Mass Society & Democracy Chapter 20Mr. Bermudez

Do Now Answer the question below

How might industrialization impact the economic, political, and social situation throughout the world?

Homework: Marconi Biography Questions

The Second Industrial Revolution Industrial progress was extremely strong in the

West A lot of money to be made! Why is money associated with progress? How

might this motivate people to industrialize?

Second Industrial Revolution: technological revolution in the following industries Steel Chemicals Electricity Petroleum

New Products Bessemer Process: a new process making

high quality steel efficient and cheap. Sir Henry Bessemer, 1855

Electricity: valuable form of energy which can generate heat, light, and motion. Easily transferred through wires Thomas Edison: invented light bulb “We will make electricity so cheep that

only the rich will burn candles”

Alexander Graham Bell: invented the telephone in 1876.

New Patterns People made more money and consumer goods

cost less Why might this be? Assembly Line: manufacturing method in which

broke up tasks to put together a product, making it easy to make a good faster

Mass Production: thanks to the Assembly line companies can produce more of a product, lowering the price.

Toward a World Economy What might be meant by a world economy?

Explain.

Receiving goods

Investing in infrastructure

Europe dominates world economy

Working Class Industrialized Society

Harsh conditions on workers Crowded Slums Long Hours Dangerous Work Environment

Goals for Reform Reformers believe Industrial Capitalism is Brutal

and Heartless

Moderates: work within the system, fewer hours better benefits, safe working conditions

Radicals: abolish the capitalist system and create a socialist one.

Marx’s Theory Karl Marx: wrote the Communist Manifesto

“history of class struggles” Oppressor and the Oppressed Bourgeoisie: middle class Proletariat: working class

Struggle would lead to revolution Dictatorship: a government which has a person or

small groups has absolute power Abolishment of economic differences, no classes

Socialist Parties Social Democratic Party: encouraging

revolution

Second International: global party fighting capitalism around the world.

Revisionist: rejected revolutionary approach, argued for workers to organize and work with other parties to gain reforms

Trade Unions Trade Unions: forces working for evolutionary,

rather than revolutionary, socialism through unionization. Collective Bargaining: negotiating for better

conditions How did trade unions help to improve working

conditions?

The Emergence of Mass Society

20-2

The New Urban Environment Urbanization and industrialization

Mass society concerned with conditions of lower class

Government must now appeal to the masses, not simply the wealthy

Crowded Cities Sanitation

Growth of Urban Problems Urban populations increase significantly.

Urban dwellers make up 60% of England’s population.

Jobs and access to services drive migration.

Improvements in Public Health and Sanitation Edwin Chadwick: urged local government within

England to deal with the filthy conditions within the cities Diseases a constant for city dwellers

Cholera: infected local water

Geography Skills Open to page 659

Look at the map

Answer the questions which relate

Social Structure: New Elite 5% of the population

Controlled 30-40% of the wealth

Upper-Middle-Class: Merchants, Bankers, and Industrialist join landed aristocracy New Elite

The Diverse Middle Class Middle-Middle Class: Lawyers, Doctors, Civil

Service, Business managers, engineers, architects, accountants, chemists. Comfortable

Lower-Middle Class: small shopkeepers, traders, and prosperous farmers.

White Collar Workers: in between lower-middle and lower class, ascribed to middle-class ideals. Salespeople, bookkeepers, telephone operators, secretaries.

Hard work will pay off

Education and Leisure Universal Education: Everyone receives a basic

education Product of the mass society of the 20th century Education normally only afforded to middle and

upper class children

1870-1914 Governments finance primary education for

boys/girls ages 6-12 States took responsibility of training teachers by

establishing schools. How might this move to universal education

impact society? Why do you think this was possible during this era?

Public Education

Second Industrial Revolution Need for skilled workers Boys and Girls now have more job possibilities

Chief Motive Universal Suffrage (voting)

Better-Educated Voter Patriotism/Nationalism

Result of Education Literacy: ability to read Mass Media: newspapers

Sensational Writing: exaggerating the truth

New Forms of Leisure Amusement Parks, Dance Halls, and Team

Sporting Events

People spent more time relaxing after work and on weekends

People willing to spend money to enjoy life

History and Arts Open to page 664

Answer the two questions which relate.

Do NowAnswer the following question

How do you think the Second Industrial Revolution might impact women economically, politically, and socially?

Homework: Primary Source Reading

Women’s Experiences Read through the documents

Complete the organizer

Once completed

Come to receive the DBQ’s Packet

The National State and DemocracyChapter 30-3

Do NowTake out homework.

Answer the following questionHow might the growth of

Industrialization create international rivalries? Explain why this might happen.

Homework: People in World History- Andrew Carnegie

Graphic Organizer

Open to page 668

Read about the changes within national states and how democracy was able to strengthen within Europe.

Complete the Organizer as it relates to each section.

Uncertainty Grows

People out their faith in Science Hard Facts Cold Reason Offered Certainty

Humans could completely understand the physical world and reality

Many questions!

Curie and the Atom

Marie Curie: discovered that an element called radium which gives off energy, radiation.

Einstein and Relativity Albert Einstein: created Theory of Relativity and

helped create atom bomb.

Freud and Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud: doctor from Vienna who

proposed theories regarding the nature of the human mind. Interpretation of Dreams

human behavior is determined by past experiences and internal forces which people are unaware.

Psychoanalysis: therapist/patient can retrieve repressed memories of childhood

Extreme Nationalism What is Nationalism? How may this become

extreme? Why?

Loyalty to nation over faith

Preserve nation’s status and national traditions

Social Darwinism and Racism Social Darwinism: “Survival of the fittest” the

strong advance while the weak decline. People reject idea that they should care for the poor

Nations “Struggle for Existence” “War is a biological necessity of the first importance,

… since without it an unhealthy development will follow, which excludes every advancement of the race, and therefore all real civilization. War is the father od all things”- German General Friedrich von Bernhardi

Anti-Semitism and Zionism

Anti-Semitism: hostility toward and discrimination against Jews not new to Europe Ghetto: areas of a city designed specifically for

Jewish people Pogroms: organized massacres

Zionism: nationalist movement to establish a Jewish state in Palestine Theodor Herzl The Jewish State