MESOZOICMESOZOIC

Trilobites, ammonites and many other species Trilobites, ammonites and many other species go extinctgo extinct

Dinosaurs now dominate- land, air, seaDinosaurs now dominate- land, air, sea Drier climateDrier climate

TRIASSICTRIASSIC248 mya248 mya

Beginning of small Beginning of small dinosaursdinosaurs

Primitive mammalsPrimitive mammals All of N. America is All of N. America is

above sea levelabove sea level PangaeaPangaea

JURASSICJURASSIC206 mya206 mya

Dinosaurs continue to Dinosaurs continue to dominatedominate ApatasaurusApatasaurus BrachiosaurusBrachiosaurus stegosaurusstegosaurus

Reaching larger sizesReaching larger sizes First birdsFirst birds

Pangaea starts to splitPangaea starts to split

Apatosaurus- goof by US postal Apatosaurus- goof by US postal serviceservice

ARCHAEOPTERYXARCHAEOPTERYX

CRETACEOUSCRETACEOUS144-65 mya144-65 mya

Intelligent dinosaurs (T-Intelligent dinosaurs (T-rex, raptors)rex, raptors)

First flowering plantsFirst flowering plants Carnivorous mammalsCarnivorous mammals

Pangaea splits upPangaea splits up Rockies formRockies form

TT--REXREX SUE SUE The most famous dinosaur ever!The most famous dinosaur ever!

First glimpse, with discoverer First glimpse, with discoverer Sue HendricksonSue Hendrickson

August, 1990August, 1990

All volunteers furiously dig Sue All volunteers furiously dig Sue outout

Every bone is incased in plasterEvery bone is incased in plaster

Finished SkullFinished Skull

Artist renditionArtist rendition

Other bones were found with SueOther bones were found with Sue

Forearm; only two ever found Forearm; only two ever found from a T-Rexfrom a T-Rex

                                     

Sue’s wishboneSue’s wishbonefirst one ever found in a T-Rexfirst one ever found in a T-Rex

Bones are seizedBones are seizedMay14, 1992May14, 1992

On display at the Chicago Field On display at the Chicago Field MuseumMuseum

May 17, 2000May 17, 2000

Only bones not found, seen in Only bones not found, seen in blackblack

Working paleontologist at the Working paleontologist at the McDonalds Lab in the Field McDonalds Lab in the Field

MuseumMuseum

DINOSAUR DINOSAUR EXTINCTIONEXTINCTION

K/T BoundaryK/T Boundary

Cretaceous/TertiaryCretaceous/Tertiary 65 mya65 mya Separates Mesozoic Separates Mesozoic

from Cenozoicfrom Cenozoic

What happened?What happened?

Warm tempsWarm temps 65% of species went 65% of species went

extinct (most sea life)extinct (most sea life) AmmonitesAmmonites foraminiferaforaminifera Most spongesMost sponges Marine reptilesMarine reptiles

On land nothing more On land nothing more than 25kg survivedthan 25kg survived

victimsvictims

SurvivorsSurvivors

LIZARDS, SNAKES, LIZARDS, SNAKES, CROCODILES, CROCODILES, TURTLES, TURTLES, MAMMALS, FROGS, MAMMALS, FROGS, SALAMANDERS SALAMANDERS

ASTEROID THEORYASTEROID THEORY

Asteroid caused climate Asteroid caused climate changechange

11stst- dust blocked out sun- dust blocked out sun 22ndnd- trapped in heat- trapped in heat

EvidenceEvidence

IridiumIridium Found plentifully in Found plentifully in

space rocksspace rocks

EvidenceEvidence

Shocked quartzShocked quartz Caused by impactCaused by impact

EvidenceEvidence

CraterCrater Asteroid 10 km wideAsteroid 10 km wide Left 100km craterLeft 100km crater

CENOZOICCENOZOIC65 mya-present65 mya-present

Mammals now Mammals now dominate- dominate- able to fill in niche left able to fill in niche left

by dinosaursby dinosaurs EpochsEpochs

Further subdivided Further subdivided periodsperiods

North AmericaNorth America

EastEast Marine sedimentationMarine sedimentation

WestWest Uplift created gorgesUplift created gorges

Grand CanyonGrand Canyon VolcanismVolcanism Sierra Nevadas createdSierra Nevadas created

Tertiary rocksTertiary rocks

TertiaryTertiary

TertiaryTertiary65 mya-2mya65 mya-2mya

Flowering plants (angiosperms)Flowering plants (angiosperms) Mammals diversifyMammals diversify

Size begins to increaseSize begins to increase Brain capacity increasesBrain capacity increases Specialization of teethSpecialization of teeth Specialization of limbsSpecialization of limbs

Birds evolveBirds evolve

Late PlioceneLate Pliocene

QUATERNARYQUATERNARY2mya- present2mya- present

Beginning of ice agesBeginning of ice ages Caused extinction of Caused extinction of

many large mammals + many large mammals + were hunted by were hunted by

Homo Sapiens and Homo Sapiens and NeanderthalsNeanderthals

Great Lakes formedGreat Lakes formed

Quaternary ice sheetsQuaternary ice sheets

MammothsMammoths

Curved tuskCurved tusk Related to modern elephantRelated to modern elephant

Mammoth fossilsMammoth fossils

MastodonsMastodons

Straight tuskStraight tusk MI’s state fossilMI’s state fossil

LucyLUCYLUCY

Oldest HominoidOldest Hominoid

Up right walking beingUp right walking being 7 million years old7 million years old

LucyLucy

3.5 my3.5 my Bipedal hominoidBipedal hominoid Oldest humans?Oldest humans?

ArdiArdiArdipithecus ramidusArdipithecus ramidus

4.4 my4.4 my Found Oct. 2009Found Oct. 2009 EthiopiaEthiopia

resourcesresources

http://universe-review.ca/R10-19-animals.htm