mechatronics presentation on electrical actuation & mechanical switches
TRANSCRIPT
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MECHATRONICS PRESENTATION ONELECTRICAL ACTUATION & MECHANICAL
SWITCHES
By
SUBHOBROTO MALLIK
1MS12ME169Department of Mechanca! En"neern"
MSRIT
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Table Of Contents
# Intro$%cton
# Act%ator&
# E!ectrca! act%aton &y&tem
# S'tche&
# Mechanca! S'tche App!caton&
Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
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Introduction
Moton & a common parameter n any of the
mechanca! &y&tem an$ n fact there & no !fe
'tho%t moton-
Mechanca! en"neer& are a!'ay& on the !oo+o%t
for "eneratn" moton a& ea&y a& po&&.!e 'th
$fferent metho$&an$ techn/%e&-
An e!ement n an en"neern" &y&tem 'hch ha&no moton an$ to 'hch moton can .e mparte$ &
ca!!e$ 0act%ator0-
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ia!ra""atic Re#resenatation
Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
S"na! roce&&n"
Amp!fcaton
Mechan&m
E!ectrc Hy$ra%!c
ne%matc )na! Act%aton
E!ement
Act%ator
Sen&or
Lo"ca!
S"na!
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efinition
An act%ator & a mechanca! e!ement an$
act%atn" mean& mpartn" moton-
There are many metho$& of mpartn" moton to
an act%ator $epen$n" on the type of ener"y
&o%rce re/%re$-
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T$#es of Actuators
1- E!ectrca! act%ator&3 E!ectrc motor&
# D4 &er5omotor&
# A4 motor Stepper motor&
3 So!eno$&
2- Hy$ra%!c act%ator&3 U&e hy$ra%!c f!%$ to amp!fy the contro!!er
comman$ &"na!
- ne%matc act%ator&
3 U&e compre&&e$ ar a& the $r5n" force
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Ste##er "otor and Ser%o"otor
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Ser5oMotor
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asic Co"#onents
# Actuator' The porton of the &'tch that come& n
contact 'th the o.7ect .en" &en&e$-
# Head' It ho%&e& the mechan&m that tran&!ate&
act%ator mo5ement nto contact mo5ement- 8henthe act%ator & mo5e$ a& nten$e$* the mechan&m
operate& the &'tch contact&-
# Contact loc(' It ho%&e& the e!ectrca! contact
e!ement& of the &'tch- It typca!!y contan& ether
t'o or fo%r contact par&-
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asic Co"#onents )contd*+
# Ter"inal loc(' The termna! .!oc+ contan& the
&cre' termnaton&- Th& & 'here the e!ectrca!
're: connecton .et'een the &'tch an$ the re&t
of the contro! crc%t & ma$e-# S,itc- od$' The &'tch .o$y ho%&e& the contact
.!oc+ n a p!%";n &'tch- It an$ termna! .!oc+ n
the nonp!%";n &'tch-
# ase' The .a&e ho%&e& the termna! .!oc+ n a
p!%";n &'tch-
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Electrical S$ste"s
An e!ectrca! &y&tem & a "ro%p of e!ectrca!
$e5ce& or component& connecte$ n a ratona!
manner to ache5e an$ %t!=e the e!ectrca! ener"y
n an effcent an$ effect5e manner-
The .a&c e!ement& that con&tt%te an e!ectrca!
&y&tem are po'er &%pp!y*contro!!n" %nt* po'er
%t!=n" $e5ce& &%ch a& motor p%mp& an$ 'rn"-A!&o a$$tona! e!ement& &%ch a& tran&former may
.e nc!%$e$-
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escri#tion and Classification
A "ro%p of e!ement& arran"e$ n a ratona!=e$
manner to carry o%t the act of act%aton of the
nten$e$ e!ement or e!ement& & an act%aton
&y&tem-
4!a&&fcaton of act%aton &y&tem&(
1: Mechanca! Act%aton Sy&tem
2: Ma"netc Act%aton Sy&tem
: Therma! Act%aton Sy&tem
>: Hy$ra%!c Act%aton Sy&tem
?: ne%matc Act%aton Sy&tem
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In mechanca! Sy&tem& mechanca! /%antte&
&%ch a& force*tor/%e etc are %&e$ for mpartn"
moton 'th a "ro%p of mechanca! e!ement&&%ch a& "ear&*.e!t&*p%!!ey&*cam&*re!ay& etc-
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Electrical Actuation S$ste"
An e!ectrca! act%aton &y&tem & one 'here
moton & mparte$ to the act%ator %&n" e!ectrca!
ener"y-
One of the man contro!!n" e!ement n any
e!ectrca! &y&tem & a &'tch-
E!ectrca! ener"y mpart& moton to a 5arety of
$e5ce& &%ch a& e!ectrca! motor&*&o!eno$&*re!ay&etc an$ hence they are ca!!e$ e!ectrca! act%aton
&y&tem&-
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Introduction To S,itc-es
# A &'tch & an e!ectromechanca! $e5ce thatcon&&t& of an act%ator mechanca!!y !n+e$to a &et of contact&-
# 8hen an o.7ect come& nto contact 'th theact%ator* the $e5ce operate& the contact& toma+e or .rea+ an e!ectrca! connecton-
# It can $etermne the pre&ence or a.&ence ofan o.7ect- It 'a& fr&t %&e$ to $efne the!mt of tra5e! of an o.7ect@ hence the nameLmt S'tch-
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efinition And Classification
A &'tch & a mechanca! $e5ce or an e!ectronc
$e5ce %&e$ to connect an$ $&connect &em
con$%ctor $e5ce: po'er &%pp!y-
4!a&&fcaton of S'tche& (
1: Mechanca! S'tche&
2: So!$ State S'tche&
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T$#es Of S,itc-es
Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
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Mec-anical S,itc-es
Mechanca! &'tche& are tho&e 'here n
&'tchn" acton & $one .y the app!caton
of mechanca! /%antty -e force on &'tch-
D%rn" mechanca! acton the mechanca!e!ement& mo5e 'thn the &'tch-
The&e &'tche& con&&t& of one or more par
of contact& 'hch are mechanca!!y c!o&e$or open %&n" a mechan&m an$ n $on" &o
ma+e or .rea+ the "5en e!ectrca! crc%t-
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Wor(in! Of A .e$board
S,itc-
Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
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ouncin!
8hen a mechanca! &'tch of on;off type &
operate$ to c!o&e the contact&* .eca%&e of
the e!a&tc nat%re of contact* the contact5.rate& or .o%nce& .efore fna! contact* th&
& ca!!e$ Bo%ncn"-enera!!y the .o%ncn"
tme & a.o%t 2C m!!&econ$&- Sm!ar effectcan occ%r 'hen the &'tch & opene$-
Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
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ouncin! Period
Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
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ebouncin!
Mt"atn" or pre5entn" the effect of &'tch
.o%nce & ca!!e$ De.o%ncn"- Mo&t common!y
%&e$ metho$& are(# Mechanca! So!n- e" mem.rane &'tche&*
to""!e &'tche&:
# Soft'are So!n- Mcroproce&&or:# E!ectronc Har$'are So!n D;f!p f!op crc%t*
Schmtt tr""er:
Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
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Ref( )%n$amenta!& of Sen&n"* Roc+'e!! A%tomaton , A!!en Bra$!ey
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Mec-anical Ad%anta!es of
Li"it S,itc-es
# Ea&e of %&e
# Smp!e 5&.!e operaton
# D%ra.!e ho%&n"# 8e!! &ea!e$ for re!a.!e operaton
# H"h re&&tance to $fferent am.ent con$ton&fo%n$ n n$%&try
# H"h repeata.!ty
# o&t5e openn" operaton of contact& &omemo$e!&:
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Electrical Ad%anta!es of Li"it
S,itc-es
# S%ta.!e for &'tchn" h"her po'er !oa$& than other&en&or techno!o"e& ?A at 2> D4 or 1CA at 12C A4typca! 5&- !e&& than 1A for promte& or photoe!ectrc&:
# Imm%nty to e!ectrca! no&e nterference
# Imm%nty to ra$o fre/%ency nterference 'a!+e;ta!+e&:
#
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isad%anta!es of Li"it
S,itc-es
# Shorter contact !fe than &o!$;&tate
techno!o"y
# Mo5n" mechanca! part& 'ear o%t
e5ent%a!!y
#
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T$#ical A##lications
# 4on5eyor &y&tem&
# Tran&fer machne&
# A%tomatc t%rret !athe&
# M!!n" an$ .orn" machne&
#Ra$a! $r!!&
# H"h &pee$ pro$%cton e/%pment
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Thank You.