May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 1

ILA - GAUSS Standardization Group Update

Presented by

Robert W. Lilley, Ph. D.

Co-SecretaryContact: rlilley@illgen.com

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 2

GAUSS Background (1) Global AUgmentation of Satellite Systems

Created by Northwest Europe Loran System (NELS) consortium

NELS, with HQ in Oslo, is a treaty organisation of Denmark, Ireland, France, Germany, Norway and The Netherlands.

Formed GAUSS in January, 2000

Tasked to revise ITU-R M.589-2 to include data transmission

Includes both Loran-C and Chayka

"Technical Characteristics of Methods of Data Transmission and Interference Protection for Radionavigation Services in the Frequency Bands Between 70 and 130 kHz" (www.itu/int/rec/recommendation)

Standardises 3-level pulse position data transmission modulation (Eurofix)

Includes a standards placeholder for other data-link designs

Revised standard accepted by ITU -- now ...-3Provides a world-wide standard for the technology

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 3

GAUSS Background (2) Global AUgmentation of Satellite Systems

Once ITU-R M.589-2 was completed, GAUSS identified new work

Integrated radio navigation services using Loran-C/Chayka

Includes data communications outside NELS coverage and political boundaries

Gauss sought an independent international organisation as host

Facilitates standardisation work with states world-wide

Representatives from eight countries in Europe, North America, Asia.

The International Loran Association (ILA) was approachedSpecific interest in Loran-C/Chayka services for land, sea and air worldwide ILA agreed to host Gauss, endorsing its expanded charter

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 4

Scope

Integrated navigation and timing systems

Using Loran-C/Chayka technologies

Both the transmitting and the receiving elements

All transportation modes plus timingMaritime, aviation & land users

Positioning/navigation and communications applications

All stakeholders

Service providers, administrations, manufacturers and users

Global approachAllows for regional adaptations

Provides guidance, promotes standardisation

Facilitates regulation, cooperation, harmonization

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 5

GAUSS Goals

To facilitate development of performance standards for submission to relevant international fora

To facilitate standardisation by providing relevant documentation and expertise to the relevant international standardization fora

To provide information and guidance to interested parties

The general publicThe potential usersManufacturersAdministrationsService providersPolicy makers

To encourage the development of integrated radio navigation system equipment that incorporates Loran-C/Chayka technologies

To encourage system providers to improve their existing systems by introducing enhanced features while preserving backward compatibility with existing Loran-C/Chayka technology

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 6

Participants

GAUSS is inclusiveRecognise the value of radionavigation and timing systems using Loran-C/Chayka technologies

Public providers

Manufacturers of transmitting and receiving equipment

Administrations and organisations with an interest in these systems

Users of these systems.

Membership in ILA is not required for participation in GAUSS

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 7

What Does GAUSS Do?(See ILA radionavigation policy at http://www.loran.org)

GAUSS implements elements of ILA Radionavigation Position"We did a good thing when we retained Loran-C, reversing earlier plans"

"We need it now, more than ever"

"It's not your father's Loran-C any more"

From "ILA radionavigation policy"

Integrated systems need Loran-C in a satellite and terrestrial mix

ILA advocates orderly progression in all regions worldwide

Loran-C + data communications is necessary and critical to the future mix

Benefits accrue when these systems are used in concert.

Recent analyses and events re-validated the long-standing policy

GAUSS standards proposed for regional/international use

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 8

Recent Meetings

Fifth meeting: Bonn Germany, February 22-23, 2001Completion of draft ITU-R M.589-2 revisions as assigned by NELS

Sixth meeting: St Germain en Laye, France October 11-12, 2001

First meeting as special committee of ILA and with expanded TOR

Stand by for news of upcoming events...

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 9

Everything Changed…or did it?

The Volpe Vulnerability Report on GPS:"Volume 4" of the chronicle of the evolution away from Sole-Means GPS

GPS still the centerpiece in the US, and available to the world

Response to Volpe report from agencies with safety-critical applications

Non-satellite alternatives desirable, and required in some applications

Not a safety-policy change, but one of implementation

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 10

Navigation's Larger Picture

In the US:DOT working group is preparing a requirements matrix

System performance as a member of a system of systems

Determine the best mix of systems

Change: Aviation required to dispatch with two dissimilar systems

Change: Upgraded Loran-C can "play" -- positioning and timing

Upgrades in transmitting and receiving elements

Aviation needs instrument approach performance

Data transmission will be desirable

In Europe:Moves toward Galileo underway

Consideration of dissimilar integrated navigation services may follow.

For international seamlessness where it's possible/desirable, standards are needed. GAUSS supports standards.

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 11

The US prepares to decide...

From FAA ASD Presentation "Overview of Satellite Navigation Transition"

CAASD Industry Day with Users May 7, 2002

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 12

GAUSS Activity update: Sixth meeting

Received reports from representativesRTCM SC-104

IALA

IEC TC-80 Working Group - test development arm of IMO

SOLAS

Recognized differences between Eurofix and U.S. LDCTechnical and standardization

Recognized receiver advances

Modern signal processing, less hardware, more software

GPS - like "all-in-view" processing emphasized

Recognized system advances

Modern Loran/Chayka can perform better existing standards require

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 13

Tighten up?

…and if so, how much?

Some Loran/Chayka systems routinely exceed standards, or are capable of performing considerably better than existing standards require.

How much "headroom" can be captured for enhanced user performance?

Must retain system provider flexibility, to protect availability

GAUSS designated authors for a Technical Information Paper and companion Executive Summary, to make visible the current technical status of Loran-C/Chayka systems.

A basis for the debate and discussion...

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 14

The Loran-C / Chayka Technical Information Paper

Executive Summary and TIP are in editing now.For completion at GAUSS seventh meeting, June, 2002

Provide technically-correct information for a wide audience

Look for final drafts for comment on ILA, GAUSS web sites

(www.loran.org / www.gauss.tudelft.nl)

Describe the systems, and call out regional differences

Seek to standardize transmissions where possible Position, timing and digital data

International scope

EmphasisLoran-C data transmission methods

A path toward specifications for enhanced performance

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 15

TIP Summary

"Loran C and Chayka Services for the 21st Century"Background

Loran-C and Chayka in the US, Northwest Europe (NELS),

Far East RadioNavigation Service (FERNS), and

Other regional services (Canada, Saudi Arabia, Russia)

User EquipmentDevelopment encouraged, but awaits US DOT 2002 announcement

Provider commitments to the system needed in US, Europe, elsewhere

All-in-view, new methods for ASF corrections - Wales, US studies

Interference, CDMA (cross-rate), H-field antennas; skywaveperformance improved by DSP

Improvements to InfrastructureU.S. Program underway - clocks, timing, automated integrity alarm

Potential for GPS/WAAS and Loran_C control functions broadcasts

Loran-C sans SAMs? - U.S. considering TOE or selectable-reference options

May 15, 2002 RTCM 2002 Annual Assembly GAUSS Update 16

GAUSS Next Meetings

Seventh meeting: Regensburg, Germany June 10, 2002(The meeting is one day before the DGON Symposium "Integration of LORAN-C/EUROFIX and EGNOS/Galileo" (http://www.dgon.de/content/index.htm) to be held on June 11 and 12 in Regensburg.)

One-day meeting - begins 10:00 Completion of Loran-C/Chayka Technical Information Paper and Executive Summary

Planning for future workYou are welcome - contact Chair, G.Offermans@reelektronika.nl

Eighth meeting: Washington, DC, October 27 and 31, 2002Associated with the annual meeting of the International Loran Association

Information will be posted at http://www.loran.org