materials research at vtt
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Materials Research at VTT. Anne-Christine Ritschkoff Jari Koskinen. VTT’S MISSION. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Materials Research at VTT
Anne-Christine Ritschkoff
Jari Koskinen
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
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VTT’S MISSION
VTT produces research services that enhance the international
competitiveness of companies, society and other customers at the
most important stages of their innovation process, and thereby
creates the prerequisites for growth, employment and wellbeing.
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THE OPERATING MODEL AND THE STRUCTURE
VENTURES
Commercialisation ofresearch output,venture activities
and spin-offs
EXPERTSERVICES
Consulting services,testing, certification
Man
agem
ent,
su
pp
ort
pro
cess
es
STRATEGIC RESEARCH
Management of theself-financed and
jointly-funded research
BUSINESSSOLUTIONS
Management of the contract
research
Ad
visory b
oard
s
C U S T O M E R S
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
ProjectsCompetence management
(7 knowledge clusters and 46 knowledge centres)
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VTT´s staff profile
STAFF STRUCTUREResearch scientists 59%Other research staff 22%Planning, office and IT personnel 15%Management 3%
EDUCATION OF STAFFDoctors 16%Licentiates 7%Other university degree 52% College level and polytechnic 23%Basic level 2%
Number of personnel: 2 780
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VTT´s turnover by type of income Turnover 217 M€ in 2006
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VTT´s materials research
• Materials research has a very strong role in the technical research at VTT
• estimated volume in 2006
• 300 man years• 30 M€ annual turnover• total volume covers over 10% of VTT´s
research activities• Materials research in Finland
• estimated volume
• 2500 man years• 200 M€ annual turnover
Staff in materials research
Professors:
Senior researchers
Researchers / graduate students:
Undergraduate students (full-
time):
Technical staff:
Secreteriat:
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VTT´s FOCUS AREAS OF FRONT END RESEARCHPlatforms for new ideas and technologies
Convergingnetworks
Social media and software
Functional and nanomaterials
Sensors and sensor networks
Intelligentsystems and
machines
Systems biologyICT-based service
technologiesDigital
built environment
BiorefineryZero-emission energy systems
Novelty by combination
New technologies
Digital world
Sustainable development
Horizontal focus areas leading to change in several industries
Human-technology interactionApplication-oriented system and software development
Business models and technology
Manufacturing and integration methods
for electronics and optics
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VTT Technology focus areas
APPLIED MATERIALSNew materials for
machinery, buildings and consumer productsUpgraded fibre-based products
Performance of products and structures under extreme exposures
BIO- AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES
Food processingDrugs and diagnostis
ENERGYEnergy systems and economics
Nuclear energyDistributed energy
Energy and emissions in transport
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESHigh performance telecom
Data refinement
INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS MANAGEMENTOperating research
Plants & production systemsVehicles & machines
Industrial management
TECHNOLOGY IN THE COMMUNITYSafety and security
Building performanceTransport systems and networks
MICROTECHNOLOGIES AND ELECTRONICSHigh performance sensors and instruments
Heterogenous integration
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Applied materials research• Focus areas:
• Materials for machinery, buildings and consumer products, upgraded fibre-based products, performance of products and structures under extreme exposures
• Business drivers, impacts and potential• Quest for more carefree, durable, safe and economical products in various industrial and
consumer applications• Demand for sustainable growth, reduction of environmental impact: less materials, durable
materials, recyclable materials, beneficiation of natural fibre-based raw materials• Broadening of range of application of existing products and systems
• Technology focus and scientific goals• Materials for machinery, buildings and consumer products: new and modified materials and
methods to bond materials into composites and structural systems• New fibre-based products; added value wood products• Performance of products and structures under long-term or extreme exposures
• VTT's strengths and opportunities• Long tradition of product development and performance assessment of materials and products in
various applications and assessment of products under • Wide range of experimental equipment and facilities for the development• Close contacts with customers
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Nanomaterialsfor manufacturing industrial
and consumer products
Functional Materialsfor manufacturing industrial
and consumer products
Materials for buildings and living
Building materials and productsMaterials at home and at work
Materials in machines and in process plants
StructuresStructures and structural systems in
buildings, infrastructure, machinery etc.
AppliedMaterialsResearch
Fibres and polymersfor manufacturing industrial
and consumer products
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Materials research at VTT is clearly bound to industrial needs
Current materials research areas• Materials for energy and process industry
• degradation, fracture mechanisms, life cycle management of materials
• Materials for building and construction• wood based and concrete materials• coatings, paints and adhesives• hybrid nanocomposites
• Materials for electronics industry• electrically functional plastics• batteries and fuel cells, energy storages
• Metal-ceramic materials• thermal spraying• surface treatments and welding by laser technology
• Functional materials and coatings• functional materials in printing• functional materials for paper and boards• functional nanostructured materials• binders for coatings, adhesives and composites• natural polymers and wood based materials• stimuli responsive polymer concepts
Examples of future areas of research• New material solutions
• new material solutions for energy technology• nanostructured materials for harsh conditions
• Natural based and environmentally feasible materials
• composite technology• biocomposites
• Functional and intelligent materials• bioactive material solutions• bioispired materials• self-healing concepts for joints and coatings
• Electronics applications• nanoelectronics, nanophotonics and
nanolithography• quantum computation and quantum information
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Ub (kV/mm) PP 1 % 2 % 3 %
AC 103 ± 9 116 ± 8 135 ± 9 112 ± 12
LI 164 ± 15 192 ± 12 196 ± 6 163 ± 15
Nanocomposite Polymer Capacitor Film:
• Aim is to develop novel ways to control the electrical characteristics of polymer-based materials:
• to improve the thermal stability of electromechanical materials (piezoelectric charge endures at high temperatures)
• to reduce the dielectric constant of materials (nano- and microporous in hybrid polymers)
• to improve insulation properties against high voltage
Nanomodified Hybrid Polymers
Polyaniline 1-3 wt-% increases AC- and LI- breakdown strength of capacitor grade polypropylene thick films (t=150 µm) while increasing the permittivity by 10%. Energy of the capacitor εr , U2
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Adhesion proteins for highly defined surface modifications
Genetic engineering can be used to modify and functionalize the adhesion protein. AFM image shows individual molecules of a one-molecule thick layer of avidin-protein fixed to the adhesion protein.
10 nm
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) image of a one-molecule thick surface assembled layer of protein. The dimension of the repeating unit is 6 nm.
Microbial adhesion proteins self-assemble at interfaces and can be used for producing one-molecule thick highly ordered surface layers.
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Functional composites from wood based materials and biopolymers
• Combining of wood and wood-based fibres with different materials
• plastics• concrete• mortar• ceramics
• Innovative hybrid composites with intelligent fibre-based functionality
• monitoring, indicating, detecting, actuating• porosity gradients• multi-layered, low density materials with adequate
mechanical properties• improved acoustic properties• improved fire and thermal resistance
• Justifications• cladding materials with multi-layer structures• interior decorative films or boards with fire
resistance and acoustic properites• mobile elements with good sound absorbing
properties• flooring materials
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Functional thin coatings for wood and fibre-based materials
GOALS•Scratch resistance, wear resistance: to increase the utility value and durability of wood and fibre based products by organic-inorganic hybrid coatings•Surface modification: to modify surface properties in order to tailor printability (water and oil absorption) and soil repellancy properties of fibre based products •Barrier properties: to produce barrier properties such as controlled moisture behaviour, gas permeability and UV-shield•Formability: to develop elastic, durable binding solutions for mouldable fibre based products such as cardboards •Application: to preliminarily clarify cost effective application methods for promising coatings and treatments
Surface free energy affects e.g. to soil repellancy, cleanability and printability of surfaces. Surface energy can be affected by chemical structure and topography of surface.
Adhesion of nanostructured hybrid sol-gel coatings to organic matrix is greatly increased by covalent bonding
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Smart Filter - adaptable pore size
• Fiber filters coated by PNIPA polymer
• At temperatures <TLCST. The volume of polymer is expanded state ( the polymer binds water molecules). Fibers are "thick" and pores are "small". The system is highly hydrophilic.
• At temperature >TLCST , the polymer rejects water molecules out and the volume of the polymer decreases dramatically. Now the fibers are "thin" and pores are "large". The system is hydrophobic.
Now we have a filter with adjustable pore size! The washing can take place easily.
T < LCST T > LCST
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
H2O
PNIPA
UF-PS100-MEMBRANE
0
200
400
600
800
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
Temperature, oC
Flux
, kg(
m2 hb
ar)
T 4. up, SII-13
T 4. down, SII-13
Pnipa295.xls
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Contact information
Anne-Christine Ritschkoff, PhD.
Co-ordination of Applied Materials Strategic Research
Jari Koskinen, PhD.
Technology Manager Advanced Materials