Mathematics 2

Ms. Meek

Review of Geometric Shapes

Plane shapes are flat objects that have length and width but no

thickness.

There are many different kinds of plane shapes, and they are

classified by the number of sides and corners.

Plane Shapes

One of the lines that make a plane or flat shape is called a

side.

lineThe common point where two sides meet or intersect is called

a vertex. vertex or

corner

Properties of Plane Shapes

An angle is the shape formed by two lines coming from a common point, or vertex.

We classify angles by measuring the width in degrees.

Properties of Plane Shapes

Properties of Plane Shapes

Square

A square has 4 equal sidesand 4 square corners, or right

angles.

Properties of Plane Shapes

Rectangle

A rectangle has 4 sides, but they do

not have to be equal in length, A rectangle also has 4 square

corners.

Properties of Plane Shapes

triangle

A triangle has 3 sides, 3 vertices.

Properties of Plane Shapes

Circle

Has no sides and no corners, or vertices.

-pentagon, 5 sides and 5 vertices

-hexagon, 6 sides and 6 verticies

- octagon, 8 sides and 8 verticies

More Plane Shapes

Solid shapes are objects that have length, width, AND

thickness.

There are many different kinds of solid shapes, and they are

classifiedby their faces.

Solid Shapes

Solid shapes are made up of plane shapes. Each plane

shape, or flat side of the solid shape

is called a face. face

edgeA line where two surfaces, or faces meet is called an edge.

Properties of Solid Shapes

Properties of Solid Shapes

cube

A cube has six faces, and all of the faces are squares of the same

size.

Properties of Solid Shapes

Rectangular prism

A rectangular prism also has six faces. All faces are rectangles,

and opposite faces are the same size rectangles.

Properties of Solid Shapes

sphere

A sphere is similar to a circle, but it has thickness. There are no

faces, edges, or corners on a sphere.

Properties of Solid Shapespyramid

A pyramid is a solid with a face of any shape, usually on the

bottom. All of the other faces are triangles that

meet in a point.

Properties of Solid Shapescone

A cone is similar to a pyramid, but the shape at the bottom is a

circle. The rest of the solid is not made up of triangular faces,

but still meets in a point.

Properties of Solid Shapescylinder

A cylinder has two circular faces on opposite sides of the solid.

There are no other edges or faces.

A figure is said to be symmetric if you can draw a line down the

middle, and split the figure into two pieces that are the exact

same shape and size, but opposite (reflections).

Symmetric Figures

line of symmetry

A line of symmetry is the line that divides a figure into two symmetrical parts.

Line of Symmetry

Lines of Symmetry

A figure can have more than one line of symmetry, meaning it

could be split into two symmetrical pieces

in more than one way.

Lines of symmetry may be vertical, diagonal, or

horizontal.

Find the Line of Symmetry

Find the Line of Symmetry

Find the Line of Symmetry

There is no line of symmetry. When a figure can be folded in half and both halves match, the figure is symmetrical. There is no line that you can draw that

would divide this into two equal parts.

Lines of SymmetryLook at the figure below. Only half of it is drawn. You can use the line of symmetry as your guide to draw the other half.

Start with a point on the line of symmetry and draw the same

thing on the other side.

Lines of Symmetry

Examples:

Lines of Symmetry

Examples:

Congruent and similar are terms used to describe characteristics

of plane and solid shapes.

Geometric Figures

Congruent figures are shapes,

plane and solid, that are the same

in shape AND size.

Congruent Figures

Although congruent figures need

to be the same shape and size, but they do not have to be in

the same positions.

Congruent Figures

Similar Figures

Similar figures have the same shape, but might be different

sizes or might not face the same direction.

Similar or Congruent?

Similar! These figures have the same shape, but not the same

size.

Similar or Congruent?

Congruent! These two figures are the same size and the same

shape.

Similar or Congruent?

These figures are not similar or congruent. They are not the same size or the same shape.

Conclusion• Congruent and similar are terms

used to describe characteristics of plane and solid shapes.

• Congruent figures are shapes, plane and solid, that are the same in shape AND size.

• Similar figures have the same shape, but might be different sizes or might not face the same direction.