Mesopotamia & Ancient EgyptMr. O

Objective

Students will have a better understanding

of ancient Mesopotamian and Egyptian

cultures to include their contributions to

“civilization” as we know it today.

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia

Garden of Eden

Garden of Eden

Mesopotamia

c. 3500 BCE – cities grow across

Mesopotamia

*c. 3500 BCE – cuneiform – wedge-

shaped writing (believed to be the

first form of writing)

c. 3200 BCE – pictographs used to

record information

c. 2700 BCE – Gilgamesh – may

have been story of King of Uruk

Mesopotamia

c. 2100 BCE – Ur becomes capital city of

Mesopotamia

Ziggurats (multi-story buildings) are built

c. 2000 BCE – Ur destroyed by Elamites and

Amorites

c. 1800 BCE – Hammurabi – unites much of

Mesopotamia

Code of Hammurabi – an eye for an eye

c. 1650 BCE – Hittites raid Babylon

c. 1300 BCE – Assyrians conquer much of

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia

c. 1000 BCE – Assyrians reconquer

Mesopotamia

c. 650 BCE – Chaldeans destroy Babylon

c. 600 BCE - Babylon rebuilt by

Nebuchadnezzar II (Chaldean Leader)

Hanging Gardens of Babylon built by

Nebuchadnezzar II

c. 600 CE – Arab armies conquer

Mesopotamia; becomes part of the

Islamic Empire

1258 CE – Mongols conquer Baghdad

1534 – Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – rules

over Mesopotamia

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt

c. 5000 BCE – first farming in the Nile Valley

c. 3500-3000 BCE – Pre-dynastic period leads

to unification

c. 2580-2560 BCE – The Great Pyramid of

Giza built

2047 BCE – The Middle Kingdom begins with a

united & powerful Egypt

1539 BCE – Reunification after Hyksos

expelled, making Egypt leading power in

Middle East

Ancient Egypt

1332-1323 BCE – King Tutankhamen (Tut) reigns

Father and mother were brother and sister

Tut married his half-sister

1279-1213 BCE – Ramses II reigns and brings Egypt

to height of power

c. 1150 BCE– Egypt declines

728 BCE –Egypt conquered by Nubians

656 BCE – Egypt occupied by Assyrians

332 BCE – Egypt conquered by Alexander the

Great

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt

30 BCE – Cleopatra, the last queen of

Independent Egypt, commits suicide

30 BCE – Romans conquer Egypt

Roman Empire

750 BCE – first Etruscan inscriptions

early alphabet

735 BCE – Roma (Rome) founded by Romulus

509 BCE – Tarquinius Superbus (last king)

expelled

Roma becomes a republic

450 BCE – Twelve Tables of Roman Law re-

enacted

341 BCE – Rome conquers Campania

Roman Empire

338 BCE – Rome annexes the Latin League

312 BCE – Via Appia (first aqueduct) built

295 BCE – Roma defeats the Samnites at

Sentinum & Gauls/Celts in N. Italy

264 BCE – Romans destroy Etruscan

civilization & first Gladiator games

216 BCE – Hannibal defeats Romans at

Cannae

207 BCE – Romans defeat Hannibal at

Metaurus river

Roman Empire

202 BCE – Roman annexes Spain

171 BCE Perseus attacks Roma (Third Macedonian War begins)

168 BCE – Roma defeats Perseus at Pydna

146 BCE – Macedonia becomes a Roman Province

64 BCE – Syria becomes Roman province

63 BCE – Rome captures Jerusalem & Palestine

57 BCE – Caesar conquers all of Gaul (France)

Roman Empire

48 BCE – Caesar becomes Roman

dictator

44 BCE Caesar is assassinated

9 – Gothic warriors destroy Roman army

at Teutoburg Forest

14 – appx. five million people in Roman

empire

43 – Claudius invades Britannia

58 – Romans conquer Armenia (Western

Turkey)

Roman Empire

77 – Romans conquer Wales

(Britain)

79 – Colosseum completed

80 – Romans invade Caledonia

(Scotland)

115 – 117 – Roman Empire

reaches greatest extent