Medieval PeriodMedieval Period

1066- 14851066- 1485

10661066

►Battle of Hastings: Harold the Saxon, Battle of Hastings: Harold the Saxon, the King of England was defeated by the King of England was defeated by William the Conqueror, the Duke of William the Conqueror, the Duke of NormandyNormandy

Changes brought by William the Changes brought by William the ConquerorConqueror

►Due to a more European business Due to a more European business exposure, England became stable and exposure, England became stable and very powerfulvery powerful

►People trained to be soldiers, lawyers, People trained to be soldiers, lawyers, doctors etc.doctors etc.

► In addition to English (Middle English) In addition to English (Middle English) the people spoke Norman and Frenchthe people spoke Norman and French

ReligionReligion

►Played a great role in the lives of the Played a great role in the lives of the Medieval people- All people wanted to Medieval people- All people wanted to attain Heavenattain Heaven

►Latin was the official language of the Latin was the official language of the churchchurch

►Abbeys and Monasteries were builtAbbeys and Monasteries were built

1313thth Century Century

►Oxford and Cambridge were openedOxford and Cambridge were opened

1313thth Century Century

►Great Farms called FiefsGreat Farms called Fiefs

1313thth Century Century

►Gothic Cathedrals were builtGothic Cathedrals were built

““Christendom”Christendom”

►Commonwealth- a spiritual and Commonwealth- a spiritual and cultural empire uniting men of cultural empire uniting men of different nationalities, different different nationalities, different languages and different regional ways languages and different regional ways of lifeof life

►This basically refers to countries in This basically refers to countries in which Christians make up the majority which Christians make up the majority of the population, or the world wide of the population, or the world wide community of Christianscommunity of Christians

Feudal SystemFeudal System

►Based on land holdingsBased on land holdings►Vassals or overlords owed allegiance Vassals or overlords owed allegiance

to a noble or kingto a noble or king

Feudal SystemFeudal System

►Everyone knew his placeEveryone knew his place►The only way the common man could The only way the common man could

advance was through the churchadvance was through the church►Priest, Bishop, Cardinal, PopePriest, Bishop, Cardinal, Pope

Life of Medieval PeriodLife of Medieval Period

►Austere- No modern comfortsAustere- No modern comforts►Travel was very difficultTravel was very difficult►Difficulty and harsh life was made up Difficulty and harsh life was made up

for in church splendorfor in church splendor►Priests preached that life on earth was Priests preached that life on earth was

less important than life after deathless important than life after death

Life of Medieval PeriodLife of Medieval Period

►The Crusades: A series of religious The Crusades: A series of religious wars to “save” Jerusalem from Turks wars to “save” Jerusalem from Turks (Muslims)(Muslims)

Life of Medieval PeriodLife of Medieval Period

►Learned much about medicine, Learned much about medicine, mathematics and commercial trademathematics and commercial trade

ChivalryChivalry

►The definition of chivalry today means The definition of chivalry today means the conduct of a mannered and the conduct of a mannered and sensitive man toward womensensitive man toward women

► In the Medieval period it was part of In the Medieval period it was part of the code that knights were sworn to the code that knights were sworn to live by along with courage, justice, live by along with courage, justice, mercy, generosity, faith, nobility and mercy, generosity, faith, nobility and hopehope

ChivalryChivalry

ChivalryChivalry

►This idea joined with romance in This idea joined with romance in literatureliterature

►Feature: fairy enchantments, giants, Feature: fairy enchantments, giants, dragons, wizards, sorceressesdragons, wizards, sorceresses

►Seen in stories like: King Arthur and Seen in stories like: King Arthur and his Knights, King Charlemagne and his Knights, King Charlemagne and The Conquest of TroyThe Conquest of Troy

Black DeathBlack Death

►1348- Plague hit – 1/3 of England died1348- Plague hit – 1/3 of England died

Peasants RevoltPeasants Revolt

►1381- Black Death reduced the labor 1381- Black Death reduced the labor force, therefore, laborers could ask for force, therefore, laborers could ask for enhanced benefitsenhanced benefits

Wars of the RosesWars of the Roses

►1455-1485- fight for power between 1455-1485- fight for power between two housestwo houses

►House of York- represented by White House of York- represented by White RoseRose

►House of Lancaster- represented by House of Lancaster- represented by Red RoseRed Rose

End of the Middle AgesEnd of the Middle Ages

► In 1485 Richard III was defeated by In 1485 Richard III was defeated by Henry VII (Henry Tudor)Henry VII (Henry Tudor)

►This united the families, under the This united the families, under the Tudor line and ended the middle agesTudor line and ended the middle ages