mdgs and health
TRANSCRIPT
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The MillenniumDevelopment Goals
Post Graduate Diploma in Development Evaluation, UCU,
September 2012
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Topic Outline
1. Introduction2. Background to the MDGs3. The MDGs4. MDG,s and Health5. Progress on the health related MDG’s6. Resources for Updates
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Introduction
• The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)• Setting the development agenda “a
framework for the entire UN system to work coherently towards a common end”• developed in consultation with developing
countries• reflecting the multi-dimensional nature of
development
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2. Background to the MDGs
September 2000 – UN Millennium Summit World leaders – 140 signed up to set of time bound and measurable goals and targets for combating• poverty• Hunger• disease• illiteracy• environmental degradation• discrimination against women• 8 Goals and 18 Targets
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3. The MDGs
• Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and• hunger• Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the• proportion of people whose income is less
than• $1 a day.• Target 2: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the• proportion of people who suffer from hunger.
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Exercise
1. Discuss the rationale of the MDG’s 2. Identify weaknesses' of the MDG framework
and argument3. Review the frame work while making
suggestions
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• Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education• Target 3: Ensure that, by 2015, children• everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able
to complete a full course of primary schooling.• Goal 3: Promote gender equality and• empower women• Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary• and secondary education, preferably by 2005
and• in all levels of education no later than 2015
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• Goal 4: Reduce child mortality• Target 5: Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990• and 2015, the under-five mortality rate.
• Goal 5: Improve maternal health• Target 6: Reduce by three-quarters, between• 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio.
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• Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other• diseases• Target 7: Have halted by 2015 and begun to• reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS.• Target 8: Have halted by 2015 and begun to• reverse the incidence of malaria and other
major• diseases.
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• Target 14: Address the special needs of• landlocked countries and small island developing• states.• Target 15: Deal comprehensively with the debt• problems of developing countries through
national• and international measures in order to make debt• sustainable in the long term• Target 16: In cooperation with developing• countries, develop and implement strategies for• decent and productive work for youth.
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• Target 17: In cooperation with pharmaceutical• companies, provide access to affordable
essential• drugs in developing countries.• Target 18: In cooperation with the private
sector,• make available the benefits of new
technologies,• especially information and communications• technologies.
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MDGS AND HEALTH
The Millennium Development Goals (MDG), which emerged from the United Nations Millennium Summit in 2000, is increasingly recognized as the over-arching development framework.
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Exercise
• Discuss the opportunities and challenges for health in the MDG’s
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Opportunities for health in the MDG’s
1. They provide a common set of priorities on how to tackle poverty.
• This unprecedented level of agreement between national governments,
• international agencies • and the United Nations system• helps to ensure that the needs of poor people
remain at the top of the development agenda.
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2. Health is at the heart of the MDG’s , with the recognition that better health is central to the global agenda of reducing poverty as well as an important measure of human well-being in its own right.
3. They set quantifiable and ambitious targets against which to measure progress. • These provide an indication of whether efforts to
improve health are on track, • and a means of holding decision-makers to account.
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4. It’s possible to calculate what it would probably cost to achieve the MDG, • and this, in turn, draws attention to the
massive funding gap between what is available and what is needed.
5. The eighth goal calls for a global partnership for development,• recognizing that there are certain actions rich
countries must take if poor countries are to achieve goals 1 to 7
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Challenges for health in the MDG’s 1. The need to strengthen health systems. • Without more efficient and equitable health
systems, • countries will not be able to scale up the
programmes for disease prevention and control that are required to meet the specific health goals — of reducing child and maternal mortality and rolling back HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and
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• 2. health is prioritized within overall development and economic policies.
• This means looking beyond the health system and addressing the broad determinants of ill health — low levels of education,
• poverty, • unequal gender relations, • high-risk behaviours, • and an unhealthy environment — • as well as raising the profile of health within
national processes for poverty reduction and government reform.
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3. To develop health strategies that respond to the diverse and evolving needs of countries. • The MDG indicate desirable outcomes in
terms of overall improvements in human wellbeing.
• This means designing cost-effective strategies to address those diseases and conditions that account for the greatest share of the burden of disease, now and in the future.
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4. To mobilize more resources for health in poor countries. Currently, low-income countries cannot ‘afford’ the MDG and aid is not filling the gap. • There has been a sharp increase in
development, however there is still a big funding gap for the developing world to achieve their targets
• The United Nations Millennium Project recently estimated that meeting all the MDG would require an estimated U.S.$135,000 million of official development assistance in 2006, rising to U.S.$195,000 million by 2015.
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• To improve the quality of health data in order
to measure each country’s progress towards the MDG.
• At a global level, the demonstration of progress can help to generate further resources and sustain political momentum for health-sector investment.
• At country level, reliable information can help ensure that polices are correctly orientated and targeted at those most in need.
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Progress on the health related MDG’s
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Exercise
• Compare Uganda’s progress to other countries in the same region
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Resources
• Annual updates• UN• www.un.org/millenniumgoals• Progress Chart:• http://mdgs.un.org• Cyber SchoolBus• http://www.un.org/Pubs/CyberSchoolBus