mechanism of second dentition. diphyodont and heterodont humans homodont: all tooth are alike; ...
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MECHANISM OF SECOND DENTITION
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Diphyodont and Heterodont humans homodont: all tooth are alike; heterodont: teeth have diferent shapes; poliphyodont: changing of teeth for the whole lifetime diphyodont : 2 sets of teeth – mammals;
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MOORREES CF, FANNING EA, HUNT EE Jr. AGE VARIATION OF FORMATION STAGES FOR TEN PERMANENT TEETH. J Dent Res. 1963 Nov-Dec; 42:1490-1502.
¼ root ½ root ¾ root• Root completely develped• Apex open
• Apex ½ closed
• Apex closed
Root development - MOORREES et al.
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SECON DENTITION -MECHANISM
Mechanism – several factors responsible for normal second dentition process• Primary teeth period, after development of primary teeth – transitory period: maxillary bones are preparing for the permanent teeth arrival.
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SECOND DENTITION
Physiological developmental phenomenon; Dynamic process: root development, periodontal development, functional occlusion.
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Normal develpment of the craniofacial complex; Treatment planing, timing - orthodontics; Cariology.
SECOND DENTITION - IMPORTANCE
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6 years: M1
First permanent molars: at the end of the line;• „Sechsjahrmolaren”;• There are no changing of teeth, so it goes often unnoticed by the parents!
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ERUPTION - TIMETABLE
PERMANENT T. Hidasi Fehér
1. Molars 6 6-7
1. incisos 8 6-8
Lateral incisor 8 7-9
Canine 11 9-12
1. and 2. Praemolars 9-10 10-12
2. Molar 12 11-13
3. Molar - 17-21
UpperEruption sequences
♂ 4→5→3
♀3→4→5 vagy4→3→5
LowerEruption sequences
♂, ♀ 3→4→5
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CHARACTERISTICEPercentil presence of permanent teeth: prevalence of a particular tooth at a given moment in the population.
dierences between the arches; sexual dimorfizm;Dental age determination!; dental status or the given age.
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CHARACTERISTICS
Average eruption time: the age when the percentil presence of the tooth is 50%.
IMPORTANCE:
describes the second dentition process; comparative studies between populations; acceleratio: comparison with older data!;
Percenti presence: tooth type 15-40% Average eruotion time: tooth type 1-1,5 years.
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BONE MATURATION
Second dentition is paralell with bone maturation:• Tanner-Whitehouse method TW2 (Tanner et al. 1975); Orthodontic diagnostic value!
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GROWTH- TANNER
End of secondary dentition
Chronological age
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SECOND DENTITION CRITERIA
Presence of the permanent toothgerm Optimal position of the toothgerm Sufficient space Physiological root resorption
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PRESENCE OF THE PERMANENT TOOTH GERM
Aplasia prevalence: 3-4%; Gábris et al.: I2˃pm2˃ PM2˃i1
Persisting primary teeth Bolk’s terminal reduction theory
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APLASIA: 35; 31; 41; 45.
Persisting primary teeth: 75; 71; 72; 85 Bolk’s terminal reduction theory: EXEPTION
LOWER PERMANENT FIRST INCISORS
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OPTIMAL POSITION OF THE PERMANENT TOOTHGERM
Lower incidors: lingual eruption, erupting often in the presence o the primary incisors;
Extraction of the primary teeth;
Upper canines: Ectopia; Retentio/Impactio
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• DENS SUPERNUMERARIUS
• DENS SUPPLEMENTARIUS
MESIODENS
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Early primary teeth extraction
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Physiological root resorption
Genetical code!
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PATHOLOGY
TIME SPACE
THE PATHOLOGICAL TRIAS: Perturbance of the rootresoption; Persisting primary models; Retained permanent teeth.
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PATHOLOGY
DENTITIO PRAECOX DENTITIO TARDA DENTITIO DIFFICILIS
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INFRAOCCLUSIO SECUNDARIA Partialis retentio; reinclusio; Submergentia; „Halbretention” „submerged deciduous teeth”
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Eruption cyst/haematoma
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Importance of the distal plane in primary dentition