mdch body art licensing program - michigan...reasons for seeking a tattoo include rebellion, the...
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MDCH Body Art Licensing Program
Michael Kucab, RS,REHS, MPH
IntroductionTattoos have quickly become one of the fastest growing industries in the United States. For many years body art was seen as taboo; something associated with gang culture, foreign customs, or low socio‐economic class.. Tattoos can range from a simple depiction of a person's individuality to more elaborate displays immortalizing the memory of an event or loved one.
Interviews with individuals who have tattoos reveal that common reasons for seeking a tattoo include rebellion, the need for independence, and the desire to fit in with their peers. Similar reasons are given for body piercing and other forms of body art.
Forms of body art procedures mostly done in Michigan licensed body art facilities and defined in the law PA 375 are tattooing, piercing and branding.
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Annual amount of U.S. spending on tattoos $1.65 BillionTotal percent of Americans (all ages) who have at least one tattoo 14 %
Percentage of U.S. adults 18 – 25 who have at least one tattoo 36 %
Percentage of U.S. adults 26 – 40 who have at least one tattoo 40 %
Total number of Americans that have at least one tattoo 45 million
Number of tattoo parlors in the U.S. 21,000
Average cost of a small tattoo $ 45
Average cost of a large tattoo $150 / hour
Percentage of U.S. population who have covered up a tattoo with another tattoo 5 %
Percentage of people with tattoos who claim they are addicted to ink 32 %
Percentage of people who have some regret after getting their tattoo 17 %
Percentage of people with a tattoo who are getting or have had one removed 11 %
Factors Considered When Getting A Tattoo
Percentage of people with tattoos who think the reputation of tattoo artist or tattoo studio is the most important factor 49 %
Percentage of people with tattoos who think price is the most important factor 8 %
Percentage of people with tattoos who think a tattoo with a personal meaning is the most important factor 43 %
How People Feel About Their Tattoo
Total percentage of people with tattoos who say their tattoo makes them feel rebellious 29 %
Percentage of people with a tattoo that say it makes them feel more sexy 31 %
Percentage of people with tattoos who say their tattoo makes them feel more intelligent 5 %
Tattoo Styles :Photorealist
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Biomechanical
Surrealist
Fine line black and gray
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Tribal
Asian
Traditional American
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Flash
Tribal design found on a 2500 year old Siberian Princess mummy.
One version of the International Ironman Triathlon Tattoo
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Tattoos in Sports: Detroit Tiger Brandon Inge
Super Bowl 49 ers Quarterback Colin Kaepernick
Louisville Point Guard Peyton Siva
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Ohio State QB Braxton Miller
Other Body Art Procedures: Piercing
Cosmetic/Permanent Makeup
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Branding
Dermal Anchors
Scarification
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Scarification body art procedure.
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Public Acts to Regulate Body Art in Michigan
• Public Act 149 of 2007 amended the Public Health Code to establish a statewide system for the licensure and regulation of facilities that perform tattooing, branding, and body piercing.
• MDCH in conjunction with MIOSHA, MDEQ and a Body Art Workgroup, composed of local public health and members of the body art industry, created a set of minimum standards to regulate the body art industry statewide.
• PA 149 was later amended on 12/22/2010 as PA 375 in order to compensate LHDs for regulatory work performed for the state.
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Key Points to Remember
There are no national standards for equipment used in body art studios like those in food serve (i.e. NSF). Equipment used must follow manufacture directions. Autoclaves must produce negative spore tests to assure sterility.
Tattoo inks are not FDA regulated. The color pigments used in them are but not once adulterated in inks.
Body art facility site plans are unique and individual. There is no standardization in the layout of a body art facility other than the facility requirements delineated in the MDCH Requirements for Body Art Facilities.
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INFECTIONSMRSA
HOSTTattoo ArtistPiercerClient
ENVIRONMENTEquipmentBarrier FilmAutoclaveHand HygieneWork AreaPPE
AGENTInk or needle
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MODEL ON SKIN INFECTIONS
CDC‐MMWR Weekly June 23, 2006/ 55(24):677‐679
Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureusSkin Infections Among Tattoo Recipients‐‐‐Ohio, Kentucky, and Vermont, 2004—2005Community‐associated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureaus (CA‐MRSA)…outbreaks have occurred among athletes, inmates at correctional facilities, and military recruits (2‐4). This report summarizes investigations of six unlinked cluster of skin and soft tissue infections caused by CA‐MRSA among 44 recipients of tattoos from 13 unlicensed tattooists in three states (Ohio, Kentucky, and Vermont); use of nonsterile equipment and suboptimal infection control practices were identified as potential causes of the infections………..
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Papules Associated with Tattoo Ink–Related Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection.
LeBlanc PM et al. N Engl J Med 2012;367:985-987.
Skin Infection Photos
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Where would be safer ?
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In Conclusion:• The MDCH Body Art Licensing Program is a newly created regulatory program for MDCH that is still evolving to meet unexpected shortfalls through the passage and implementation of PA 375.
• Communicable Disease and Environmental Health working together to investigate body art facility complaints can lead to sound epidemiological data for improving minimum standards of operation.
• To lower morbidity locally, an awareness campaign would highlight the danger of unlicensed tattoo artists to local prosecutors, law enforcement agencies and medical care providers.
CONTACT INFORMATION
Michael Kucab, RS, REHS, MPHMDCH Body Art Licensing
[email protected] [email protected]‐517‐335‐8165
Body Art Licensing and Informational Website address:www.michigan.gov/bodyart