FINAL REPORT

Water Powered Faucet Light

Team D:

Jack Wise

Jinghuan Tang

Garrett Rowe

6 May 2014

Executive Summary

Our design team was tasked with creating an attachment to a typical household faucet

that could generate electric power. The team considered different design concepts based on

research and customer input. The top three design concepts were scored based on a weighted

analytical hierarchy process and the best design was chosen. The team has prototyped and tested

the final design which is now ready for mass manufacture. The design concept is both plausible

and profitable based on the research and calculations made by the team.

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Table of Contents:

Executive Summary ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1

1. Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

1.1 Problem Statement ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

1.2 Background Information --------------------------------------------------------------- 4

1.3 Project Planning ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

2. Customer Needs and Specifications ----------------------------------------------------------- 5

2.1 Gathering Customer Input ------------------------------------------------------------- 5

2.2 Weighting Customer Needs ----------------------------------------------------------- 5

3. Concept Development --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

3.1 External Search -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

3.2 Problem Decomposition ---------------------------------------------------------------- 6

3.3 Concept Generation --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7

3.4 Concept Selection ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

4. Detailed Design ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

4.1 Modifications to Proposal Sections --------------------------------------------------- 9

4.2 Overall Descriptions -------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

4.3 Detailed Drawings -------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

4.4 Final Theoretical Analysis ----------------------------------------------------------- 10

4.5 Component and Material Selection Process for Mass Production ------------- 11

4.6 Fabrication Processes for Mass Production --------------------------------------- 11

4.7 Industrial Design ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

4.8 Safety ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

4.9 Actual Construction of Beta Prototype --------------------------------------------- 12

5. Testing --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

5.1 Test Procedure and Plan -------------------------------------------------------------- 13

5.2 Test Results and Discussion of Results -------------------------------------------- 13

6. Conclusion and Recommendations ---------------------------------------------------------- 14

7. References --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16

8. Appendices -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

a. Project Management ------------------------------------------------------------------ 17

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b. Theoretical Analysis ------------------------------------------------------------------ 18

c. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) ----------------------------------------------- 19

d. Concept Selection Matrix ------------------------------------------------------------ 20

e. Generator Performance Data -------------------------------------------------------- 21

f. Final Theoretical Analysis ----------------------------------------------------------- 22

g. Detailed Drawings -------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

h. Nozzle/Gear Test Data --------------------------------------------------------------- 27

i. Attestation of Work ------------------------------------------------------------------- 28

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1. Introduction:

1.1 Problem Statement:

Team D was assigned the task of designing and prototyping a water powered generator that

attaches to a common home faucet to convert water power into electric power used to operate an

attachment. A working prototype will be built that must be inexpensive, easy to use, attractive,

and that demonstrates how the actual product will perform in a real environment. The product

must be designed to a list of constraints listed in section 2. This product is designed to not restrict

the customers view while they are using the faucet. With over 114,800,000 households in

America, there could be a strong need for a product like this [1]. With a 5% customer interest in

the product; there is a market potential for over 5,740,000 units sold.

1.2 Background Information:

Group D runs a company that focuses on producing water turbines for micro-hydropower

systems of 100Kw or less, generally used by homeowners, farmers and ranchers. The company

focuses on renewable energy for typical households by using water to power the systems. By

helping to cut down unnecessarily wasted energy with alternative energy means, Group D’s

company helps provide appliances with a more ecofriendly initiative. Customers will want this

product because it will help with household power consumption. The market for renewable

energy sources is ever growing and hydroelectric energy is a leading pioneer in this field and

more companies will be investing in the future.

1.3 Project Planning:

The team created a functional project plan, including six steps: planning, concept development,

system level design, detail design, testing and production. Planning was started by constructing a

Gantt chart, seen in Appendix A. The chart is a schedule of the next three months including all of

the necessary steps in the design process. The team identified all customer needs, and completed

external research so engineering specifications could be assigned. Using customer needs,

engineering specifications and multiple design concepts a final design was selected. This design

will be prototyped and tested to eliminate problems.

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2) Customer Needs and Specifications:

2.1 Identification of Customer Needs:

The following customer needs were identified: high performance, low cost, attractive appearance,

easy and secure installation, vertically downward discharge, and minimal effect on flow rate.

Also, the total length of the whole device should be less than four inches, the device must be

self-contained, must function reliably and repeatedly in a wet environment, and have visible

internal workings.

2.2 Design Specification:

Considering the customer needs listed above, design specifications were developed. The

specifications are: performance, cost, appearance, size, durability, reliability, simplicity and

manufacturability. Engineering specifications were related to the customer needs in a QFD

shown in figure 1 below.

Figure 1: QFD Results

The device must generate at least 1.5V over a 10 Ohm resistor. The device may not add anything

into the water and the flow rate of water must be at least 50% of the original flow rate. The total

cost of the product must not exceed $50. The product must attach to a standard faucet. The

internal workings must be visible and total length of the product must not exceed four inches.

The team used an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to weigh the importance of the specifications

against each other. The results from the AHP, displayed in Figure 2, showed that performance,

durability/ reliability and manufacturability were most important. The full AHP can be seen in

Appendix C.

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Figure 2: AHP Results

3) Concept Development:

3.1 External Search:

The team compiled research to identify similar products. The Sylvania LED Ecolight converts

incoming water pressure into electrical power used to illuminate a ring of LED lights. A built-in

sensor changes the color of the LEDs when the water temperature changes, showing customers

an approximate temperature before touching the water [2].

Another product that utilizes the energy from water is the TOTO EcoPower faucet. This device

can store energy in a rechargeable battery and use this energy to supply a sensor system in the

faucet. Any surplus energy from the water is stored in the battery, capable of lasting up to 20

years [3].

The team found patent US7919877B2 published on April 5th

, 2011 relating to the faucet

generator. This design incoperates a rotor vane consisting of rotor blades, a magnet, a coil, and a

plurality nozzles to generate power. This invention makes the faucet generator small, efficient,

and reduces the flow impingment by the rotor blades [4].

3.2 Problem Decomposition

The problem was broken into four, smaller sub-problems so that smaller design issues could be

resolved. As seen in Figure 3, these sub-problems include: the inlet, turbine design and

waterproofing the generator. Each sub-

problem was then broken down into design

specifications that needed addressing. The

inlet was deconstructed into connection,

increasing velocity and position of flow.

Turbine design included ease of spin and

the ability to transmit torque to the Figure 3: Black Box Model

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Figure 4: Tri-Turbine Design

generator. Waterproofing the generator was broken down into connecting to the turbine, no

rotational restriction and waterproof housing design.

3.3 Concept Generation:

The team discussed possible solutions for each sub-problem. For the inlet, a nozzle could be used

to increase the speed of the water, increasing the force on the blades of the turbine thus

increasing the torque. This nozzle could also be used to redirect the flow towards the turbine if it

is not placed directly below the flow. However, if non-influenced flow provides adequate torque

on the turbine a nozzle would not be necessary.

To solve problems with the turbine, different designs were proposed. The turbine could be

designed with flat blades to take the full impact of the water when horizontal, cupped blades

which would also catch water as it spun or curved blades which would catch energy during spin.

To overcome problems with waterproofing the generator the team reviewed several designs. One

idea is to design the turbine on one side of the stream and gear the shaft around an inside shell to

the generator far from the water. This design would prevent water from reaching the generator

but many gears would have to be implemented and increasing the size of the final product.

Another idea was to have the turbine and generator in separate housings next to each other with a

hole for the spindle extension to reach the turbine. This design would require no gears but may

let water in on account of the generators close proximity to the stream itself. Both of these

designs would not limit rotation to the generator’s spindle extension.

To transfer energy from the turbine to the generator the turbine could be geared to increase

rotation speed if more voltage was required. The team could choose from a variety of different

gears based on space allowed and availability of gears. If gears were needed the spur gear design

would work best. However, this also increases torque required to spin the generator shaft. If the

angular speed of the generator shaft is adequate gears will not be needed.

Of the many ideas that were generated, three designs were

investigated more thoroughly. The first of these was design 1,

Tri-turbine, which can be seen in figure 4. This design

utilized three separate turbines in the stream rather than one

giving it the ability to generate larger amounts of energy.

Having three turbines also increases this designs reliability,

even if one turbine fails, the device can still function properly.

However, the payoff for this design is its cost, and

complexity. Transferring energy from three turbines would

require three generators consequently increasing total cost

dramatically. If only one generator is used, a complex gear

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Figure 5: Single-Turbine Design

system would be required to transfer energy to the generator;

resulting in a reduction in manufacturability and an increase

in cost.

Design 2, single-turbine, is a simple and efficient design with

one turbine that rotates with the flow of water. The housing

separates the turbine from the generator preventing water

from damaging the generator increasing the lifespan of the

device. Compared to the tri-turbine design, this design is

small and inexpensive to manufacture. However if the turbine

fails the product will be unusable. This design can be seen in

figure 5.

Design 3, Perpendicular-turbine, can be seen in figure 6. It is similar to the single turbine design;

however, the turbine will rotate in a direction perpendicular to the water flow. By changing the

design of the turbine the torque generated can be increased. Because of the design can be easily

made less than four inches long. However, since the turbine is rotating perpendicular to the flow

of water, a gear system will have to be implemented to transfer the energy to the generator. Also,

due to the changed turbine blades, the water could splash more dramatically requiring more

thought in the waterproofing process.

Figure 6: Perpendicular-Turbine Design

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3.4 Concept Selection:

The team used a weighted design matrix to decide on the final design. Each design was scored

from 1 to 5 in terms of the specifications chosen in section 3.2. Also, according to the AHP, each

specification is given a weight, the most important criterion being performance, weighing

18.83%, and least important criterion, size, weighing only 6.5%. The results can be seen in figure

6 below. The full weighted design matrix can be seen in Appendix D.

Figure 7: Concept Selection Results

The single-turbine design will be developed. This design has the most potential and scored the

highest in the AHP. The Tri-Turbine and Perpendicular Turbine designs will be used as backup

designs if necessary.

4) Detailed Design:

4.1 Modifications to Proposal Section

Since the last report, the design has changed from a box shape with a large housing incorporating

a round housing allowing less water to collect inside the housing. Another change in the design

was to house the generator separately from the turbine to better waterproof the generator. A more

thorough theoretical analysis has also been

performed on the system. Due to losses in the

system, we cannot run at the speed predicted.

A gearing system will be implemented to help

compensate for these losses but will also add

losses as well due to the increase in torque

needed to turn the shaft. Also because some

due dates were pushed back, the schedule

changed.

4.2 Overall Description:

The team developed a simple design that will

be easy to manufacture but still meet the cost

and power requirements. An exploded view of

the device can be seen in Figure 8. The device

Figure 8: Components of the System

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will include a 3/8-18 NPT adapter to attach to a faucet. The water will flow through the adaptor

and onto the blades of the rotor. The force introduced from the water will push the blades down

and in turn, spin the rotor. The rotor is connected to the generator using a shaft which will be

attached to both the blades and the shaft of the generator to insure no slipping occurs. As the

blades spin the shaft extension will also spin creating electricity. The electricity will be used to

power a small LED light attachment. The generator and the blades will be separated by an

acrylic wall so that no water will be able to get to the generator. The entire system will be housed

in a clear acrylic case allowing the user to view the internal mechanisms during use. The

dimensions of the assembly will be 3.00 inches long, 3.00 inches wide and 3.00 inches thick. The

housing will be “D” shaped and have threaded adapters in the inlet and outlet so that other

attachments, like a hose, can be placed on the end of the housing. The walls of the assembly will

be sealed to the shell to prevent any leakage. If any water does leak out there will be a shield in

the generator hood to catch the water so it cannot

reach the generator.

4.3 Detailed Drawings

The final assembly will consist of a shell around the

turbine, walls to hold the turbine in, and a shaft to

transfer angular speed to the generator, the generator,

and a hood over the generator to hold it in place. A

solid model of the predicted appearance can be seen

in Figure 9. Individual drawings to show dimensions

and details of parts can be seen in Appendix G.

4.4 Final Theoretical Analysis:

A theoretical analysis was performed on the system to predict performance during use. From the

flow rate found during the proposal phase of development the speed of water when it hits the

turbine blade was calculated. From here the force on the blade was calculated as well as the

torque produced by this force. Once the torque was known, the angular velocity of the turbine

can be calculated. From this analysis, the angular velocity was found to be 72.96 rad/s allowing

the generator to produce approximately 0.5 V. So to ensure that the system will produce at least

1.5 V during use the generator shaft and turbine shaft will be geared at a 4:1 ratio. This will

increase the speed of the generator shaft and overshoot the voltage requirement; however there

will also be losses due to the increased torque of the gear. By designing with a higher gear ratio it

will account for the loss due to torque and still produce a voltage of at least 1.5 V. The full

analysis can be seen in appendix F.

Figure 9: Solid View Assembly

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4.5 Component and Material Selection Process for Mass Production

The device has a total of eight components. The housing is made by joining two walls and a shell

together with acrylic glue. The turbine is connected to the generator by a brass shaft, and covered

by a PVC case. The turbine and housing are cut from acrylic. Acrylic was used for most of the

device because it is light, inexpensive and easily cut to shape. The material is waterproof and

translucent allowing for viewing of internal workings [5]. The shaft is made of brass, because it

is strong and corrosion resistant. The hood that covers the generator will be made of PVC, a

waterproof and inexpensive material. PVC is also a good insulator, helping to prevent any

unexpected electric shock to the user [6].

4.6 Fabrication Process for mass production

The housing, walls and turbine will be cut with a laser cutter. The advantages of laser cutting

include a high level of precision, better edge quality than traditional machining process, and less

material deformation [7]. The shaft will be threaded through the walls, turbine and shell; the

walls will be glued to the shell so the turbine is completely enclosed in the housing. The

generator will be connected to the shaft and the hood will be placed around it.

4.7 Industrial Design

The design of the product is simple and efficient. Having only eight components, the device is

easy to manufacture. The device is self-contained, needing no battery replacement and can be

easily attached to a faucet rendering the product easy to use. The housing is transparent allowing

the user to see the internal mechanisms at work and is pleasing to the eye. All moving parts are

enclosed in housing, preventing the user from touching a component moving at high speed. The

electric component is shielded to prevent water damage or shock and further enclosed in a PVC

hood, which insulates from electric shock in case of failure.

4.8 Safety

To provide customers a reliable and safe product, it needs to meet certain certifications. UL

(Underwriters laboratories) certification is one of commonly accepted standards; it performs

safety tests and provides safety related certifications, validations and inspections [8]. It is also

one of several companies that have been approved by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health

Administration). Obtaining a UL certification will show the customer that the product is safe.

The process of applying for a UL certification is started by filling out an online form, after the

submittal process is completed; a request will be send to a specific location for inspection. Once

the test is over, the UL’s engineer will inform the company if the product meets the requirements

for the certification. A formal report will be given by UL’s engineer based on the test result [9].

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Figure 10: Turbine and Gear connected to shaft

4.9 Actual Construction Process of Beta Prototype

Construction started with the intent of 3-D printing the shell that holds the

turbine and adapters together. However, due to the printers being out of

service, the team had to redesign the prototype with different materials.

The housing was built by laser cutting the shapes out of pieces of acrylic

and gluing them together with acrylic weld glue. The shaft was cut to size

using a band saw capable of cutting brass. The turbine and gears were

then superglued to their respective shafts to prevent slip during use, seen

in Figure 10. The inlet nozzle was printed using the MakerBot and then

sanded so it would fit inside the inlet adapter as seen in figure 11.

Once gearing was implemented the team redesigned the back of

the device to guarantee no moving part was exposed. This was

done by laser cutting layers of acrylic to hold each gear and shaft until only the back

end of the generator was exposed. These components were also weld glued together.

The back of the generator was then housed in an acrylic box composed of 5 laser cut

pieces of acrylic, glued together. The final assembled device can be seen, from front

and back angles, in figure 12.

Figure 11: Nozzle

Figure 12: Completed Prototype

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5) Testing

5.1 Test Procedure and Plan

The team ran tests on the prototype to measure the angular speed of the generator shaft which

helped give an accurate prediction of the power output of the system. This test also helped the

team fine tune the design to acquire optimal performance during use. The team also ran a test

using different turbine designs and observed how the shape of turbine blades affects angular

speed of the shaft. From this the team determined which turbine design best converted the water

force into torque. The housing was then assembled around the shaft and the output voltage of the

generator was measured while the assembly was connected to a faucet. The voltage out with un-

nozzled flow, nozzled flow, and different gear ratios with and without a nozzle was also tested to

determine the best combination for the design. The team also tested the outlet flow rate after the

design was finalized. To perform these tests the team needed a stopwatch, small weights and a

voltmeter. The voltmeter is connected to the generator to measure the output voltage over a 10

ohm resister.

5.2 Test Results and Discussion of Results

Results of Turbine Shape Tests:

The team ran this test on two shapes of turbine, one with flat blades and one of the same size

with slightly curved blades. To perform this test the team placed the turbine and shaft under a

stream of water and timed how long it took for the system to lift a weight to a height of 23 cm.

After a few trials with the straight-blade design the team switched to the curved-blade turbine.

The design with a curved blade pulled weights up a small, but noticeable amount of time faster.

Results of Nozzle Tests:

The team ran this test on three different sized nozzles to determine which would provide the

most force on the blades causing the fastest spin. Each nozzle was printed on the MakerBot and

was designed in a way that they were interchangeable. To perform this test, the team loaded a

nozzle into the inlet adapter on the device and connected it to the faucet. Then a 10 Ω resister

was connected to the generator and the voltage out was measured with a voltmeter for each run.

Each nozzle was tested on full faucet flow for 30 seconds and the average voltage out measured

by the voltmeter was recorded. Each nozzle was tested four times. After the experiment it was

clear that the nozzle that took the diameter from 0.30 in to 0.18 in was providing the most force

with an average of 1.13 V out. The full results from this experiment can be seen in Appendix H.

Results of Gear Tests:

The team ran this test on four different gear ratios to determine which would provide the fastest

spin transferred to the generator shaft. To perform this test, the team placed each gear in place on

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their respective shaft and then the device was connected to the faucet. Then, a 10 Ω resister was

connected to the generator and the voltage out was measured with a voltmeter for each run. Each

gear ratio was tested on full faucet flow for 30 seconds and the average voltage out measured

was recorded for each run. Each gearing pair was tested four times. After the experiment it was

clear that the 3:1 gear ratio spun the generator shaft the fastest with an average of 1.80 V out.

The full results from this experiment can be seen in Appendix H.

Results of Flow Rate Test:

To perform this test, a bucket was placed under the faucet to be used and filled to a certain level

clearly marked inside the bucket. The team timed how long it took the faucet to fill the bucket to

this line and then connected the device. With the device connected, the time to fill the bucket

was observed and compared with the time without the device connected. The experiment found

that with the device attached to the faucet the outlet flow rate is 76.2% of the inlet flow rate,

meeting the customer need.

6) Conclusion and Recommendations:

This product was designed to appeal to the average American household by being ecofriendly

and inexpensive. It fulfils the customer needs in a simple and elegant design. The design is small

and attaches easily to an existing faucet. Water can easily be kept out of the generator housing

and when manufactured with translucent acrylic, the inner mechanisms can be seen working. The

device is reliable and self-contained giving it the potential to last several years and will cost

under $50. The product can be easily assembled from inexpensive and easily manufactured parts.

Although there are existing patents for a faucet generator, this product does not infringe on any

of them given its unique design. The product is not only feasible but marketable and with only a

fraction of the potential market, this product stands to make a substantial profit.

With more time and resources, group D’s faucet generator could be improved further to compete

with its competitors. The shell could be made with two separate faces which could be molded

and then glued together. This will not only make mass production easier, but also all of the parts

can be manufactured to lock in place ensuring proper alignment quickly. Less clearance could be

given in the shell for the turbine to spin forcing more of the water out and preventing flooding in

the device. During the alpha and beta prototype phase, acrylic was used heavily since it was

freely available and could be easily cut on the laser cutter. In a full scale production, better

materials could be used that would be more reliable and easily manufactured. After the upgrades

to the prototype are made, the economic viability of this design will improve greatly. Many parts

can be inexpensively produced using a molding process and an assembly line to assemble the

parts quickly and efficiently.

From this project, group D learned the difficulty in designing and manufacturing a new product.

At first we underestimated the time that would be needed to create a working prototype. A lot of

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time was spent both in the learning factory making the parts of the products and in the computer

lab designing and fixing failures so that the product would meet the requirements.

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References:

[1] “Total Number of U.S. Households - Statistic Brain.” 2013 Statistic Brain Research Institute,

publishing as Statistic Brain. 2/28/2014, http://www.statisticbrain.com/u-s-household-

statistics/

[2] “Sylvania Water-Powered Directional Showerhead and LED Light Combination Makes

Showering Safe and Energy Efficient (No Batteries or Wires).” 2014 SMARTHOMETM

.

2/29/13, http://www.smarthome.com/46214/Sylvania-LED-Ecolight-Water-Powered-

Shower-Light-72450/p.aspx

[3] “Self Sustaining Faucets.” 2013 TOTO USA, Inc. 2/29/14, http://www.totousa.com/Green

/Products/EcoPowerFaucets.aspx

[4] “Faucet Generator, US 7919877 B2.” 2012 IFI CLAIMS Patent Services. 3/1/14,

http://www.google.com/patents/US7919877

[5] Myer, Ezrin, “Plastices failure guide: cause and prevention” Hanser Verlag, 1996. ISBN 1-

56990-184-8, p. 168.

[6] “Properties of PVC(polyvinyl chloride) sheet.” 2012 Quingdao Jitai Plastic Machinery

Co.,Ltd. http://www.jt-extrudermachine.com/pvc_polyvinyl_chloride_sheet.htm

[7] “Advantages of Laser Cutting” 2014 LaserMicronics.

http://www.lasermicronics.com/services/laser-cutting/advantages.htm

[8] “Underwriters Laboratories.” 2014 UL LLC. http://www.ul.com/global/eng/pages/

[9] “Product Submittal Process FAQ.” 2014 UL LLC.

http://www.ul.com/global/eng/pages/offerings/perspectives/newtoul/productsubmittalpro

cess/

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Appendix A: Project Management

Jack Wise: Team Leader, Design Sketcher, Writer

Garrett Rowe: Team Recorder, Turbine Designer, CAD Artist, Writer

Jinghuan Tang: Team Researcher, Writer

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Appendix B: Theoretical Analysis

Faucet Info Value Units Equation

Pressure 50 psi

344737 Pa

Flow Rate 1.8384 gal/min

1.16E-04 m^3/s Power 38.98 W =Pressure*Flow Rate

Resistance 10 ohm Voltage 19.995 V =√

Cost of Energy 0.0896 $/kW

Energy

143928 J = Power*time

0.03998 kWhr 3.62E-04 kWhr/gal

Generator Info Value Units Equation

Radius 0.15 in Height 80 in Resistance 10 ohm Torque * Nm = mass*radius*gravity

Rotation Speed * rad/s = height/(2π*radius*time)

Mechanical Power * W = torque*rotation speed

Electrical Power * W = voltage2/resistance

Efficiency * % = Electrical Power/ Mechanical Power

* Values shown in Appendix E: Generator Performance Data

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Appendix C: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP):

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Appendix D: Concept Selection Matrix

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Appendix E: Generator Performance Data

= Torque

= Efficiency

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Appendix F: Final Theoretical Analysis

Symbol Value Equation

Diameter of inlet Φinlet 0.68 in

Area of inlet Ainlet 1.97 in2

Flow rate Q 424.67 in3/s

Power from faucet Power 39.98 W

Water velocity at inlet V0 215.59 in/s

Time to hit turbine t 0.005768 s

Water velocity at turbine V 18.059 ft/s

Area of turbine blade Ablade 0.258 in2

Water Pressure on turbine P 23.9 psi

Force on turbine F 6.17 lb

Torque T 4.85 inlb

Angular velocity of turbine w 72.96 rad/s

458.42 RPM

Predicted output voltage* Vout 0.4 V

Angular velocity after 4:1 gearing wgeared 291.84 rad/s

1833.68 RPM

Predicted output voltage* Vout,geared 1.8 V

*Values predicted from generator performance data

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Appendix G: Detailed Drawings

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25

26

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Appendix H: Nozzle/Gear Test Data

Nozzle:

Diameter In (in)

Diameter Out (in)

Voltage Out (V)

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Average

none none 0.21 0.23 0.21 0.19 0.21

0.3 0.225 0.81 0.80 0.82 0.8 0.8075

0.3 0.18 1.15 1.11 1.13 1.12 1.1275

0.3 0.12 0.65 0.64 0.70 0.68 0.6675

Gears: (With Nozzle)

Gear Ratio Voltage Out (V)

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Average

5:1 0.41 0.39 0.34 0.4 0.385

2:1 1.11 1.15 1.13 1.14 1.1325

3:1 1.82 1.81 1.77 1.80 1.8

4:1 1.41 1.41 1.38 1.42 1.405

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Appendix I: Attestation of Work

Jack Wise: I was the team leader on this project. I helped keep the team organized and on task

throughout the design process, and helped set deadlines for smaller work so we could be ahead

of schedule. I drew all of the sketches for the design ideas and helped with brainstorming these

ideas. I helped tackle problems in designs and tried to come up with ideas that have not been

seen before. I helped Jinghuan with research and calculations. I also helped write and edit this

proposal. I composed the CAD drawings for the report, wrote and edited it and performed the

theoretical analyses on the system. I also helped build the beta prototype.

Garrett Rowe: I designed the turbine assembly in solid works. I also was the recorder for the

group in charge of meeting minutes. I created different charts such as the Gantt chart with

Jinghuan. Also, I helped Jinghuan with calculations for the project. I helped Jack with the

concept development and the brainstorming phase of the project. I also read over the proposal

and made corrections to the grammar and added additional material as needed.

Jinghuan Tang: I did the external research about similar products and related patent. I also

created AHP chart and concept selection matrix with Garrett and Jack. I helped Garrett with the

Gantt chart. I did calculation with Garrett and Jack. I also participated in the concept generation

discussion. I write some parts of the proposal, and keep adding new material into it, and make

changes when necessary.

By signing this document we all attest that it provides an accurate representation of our

individual efforts in the completion of this work. Date: May 6, 2014

Member name printed: Jack Wise Signature:

Member name printed: Garrett Rowe Signature:

Member name printed: Jinghuan Tang Signature: