MEDICINAL PLANTS OF GOA

GROUP 4

(4431—4440)

1) Goa is a state extensively rich in flora including medicinal plants.

2) Forest department is having more than 50 species of medicinal plants in its various nurseries .

3) Many awareness programmes are conducted by the forest department to make students and people aware.

4) Farmers are being encouraged and motivated to grow medicinal plants and the result has been quite encouraging.

Introduction

TYPES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Adki Aloevera Amla Tulsi Blue berry Neem Periwinkle Bhui amla Bamboo Drumstick

Adki ….( Rauvolfia Serpentina)

Distribution : It is distributed throughout India up to an altitude of 1300 m . Found in Goa in open forest areas, agricultural fields of Codal, Cuncolim, Canacona.Parts used: roots ,leaves.

Uses: 1) juice of leaves is used in opthalmia and to clear corneal opacity. 2) used in fever, giddiness

3) extract of root is valued for intestinal troubles.

4) roots constitute the drug reserpine which has been used for relief from nervous disorders including anxiety, maniacal behavior associated with psychosis, Insanity, insomnia ....etc. ADKHI

Aloevera…(Aloe barbadensis)

Distribution : Found in Goa along the coastal belt in sandy and lateritic soil at Anjuna, Candolim , Arambol.Parts used: leavesUses: 1) It is bitter , cooling, anthelmintic , purgative. it has excellent effect on skin diseases and hair fall

2) Leaf pulp is cathartic and refrigerant, used in liver and spleen ailments and for eye troubles.

3) Also found useful in x-ray burns, skin disorders, in burns and fresh cuts.

4) It is widely used in cosmetics and in anti-aging creams.

5) A fibre and a dye is prepared from the leavesALOEVERA

Amla…Phyllanthus emblica

Distribution: In Goa, it is found in Mollem , Keri, Ponda ,Sanguem, Netorlim, Poinguinim, Maina.Parts used: fruit Uses: 1) it is a good source of vitamin c,improves intelligence and memory power

2) It also cures thirst , burning sensation, vomiting, diabities , fever, Impurity of blood and hemorrhage.

3) It is also used in cough, inflammation of eyes, jaundice, leucoderma. 4) Also effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer, asthma, bronchitis, diarrhea, dysentery, cardiac and liver disorders, leprosy and skin disorders. 5) The fruit also has anti-cancerous properties.AMLA

Tulsi… (ocimum sanctum)

Distribution: Distributed throughout the country. Found almost everywhere in Goa and cultivated in the gardens.Parts used: leaves , seeds and roots.Uses: 1) Juice of leaves is used in cough, hiccups, respiratory tract disorders and leprosy

2) Also used to check malaria and expel worms from the body.

3) Juice of leaves is applied externally for ringworm and other skin diseases.

4) Grounded fresh roots applied for stings of bees and wasps and problems caused by worms and leeches. TULSI

Blue berry…(Eugenia jambolana)

Distribution: in Goa it is found in Valpoi, Ponda, Keri, Margao, Balli, Poinguinim, in evergreen and moist deciduous forestsParts used: seed and barkUses: 1) it is traditional medicine for diabetes and sore throat.

2)Seed powder and juice is used for diabetes

3) Bark of the tree is used for dysentery, hemorrhages and leucorrhea.

BLUE BERRY

Neem… (Azadirachta indica)

Distribution: found throughout India in deciduous forests, in areas with low rainfall. Sparsely distributed in Goa.Parts used: seeds, leaves, bark and twig.

Uses: 1)the powder of the leaves is a tonic and also used in skin diseases. 2)Flowers used as tonic and stomachache. Berries are used to expel worms, treating urinary problems, tumors and toothache. 3)Seed oil used for skin infection. Fresh tender twigs are used to clean teeth, particularly to cure pyorrhea. 4) bark is used in fever, cough and bronchitis, inflammation of liver, leprosy. 5)Leaves are used as insecticide, as antiseptic , deodorant , in diabetes,jaundice,blood diseases and contraceptive.

NEEM

Periwinkle …(Catharanthus roseus)

Distribution: found all over Goa, mainly in Margao, Quepem, Canacona, Ponda, Valpoi and also cultivated in gardens.Parts used: leaves, roots.

Uses: 1) infusion of leaves is used in diabetes, menorrhagia and diarrhea. 2) Juice of leaves locally applied for pain due to wasp stings. 3) Decoction of roots is used for hypertension, sedation as tranquilizer, for deworming, toothache and as a purgative. 4) Extract of leaves is anti-carcinogenic.

PERIWINKLE

Bhui amla …(Phyllanthus niruri)

Distribution: found in goa in Dona Paula, Valpoi, Sat pal, extensively found as undergrowth in open mixed moist deciduous forests.Parts used: whole plant.

Uses: 1) decoction of plant mainly used for jaundice. 2) Decoction of leaves and seeds is used for diabetes. 3) Milky latex used externally for offensive sores.

4) Infusion of the entire plant is used for promoting menstrual flow and flow of urine, kidney and gall stones.

5) used in dropsy, prostrate problems, uro-genital diseases, indigestion, dysentry, gonorrhea and fevers.

BHUI AMLA

Bamboo …(Bambusa bamboos)

Distribution: It is found in Old Goa , Banastarim , Valpoi, Quepem, Sanguem, Bhati , Kurdi , Nandrem in Mollem, Tambdi surla , Gavnem in moist and mixed deciduous forests.Parts used: whole plant.

Uses: 1) Bamboo manna is used to treat fever, cough, leprosy, jaundice, anaemia and strangurdy.

2) Stem and leaves are used in the treatment of blood, biliousness, leucoderma, inflammation, piles.

3) Juice of flower is applied for ringworms, bleeding gums.

4) Poultice of tender shoots is applied to swollen joints in case of arthritis.

BAMBOO

Drumstick…(Moringa oleifera)

Distribution: In Goa, found at Barazan bhati in Sanguem, Valpoi, Mollem, Collem.Parts used: whole plant.

Uses: 1) Tender pods utilized as vegetables, used for liver and spleen problems, articular pain, tetanus and paralysis.

2) All parts of the tree used for the treatment of venomous bites , rheumatism as cardiac and circulatory stimulants.

3) Leaf juice being rich in vitamin a and c, used in scurvy and catarrhal affections. 4) Bark of root promotes flow of urine.

DRUMSTICK

Frequently used medicinal plants.

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References :

1) Medicinal plants of Goa encyclopedia

2) Important medicinal plants of Goa: Book by research and utilization division of forest department Goa.

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