meljun cortes e-commerce report group 3

8/9/2019 MELJUN CORTES E-commerce Report Group 3

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E-CommerceDr. De Leon

Reporters:Trishna HemnaniMelissa ChangRolly Sabulao

Annalia !iernes

"n#rastructure #or E- commerce

Technology Infrastructure: The Internet

and the World Wide Web


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Objectives

"n this chapter$ you %ill learn about:

& The origin$ gro%th$ an' current structure o# the"nternet

& Ho% pac(et-s%itche' net%or(s are combine' to#orm the "nternet

& Ho% "nternet protocols an' "nternet a''ressing

%or(- TC)*")

& The history an' use o# mar(up languages on the+eb$ inclu'ing S,ML$ HTML$ an' ML


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3

Objectives

& Ho% HTML tags an' lin(s %or( on the +orl' +i'e+eb

& The 'i##erences among internets$ intranets$ an'etranets

& /ptions #or connecting to the "nternet$ inclu'ing costan' ban'%i'th #actors

& About "nternet0 an' the Semantic +eb

& "nternet Search Engines an' )ortals

& 1ploa'ing o2er the internet


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The Internet and the World Wide Web

& Computer net%or(

3 Any technology that allo%s people to connectcomputers to each other

& The "nternet

3 A large system o# interconnecte' computer

net%or(s spanning the globe& +orl' +i'e +eb

3 A subset o# computers on the "nternet


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Origins of the Internet

& Early 4567s

3 1.S. Department o# De#ense #un'e' research toeplore creating a %orl'%i'e net%or(

& "n4565$ De#ense Department researchers 3 Connecte' #our computers into net%or( calle'

AR)A8ET

& Throughout 4597s an' 457s

3 Aca'emic researchers connecte' to AR)A8ETan' contribute' to its technological'e2elopments


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New Uses for the Internet

& 4590

3 E-mail %as born

& Mailing list

3 E-mail a''ress that #or%ar's any messagerecei2e' to any user %ho has subscribe' to thelist

& 1senet

3 Starte' by group o# stu'ents an' programmers atDu(e 1ni2ersity an' the 1ni2ersity o# 8orthCarolina


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Growth of the Internet

& "n 4554$ 8S; 3 Ease' restrictions on commercial "nternet

acti2ity

3


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Growth of the Internet


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Emergence of the World Wide Web

& The +eb

3 So#t%are that runs on computers connecte' tothe "nternet

& !anne2ar


10/9010

Emergence of the World Wide Web

!ontinued"& Tim

3 "nclu'es set o# co'es =or tags> attache' to tet


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#ac$et%&witched Networ$s

& Local area net%or( =LA8>

3 8et%or( o# computers locate' close together

& +i'e area net%or(s =+A8s>

3 8et%or(s o# computers connecte' o2er greater'istances

& Circuit

3 Combination o# telephone lines an' close's%itches that connect them to each other


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#ac$et%&witched Networ$s !ontinued"

& Circuit s%itching

3 Centrally controlle'$ single-connection mo'el

& )ac(ets 3 ;iles an' e-mail messages on a packet-

switched net%or( that are bro(en 'o%n intosmall pieces

3 Tra2el #rom computer to computer along theinterconnecte' net%or(s until they reach their'estinations


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'outing #ac$ets

& Routing computers

3 Computers that 'eci'e ho% best to #or%ar'pac(ets

& Routing algorithms

3 Rules containe' in programs on routercomputers that 'etermine the best path on

%hich to sen' pac(et

3 )rograms apply their routing algorithms toin#ormation they ha2e store' in routing tables


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'outer%based (rchitecture of the

Internet


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Internet #rotocols

& )rotocol 3 Collection o# rules #or #ormatting$ or'ering$ an'

error-chec(ing 'ata sent across a net%or(

&Rules contributing to success o# "nternet 3 "n'epen'ent net%or(s shoul' not re?uire any

internal changes to be connecte' to the net%or(

3 )ac(ets that 'o not arri2e at their 'estinationsmust be retransmitte' #rom their source net%or(

3 Router computers act as recei2e-an'-#or%ar''e2ices

3 8o global control eists o2er the net%or(


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T!#)I#

& TC)

3 Controls 'isassembly o# a message or a #ile

into pac(ets be#ore transmission o2er "nternet 3 Controls reassembly o# pac(ets into their

original #ormats %hen they reach their'estinations

& ")

3 Speci#ies a''ressing 'etails #or each pac(et


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I# (ddressing

& "nternet )rotocol 2ersion @ =")2@>

3 1ses a 0-bit number to i'enti#y computersconnecte' to the "nternet

& number system 3 1se' by computers to per#orm internal

calculations

& Subnetting

3 1se o# reser2e' pri2ate ") a''resses %ithinLA8s an' +A8s to pro2i'e a''itional a''ressspace


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I# (ddressing !ontinued"

& )ri2ate ") a''resses

3 Series o# ") numbers not permitte' on pac(etsthat tra2el on the "nternet

& 8et%or( A''ress Translation =8AT> 'e2ice

3 1se' in subnetting to con2ert pri2ate ")a''resses into normal ") a''resses

& "nternet )rotocol 2ersion 6 =")26> 3 )rotocol that %ill replace ")2@

3 1ses a 40-bit number #or a''resses


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*omain Names

& Sets o# %or's assigne' to speci#ic ")a''resses

& Top-le2el 'omain =or TLD> 3 Rightmost part o# a 'omain name

& "nternet Corporation #or Assigne' 8ames an'

8umbers ="CA88> 3 Responsible #or managing 'omain names an'

coor'inating them %ith ") a''ress registrars


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To+%level *omain Names


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Web #age 'e,uest and *elivery

#rotocols& +eb client computers

3 Run so#t%are calle' Web client software or

Web browser software& +eb ser2er computer

3 Runs so#t%are calle' +eb ser2er so#t%are

& Client*ser2er architecture

3 Combination o# client computers running +ebclient so#t%are an' ser2er computers running+eb ser2er so#t%are


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Web #age 'e,uest and *elivery

#rotocols !ontinued"

& Hypertet Trans#er )rotocol =HTT)>

3 Set o# rules #or 'eli2ering +eb page #iles o2er

the "nternet

& 1ni#orm Resource Locator =1RL>

3 Combination o# the protocol name an' 'omain

name

3 Allo%s user to locate a resource =the +ebpage> on another computer =the +eb ser2er>


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Electronic -ail #rotocols !ontinued"

& Simple Mail Trans#er )rotocol =SMT)>

3 Speci#ies #ormat o# a mail message

& )ost /##ice )rotocol =)/)>

3 )/) message can tell the e-mail ser2er to

& Sen' mail to userBs computer an' 'elete it #rome-mail ser2er

& Sen' mail to userBs computer an' not 'elete it

& Simply as( %hether ne% mail has arri2e'

3 )ro2i'es support #or Multipurpose "nternet MailEtensions =M"ME>


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-ar$u+ .anguages and the Web

& Tet mar(up language

3 Speci#ies set o# tags that are inserte' into tet

& Stan'ar' ,eneralie' Mar(up Language=S,ML>

3 /l'er an' comple tet mar(up language

3 A meta language

& +orl' +i'e +eb Consortium =+C>

3 8ot-#or-pro#it group that maintains stan'ar's#or the +eb


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*evelo+ment of -ar$u+ .anguages


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&tandard Generali/ed -ar$u+

.anguage& /##ers a system o# mar(ing up 'ocuments

that is in'epen'ent o# any so#t%are

application

& 8onproprietary an' plat#orm in'epen'ent

& /##ers user-'e#ine' tags

& Costly to set up an' maintain


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0y+erte1t -ar$u+ .anguage 0T-."

& )re2alent mar(up language use' to create'ocuments on the +eb to'ay

& HTML tags

3 "nterprete' by +eb bro%ser an' use' by it to#ormat the 'isplay o# the tet

& HTML Lin(s

3 Linear hyperlin( structure

3 Hierarchical hyperlin( structure


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0y+erte1t -ar$u+ .anguage 0T-."

!ontinued"& Scripting languages an' style sheets

3 Most common scripting languages

&a2aScript$ Script$ )erl$ an' !


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E1tensible -ar$u+ .anguage 2-."

& 1ses paire' start an' stop tags

& "nclu'es 'ata management capabilities that

HTML cannot pro2i'e& Di##erences bet%een ML an' HTML

3 ML is not a mar(up language %ith 'e#ine'

tags

3 ML tags 'o not speci#y ho% tet appears on a+eb page


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#rocessing a 'e,uest for an 2-. #age


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&G-.

& S tandard G eneralized M arkup Language, a system #ororganiing an' tagging elements o# a 'ocument. S,ML %as'e2elope' an' stan'ar'ie' by the "nternational /rganiation#or Stan'ar's ="S/> in 456. S,ML itsel# 'oes not speci#y anyparticular #ormatting rather$ it speci#ies the rules #or taggingelements. These tags can then be interprete' to #ormatelements in 'i##erent %ays.

& S,ML is use' %i'ely to manage large 'ocuments that aresubect to #re?uent re2isions an' nee' to be printe' in 'i##erent#ormats.


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Intranets and E1tranets

& "ntranet

3 "nterconnecte' net%or( that 'oes not eten'beyon' organiation that create' it

& Etranet

3 "ntranet eten'e' to inclu'e entities outsi'e

boun'aries o# organiation 3 Connects companies %ith suppliers$ business

partners$ or other authorie' users


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#ublic and #rivate Networ$s

& )ublic net%or(

3 Any computer net%or( or telecommunicationsnet%or( a2ailable to the public

& )ri2ate net%or( 3 A pri2ate$ lease'-line connection bet%een t%o

companies that physically connects theirintranets

& Lease' line

3 A permanent telephone connection bet%een t%opoints


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3irtual #rivate Networ$ 3#N"

& Etranet that uses public net%or(s an' theirprotocols

& ") tunneling

3 E##ecti2ely creates a pri2ate passage%aythrough the public "nternet

& Encapsulation 3 )rocess use' by !)8 so#t%are

& !)8 so#t%are 3 Must be installe' on the computers at both

en's o# the transmission


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Internet !onnection O+tions

&


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3oice%Grade Tele+hone !onnections

& )/TS$ or plain ol' telephone ser2ice

3 1ses eisting telephone lines an' analogmo'em

3 )ro2i'e ban'%i'th bet%een 0 an' F6 Gbps

& Digital Subscriber Line =DSL>

3 Connection metho's 'o not use mo'em

& "ntegrate' Ser2ices Digital 8et%or( ="SD8> 3 /##ers ban'%i'ths bet%een 40 Gbps an' 0F6

Gbps


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4roadband !onnections

& /perate at spee's o# greater than 077 Gbps

& Asymmetric 'igital subscriber =ADSL>

3 Transmission ban'%i'th is #rom 477 to 6@7 Gbps

upstream an' #rom 4.F to 5 Mbps 'o%nstream

& Cable mo'ems

3 )ro2i'e transmission spee's bet%een 77 Gbps

an' 4 Mbps& DSL

3 )ri2ate line %ith no competing tra##ic


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.eased%.ine !onnections

& DS7 ='igital signal ero> 3 Telephone line 'esigne' to carry 4 'igital signal

& T4 line =also calle' a DS4>

3 Carries 0@ DS7 lines an' operates at 4.F@@ Mbps

& ;ractional T4

3 )ro2i'es ser2ice spee's o# 40 Gbps an' up%ar' in

40-Gbps increments& T ser2ice =also calle' DS>

3 /##ers @@.96 Mbps


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Wireless !onnections

&


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Wireless Ethernet Wi%5i or 6789b"

& Most common %ireless connectiontechnology #or use on LA8s

& +ireless access point =+A)>

3 De2ice that transmits net%or( pac(etsbet%een +i-;i-e?uippe' computers an' other'e2ices

& Has potential ban'%i'th o# 44 Mbps an'range o# about 77 #eet

& De2ices are capable o# roaming


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Wireless Ethernet Wi%5i or 6789b"

!ontinued"

& 70.44a protocol

3 Capable o# transmitting 'ata at spee's up to

F@ Mbps& 70.44g protocol

3 Has F@ Mbps spee' o# 70.44a

3 Compatible %ith 70.44b 'e2ices& 70.44n

3 Epecte' to o##er spee's up to 07 Mbps


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5i1ed%#oint Wireless

& /ne 2ersion uses system o# repeaters to#or%ar' ra'io signal #rom "S) to customers

& Repeaters 3 Transmitter-recei2er 'e2ices =transcei2ers>

& Mesh Routing

3 Directly transmits +i-;i pac(ets throughhun're's$ or e2en thousan's$ o# short-rangetranscei2ers


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!ellular Tele+hone Networ$s

& Thir'-generation =,> cell phones

3 Combine latest technologies a2ailable to'ay

& Short message ser2ice =SMS> 3 )rotocol use' to sen' an' recei2e short tet

messages

& Mobile commerce =m-commerce> 3 Describes the (in's o# resources people might

%ant to access using %ireless 'e2ices


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Internet8 and the &emantic Web

& "nternet0

3 Eperimental test be' #or ne% net%or(ing

technologies

3 Has achie2e' ban'%i'ths o# 47 ,bps an'more on parts o# its net%or(

3 1se' by uni2ersities to con'uct largecollaborati2e research proects


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Internet8 and the &emantic Web

!ontinued"

& Semantic +eb 3 )roect by Tim


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Internet &earch engines and +ortals

& A web +ortal or lin$s +age is a %eb site that #unctions as apoint o# access to in#ormation in the +orl' +i'e +eb. A portalpresents in#ormation #rom 'i2erse sources in a uni#ie' %ay.

& Apart #rom the stan'ar' search engine #eature$ %eb portals o##erother ser2ices such as e-mail$ ne%s$ stoc( prices$ in#ormation$

'atabases an' entertainment. )ortals pro2i'e a %ay #orenterprises to pro2i'e a consistent loo( an' #eel %ith accesscontrol an' proce'ures #or multiple applications an' 'atabases$%hich other%ise %oul' ha2e been 'i##erent entities altogether.

& Eamples o# public %eb portals

are A/L$ Ecite$ i,oogle$ MS8$ 8et2ibes$ an' ahooI.

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Ty+es of +ortals

& Horiontal !s. !ertical )ortals

3 T%o broa' categoriations o# portals arehoriontal portals$ %hich co2er many areas$ an'

2ertical portals$ %hich are #ocuse' on one#unctional area. Another 'e#inition #or a horiontalportal is$ that it is use' as a plat#orm to se2eralcompanies in the same economic sector or to thesame type o# manu#acturers or 'istributors. A2ertical portal conse?uently is a specialie' entrypoint to a speci#ic mar(et or in'ustry niche$subect area$ or interest$ also calle' !ortal .

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;inds of +ortals

& #ersonal +ortals

3 A personal portal is a site on the +orl' +i'e+eb that typically pro2i'es personalie'

capabilities to its 2isitors$ pro2i'ing a path%ay toother content. "t is 'esigne' to use 'istribute'applications$ 'i##erent numbers an' typeso# mi''le%are an' har'%are to pro2i'e ser2ices

#rom a number o# 'i##erent sources. "n a''ition$business portals are 'esigne' #or sharing an'collaboration in %or(places.

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& 8e%s portal

3 The tra'itional me'ia rooms all aroun' the%orl' are #ast a'apting to the ne% age

technologies. This mar(s the beginning o#ne%s portals by me'ia houses across theglobe. This ne% me'ia channels gi2e them theopportunity to reach the 2ie%ers in a shorter

span o# time than their print me'ia counterparts.

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,o2ernment +eb )ortals

& At the en' o# the 'ot-com boom in the 4557s$ many go2ernments ha' alrea'ycommitte' to creating portal sites #or their citiens. These inclu'e' primaryportals to the ,o2ernments as %ell as portals 'e2elope' #or speci#ic au'iences.

Eamples o# ,o2ernment %eb portals inclu'e& australia.go2.au #or Australia.

& 1SA.go2 #or the 1nite' States =in English> J ,obierno1SA.go2 =in Spanish>.

& Disability.go2 #or citiens %ith 'isabilities in the 1nite' States.

& Directgo2 #or citiens J businesslin(.go2.u( #or businesses in the 1nite'Ging'om.

& in'ia.go2.in #or "n'ia.

& Europa =%eb portal> lin(s to all E1 agencies an' institutions in a''ition to pressreleases an' au'io2isual content #rom press con#erences.

& Health-E1 portal gathers all rele2ant health topics #rom across Europe.

& 8ational Resource Directory lin(s to resources #or 1nite' States Ser2ice

Members$ !eterans an' their #amilies =8RD.go2>.

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& Search portals

3 Search portals aggregate results #rom se2eralsearch engines into one page.

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& "nternet search engines an' portals

The Maor +eb Directories an' )ortals on the"nternet.'oc

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U#.O(*ING O3E' T0E INTE'NET

& Tutorial 0ow to U+load


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& /nce your site is create' %hether your personal %ebsite$ sales page or onlinestore to sell your o%n pro'ucts online$ 'e#initely you %ant it accessible on theinternet aroun' the %orl'. +ell$ in or'er to 'o this you nee' another etraitems. There are 'omain name$ %eb hosting ser2er =%eb host> an' ;T). Domain

name is your speci#ic %ebsite a''ress or your %ebsite 1RL li(e %%%.your-'omain-name.com =http:**%%%.your-'omain-name.com>. +eb hosting ser2er is aplace to create or to (eep your o%n %ebsite. /nce you place your %ebsite intoyour %eb hosting ser2er then it can be accessible' on the internet aroun' the%orl'.

& ;T) is ;ile Trans#er )rotocol %hich %ill be use' to connect your computer an'your %eb hosting ser2er. The ;T) so#t%are =program> %hich %ill be use' to

trans#er or uploa' your %ebsite #rom your computer into your %eb hosting ser2ercalle' ;T) Client. This tutorial %ill sho% you ho% to uploa' your %ebsite step bystep using uic(connect button #rom your computer into your %eb hosting ser2erusing ;ileilla Client ;T). ;ileilla Client ;T) is 'istribute' un'er the ,81,E8ERAL )1


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& 0ow to U+load

& The ;ileilla Client ;T) so#t%are %ill be opene' as sho%n belo%

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& &te+ ?

& ,etting to (no% the ;ileilla 'isplay areas.

E-Commerce: The Second Wave, Fi!h "nn#a$ Edi!ion 58


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& There are F most important areas you nee'to i'enti#y %hen use #ree ;ileilla Client ;T).

& 9 .ogin (rea

& "n or'er to communicate %ith your %ebhosting ser2er$ you nee' to type inyour host$username$ +assword$ +ort an'

press the =uic$connect button as sho%nbelo%

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& 89 .ogin &tatus (rea

& Accepte' login status as sho%n belo%- *irectory listing successful

& Error login status as sho%n belo% - !ouldnot connect to server

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>9 as sho%n belo%. +hen youclic( on any 'irectory on A4 section$ the #iles an' #ol'ers insi'e

the 'irectory %ill be sho%n on the A0 section. To uploa' your%ebsite #rom your computer into your %eb hosting ser2er$'ouble clic( on your %ebsite 'irectory on A4 section. All the #ilesan' #ol'ers insi'e your %ebsite 'irectory %ill be 'isplaye' on A0section. Select all the #iles an' #ol'ers on A0 section an' 'rag itinto your %eb hosting ser2er on


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& ?9


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& The %eb hosting ser2er %hich has thecapability to host only single 'omain name$the 'isplay area %ill be li(e this as sho%n

belo%. +hen you clic( on any 'irectory on C4section as sho%n belo%$ the #iles an' #ol'ersinsi'e that 'irectory %ill be sho%n on the C0section. To uploa' your %ebsite$ 'ouble clic(

the +ublic@html 'irectory an' trans#er your%ebsite #rom your computer into C0 section


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A9 U+load or *ownload &tatus *is+lay(


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(rea

U+load or download status will be

dis+layed here as shown below



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& &te+ A

& +ell$ be#ore you can use ;ileilla Client ;T) to uploa' your %ebsiteinto your %eb hosting ser2er you nee' to ma(e sure you (no% @ mostimportant (eys here. Host$ username$ pass%or' an' port.

& 4. 0ost is your 'omain name.

& "# your %ebsite a''ress is http:**%%%.#ree-'emo.net thenyour host name %ill befree%demo9net

& 0. Username is your %eb hosting #tp username an'. #assword is your %eb hosting #tp pass%or'

& +hene2er you buy the %eb hosting pac(age =%eb host O 'omain

name>$ the username an' pass%or' %ill be emaile' to you. These %illbe your %eb hosting #tp username an' pass%or'. 1nless you 'i' createthe ne% one. ou %ill also use this username an' pass%or' to login intoyour %eb hosting control panel.



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& @. +hat is portP #ort is a speci#ic channel to i'enti#ya speci#ic in?uiry to %eb hosting ser2er so#t%are.+hen the in?uiry arri2es at the %eb hosting ser2er$the %eb hosting ser2er so#t%are %ill #or%ar' amassage to the re?uestor %hether to accept or toreect the in?uiry. "# the in?uiry is accepte' then there?uestor an' %eb hosting ser2er can communicateeach other through this port.

& The stan'ar' port #or ;T) is 8



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& &te+ B

& Here$ " %ill sho% you ho% to trans#er your %ebsite #rom your computerinto your %eb hosting ser2er. The tutorials belo% is using the %ebhosting ser2er that has the capability to host multiple 'omain name.

& but %aitI...

& " ust bought this %eb hosting pac(age #rom Cheap +ebHosting Ser2ice. The %eb hosting pac(age cost %as 1SD Q476 peryear =Corporate +eb Hosting )ac(age O 4 'omain>. The #eatures are0F77 ,< 'is( space$ 0F777 ,<


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& .ets start the u+loading999

& To uploa' your %ebsite into your %eb hosting ser2er$ you nee'to login into your %eb hosting ser2er using #ree ;ileilla Client;T). Type in your host$ username$ pass%or' an' port 04 as

sho%n belo% an' press the uic(connect button. +hen thelogin status area in'icate directory listing successful$meaning that you are login into your %eb hosting ser2ersuccess#ully.

& Here " %ill choose my htt+:))www9free%demo9net 'omain

name then the host %ill be free%demo9net$ my username is ahimin40$ my +assword is secret an' port is 04 as sho%nbelo%.



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& CNote: ;or sa#ety purpose the ahimin40 username an' pass%or' %ill be'elete' %hen the tutorials 'emo is complete'.the easyeboo$moneyreseller9/i+ also %ill be 'elete'

& &te+ D: On $ choose an' clic( your %ebsite 'irectory. The%ebsite 'irectory contents %ill be 'isplaye' un'er the #ilename as sho%nbelo%.

& " ust bought Easy Eboo( Money %ith master resale rights an' put it on my%web%site'irectory. " am going to sell this eboo( on resale rights eboo( or%%%.resalerightseboo(.net.


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& &te+ 6: On


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& &te+ : 4ac$ (gain On as sho%n belo% an' pressthe &hift button on your (eyboar' then use your mouseagain to clic( the last #ile =(eep pressing the Shi#t button%hile selecting other #iles>... 'one.

& "# you %ant to select only some o# the #iles... ust 'o %hat" 'i'$ press the !trlbutton on your (eyboar' =(eeppressing the Ctrl button> then use your mouse to selectany %ante' #iles... 'one.



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& &te+ 7: &till On


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& &te+ : U+load &tatus

& The uploa' progress %ill be 'isplaye' on theuploa' *'o%nloa' status area as sho%n

belo%



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& &te+ 8: U+load !om+leted

& All the chosen #iles an' #ol'er are uploa'e'success#ully #rom my computer into my %eb

hosting ser2er. The chosen #iles an' #ol'er onmy computer are the same as uploa'e' intomy chosen 'omain name on my %eb hostingser2er as sho%n belo%.



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& e- commerceVHo% to uploa' your %ebsite onthe internet.#l2

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&ummary

& TC)*")

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