medieval cathedrals
DESCRIPTION
Medieval Cathedrals. Romanesque. Use of the barrel vault which allowed for a taller church Few windows Begin to use stained glass Always cruciform in shape; with transept about ¾ of way down the nave Addition of side aisles to facilitate traffic Stone roofs replace earlier wooden roofs - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Medieval Medieval CathedralsCathedrals
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RomanesqueRomanesque
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• Use of the barrel vault which allowed for a taller church
• Few windows • Begin to use stained glass• Always cruciform in shape; with transept about
¾ of way down the nave• Addition of side aisles to facilitate traffic• Stone roofs replace earlier wooden roofs• Increasing importance of entrance at the west
end• Use of towers at west end or above transepts;
sometimes domes above transept (popular in Italy)
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Ely Cathedral, England
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Pisa, Italy
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Pisa with the Leaning Tower
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Barrel Vault –
San Miniato, Italy
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Ely, the Nave
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GothicGothic
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The Pointed Arch
Lyon, France
Allows for a taller, but narrow, building
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Chartres, France
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Chartres
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Chartres – cruciform in shape
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Notre Dame,
Paris
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Westminster Abbey, London
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Sainte Chapelle, Paris
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Perpendicular Gothic
• Not as tall
• Longer
• Transept often crosses at middle of church
• Frequently has a tower where transept and nave cross
• Popular in England
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York Minster
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York Minster
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Salisbury Cathedral, England
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Gloucester, England
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Fan Vaulting at Bath Abbey, England
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Flying Buttresses
Flying buttresses were external
supports which took some of the weight off
of the walls and allowed for a taller
building
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Notre Dame
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Chartres
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Chartres
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The nave is the main area of the church
where the congregation gathers
for Mass
Notre Dame, Paris
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York Minster, England
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The Choir
In cathedrals which had a monastery, the choir was where the monks or nuns sat to celebrate the Liturgy of the Hours
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Westminster Abbey
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Canterbury
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The Sanctuary
• The area of the church where the liturgy takes place.
• Includes the main altar, the lectern, and the Presider's chair
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Notre Dame
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Westminster Abbey – the Main Altar with the reredos
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Reredos
A screen behind the altar that makes the altar the focal point of the church
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The Rood Screen
• Also called the iconostasis
• A screen that divides the nave from the sanctuary
• Medieval Catholics believed the Mass was a holy mystery – something we were not worthy to view or to take part in
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York Minister
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Segovia
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St. Mary’s, Barking, England
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Portal
• From Latin for “door”
• The main door of most Medieval churches was the West Portal
• Frequently a painting or carving the Last Judgment was above the door
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Notre Dame,
West Portal
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Stained Glass
• Stained glass first appeared in church windows around 600 AD
• Common by 800• Medieval churches wanted lots of glass to let
light in – light represented the presence of God (Jesus as “Light of the World”)
• Stained glass pictures were considered to the “poor man’s Bible” – telling Biblical stories or the lives of the saints
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Rose Window - Chartres
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Chartres
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Notre Dame
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Sainte-Chapelle
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Crypt
• The basement of a large church or cathedral
• Sometimes contains chapels
• Medieval crypts were often burial places
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Crypt – Canterbury Cathedral
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Mont St Michel, France
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The Mass
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