maximizing energy savings with new technologies in lighting and lighting controls
TRANSCRIPT
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Maximizing Energy Savings with New Technologies in Lighting and Lighting Controls
Mike Matour, National Sales Manager - Energy
Lutron Electronics
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Agenda
• FEMP Promising Technologies
• Today’s Lighting Controls
• Why Controls?
• New Technologies - Wireless Solutions
• New Technologies - Advanced Controls
• LEDs – How to control?
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#1
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Single Zone Lighting Controls
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Multi-Zone Lighting Controls
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Advanced Lighting & HVAC Control Systems
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Total Light Management
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8 Simple Light Control Strategies / ECMs
Occupancy/Vacancy Sensing: Automatically turn lights off or
dim down when space is vacant. Integrate HVAC locally/digitally.
Daylight Harvesting: Automatically adjust light levels based on
the amount of daylight in the space.
Scheduling: Lights automatically turn off or are dimmed at certain
times of the day or based on sunrise or sunset.
High end trim/Tuning: Set target light level based on occupant
requirements in the space.
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Controllable Window Shades: Allows users to control daylight for
reduced solar heat gain and glare.
Personal Light Control: Allow users in the space to select the
correct light levels for the desired task.
Demand Response: Reducing lighting load at times of peak
electricity pricing. Reduce HVAC load at Peak Times.
Plug-load Control: Automatically turning task lighting and other
plug loads off when they are not needed.
8 Simple Light Control Strategies / ECMs (cont)
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Why Lighting Controls?
• Tuning / Dimming
• Occupant Sensing
• Day-lighting
• Personal Control
• HVAC Savings
• Window Shading
• Demand Response
• Plug Load Control
• Productivity
• Maintenance
• Sustainability/LEED
• Property Value
• Flexibility
Quantifiable Other Benefits
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Total Light Management - Case Study
New York Times
•Measured LPD, Lighting Power
Density
– Designed at 1.28 W/ft2
– Operating at 0.36 W/ft2
•Seasonal data reflects yearly
lighting energy savings of 72%
•Annual Energy Savings:
5,220 MWh
10.7 kWh/ft2
“We designed our building to use 1.28
watts per square foot of lighting power,”
Hughes said. “With Quantum, The New
York Times Company is using only 0.36”“Glenn Hughes, Director of Construction for the
New York Times Building”
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Data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
What data exists to support 15%-70% savings?
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Daylight Harvesting
What data exists to support 20%-40% savings?
•51% lighting energy savings
Sidelighting Photocontrols Field Study.Heschong Mahone, 2003
•24% savings in open and private offices
The Potential Simplified Concepts for Daylight Harvesting. Lighting Research Center;
http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/programs/daylighting/pdf/simplifiedConcepts.pdf
•40% lighting energy savings
Sidelighting – Daylighting Requirements for Sidelit Areas near Windows. July 2006, PG&E
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Dimming
High-end Tuning/Dimming Savings
• High End Trim (programmed at install) 20%- 40% • Light Level Tuning (managed by area) 10%- 20%
Plug LoadsTotal of All Product Stand-by Loads•100% during After hours•% of Occupancy during Normal Hours
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Personal Control
Personal Dimming Control: 10%
What data exists to support 10% savings?
• Light Right Consortium and National Research Council of Canada –
15% energy savings with a sample size of over 500 people
• Individual Lighting Control: Task Performance Mood & Illuminance:
Lighting Research Center.
• http://www.lrc.rpi.edu/resources/pdf/67-1999.pdf : 35-42% savings
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UFC – Energy Savings
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GSA PBS-P100
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21
Peak Savings versus Energy Savings
Without Lighting Controls*
*Lighting power base on typical lighting load profile according to ASHRAE lighting schedules. Cooling power based on
a minimum coefficient of performance of 3, which is not reached until mid-day.
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22
Peak Savings versus Energy Savings
*Lighting power profile derived from 10 typical Lutron projects ranging in location from New York City,
Portland, Boston, and Philadelphia. Cooling power based on a minimum coefficient of performance
of 3, which is not reached until mid-day.
Add Occupancy Sensing/Timeclock*
~10kW
~15kW
Lighting Energy Savings 30%
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23
Peak Savings versus Energy Savings
*Lighting power profile derived from 10 typical Lutron projects ranging in location from New York City, Portland, Boston, and
Philadelphia. Cooling power based on a minimum coefficient of performance of 3, which is not reached until mid-day.
Add Dimming Lighting Controls*
~70kW
~20kW
Lighting Energy Savings 60%
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Time12 midnight 12 midnight
Lighting Power Used
1W/sf
Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kWh / sf
12 noon
Potential Energy Savings
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Time
Lighting Power Used
1W/sf
Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kWh / sfAnnual energy consumption ≈ 5 kWh / sf (scheduling)
12 midnight 12 midnight12 noon
Potential Energy Savings
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Time
Lighting Power Used
1W/sf
Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kWh / sfAnnual energy consumption ≈ 5 kWh / sf (scheduling)Annual energy consumption ≈ 4 kWh / sf (occ.sens.)
12 midnight 12 midnight12 noon
Potential Energy Savings
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Time
Lighting Power Used
1W/sf
Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kWh / sfAnnual energy consumption ≈ 5 kWh / sf (scheduling)Annual energy consumption ≈ 4 kWh / sf (occ.sens.)Annual energy consumption ≈ 3 kWh / sq (+tuning)
12 midnight 12 midnight12 noon
Potential Energy Savings
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Time
Lighting Power Used
1W/sf
Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kWh / sfAnnual energy consumption ≈ 5 kWh / sf (scheduling)Annual energy consumption ≈ 4 kWh / sf (occ.sens.)Annual energy consumption ≈ 3 kWh / sq (+tuning)Annual energy consumption < 2 kWh / sf (+daylight)
12 midnight 12 midnight12 noon
Potential Energy Savings
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Time
Lighting Power Used
1W/sf
Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kWh / sfAnnual energy consumption ≈ 5 kWh / sf (scheduling)Annual energy consumption ≈ 4 kWh / sf (occ.sens.)Annual energy consumption ≈ 3 kWh / sq (+tuning)Annual energy consumption < 2 kWh / sf (+daylight)
12 midnight 12 midnight12 noon
< 1.5 kWh / sf (+personal)
Potential Energy Savings
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Time
Lighting Power Used
1W/sf
Annual energy consumption = 8.76 kWh / sfAnnual energy consumption ≈ 5 kWh / sf (scheduling)Annual energy consumption ≈ 4 kWh / sf (occ.sens.)Annual energy consumption ≈ 3 kWh / sq (+tuning)Annual energy consumption < 2 kWh / sf (+daylight)
12 midnight 12 midnight12 noon
< 1.5 kWh / sf (+personal)< 1.1 kWh / sf (+demand)
Potential Energy Savings
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Application – Private Office
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Application - Classroom
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Application – Conference Room
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Adaptive Corridors – University Study
“A wireless lighting control system reduced lighting energy
use 68%...”
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LED Stairwell
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Application: HVAC Integration
• Occ sensor indicates room occupancy to VAV terminal unit to connect/disconnect room from HVAC system
• CCO on the PowPak relay can also be used in this way
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Application Outlet Control
Application
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Individual Wireless Fixture ControllerBelow the Ceiling Above the Ceiling
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Wireless Fixtures
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Wireless Fixtures
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Central and Area Networking
BACnet
integration
Energy
reporting
Automatic
demand
response
Central
timeclock
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Connect your wireless Controls
Wireless Router
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Connect your wireless Controls
Time Clock: Sweep on – 7 a.m.
Wireless Router
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Connect your wireless Controls
Connects your
wireless productsAutomatic demand response:
Lights dim
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Connect your Wireless Controls
Connects your
wireless products Monitor energy
savings
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Connect your Wireless Controls
Time Clock: Sweep off – 8
p.m.
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Central Control BMS Integration Building/energy management
systems (BMS/EMS)
Audio & video
Energy dashboards &
analytics packages
Maintenance & work order
management systems
HVAC
Fire & safety
Access & security
IT
Metering
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Mobile Access
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Automated Scheduling and Alerts
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Predict Success with Management Reports
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Thank You
Questions?
Thank you,
Michael Matour
610 597 8942
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• LED Advantages / Limitations
• LED Technologies
• LED Control Types – Drivers
• Dimming Technologies
LED Controls and Drivers
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What is an LED?
• LED – Light Emitting Diode – Solid State Lighting
• First practical use in the 1960’s
– Indicators, panel displays, 7 segment displays
• Widely used for general lighting today
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED
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LED Advantages
• Longevity
– Useful life (L70) of 25,000 to >50,000 hours
• Reduced maintenance costs
• <1,000 for incandescent or 3-6,000 for Halogen
• Requires a driver of equally long life!
• Environmentally friendly
– No hazardous materials
• Mercury vapor in CFL lamps
• Lead-free
• Immediate light output
– No delay or warm up
• Excellent cold-weather performance
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LED Advantages
• Color temperature
– Available 2,700K to 4,500K
• Color rendition
– Greater than 90 CRI available
– Some spec sheets now state R9 values
(>0 = good)
• Color stability over time and temperature
– Depends on quality of LED module and
phosphor application
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LED Limitations
• Higher first cost
– LEDs for general illumination are (still) expensive
– LEDs require a driver to convert AC to discrete DC (similar to need for
ballasts for fluorescent or transformers for low voltage)
• Thermal Management
– Heat must be conducted away from
LEDs effectively by the fixture or lamp design
• Confusing/inconsistent literature and specs
– Information about dimming varies widely and is sometimes missing
completely!
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LED Limitations
• Controls compatibility
– Dimmable fixtures may have
unknown or poor performance
– Not all LEDs are dimmable
• Application-specific challenges
– No one style is universally accepted
– High amount of product variation
– Inexperienced manufacturers / exaggerated claims
• Color consistency
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What type of LED product am I using?
LED Bulbs/T8 LED
• Designed to replace standard
incandescent, screw-in CFL bulbs,
or linear T8s
• Integral drivers determine
dimming performance (if
dimmable)
LED Fixtures
• Variable in purpose (cove lights, down
lights, 2x2, etc.)
• Usually have an external driver,
selected by the OEM mounted as part
of the fixture housing
• OEMs offer multiple driver options to
support different control technologies
and applications (dim vs. non-dim, 0-
10V vs. DALI)
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Dimmed
Hot
What control type do I need?
Line Voltage Dimming - Forward Phase analog • Most common dimming method (150 million dimmers in use)
– Designed for resistive (incandescent, halogen) or magnetic low-voltage (MLV) loads
– Installed base not intended for LEDs, performance issues and compatibility problems
likely
Hot
(120/220/277V)
Neutral
0 90 180 270 360
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What control type do I need?
Line Voltage Dimming - Reverse Phase Analog
– Typically used for ELV loads, sometimes perform better with LEDs
– Less likelihood of acoustic noise due to no repetitive peak current
– Smaller installed base, usually require a neutral wire
Hot
(120/220/277V)
Dimmed
Hot
Neutral
0 90 180 270 360
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What control type do I need?
• Line Voltage Dimming - 3-Wire analog
– Fluorescent standard, control signal carried separate from power
– Precise, less prone to noise, but requires a third line voltage wire
– Universal voltage, high power factor, multiple control types
available
Switched Hot (power)
Dimmed Hot
(signal)AC Power
Hot (120-277V)
Neutral
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What control type do I need?
DMX-512 digital– Popular in theater applications & RGB (Red Green Blue) LED control
– Multiple channels for individual color control
– Possible to use for single color general applications
– Complicated wiring for general illumination
– Often requires an interface and more complex programming and
installation
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What control type do I need?
Low Voltage Control - 0-10V Analog Dimming
– Analog control standard, low voltage wiring to each fixture in
lighting control zone
– Requires 0-10V low voltage control output AND line voltage
switching
Switched Hot (power)
0-10V +/-AC Power
Hot
Neutral
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What control type do I need?
Low Voltage Digital Control - DALI / EcoSystem– DALI (Digital Addressable Lighting Interface) allows digital addressing of
individual ballasts/drivers in fixtures & status feedback
– EcoSystem (Digital Low Voltage Data System) allows assignment to
daylight sensors, occupancy/vacancy sensors, timeclocks and multiple
controls for one or many fixtures without added wiring
– Control wires are independent of power, no need to rewire line voltage
EcoSystem
AC Power
Hot
Neutral