i g . 3 ) : boys 8.5 _+ 4.7 ml, ränge 1.1 - 40.7 ml; g i r l s 10.1 _+ 5.7 ml, ränge 1.4 - 47.7 ml.
Among Swedish a d u l t s , women have a t h y r o i d volume of 7.7 _+ 4.3 ml (mean +_ SD) , ränge 2.5 - 34.0 ml, median 6.9 ml, and men 11.1 +_ 4.7 ml, ränge 3.3 - 27.4 ml. German a d u l t s , again, show s i g n i f i c a n t l y (p<0.001) l a r g e r volume: women 16.5 +_ 12.2 ml, median 13.3 ml, ränge 2.6 - 124.1 ml; men 26.9 17.0 ml, median 23.1 ml, ränge 3.8 - 105 ml.
Swedish u r i n a r y i o d i n e e x c r e t i o n (ug i o d i n e / g C r e a t i n i n e ) was 170.2 +̂ 93.3, median 141.4, ränge 61.6 - 656. German u r i n a r y i o d i n e e x c r e t i o n was s i g n i f i c a n t l y (p<0.0001) lower: 83.7 +_ 94.4, median 62.6, ränge 0.1 - 1063.
Thi r t y - o n e German samples were i o d i n e contaminated, i . e . , > 1064. Serum TSH (yg/ml) l e v e l s measured by a h y p e r s e n s i t i v e immunoassay f o r Swedi s h a d u l t s were 1.49 +_ 0.82, median 1.55, ränge 0.08 - 3.98. German ad u l t s had s i g n i f i c a n t l y (p<0.001) lower TSH l e v e l s : 0.97 0.52, median 0.9, ränge 0.02 - 2.82. TG serum l e v e l s f o r Swedish a d u l t s were 23.6 17.4, median 21.1, ränge 15.0 - 86.0. German a d u l t s showed much h i g h e r (p<0.0001) TG l e v e l s : 72.6 +_ 50.6, median 43.0, ränge 1.6 - 234.7.
986
7,5/9,1 0
12,5/14,5'
SWEDEN 4.1/4.3 10,1/11,6
9,9/12,3
8,3/10,4
7,7/8,8 •
• 7,7/9,7
7,7/9,8 6,6^,8
• 6,4/6,8 7,5/9,0
6,5/8,2 5,9/7,2
11,3/13,1
10,7/12,6
-79,0
-/12,6
F i g . 3. Thyroid volume (ml; male/female) of 13 year o l d c h i l d r e n (Germany/Sweden; p<0.0001).
C0NCLUSI0NS
1) Thyroid p a l p a t i o n i s of l i m i t e d value f o r e p i d e m i o l o g i c a l g o i t e r s t u d i e s , e s p e c i a l l y i n c h i l d r e n . A new d e f i n i t i o n of g o i t e r i s necessary.
2) Our r e s u l t s i n d i c a t e again the g o i t r o g e n i c and metabolic e f f e c t s of iodine d e f i c i e n c y .
REFERENCES
1. Gutekunst R, et a l . Dtsch Med Wschr 108: 1985, 1983. 2. Brunn J , et a l . Dtsch Med Wschr 106: 1338, 1981.
987