Marine Protected Area

Md.Adnan

Roll:ASH1302032

Session:2012-2013

Overview

• Introduction

• Objectives

• Distribution

• Categories

• Successful MPAs

• Swatch of no ground

-Biodiversity

• Well managed MPAs

• Benefites

Marine Protected Area

• The IUCN defines a marine protected area as:"Any area of the

intertidal or subtidal terrain, together with its overlying water

and associated flora, fauna, historical and cultural features,

which has been reserved by law or other effective means to

protect part or all of the enclosed environment.“

• An area designated and effectively managed to protect marine

ecosystems, processes, habitats, and species, which can

contribute to the restoration and replenishment of resources for

social, economic, and cultural enrichment.

Objective

Ecological-

• To ensure the long-term viability and maintaining the genetic diversity of marine species and systems;

• To protect depleted, threatened, rare or endangered species and populations;

• To preserve habitats considered critical for the survival and/or lifecycles of species, including economically important species;

• To prevent outside activities from detrimentally affecting the marine protected areas

Human-

• To provide for the continued welfare of people affected by the creation of marine protected areas;

• To preserve, protect, and manage historical and cultural sites and natural aesthetic values of marine and estuarine areas, for present and future generations;

• To facilitate the interpretation of marine and estuarine systems for the purposes of conservation, education and tourism;

• To provide for research and training, and for monitoring the environmental effect of human activities, including the direct and indirect effects of development and adjacent land-use practices.

In the Great Barrier Reef, larger fish inside no-take areas produce disproportionately more eggs and

larvae than in areas that are fished. Besides their contribution to sustaining fisheries, no-take areas can

also improve habitat quality, protect ecosystem structure and function, and maintain ..

In Mozambique, where about 40% of the population lives on the coast, Quirimbas National Park has

established fish sanctuaries to protect spawning grounds and restore fish populations. While these no-

take areas represent only 0.05% of the park, they contribute to a rapid renewal of fish populations.

At Apo Island, Philippines, where communities heavily depend on seafood as a main source of

protein, fish populations have tripled since a marine protected area was established, resulting in an

increase in catch per unit effort of 50 per cent. This allows fishermen to save on fuel and spend less .

Swatch of no ground

Establishment: October 27, 2014

Area: 672 square miles . 900 kilometers in depth

Location: 45 kilometers south of Sundarbans

Priority sp: The high productivity of this area supports large groups of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiopsaduncus), Pantropical Spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuate), Spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris), Rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), Bryde’swhale (Balaenoptera edeni) and False Killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens).

Finless propoiseIrrawaddy dolphin

Indo-pacific Humback dolphin Indo-pacific bottle nose dolphin

Olive-Ridley TurtleSpinner dolphin

Pantropical spotted dolphinBryd’s whale

Benefits of MPA

• Maintaining biodiversity and providing refuges for endangered

and commercial species

• Protecting critical habitats from damage by destructive fishing

practices and other human activities and allowing them to

recover

• Providing areas where fish are able to reproduce, spawn and

grow to their adult size

• Increasing fish catches (both size and quantity) in surrounding

fishing grounds

• Building resilience to protect against damaging external

impacts, such as climate change

• Helping to maintain local cultures, economies, and livelihoods

which are intricately linked to the marine environment

References:

• http://archive.dhakatribune.com/business/2015/oct/11/swatch-no-ground-be-future-

tourism-hub (Access date:7/5/2017)

• http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/how_we_work/our_global_goals/oceans/solutions/pr

otection/protected_areas/ (Access date:6/5/2017)

• http://www.mpatlas.org/region/nation/MOZ/ (Access date:6/5/2017)

• http://www.theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/20301 (Access date:7/5/2017)

• http://www.thedailystar.net/swatch-of-no-ground-declared-protected-zone-48550

(Access date:7/5/2017)

• http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/mpa.html (Access date:6/5/2017)

• https://www.npsr.qld.gov.au/parks/moreton-bay/zoning/information-

sheets/why_marine_reserves_are_important.html (Access date:6/5/2017)

• http://www.suds-en-ligne.ird.fr/ecosys/ang_ecosys/estuarien/estuar4.html (Access

date:6/5/2017)

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_protected_area (Access date:6/5/2017)

• http://www.piscoweb.org/files/images/SMR/WorldReserves.JPG (Access

date:6/5/2017)

Thanks to all