Maslow’s Theory of Hierarchy of Needs

Munif Ahmad

(April 1, 1908 – June 8, 1970)A

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Needs Something that is necessary for an

organism to live a healthy life Deficiency would cause a clear

negative outcome - deficiency or death

Can be Objective/Physical or Subjective

Objective needs - food, shelter, sleep Subjective needs – affection,

acceptance, self-esteem

Ten Fundamental Human Needs

Protection

Idleness

Creation

Understanding

Participation

Identityfreedom

transcendence

subsistence

affection

The needs - MeaningNeed Meaning (having things)

subsistence food, shelter, work

protection social security, health systems, work

affection friendships, family, relationships with nature

understanding literature, teachers, policies, educational

participation responsibilities, duties, work, rights

leisure games, parties, peace of mind

creation abilities, skills, work, techniques

identity language, religions, work, customs, values, norms

freedom equal rights

The Hierarchal Model

Being Need

Deficit Needs

Physiological Needs

Physiological Needs

Mostly, literal requirements for human survival

If not met, the human body cannot function Metabolic needs – air, water, food, rest Clothing, shelter – needed by even animals Could be classified as basic animal needs

Safety Needs

Safety Needs

Once physical needs are met, safety needs take over

Personal including emotional Health and well-being Financial, job security Safety of property against natural disasters,

calamities, wars, etc Law & order

Social Needs

Social Needs

Need to love and be loved Need to feel a sense of belonging and

acceptance Small groups – clubs, office teams,

school/college houses Large groups – political parties, Sports

teams, facebook

Esteem Needs

Esteem Needs

Need to be respected by others and in turn respect them

Sense of contribution, to feel self-valued, in profession or hobby

Lower - respect of others, the need for status, recognition, fame, prestige, and attention

Higher - self-respect, the need for strength, competence, mastery, self-confidence, independence and freedom

Self Actualization Needs

Self Actualization Needs

What a man can be, he must be Intrinsic growth of what is already in a person Growth-motivated rather than deficiency-

motivated Cannot normally be reached until other lower

order needs are met Rarely happens - < 1% Acceptance of facts, spontaneous, focused on

problems outside self, without prejudice