marshall woods restoration project -...

Marshall Woods Restoration Project Appendix B Literature Cited

APPENDIX B LITERATURE CITED Abella, S.R., and W.W. Covington. 2004. Monitoring an Arizona ponderosa pine restoration: Sampling efficiency and multivariate analysis of understory vegetation. Restor. Ecol. 12:359 –367.

Abella, S.R., Fule, P.Z., Covington, W.W., 2006. Diameter caps for thinning southwestern ponderosa pine forests: viewpoints, effects, and tradeoffs. Journal of Forestry 104, 407–414.

Adams P.W., and H.A. Froehlich. 1984. Compaction of Forest Soils. Pacific Northwest Extension Publication, PNW 217. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University. 16p.

Agee, J.K. 1996. The influence of forest structure on fire behavior. In Proceedings, 17th Annual Forest Vegetation Management Conference. Redding, CA Jan. 16-18, 1996: 52-68.

Agee, J.K., 1993. Fire Ecology of Pacific Northwest Forests. Island Press, Washington, DC.

Agee, J.K., Skinner, C.N., 2005. Basic principles of forest fuel reduction treatments. Forest Ecology and Management 211, 83–96.

Allen, C.D., Savage, M., Falk, D.A., Suckling, K.F., Swetnam, T.W., Schulke, T., Stacey, P.B., Morgan, P., Hoffman, M., Klingel, J.T., 2002. Ecological restoration of Southwestern ponderosa pine ecosystems: a broad perspective. Ecological Applications 12, 1418–1433.

Allendorf, F. and L. Ludguist 2003. Introduction: population biology, evolution, and control of invasive species. Conservation Biology, Vol. 17, No. 1 February 2003. Pages 24-30.

Alpine Recreational Consultants. 2001. Rattlesnake National Recreation Area Management Plan. Montana Parks Planning Authority

Alt, David and Donald W. Hyndman. 2004 [1986] Roadside Geology of Montana. Mountain Press Publishing Company, Missoula Montana.

Amman, G.D. 1989. Why partial cutting in lodgepole pine stands reduces mountain pine beetle. In: Amman, G.D. compiler. Proceedings-Symposium on the management of lodgepole pine to minimize losses to the mountain pine beetle. GTR INT-262. USDA Forest Service. pp. 48-59.

Amman, G.D. and J.A. Logan. 1998. Silvicultural control of mountain pine beetle: prescriptions and the influence of microclimate. American Entomologist, Fall 1997, 166-177.

Amman, G.D., G.D. Lessard, L.A. Rasmussen, and C.G. O’Neil. 1988. Lodgepole pine vigor, regeneration, and infestation by mountain pine beetle following partial cutting on the Shoshone NF, Wyoming. Intermountain Research Station. USDA Forest Service, Research Paper INT-396.

Amman, G.D., M.D. McGregor, R.F.Schmitz, and R.D. Oakes. 1988. Susceptibility of lodgepole pine to infestation by mountain pine beetles following partial cutting of stands. Can. J. For. Res. Vol 18.

Amman, G.D.; McGregor, M.D.; Cahill, D.B.; Klein, W.H. 1977. Guidelines for reducing losses of lodgepole pine to the mountain pine beetle in unmanagedstands in the Rocky Mountains. General Technical Report INT-36. Ogden, UT. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 19 p.

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Anderson, 1982. Aids to Determining fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior, 28 p.

Andrews, P.; Rothermel, R. 1982. Charts for Interpreting Wildland Fire Behavior Characteristics. USDA, Forest Service, INT-GTR-131

Aney, W.C.; McClelland, B.R. 1990. Pileated woodpecker habitat relationships. (Pages 10−17) In: Warren, N.M.; editor. Old-growth habitats and associated wildlife species in the northern Rocky Mountains. USDA Forest Service R1-90-42. 47 pp.

Apfelbaum, S.I., Chapman, K.A., 1997. Ecological restoration: a practical approach. In: Ecosystem Management: Applications for Sustainable Forest and Wildlife Resources. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, pp. 301–322

Archuleta, J.G., and E.S. Baxter. 2008. Subsoiling promotes native plant establishment on compacted forest sites. Native Plants Journal 9(2):117-122.

Arno, S.F. 1976. Historical role of fire on the Bitterroot National Forest. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Research Paper INT-187, 29pp.

Arno, S.F.; Scott, J.H.; Hartwell, M.G. 1995. Age-class structure of old-growth ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir stands and its relationship to fire history. Research Paper INT-RP-481, USDA Forest Service Intermountain Research Station.

Ashley, J. 1994. 1992-93 harlequin duck monitoring and inventory in Glacier National Park, Montana. Unpublished report. Division of Research Management, Glacier Natl. Park, Montana. 57 pp.

Aubry, K.B. et al. 2013. Meta-analysis of habitat selection by fishers at resting sites in the Pacific Coastal Region. Journal of Wildlife Management 77(5):965-974.

Aukema, J.E. and A.B. Carey. 2008. Effects of variable-density thinning on understory diversity and heterogeneity in young Douglas-fir forests. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Research Paper, PNW-RP-575 April 2008

B. C. Ministry of Forestry, Canada. 2000. Forest Soil Rehabilitation Guidebook. www.for.gov.bc.ca/tasb/legsregs/fpc/FPCGUIDE/soilreha/REHABTOC.htm [accessed July 8, 2009].

B. C. Ministry of Forestry, Canada. 2002. Forest Soil Conservation and Rehabilitation in British Columbia. Forest Science Publication 70. Southern Interior forest Extension and Research.

Baker, T.G., G.M. Will, and G.R. Oliver. 1989. Nutrient release from silvicultural slash: Leaching and decomposition of Pinus radiata needles. Forest Ecology and Management 27:53-60.

Banci, V. 1989. A fisher management strategy for British Columbia. Wildlife Bulletin No. B-63; British Columbia Ministry of the Environment, Lands and Parks, Wildlife Branch, Victoria, BC.

Bartlet, P.E., C. R. Peterson, R. W. Klaver. 2004. Sexual differences in the post-breeding movements and habitats selected by western toads (Bufo boreas) in Southeastern Idaho. Herpetologica 60:455-467.

Bartos, D.L.; Amman, G.D. 1989. Microclimate: an alternative to tree vigor as a basis for mountain pine beetle infestations. Research Paper INT-400. Ogden, UT. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Reseach Station. 10p.

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Beecham, J. J., C. P. Collins, et al. 2007. "Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep(Ovis canadensis): A Technical Conservation Assessment." from http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/projects/scp/assessments/rockymountainbighornsheep.pdf.

Belt G. H., J. O' Laughlin and T. Merrill. 1992. Design of Forest Riparian Buffer Strips for the Protection of Water Quality: Analysis of Scientific Literature. Idaho Forest, Wildlife and Range Policy Analysis Group, Report No.8, Idaho Forest, Wildlife, and Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho.

Benjamin, J. R. and C. V. Baxter. 2010. Is a trout a trout? A range-wide comparison shows nonnative brook trout exhibit greater density, biomass, and production than native inland cutthroat trout. Biological Invasions 14: 1865-1879.

Bentz, B.J., Regniere, J., Fettig, C.J., Hansen, E.M., Hayes, J.L., Hicke, J.A., Kelsey, R.G., Negron, J.F., Seybold, S.J., 2010. Climate change and bark beetles of the western United States and Canada: direct and indirect effects. BioScience 60, 602–613.

Besaw, Levi M., Giles C. Thelen, Steve Sutherland, Kerry Metlen, and Ragan M. Callaway. 2011. Disturbance, resource pulses and invasion: short-term shifts in competitive effects, not growth responses, favour exotic annuals. Journal of Applied Ecology 2011, 48, 998–1006 (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.01988.x)

Beschta, R.L., Bilby, R.E.; Brown, G.W.; [and others]. 1987. Stream Temperature and Aquatic Habitat: Fisheries and Forestry Interactions. In Streamside Management: Forestry and Fishery Interactions. Salo, E.O. and Cundy, T.W.; editors. Contribution No 57, University of Washington, Institute of Forest Resources. [http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/awa/ripthreatbib/beschta_etal_streamtempaquahab.pdf]

Binkley, D., Sisk, T., Chambers, C., Springer, J., Block, W., 2007. The role of old-growth forests in frequent-fire landscapes. Ecology and Society 12, 18.

Birdsall, J.L., W. McCaughey, and J.B. Runyon. 2012. Roads impact the distribution of noxious weeds more than restoration treatment in a lodgepole pine forest in Montana, USA. Restoration Ecology, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 517-523

Boal, C.W. 1994 and R.W. Mannan. 1994. Northern goshawk diets in ponderosa pine forests on the Kaibab Plateau. Stud. Avian Biol. 16:97-102.

Boerner, R.E., J. Huang, and S.C. Hart. 2009. Impacts of Fire and Fire Surrogate treatments on forest soil properties; a meta-analysis approach. Ecological Applications 19(2):338-358.

Bollenbacher, B, Bush, R. and R. Lundberg. 2009. Estimates of snag densities for western Montana forests in the Northern Region. Region 1 Vegetation, Classification, Inventory, and Analysis Report #09-05, v1.3. 2009.

Bonar, R.L. 2001. Pileated Woodpecker habitat ecology in the Alberta foothills. Thesis. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta. 84pp.

Bonn, J., B. Dixon, E. Kennedy, D. Pengeroth. 2007. Black-backed woodpecker Northern Region overview key findings and project considerations. Version July 13, 2007. USDA Forest Service, Region One, Missoula, Montana.

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Bonnot , T.W. 2006. Nesting ecology of black-backed woodpeckers in mountain pine beetle infestations in the Black Hills, South Dakota. Thesis, University of Missouri, Columbia.

Borrie, W.T., S.F. McCool, and J.G. Whitmore. 2006. Wildland fire effects on visits and visitors to the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex. International Journal of Wilderness, April 2006, Vol. 12, No. 1.

Bowerman, T., B. T. Neilson, and P. Budy. 2014. Effects of fine sediment, hyporheic flow, and spawning site characteristics on survival and development of bull trout embryos. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71: 1059-1071.

Brewer, L. Kennedy, B., Slaughter, S., Erickson, B., Partyka, C., and D. Wrobleski. 2008. Effects of silvicultural treatments on old growth characteristics and associated wildlife habitat. Monitoring paper. Missoula, MT. USDA Forest Service, Lolo National Forest.

Brewer, L.T., R. Bush, J.E. Canfield, A.R. Dohem. 2009. Northern Goshawk Northern Region Overview Key Findings and Project Considerations. USDA Forest Service, Northern Region. 54pp.

Brewer, L.T., R. Bush, J.E. Canfield, and A.R. Dohmen. 2007. Northern Goshawk Northern Region Overview Key Findings and Project Considerations. USDA Forest Service, Northern Region. 1-57.

Brooks, M. and M. Lusk. 2008. Fire Management and Invasive Plants: a Handbook. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Arlington Virginia, 27 pp.

Brown, J.K., Arno, S.F., 1991. The paradox of wildland fire. Western Wildlands 40–46.

Brown, J.K., E.D. Reinhardt, and K.A. Kramer. 2003. Coarse woody debris: managing benefits and fire hazard in the recovering forest. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-105. Ogden UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 16p.

Brunson, Mark and Bo Shelby. 1992. Effects of alternative silvicultural methods on scenic and recreational quality. In: Vander Stoep, Gail A., ed. 1992. Proceedings of the 1991 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium; 1991 April 7-9; Saratoga Springs, NY. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-160. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station: 169-172.

Brunton, Bill. 1998. Kootenai. In Plateau, edited by Deward E. Walker, Jr., pp. 223-237. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 12, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Bull, E.L. and R.S. Holthausen. 1993. Habitat use and management of pileated woodpeckers in northeastern Oregon. Journal of Wildlife Management 57(2):335-345.

Bunnell et al. 1999. Managing to sustain vertebrate richness in forests of the Pacific Northwest: relationships within stands. Environ. Rev. 7, pp. 97–146.

Burton, T.A. 1997. Effects of basin-scale timber harvest on water yield and peak streamflow. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v.33, no. 6, pp.1187-1196.

Bush, R., Berglund, D., Leach, A., Lundberg, R. and A. Zack. 2007. Estimates of old growth for the Northern Region and national forests. Region 1 Vegetation, Classification, Inventory, and Analysis Report #07-06, v1.2.

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Bush, R., R. Lundberg, A. Leach, and B. Bollenbacher. 2003. Detailed estimates of old-growth and large-snags on the Lolo National Forest. USDA Forest Service, Region One, Missoula, Montana. 8pp.

Busse, M.D., K.R Hubbert, and E.Y. Moghaddas. 2014. Fuel Reduction Practices and Their Effects on Soil Quality. Pacific Southwest Research Station General Technical Report PSW-GTR-241. 156p.

Busse, M.D., P.H. Cochran, W.E. Hopkins, W.H. Johnson, G.M. Riegel, G.O. Fiddler, A. W. Ratcliff, and C.J. Shestak. 2009. Developing resilient ponderosa pine forests with mechanical thinning and prescribed fire in central Oregon’s pumice region. Can. J. For. Res. 39:1171-1185.

Campbell, Amy. 2014. Personal conversation with Amy Campbell, Forester, East Zone of the Lolo National Forest with Karen Stockmann, Lolo National Forest, regarding the public reaction to spraying Carbaryl and temporary closures in the Rattlesnake NRA in the summer of 2014.

Canfield, J.E. 2006. Vegetation analysis of goshawk detections and nests from the 2005 survey of Northern Region forests. Report to USDA Forest Service, Northern Region, Missoula, MT.

Carr, T. 1989. An evaluation of forest soil tillage using the winged subsoiler on landings in the Prince George Forest District: A Pilot Study. Contract Report Silviculture Branch, Ministry of Forests, Victoria, B.C. 24p.

Casselli, J., B. Riggers, and A. Rosquist. 1999. Siegel Creek Culvert Removal Water Monitoring Report. Lolo National Forest, Missoula, MT.

Caton, E.L. 1996. Effects of fire and salvage logging on the cavity nesting bird community in Northwest Montana, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Montana, Missoula.

Cerveny, L.K. D.J. Blahna, M.J. Stern, M.J.Mortimer, S.A. Predmore, and J. Freeman. 2001. The use of recreation planning tools in U.S. Forest Service NEPA assessments. Environmental Management (2011) 48:644-657. DOI 10.1007/s00267-011-9701-9

Chavez, Deborah J.; Absher, James D.; Winter, Patricia L., eds. 2008. Fire social science research from the Pacific Southwest Research Station: studies supported by National Fire Plan funds. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSWGTR- 209. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. 251 p.

Childs, T.W., K.R. Shea, and J.L. Stewart. 1971. Elytroderma Disease of Ponderosa Pine. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Forest Pest Leaflet No. 42.

Chmura, D.J., Anderson, P.D., Howe, G.T., Harrington, C.A., Halofsky, J.E., Peterson,D.L., Shaw, D.C., 2011. Forest responses to climate change in the northwestern

Choromanska, U. and T.H. DeLuca. 2002. Microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization in forest mineral soils following heating: evaluation of post-fire effects. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 34: 263-271.

Christensen, Neal, PhD. 2012. Designated national Recreation Areas: Their history, purpose, management, and influence on local communities. The Wilderness Society. April 2012. pp. 45.

Churchill,D.J., A.J. Larson, M.C. Dahlgreen, J.F. Franklin, P.F. Hessburg, J.A. Lutz, 2013. Restoring forest resilience: From reference spatial patterns to silvicultural prescriptions and monitoring. For. Ecol. Manage., 291 (2013), pp. 442–457

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Cilimburg, A and J.S. Young. 2005. Flammulated owl field methods 2005. University of Montana Avian Science Center, Missoula, Montana. 20pp.

Cilimburg, A, K. Smucker, and D.L. Hutto. 2006. Black-backed woodpeckers and the bird community in beetle outbreak areas. University of Montana, Avian Science Center. Final Report. 18pp.

City of Missoula. 2014. Our Missoula Listening Sessions. Access October 2014. http://www.ci.missoula.mt.us/1748/Our-Missoula

Clark, Roger N. and George H. Stankey. 1979. The Recreation Opportunity Spectrum: A framework for planning, management, and research. USDA Forest Service. GTR PNW-98 December 1979.

Clayton, J.L. 1990. Soil disturbance resulting from skidding logs on granitic soil in central Idaho. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-436. Ogden UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 8p.

Clough, L.T. 2000. Nesting habitat selection and productivity of northern goshawks in west-central Montana. M.S. Thesis, University of Montana, Missoula. 87 pp.

Cochran, P.H., Geist, J.M., Clemens, D.L., Clausnitzer, R.R., Powell, D.C., 1994. Suggested stocking levels for forest stands in northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington. Res. Note. PNW-513. U.S. Department of Agriculture/Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.

Cohen, Stan. 2007. Downhill in Montana: Early Day Skiing in the Treasure State and Yellowstone National Park. Pictorial Histories Publishing Co., Inc., Montana.

Cole, W.E., Cahill, D.B., and Lessard, G.D. 1983. Harvesting strategies for management of mountain pine beetle infestations in lodgepole pine: preliminary evaluation, East Long Creek Demonstration area, Shoshone NF, Wyoming. USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. INT-318.

Comer, Daniel S. 2005. Historic Settlement of the Rattlesnake Drainage, Montana: An Archaeological and Historical Perspective. Unpublished Masters’ Thesis, University of Montana, Missoula.

Connor, R.N. 1980. Foraging habitats of woodpeckers in Southwestern Virginia. Journal of Field Ornithology 51(2):119-127.

Connor, R.N. 1981. Seasonal changes in woodpecker foraging patterns. The Auk 98:562-570.

Connor, R.N., O.K. Miller, and C.S. Adkisson. Woodpecker dependence on trees infected by fungal heart rots. The Wilson Bulletin 88(4):575-581.

Copeland and Harris. 1994. Progress report: Wolverine ecology and habitat use in Central Idaho. Cooperative Wildlife Research Project. 35pp

Copeland, J. 1996. Biology of the wolverine in central Idaho. M.S. Thesis, University of Idaho, Moscow. 138 pp.

Copeland, J. P., J. M. Peek, C. R. Groves, W. E. Melquist, K. S. McKelvey, G. S. McDaniel, C. D. Long, and C. E. Harris. 2007. Seasonal habitat associations of the wolverine in central Idaho. Journal of Wildlife Management. 71(7).

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Copeland, J. P., K.S. McKelvey, K. B. Aubry, A. Landa, J. Persson, R.M. Inman, J. Krebs, E. Lofroth, H. Golden, J.R. Squires, A. Magoun, M.K. Schwartz, J. Wilmot, C.L. Copeland, R.E. Yates, I. Kojola, and R. May. 2010. The bioclimatic envelope of the wolverine (Gulo gulo): do climatic constraints limit its geographic distribution? Canadian Journal of Zoology 88: 233-246.

Covington, W.W. and M.M. Moore. 1994. Southwestern ponderosa forest structure, changes since Euro-American settlement. Journal of Forestry 92: 39-47.

Covington, W.W., P.Z. Fulé, M.M. Moore, S.C. Hart, T.E. Kolb, J.N. Mast, S.S. Sackett, and M.R. Wagner. 1997. Restoring Ecosystem Health in Ponderosa Pine Forests of the Southwest.Journal of Forestry 95: 23-29.

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Curtis, Lori. 2010. A Brief History of the People (in Flathead Watershed Sourcebook). Electronic document, http://www.flatheadwatershed.org/cultural_history/history_people.shtml. Accessed November 8, and November 22, 2011.

Czaplewski, Raymond L. 2004. Application of Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Data to Estimate the Amount of Old Growth Forest and Snag Density in the Northern Region of the National Forest System. USDA Forest Service; Research and Development Deputy Area; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Natural Resource Assessment, Ecology, and Management Science Research, Research Work Unit RMRS-4852; 2150 Centre Ave. Bldg. A., Fort Collins, CO 80526. http://fsweb.r1.fs.fed.us/forest/inv/fia_data/analysis.htm

Debano, L.F., D.G. Neary, and P.F. Ffolliott. 1998. Fire Effects on Ecosystems. Wiley and Sons. 175 pages.

DeNitto, Greg. Plant Pathologist. Northern Region. USDA Forest Service. Personal Communication.

DeWalle, D. R. 2010. Modeling stream shade: Riparian buffer height and density as important as buffer width. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 46(2): 323-333.

Diamond, Seth and Pat Finnegan. 1992. Harlequin duck ecology on Montana's Rocky Mountain Front. [Unpublished report]. Rocky Mountain District, Lewis and Clark National Forest, Choteau, MT. 45 pp.

Dixon, R.D.; Saab, V.A. 2000. Black-backed woodpecker (Picoides arcticus). In: The birds of North America, No. 509 (Poole, A.; Gill, F., editors). The Birds of North America, Inc. Philadelphia, PA.

Dodson, E.K. and C.E. Fiedler. 2006. Impacts of restoration treatments on alien plant invasions in Pinus ponderosa forests, Montana, USA. J. Appl. Ecol. 43:887– 897.

Dodson, E.K., Peterson, D.W., Harrod, R.J., 2008. Understory vegetation response to thinning and burning restoration treatments in dry conifer forests of the eastern Cascades, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 255, 3130–3140.

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Dudley, J.G. 2005. Home range size and foraging habitat of black-backed woodpeckers. MS Thesis, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho. 57pp.

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Egan, J. Entomologist. Northern Region. USDA Forest Service. Personal Communication.

Egan, J.M., Kegley, S., Blackford, D., Jorgenson, C.L, tech. eds. Effectiveness of direct and indirect mountain pine beetle control treatments as implemented by the USDA Forest Service. USDA Forest Service, Forest Health and Protection, Report 14-03.

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Elliot, W.J. and Audin, L.J. (Eds.). 2010. Cumulative Watershed Effects of Fuel Management in the Western United States. [Online]. Available: http://forest.moscowfsl.wsu.edu/engr/cwe/

Elliot, W.J., D.E. Hall, D.L. Scheele. 1999. WEPP: Road (Draft 12/1999), WEPP Interface for Predicting Forest Road Runoff, Erosion, and Sediment Delivery. USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Technology and Development Program. San Dimas, CA. http://forest.moscowfsl.wsu.edu/cgi-bin/fswepp/wr/wepproad.pl http://forest.moscowfsl.wsu.edu/fswepp/docs/wepproaddoc.html

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Fettig, C., Gibson, K., Munson, S., Negrón, J. 2014. A comment on “Management for mountain pine beetle outbreak suppression: does relevant science support current policy?”. Forests 5: 822–826.

Fettig, C., Gibson, K., Munson, S., Negrón, J. 2014. Cultural practices for prevention and control of mountain pine beetle infestations. Forest Science 60, http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/forsci.13–032. Finney, M.A., Seli, R.C., McHugh, C.W., Ager, A.A., Bahro, B., Agee, J.K., 2007. Simulation of long-term landscape-level fuel treatment effects on large wildfires. International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, 712–727.

Fettig, C.J.; Gibson, K.E.; Munson, A.S.; Negron, J.F. Cultural practices for prevention and mitigation of mountain pine beetle infestations. 2014. For. Sci.Fettig, C., Klepzig, K., Billings, R., Munson, A., Nebeker, T., Negrón, J. 2007. The effectiveness of vegetation management practices for prevention and control of bark beetle infestations in coniferous forests of the western and southern United States. Forest Ecology and Management 238: 24–53.

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Finney, M.A., Seli, R.C., McHugh, C.W., Ager, A.A., Bahro, B., Agee, J.K., 2007. Simulation of long-term landscape-level fuel treatment effects on large wildfires. International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, 712–727.

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Fredrickson, B.P., C.J. Williams, S.P. Hardegree, M.A. Welts, J.J. Stone, and P.E. Clark. 2011. Fire, plant invasions, and erosion events on western rangelands. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 64(5): 439-449.

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