mathematical programming approach to supply chain optimization and humanitarian logistics

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Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics Mikio Kubo Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology

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Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics. Mikio Kubo Tokyo University of  Marine Science and Technology. Supply Chain “Risk” Management (SCRM). Proactive and response approaches to cope with supply chain disruptions. Performance. Disruption. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and

Humanitarian Logistics

 Mikio Kubo

Tokyo University of  Marine Science and Technology

Page 2: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Disruption

Supply Chain “Risk” Management (SCRM)

Proactive and response approaches to cope with supply chain disruptions.

Time

Per

form

ance

Proactive Response

Recovery

Page 3: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Humanitarian Logistics (HL)

… is a branch of logistics which specializes in organizing the delivery and warehousing of supplies during natural disasters to the affected area and people.

• Decentralized• No SCM unit nor trained staffs• Everything is ad hoc• No performance measure (fairness, speed, …)• No information & communication technology• Many players (government, NGOs)

Page 4: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Mathematical Optimization Approach to SCRM and HL

• Stochastic Optimization a classical mathematical programming approach to cope with uncertainty

• Disruption (Recovery) Managementan approach to recover from disruption quickly (mainly used in airline and rail industries)

• Risk Optimization a new framework =Stochastic Optimization + Disruption Management

Page 5: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Disruption

Stochastic Optimization (1)

Time

Per

form

ance

Proactive Response

Here & NowVariables Recourse Variables

scenarios =>flexibility

Page 6: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Stochastic Optimization (2) Scenario approach (# of typical scenarios is not so large)

S : set of scenariosx : here & now variable vectorXs: recourse variable vector for scenario s

Page 7: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Stochastic Optimization (3) +CVaR approach (disruption is a rare event; decision maker is risk averse)

(1- λ ) Expectation + λ [ β-CVaR]

Page 8: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Disruption

Disruption Management (1)

Time

Per

form

ance

Proactive Response

Base Solution x*Response Action X

Deviation from x*

Page 9: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Disruption Management (2)

= Recovery OptimizationAfter a disruption (scenario), find a recovery solution that is close to the “base” solution x*

Page 10: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Risk OptimizationA new framework to copy with disruptions

= Stochastic + Recovery Optimization

Page 11: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Supply Chain Risk Optimization Models

モデル名 準備フェイズ 応答フェイズ 途絶要因

確率的在庫 複数調達 / 在庫 適応発注 / 緊急発注

供給途絶

安全在庫配置 複数調達 / 在庫 調達先・リード時間変更

生産時間変動

ロットサイズ決定 多モード / 複数調達 / 在庫

モード選択 / 生産量調整

資源途絶 /生産時間変動

スケジューリング 多モード /余裕時間 ・資源

モード選択リスケジューリング

資源途絶 /作業時間変動

配送計画 余裕時間 ・資源 緊急配車 /リスケジューリング

移動時間変更 / 資源途絶

ネットワーク設計 多モード / 余裕資源 / 在庫

モード選択 / リルーティング

資源途絶 / 生産・輸送時間変動

収益管理 安全在庫 価格変更 需要・供給途絶

Page 12: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Probabilistic Inventory Model (1)

Multi period, Single stage, Static policy, NominalVariablesI: inventory B: backorder x: ordering amount

Parametersh: inventory cost b: backorder costp: probability δ: =0 disruption occurs =1 otherwise

Page 13: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Probabilistic Inventory Model (2)

Multi period, Single stage, Static policy, CVaR

Page 14: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Probabilistic Inventory Model (3)

Multi period, Multi stage, Adaptive policy, Nominal

Page 15: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Resource Constrained Scheduling Problem (1)

Page 16: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

Resource Constrained Scheduling Problem (2)

Processing time (p), resource upper bound (RUB), and resource usage (a) depend on scenarios

Resource constraints

Precedence constraints

Page 17: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

人道支援サプライ・チェイン最適化

途絶

時間予防 応答

支援物資備蓄・配置( ストラテジック,タクティカル )多期間輸送計画

多期間在庫配送計画( タクティカル,オペレーショナル )

即時決定変数( 備蓄場所,備蓄量決定)

リコース変数( 備蓄品輸送量,輸送経路決定)

操業度

性能

Page 18: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

支援物資備蓄・配置モデル

• 動機– 避難所に保管されていた備蓄品 ( 支援物資

)が流された(土砂で埋まった)– 備蓄予算で水と乾パンだけを購入(保管し

やすいから)• 適切な箇所に適切な備蓄を行う(即時決

定変数)• 災害発生後の輸送経路(リコース変数)

Page 19: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

多期間輸送計画モデル

• 動機– 行政単位で支援物資を直接長距離輸送で受け

入れ– 緊急に必要な物資とそうでない物資が混在

( 需要と供給のミスマッチ)– 大量の不要在庫

• 日別の需要を適切に選択された中継地点を経由して輸送(在庫)するモデル

Page 20: Mathematical Programming Approach to Supply Chain Optimization and Humanitarian Logistics

多期間在庫配送計画モデル

• 動機– 最終需要地点(避難所)への配送の遅れ– 初期に必要な支援物資(毛布)と,その後

に必要になる支援物資(清潔用品,食品)の切り替え

– (非効率な)高頻度補充• 多期間の在庫 + 配送の同時求解モデル