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Today’s Extension of Intercultural Competence, Intercultural Concepts and their Applications Intercultural H orizon , Siena October , 8th 2013. Maura di mauro. www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]. Aim s. www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Today’s Extension of Intercultural Competence, Intercultural Concepts and their Applications
Intercultural Horizon, Siena October, 8th 2013
MAURA DI MAURO
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
2
Aims Describe two main ways at looking at intercultural communication, and at intercultural competence, based upon two main conceptions of “communication” and of “culture”
Reflect on the extension of the “classical” concept of intercultural competence and their application, due to nowadays cultural changes, globalization phenomena, new global assets, financial crisis, and the complexity of stakeholder requests
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
3
Contents1. The origin of Intercultural Communication and of Intercultural Competence
2. The development of Intercultural Communication and of Intercultural Competence
3. The evolution of Intercultural Communication and of Intercultural Competence
4. The extension of Interculturalism to Social Responsible and Sustainable practices
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
4
1. The origin of Intercultural Communication and of Intercultural CompetenceTODAY’S EXTENSION OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE, INTERCULTURAL CONCEPTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
5
A definition of “Interculture”
«Interculture» = relationships between cultural identities
Intercultural relationshipsIntercultural
communication
Intercultural negotiation
and mediation
Intercultural training
Intercultural competence
Intercultural policies and governance sistem
……
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Ethnografic methodology: Studies on integration processes
Thomas & Znaniecki: Studies on
stereotypes and cultural
filters
Establishment of FSI training
division for diplomatics
and technitions
Allport: studies on prejudges
ETHNOGRAFIC METHODOLOGIES: INTEGRATION PROCESSES
LANGUAGE TRAINING
1920
1930
1945
1950
1959
Back to the roots of “Intercultural Communication”
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Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Introduction of the
concept of Cultural
Schock and of
Intercultural Competence
Development and spread
of multinational
s
INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT
CROSS-CULTURAL MANAGEMENT
1960
1976
1977
1990
2000
1971
1980
PROCESSES FACILITATION
Virtual team, CRS,
sustainability
1991
2008
From the roots to the development of “Intercultural Communication”
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
8
The concept of «Intercultural Competence» In general, “Intercultural Competence” are included within relational competence and refers to different roles and contexts
Is the capability to behave appropriate (coherent with the rules and the expectations of a given cultural context) and effective (able to succeed in the light of ones personal goals and objectives within cultural diverse contexts)
The concept is rooted in an Anglo-Saxon pragmatism, which emphasizes individual achievement, pertinence and effectiveness
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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2. The developmentof Intercultural Communication and of Intercultural CompetenceTODAY’S EXTENSION OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE, INTERCULTURAL CONCEPTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
10
Communication as messages transmission 1950s, Shannon & Weaver: The communication model is based on the methaphor of the telecommunication systems
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Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Culture as a «reified» concept Human societies are built of culture, a “thing” that homologates and separates them: culture is a monolithic reality
Culture is a property of people, groups, organization, made up of traditions, norms, values, principles
Cultural differences can be measured and compared on a graded scale along lines of certain cultural and ethical dimensions
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12Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
[email protected] www.mauradimauro.weebly.com
Culture as a «reified» concept
Plus Furnishing a starting point for understanding a specific culture
Favours the understanding of certain cultural differences and intercultural misunderstandings
Highlights the need to change one’s interpretative framework and to make behavioural adaption
Reduces anxiety and uncertainty in encountering a diverse culture
Minus Emphasizing the internal homogeneity of a target group, leading to over-generalizations and stereotypes
Impossible to offer recipes or exhaustive “does and don’ts” for each existing culture
Difficulty to identifying oneself as belonging to a single pure culture identity
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
13
3. The evolutionof Intercultural Communication and of Intercultural CompetenceTODAY’S EXTENSION OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE, INTERCULTURAL CONCEPTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
14
Communication as dialogical conversations ‘70s-’80, Habermans, Grice,…: Interaction and dialogue between conversation’s participants and within oneself
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Negotiation and meaning construction
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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From a «reified» to a «narrative» concept of culture
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«Reified» culture Considers culture as static and crystallized
Emphasises deep cultural differences, cultural groups’ homogeneity and purity
Cultural characteristics and group’s traditions are described
«Narrative» culture Considers culture in their dynamism and evolution
Considers cultural differences … but it reduces the use of culture dimensions, and of “us vs. you” contrapositions
Cultural reality have porous edges, where interactions and exchanges occurs, as well traditions and innovation
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Culture as a «narrative» concept Culture is an open and complex relationship system, where interactions, as well, storytelling are interconnected
Culture itself is a mediation system: a space of exchanges
Culture is a polyphonic narration where a multiplicity of actors participate building it (Bachtin, 1981; Mantovani, 1998)
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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«Conversations» and «Storytelling» as intervention tools Intercultural communication as an occasion to become aware of assumptions, to understand and to consider different moral positions and values
It allows to explore antagonisms of different groups or identities (e.g., different institutions, associations, organized groups, and so on)
Conversations and storytelling become intervention tools, through which people and organizations can collaborate, reflect on, and co-create new solutions
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
18
The evolution of the concept of Intercultural Competence From Intercultural competence as the ability to consider different perceptions and different ways of constructing meaning, by using appropriate mindset and skills …
… To Intercultural competence as the ability to recognize differences in a cultural capital and to be able to interact with them.
No more something inside a person, or that a person can have with a certain degree; but something socially distributed and shared, among different actors and within a certain context
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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The evolution of the concept of Intercultural Competence
Becomes important:
To be sensitive to shape diversity (i.e. to process an “intercultural gaze”)
To know how to recognize and to map diversity
To be capable of activating and faciliting inclusive processes
To listen actively, being open to different sense-making frameworks without to stuck in a rigid perspective or fixed identity
To be able to integrate different perspectives, values and opinions, thus make it possible to create alternative narratives, new knowledge construction, and eventually re-design practices, policies, processes
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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4. The extension of Interculturalism to Social Responsible and Sustainable practicesTODAY’S EXTENSION OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE, INTERCULTURAL CONCEPTS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Culture as a marker of identities
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Outseurcesemployeees
Employees,
Internal unites
Environments
Clients, consumers
, users
Trainers, consultan
tsCFO,
partnersStakeholder
s
Public Administratio
n
Collectivty
Unites, parties
Mass-media
No profit organizatio
ns
Localcommuni
ty
Schools,university Supplyers
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Cultural identities protest and straggle
for their own recognition
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Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
Some examples of bad Stakeholders Management
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
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Some examples of bad Stakeholders Management
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
25
Some examples of bad Stakeholders Management
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
Some examples of good Stakeholders Management
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Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
27
Some examples of good Stakeholders Management
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
28
Some examples of good Stakeholders Management
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
29
Stakeholders Management applications Organizational knowledge sharing and creation: i.e. organization improvement or innovation processes
Alternative ideas generation, product or services co-designing, in order to answer customers' or users’ new needs and requests
Designing and implementing socially responsible or sustainable organizational communication campaigns, policy and practices
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
30
Conclusions The success of an organization today depends more and more on:
Customer and client fidelity
Brand trust and reputation
Organization's ability to manage multi-stakeholder relationships
Organization’s ability to implement socially responsible practices sustainable in the long term
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
31
Learnings The evolution of intercultural communication processes into complex multi-stakeholder relationships requires managers that have greater intercultural competence
A new generation of managers is needed: one that can see diversity from an intercultural perspective, and that can handle relations involving internal and external diversity or identity differences
Managers need to be able to include different interlocutors in conversational processes, to integrate their points of view into responsible and sustainable organizational decision making and into implementation in the organizational processes
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]
Maura Di Mauro – Intercultural Trainer, Coach & ConsultantVia Ciceri Visconti Laura 10/2 20137 Milano Tel. +39 340 3238701
32
Maura Di Mauro Intercultural Trainer, Coach & Consultant
Tel. (+39) 02 / 43 1284 40 Mob. (+39) 340 / 32 38 702
E-mail: [email protected]
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com
www.mauradimauro.weebly.com [email protected]