Marker Proteins in Inflammation Volume 2

Proceedings of the Second Symposium Lyon, France, June 27 - 30,1983

Editors P Arnaud • J. Bienvenu • P Laurent

W D E G

Walter de Gruyter • Berlin • New York 1984

Editors Philippe Arnaud, Ph. D., M. D. Department of Basic and Clinical Immunology and Microbiology Medical University of South Carolina 171 Ashley Road Charleston, South Carolina 29403 U.S.A. Jacques Bienvenu, M. D. Biochemical Laboratory Höpital Jules Courmont F-69310 Pierre Benite France Philippe Laurent, M.D. Department of Immunology Institut Pasteur de Lyon 77, Rue Pasteur F - 69365 Lyon Cedex 2 France

CIP'Kurztitelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek M a r k e r p r o t e i n s in i n f l a m m a t i o n : proceedings of the . . . symposium. - Berlin ; New York : de Gruyter Vol. 2. Proceedings of the second symposium, Lyon, France, June 27-30 ,1983. -1984. ISBN 3-11-009872-5

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Main entry under title: Marker proteins in inflammation, volume 2.

Proceedings of the "Second Symposium sur les marqueurs de I'inflammation," sponsored by the Groupe d'etude et de recherche sur les marqueurs de I*inflammation (GERMI)

Bibliography: p. Includes indexes. 1. Inflammation—Congresses. 2. Proteins—Congresses.

I. Arnaud, P (Philippe) II. Bienvenu, J. (Jacques), 1950- . III. Laurent, P (Philippe), 1949- . IV Symposium sur les marqueurs de Pinflammation (2nd : 1983 : Lyon, France) V Groupe d'etude et de recherche sur les marqueurs de Pinflammation (France) [DNLM: 1. Blood Proteins—diagnostic use—congresses. 2. Blood Proteins-immunology—congresses. 3. Inflammation—congresses. QZ150 M3451983] RB131.M353 1984 616\0473 84-9462 ISBN 3-11-009872-5

Copyright © 1984 by Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 30. All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form - by photoprint, microfilm or any other means nor transmitted nor translated into a machine language without written permission from the publisher. Printing: Gerike GmbH, Berlin. - Binding: Dieter Mikolai, Berlin. Printed in Germany

PREFACE

In the l a s t week in June 1983, more than 250 research s c i e n t i s t s and

c l i n i c i a n s met at the Faculte Alexis C a r r e l , a School of Medicine

(University, Claude Bernard, Lyon-I) located in Lyon, France. The

participants had come from f i f t e e n countries to participate in the

"Second Symposium sur les Marqueurs de 1' Inf 1 animation" under the

sponsorship of the "Groupe d1

Etude et de Recherche sur les Marqueurs de

1' Inf 1 animation" (GERMI). The topics for t h i s second symposium had been

chosen by the International S c i e n t i f i c Committee of GERMI in order to

provide a comprehensive view of the different aspects of the wide f i e l d

of Marker Proteins in Inflammation and t h e i r c l i n i c a l implications.

The proceedings begins with a series of papers concerning the mechanism

of Acute Phase Reactant Proteins synthesis and the roles such proteins

play in host defenses, a subject of perennial interest which was the

main theme running throughout the meeting. The next three sections are

devoted respectively to the protease anti-protease interplay in lung

diseases, the importance of Acute Phase Proteins measurement in biological

f l u i d s for the diagnosis of j o i n t diseases, and diseases of the central

nervous system. The fourth section of the book deals with the role of

z i n c , protein deprivation, and malnutrition in host defenses. The f i f t h

section features a group of papers on animal models of inflammation.

F i n a l l y , the l a s t section of the book reports on conferences held

during a s a t e l l i t e l e c t i n s workshop arranged by Drs. Michel Caron et

Alain Faure, which was devoted to three complementary aspects of l e c t i n s :

their use as a tool for the study of glycoconjugates, their biological

functions, and their a f f i n i t y and s p e c i f i c i t y .

We wish to express our deepest gratitude to Professor Frank W. Putnam

of the department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Indiana

University (Bloomington, Indiana, USA) who was the outstanding president

VI

of this Symposium. We also want to extend our thanks to Professor

Henry Gewürz, department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush Medical

College (Chicago, USA), Professor Robert Engler, department of Bio­

chemistry, UER des Saints Peres ( P a r i s , France) and Professor Roger

Creyssel, department of Biochemistry UER Grange Blanche (Lyon, France),

who acted as Symposium Co-Presidents and whose knowledge and under­

standing in the f i e l d made the program and i t s conferences possible.

We wish to thank the members of the Organizing Committee for thei r

support and help. This includes Helene Bernon, Jacques Bienvenu,

Philippe Laurent, Abel Roullet, and J.L. Touraine. The following

i n s t i t u t i o n s provided financial and practical support: GERMI, I n s t i t u t

Pasteur de Lyon et du Sud E s t , Fondation Merieux, Societe Francaise

d1

Immunologie, Association des Anciens Internes et Internes en

Pharmacie de Lyon, Commission Medicale Consultative de Hospices C i v i l s

de Lyon, BioMerieux, Travenol France, Du Pont de Nemours, Hoechst-

Behring, Boehringer Mannheim, Technicon, Roger Bellon. We would also

l i k e to express our sincere gratitude to Professor Maurice Carraz,

Director of the Pasteur I n s t i t u t e of Lyon for his important help, and

Dr. Charles Merieux, who hosted the International S c i e n t i f i c Advisory

Committee of GERMI and organized the social events. We would l i k e to

express our thanks to a l l other individuals, companies and i n s t i t u t i o n s

who contributed to the success of the symposium.

The fact that expert researchers agreed to write papers on this rather

new and important subject has made our job a considerable pleasure. We

also extend our gratitude to the s t a f f of Walter de Gruyter, B e r l i n ,

whose labors have led to the rapid publication of this second volume

on Marker Proteins in Inflammation.

February 1984 P. Arnaud

J . Bienvenu

P. Laurent

CONTENTS

S E C T I O N I T H E I N F L A M M A T O R Y RESPONSE AND ACUTE PHASE

R E A C T A N T P R O T E I N S

I n d u c t i o n and C o n t r o l o f Acute Phase Reactant Synthesis I . Kushner 3

Use of Immunomorphological Methods and Hemolytic Plaque Tests t o I n v e s t i g a t e the Syn t h e s i s and S e c r e t i o n o f Plasma P r o t e i n s by the L i v e r C e l l s During the Acute In f l a m m a t o r y R e a c t i o n G. Feldmann 15

Progress i n Plasma P r o t e i n s : Recent F i n d i n g s on the S t r u c t u r e o f Ce r u l o p l a s m i n F.W. Putnam 2 5

Recent F i n d i n g s on the I s o e l e c t r i c P o i n t s o f Human C-Reactive P r o t e i n P. Lau r e n t , D.L. Emerson, R.C. A l l e n , P. Arnaud 43

SAA i s a more S e n s i t i v e Marker f o r Chronic I n f l a m m a t o r y Disease than C-Reactive P r o t e i n o r c^-Acid G l y c o p r o t e i n R.E. Chambers, J.T. Whicher 47

Ela s t a s e - a ^ P r o t e i n a s e I n h i b i t o r Complex (E-a-^PI) and C-Reactive P r o t e i n (CRP): E a r l y I n d i c a t o r s o f Inflamma­t o r y Processes M. Jochum, K.H. Duswald, H. D i t t m e r , S. Neumann 51

Human K a i l i k r e i n - K i n i n o g e n - K i n i n s (KKK) System and Acute-Phase Reactant P r o t e i n s (APRP) i n Humans Undergoing E x t r a c o r p o r e a l C i r c u l a t i o n (ECC) M.E, F a y m o n v i l l e , A. Adam, P. Malengreaux, J. Damas, P. Ers, M. H u l o t , M. Lamy, J. Lecomte 57

VIII

E f f e c t o f Non S t e r o d i a l A n t i - I n f l a m m a t o r y Drug ( N i f l u m i q u e Acide) on Acute Phase P r o t e i n Response. P. La u r e n t , A. D e l v i l , J. Bienvenu, C. Lahet, B. C o l i n , J.P. Rebattu, L.F. P e r r i n 71

T r a n s c o r t i n A c t i v i t i e s , C o r t i s o l and Progesterone i n P a t h o l o g i c a l Sera: I n f l a m m a t i o n , S e p t i c Shock, Renal and Cardiac Diseases H. Zouaghi, L. Savu, E.A. Nunez, A. C a r l i , D. K l e i n k n e c h t , C. Guerot 75

Measurement o f Human High M o l e c u l a r Weight Kininogen (HMW-K) by Laser Nephelometry A. Adam, G. Calay, P. Ers, H. De Hertogh 79

S E C T I O N I I B I O L O G I C A L ROLES OF A C UTE PHASE

R E A C T A N T P R O T E I N S

Functions o f Acute Phase P r o t e i n s i n the I n f l a m m a t o r y Response J.T. Whicher 89

I n t e r a c t i o n o f the Acute Phase Reactants a^-Acid Glyco­p r o t e i n , C-Reactive P r o t e i n and Serum Amyloid P-Compo-nent w i t h P l a t e l e t s and the C o a g u l a t i o n System B.A. F i e d e l 99

Monoclonal A n t i b o d i e s as Probes o f Complement F u n c t i o n S. Ruddy 125

Mod u l a t i o n o f Formation o f t he C3 A m p l i f i c a t i o n Convertase of Human Complement by Acute Phase P r o t e i n s E. F i s c h e r , M. Pontet, F. D e l e r s , N. Tran Quang, M. Kazatchkine, R. E n l e r 135

Ma t e r n o - T r o p h o b l a s t i c R e l a t i o n s h i p i n Normal Human Preg­nancy and Recurrent Spontaneous A b o r t i o n W.P. Faulk, C.-J. Yeh, B.-L. Hsi 139

IX

Chemotactic F a c t o r s i n the Airspaces t h a t may Modulate I n f l a m m a t i o n H. Reynolds, C. Roth-Fouret 153

S E C T I O N I I I P R O T E A S E A N T I - P R O T E A S E I N T E R A C T I O N S

AND LUNG D I S E A S E S

Human - A n t i c h y m o t r y p s i n : P u r i f i c a t i o n , P r o p e r t i e s and Reactions w i t h some Serine Proteases A. Laine, A. Hayem, M. D a v r i l 171

A l p h a , - A n t i t r y p s i n - P r o t e a s e I n t e r a c t i o n s : The B i o l o g i c a l Aspect P. Arnaud, E. Gianazza 181

On the I n t e r a c t i o n Between Human L i v e r Cathepsin L and the two C y s t e i n e P r o t e i n a s e s I n h i b i t o r s Present i n Human Serum M. Pagano, R. E n g l e r , F. Esnard, F. Ga u t h i e r 203

Modula t i o n o f Human Lymphocyte Responses by o t ^ - A n t i t r y p s i n and c ^ - M a c r o g l o b u l i n J.-P. R e v i l l a r d , G. C o r d i e r , J. Bata, M. La t o u r 207

Mediators o f I n f l a m m a t i o n i n In f l a m m a t o r y A l v e o l i t i s R.G. C r y s t a l , J.F. C o r d i e r 219

I d i o p h a t h i c Pulmonary F i b r o s i s . M u l t i p a r a m e t r i c E v a l u a t i o n of A l v e o l a r Lymphocyte and Macrophage A c t i v a t i o n J.F. Mornex, G. C o r d i e r , B. Lahneche, J. Pages, P. Chauvot, J.M. Vergnon, T. Wiesendanger, R. L o i r e , M. V i n c e n t , J.F. C o r d i e r , F. Mornex, J.-P.Revi1lard, J. Brune 223

The Alpha.. P r o t e i n a s e I n h i b i t o r o f the Lower R e s p i r a t o r y T r a c t . E f f e c t o f C i g a r e t t e Smoking A. P e l l e t i e r , C. Boudier, G. P a u l i , J.G. B i e t h 227

X

C o l l a g e n o l y t i c Enzymes and F i b r o s i s o f the Lung J.F. C o r d i e r , 0. Benzerara, Y. Lasne, J. Brune, R. Touraine 231

E l a s t o l y t i c A c t i v i t i e s and P r o t e i n a s e I n h i b i t o r s i n Sputum from P a t i e n t s w i t h C y s t i c F i b r o s i s J.M. T o u r n i e r , J. Jacquot, E. P u c h e l l e , P. Sadoul, J.-P. C h a z a l e t t e 235

Serum Derived P r o t e i n s and A n t i b a c t e r i a l P r o t e i n s i n C y s t i c F i b r o s i s Sputum J. Jacquot, J.M. T o u r n i e r , E. P u c h e l l e , P. Sadoul, J.-P. C h a z a l e t t e 239

A l v e o l a r F i b r o n e c t i n and I n t e r s t i t i a l Lung Diseases N. B i o t , D. Gindre, R. Harf, F. Marechal, B. V e r c o u s t r e , M. P e r r i n - F a y o l l e 243

S a r c o i d o s i s : IgG, &2 M i c r o g l o b u l i n and E v o l u t i v i t y . D. Duchassaing, P. L e c l e r c , M. C a m b i l l a u , 0. de F enoyl, M. P a r i s 247

a-^-Proteinase I n h i b i t o r i n Meconium from Healthy I n f a n t s and I n f a n t s w i t h C y s t i c F i b r o s i s P. L a f o n t , Y. B a r b i e r , M. B a r b i e r , J. Mathian, R.C. Boisson, I . G a r c i a , R. G i l l y 251

Q u a l i t a t i v e A n a l y s i s o f P r o t e i n s of A l v e o l a r F l u i d : A Study by U l t r a - T h i n Layer Immunoelectrophoresis and E l e c t r o f o c u s i n g C. C h a p u i s - C e l l i e r , J.-F. C o r d i e r , J.-M. Vergnon, A. Penet, J. Brune 255

P r o t e a s e - A n t i p r o t e a s e Imbalance i n Lung Diseases J.F. Mornex, R.G. C r y s t a l 261

XI

S E C T I O N I V I N F L A M M A T I O N AND A R T I C U L A R D I S E A S E S

The Acute Phase Response i n Connective Tissue Disease I . Rowe 273

The GLA-Containing P r o t e i n o f Bone P.D. Delmas 281

Role o f an Acute Phase Reactant, R e t r o v i r a l gp70, i n Murine SLE S. I z u i , I . Hara 295

Study o f 8 Marker P r o t e i n s o f I n f l a m m a t i o n i n Sy n o v i a l F l u i d and Serum o f P a t i e n t s w i t h J o i n t Diseases P. Bourg, B. C a r t i e r , M. Mathieu, C. Collombel 305

F i b r o n e c t i n i n A r t h r o p a t h i e s J. Lecocq, N.Y. Lecocq, L. Asch, M. Roth, M.L. North 311

S E C T I O N V I N F L A M M A T O R Y D I S E A S E S OF NERVOUS S Y S T E M

M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s : Clues f o r a Pathogenesis C. Confavreux, P. Arnaud 319

Immunoglobulins i n Neuropathology A. Lowenthal 339

C e l l u l a r I n f l a m m a t o r y Response i n C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d s C. Caudie, 0. Freney, F. Touraine 345

E v a l u a t i o n o f CSF Lymphocyte Subsets Using the OKT Series of Monoclonal A n t i b o d i e s (OKT 3 +, 0 K T 4 + / OKT g +) i n Various N e u r o l o g i c a l Diseases G. Servoz, F. Touraine, C. Quincy 355

XII

C y t o l o g i c a l Study and P r o t e i n P r o f i l e i n C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d , Before and During Treatment o f N e u r o s y p h i l i s 0. Freney, C. Caudie, S. Gas, C. Quincy 359

C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d Cytology and P r o t e i n Parameters i n 219 M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s S. Gas, C. Caudie, C. Quincy 365

I n t e r p r e t a t i o n o f the P r o t e i n P r o f i l e o f C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d i n C h i l d r e n L. Gerbaut, G. Ponsot 369

C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d F e r r i t i n : I n t e r e s t as B i o l o g i c a l Marker o f C e n t r a l Nervous System Tumors P. A n t o i n e , R. L a t e r , J.C. Eynard, F. Durand, B. Marechal, C. Quincy 375

C l i n i c a l Relevance o f Beta 2 M i c r o g l o b u l i n Levels o f the C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d i n C h i l d r e n w i t h Acute E n c e p h a l i t i s E.J. Raynaud, F. Demeocq, P. V a n l i e f e r i n g h e n , G. Malpuech, G. G a i l l a r d 379

E l e c t r o p h o r e t i c a l P a t t e r n s of A c e t y l c h o l i n e s t e r a s e i n C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d J.C. F r o t , F. M u l l e r , P. G i r a u d e t 383

C h o l i n e s t e r a s e Isoenzymes o f C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d and G u i 1 l a i n - B a r r e Syndrome A. S i m p l o t , S. Guibaud, A. M e r c a t e l l o , D. Robert, 0. Robert 387

Lymphocytotoxic and Monocytotoxic A n t i b o d i e s i n M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s L. Rumbach, M.M. Tongio, J.M. Warter, C. Marescaux, M. C o l l a r d , S. Mayer 391

I n t e r e s t o f a High R e s o l u t i o n Agarose Gel E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s System (Panagel w i t h a S i l v e r S t a i n i n g R e v e l a t i o n i n the Study of C e r e b r o s p i n a l F l u i d (CSF) Immunoglobulin G E. Plan, J.B. Seneterre, C. Quincy 395

XIII

Two Dimensional E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s o f CSF P r o t e i n s : E l e c t r o ­p h o r e s i s Q u a l i t y C o n t r o l S. Gehamy, S. Reynier, C. Caudie, C. Quincy 401

S E C T I O N V I I N F L A M M A T I O N AND M A L N U T R I T I O N

A n t h r o p o m e t r i c and B i o l o g i c a l C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f M a l n u t r i t i o n S t a t e s i n Man C. Andre, S. Daniere 409

New F i n d i n g s on the Role o f Zinc as a B i o l o g i c a l Response M o d i f i e r S. Cunningham-Rundles ... ........ 421

Immunodeficiency i n P r o t e i n o r V i t a m i n A Deprived Mice P. Binder, B. Gassies, R. Fontanges 429

Immunological Consequences o f P r o t e i n D e p r i v a t i o n i n Primates S. Qazza 439

Serum Thymic F a c t o r (FTS) Contents o f the Thymus i n Undernourished Senegalese C h i l d r e n B. Jambon, 0, Z i e g l e r , B. M a i r e , G. Parent, M.C. Bene, G. Faure, A. P a t r i s , J. D u h e i l l e 453

The C l i n i c o - P a t h o l o g i c a l Consequences of Severe P r o t e i n -Energy M a l n u t r i t i o n i n Deceased Senegalese C h i l d r e n 0. Z i e g l e r , B. Jambon, G. Parent, M. Maire, R. D a r d e l i n , M. F a l l , J. D u h e i l l e 457

P r o t e i n P r o f i l e and Thymic F u n c t i o n i n Protein-Energy M a l n u t r i t i o n w i t h o u t Surimposed I n f e c t i o n s : Anorexia Nervosa F. B l e i b e r g , S. Wade, D. Lemonnier, M. Dardenne, H. F l a v i g n y , A. Mosse, J. L u b e t z k i , P. Chapuis, D. Roche 461

XIV

M a l n u t r i t i o n i n Cancer and Cachectic P a t i e n t s F, B o z z e t t i 465

Marker P r o t e i n s o f I n f l a m m a t i o n and N u t r i t i o n i n Advanced Cancer L. Deneux, M. Magalhaes, H. Magdelenat, P. P o u i l l a r t 477

N u t r i t i o n a l and I n f l a m m a t o r y S t a t u s i n 26 Cases o f M a l i g n a n t Hemopathies of the I n f a n c y F. Bienvenu, A. Rochette, G. S o u i l l e t 481

Comparison between CRP Serum Values and H e m a t o l o g i c a l Parameters f o r Diagnosis and T h e r a p e u t i c S u r v e i l l a n c e o f Neonatal I n f e c t i o n s C. B e n a t t a r , D. V a u z e l l e , A. Lindenbaum, J.F. Magny 485

C o n t r i b u t i o n o f P r i n c i p a l Components A n a l y s i s t o the Study o f I n f l a m m a t o r y and N u t r i t i o n a l S t a t u s on I n t e n s i v e Care P a t i e n t s J.P. C l a v e l , D. Gerbet, M.C. Diemert, J. G a l l i , A. G a l l i , P. Glaser 489

E f f e c t s o f N u t r i t i o n on the P o s t - O p e r a t i v e Serum Levels o f Prealbumin (PA), T r a n s f e r r i n (T) and F i b r o n e c t i n (FN) J.F. Zazzo, B. M i l l a t , D. V a u z e l l e , A. A b e l l a 493

Surgery Induced M o d i f i c a t i o n s o f Plasma P r o t e i n Levels A. Lepape, J.P. P e r d r i x , B. Rondelet, V. B a n s s i l l o n , J. Bienvenu, H. Bernon, A. R o u l l e t , P. L a u r ent 497

Study o f 8 Plasma P r o t e i n s d u r i n g a Case o f Severe Heat Stroke J.P. P e r d r i x , A. Lepape, J.M. G r o z e l , V. B a n s s i l l o n , J. Bienvenu, M. Manchon, H. Bernon, A. R o u l l e t 503

Serum P r o t e i n P r o f i l e E v o l u t i o n a f t e r Sub-Total Hepatectomy M. David, A. Lobera, D. Maree, E. Legrand 507

XV

M a l n u t r i t i o n and Immunity i n Chronic Heavy D r i n k e r s w i t h and w i t h o u t C i r r h o s i s D. V u i t t o n , P. R o l l i n , P. Jeambrun, H. Allemand, M.T. H e n r i e t , P. Herve, J.P. Miguet 513

B i o l o g i c a l N u t r i t i o n a l Markers which P o o r l y R e f l e c t the A c t i v i t y o f Crohn's Disease L. Descos, C. Andre, F. Andre, P. Landais, J. Fermanian 519

P r e d i c t i o n o f Success o r F a i l u r e o f P a r e n t e r a l A l i m e n t a t i o n i n the Treatment o f Severe Forms o f Crohn's Disease and R e c t o c o l i t i s C. Andre, L. Descos, N. St r e m s d o r f e r 523

Albumin Assay w i t h A s t r a 8 by a Technique Using Bromocresol Green: Q u a l i t y C r i t e r i a , Comparison w i t h Nephelometry J. Oglobine, B. Bouchet, Z. P o u r s h a i d i , A. Desplaces 527

Q u a n t i t a t i v e E stimate o f the N u t r i o n a l S t atus Through the Measurement o f the E l e c t r i c a l Body Impedence A.L. Thomasset, C. R o u l l e t , J. L e n o i r 531

S E C T I O N V I I MARKER P R O T E I N S I N E X P E R I M E N T A L MODELS

OF I N F L A M M A T I O N

C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f C i r c u l a t i n g A l p h a - l - A c i d - G l y c o -p r o t e i n i n Normal and I n f l a m m a t o r y Mice P.M.H. Heegaard, J. Bienvenu, I . Sabbagh, A. D e l v i l , P. L a u r e n t , T.C. B0g-Hansen 539

The I n f l a m m a t o r y R e a c t i o n o f the Developing Rat: Responses o f Serum S t e r o i d Hormones and P r o t e i n s H. Zouaghi, L.Savu, R. Vranckx, M.E. M a r t i n , E.A. Nunez .. 549

The E f f e c t s o f E t h i n y l - O e s t r a d i o l and o f Acute Inflamma­t i o n on the Plasma Level o f Rat Alpha 1-Acid Glyco­p r o t e i n and on the C e l l - F r e e T r a n s l a t i o n o f i t s Hepatic mRNA M. Diarry-Mehrpour, J. Bourguignon, I . L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , D. Vercaigne, D. Biou, M. H i r o n , J.P. Lebreton 553

XVI

Evidence f o r the I d e n t y Between Alpha 1-Cysteine-P r o t e i n a s e - I n h i b i t o r and Alpha 1-Acute-Phase G l o b u l i n i n Rat Serum F. Esnard, L. Wibissono, C. Lombart, F. G a u t h i e r 557

Changes i n C o n c e n t r a t i o n o f F i v e Rat Serum P r o t e i n a s e -I n h i b i t o r s D u ring Experimental Diabetes. P o s s i b l e Relevance t o Non Enzymatic G l y c o s y l a t i o n F. Esnard, A. Lepape, W.T. Stauber, J.D. G u i t t o n , F. G a u t h i e r 561

Acute Phase Reactants, Thromboxane and P r o s t a c y c l i n D u r i n g Calcium Pyrophosphate-Induced P l e u r i s y i n the Rat M. T i s s o t , M. S o l i e r , J.P. Giroud, M. D'Asniere, R. Engler 565

Study o f the G l y c o s y l a t e d V a r i a n t s o f Chicken Haptoglobin F. D e l e r s , M. Domingo, Y. Rondeau, R. Engler 569

Evidence f o r the Presence i n Chicken Plasma o f a Ligand f o r H a p t o g l o b i n which D i f f e r s from Hemoglobin F. D e l e r s , M. Domingo, Y. Rondeau, R. Engler 575

E f f e c t o f an Acute I n f l a m m a t o r y Reaction on t h e Hapto­g l o b i n , Albumin, Cytochrome P-450 Contents and Glucose-6-Phosphatase A c t i v i t y i n Hepatic Microsomal F r a c t i o n s i n the Rat J.L. Mahu, G. Feldmann, R. Engler 581

C i r c a d i a n V a r i a t i o n i n PMN-Migration Induced by L i v e BCG i n Swiss Mice J.P. Bureau, L. G a r r e l l y , M. Coupe, G. Labrecque 585

S E C T I O N V I I I L E C T I N S

I n t r o d u c t i v e Notes M. Caron, A. Faure 591

XVII

P a r t 1: L e c t i n s as Tools

The Use of L e c t i n s t o Study Changes i n Rat Membrane G l y c o p r o t e i n s Induced by O r a l C o n t r a c e p t i v e s B. Toor, L. McGregor, J. McGregor, S. Renaud, K.J. Clemetson 597

I d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f Cytoplasmic and Membrane P l a t e l e t G l y c o p r o t e i n s Using a Combination o f SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s and 125- [-Labelled L e c t i n s P. C l e z a r d i n , J.L. McGregor, E. James, M. Dechavanne, K.J. Clemetson 601

C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n o f Human Epidermal G l y c o p r o t e i n s Recognized by the L e c t i n s Con A and PNA P.W. Ledger, A. Reano, J.Y. Bonnefoy, J. T h i v o l l e t 605

F l u o r e s c e n t L e c t i n s and Q u a n t i t a t i v e Microscopy M.A. Deugnier, X. Albe, J.C. B i s c o n t e 609

E f f e c t s o f Serum on L e c t i n - I n d u c e d Lymphocyte P r o l i f e r a t i o n P.J. Neveu, D. Perdoux 613

Concanavalin A and Prothrombin Complex M. Cou l e t , M.J. Bezou, P. Travade 615

M o d i f i c a t i o n of Thymidine T r a n s p o r t i n L e c t i n -S t i m u l a t e d Lymphocytes P. Beaudry, A. S h a r i f , Y. Goussault 619

I n d u c t i o n o f a Thymidine Metabolisme Enzyme i n Human Lymphocytes S t i m u l a t e d by the R o b i n i a pseudoacacia L e c t i n A. S h a r i f , P. Beaudry, Y. Goussault 621

L e c t i n s o f Robi n i a pseudoacacia J. Wantyghem, C. Goulut, J.P. Frenoy, Y. Goussault 625

XVIII

S p e c i f i c i t y o f Human Plasma F i b r o n e c t i n Towards B i o m a t e r i a l s M. Caron, A. Faure, D. G u l i n o , C. Boisson, J. J o z e f o n v i c z 627

Study o f the G l y c o s y l a t e d P o p u l a t i o n s o f Plasma Alpha 1-Acid G l y c o p r o t e i n i n Human Bre a s t Cancer P a t i e n t s T r e a t e d w i t h Tamoxifen I . L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , J.P. Le b r e t o n , M. H i r o n , F. Sauger, C. V e y r e t , P. B a s t i t 631

Physico-chemical and Biochemical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f the Con-A Reactive and Non Reactiv e M o l e c u l a r V a r i a n t s o f Human Alpha 1-Acid G l y c o p r o t e i n I . L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , M. H i r o n , M. F o n t a i n e , J.P. L e b r e t o n , J.P. K e r c k a e r t , B. Bayard 635

P a r t 2: B i o l o g i c a l F u n c t i o n s o f L e c t i n s

B i o l o g i c a l F unctions o f L e c t i n s M. Caron, M.A. Deugnier, R. J o u b e r t , P.P. Rouge 641

L o c a l i z a t i o n and B i o s y n t h e s i s o f La t h y r u s ochrus Seeds L e c t i n C. Boisseau, H. Causse, A. Moisand, D. Pere, B. Sousa-Cavada, P. Rouge 651

Surface and T o t a l Receptors f o r A s i a l o g l y c o p r o t e i n s i n Hepatocytes from D i a b e t i c Rats G. Durand, M. Dodeur, J.P.Dumont, S. Coumoul, J. Agneray, J. Feger 655

P a r t 3: A f f i n i t y and S p e c i f i c i t y o f L e c t i n s

L e c t i n ( s ) - Lig a n d ( s ) I n t e r a c t i o n s J.P. Frenoy 661

XIX

A Comparative Study o f A f f i n i t y Constants Measured by D i f f e r e n t Methods, Between Peanut L e c t i n and Sugars w i t h G a l a c t o s y l M o d i f i e d on C ( 6 ) o r C ( l ) J. Ohanessian, M. Caron 6 6 5

E f f e c t o f pH on B i n d i n g P r o p e r t i e s o f Peanut A g g l u t i n i n (PNA) M. D e c a s t e l , J.P. Frenoy 6 7 1

Use o f L e c t i n s t o Examine the M i c r o h e t e r o g e n e i t y o f Rat Hemopexin N. Bernard, R. Vranckx 6 7 3

AUTHOR I N D E X 6 7 9

S U B J E C T I N D E X 6 8 3

ELASTASE-aiPROTEINASE INHIBITOR COMPLEX (E-a PI) AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP): EARLY INDICATORS OF INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES.

1 2 2 Marianne Jochum, Karl-Heimo Duswald, Hartmut D i t t m e r and 3

S i e g f r i e d Neumann 1

Dept. o f C l i n . Chem. and C l i n . Biochem. o f t h e S u r g i c a l C l i -2

n i c s , U n i v e r s i t y o f Munich, D-8000 Munich 2 3

Biochem. Research E. Merck , D-6100 Darmstadt 1

I n t r o d u c t i o n

I n t h e course o f i n f l a m m a t o r y processes s t i m u l a t i o n o f phagocy­t o s i s and p r o d u c t i o n o f acute phase r e a c t a n t s are c l o s e l y con­nected. Whereas acute phase p r o t e i n s are s y n t h e s i z e d as r e g u l a ­t o r s o f t h e i n f l a m m a t o r y response d e n o v o by t h e l i v e r c e l l s , lysosomal enzymes of phagocytes are p r e f o r m e d and can be r e l e a s e d immediately i n t o t h e c i r c u l a t i o n d u r i n g f r u s t r a t e d p hagocytosis o r c e l l d i s i n t e g r a t i o n . I n t h i s way, e s p e c i a l l y lysosomal p r o t e i n a s e s from PMN g r a n u l o c y t e s l i k e e l a s t a s e (E) may cause d e s t r u c t i v e processes b e f o r e t h e y are i n a c t i v a t e d by plasma p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r s , e.g. - p r o t e i n ­ase i n h i b i t o r ( o ^ P I ) . I n c r e a s e d l e v e l s o f t h e E-a^PI complex should be, t h e r e f o r e , a c l e a r i n d i c a t i o n o f t he involvement o f lysosomal p r o t e i n a s e s i n t he i n f l a m m a t o r y response ( 1 ) .

M a t e r i a l and Methods

Using a r e c e n t l y developed enzyme-linked immunoassay (2) we de­t e r m i n e d the plasma l e v e l s o f E-ot^PI i n 41 p a t i e n t s s u b j e c t e d t o major abdominal s u r g e r y as w e l l as i n 27 p a t i e n t s s u f f e r i n g from m u l t i p l e trauma. The acute phase r e a c t a n t s C - r e a c t i v e p r o ­t e i n (CRP) , - a n t i c h y m o t r y p s i n (cx^AC) and C 1 - i n a c t i v a t o r (C1 INA) were e v a l u a t e d by r a d i a l i m m u n o d i f f u s i o n (LC- o r M-P a r t i g e n , Behringwerke Marburg, FRG); a - - p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r

Marker Proteins in Inflammation, Vol. 2 © 1984 Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin • New York - Printed in Germany

52

(cx^pi) and cc^-plasmin i n h i b i t o r (ct^pi) were measured by t h e i r i n h i b i t o r y a c t i o n on t h e t a r g e t enzyme u s i n g chromogenic p e p t i ­de s u b s t r a t e s (Chromozym T r y , Boehringer Mannheim FRG and S-2251, Kabi Stockholm, Sweden, r e s p e c t i v e l y ) .

R esults and D i s c u s s i o n

Septicemia

T h i r t y o f 41 p a t i e n t s s u b j e c t e d t o major abdominal s u r g e r y s u f ­f e r e d from s e p t i c e m i a d u r i n g t h e p o s t o p e r a t i v e phase. Of these p a t i e n t s 14 s u r v i v e d t h e i n f e c t i o n (group B) whereas the o t h e r 16 d i e d as a d i r e c t r e s u l t o f s e p t i c e m i a (group C). The 11 pa­t i e n t s w i t h o u t p o s t o p e r a t i v e i n f e c t i o n served as c o n t r o l s (group A ) .

Abdominal surgery ( F i g . 1) was f o l l o w e d by an i n c r e a s e o f E-a^ PI up t o 3 - f o l d o f the mean standa r d v a l u e (60 t o 110 n g / m l ) . P a t i e n t s s u f f e r i n g from p r e o p e r a t i v e i n f e c t i o n s (6 o u t o f 16 i n group C), showed a l r e a d y s i g n i f i c a n t l y e l e v a t e d p r e o p e r a t i v e E-ct^PI l e v e l s . Immediately a f t e r s u r g e r y , a s l i g h t decrease was observed, p r o b a b l y due t o e l i m i n a t i o n o f t h e i n f e c t i o n f o c u s . Before onset of s e p s i s , t h e E-a^PI c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f groups B and C showed a moderate e l e v a t i o n b u t no s i g n i f i c a n t changes compared t o the e a r l y p o s t o p e r a t i v e l e v e l s . However, a t t h e be­g i n n i n g of s e p t i c e m i a a h i g h l y s i g n i f i c a n t i n c r e a s e o f t h e E-o^PI l e v e l s c o u l d be d e t e c t e d , up t o 6 - f o l d i n group B and up t o 1 0 - f o l d i n group C. Peak l e v e l s were found t o be h i g h e r t h a n 2 500 ng/ml i n b o t h groups. The E-a^PI l e v e l s o f s e p t i c p a t i e n t s who recovered showed a c l e a r tendency towards normal v a l u e s . I n p a t i e n t s w i t h p e r s i s t i n g s e p t i c e m i a , h i g h l e v e l s o f E-a^PI were measured u n t i l death.

D a i l y measurements o f p r e - and e a r l y p o s t o p e r a t i v e v a l u e s o f CRP and E-a^PI i n the c o n t r o l and s e p t i c e m i a groups designed b o t h f a c t o r s as b e i n g s i m i l a r l y s e n s i b l e t o t h e i n f l a m m a t o r y s t i m u l u s ( F i g . 1 ) . I n c o n t r a s t t o the E-a PI l e v e l s , however, the CRP l e v e l s d i d n o t a l l o w d i s c r i m i n a t i o n o f t h e s e v e r i t y o f

53

Fig. 1. Plasma levels of E-o^Pl

CRP

complex and CRP i n patients with major abdominal surgery. A = without pop. I . B = survival of pop. I . C = death due to pop. I . (pop. I . = postoperative infec­tion) . Data are given as mean values for the day before operation, the day a f t e r operation, the period before onset of sepsis and the course of septicemia. The l a s t determinations were done on the days of discharge (D) i n group A, recovery (R) i n group B, and before death (t) i n group C. Normal range (nr) of E-ct^PI: 60-110 ng/ml.

t h e i n f e c t i o n i n the l a t e r p o s t o p e r a t i v e phase, n e i t h e r a t onset nor d u r i n g s e p t i c e m i a i n b o t h i n f e c t e d groups; o n l y the l a s t v a l u e s were i n agreement w i t h c l i n i c a l o b s e r v a t i o n s . O b v i o u s l y , l i b e r a t i o n o f lysosomal e l a s t a s e , p r o b a b l y due t o an enhanced a c t i o n o f endotoxins on g r a n u l o c y t e s t h r o u g h o u t s e p t i c e m i a , does r e f l e c t more s p e c i f i c a l l y t h i s severe i n f e c t i o n compared t o CRP, which i s supposed t o p l a y a c e n t r a l r o l e i n u n s p e c i f i c h o s t defence ( 3 ) .

Moreover, the plasma p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r s (o^AC, C1 INA, a^PI and o>2 P I^ r e p r e s e n t i n g acute phase p r o t e i n s d i d a l s o n o t r e ­f l e c t t h e morbid s t a t e , l i k e l y due t o an o v e r l a p of p r o d u c t i o n and consumption of these g l y c o p r o t e i n s (data n o t shown).

54

M u l t i p l e trauma

I n a p r e l i m i n a r y study r e l e a s e of g r a n u l o c y t i c e l a s t a s e i n t o plasma was f o l l o w e d up every 4 hours i n p a t i e n t s who s u f f e r e d from m u l t i p l e trauma. The i n c r e a s e of the E-ct^PI complex up t o 16 hours a f t e r a c c i d e n t c o i n c i d e d c l e a r l y w i t h the s e v e r i t y o f the i n j u r y ( F i g . 2 ) , t h e degree o f i n j u r y b e i n g e s t a b l i s h e d on the b a s i s o f a h o s p i t a l i n t e r n a l s c a l e r a n g i n g from 1-20 p o i n t s . Group I p a t i e n t s (5 t o 7 p o i n t s ) showed a maximal i n c r e a s e o f E-a^PI up t o 5 - f o l d above normal v a l u e s and group I I p a t i e n t s (9 t o 11 p o i n t s ) up t o 1 0 - f o l d . I n group I I I (14 t o 17 p o i n t s ) peak l e v e l s h i g h e r t han 2 0 - f o l d above normal were measured. During the f u r t h e r o b s e r v a t i o n p e r i o d (up t o 100 h) a s i g n i f i ­c a n t decrease of E-a^PI plasma l e v e l s towards normal v a l u e s was observed i n a l l p a t i e n t s .

C-reoctive Protein (CRP) F i g . 2. Plasma l e v e l s o f E-ct^PI complex and CRP i n p a t i e n t s a f t e r m u l t i p l e trauma. On t h e b a s i s o f a h o s p i t a l i n t e r n a l s c a l e w i t h 20 p o i n t s (HISP)pa­t i e n t s were a l l i e d t o 3 groups r e f l e c t i n g t h e se­v e r i t y o f i n j u r y : I m i l d ; I I severe; I I I h i g h l y se­v e r e .

Group

I I I I I I

NO. Of patients

12 11 4

HISP

6.3+0. 10.0+1.

15.3+1.

After Accident

Normal range of E-a^PI: 6 0 - 1 1 0 ng/ml

55

Maximal i n c r e a s e o f CRP l e v e l s was observed n o r m a l l y between 20 and 40 h a f t e r a c c i d e n t (group I and I I i n F i g . 2 ). I n a few cases (group I I I ) maximal CRP v a l u e s were measured up t o 88 h a f t e r trauma ( F i g . 2 ). W i t h i n t h e o b s e r v a t i o n p e r i o d , t h e CRP l e v e l s showed n e i t h e r a s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i g n i f i c a n t c o r r e l a t i o n t o t h e s e v e r i t y of t h e i n j u r i e s nor a c l e a r tendency towards n o r m a l i z a t i o n . The same h o l d s t r u e f o r t h e plasma p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r s responding as acute phase p r o t e i n s (data n o t shown). I n c o n t r a s t t o r e s u l t s p u b l i s h e d r e c e n t l y ( 4 ), we c o u l d so f a r n o t f i n d a r e l a t i o n s h i p between t h e amount o f CRP i n plasma and p o s t t r a u m a t i c c o m p l i c a t i o n s a f t e r c r a n i o - c e r e b r a l i n j u r i e s .

Conclusions

A l t h o u g h o f a l l known acute phase p r o t e i n s CRP r i s e s most d r a ­m a t i c a l l y and r a p i d l y , t h e g i v e n d a t a demonstrate t h a t complexed e l a s t a s e (E-cx^PI) r e f l e c t s t h e s e v e r i t y of an i n f l a m m a t o r y r e ­sponse c l e a r l y e a r l i e r and more s p e c i f i c a l l y . Hence, compared t o lysosomal e l a s t a s e i n c r e a s e d p r o d u c t i o n o f acute phase p r o ­t e i n s , a t l e a s t o f CRP, r e p r e s e n t s a delayed and l e s s s p e c i f i c answer o f t h e organisms t o the p r i m a r y i n f l a m m a t o r y s t i m u l i d u r i n g diseases such as s e p t i c e m i a and m u l t i p l e trauma.

References

1 . Jochum, M., Duswald, K.H., H i l l e r , E., and F r i t z , H.: I n : S e l e c t e d Topics i n C l i n i c a l Enzymology; Walter de G r u y t e r and Co., B e r l i n , New York, 1 9 8 3 , 8 5 - 1 0 0 .

2 . Neumann, S., Hennrich, N., Gunzer, G., and Lang, H.: J. C l i n . Biochem. J_9, 232 (1 981 ) .

3 . Kushner, I . , Gewürz, H., Benson, M.D.: J. Lab. C l i n . Med. 9 7 , 7 3 9 - 7 4 9 ( 1 9 8 1 ) .

4 . E n g l e r , E.: Laboratoriumsblätter 33., 1-8 ( 1 9 8 3 ) .

AUTHOR I N D E X

A b e l l a , M. 493 Adam, A. 57,79 Agneray, J. 655 Albe, X. 609 A l l e n , R.C. 43 Allemand, D. 513 Andre, C. 409,519,523 Andre, F. 519 An t o i n e , P. 375 Arnaud, P. 43,181,319

B a n s s i l l o n , V. 497,503 B a r b i e r , M. 251 B a r b i e r , Y. 251 B a s t i t , P. 631 Bata, J. 207 Bayard, B. 635 Beaudry, P. 619,621 B e n a t t a r d , C. 485 Bene, M.C. 453 Benzerara, 0. 231 Bernard, N. 673 Bernon, H. 497,503 Bezou, M.J. 615 Bienvenu, J. 71,497,503,539 Bienvenu, F. 481 B i e t h , J.G. 227 Binder, P. 429 B i o t , N. 243 Biou, D. 553 B i s c o n t e , J.C. 609 B l e i b e r g , F. 461 B 0 g-Hansen, T.C. 539 Boisseau, C. 651 Boisson, C. 627 Boisson, R.C. 251 Bonnefoy, J.Y. 605 Bouchet, C. 527 Boudier, C. 227 Bourg, P. 305 Bourguignon, J. 553 B o z z e t t i , F. 465 Brune, J. 223,231,255 Bureau, J.P. 585

Calay, G. 79 Camb i l l a u , M. 247 C a r l i , A. 75 Caron, M. 591,627,641,665 C a r t i e r , B. 305

Caudie, C. 345,359,365,401 Causse, H. 651 Chambers, R.E. 4 7 Chapuis, P. 461 C h a p u i s - C e l l i e r , C. 255 Chauvot, P. 223 C h a z a l e t t e , J.-P. 235,239 C l a v e l , j . P . 489 Clemetson, K.J. 597,601 C l e z a r d i n , P. 601 C o l i n , B. 71 C o l l a r d , M. 391 C o l l o m b e l , C. 305 Co n f r a v r e u x , C. 319 C o r d i e r , G. 207,223 C o r d i e r , J.-F. 219,223,231,

255 C o u l e t , M. 615 Coumoul, S. 655 Coupe, M. 585 Cunningham-Rundles, S. 421 C r y s t a l , R.G. 219,261

Damas, J. 57 Danie r e , S. 409 D a r d e l i n , R. 457 Dardenne, M. 461 D'Asniere, M. 565 David, M. 507 D a v r i l , M. 171 D e c a s t e l , M. 671 Dechavanne, M. 601 De F e n o y l , 0. 247 De Hertogh, H. 79 D e l e r s , F. 135,569 D e l v i l , A. 71,539 Delmas, P.D. 281 Demeocq, F. 379 Deneux, L. 477 Descos, L. 519,523 Desplaces, A. 527 Deugnier, M.A. 609,641 Di a r r a - M e h r p o u r , M. 553 Diemert, M.C. 489 D i t t m e r , H. 51 Dodeur, M. 655 Domingo, M. 5 69 Duchassaing, D. 247 D u h e i l l e , J. 453,457 Dumont, J.P. 655

680

Durand, F. 375,655 Duswald, K.H. 51

Emerson, D.L. 43 Engler, R. 135,203,565,

569,581 Ers, P. 57,79 Esnard, F. 203,557,561 Eynard, J.C. 375

F a l l , M. 457 Faulk, W.P. 139 Faure, A. 453,591,627 Fa y m o n v i l l e , M.E. 57 Feger, J. 655 Feldmann, G. 15,581 Fermanian, J. 519 F i e d e l , B.A. 99 F i s c h e r , E. 135 F l a v i g n y , H. 461 Fo n t a i n e , M. 635 Fontanges, R. 429 Freney, 0. 345,359 Frenoy, J.-P. 625,661,671 F r o t , J.C. 383

G a i l l a r d , G. 379 G a l l i , A. 489 G a l l i , J. 489 Garcia, I . 251 G a r r e l l y , L. 585 Gas, S. 359,365 Gassier, B. 421 Ga u t h i e r , F. 203,557,561 Gehamy, S. 401 G e r b a u l t , L. 369 Gerbet, D. 489 Gianazza, E. 181 G i l l y , R. 251 Gindre, D. 243 Gi r a u d e t , P. 383 Giroud, J.P. 565 Glaser, P. 489 Goulut, C. 625 Goussault, Y. 619,621,625 G r o z e l , J.M. 503 Guerot, C. 75 Guibaud, S. 387 G u i t t o n , J.D. 561 G u l i n o , D. 627

Hara, I . 295 Harf, R. 243 Hayem, A. 171

Heegaard, P.M.H. 539 H e n r i e t , M.T. 513 Herve, P. 513 H i r o n , M. 553,631,635 H s i , B.-L. 139 H u l o t , M. 57

I z u i , S. 295

Jacquot, J. 235,239 Jambon, B. 453,457 James, E. 601 Jeambrun, P. 513 Jochum, M. 51 Jo s e f o w i c z , J. 627 J o u b e r t , R. 641

Kazatchkine, M. 135 K e r c k a e r t , J.P. 635 K l e i n k n e c h t , D. 75 Kushner, I . 3

Labrecque, G. 585 Lachneche, B. 223 L a f o n t , P. 251 Lahet, C. 71 La i n e , A. 171 Lamy, M. 57 Landais, P. 519 Lasne, Y. 231 L a t e r , R. 375 L a t o u r , M. 207 La u r e n t , P. 43,71,497,539 Le b r e t o n , J.P. 553,631,635 L e c l e r c , P. 247 Lecocq, J. 311 Lecocq, N.A. 311 Lecomte, J. 57 Ledger, P. 605 Legrand, E. 507 Lemonnier, D. 461 L e n o i r , J. 531 Lepape, A. 497,503,561 L e r o u x - N i c o l l e t , I . 553,

631,635 Lindenbaum, A. 485 Lobera, A. 507 L o i r e , R. 223 Lombart, C. 557 Lowenthal, A. 339 L u b e t z k i , J. 461 Magdelenat, H. 477 Magny, J.F. 485

681

Manu, J.L. 581 Ouazzaz, S. 439 Maire, B. 453,457 Quincy, C. 355,359,365, Malengreaux, P. 57 375,395,401 Malgalhaes, M. 477 Malpuech, G. 379 Raynaud, E.J. 379

Reano, A. 605 Manchon, M. 503 Raynaud, E.J. 379 Reano, A. 605

Marechal, B. 375 R e b a t t u , J.P. 71 Marechal, F. 243 Renaud, S. 597 Maree, D. 507 R e v i l l a r d , J.-P. 207,223 Marescaux, C. 391 Re y n i e r , S. 401 M a r t i n , M.E. 549 Reynolds, H. 153 Mathian, J. 251 Robert, D. 387 Mathieu, M. 305 Robert, 0. 387 Mayer, S. 3 91 Roche, D. 461 McGregor, J. 597,601 Rochette, A. 481 McGregor, L. 597 R o l l i n , P. 513 M e r c a t e l l o , A. 387 Rondeau, Y. 569 Miguet, J.P. 513 Rondelet, B. 497 M i l l a t , B. 493 Roth, M. 311 Moisand, A. 651 Roth-Fouret, C. 153 Mornex, F. 223 Rouge, P. 651 Mornex, J.F. 223,261 Rouge, P.P. 641 Mosse, A. 461 R o u l l e t , A. 497,503 M u l l e r , F. 383 R o u l l e t , C. 531

Rowe, I . 273 Neumann, S. 51 Ruddy, S. 125 Neveu, P.J. 613 Rumbach, L. 391 N o r t h , M.L. 311 Nunez," E.A. 75, 549

Sabbagh, I . 539 Oglobine, J. 527 Sadoul, P. 235,239 Ohanessian, J. 665 Sauger, F. 631

Savu, L. 75,549 Pagano, M. 203 Sen n e t e r r e , J.B. 395 Pages, J. 223 Servoz, G. 355 Parent, G. 453,457 S h a r i f , A. 619,621 P a r i s , M. 247 S i m p l o t , A. 387 P a t r i s , A. 453 S o l i e r , M. 565 P a u l i , G. 227 S o u i l l e t , G. 481 P e l l e t i e r , A. 227 Sousa-Cavada, B. 651 Penet, A. 255 Stauber, W.T. 561 Perdoux, D. 613 S t r e m s d o r f e r , R. 523 P e r d r i x , J.P. 497,503 Pere, D. 651 T h i v o l e t , A.L. 605 P e r r i n , L.F. 71 Thomasset, A.L. 531 P e r r i n - F a y o l l e , M. 243 T i s s o t , M. 565 Plan, E. 395 Tongio, M.M. 391 Ponsot, G. 369 Toor, B. 597 Po n t e t , M. 135 T o u r a i n e , F. 345,355 P o u i l l a r t , P. 477 T o u r a i n e , R. 231 P o u r s h a i d i , Z. 527 T o u r n i e r , J.M. 235,239 P u c h e l l e , E. 235,239 Tran Quang, N. 135 Putnam, F.W. 25 Travade, P. 615

682

V a n l i e f e r i n g h e n , P. 379 V a u z e l l e , D. 485,493 Vercaigne, D. 553 V e r c o u s t r e , B. 243 Vergnon, J.-M. 223,255 Ve y r e t , C. 631 V i n c e n t , M. 223 Vranckx, R. 549,673 V u i t t o n , D. 513

Wade, S. 461 Wantyghem, J. 625 Warter, J.T. 391 Whicher, J.T. 47,89 Wibissono, L. 557 Wiesendanger, T. 223

Yeh, C.-J.

Zazzo, J.F. Z i e g l e r , 0. Zouaghi, H.

139

493 453,457 75,549

S U B J E C T I N D E X

Abortion ( r e c u r r e n t spontaneous) 139. Acute Phase: a l p h a 1 g l o b u l i n 557. r e a c t i o n (mouse) 295. r e a c t i o n ( r a t ) 549, 673 r e a c t a n t p r o t e i n s (APP) 3, 15, 25, 4 7 , 57, 89, 135, 305, 481, 507, 519,

549, 557, 561, 565. APP - n e g a t i v e 3.

A f f i n i t y c o n s t a n t 665. A f f i n o Immunoelectrophoresis 673. Albumin 365, 513, 519, 527, 581. Alpha 1-acid g l y c o p r o t e i n 4 7 , 71, 99, 539, 553. Alpha 1 - a n t i t r y p s i n 207. Alpha 1 - c y s t e i n p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r 557. Alpha 1-proteinase i n h i b i t o r 251, 561. Alpha 2 m a c r o g l o b u l i n 207. A l v e o l a r macrophage 153, 243. Amyloid 3, 4 7 , 273. Amyloidosis 4 7 . Animal l e c t i n s A n orexia nervosa 461. An thropome try s t a n d a r d 409, 457.

Antigen antibody 295. A s i a l o g l y c o p r o t e i n 655.

BCG 585. Beta i n t e r f e r o n treatment 3, 369.

Beta 2 - m i c r o g l o b u l i n 247, 379. Binding s i t e s copper 25, 575.

Bone d i s e a s e s 281. Bone GLA P r o t e i n 281. B r a i n tumor 375. B r o n c h i a l s u p e r i n f e c t i o n 239. B r o n c h o - a l v e o l a r l a v a g e (BAL) 223, 231, 243.

Calcium metabolism 281. Cancer 465, 477. C a r d i a c d i s e a s e 75. Ca t h e p s i n G 171. L 203.

C e l l u l a r enzymes 153. Cerebro S p i n a l Fuid (CSF) 319, 345, 355, 359, 365, 369, 375, 379, 383, 387, 391, 395, 401. C e r u l o p l a s m i n 25.

684

Chemotactic f a c t o r s 153, 219. Chicken 575. C h o l i n e s t e r a s e i n h i b i t o r 383. C i g a r e t t e smoker 227. C i r c a d i a n rythms 585. C o a g u l a t i o n 99, 597. Complernen t a l t e r n a t i v e pathway 135, 369.

C o n c a n a v a l i n A (Con-A l e c t i n ) 597, 601, 605, 613, 615, 661. Connective t i s s u e d i s e a s e 273. Connective t i s s u e r e p a i r 89. Copper binding s i t e s 489.

C o r t i s o l 75, 461. Crohn's d i s e a s e 519, 523. C - R e a c t i v e P r o t e i n 3, 43, 47, 51, 71, 99, 273, 477, 648. C y s t i c f i b r o s i s 239, 251. Cytochrome P-450 581. C y t o k e r a t i n 605

Delayed h y p e r s e n s i t i v i t y 409. Deoxythymidine 619, 621. D i e t a r y c o n d i t i o n 429.

E l a s tase a l p h a 1 p r o t e i n a s e i n h i b i t o r 51.

E l e c t r o p h o r e s i s two d i m e n s s i o n a l 401.

Emphysema 223. E n c e p h a l i t i s 379. Energy balance 465 Enzyme immunoassay 375. Epidemiology 319. Epidermis g l y c o p r o t e i n s 605. E x p e r i m e n t a l d i s e a s e s d i a b e t e s 561. inflammation 539.

F e r r i t i n 375. F i b r i n o l y t i c enzyme 99, 231. F i b r o n e c t i n 243, 341, 493, 627, 647. F i b r i n 99. F i b r o s i n g a l v e o l i t i s 223. Fluorometer 609.

G a l a c t o s i d e s 665. G a l l i u m scanning 223. Gamma carboxyglutamic 281. G e n e t i c s 319. G l u c o s e 6 phosphatase 581. Gly c o s y l a t i o n non enzymatic 553.

685

G l y c o p r o t e i n membrane

G u i l l a i n B a r r e 387.

Haptoglobin 71, 575, 581. Hemolytic plaque t e s t 15. Hemopathy 481. Hepa tectomy 507. HLA 139. Human l e c t i n s 339.

Hyper immunization and h y p e r s e n s i t i v i t y 339, 429.

I d e a l weight 409. I d i o p a t h i c pulmonary f i b r o s i s 223. Immediate h y p e r s e n s i t i v i t y 429. Immune r e g u l a t i o n 89 Immmune response 421, 429, 453, 513. Immuno a f f i n o e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s 539, 575. Immunochemical q u a n t i t a t i o n 171. Immunoelectrophoresis 255, 539. Immuno f l u o r e s c e n c e 15, 139. Immunoglobulins IgG 247, 339, 365.

Immunological d i s o r d e r 429. Immuno-peroxidase 15. Impedency 531. Inflammatory bowel d i s e a s e s 47. I n t e n s i v e c a r e monitoring 489. I n t e r l e u k i n I 3. I n t e r n a l d u p l i c a t i o n 25. I s o e l e c t r i c f o c u s i n g 43, 255. p o i n t s 43, 255, 401

Isoenzymes 383, 387.

J o i n t d i s e a s e s 305, 311.

K a l l i k r e i n 57, 79.

Kininogen 57, 79.

K i n i n s 57.

Kwashiorkor 453, 457.

L a t h y r u s Ochrus l e c t i n 651. L e c t i n s b i o l o g i c a l f u n c t i o n s 641. b i o s y n t h e s i s 597, 601.

686

1251 l a b e l l e d 597, 601. f l u o r e s c e n t 609. l l g a n d 661. p u r i f i c a t i o n 661.

Lens c u l i n a r i s (LCH l e c t i n ) 597, 601. Leukocytes 345, 585. Leukocyte endogenous pyrogen 3. Limulus polyphemus 661. L i v e r 3, 15, 203, 235, 507, 513. microsomes 581. s t e a t o s i s 457.

Lung d i s e a s e s 153. Lung f i b r o s i s 231. Lymphoblastogenesis 613, 619, 621. Lymphocyte response 207, 421. Lymphocytes s u b s e t s 319, 355. Lymphocy to t o x i c a n t i b o d i e s 391.

M a l n u t r i t i o n 409, 453, 457, 461, 465, 477, 481, 489, 513. Marasmus 453, 457. M a t e r n o - f o e t a l r e l a t i o n s h i p s 139. Meconium 291. Mice ( a l p h a 1-acid g l y c o p r o t e i n ) 539 Monoctotoxics a n t i b o d i e s 391. Monokines 3, 89. mRNA 553. M u l t i p l e S c l e r o s i s 319, 365, 369, 391. M u l t i p l e Trauma 51, 395.

N a t u r a l K i l l e r 421. Negative APP 3. Nephelometry 79 , 527. Non s t e r o i d a l a n t i inflammatory drugs 71.

Oestrogen 553. OKT 355. O l i g o c l o n a l bands 365. IgG 319.

O r a l c o n t r a c e p t i v e 597. O s t e o c a l c i n 281. Oxidant 219, 291.

PAGE ( P o l y a c r y l a m i d e g e l e l e c t r o p h o r e s i s ) 383, 601. P a r e n t e r a l a l i m e n t a t i o n 493, 523. Peanut L e c t i n (PNL-Rh) 605, 609, 665, 671. P e d i a t r i c d i s e a s e s 379, 481. P e r i t o n i t i s 493. P h a g o c y t o s i s 89. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA l e c t i n ) 613. P l a t e l e t s a g g r e g a t i o n 99, 597, 601, 615. membrane g l y c o p r o t e i n 601. r e l e a s e f u n c t i o n s 99.

Pleural e f f u s i o n 565, Prealbumin 369, 477, 493. Pregnancy 159. Prostaglandin 565. Protase-antiprotease 89, 171, 203, 207, 219. Pro t e i n metabolism 465. Protein sequence (ceruloplasmin) 25. Protein l i g a n d i n t e r a c t i o n s 575. Proteinase i n h i b i t o r 203.

Prothrombin 615. Prothrombin complex f a c t o r s 615. Pulmonary a l v e o l i t i s 219.

Quick time 615.

Radio immuno assay 79, 281. Rat 549, 553, 557, 561, 581, 597. alpha l- a c i d g l y c o p r o t e i n 553. developing 549. hepatocyte 553, 655. p l a t e l e t 597. t r a n s c o r t i n 549.

R e c t o c o l i t i s 523. Renal disease 75. R e t i n o l Binding P r o t e i n 477. R e t r o v i r a l GP70:I 295. Rheumatoid a r t h r i t i s 47, 905, 311. Robinia Pseudoacacia l e c t i n 619, 621, 625.

Sarcoidosis 243, 247. Secretion 15. Septicemia 51. Serum Amyloid A P r o t e i n (SAA) 47, 273. Serum Amyloid P Component (SAP) 99, 273, 648. S i l v e r s t a i n i n g 253, 395. Skin f o l d 409. Sputum 239. S t a t i s t i c a l a nalysis 439. Synovial f l u i d 305. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 295.

Thymic f a c t o r (serum) 453, 461. T i t r a t i o n curves 43. T r a n s c o r t i n 75. T r a n s f e r r i n 477, 493. Trophoblast 139.

Vaccination 429.

Wheat germ a g g l u t i n i n (WGA l e c t i n ) 597, 601.

Zinc 421, 461, 489.