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Mekong Malaria Elimination Epidemiology summary

Volume 7, July–September 2019

Overview (July–September 2019)

From July to September 2019, Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) countries reported 20 916 malaria

cases, representing a 36% decrease compared to the same time period in 2018.

CambodiaThe country reported 8023 cases, a 60% decrease compared to the same time period in 2018. Cases are mostly in the north-

eastern and south-western regions of Cambodia, along the forested border areas with Viet Nam, Lao PDR and Thailand.

ChinaThe country reported no indigenous cases.

Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR)The country reported 1850 cases, a 28% decrease compared to the same time period in 2018. Most cases are in the five

southern provinces.

MyanmarThe country reported 8216 cases, a 15% increase compared to the same time period in 2018. Most cases are in the border

states/region to India and Bangladesh.

ThailandThe country reported 1729 cases, a 13% decrease compared to the same time period in 2018. Most cases are in the border

provinces to Malaysia, Myanmar and Cambodia.

Viet NamThe country reported 1098 cases, a 10% increase compared to the same time period in 2018. Most cases are indigenous and

located in the border provinces to Cambodia.

Monthly malaria incidence in the GMS (last 12 months)*

*Incidence is calculated as the number of reported cases per month per 1000 population.

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-19 Aug-19 Sep-19

Cambodia China Lao PDR Myanmar Thailand Viet Nam

Monthly malaria incidence by country* (2017–2019)

Regional map of malaria incidence by province (July–September 2019)*

*Incidence is calculated as the number of reported cases from July to September 2019 per 1000 population.

The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.

Cambodia

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

Jan Mar May July Sep Nov

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2


0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5


Lao PDR Myanmar

Thailand

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01


0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03


Viet Nam

*Incidence is calculated as the number of reported cases per month per 1000 population.

Incidence per1000 population

Percentage of P. falciparum cases by month by country* (2017–2019)

Cambodia

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%


Lao PDR Myanmar

Thailand

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%


Viet Nam

Cambodia

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%


0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%


0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%


Lao PDR Myanmar

Thailand

0.0%

0.1%

0.2%

0.3%

0.4%

0.5%

0.6%


0.0%

0.2%

0.4%

0.6%

0.8%

1.0%

1.2%

1.4%

1.6%


Viet Nam

Monthly test positivity rate (TPR) by country* (2017–2019)

*Percentage of P. falciparum cases is calculated as number of confirmed cases due to P. falciparum divided by total confirmed cases per month per country.

*TPR is calculated as number of confirmed cases divided by number of tested cases (including rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy) per month per country.

1 Mixed cases include cases identified with more than one Plasmodium species. Other cases refer to P. malariae, P. ovale, P. knowlesi and unknown. Data in the table include microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). 2 Numbers of cases for China refer to imported cases in this table. No indigenous cases were reported in 2018.3 Numbers of cases tested are reported from the vertical malaria programme, including data from some public hospitals.

Monthly malaria cases and deaths by country in 2018 (January–December)

Country Surveillance indicator1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Cambodia

Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Suspected cases tested 18714 16579 18135 18303 20314 26373 29676 30026 27773 27882 26978 28571

Confirmed cases 5591 4170 4102 4368 5136 6832 7059 6514 6315 6095 5459 4745

P. faliciparum cases 2473 1501 1267 1371 1388 1995 1838 1389 1513 1402 1168 884

P. vivax cases 2933 2561 2735 2877 3554 4631 4976 4937 4633 4573 4168 3767

Mixed cases 185 108 100 120 194 206 245 188 169 120 123 94

Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

China2

Deaths 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Confirmed cases 11 14 20 23 25 32 21 12 8 1 3 2


P. vivax cases 10 13 20 21 25 32 20 12 8 1 2 2

Mixed cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Lao PDR

Deaths 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 0


Confirmed cases 685 457 390 425 762 970 1006 761 802 911 922 946


P. vivax cases 231 226 190 192 309 416 433 388 387 450 407 469

Mixed cases 9 8 8 6 5 10 10 6 9 11 20 9

Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Myanmar

Deaths 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 3 3 0


Confirmed cases 1731 1072 916 1016 1694 3057 2989 2227 1913 2023 1319 1096


P. vivax cases 572 426 395 487 714 1203 1136 742 624 657 520 461

Mixed cases 51 20 17 18 25 47 57 42 48 35 26 12

Other cases 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2

Thailand3

Deaths Data not provided


Confirmed cases 463 392 305 438 740 1026 879 592 524 597 455 339


P. vivax cases 368 321 238 367 609 860 752 501 413 489 369 269

Mixed cases 7 9 7 3 14 12 8 2 8 4 4 1

Other cases 30 20 13 15 30 37 35 25 34 21 18 16

Viet Nam

Deaths 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Confirmed cases 614 475 357 255 209 195 265 281 451 594 645 472


P. vivax cases 229 169 138 106 101 96 88 112 173 180 215 151

Mixed cases 16 15 11 8 7 5 4 1 6 2 3 2

Other cases 1 1 2 2 2 1 0 3 2 0 1 0

1 Mixed cases include cases identified with more than one Plasmodium species. Other cases refer to P. malariae, P. ovale, P. knowlesi and unknown. Data in the table include microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). 2 Numbers of cases include data from two systems: the malaria information system (MIS) and the health information system (HIS).3 Numbers of cases for China refer to imported cases in this table. No indigenous cases were reported in 2019.4 Numbers of cases tested are reported from the vertical malaria programme, including data from some public hospitals.

Monthly malaria cases and deaths by country in 2019 (January–September)

Disclaimer: The Mekong Malaria Elimination (MME) is an initiative aimed at supporting the countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion towardsthe goal of malaria elimination by 2030. The World Health Organization (WHO) has compiled data for this publication based on reports fromthe countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The data presented in this publication are based on available data as of November 2019. Thedesignations employed and the presentation of the material in this summary do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on thepart of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiersor boundaries. WHO does not warrant that the information contained in this summary is complete and correct and shall not be liable for anydamages incurred as a result of its use. This summary may not be reviewed, abstracted, quoted, reproduced, transmitted, distributed,translated or adapted, in part or in whole, in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of WHO.

WHO/CDS/GMP/MME/2019.05 © World Health Organization 2019. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence.

Data sources: Reported cases include cases reported from all sources of public health facilities, community health workers and the privatesector. For the regional map of malaria incidence by province, the annual population estimate is based on the estimate submitted by eachcountry to the World Malaria Report in 2018. All other population estimates are based on the annual UN estimate of total population.

Country Surveillance indicator1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Cambodia2

Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Suspected cases tested 29295 31755 34302 37907 44405 56145 64623 57576 59652

Confirmed cases 4414 3239 2659 2452 2441 2574 3315 2424 2284

P. faliciparum cases 692 443 267 255 293 397 592 385 313

P. vivax cases 3662 2741 2356 2172 2102 2118 2677 2005 1939

Mixed cases 60 55 36 25 46 59 46 34 32

Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

China3

Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Confirmed cases 13 4 4 10 10 18 34 10 7


P. vivax cases 13 4 4 9 9 18 34 10 7

Mixed cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Lao PDR

Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Confirmed cases 819 427 405 394 491 730 721 631 498


P. vivax cases 465 265 279 266 377 548 452 426 318

Mixed cases 16 1 4 4 1 5 13 13 8

Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Myanmar

Deaths 2 1 0 0 0 2 2 1 1


Confirmed cases 6129 3749 5331 3485 3305 5173 4940 2262 1014


P. vivax cases 4377 2885 2715 2724 2476 3971 3734 1590 717

Mixed cases 62 46 1978 20 25 34 45 35 18

Other cases 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

Thailand4

Deaths Data not provided


Confirmed cases 310 225 229 259 557 1120 848 481 400


P. vivax cases 246 184 185 210 431 916 751 421 350

Mixed cases 1 4 2 1 7 7 7 5 0

Other cases 15 7 14 13 17 24 33 13 14

Viet Nam

Deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Confirmed cases 554 361 261 261 358 230 477 355 266


P. vivax cases 188 135 106 99 71 68 139 124 130

Mixed cases 3 3 2 1 5 0 2 2 2

Other cases 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 0

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