matrix - king saud universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · matrix...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix
Bander Almutairi
King Saud University
15 Sept 2013
![Page 2: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1 Notations and Algebra Matrices
2 Scalar Multiplication
3 Matrix Multiplication
4 Inverse of a 2× 2 Matrix
5 Power of a Matrix
![Page 3: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix:
A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns. These objects can be numbers or functions.We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix: If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 4: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix: A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns.
These objects can be numbers or functions.We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix: If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 5: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix: A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns. These objects can be numbers or functions.
We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix: If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 6: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix: A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns. These objects can be numbers or functions.We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix: If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 7: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix: A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns. These objects can be numbers or functions.We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix: If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 8: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix: A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns. These objects can be numbers or functions.We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix:
If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 9: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix: A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns. These objects can be numbers or functions.We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix: If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,
then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 10: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
1- Matrix: A matrix is rectangular array of objects, written inrows and columns. These objects can be numbers or functions.We write a matrix as follows:
A =
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
, or
a11 a12 · · · a1na21 a22 · · · a2n
......
. . ....
am1 am2 · · · amn
.
2- Size of Matrix: If a matrix A has n rows and m columns,then we say A is ”n by m matrix” and we write it as ”n ×m”.
![Page 11: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Examples:
(i)
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 matrix.
(ii)
0 1 29 7 33 5 1
is 3× 3 matrix.
(ii)
1 x x2 ex
x + 1 sin(x) −x 82x 0 15 (x3 + 5)100
is 3× 4 matrix.
![Page 12: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Examples:
(i)
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 matrix.
(ii)
0 1 29 7 33 5 1
is 3× 3 matrix.
(ii)
1 x x2 ex
x + 1 sin(x) −x 82x 0 15 (x3 + 5)100
is 3× 4 matrix.
![Page 13: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Examples:
(i)
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 matrix.
(ii)
0 1 29 7 33 5 1
is 3× 3 matrix.
(ii)
1 x x2 ex
x + 1 sin(x) −x 82x 0 15 (x3 + 5)100
is 3× 4 matrix.
![Page 14: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Examples:
(i)
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 matrix.
(ii)
0 1 29 7 33 5 1
is 3× 3 matrix.
(ii)
1 x x2 ex
x + 1 sin(x) −x 82x 0 15 (x3 + 5)100
is 3× 4 matrix.
![Page 15: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix:
When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 16: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m,
then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 17: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix.
Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 18: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 19: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 20: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix:
When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 21: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1,
then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 22: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 23: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 24: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix:
When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 25: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1,
then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 26: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix.
Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 27: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 28: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 29: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
3- Square Matrix: When n = m, then the matrix is square
matrix. Example
[2 03 −1
]is 2× 2 square matrix.
4- Row Matrix: When n = 1, then the matrix is called rowmatrix. Example:
[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
].
5- Column Matrix: When m = 1, then the matrix is called
column matrix. Example:
12345
.
Exercise: Can we find a matrix which is square, row andcolumn at the same time??.
![Page 30: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix:
A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 31: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero.
Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 32: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example:
0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 33: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 34: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix:
A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 35: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix.
Example:500 0 00 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 36: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:
500 0 00 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 37: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 38: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix:
A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 39: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1.
Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 40: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 41: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
6- Zero Matrix: A zero matrix is a matrix whose all entries
are zero. Example: 0=
[0 00 0
].
7- Diagonal Matrix: A square matrix with all its non-diagonalentries zero is called diagonal matrix. Example:500 0 0
0 1097513 0
0 0 222
8- Unit Matrix: A diagonal matrix with all diagonal entries
are unity 1. Example:
1 0 00 1 00 0 1
![Page 42: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix:
A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 43: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.
The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 44: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At .
Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 45: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 46: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
]
, At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 47: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.
* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 48: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 49: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 50: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 51: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 52: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
9- Transpose of a Matrix: A transpose of a matrix is obtainedby interchanging between rows and corresponding columns.The transpose of a matrix A is denoted by At . Example:
A =
[1 2 34 5 6
], At =
1 42 53 6
.* Properties of the Transpose of a Matrix:
1 (At)t = A.
2 (AB)t = BtAt .
3 (kA)t = k.At , where k is a scalar.
4 (A + B)t = At + Bt .
![Page 53: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix:
A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 54: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric
, ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 55: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A.
Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 56: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 57: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 58: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 59: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix:
A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 60: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric
, if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 61: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A.
Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 62: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 63: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 64: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 65: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 66: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
10- Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix is symmetric , ifAt = A. Example:
A =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At =
1 2 32 4 53 5 6
, At = A.
11- Skew-Symmetric Matrix: A square matrix isskew-symmetric , if At = −A. Example:
A =
0 −2 −32 0 −53 5 0
, At =
0 2 3−2 0 5−3 −5 0
, At = −A.
![Page 67: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices:
Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 68: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal,
if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 69: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 70: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example:
Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 71: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 72: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution:
First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 73: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2.
IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 74: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 75: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 76: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 77: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 78: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 79: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Equality of matrices: Two matrices are equal, if theyhave the same size and the corresponding entries are equal.
Example: Write down the system of equations, if matrices Aand B are equal
A =
[x − 2 y − 3x + y z + 3
], B =
[1 3 + zz y
].
Solution: First we note that they the same size 2× 2. IfA = B, then:
x = 3
y − z = 6
x + y − z = 0
− y + z = −3.
![Page 80: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices:
Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 81: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 82: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example:
Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 83: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B
, where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 84: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 85: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 86: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B
=
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 87: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 88: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 89: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
12- Addition of matrices: Matrices of the same size can beadded entry wise.
Example: Find A + B , where A =
2 13 44 5
, B =
1 −12 −53 4
.
Solution:
A + B =
2 + 1 1− 13 + 2 4− 54 + 3 5 + 4
=
3 05 −17 9
.
![Page 90: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Scalar Multiplication:
If a matrix multiplied by a scalar α,then each entry is multiplied by scalar α. Examples:
A =
2 3 21 2 14 1 4
, 2A =
4 6 42 4 28 2 8
, kA =
2.k 3.k 2.k1.k 2.k 1.k4.k 1.k 4.k
.
![Page 91: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Scalar Multiplication: If a matrix multiplied by a scalar α,then each entry is multiplied by scalar α.
Examples:
A =
2 3 21 2 14 1 4
, 2A =
4 6 42 4 28 2 8
, kA =
2.k 3.k 2.k1.k 2.k 1.k4.k 1.k 4.k
.
![Page 92: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Scalar Multiplication: If a matrix multiplied by a scalar α,then each entry is multiplied by scalar α. Examples:
A =
2 3 21 2 14 1 4
,
2A =
4 6 42 4 28 2 8
, kA =
2.k 3.k 2.k1.k 2.k 1.k4.k 1.k 4.k
.
![Page 93: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Scalar Multiplication: If a matrix multiplied by a scalar α,then each entry is multiplied by scalar α. Examples:
A =
2 3 21 2 14 1 4
, 2A
=
4 6 42 4 28 2 8
, kA =
2.k 3.k 2.k1.k 2.k 1.k4.k 1.k 4.k
.
![Page 94: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Scalar Multiplication: If a matrix multiplied by a scalar α,then each entry is multiplied by scalar α. Examples:
A =
2 3 21 2 14 1 4
, 2A =
4 6 42 4 28 2 8
,
kA =
2.k 3.k 2.k1.k 2.k 1.k4.k 1.k 4.k
.
![Page 95: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Scalar Multiplication: If a matrix multiplied by a scalar α,then each entry is multiplied by scalar α. Examples:
A =
2 3 21 2 14 1 4
, 2A =
4 6 42 4 28 2 8
, kA
=
2.k 3.k 2.k1.k 2.k 1.k4.k 1.k 4.k
.
![Page 96: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Scalar Multiplication: If a matrix multiplied by a scalar α,then each entry is multiplied by scalar α. Examples:
A =
2 3 21 2 14 1 4
, 2A =
4 6 42 4 28 2 8
, kA =
2.k 3.k 2.k1.k 2.k 1.k4.k 1.k 4.k
.
![Page 97: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication:
Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 98: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p.
Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 99: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k
(for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 100: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have
p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 101: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n).
Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 102: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 103: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)
and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 104: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
).
Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 105: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 106: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB
=
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 107: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)
=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 108: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
)
. BA is not exists!!
![Page 109: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Matrix Multiplication: Let A be a n ×m matrix and B is ak × p. Then the necessary condition for AB to be exists ism = k (for BA, we must have p = n). Note that themultiplication is not abelian i.e. AB 6= BA.
Example: A =
(a bc d
)and B =
(xy
). Then,
AB =
(a bc d
)(xy
)=
(ax + bycx + dy
). BA is not exists!!
![Page 110: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 111: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 112: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 113: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)
c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 114: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12
, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 115: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27
c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 116: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30
, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 117: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13
c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 118: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8
, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 119: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4
c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 120: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26
, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 121: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 122: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Find AB, where
A =
(1 2 42 6 0
),B =
4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
.
Solution:
A × B = C
2× 3 3× 4 2× 4
C = AB =
(c11 c12 c13 c14c21 c22 c23 c24
)c11 = 1(4) + 2(0) + 4(2) = 12, c12 = 1(1) + 2(−1) + 4(7) = 27c13 = 1(4) + 2(3) + 4(5) = 30, c14 = 1(3) + 2(1) + 4(2) = 13c21 = 2(4) + 6(0) + 0(2) = 8, c22 = 2(1) + 6(−1) + 0(7) = −4c23 = 2(4) + 6(3) + 0(5) = 26, c24 = 2(3) + 6(1) + 0(2) = 12.
.
![Page 123: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Therefore,
AB =
(1 2 42 6 0
)4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
=
(12 27 30 138 −4 26 12
).
![Page 124: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Therefore,
AB =
(1 2 42 6 0
)4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
=
(12 27 30 138 −4 26 12
).
![Page 125: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Therefore,
AB =
(1 2 42 6 0
)4 1 4 30 −1 3 12 7 5 2
=
(12 27 30 138 −4 26 12
).
![Page 126: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A
is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 127: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat
A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 128: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 129: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
].
If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 130: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0,
then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 131: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 132: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 133: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]
is A−1 = 1−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 134: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1
= 1−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 135: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 136: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
The inverse of a 2× 2 matrix A is a 2× 2 matrix A−1, suchthat A−1A = AA−1 = I2.
Consider a 2× 2 matrix A =
[a bc d
]. If ad − bc 6= 0, then the
inverse of A is given by
A−1 = 1ad−bc
[d −b−c a
]
Example: The inverse of A =
[2 35 4
]is A−1 = 1
−7
[4 −3−5 2
]
![Page 137: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 138: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 139: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 140: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 141: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 142: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 143: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 144: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Power of a Matrix:
1 A0 = I .
2 An = A . . .A︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
3 A−n A−1 . . .A−1︸ ︷︷ ︸n−times
.
4 ArAs = Ar+s .
5 (Ar )s = Ars .
6 (A−1)−1 = A.
7 (An)−1 = (A−1)n, n ≥ 0.
8 (kA)−1 = 1kA
−1.
![Page 145: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
].
Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 146: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 147: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2
= AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 148: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA
=
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 149: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]
=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 150: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]
A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 151: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3
= A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 152: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A
=
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 153: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]
=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 154: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]
A−3 = (A3)−1 =1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 155: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3
= (A3)−1 =1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 156: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1
=1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 157: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]
A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 158: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I
=
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 159: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]
=
[1 04 0
].
![Page 160: Matrix - King Saud Universityfac.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/matrix.pdf · 2014-01-31 · Matrix Bander Almutairi Notations and Algebra Matrices Scalar Multiplication Matrix Multiplication](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022041705/5e44370d6ae6ba6d743deda0/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
Matrix
BanderAlmutairi
Notations andAlgebraMatrices
ScalarMultiplication
MatrixMultiplication
Inverse of a2 × 2 Matrix
Power of aMatrix
Example: Let A be the matrix
[2 04 1
]. Compute
A3,A−3,A2 − 2A + I .
A2 = AA =
[2 04 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[4 0
12 1
]A3 = A2A =
[4 0
12 1
] [2 04 1
]=
[8 0
28 1
]A−3 = (A3)−1 =
1
8
[1 0−28 8
]A2 − 2A + I =
[4 0
12 1
]−[
4 08 2
]+
[1 01 1
]=
[1 04 0
].