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Nama : Muhammad shidqi frdaus

Mendut is a ninth-century Buddhist temple, located in Mendut village, Mungkid sub-

district, Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The temple is located about three

kilometres east rom Borobudur. Mendut, Borobudur and !a"on, all o "hich are Buddhist

temples, are located in one straight line. There is a mutual religious relationship bet"een thethree temples, although the e#act ritual process is unkno"n.

History

The ruins o Mendut temple beore restoration, $%%&.Built around early ninth century'(, Mendut is the oldest o the three temples including !a"on and Borobudur. The

)arangtengah inscription, the temple "as built and inished during the reign o )ing Indra o

*ailendra dynasty. The inscription dated %+ '( mentioned that )ing Indra o *ailendra hasbuilt a sacred building named enuvana "hich means bamboo orest. (utch archaeologist J/

de Casparis has connected the temple mentioned in )arangtengah inscription "ith Mendut

temple.

In $%01 it "as discovered as a ruins covered "ith bushes. The restoration o this temple

"as started in $%23 and "as inished in $2+4. *ome archaeologists "ho had conducted researchon this temple "ere J/ de Casparis, Theodoor van 5rp, and 'risatya 6ogas"ara.

Architecture

The statue o (hyani Buddha airocana, 'valokitesvara, and a7rapani inside the Mendut

temple. The plan o temple8s base is s9uare, and measures $0.3 metre on each side, "ith the baselevel 0.3 metre above the ground . The +1. metre tall temple is acing north"est. The stairs

pro7ecting rom the north"est side s9uare elevated base is adorned "ith Makara statue on each

sides, the side o the stair"all carved "ith bas-relie o Jataka able narrating the animal story o

Buddhist teaching. The s9uare terrace surrounding the body o the temple "as meant or

pradakshina or circumambulating ritual, "alking clock"ise around the temple. The outer "alls isadorned "ith bas-relies o Boddhisattvas :Buddhist divinities;, such as 'valokitesvara,

Maitreya, Cunda, )sitigarbha, *amantabhadra, Mahakarunika 'valokitesvara, a7rapani,Man7usri, 'kasagarbha, and Boddhisattvadevi !ra7naparamita among other buddhist igures.

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bas-relie o >ariti surrounds by children, 'tavaka on the other side, )alpataru, also groups o

devatas divinities lying in heaven.

?ocation three Buddhist temples, Borobudur-!a"on-Mendut, in one straight line across!rogo River. The main room has three carved large stone statues. The 0 metres tall statue o

(hyani Buddha airocana "as meant to liberate the devotees rom the bodily karma, at the let is

statue o Boddhisatva 'valokitesvara to liberate rom the karma o speech, at the right isBoddhisatva a7rapani to liberate rom karma o thought.

Rituals

The bas-relie o >ariti on inner northern "all o Mendut Currently, during the ull moonin May or June, Buddhists in Indonesia observe esak annual ritual by "alking rom Mendut

passing past !a"on and ends at Borobudur. The ritual takes the orm o mass Buddhist prayer

and pradakshina :circumambulation; around the temple.

@or local Javanese, especially those "ho ollo" traditional )e7a"en Javanese mysticism

or Buddhism practices, praying in Mendut temple is believed to ulill various "ishes, such asdeliverance rom sickness.

The bas-relie o >ariti or e#ample is popular among local Javanese childless married

couples to pray or a child, since in traditional Javanese belies, >ariti is considered as thesymbol o ertility, the patroness o motherhood and protector o children.