marine turtle conservation under cites ---- cafs research focus thanks for: 1. seaworld/busch...

Marine turtle conservation under CITES

---- CAFS research focus

Thanks for: 1. SeaWorld/Busch GardenANIMALS ,http://www.seaworld.org 2. SWOT,http://www.seaturtlestatus.org/

U.S.-China Meeting on Living Marine Resources Sea Turtle Workshop

INDEX

Overview

Legal Protection

Sea turtles under CITES

Awareness and suggestions

Chinese Academy of Fishery Science

Fishery Environment Monitoring CenterEnyuan Fan

Taxonomy

green turtle 绿海龟(Chelonia mydas mydas)

black turtle 黑海龟(Chelonia mydas agassizii)

flatback turtle 平背龟(Natator depressus)

hawksbill turtle 玳瑁(Eretmochelys imbricata)

Kemp‘s ridley turtle 肯氏龟 (Lepidochelys kempii)

leatherback turtle 棱皮龟(Dermochelys coriacea) loggerhead turtle 蠵龟 ,红海龟

(Caretta caretta)

olive ridley turtle太平洋丽龟

(Lepidochelys olivacea)

Source of data: http://www.seaworld.org

Overview

Distribution

loggerhead sea turtle(Caretta caretta)

http://www.seaworld.org/

http://www.seaworld.org

green sea turtle(Chelonia mydas mydas)

Overview

olive ridley sea turtle(Lepidochelys olivacea)

hawksbill sea turtle(Eretmochelys imbricata)



Overview Distribution



leatherback sea turtle(Dermochelys coriacea) http://www.seaworld.org

Overview Distribution



Efforts from the World

Establishing and strengthening protected areas around nesting beaches

Raising awareness and promoting ecotourism at marine turtle sites Local communities involved in and benefit from protecting turtles

and their nests Promoting regional and international agreements to conserve

marine turtles Lobbying for turtle-friendly fishing practices, such as the use of

turtle excluder devices in nets Halting the illegal trade of turtle meat and eggs, through TRAFFIC,

the wildlife trade monitoring network created by WWF and IUCN

Overview



Legal Protection

CITES is an international treaty, developed in 1973, to regulate tr

ade in certain wildlife species. CITES Appendix I includes species iden

tified as endangered (species faces a very high risk of extinction).

Most efficient convention

Give more concern on marine species in recent year

Some special Methology is on design (IFS, F )

Convention on International Trade of EndangeredSpecies of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)



Cheloniidae Cheloniidae spp *. Caretta caretta Chelonia mydas -103 Eretmochelys imbricata Lepidochelys kempii Lepidochelys olvaceaDermochelyidae Dermochelys coriacea

Appendices IIAppendices I

Legal Protection



China is not party member, but with MOU signatory

Legal Protection

Appendices II

Appendices I

Legal Protection



The organization links together government agencies, non-

government agencies, and independent states to encourage a

worldwide approach to conservation.

International Union for the Conservation

of Nature and Natural Resources

Hawksbill turtles: critically endangered Kemp's ridley turtles: critically endangered Leatherback turtle: critically Endangered Green turtles: endangered Loggerhead turtles: endangered Olive ridley turtles: endangered Flatback turtles: data Deficient

Legal Protection



The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) is administered by the U.S. Departments of I

nterior and Commerce. It seeks to stop the extinction of wild animals and plants in the United

States, other nations, and at sea. All sea turtles except the flatback are listed as threatened or

endangered on the U.S. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants List. It is illegal to har

m, or in any way interfere with, a sea turtle or its eggs.

1.Under the ESA, "endangered"

Hawksbill

Kemp's ridley

Leatherback

Populations of green sea turtles (along Florida and the Pacific coast of Mexico),

Breeding populations of olive ridleys (on the Pacific coast of Mexico)

2.Under the ESA, "threatened"

The loggerhead, green (except the populations listed above)

Olive ridley (except the populations listed above

Legal Protection

Endangered Species Act, 1973 (ESA).

USA



Framework of lawsin Chinese Fisheries

“Law on the protection of Wildlife, People’s Republic of China”(1988)

“Environmental Protection Law, People's Republic of China” (1989)

“Marine Environment Protection Law of the People's Republic of China” (1982, amended in 1999)

“Law of Fisheries, People’s Republic of China”, (1986, amended in 2000).

“Law of The Water Pollution Prevention and Control, People's Republic of China” (1984, amended in 1996)

Legal Protection China



Regulations on Aquatic wildlife conservation

　　 National level: Regulation on Fishing permission(2002, amended in 2004): ----Classifcation of the fishing boats and fishing grounds ----Control of Marine Fishing Vessels fishing gear in catch limits ----Fishing license system ----Duties for Signatory 　　 Regional Level: 　　 Stipulation for Conserving Living Aquatic Resources In Bohai Sea(2004): ----Aquaculture and fishing ----Enhancement on Living Aquatic resource ----Living aquatic resource conservation ----Eco-environment Protection




Regulations on Aquatic Endangered Species Conservation

“The National Catalog of Protected Wildlife in People’s Republic of China”(1989)

“Implemental Regulation on Aquatic wildlife Protection, People’s Republic of China” (1993)

“Ordinance on the management of the natural reserve, people’s Republic of China”(1994)

“Regulation on management of Aquatic wildlife and Plant Nature Conservation, People’s Republic of China” (1997)

“Regulation on special license of Aquatic wildlife utilization, People’s Republic of China” (1999)




In recognition of the global plight, sea turtles were among the list species listed on the CITES Appendices when the treaty came into force, and CITES protection over the past 35 years has been critical to ensuring their survival. Formidable oppositionFrom some CITES Parties to all attempts to weaken sea turtle protection and effort from the conservation community have been key to maintaining the international ban on trade.

Sea turtles under Cites



Appendices I and II, as at 4 February 1977

Cheloniidae Cheloniidae spp *. Caretta caretta Chelonia mydas -103 Eretmochelys imbricata Lepidochelys kempii Lepidochelys olvaceaDermochelyidae Dermochelys coriacea

Appendices II

Third meeting of the Conference of the PartiesNew Delhi (India), 25 February – 8 March 1981

Appendices I

Appendices I

Cheloniidae Cheloniidae spp *.Dermochelyidae Dermochelys coriacea

Sea turtles under Cites




No Commodity term No Commodity term No Commodity term No Commodity term

1bodies

8eggs

15leather products (s) 22

shells

2 bone pieces 9 feet 16 live 23 skeletons

3 bone products 10 garments 17 meat 24 skins

4 bones 11 handbags 18 oil 25 skin pieces

5 carapaces 12 ivory carvings 19 pairs of shoes 26 specimens

6 carvings 13 ivory pieces 20 pieces 27 trophies

7 derivatives 14 leather items 21 scales 28 unspecified

Commodity term in trading under CITES (hawksbill turtle )




TaxonTradving voloume (KG)

1976-1980 1981-1985 1986-1990 1991-1995 1996-2000 2001-2005 2006-2010

hawksbill **** **** ***** **** ***** ** ***

green ****** ****** ***** *** * ** **

loggerhead 0 0 ** * 0 *** *

olive ridley 0 0 *** 0 0 0 0

leatherback ** 0 0 * 0 * **

flatback 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sea turtle Trading Record

1.Data is from CITES database

2. Based on Unquestionable data analysis

Sea turtles under CITESTerm green hawksbill

meat **** -

soup **** -

skins **** *leather

products *** *

specimens *** **

carapaces *** **bodies *** **

carvings *** **pieces *** *calipee *** -

unspecified *** *oil *** -

eggs (live) *** *scales - *

Trading analysis between Green turle and Hawksbill turtle

Sea turtles under CITESTrading analysis between China and US

1.Data is from CITES database

2. US green turtle trading most happened in 1979, for olive ridley and loggerhead in 1980s.

Termhawksbill green olive ridley loggerhead

china US china US china US 　　meat 　　　 ****** 　　　　

skin,skin pieces 　 ** 　 ***** 　 * 　　

carvings ** *** 　 **** 　　　 *

carapaces * ** 　 **** 　　　 *

specimens * *** * *** 　 *** * ****

unspecified 　 ** 　 *** * 　　　live 　　　 ** 　 *** 　 ***

leather items 　 ** 　 ** * * 　　eggs 　　　 ** 　 *** 　 ***

oil 　　　 ** 　　　　bodies * * * * 　 ** 　 *

shells 　 *** 　 * 　　　　


1.Lots of efforts, recognition worldwide (US and China)

2.International trading is still on going

3. Sea turtle meat and eggs are consumed in some parties(3/4)

4. Negative impact from destructive fishery and fishing by catch

(explosion, poison gillnet, trail net, trawl)

5. Sea turtle conservation strategy should be improved in member

Parties

6. International cooperation are encouraged (Inter government

organization, NGO)

7. More funding required.

Awareness




Conservation in china:

1. Conservation Action plan for sea turtle

2. Basic scientific data collecting (research, monitoring) (fishery,

population, trading)

3. More involvement in international cooperation

Research work in CAFS:

1. Included in fishery research concern

2. Listed in Sino-US cooperation framework

3. More focus needed ( natural reserve and habitat, natural resource and

distribution, policy, market trading

Suggestions



Thank You!Thank You!

marine turtle conservation under cites ---- cafs research focus thanks for: 1. seaworld/busch...

Documents

marine turtle conservation

illegal trade of turtle

use of turtle excluder

caretta caretta chelonia

marine species

marine turtles

mou signatory legal

certain wildlife species