“measurement of power quality” - national...

“Measurement of Power Quality”

Dr Francesco Crusca,

F C Power Solutions

Summary

1. Renewable Energy – background information 1a. Concept of Embedded Generation (EG) 1b. Paradigm shifts in energy transmission 1c. Rules for the connection of EG

2. Measurement of Power Quality

2a. Australian and international standards 2b. Measurements required for compliance with standards

3. Conclusions

2 2012 NI Technical Symposium- Melbourne,

’’Measurement of Power Quality’’, © F C Power Solutions 2012

1. Renewable Energy – background information

1a. Concept of Embedded Generation (EG)

1b. Paradigm shifts in energy transmission

1c. Rules for the connection of EG



1a. Concept of Embedded Generation



Source: 0410-0082.pdf AEMO

1a. Concept of Embedded Generation




• Traditional approach is to have remote generation centres connected via high voltage AC transmission lines to load centres.

• With EG the power is generated in some cases close to where it is consumed. This saves on transmission infrastructure and reduces power losses on lines.




• NER: National Electricity Rules

• Topics covered in NER: – Steady-state voltages and line loadings

– Dynamic stability

– Power quality (S5.2.5.2) harmonics, flicker, unbalance

– Fault current levels

– And much more…

9

2012 NI Technical Symposium- Melbourne, ’’Measurement of Power Quality’’, © F C

Power Solutions 2012


2a. Australian and international standards

2b. Measurements required for compliance with standards




• AS/NSZ 61000.3.6:2001 (harmonics) • AS/NSZ 61000.3.7:2001 (flicker) • Victorian Electricity Distribution Code (2010) • IEEE Std 519-1992 (harmonics) • ENA G5/4-1 (harmonics) • IEC 61000-4-7 Wind Farms • AS/NZS 61000.4.30:2007 (PQ test & Meast) • IEC61000-4-7 (PQ test & Meast) • AS/NZS 61000.4.15:2005 (Flickermeter spec)




• Harmonics: – Measure integer harmonics 2nd-50th

– Measure non-integer harmonics up to 9 kHz

• Flicker – measure using flickermeter

• Unbalance – measure sequence components




• Example of harmonic impedance at POC



3. Conclusions

• Expected growth in measurement in the power industry

• Novel approaches are required

• Thanks for your attention!



“measurement of power quality” - national...

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