mdt in trapping of brown - northeastipm.org · with mdt in trapping of brown ... guillermo cabrera...

Synergy of aggregation pheromone with MDT in trapping of brownwith MDT in trapping of brown

marmorated stink bug

Donald C. Weber, Ashot Khrimian USDA ARS Invasive Insect Biocontrol & Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland

T C L kTracy C. LeskeyUSDA ARS Applachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, West Virginia

Guillermo Cabrera WalshFundación para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Plautia stalid k bBrown‐winged green stink bug

ggregation pheromone is methyl (E E Z)‐2 4 6‐ggregation pheromone is methyl (E,E,Z) 2,4,6decatrienoate (MDT); produced by male and attractive to both males and femalesattractive to both males and females

MDT attracts other insects which do not produce it! Halyomorpha halysproduce it! Halyomorpha halys

Glaucias subpunctatus Chi i hilChinavia hilare+ several tachinid species

DT attracts other pentatomids which do not produce it. This cross‐attraction is not uncommon and includes other stink bug species; why?

food signal for polyphagous speciesg p yp g poverwintering site signalpromotes aggregation which passivelypromotes aggregation which passively

protects them from natural enemies

Halyomorpha halysBrown marmorated stink bug

Asian nativei t MDTresponsive to MDT

... but in most years,... but in most years, almost exclusively late in the season



... or, during outbreak... or, during outbreak years (axis is 60 vs. 10 to 30 in subsequent years)



... and occasionally in the... and occasionally in the early season

Halyomorpha halystures using black pyramid s baited with MDT (50mg)

Brown marmorated stink bugg

A & MD apple orchards, 2011Asian nativei t MDTresponsive to MDT

but usually onlybut usually only after harvestof apple crop,in late season

Halyomorpha halysBrown marmorated stink bugBrown marmorated stink bug

scovery & availability of BMSB pheromonein quantities useful for field bioassays by early 2012q y y y

H

* * *

10 11 1 bi b l 3 l

OHO * **

10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-oltotal 16 stereoisomers

SSRS RSRS

Halyomorpha halysBrown marmorated stink bugBrown marmorated stink bug

ith... knowledge of seasonally‐limited attraction of MDTnd... discovery & availability of BMSB pheromoney y p... an isomer mixture which we knew had comparable

attractiveness to pure isomers ...

e set up a simple factorial experiment:

BMSB pheromone (mixed isomers with ~2mg of SSRS)p ( g )

MDT (66mg)

BothBoth

Neither

bl k id MD 2012 13 d WV 2012 RCB l l )black pyramid traps, MD 2012‐13 and WV 2012, RCB layout, season‐long)

Halyomorpha halyse of pheromone together with MDT Brown marmorated stink bugtogether with MDT produces synergistic attraction ...

son

& s

ite

80 %

90 %

100 %

A A

ptur

es fo

r sea

s

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

A

A

A AA

*

*

** *

ge o

f tot

al c

ap

30 %

40 %

50 %

B

B

BB BB

BB

*

2 12 13 12 2 3

Perc

enta

g

0 %

10 %

20 %B

CD

C

D

B B

C

B

C

B

C

BC

Clt-W

V-2012

lt-MD-20

12

lt-MD-20

13

h-WV-20

12

h-MD-20

12

h-MD-20

13

Halyomorpha halyse of pheromone together with MDT Brown marmorated stink bugtogether with MDT produces synergistic attraction ...

son

& s

ite

80 %

90 %

100 %

A A#8

ptur

es fo

r sea

s

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

A

A

A AA

*

*

** *

ge o

f tot

al c

ap

30 %

40 %

50 %

B

B

BB BB

BB

*

2 12 13 12 2 3

Perc

enta

g

0 %

10 %

20 %B

CD

C

D

B B

C

B

C

B

C

BC

Clt-W

V-2012

lt-MD-20

12

lt-MD-20

13

h-WV-20

12

h-MD-20

12

h-MD-20

13

mprovement in captures (season‐long totals)mprovement in captures (season long totals) and Synergism (greater‐than‐additive) effectfrom use of combined pheromone plus MDT lures

mprovement in captures ^ (season‐long totals)compared to MDT alone

mprovement in captures (season long totals) and Synergism (greater‐than‐additive) effectfrom use of combined pheromone plus MDT lures

mprovement in captures ^ (season‐long totals)compared to pheromone alone

mprovement in captures (season long totals) and Synergism (greater‐than‐additive) effectfrom use of combined pheromone plus MDT lures

mprovement in captures (season‐long totals)mprovement in captures (season long totals) and Synergism (greater‐than‐additive effect)from use of combined pheromone plus MDT lures

Halyomorpha halysmbined lure is superior Brown marmorated stink bugover the entire season

for adults

90 %2012 BeltsvilleBMSB Adults

60 %

70 %

80 %

BMSB Adults

40 %

50 %

60 %

10 %

20 %

30 %

APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT0 %

Halyomorpha halysd l id Brown marmorated stink bugand also provides

superior season‐long attraction in nymphs

90 %

100 % Beltsville 2012BMSB Nymphs

attraction in nymphs

60 %

70 %

80 %

30 %

40 %

50 %

0 %

10 %

20 %

0 %APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT

son‐long performance of combined lureg pmple: Beltsville 2013 adult BMSB

son‐long performance of combined lureg pmple: Beltsville 2013 nymphal BMSB

Amongst nymphal stages and adults, season‐long differences are small

100 %

season long differences are smalldataset: Beltsville 2013

ife s

tage

80 %

90 %

100 %

capt

ures

in li

50 %

60 %

70 %

A B B CB

age

of to

tal c

30 %

40 %

50 %

Perc

enta

10 %

20 %

ii nymph iii nymph iv nymph v nymph Adult0 %

Amongst nymphal stages and adults, season‐long differences are small

100 %

season long differences are smalldataset: Beltsville 2013

ife s

tage

80 %

90 %

100 %

l &

capt

ures

in li

50 %

60 %

70 %

A B B CB

males &females similarlyattracted

age

of to

tal c

30 %

40 %

50 %

Perc

enta

10 %

20 %

ii nymph iii nymph iv nymph v nymph Adult0 %

mparison of captures for crude (#20) pheromone mixturersus pure isomers (SSRS + RSRS) with and without 66mg MDT

st 700

800

900 AA

Ad lt

rsus pure isomers (SSRS + RSRS) with and without 66mg MDT

27-d

ay te

s

500

600

700 Adults

ures

for 2

200

300

400

B B

C

Tota

l cap

tu

0

100

300 A A

C

NymphsT

DT DT PH PH nk

0

100

200AB B

C

y p

PH + MDT

PH + MDT

crud

e.PH

pure

.PH

blank

al.,

400500600700 a

abAug 9alys captures in pyramid ps with mixed‐isomer

0100200300400

Week

bc

c

ps with mixed‐isomer eromone lures of 0, 10, 100, and 1000mg (!),

ith 66 MDT

100150200250300350

s / Trap / W a

aab

b

Aug 16with 66mg MDT

st 2013, soybean, West Virginia

050

200250300

BMSB

adu

lts b

a

bAug 23

050

100150200

umbe

r of B

bbc

c

100150200250300N

u

aa

a

Aug 30

Control 10mg 100mg 1000mg0

50 a

Halyomorpha halysy p yBrown marmorated stink bug

distinct overwintering sites & behavior

tion on near‐natural stone monumentstone monument

attraction to outdoor lighting at a b i k b k b ildibrick bank building

Halyomorpha halysMurgantia histrionical i b Brown marmorated stink bugarlequin bug

ggregation pheromone for HQ bug “murgantiol” (Zahn et al. 2008)

tractive also to BMSB, as shown in preceding talk

ch species has pheromone with two stereoisomers; p p ;both have as most abundant, (3S,6S,7R,10S)‐10,11‐epoxy‐1‐bisabolen‐3‐ol

ut ... there are some KEY distinctions ...ut ... there are some KEY distinctions ...


Key distinctions:

2nd isomer is SSRR 2nd isomer is RSRS≠

plant specialist

orth American native

extreme generalist

Asian native

≠

≠

ot responsive to MDT

distinct overwintering

responsive to MDT

distinct overwintering

≠

≠distinct overwintering sites & behavior

distinct overwintering sites & behavior

≠


Key distinctions:

2nd isomer is SSRR 2nd isomer is RSRS≠

Murgantia histrionica: Harlequin bugplant specialist (Brassicaceae & Capparaceae)

50mini pyr trap

plant specialist (Brassicaceae & Capparaceae)(Wallingford et al. 2012)

ults

,w

eeks

40

mini-pyr.trap with plantmini-pyr.trap without plant

equi

n bu

g ad

uca

ptur

ed in

2 w

20

30

y = 2.05x; r2=.743; p=.0028

Har

leto

tal c

10y = 0.070x; r2=.572; p<.0001

mg loading of lure

0 20 40 60 80 1000

ong response to mixed isomer lure mg loading of lure

(0, 3, 10, 30, or 100mg without plant)(0 10 ith l t)

ong response to mixed‐isomer lurepecially in combination with host plant

Murgantia histrionicaHarlequin bug

Captures at trap collard plants with 4mg blends with varied isomer ratioHarlequin bug 7‐way field choice test 2‐9 July 2013

July

80

ures

2-9

J

40

60

tota

l cap

t

20

40

0purepure

SSRS SSRR

6:1 3:1 1:1 1:3 pureSSRR

pureSSRS

hallenges to understanding and application of t t id i h i l bi i tpentatomid semiochemicals – big picture

Knowledge of biology << knowledge of chemistry

Pheromone may have multiple functions depending on...

Other senses involved: visual and especially short‐range substrate‐borne vibrational

Species are polyphagous and highly mobile; need to consider wild hosts and entire [agro]ecosystemshosts and entire [agro]ecosystems

Additonal attractants: other species’ semiochemicals and also various phytochemicalsp y

Natural enemies respond to pheromones

Making pest suppression work: general challenges with managing g p pp g g g gtrap‐cropping or mass trapping

Next steps with BMSB pheromone research

Individual isomers: determine optimal ratios (howIndividual isomers: determine optimal ratios (how much increased dose compensates for off‐ratios)

Combined lures: determine optimal doses and ratioCombined lures: determine optimal doses and ratio of MDT to pheromone

Trap design including toxin‐free modelsTrap design, including toxin‐free models

Making pest suppression work: implement trap‐cropping and/or mass trapping while protectingcropping and/or mass trapping, while protecting natural enemies and other non‐targets

Thank you!Thank you!

We thank Michael Athanas, Anthony DiMeglio, and Matthew Klein (Maryland) and Johnand Matthew Klein (Maryland) and John Cullum, Sean Wiles and Torri Hancock (West Virginia) for pheromone trap field collection

h h h band sorting through the MANY bugs and experiments. Partial support for this study was from USDA, National Institute of Food andfrom USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant #2011‐51181‐30937.


We thank Michael Athanas, Anthony DiMeglio, and Matthew Klein (Maryland) and Johnand Matthew Klein (Maryland) and John Cullum, Sean Wiles and Torri Hancock (West Virginia) for pheromone trap field collection


deck the halls!


We thank Michael Athanas, Anthony DiMeglio, and Matthew Klein (Maryland) and John

What the...?

and Matthew Klein (Maryland) and John Cullum, Sean Wiles and Torri Hancock (West Virginia) for pheromone trap field collection


deck the halls!

mdt in trapping of brown - northeastipm.org · with mdt in trapping of brown ... guillermo cabrera...

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