margo schlanger, inmate litigation, 116 harv · web view2. notes 58 & 60: inmate litigation...

*Margo Schlanger, Inmate Litigation, 116 Harv. L. Rev. 1555 (2003)*Technical Appendix*Most recently revised April 20, 2003

*D:\TechnicalAppendix\Footnotes syntax.sps

*C. OTHER ITEMS FROM THE ARTICLE*1. notes 3, 4 & 5: Inmate cases' portion of filings and trials in 1995*2. notes 58 & 60: Inmate litigation rates per 1000 prisoners,* state by state and over time*3. note 87: State-by-state and year-by-year prison population* See A.3, supra.*4. note 127: Correlation between success rates at trial and pretrial,* 2000 terminations by case category*5. note 135: More on the relation between compensatory* and punitive damages, inmate cases terminated in 1993*6. notes 155, 157, 169, 207: Counseled rates in inmate cases terminated 2000.* notes 155 & 157: Rates by district, and audit* note 169: Relation of counseled rate to total caseload by district,* inmate case proportion);* note 207 (trial case counseled rate)*7. Text accompanying note 211 & note 302: Outcomes in inmate civil rights* cases, 1993 terminations*8. note 217: Weighted inmate filings in 1995, 2000*9. notes 279 & 281: Habeas trends by year and by month*10. note 293: Trials by year, 1990-2001*11. note 296: Trends in disposition time, 1987-2001.*12. note 355: Proportion of prisons and jails under court order*13. note 363: Size of jails and prisons in 1999/2000*14. note 403: Number and description of city jails*15. note 444: Inmate civil rights trials before judges and juries*16. note 492: Districts not in PACER and their percentage of terminations in 2000*17. Data Appendix, section B.3: Federal vs. nonfederal inmates

*1. notes 3, 4 & 5: Inmate cases' portion of filings and trials in 1995

*** TEXT: In 1995, inmates filed nearly 40,000 new federal civil*** lawsuits[note 3] — nineteen percent of the federal civil docket.[note 4]*** About fifteen percent of the federal civil trials held that year were in*** inmate civil rights cases. [note 5]

*** FN 5: More precisely, of trials in federal nonhabeas civil cases " terminated"*** in 1995, fifteen percent were in inmate civil rights cases. The figure remains*** consistent whether the set of trials includes only cases whose recorded judgments*** are trial verdicts, or any case ended by any procedural means during or after a*** trial. Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3.

SET TVARS = labels.1

SET TNUMBERS = labels.

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\1995all.sav'

COMPUTE trial1 = 0.COMPUTE trial2 = 0.COMPUTE trial3 = 0.

IF proced87 >=6 & proced87 <=9 trial1 = 1.IF disp87 >=7 & disp87 <=9 trial2 = 1.IF trial1=1 & trial2 = 1 trial3 = 1.

Variable lablestrial1 "trial, according to procedural progress code"trial2 "trial, according to disposition code"trial3 "trial according to both disposition and procedural progress codes"

.

RECODE source (0=0) (-8=0) (7=1) (1 thru 2=1) (3 thru 6=2) (8 thru 12=2) INTO orig_sum .

VARIABLE LABELS orig_sum 'Origin summary'.

VALUE LABELS orig_sum0 "Missing"1 "New (or mag. appeal)"2 "Reopened or transferred"/trial1 trial2 trial3 1 "Yes" 0 "No"

.

COMPUTE nos2 = 0.IF nos > 499 & nos < 601 nos2 = 1.IF nos = 550 | nos = 555 nos2 = 2.

VALUE LABELS nos2 0 "non-prisoner case (0)"1 "habeas etc. (1)"2 "Inmate civil rights (2)".

VARIABLE LABEL nos2 "Nature of suit summary".

MISSING VALUE nos2(1) orig_sum(2).

CROSSTABS /TABLES=nos2 BY orig_sum trial1 trial2 trial3 /FORMAT= AVALUE TABLES

2

/CELLS= COUNT column.

Crosstabs Case Processing Summary

Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Nature of suit summary * Origin summary 197708 86.0% 32112 14.0% 229820 100.0%

Nature of suit summary * trial, according to procedural progress code 209513 91.2% 20307 8.8% 229820 100.0%

Nature of suit summary * trial, according to disposition code 209513 91.2% 20307 8.8% 229820 100.0%

Nature of suit summary * trial according to both disposition and procedural progress codes 209513 91.2% 20307 8.8% 229820 100.0%

Nature of suit summary * Origin summary Crosstabulation

Origin summary

TotalNew (or mag. appeal)

Nature of suit summary

non-prisoner case (0)

Count 158781 158781

% within Origin summary 80.3% 80.3%

Inmate civil rights (2)

Count 38927 38927


TotalCount 197708 197708


Nature of suit summary * trial, according to procedural progress code Crosstabulation

trial, according to procedural progress code

Total

No Yes

3



Count 161991 6321 168312

% within trial, according to procedural progress code 80.2% 85.1% 80.3%


Count 40094 1107 41201


TotalCount 202085 7428 209513


Nature of suit summary * trial, according to disposition code Crosstabulation

trial, according to disposition code

TotalNo Yes



Count 162875 5437 168312

% within trial, according to disposition code 80.2% 84.6% 80.3%


Count 40211 990 41201


TotalCount 203086 6427 209513


Nature of suit summary * trial according to both disposition and procedural progress codes Crosstabulation

trial according to both disposition and procedural

progress codes Total

No Yes



Count 163273 5039 168312

% within trial according to both disposition and procedural progress codes

80.2% 84.3% 80.3%

4


Count 40265 936 41201


19.8% 15.7% 19.7%

Total

Count 203538 5975 209513


100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

.

*2. notes 58 & 60: Inmate litigation rates per 1000 prisoners,* state by state and over time

*** TEXT: In 1993, Iowa had the highest state rate: nonfederal inmates*** there filed lawsuits at a rate of over eighty cases per 1000 inmates.*** Massachusetts and North Dakota had the lowest: nonfederal inmates*** there filed only three or four petitions per 1000 inmates. . . . Not*** only do the rates vary by state, but the trends do as well.

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\population_and_filings.sav'.

*** 1993 figures:

USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(year = 1993).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ 'year = 1993 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

COMPUTE st_incar = sum(jail, prison).COMPUTE st_rt = 1000*statefi /st_incar.

SORT CASES BY st_rt (A).

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=state st_incar st_rt /FORMAT=LIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT .

5

Summarize Case Processing Summary

Cases

Included Excluded Total


STATE 53 100.0% 0 .0% 53 100.0%

ST_INCAR 52 98.1% 1 1.9% 53 100.0%

ST_RT 52 98.1% 1 1.9% 53 100.0%

Case Summaries

STATE ST_INCAR ST_RT

1 Territories (PR, VI, CZ, Guam, NMI) (52) . .

2 North Dakota (35) 2252 3.11

3 Massachusetts (22) 18107 4.25

4 District of Columbia (9) 12029 8.73

5 California (5) 189249 9.67

6 Ohio (36) 51948 10.88

7 New Jersey (31) 35359 12.84

8 South Carolina (41) 22646 13.07

9 Minnesota (24) 7714 13.35

10 Rhode Island (40) 2600 14.62

11 Connecticut (7) 13384 15.09

12 Alaska (2) 2734 15.73

13 New York (33) 94378 15.95

14 South Dakota (42) 2193 15.96

15 Georgia (11) 50446 16.79

16 North Carolina (34) 31037 17.17

17 Florida (10) 87231 18.01

6

18 Idaho (13) 3985 18.32

19 Michigan (23) 51797 18.94

20 Washington (48) 17864 19.54

21 Colorado (6) 15218 21.16

22 New Mexico (32) 6557 22.42

23 Texas (44) 125522 22.47

24 Maryland (21) 29350 22.86

25 United States (-1) 1288370 23.76

26 New Hampshire (30) 3026 25.45

27 Illinois (14) 49044 26.08

28 Oregon (38) 10321 26.45

29 Maine (20) 2141 27.09

30 Vermont (46) 1188 29.46

31 Indiana (15) 22767 30.53

32 Pennsylvania (39) 45290 31.77

33 Wisconsin (50) 16660 35.29

34 Kansas (17) 8529 36.35

35 Montana (27) 2221 36.47

36 Tennessee (43) 25870 36.76

37 Arizona (3) 25042 36.94

38 Utah (45) 4941 39.06

39 Louisiana (19) 32286 40.02

40 Kentucky (18) 15435 40.95

41 West Virginia (49) 3576 41.67

42 Virginia (47) 32881 42.12

43 Delaware (8) 4129 44.56

44 Oklahoma (37) 16210 46.45

45 Mississippi (25) 13177 46.67

46 Wyoming (51) 1597 46.96

47 Alabama (1) 25385 50.54

48 Hawaii (12) 2814 56.15

7

49 Nevada (29) 9140 56.78

50 Arkansas (4) 10548 69.87

51 Missouri (26) 21208 74.41

52 Nebraska (28) 2844 75.60

53 Iowa (16) 6500 83.08

Total N 53 52 52

*** TRENDS

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\population_and_filings.sav'.

COMPUTE stpri_rt = 1000*statefi /prison.

VARIABLE LABLES stpri_rt "Filing rate, state prisoners" .

MATCH FILES FILE = */KEEP state st_name year stpri_rt.

TEMPORARY.Set tnumbers = values.SUMMARIZE /TABLES=state st_name year stpri_rt /FORMAT=LIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT .


Cases



STATE 1747 100.0% 0 .0% 1747 100.0%

State name (string) 1747 100.0% 0 .0% 1747 100.0%

year 1747 100.0% 0 .0% 1747 100.0%

Filing rate, state prisoners 1545 88.4% 202 11.6% 1747 100.0%

8

Case Summaries

STATE State name (string) year Filing rate, state prisoners

1 -1.00 United States 1970 11.77

2 -1.00 United States 1971 16.65

3 -1.00 United States 1972 19.34

4 -1.00 United States 1973 23.34

5 -1.00 United States 1974 26.29

6 -1.00 United States 1975 26.14

7 -1.00 United States 1976 26.76

8 -1.00 United States 1977 30.20

9 -1.00 United States 1978 35.12

10 -1.00 United States 1979 39.45

11 -1.00 United States 1980 42.05

12 -1.00 United States 1981 46.46

13 -1.00 United States 1982 42.65

14 -1.00 United States 1983 42.33

15 -1.00 United States 1984 41.60

16 -1.00 United States 1985 38.87

17 -1.00 United States 1986 40.08

18 -1.00 United States 1987 40.80

19 -1.00 United States 1988 38.50

20 -1.00 United States 1989 35.84

21 -1.00 United States 1990 33.33

22 -1.00 United States 1991 32.05

23 -1.00 United States 1992 35.33

24 -1.00 United States 1993 36.95

25 -1.00 United States 1994 38.86

26 -1.00 United States 1995 38.08

27 -1.00 United States 1996 35.63

28 -1.00 United States 1997 23.27

9

29 -1.00 United States 1998 20.82

30 -1.00 United States 1999 19.43

31 -1.00 United States 2000 19.05

32 -1.00 United States 2001 17.76

33 -1.00 United States 2002 .

34 1.00 Alabama 1970 2.64

35 1.00 Alabama 1971 2.88

36 1.00 Alabama 1972 7.98

37 1.00 Alabama 1973 32.76

38 1.00 Alabama 1974 18.78

39 1.00 Alabama 1975 54.98

40 1.00 Alabama 1976 89.35

41 1.00 Alabama 1977 132.49

42 1.00 Alabama 1978 77.93

43 1.00 Alabama 1979 127.11

44 1.00 Alabama 1980 108.77

45 1.00 Alabama 1981 115.44

46 1.00 Alabama 1982 94.58

47 1.00 Alabama 1983 90.80

48 1.00 Alabama 1984 77.41

49 1.00 Alabama 1985 68.04

50 1.00 Alabama 1986 78.78

51 1.00 Alabama 1987 82.98

52 1.00 Alabama 1988 75.62

53 1.00 Alabama 1989 78.20

54 1.00 Alabama 1990 64.17

55 1.00 Alabama 1991 74.68

56 1.00 Alabama 1992 80.52

57 1.00 Alabama 1993 70.06

58 1.00 Alabama 1994 65.91

59 1.00 Alabama 1995 67.84

10

60 1.00 Alabama 1996 58.16

61 1.00 Alabama 1997 38.55

62 1.00 Alabama 1998 31.03

63 1.00 Alabama 1999 .

64 1.00 Alabama 2000 38.04

65 1.00 Alabama 2001 .

66 1.00 Alabama 2002 .

67 2.00 Alaska 1970 5.26

68 2.00 Alaska 1971 5.24

69 2.00 Alaska 1972 .

70 2.00 Alaska 1973 .

71 2.00 Alaska 1974 .

72 2.00 Alaska 1975 8.33

73 2.00 Alaska 1976 14.17

74 2.00 Alaska 1977 13.86

75 2.00 Alaska 1978 5.41

76 2.00 Alaska 1979 6.76

77 2.00 Alaska 1980 17.41

78 2.00 Alaska 1981 15.49

79 2.00 Alaska 1982 8.63

80 2.00 Alaska 1983 6.67

81 2.00 Alaska 1984 12.37

82 2.00 Alaska 1985 12.44

83 2.00 Alaska 1986 16.01

84 2.00 Alaska 1987 17.00

85 2.00 Alaska 1988 13.00

86 2.00 Alaska 1989 13.29

87 2.00 Alaska 1990 13.55

88 2.00 Alaska 1991 13.69

89 2.00 Alaska 1992 18.41

90 2.00 Alaska 1993 15.91

11

91 2.00 Alaska 1994 18.21

92 2.00 Alaska 1995 17.66

93 2.00 Alaska 1996 10.11

94 2.00 Alaska 1997 11.24

95 2.00 Alaska 1998 13.07

96 2.00 Alaska 1999 .

97 2.00 Alaska 2000 2.77

98 2.00 Alaska 2001 .

99 2.00 Alaska 2002 .

100 3.00 Arizona 1970 5.48

101 3.00 Arizona 1971 5.71

102 3.00 Arizona 1972 8.50

103 3.00 Arizona 1973 12.42

104 3.00 Arizona 1974 48.55

105 3.00 Arizona 1975 23.04

106 3.00 Arizona 1976 28.77

107 3.00 Arizona 1977 36.89

108 3.00 Arizona 1978 34.87

109 3.00 Arizona 1979 28.93

110 3.00 Arizona 1980 35.99

111 3.00 Arizona 1981 47.43

112 3.00 Arizona 1982 43.20

113 3.00 Arizona 1983 75.63

114 3.00 Arizona 1984 64.12

115 3.00 Arizona 1985 65.88

116 3.00 Arizona 1986 71.23

117 3.00 Arizona 1987 70.06

118 3.00 Arizona 1988 61.10

119 3.00 Arizona 1989 44.75

120 3.00 Arizona 1990 42.91

121 3.00 Arizona 1991 39.44

12

122 3.00 Arizona 1992 50.86

123 3.00 Arizona 1993 51.93

124 3.00 Arizona 1994 63.71

125 3.00 Arizona 1995 57.35

126 3.00 Arizona 1996 49.13

127 3.00 Arizona 1997 26.49

128 3.00 Arizona 1998 22.20

129 3.00 Arizona 1999 .

130 3.00 Arizona 2000 18.03

131 3.00 Arizona 2001 .

132 3.00 Arizona 2002 .

133 4.00 Arkansas 1970 4.85

134 4.00 Arkansas 1971 8.44

135 4.00 Arkansas 1972 17.29

136 4.00 Arkansas 1973 42.29

137 4.00 Arkansas 1974 87.20

138 4.00 Arkansas 1975 81.63

139 4.00 Arkansas 1976 67.92

140 4.00 Arkansas 1977 41.77

141 4.00 Arkansas 1978 44.86

142 4.00 Arkansas 1979 55.89

143 4.00 Arkansas 1980 75.58

144 4.00 Arkansas 1981 83.51

145 4.00 Arkansas 1982 52.73

146 4.00 Arkansas 1983 51.36

147 4.00 Arkansas 1984 69.95

148 4.00 Arkansas 1985 76.82

149 4.00 Arkansas 1986 99.39

150 4.00 Arkansas 1987 86.98

151 4.00 Arkansas 1988 102.84

152 4.00 Arkansas 1989 106.28

13

153 4.00 Arkansas 1990 82.51

154 4.00 Arkansas 1991 67.52

155 4.00 Arkansas 1992 75.37

156 4.00 Arkansas 1993 95.69

157 4.00 Arkansas 1994 104.95

158 4.00 Arkansas 1995 115.38

159 4.00 Arkansas 1996 120.81

160 4.00 Arkansas 1997 57.02

161 4.00 Arkansas 1998 59.35

162 4.00 Arkansas 1999 .

163 4.00 Arkansas 2000 49.31

164 4.00 Arkansas 2001 .

165 4.00 Arkansas 2002 .

166 5.00 California 1970 14.06

167 5.00 California 1971 20.43

168 5.00 California 1972 12.96

169 5.00 California 1973 11.87

170 5.00 California 1974 17.81

171 5.00 California 1975 17.97

172 5.00 California 1976 10.10

173 5.00 California 1977 8.92

174 5.00 California 1978 8.35

175 5.00 California 1979 9.85

176 5.00 California 1980 9.65

177 5.00 California 1981 7.57

178 5.00 California 1982 9.12

179 5.00 California 1983 14.91

180 5.00 California 1984 17.36

181 5.00 California 1985 17.15

182 5.00 California 1986 14.63

183 5.00 California 1987 13.62

14

184 5.00 California 1988 13.09

185 5.00 California 1989 12.35

186 5.00 California 1990 10.13

187 5.00 California 1991 12.83

188 5.00 California 1992 15.06

189 5.00 California 1993 15.26

190 5.00 California 1994 18.00

191 5.00 California 1995 18.35

192 5.00 California 1996 18.02

193 5.00 California 1997 12.70

194 5.00 California 1998 14.03

195 5.00 California 1999 .

196 5.00 California 2000 15.57

197 5.00 California 2001 .

198 5.00 California 2002 .

199 6.00 Colorado 1970 8.71

200 6.00 Colorado 1971 9.71

201 6.00 Colorado 1972 8.83

202 6.00 Colorado 1973 16.90

203 6.00 Colorado 1974 14.74

204 6.00 Colorado 1975 18.08

205 6.00 Colorado 1976 11.14

206 6.00 Colorado 1977 21.15

207 6.00 Colorado 1978 53.98

208 6.00 Colorado 1979 60.85

209 6.00 Colorado 1980 54.66

210 6.00 Colorado 1981 47.36

211 6.00 Colorado 1982 31.28

212 6.00 Colorado 1983 45.03

213 6.00 Colorado 1984 40.56

214 6.00 Colorado 1985 36.33

15

215 6.00 Colorado 1986 42.02

216 6.00 Colorado 1987 27.70

217 6.00 Colorado 1988 21.79

218 6.00 Colorado 1989 28.46

219 6.00 Colorado 1990 30.37

220 6.00 Colorado 1991 28.88

221 6.00 Colorado 1992 28.37

222 6.00 Colorado 1993 36.17

223 6.00 Colorado 1994 45.77

224 6.00 Colorado 1995 58.37

225 6.00 Colorado 1996 41.93

226 6.00 Colorado 1997 21.77

227 6.00 Colorado 1998 15.98

228 6.00 Colorado 1999 .

229 6.00 Colorado 2000 18.33

230 6.00 Colorado 2001 .

231 6.00 Colorado 2002 .

232 7.00 Connecticut 1970 4.29

233 7.00 Connecticut 1971 19.09

234 7.00 Connecticut 1972 39.60

235 7.00 Connecticut 1973 25.26

236 7.00 Connecticut 1974 51.23

237 7.00 Connecticut 1975 15.91

238 7.00 Connecticut 1976 22.23

239 7.00 Connecticut 1977 33.73

240 7.00 Connecticut 1978 45.19

241 7.00 Connecticut 1979 37.70

242 7.00 Connecticut 1980 34.05

243 7.00 Connecticut 1981 29.79

244 7.00 Connecticut 1982 29.03

245 7.00 Connecticut 1983 41.81

16

246 7.00 Connecticut 1984 36.71

247 7.00 Connecticut 1985 20.80

248 7.00 Connecticut 1986 22.52

249 7.00 Connecticut 1987 26.00

250 7.00 Connecticut 1988 19.03

251 7.00 Connecticut 1989 11.39

252 7.00 Connecticut 1990 8.71

253 7.00 Connecticut 1991 14.47

254 7.00 Connecticut 1992 8.86

255 7.00 Connecticut 1993 15.09

256 7.00 Connecticut 1994 18.81

257 7.00 Connecticut 1995 24.59

258 7.00 Connecticut 1996 29.28

259 7.00 Connecticut 1997 18.90

260 7.00 Connecticut 1998 14.28

261 7.00 Connecticut 1999 .

262 7.00 Connecticut 2000 11.42



265 8.00 Delaware 1970 1.68

266 8.00 Delaware 1971 80.65

267 8.00 Delaware 1972 21.51

268 8.00 Delaware 1973 36.92

269 8.00 Delaware 1974 27.52

270 8.00 Delaware 1975 35.67

271 8.00 Delaware 1976 41.97

272 8.00 Delaware 1977 88.15

273 8.00 Delaware 1978 107.08

274 8.00 Delaware 1979 102.01

275 8.00 Delaware 1980 78.42

276 8.00 Delaware 1981 95.10

17

277 8.00 Delaware 1982 177.08

278 8.00 Delaware 1983 149.27

279 8.00 Delaware 1984 120.97

280 8.00 Delaware 1985 87.59

281 8.00 Delaware 1986 53.40

282 8.00 Delaware 1987 70.05

283 8.00 Delaware 1988 62.73

284 8.00 Delaware 1989 62.81

285 8.00 Delaware 1990 62.13

286 8.00 Delaware 1991 64.09

287 8.00 Delaware 1992 45.28

288 8.00 Delaware 1993 44.56

289 8.00 Delaware 1994 37.52

290 8.00 Delaware 1995 42.30

291 8.00 Delaware 1996 24.28

292 8.00 Delaware 1997 24.12

293 8.00 Delaware 1998 27.19

294 8.00 Delaware 1999 .

295 8.00 Delaware 2000 32.54

296 8.00 Delaware 2001 .

297 8.00 Delaware 2002 .

298 9.00 District of Columbia 1970 2.81










18




















327 9.00 District of Columbia 1999 .




331 10.00 Florida 1970 6.53

332 10.00 Florida 1971 20.30

333 10.00 Florida 1972 21.48

334 10.00 Florida 1973 45.78

335 10.00 Florida 1974 44.66

336 10.00 Florida 1975 46.56

337 10.00 Florida 1976 41.42

338 10.00 Florida 1977 42.51

19

339 10.00 Florida 1978 45.25

340 10.00 Florida 1979 52.15

341 10.00 Florida 1980 55.82

342 10.00 Florida 1981 53.31

343 10.00 Florida 1982 46.58

344 10.00 Florida 1983 44.49

345 10.00 Florida 1984 41.66

346 10.00 Florida 1985 39.97

347 10.00 Florida 1986 32.93

348 10.00 Florida 1987 37.15

349 10.00 Florida 1988 31.93

350 10.00 Florida 1989 25.98

351 10.00 Florida 1990 28.66

352 10.00 Florida 1991 28.35

353 10.00 Florida 1992 31.12

354 10.00 Florida 1993 29.61

355 10.00 Florida 1994 27.27

356 10.00 Florida 1995 29.13

357 10.00 Florida 1996 29.25

358 10.00 Florida 1997 21.04

359 10.00 Florida 1998 21.06

360 10.00 Florida 1999 .

361 10.00 Florida 2000 17.69

362 10.00 Florida 2001 .

363 10.00 Florida 2002 .

364 11.00 Georgia 1970 3.72

365 11.00 Georgia 1971 3.10

366 11.00 Georgia 1972 2.80

367 11.00 Georgia 1973 10.11

368 11.00 Georgia 1974 14.32

369 11.00 Georgia 1975 16.75

20

370 11.00 Georgia 1976 17.92

371 11.00 Georgia 1977 16.64

372 11.00 Georgia 1978 20.15

373 11.00 Georgia 1979 18.92

374 11.00 Georgia 1980 21.76

375 11.00 Georgia 1981 41.71

376 11.00 Georgia 1982 52.55

377 11.00 Georgia 1983 38.29

378 11.00 Georgia 1984 32.91

379 11.00 Georgia 1985 23.80

380 11.00 Georgia 1986 27.01

381 11.00 Georgia 1987 36.50

382 11.00 Georgia 1988 35.13

383 11.00 Georgia 1989 32.51

384 11.00 Georgia 1990 30.12

385 11.00 Georgia 1991 27.67

386 11.00 Georgia 1992 40.17

387 11.00 Georgia 1993 30.49

388 11.00 Georgia 1994 49.07

389 11.00 Georgia 1995 42.55

390 11.00 Georgia 1996 35.74

391 11.00 Georgia 1997 24.85

392 11.00 Georgia 1998 25.22

393 11.00 Georgia 1999 .

394 11.00 Georgia 2000 23.31

395 11.00 Georgia 2001 .

396 11.00 Georgia 2002 .

397 12.00 Hawaii 1970 4.39

398 12.00 Hawaii 1971 .

399 12.00 Hawaii 1972 3.33

400 12.00 Hawaii 1973 .

21

401 12.00 Hawaii 1974 6.47

402 12.00 Hawaii 1975 5.89

403 12.00 Hawaii 1976 4.10

404 12.00 Hawaii 1977 1.96

405 12.00 Hawaii 1978 1.59

406 12.00 Hawaii 1979 8.12

407 12.00 Hawaii 1980 7.10

408 12.00 Hawaii 1981 9.69

409 12.00 Hawaii 1982 11.16

410 12.00 Hawaii 1983 17.76

411 12.00 Hawaii 1984 29.99

412 12.00 Hawaii 1985 15.42

413 12.00 Hawaii 1986 14.68

414 12.00 Hawaii 1987 14.77

415 12.00 Hawaii 1988 29.23

416 12.00 Hawaii 1989 32.74

417 12.00 Hawaii 1990 45.61

418 12.00 Hawaii 1991 30.28

419 12.00 Hawaii 1992 36.28

420 12.00 Hawaii 1993 56.15

421 12.00 Hawaii 1994 26.13

422 12.00 Hawaii 1995 27.03

423 12.00 Hawaii 1996 23.87

424 12.00 Hawaii 1997 13.73

425 12.00 Hawaii 1998 15.41

426 12.00 Hawaii 1999 .

427 12.00 Hawaii 2000 1.98

428 12.00 Hawaii 2001 .

429 12.00 Hawaii 2002 .

430 13.00 Idaho 1970 7.30

431 13.00 Idaho 1971 2.76

22

432 13.00 Idaho 1972 2.65

433 13.00 Idaho 1973 7.04

434 13.00 Idaho 1974 28.57

435 13.00 Idaho 1975 37.93

436 13.00 Idaho 1976 21.58

437 13.00 Idaho 1977 3.90

438 13.00 Idaho 1978 23.66

439 13.00 Idaho 1979 36.63

440 13.00 Idaho 1980 23.53

441 13.00 Idaho 1981 49.78

442 13.00 Idaho 1982 20.98

443 13.00 Idaho 1983 23.96

444 13.00 Idaho 1984 42.16

445 13.00 Idaho 1985 33.41

446 13.00 Idaho 1986 33.15

447 13.00 Idaho 1987 75.32

448 13.00 Idaho 1988 34.83

449 13.00 Idaho 1989 29.25

450 13.00 Idaho 1990 35.71

451 13.00 Idaho 1991 22.83

452 13.00 Idaho 1992 17.10

453 13.00 Idaho 1993 29.20

454 13.00 Idaho 1994 46.93

455 13.00 Idaho 1995 23.71

456 13.00 Idaho 1996 28.25

457 13.00 Idaho 1997 21.74

458 13.00 Idaho 1998 12.43

459 13.00 Idaho 1999 .

460 13.00 Idaho 2000 20.74

461 13.00 Idaho 2001 .

462 13.00 Idaho 2002 .

23

463 14.00 Illinois 1970 35.57

464 14.00 Illinois 1971 45.10

465 14.00 Illinois 1972 37.12

466 14.00 Illinois 1973 43.57

467 14.00 Illinois 1974 30.45

468 14.00 Illinois 1975 22.94

469 14.00 Illinois 1976 27.45

470 14.00 Illinois 1977 33.06

471 14.00 Illinois 1978 42.69

472 14.00 Illinois 1979 42.69

473 14.00 Illinois 1980 49.75

474 14.00 Illinois 1981 41.52

475 14.00 Illinois 1982 47.72

476 14.00 Illinois 1983 44.18

477 14.00 Illinois 1984 37.96

478 14.00 Illinois 1985 38.90

479 14.00 Illinois 1986 45.18

480 14.00 Illinois 1987 47.96

481 14.00 Illinois 1988 37.00

482 14.00 Illinois 1989 33.63

483 14.00 Illinois 1990 35.03

484 14.00 Illinois 1991 31.43

485 14.00 Illinois 1992 36.22

486 14.00 Illinois 1993 37.08

487 14.00 Illinois 1994 40.27

488 14.00 Illinois 1995 32.13

489 14.00 Illinois 1996 32.59

490 14.00 Illinois 1997 25.25

491 14.00 Illinois 1998 22.16

492 14.00 Illinois 1999 .

493 14.00 Illinois 2000 15.72

24

494 14.00 Illinois 2001 .

495 14.00 Illinois 2002 .

496 15.00 Indiana 1970 1.93

497 15.00 Indiana 1971 2.52

498 15.00 Indiana 1972 4.16

499 15.00 Indiana 1973 2.68

500 15.00 Indiana 1974 8.19

501 15.00 Indiana 1975 7.26

502 15.00 Indiana 1976 5.71

503 15.00 Indiana 1977 3.89

504 15.00 Indiana 1978 20.59

505 15.00 Indiana 1979 14.95

506 15.00 Indiana 1980 16.99

507 15.00 Indiana 1981 15.52

508 15.00 Indiana 1982 13.82

509 15.00 Indiana 1983 21.05

510 15.00 Indiana 1984 35.03

511 15.00 Indiana 1985 21.11

512 15.00 Indiana 1986 30.07

513 15.00 Indiana 1987 37.62

514 15.00 Indiana 1988 42.21

515 15.00 Indiana 1989 29.22

516 15.00 Indiana 1990 34.47

517 15.00 Indiana 1991 33.52

518 15.00 Indiana 1992 42.88

519 15.00 Indiana 1993 48.03

520 15.00 Indiana 1994 50.69

521 15.00 Indiana 1995 58.91

522 15.00 Indiana 1996 43.70

523 15.00 Indiana 1997 34.10

524 15.00 Indiana 1998 25.56

25

525 15.00 Indiana 1999 .

526 15.00 Indiana 2000 24.18

527 15.00 Indiana 2001 .

528 15.00 Indiana 2002 .

529 16.00 Iowa 1970 .57

530 16.00 Iowa 1971 4.55

531 16.00 Iowa 1972 23.74

532 16.00 Iowa 1973 19.97

533 16.00 Iowa 1974 51.49

534 16.00 Iowa 1975 23.02

535 16.00 Iowa 1976 63.39

536 16.00 Iowa 1977 31.06

537 16.00 Iowa 1978 49.60

538 16.00 Iowa 1979 54.84

539 16.00 Iowa 1980 71.40

540 16.00 Iowa 1981 68.91

541 16.00 Iowa 1982 76.71

542 16.00 Iowa 1983 74.27

543 16.00 Iowa 1984 112.13

544 16.00 Iowa 1985 134.35

545 16.00 Iowa 1986 103.35

546 16.00 Iowa 1987 115.75

547 16.00 Iowa 1988 145.68

548 16.00 Iowa 1989 109.65

549 16.00 Iowa 1990 124.53

550 16.00 Iowa 1991 119.18

551 16.00 Iowa 1992 111.78

552 16.00 Iowa 1993 110.25

553 16.00 Iowa 1994 102.45

554 16.00 Iowa 1995 136.47

555 16.00 Iowa 1996 100.44

26

556 16.00 Iowa 1997 38.20

557 16.00 Iowa 1998 30.43

558 16.00 Iowa 1999 .

559 16.00 Iowa 2000 21.90

560 16.00 Iowa 2001 .

561 16.00 Iowa 2002 .

562 17.00 Kansas 1970 12.62

563 17.00 Kansas 1971 8.92

564 17.00 Kansas 1972 12.18

565 17.00 Kansas 1973 13.29

566 17.00 Kansas 1974 15.48

567 17.00 Kansas 1975 38.77

568 17.00 Kansas 1976 24.45

569 17.00 Kansas 1977 24.90

570 17.00 Kansas 1978 26.66

571 17.00 Kansas 1979 31.62

572 17.00 Kansas 1980 25.67

573 17.00 Kansas 1981 28.77

574 17.00 Kansas 1982 35.38

575 17.00 Kansas 1983 35.05

576 17.00 Kansas 1984 30.96

577 17.00 Kansas 1985 25.58

578 17.00 Kansas 1986 23.76

579 17.00 Kansas 1987 27.23

580 17.00 Kansas 1988 36.08

581 17.00 Kansas 1989 44.07

582 17.00 Kansas 1990 36.10

583 17.00 Kansas 1991 29.10

584 17.00 Kansas 1992 43.26

585 17.00 Kansas 1993 54.08

586 17.00 Kansas 1994 51.66

27

587 17.00 Kansas 1995 36.71

588 17.00 Kansas 1996 37.65

589 17.00 Kansas 1997 26.91

590 17.00 Kansas 1998 17.73

591 17.00 Kansas 1999 .

592 17.00 Kansas 2000 20.24

593 17.00 Kansas 2001 .

594 17.00 Kansas 2002 .

595 18.00 Kentucky 1970 1.76

596 18.00 Kentucky 1971 2.61

597 18.00 Kentucky 1972 11.90

598 18.00 Kentucky 1973 10.83

599 18.00 Kentucky 1974 8.19

600 18.00 Kentucky 1975 8.55

601 18.00 Kentucky 1976 15.86

602 18.00 Kentucky 1977 29.77

603 18.00 Kentucky 1978 27.14

604 18.00 Kentucky 1979 30.34

605 18.00 Kentucky 1980 34.84

606 18.00 Kentucky 1981 45.83

607 18.00 Kentucky 1982 35.76

608 18.00 Kentucky 1983 45.03

609 18.00 Kentucky 1984 62.63

610 18.00 Kentucky 1985 61.95

611 18.00 Kentucky 1986 75.16

612 18.00 Kentucky 1987 76.95

613 18.00 Kentucky 1988 73.70

614 18.00 Kentucky 1989 99.30

615 18.00 Kentucky 1990 76.35

616 18.00 Kentucky 1991 66.50

617 18.00 Kentucky 1992 68.23

28

618 18.00 Kentucky 1993 73.30

619 18.00 Kentucky 1994 61.67

620 18.00 Kentucky 1995 77.26

621 18.00 Kentucky 1996 60.90

622 18.00 Kentucky 1997 29.33

623 18.00 Kentucky 1998 34.15

624 18.00 Kentucky 1999 .

625 18.00 Kentucky 2000 23.99

626 18.00 Kentucky 2001 .

627 18.00 Kentucky 2002 .

628 19.00 Louisiana 1970 2.38

629 19.00 Louisiana 1971 5.29

630 19.00 Louisiana 1972 7.31

631 19.00 Louisiana 1973 11.41

632 19.00 Louisiana 1974 15.28

633 19.00 Louisiana 1975 26.89

634 19.00 Louisiana 1976 30.24

635 19.00 Louisiana 1977 34.11

636 19.00 Louisiana 1978 39.99

637 19.00 Louisiana 1979 61.52

638 19.00 Louisiana 1980 58.12

639 19.00 Louisiana 1981 67.04

640 19.00 Louisiana 1982 70.16

641 19.00 Louisiana 1983 90.15

642 19.00 Louisiana 1984 86.94

643 19.00 Louisiana 1985 62.31

644 19.00 Louisiana 1986 63.61

645 19.00 Louisiana 1987 122.57

646 19.00 Louisiana 1988 122.46

647 19.00 Louisiana 1989 104.20

648 19.00 Louisiana 1990 93.08

29

649 19.00 Louisiana 1991 98.76

650 19.00 Louisiana 1992 73.74

651 19.00 Louisiana 1993 80.36

652 19.00 Louisiana 1994 93.67

653 19.00 Louisiana 1995 89.60

654 19.00 Louisiana 1996 82.71

655 19.00 Louisiana 1997 52.57

656 19.00 Louisiana 1998 41.21

657 19.00 Louisiana 1999 .

658 19.00 Louisiana 2000 39.86

659 19.00 Louisiana 2001 .

660 19.00 Louisiana 2002 .

661 20.00 Maine 1970 5.81

662 20.00 Maine 1971 .

663 20.00 Maine 1972 12.68

664 20.00 Maine 1973 6.62

665 20.00 Maine 1974 1.90

666 20.00 Maine 1975 4.67

667 20.00 Maine 1976 4.88

668 20.00 Maine 1977 1.50

669 20.00 Maine 1978 10.51

670 20.00 Maine 1979 31.07

671 20.00 Maine 1980 36.75

672 20.00 Maine 1981 23.69

673 20.00 Maine 1982 26.88

674 20.00 Maine 1983 9.50

675 20.00 Maine 1984 8.15

676 20.00 Maine 1985 28.62

677 20.00 Maine 1986 38.84

678 20.00 Maine 1987 49.28

679 20.00 Maine 1988 57.59

30

680 20.00 Maine 1989 51.32

681 20.00 Maine 1990 51.27

682 20.00 Maine 1991 37.72

683 20.00 Maine 1992 35.10

684 20.00 Maine 1993 40.36

685 20.00 Maine 1994 47.26

686 20.00 Maine 1995 58.42

687 20.00 Maine 1996 29.13

688 20.00 Maine 1997 28.11

689 20.00 Maine 1998 17.80

690 20.00 Maine 1999 .

691 20.00 Maine 2000 23.33

692 20.00 Maine 2001 .

693 20.00 Maine 2002 .

694 21.00 Maryland 1970 10.41

695 21.00 Maryland 1971 19.39

696 21.00 Maryland 1972 13.62

697 21.00 Maryland 1973 17.93

698 21.00 Maryland 1974 16.01

699 21.00 Maryland 1975 23.69

700 21.00 Maryland 1976 20.85

701 21.00 Maryland 1977 40.63

702 21.00 Maryland 1978 46.35

703 21.00 Maryland 1979 68.16

704 21.00 Maryland 1980 48.30

705 21.00 Maryland 1981 56.56

706 21.00 Maryland 1982 42.77

707 21.00 Maryland 1983 35.48

708 21.00 Maryland 1984 32.95

709 21.00 Maryland 1985 46.67

710 21.00 Maryland 1986 34.31

31

711 21.00 Maryland 1987 33.71

712 21.00 Maryland 1988 39.69

713 21.00 Maryland 1989 31.76

714 21.00 Maryland 1990 26.13

715 21.00 Maryland 1991 28.08

716 21.00 Maryland 1992 32.27

717 21.00 Maryland 1993 33.56

718 21.00 Maryland 1994 32.05

719 21.00 Maryland 1995 33.23

720 21.00 Maryland 1996 31.20

721 21.00 Maryland 1997 25.47

722 21.00 Maryland 1998 24.20

723 21.00 Maryland 1999 .

724 21.00 Maryland 2000 17.83

725 21.00 Maryland 2001 .

726 21.00 Maryland 2002 .

727 22.00 Massachusetts 1970 6.33

728 22.00 Massachusetts 1971 23.15

729 22.00 Massachusetts 1972 29.63

730 22.00 Massachusetts 1973 26.75

731 22.00 Massachusetts 1974 16.62

732 22.00 Massachusetts 1975 19.24

733 22.00 Massachusetts 1976 30.06

734 22.00 Massachusetts 1977 20.18

735 22.00 Massachusetts 1978 16.21

736 22.00 Massachusetts 1979 23.46

737 22.00 Massachusetts 1980 25.00

738 22.00 Massachusetts 1981 19.18

739 22.00 Massachusetts 1982 18.51

740 22.00 Massachusetts 1983 22.73

741 22.00 Massachusetts 1984 17.29

32

742 22.00 Massachusetts 1985 9.54

743 22.00 Massachusetts 1986 14.89

744 22.00 Massachusetts 1987 22.17

745 22.00 Massachusetts 1988 18.36

746 22.00 Massachusetts 1989 20.50

747 22.00 Massachusetts 1990 8.39

748 22.00 Massachusetts 1991 6.59

749 22.00 Massachusetts 1992 8.85

750 22.00 Massachusetts 1993 7.53

751 22.00 Massachusetts 1994 8.07

752 22.00 Massachusetts 1995 13.69

753 22.00 Massachusetts 1996 10.92

754 22.00 Massachusetts 1997 12.82

755 22.00 Massachusetts 1998 5.28

756 22.00 Massachusetts 1999 .

757 22.00 Massachusetts 2000 4.48



760 23.00 Michigan 1970 5.40

761 23.00 Michigan 1971 6.49

762 23.00 Michigan 1972 12.99

763 23.00 Michigan 1973 12.07

764 23.00 Michigan 1974 14.72

765 23.00 Michigan 1975 11.80

766 23.00 Michigan 1976 14.84

767 23.00 Michigan 1977 18.30

768 23.00 Michigan 1978 22.75

769 23.00 Michigan 1979 27.66

770 23.00 Michigan 1980 33.13

771 23.00 Michigan 1981 40.31

772 23.00 Michigan 1982 43.79

33

773 23.00 Michigan 1983 38.39

774 23.00 Michigan 1984 43.34

775 23.00 Michigan 1985 31.65

776 23.00 Michigan 1986 39.00

777 23.00 Michigan 1987 36.77

778 23.00 Michigan 1988 38.10

779 23.00 Michigan 1989 35.11

780 23.00 Michigan 1990 30.23

781 23.00 Michigan 1991 25.34

782 23.00 Michigan 1992 24.67

783 23.00 Michigan 1993 24.95

784 23.00 Michigan 1994 26.41

785 23.00 Michigan 1995 29.02

786 23.00 Michigan 1996 24.84

787 23.00 Michigan 1997 15.10

788 23.00 Michigan 1998 10.18

789 23.00 Michigan 1999 .

790 23.00 Michigan 2000 8.86

791 23.00 Michigan 2001 .

792 23.00 Michigan 2002 .

793 24.00 Minnesota 1970 3.15

794 24.00 Minnesota 1971 3.22

795 24.00 Minnesota 1972 5.98

796 24.00 Minnesota 1973 11.41

797 24.00 Minnesota 1974 15.31

798 24.00 Minnesota 1975 15.52

799 24.00 Minnesota 1976 7.39

800 24.00 Minnesota 1977 15.95

801 24.00 Minnesota 1978 10.34

802 24.00 Minnesota 1979 10.58

803 24.00 Minnesota 1980 13.27

34

804 24.00 Minnesota 1981 7.86

805 24.00 Minnesota 1982 24.12

806 24.00 Minnesota 1983 18.79

807 24.00 Minnesota 1984 22.31

808 24.00 Minnesota 1985 21.24

809 24.00 Minnesota 1986 20.28

810 24.00 Minnesota 1987 16.63

811 24.00 Minnesota 1988 21.41

812 24.00 Minnesota 1989 16.24

813 24.00 Minnesota 1990 19.60

814 24.00 Minnesota 1991 15.93

815 24.00 Minnesota 1992 17.41

816 24.00 Minnesota 1993 25.37

817 24.00 Minnesota 1994 23.56

818 24.00 Minnesota 1995 22.69

819 24.00 Minnesota 1996 25.60

820 24.00 Minnesota 1997 5.63

821 24.00 Minnesota 1998 6.93

822 24.00 Minnesota 1999 .

823 24.00 Minnesota 2000 8.59

824 24.00 Minnesota 2001 .

825 24.00 Minnesota 2002 .

826 25.00 Mississippi 1970 2.89

827 25.00 Mississippi 1971 5.98

828 25.00 Mississippi 1972 4.26

829 25.00 Mississippi 1973 9.21

830 25.00 Mississippi 1974 11.75

831 25.00 Mississippi 1975 17.75

832 25.00 Mississippi 1976 7.58

833 25.00 Mississippi 1977 19.89

834 25.00 Mississippi 1978 31.87

35

835 25.00 Mississippi 1979 28.15

836 25.00 Mississippi 1980 42.62

837 25.00 Mississippi 1981 48.89

838 25.00 Mississippi 1982 32.71

839 25.00 Mississippi 1983 44.10

840 25.00 Mississippi 1984 50.43

841 25.00 Mississippi 1985 34.44

842 25.00 Mississippi 1986 52.17

843 25.00 Mississippi 1987 47.19

844 25.00 Mississippi 1988 33.24

845 25.00 Mississippi 1989 58.20

846 25.00 Mississippi 1990 61.71

847 25.00 Mississippi 1991 47.61

848 25.00 Mississippi 1992 71.51

849 25.00 Mississippi 1993 73.87

850 25.00 Mississippi 1994 77.79

851 25.00 Mississippi 1995 101.94

852 25.00 Mississippi 1996 101.50

853 25.00 Mississippi 1997 58.47

854 25.00 Mississippi 1998 46.36

855 25.00 Mississippi 1999 .

856 25.00 Mississippi 2000 42.64

857 25.00 Mississippi 2001 .

858 25.00 Mississippi 2002 .

859 26.00 Missouri 1970 18.17

860 26.00 Missouri 1971 18.26

861 26.00 Missouri 1972 38.49

862 26.00 Missouri 1973 44.07

863 26.00 Missouri 1974 43.57

864 26.00 Missouri 1975 47.82

865 26.00 Missouri 1976 39.62

36

866 26.00 Missouri 1977 42.25

867 26.00 Missouri 1978 46.12

868 26.00 Missouri 1979 39.59

869 26.00 Missouri 1980 45.58

870 26.00 Missouri 1981 45.77

871 26.00 Missouri 1982 41.63

872 26.00 Missouri 1983 65.04

873 26.00 Missouri 1984 62.29

874 26.00 Missouri 1985 68.61

875 26.00 Missouri 1986 93.41

876 26.00 Missouri 1987 75.90

877 26.00 Missouri 1988 79.66

878 26.00 Missouri 1989 74.85

879 26.00 Missouri 1990 72.68

880 26.00 Missouri 1991 87.19

881 26.00 Missouri 1992 87.96

882 26.00 Missouri 1993 97.54

883 26.00 Missouri 1994 74.93

884 26.00 Missouri 1995 76.97

885 26.00 Missouri 1996 42.83

886 26.00 Missouri 1997 25.92

887 26.00 Missouri 1998 23.38

888 26.00 Missouri 1999 .

889 26.00 Missouri 2000 15.06

890 26.00 Missouri 2001 .

891 26.00 Missouri 2002 .

892 27.00 Montana 1970 11.54

893 27.00 Montana 1971 4.00

894 27.00 Montana 1972 31.80

895 27.00 Montana 1973 6.33

896 27.00 Montana 1974 23.81

37

897 27.00 Montana 1975 7.98

898 27.00 Montana 1976 19.71

899 27.00 Montana 1977 38.65

900 27.00 Montana 1978 15.46

901 27.00 Montana 1979 10.13

902 27.00 Montana 1980 47.28

903 27.00 Montana 1981 65.13

904 27.00 Montana 1982 70.37

905 27.00 Montana 1983 130.27

906 27.00 Montana 1984 99.27

907 27.00 Montana 1985 75.73

908 27.00 Montana 1986 51.52

909 27.00 Montana 1987 42.12

910 27.00 Montana 1988 32.03

911 27.00 Montana 1989 38.99

912 27.00 Montana 1990 32.19

913 27.00 Montana 1991 37.47

914 27.00 Montana 1992 55.93

915 27.00 Montana 1993 52.56

916 27.00 Montana 1994 42.74

917 27.00 Montana 1995 47.47

918 27.00 Montana 1996 37.11

919 27.00 Montana 1997 10.74

920 27.00 Montana 1998 14.10

921 27.00 Montana 1999 .

922 27.00 Montana 2000 14.36

923 27.00 Montana 2001 .

924 27.00 Montana 2002 .

925 28.00 Nebraska 1970 33.00

926 28.00 Nebraska 1971 70.19

927 28.00 Nebraska 1972 37.78

38

928 28.00 Nebraska 1973 29.82

929 28.00 Nebraska 1974 31.73

930 28.00 Nebraska 1975 13.84

931 28.00 Nebraska 1976 20.35

932 28.00 Nebraska 1977 20.35

933 28.00 Nebraska 1978 44.49

934 28.00 Nebraska 1979 38.40

935 28.00 Nebraska 1980 28.67

936 28.00 Nebraska 1981 58.25

937 28.00 Nebraska 1982 32.54

938 28.00 Nebraska 1983 42.01

939 28.00 Nebraska 1984 37.87

940 28.00 Nebraska 1985 47.72

941 28.00 Nebraska 1986 160.06

942 28.00 Nebraska 1987 123.20

943 28.00 Nebraska 1988 144.38

944 28.00 Nebraska 1989 86.40

945 28.00 Nebraska 1990 101.80

946 28.00 Nebraska 1991 55.58

947 28.00 Nebraska 1992 67.04

948 28.00 Nebraska 1993 86.59

949 28.00 Nebraska 1994 70.34

950 28.00 Nebraska 1995 95.38

951 28.00 Nebraska 1996 83.64

952 28.00 Nebraska 1997 29.87

953 28.00 Nebraska 1998 26.85

954 28.00 Nebraska 1999 .

955 28.00 Nebraska 2000 15.96

956 28.00 Nebraska 2001 .

957 28.00 Nebraska 2002 .

958 29.00 Nevada 1970 4.35

39

959 29.00 Nevada 1971 4.72

960 29.00 Nevada 1972 15.48

961 29.00 Nevada 1973 5.35

962 29.00 Nevada 1974 14.98

963 29.00 Nevada 1975 29.02

964 29.00 Nevada 1976 30.18

965 29.00 Nevada 1977 46.34

966 29.00 Nevada 1978 29.43

967 29.00 Nevada 1979 35.50

968 29.00 Nevada 1980 24.00

969 29.00 Nevada 1981 25.69

970 29.00 Nevada 1982 33.27

971 29.00 Nevada 1983 31.64

972 29.00 Nevada 1984 21.33

973 29.00 Nevada 1985 55.88

974 29.00 Nevada 1986 55.89

975 29.00 Nevada 1987 67.72

976 29.00 Nevada 1988 63.04

977 29.00 Nevada 1989 67.55

978 29.00 Nevada 1990 63.29

979 29.00 Nevada 1991 65.05

980 29.00 Nevada 1992 73.10

981 29.00 Nevada 1993 84.35

982 29.00 Nevada 1994 69.29

983 29.00 Nevada 1995 61.19

984 29.00 Nevada 1996 49.62

985 29.00 Nevada 1997 67.49

986 29.00 Nevada 1998 87.13

987 29.00 Nevada 1999 .

988 29.00 Nevada 2000 28.83

989 29.00 Nevada 2001 .

40

990 29.00 Nevada 2002 .

991 30.00 New Hampshire 1970 .

992 30.00 New Hampshire 1971 .

993 30.00 New Hampshire 1972 125.00

994 30.00 New Hampshire 1973 79.42

995 30.00 New Hampshire 1974 228.31

996 30.00 New Hampshire 1975 246.03

997 30.00 New Hampshire 1976 216.54

998 30.00 New Hampshire 1977 125.52

999 30.00 New Hampshire 1978 159.09

1000 30.00 New Hampshire 1979 74.68

1001 30.00 New Hampshire 1980 47.92

1002 30.00 New Hampshire 1981 30.22

1003 30.00 New Hampshire 1982 26.97

1004 30.00 New Hampshire 1983 41.39

1005 30.00 New Hampshire 1984 65.69

1006 30.00 New Hampshire 1985 88.65

1007 30.00 New Hampshire 1986 45.39

1008 30.00 New Hampshire 1987 31.95

1009 30.00 New Hampshire 1988 17.29

1010 30.00 New Hampshire 1989 41.41

1011 30.00 New Hampshire 1990 31.69

1012 30.00 New Hampshire 1991 40.18

1013 30.00 New Hampshire 1992 48.28

1014 30.00 New Hampshire 1993 40.55

1015 30.00 New Hampshire 1994 26.62

1016 30.00 New Hampshire 1995 22.98

1017 30.00 New Hampshire 1996 24.55

1018 30.00 New Hampshire 1997 20.44

1019 30.00 New Hampshire 1998 24.77

1020 30.00 New Hampshire 1999 .

41

1021 30.00 New Hampshire 2000 33.38

1022 30.00 New Hampshire 2001 .

1023 30.00 New Hampshire 2002 .

1024 31.00 New Jersey 1970 9.47

1025 31.00 New Jersey 1971 13.85

1026 31.00 New Jersey 1972 17.05

1027 31.00 New Jersey 1973 10.08

1028 31.00 New Jersey 1974 13.41

1029 31.00 New Jersey 1975 17.68

1030 31.00 New Jersey 1976 22.32

1031 31.00 New Jersey 1977 20.11

1032 31.00 New Jersey 1978 31.69

1033 31.00 New Jersey 1979 31.95

1034 31.00 New Jersey 1980 32.31

1035 31.00 New Jersey 1981 33.02

1036 31.00 New Jersey 1982 36.72

1037 31.00 New Jersey 1983 28.77

1038 31.00 New Jersey 1984 34.51

1039 31.00 New Jersey 1985 46.79

1040 31.00 New Jersey 1986 34.53

1041 31.00 New Jersey 1987 27.33

1042 31.00 New Jersey 1988 27.57

1043 31.00 New Jersey 1989 27.60

1044 31.00 New Jersey 1990 26.15

1045 31.00 New Jersey 1991 26.53

1046 31.00 New Jersey 1992 25.68

1047 31.00 New Jersey 1993 22.43

1048 31.00 New Jersey 1994 34.92

1049 31.00 New Jersey 1995 26.92

1050 31.00 New Jersey 1996 17.30

1051 31.00 New Jersey 1997 9.84

42

1052 31.00 New Jersey 1998 14.35

1053 31.00 New Jersey 1999 .

1054 31.00 New Jersey 2000 18.70

1055 31.00 New Jersey 2001 .

1056 31.00 New Jersey 2002 .

1057 32.00 New Mexico 1970 1.35

1058 32.00 New Mexico 1971 4.67

1059 32.00 New Mexico 1972 41.88

1060 32.00 New Mexico 1973 33.06

1061 32.00 New Mexico 1974 21.06

1062 32.00 New Mexico 1975 35.78

1063 32.00 New Mexico 1976 23.67

1064 32.00 New Mexico 1977 31.62

1065 32.00 New Mexico 1978 70.05

1066 32.00 New Mexico 1979 67.58

1067 32.00 New Mexico 1980 59.43

1068 32.00 New Mexico 1981 38.12

1069 32.00 New Mexico 1982 38.46

1070 32.00 New Mexico 1983 48.04

1071 32.00 New Mexico 1984 51.60

1072 32.00 New Mexico 1985 55.33

1073 32.00 New Mexico 1986 53.36

1074 32.00 New Mexico 1987 62.50

1075 32.00 New Mexico 1988 45.54

1076 32.00 New Mexico 1989 41.65

1077 32.00 New Mexico 1990 18.05

1078 32.00 New Mexico 1991 26.78

1079 32.00 New Mexico 1992 48.63

1080 32.00 New Mexico 1993 42.01

1081 32.00 New Mexico 1994 28.70

1082 32.00 New Mexico 1995 28.51

43

1083 32.00 New Mexico 1996 29.16

1084 32.00 New Mexico 1997 24.18

1085 32.00 New Mexico 1998 25.00

1086 32.00 New Mexico 1999 .

1087 32.00 New Mexico 2000 15.90

1088 32.00 New Mexico 2001 .

1089 32.00 New Mexico 2002 .

1090 33.00 New York 1970 23.14

1091 33.00 New York 1971 47.70

1092 33.00 New York 1972 47.38

1093 33.00 New York 1973 44.73

1094 33.00 New York 1974 37.96

1095 33.00 New York 1975 26.44

1096 33.00 New York 1976 20.44

1097 33.00 New York 1977 19.00

1098 33.00 New York 1978 22.88

1099 33.00 New York 1979 29.77

1100 33.00 New York 1980 29.17

1101 33.00 New York 1981 38.39

1102 33.00 New York 1982 39.12

1103 33.00 New York 1983 42.33

1104 33.00 New York 1984 40.23

1105 33.00 New York 1985 32.45

1106 33.00 New York 1986 28.36

1107 33.00 New York 1987 27.86

1108 33.00 New York 1988 20.33

1109 33.00 New York 1989 20.53

1110 33.00 New York 1990 16.98

1111 33.00 New York 1991 17.32

1112 33.00 New York 1992 20.02

1113 33.00 New York 1993 23.31

44

1114 33.00 New York 1994 25.39

1115 33.00 New York 1995 26.11

1116 33.00 New York 1996 30.94

1117 33.00 New York 1997 18.17

1118 33.00 New York 1998 16.76

1119 33.00 New York 1999 .

1120 33.00 New York 2000 20.39

1121 33.00 New York 2001 .

1122 33.00 New York 2002 .

1123 34.00 North Carolina 1970 11.06

1124 34.00 North Carolina 1971 14.37

1125 34.00 North Carolina 1972 22.51

1126 34.00 North Carolina 1973 26.76

1127 34.00 North Carolina 1974 20.03

1128 34.00 North Carolina 1975 23.11

1129 34.00 North Carolina 1976 13.65

1130 34.00 North Carolina 1977 18.61

1131 34.00 North Carolina 1978 30.86

1132 34.00 North Carolina 1979 37.39

1133 34.00 North Carolina 1980 44.70

1134 34.00 North Carolina 1981 48.33

1135 34.00 North Carolina 1982 33.79

1136 34.00 North Carolina 1983 36.55

1137 34.00 North Carolina 1984 33.76

1138 34.00 North Carolina 1985 35.03

1139 34.00 North Carolina 1986 42.65

1140 34.00 North Carolina 1987 44.30

1141 34.00 North Carolina 1988 44.59

1142 34.00 North Carolina 1989 39.29

1143 34.00 North Carolina 1990 26.85

1144 34.00 North Carolina 1991 26.05

45

1145 34.00 North Carolina 1992 21.15

1146 34.00 North Carolina 1993 24.12

1147 34.00 North Carolina 1994 28.07

1148 34.00 North Carolina 1995 26.95

1149 34.00 North Carolina 1996 24.69

1150 34.00 North Carolina 1997 12.49

1151 34.00 North Carolina 1998 12.19

1152 34.00 North Carolina 1999 .

1153 34.00 North Carolina 2000 12.67



1156 35.00 North Dakota 1970 .

1157 35.00 North Dakota 1971 .

1158 35.00 North Dakota 1972 .

1159 35.00 North Dakota 1973 .

1160 35.00 North Dakota 1974 .

1161 35.00 North Dakota 1975 14.35

1162 35.00 North Dakota 1976 20.20

1163 35.00 North Dakota 1977 3.88

1164 35.00 North Dakota 1978 11.54

1165 35.00 North Dakota 1979 20.08

1166 35.00 North Dakota 1980 9.04

1167 35.00 North Dakota 1981 20.00

1168 35.00 North Dakota 1982 8.55

1169 35.00 North Dakota 1983 7.11

1170 35.00 North Dakota 1984 6.73

1171 35.00 North Dakota 1985 20.32

1172 35.00 North Dakota 1986 24.94

1173 35.00 North Dakota 1987 18.67

1174 35.00 North Dakota 1988 3.81

1175 35.00 North Dakota 1989 13.70

46

1176 35.00 North Dakota 1990 7.38

1177 35.00 North Dakota 1991 16.33

1178 35.00 North Dakota 1992 10.91

1179 35.00 North Dakota 1993 12.24

1180 35.00 North Dakota 1994 14.71

1181 35.00 North Dakota 1995 11.94

1182 35.00 North Dakota 1996 13.07

1183 35.00 North Dakota 1997 6.08

1184 35.00 North Dakota 1998 7.44

1185 35.00 North Dakota 1999 .

1186 35.00 North Dakota 2000 2.02

1187 35.00 North Dakota 2001 .

1188 35.00 North Dakota 2002 .

1189 36.00 Ohio 1970 .76

1190 36.00 Ohio 1971 2.21

1191 36.00 Ohio 1972 6.52

1192 36.00 Ohio 1973 6.35

1193 36.00 Ohio 1974 7.08

1194 36.00 Ohio 1975 9.63

1195 36.00 Ohio 1976 10.70

1196 36.00 Ohio 1977 14.87

1197 36.00 Ohio 1978 35.63

1198 36.00 Ohio 1979 24.55

1199 36.00 Ohio 1980 20.32

1200 36.00 Ohio 1981 29.06

1201 36.00 Ohio 1982 22.57

1202 36.00 Ohio 1983 23.30

1203 36.00 Ohio 1984 27.17

1204 36.00 Ohio 1985 23.66

1205 36.00 Ohio 1986 18.17

1206 36.00 Ohio 1987 23.05

47

1207 36.00 Ohio 1988 14.71

1208 36.00 Ohio 1989 10.43

1209 36.00 Ohio 1990 12.19

1210 36.00 Ohio 1991 9.99

1211 36.00 Ohio 1992 10.55

1212 36.00 Ohio 1993 14.04

1213 36.00 Ohio 1994 15.03

1214 36.00 Ohio 1995 16.51

1215 36.00 Ohio 1996 13.12

1216 36.00 Ohio 1997 7.53

1217 36.00 Ohio 1998 9.30

1218 36.00 Ohio 1999 .

1219 36.00 Ohio 2000 5.74

1220 36.00 Ohio 2001 .

1221 36.00 Ohio 2002 .

1222 37.00 Oklahoma 1970 1.65

1223 37.00 Oklahoma 1971 .80

1224 37.00 Oklahoma 1972 4.91

1225 37.00 Oklahoma 1973 6.59

1226 37.00 Oklahoma 1974 44.54

1227 37.00 Oklahoma 1975 16.82

1228 37.00 Oklahoma 1976 15.46

1229 37.00 Oklahoma 1977 26.80

1230 37.00 Oklahoma 1978 35.12

1231 37.00 Oklahoma 1979 30.35

1232 37.00 Oklahoma 1980 28.83

1233 37.00 Oklahoma 1981 32.32

1234 37.00 Oklahoma 1982 32.04

1235 37.00 Oklahoma 1983 33.74

1236 37.00 Oklahoma 1984 35.78

1237 37.00 Oklahoma 1985 30.67

48

1238 37.00 Oklahoma 1986 31.96

1239 37.00 Oklahoma 1987 25.53

1240 37.00 Oklahoma 1988 27.13

1241 37.00 Oklahoma 1989 25.67

1242 37.00 Oklahoma 1990 24.57

1243 37.00 Oklahoma 1991 19.63

1244 37.00 Oklahoma 1992 33.58

1245 37.00 Oklahoma 1993 62.19

1246 37.00 Oklahoma 1994 44.15

1247 37.00 Oklahoma 1995 28.76

1248 37.00 Oklahoma 1996 27.43

1249 37.00 Oklahoma 1997 18.80

1250 37.00 Oklahoma 1998 19.10

1251 37.00 Oklahoma 1999 .

1252 37.00 Oklahoma 2000 15.38

1253 37.00 Oklahoma 2001 .

1254 37.00 Oklahoma 2002 .

1255 38.00 Oregon 1970 1.11

1256 38.00 Oregon 1971 2.98

1257 38.00 Oregon 1972 2.16

1258 38.00 Oregon 1973 1.80

1259 38.00 Oregon 1974 .50

1260 38.00 Oregon 1975 9.26

1261 38.00 Oregon 1976 5.60

1262 38.00 Oregon 1977 10.90

1263 38.00 Oregon 1978 36.57

1264 38.00 Oregon 1979 45.47

1265 38.00 Oregon 1980 59.66

1266 38.00 Oregon 1981 45.03

1267 38.00 Oregon 1982 27.15

1268 38.00 Oregon 1983 47.92

49

1269 38.00 Oregon 1984 39.55

1270 38.00 Oregon 1985 32.04

1271 38.00 Oregon 1986 41.99

1272 38.00 Oregon 1987 49.20

1273 38.00 Oregon 1988 44.23

1274 38.00 Oregon 1989 32.03

1275 38.00 Oregon 1990 29.99

1276 38.00 Oregon 1991 25.44

1277 38.00 Oregon 1992 39.00

1278 38.00 Oregon 1993 41.72

1279 38.00 Oregon 1994 32.83

1280 38.00 Oregon 1995 28.16

1281 38.00 Oregon 1996 27.91

1282 38.00 Oregon 1997 19.42

1283 38.00 Oregon 1998 22.77

1284 38.00 Oregon 1999 .

1285 38.00 Oregon 2000 20.54

1286 38.00 Oregon 2001 .

1287 38.00 Oregon 2002 .

1288 39.00 Pennsylvania 1970 53.27

1289 39.00 Pennsylvania 1971 52.49

1290 39.00 Pennsylvania 1972 30.90

1291 39.00 Pennsylvania 1973 35.46

1292 39.00 Pennsylvania 1974 50.21

1293 39.00 Pennsylvania 1975 39.23

1294 39.00 Pennsylvania 1976 43.48

1295 39.00 Pennsylvania 1977 53.70

1296 39.00 Pennsylvania 1978 50.25

1297 39.00 Pennsylvania 1979 60.87

1298 39.00 Pennsylvania 1980 76.55

1299 39.00 Pennsylvania 1981 72.99

50

1300 39.00 Pennsylvania 1982 80.78

1301 39.00 Pennsylvania 1983 87.73

1302 39.00 Pennsylvania 1984 64.30

1303 39.00 Pennsylvania 1985 59.72

1304 39.00 Pennsylvania 1986 69.28

1305 39.00 Pennsylvania 1987 51.10

1306 39.00 Pennsylvania 1988 46.41

1307 39.00 Pennsylvania 1989 42.40

1308 39.00 Pennsylvania 1990 62.18

1309 39.00 Pennsylvania 1991 52.89

1310 39.00 Pennsylvania 1992 60.54

1311 39.00 Pennsylvania 1993 55.22

1312 39.00 Pennsylvania 1994 67.07

1313 39.00 Pennsylvania 1995 60.98

1314 39.00 Pennsylvania 1996 58.77

1315 39.00 Pennsylvania 1997 30.95

1316 39.00 Pennsylvania 1998 26.07

1317 39.00 Pennsylvania 1999 .

1318 39.00 Pennsylvania 2000 20.60



1321 40.00 Rhode Island 1970 2.70

1322 40.00 Rhode Island 1971 7.94

1323 40.00 Rhode Island 1972 26.47

1324 40.00 Rhode Island 1973 39.60

1325 40.00 Rhode Island 1974 16.09

1326 40.00 Rhode Island 1975 28.62

1327 40.00 Rhode Island 1976 36.81

1328 40.00 Rhode Island 1977 338.19

1329 40.00 Rhode Island 1978 169.49

1330 40.00 Rhode Island 1979 89.14

51

1331 40.00 Rhode Island 1980 80.95

1332 40.00 Rhode Island 1981 143.45

1333 40.00 Rhode Island 1982 114.50

1334 40.00 Rhode Island 1983 40.87

1335 40.00 Rhode Island 1984 43.80

1336 40.00 Rhode Island 1985 24.96

1337 40.00 Rhode Island 1986 18.23

1338 40.00 Rhode Island 1987 20.14

1339 40.00 Rhode Island 1988 17.21

1340 40.00 Rhode Island 1989 15.35

1341 40.00 Rhode Island 1990 5.05

1342 40.00 Rhode Island 1991 5.39

1343 40.00 Rhode Island 1992 8.40

1344 40.00 Rhode Island 1993 14.62

1345 40.00 Rhode Island 1994 24.51

1346 40.00 Rhode Island 1995 17.87

1347 40.00 Rhode Island 1996 5.88

1348 40.00 Rhode Island 1997 3.63

1349 40.00 Rhode Island 1998 5.73

1350 40.00 Rhode Island 1999 .

1351 40.00 Rhode Island 2000 3.29

1352 40.00 Rhode Island 2001 .

1353 40.00 Rhode Island 2002 .

1354 41.00 South Carolina 1970 2.17

1355 41.00 South Carolina 1971 2.28

1356 41.00 South Carolina 1972 10.63

1357 41.00 South Carolina 1973 18.06

1358 41.00 South Carolina 1974 9.96

1359 41.00 South Carolina 1975 11.97

1360 41.00 South Carolina 1976 14.31

1361 41.00 South Carolina 1977 19.26

52

1362 41.00 South Carolina 1978 14.67

1363 41.00 South Carolina 1979 10.41

1364 41.00 South Carolina 1980 10.44

1365 41.00 South Carolina 1981 8.47

1366 41.00 South Carolina 1982 7.48

1367 41.00 South Carolina 1983 8.49

1368 41.00 South Carolina 1984 6.97

1369 41.00 South Carolina 1985 13.94

1370 41.00 South Carolina 1986 16.14

1371 41.00 South Carolina 1987 12.56

1372 41.00 South Carolina 1988 9.00

1373 41.00 South Carolina 1989 10.26

1374 41.00 South Carolina 1990 11.27

1375 41.00 South Carolina 1991 12.37

1376 41.00 South Carolina 1992 16.71

1377 41.00 South Carolina 1993 17.48

1378 41.00 South Carolina 1994 25.23

1379 41.00 South Carolina 1995 33.50

1380 41.00 South Carolina 1996 27.39

1381 41.00 South Carolina 1997 21.05

1382 41.00 South Carolina 1998 21.05

1383 41.00 South Carolina 1999 .

1384 41.00 South Carolina 2000 27.02



1387 42.00 South Dakota 1970 .

1388 42.00 South Dakota 1971 .

1389 42.00 South Dakota 1972 5.81

1390 42.00 South Dakota 1973 4.24

1391 42.00 South Dakota 1974 4.00

1392 42.00 South Dakota 1975 7.44

53

1393 42.00 South Dakota 1976 11.47

1394 42.00 South Dakota 1977 5.31

1395 42.00 South Dakota 1978 12.75

1396 42.00 South Dakota 1979 27.87

1397 42.00 South Dakota 1980 47.62

1398 42.00 South Dakota 1981 34.48

1399 42.00 South Dakota 1982 12.59

1400 42.00 South Dakota 1983 22.89

1401 42.00 South Dakota 1984 35.09

1402 42.00 South Dakota 1985 22.03

1403 42.00 South Dakota 1986 34.83

1404 42.00 South Dakota 1987 23.05

1405 42.00 South Dakota 1988 32.04

1406 42.00 South Dakota 1989 12.53

1407 42.00 South Dakota 1990 11.76

1408 42.00 South Dakota 1991 7.91

1409 42.00 South Dakota 1992 15.24

1410 42.00 South Dakota 1993 22.29

1411 42.00 South Dakota 1994 38.64

1412 42.00 South Dakota 1995 29.51

1413 42.00 South Dakota 1996 56.23

1414 42.00 South Dakota 1997 29.92

1415 42.00 South Dakota 1998 20.94

1416 42.00 South Dakota 1999 .

1417 42.00 South Dakota 2000 25.09

1418 42.00 South Dakota 2001 .

1419 42.00 South Dakota 2002 .

1420 43.00 Tennessee 1970 19.89

1421 43.00 Tennessee 1971 32.43

1422 43.00 Tennessee 1972 25.53

1423 43.00 Tennessee 1973 19.40

54

1424 43.00 Tennessee 1974 32.62

1425 43.00 Tennessee 1975 19.02

1426 43.00 Tennessee 1976 16.75

1427 43.00 Tennessee 1977 24.90

1428 43.00 Tennessee 1978 21.54

1429 43.00 Tennessee 1979 26.46

1430 43.00 Tennessee 1980 32.55

1431 43.00 Tennessee 1981 42.05

1432 43.00 Tennessee 1982 51.28

1433 43.00 Tennessee 1983 45.33

1434 43.00 Tennessee 1984 71.95

1435 43.00 Tennessee 1985 101.25

1436 43.00 Tennessee 1986 100.81

1437 43.00 Tennessee 1987 101.53

1438 43.00 Tennessee 1988 113.14

1439 43.00 Tennessee 1989 115.20

1440 43.00 Tennessee 1990 127.24

1441 43.00 Tennessee 1991 93.91

1442 43.00 Tennessee 1992 90.88

1443 43.00 Tennessee 1993 82.73

1444 43.00 Tennessee 1994 88.45

1445 43.00 Tennessee 1995 81.67

1446 43.00 Tennessee 1996 84.56

1447 43.00 Tennessee 1997 51.87

1448 43.00 Tennessee 1998 45.60

1449 43.00 Tennessee 1999 .

1450 43.00 Tennessee 2000 34.63

1451 43.00 Tennessee 2001 .

1452 43.00 Tennessee 2002 .

1453 44.00 Texas 1970 3.84

1454 44.00 Texas 1971 3.25

55

1455 44.00 Texas 1972 8.21

1456 44.00 Texas 1973 13.63

1457 44.00 Texas 1974 19.43

1458 44.00 Texas 1975 24.20

1459 44.00 Texas 1976 32.10

1460 44.00 Texas 1977 26.96

1461 44.00 Texas 1978 26.00

1462 44.00 Texas 1979 28.24

1463 44.00 Texas 1980 26.43

1464 44.00 Texas 1981 35.08

1465 44.00 Texas 1982 31.59

1466 44.00 Texas 1983 31.94

1467 44.00 Texas 1984 32.82

1468 44.00 Texas 1985 34.69

1469 44.00 Texas 1986 34.39

1470 44.00 Texas 1987 29.65

1471 44.00 Texas 1988 32.30

1472 44.00 Texas 1989 30.64

1473 44.00 Texas 1990 26.88

1474 44.00 Texas 1991 30.67

1475 44.00 Texas 1992 34.42

1476 44.00 Texas 1993 40.21

1477 44.00 Texas 1994 37.18

1478 44.00 Texas 1995 27.61

1479 44.00 Texas 1996 33.70

1480 44.00 Texas 1997 28.35

1481 44.00 Texas 1998 19.78

1482 44.00 Texas 1999 .

1483 44.00 Texas 2000 15.96

1484 44.00 Texas 2001 .

1485 44.00 Texas 2002 .

56

1486 45.00 Utah 1970 .

1487 45.00 Utah 1971 13.56

1488 45.00 Utah 1972 32.70

1489 45.00 Utah 1973 17.34

1490 45.00 Utah 1974 1.82

1491 45.00 Utah 1975 16.60

1492 45.00 Utah 1976 18.29

1493 45.00 Utah 1977 1.12

1494 45.00 Utah 1978 9.81

1495 45.00 Utah 1979 25.46

1496 45.00 Utah 1980 80.83

1497 45.00 Utah 1981 96.45

1498 45.00 Utah 1982 39.35

1499 45.00 Utah 1983 55.92

1500 45.00 Utah 1984 24.58

1501 45.00 Utah 1985 22.16

1502 45.00 Utah 1986 58.39

1503 45.00 Utah 1987 89.11

1504 45.00 Utah 1988 87.99

1505 45.00 Utah 1989 59.19

1506 45.00 Utah 1990 56.23

1507 45.00 Utah 1991 61.92

1508 45.00 Utah 1992 66.94

1509 45.00 Utah 1993 63.36

1510 45.00 Utah 1994 58.37

1511 45.00 Utah 1995 41.41

1512 45.00 Utah 1996 18.64

1513 45.00 Utah 1997 14.61

1514 45.00 Utah 1998 6.25

1515 45.00 Utah 1999 .

1516 45.00 Utah 2000 8.71

57

1517 45.00 Utah 2001 .

1518 45.00 Utah 2002 .

1519 46.00 Vermont 1970 24.69

1520 46.00 Vermont 1971 18.87

1521 46.00 Vermont 1972 86.33

1522 46.00 Vermont 1973 5.32

1523 46.00 Vermont 1974 20.66

1524 46.00 Vermont 1975 73.60

1525 46.00 Vermont 1976 7.11

1526 46.00 Vermont 1977 40.87

1527 46.00 Vermont 1978 67.63

1528 46.00 Vermont 1979 49.38

1529 46.00 Vermont 1980 27.78

1530 46.00 Vermont 1981 87.48

1531 46.00 Vermont 1982 31.09

1532 46.00 Vermont 1983 37.38

1533 46.00 Vermont 1984 65.17

1534 46.00 Vermont 1985 13.82

1535 46.00 Vermont 1986 36.34

1536 46.00 Vermont 1987 47.04

1537 46.00 Vermont 1988 33.77

1538 46.00 Vermont 1989 54.55

1539 46.00 Vermont 1990 31.25

1540 46.00 Vermont 1991 15.63

1541 46.00 Vermont 1992 15.69

1542 46.00 Vermont 1993 29.46

1543 46.00 Vermont 1994 31.57

1544 46.00 Vermont 1995 27.31

1545 46.00 Vermont 1996 24.13

1546 46.00 Vermont 1997 16.54

1547 46.00 Vermont 1998 20.16

58

1548 46.00 Vermont 1999 .

1549 46.00 Vermont 2000 29.75

1550 46.00 Vermont 2001 .

1551 46.00 Vermont 2002 .

1552 47.00 Virginia 1970 33.35

1553 47.00 Virginia 1971 34.33

1554 47.00 Virginia 1972 43.07

1555 47.00 Virginia 1973 56.86

1556 47.00 Virginia 1974 91.61

1557 47.00 Virginia 1975 72.88

1558 47.00 Virginia 1976 105.98

1559 47.00 Virginia 1977 103.54

1560 47.00 Virginia 1978 149.17

1561 47.00 Virginia 1979 170.57

1562 47.00 Virginia 1980 193.01

1563 47.00 Virginia 1981 226.69

1564 47.00 Virginia 1982 177.05

1565 47.00 Virginia 1983 99.11

1566 47.00 Virginia 1984 107.91

1567 47.00 Virginia 1985 86.44

1568 47.00 Virginia 1986 87.84

1569 47.00 Virginia 1987 79.50

1570 47.00 Virginia 1988 81.41

1571 47.00 Virginia 1989 83.80

1572 47.00 Virginia 1990 74.12

1573 47.00 Virginia 1991 57.12

1574 47.00 Virginia 1992 80.37

1575 47.00 Virginia 1993 75.86

1576 47.00 Virginia 1994 78.12

1577 47.00 Virginia 1995 89.70

1578 47.00 Virginia 1996 71.10

59

1579 47.00 Virginia 1997 45.02

1580 47.00 Virginia 1998 37.55

1581 47.00 Virginia 1999 .

1582 47.00 Virginia 2000 37.44

1583 47.00 Virginia 2001 .

1584 47.00 Virginia 2002 .

1585 48.00 Washington 1970 5.59

1586 48.00 Washington 1971 10.06

1587 48.00 Washington 1972 5.75

1588 48.00 Washington 1973 7.60

1589 48.00 Washington 1974 3.68

1590 48.00 Washington 1975 6.06

1591 48.00 Washington 1976 10.57

1592 48.00 Washington 1977 15.65

1593 48.00 Washington 1978 11.70

1594 48.00 Washington 1979 18.14

1595 48.00 Washington 1980 36.16

1596 48.00 Washington 1981 64.41

1597 48.00 Washington 1982 59.38

1598 48.00 Washington 1983 58.73

1599 48.00 Washington 1984 45.88

1600 48.00 Washington 1985 34.48

1601 48.00 Washington 1986 57.56

1602 48.00 Washington 1987 53.81

1603 48.00 Washington 1988 43.45

1604 48.00 Washington 1989 48.97

1605 48.00 Washington 1990 35.35

1606 48.00 Washington 1991 30.64

1607 48.00 Washington 1992 30.56

1608 48.00 Washington 1993 33.46

1609 48.00 Washington 1994 26.18

60

1610 48.00 Washington 1995 40.24

1611 48.00 Washington 1996 65.22

1612 48.00 Washington 1997 17.09

1613 48.00 Washington 1998 17.34

1614 48.00 Washington 1999 .

1615 48.00 Washington 2000 19.00

1616 48.00 Washington 2001 .

1617 48.00 Washington 2002 .

1618 49.00 West Virginia 1970 3.20

1619 49.00 West Virginia 1971 .94

1620 49.00 West Virginia 1972 8.51

1621 49.00 West Virginia 1973 5.52

1622 49.00 West Virginia 1974 63.70

1623 49.00 West Virginia 1975 73.98

1624 49.00 West Virginia 1976 69.71

1625 49.00 West Virginia 1977 120.80

1626 49.00 West Virginia 1978 82.46

1627 49.00 West Virginia 1979 102.32

1628 49.00 West Virginia 1980 212.41

1629 49.00 West Virginia 1981 139.30

1630 49.00 West Virginia 1982 99.55

1631 49.00 West Virginia 1983 74.99

1632 49.00 West Virginia 1984 70.36

1633 49.00 West Virginia 1985 99.20

1634 49.00 West Virginia 1986 80.77

1635 49.00 West Virginia 1987 79.89

1636 49.00 West Virginia 1988 99.19

1637 49.00 West Virginia 1989 104.26

1638 49.00 West Virginia 1990 119.49

1639 49.00 West Virginia 1991 99.17

1640 49.00 West Virginia 1992 71.68

61

1641 49.00 West Virginia 1993 82.55

1642 49.00 West Virginia 1994 84.46

1643 49.00 West Virginia 1995 67.28

1644 49.00 West Virginia 1996 85.49

1645 49.00 West Virginia 1997 72.59

1646 49.00 West Virginia 1998 39.26

1647 49.00 West Virginia 1999 .

1648 49.00 West Virginia 2000 40.42

1649 49.00 West Virginia 2001 .

1650 49.00 West Virginia 2002 .

1651 50.00 Wisconsin 1970 8.07

1652 50.00 Wisconsin 1971 43.32

1653 50.00 Wisconsin 1972 112.97

1654 50.00 Wisconsin 1973 109.46

1655 50.00 Wisconsin 1974 66.10

1656 50.00 Wisconsin 1975 78.54

1657 50.00 Wisconsin 1976 73.36

1658 50.00 Wisconsin 1977 32.27

1659 50.00 Wisconsin 1978 31.18

1660 50.00 Wisconsin 1979 57.93

1661 50.00 Wisconsin 1980 53.59

1662 50.00 Wisconsin 1981 66.84

1663 50.00 Wisconsin 1982 59.90

1664 50.00 Wisconsin 1983 52.30

1665 50.00 Wisconsin 1984 37.98

1666 50.00 Wisconsin 1985 31.85

1667 50.00 Wisconsin 1986 36.73

1668 50.00 Wisconsin 1987 57.98

1669 50.00 Wisconsin 1988 68.68

1670 50.00 Wisconsin 1989 83.22

1671 50.00 Wisconsin 1990 56.02

62

1672 50.00 Wisconsin 1991 48.40

1673 50.00 Wisconsin 1992 57.99

1674 50.00 Wisconsin 1993 66.96

1675 50.00 Wisconsin 1994 63.06

1676 50.00 Wisconsin 1995 48.49

1677 50.00 Wisconsin 1996 41.50

1678 50.00 Wisconsin 1997 15.69

1679 50.00 Wisconsin 1998 19.85

1680 50.00 Wisconsin 1999 .

1681 50.00 Wisconsin 2000 14.63

1682 50.00 Wisconsin 2001 .

1683 50.00 Wisconsin 2002 .

1684 51.00 Wyoming 1970 .

1685 51.00 Wyoming 1971 19.01

1686 51.00 Wyoming 1972 34.35

1687 51.00 Wyoming 1973 7.19

1688 51.00 Wyoming 1974 29.74

1689 51.00 Wyoming 1975 35.83

1690 51.00 Wyoming 1976 79.41

1691 51.00 Wyoming 1977 92.50

1692 51.00 Wyoming 1978 43.98

1693 51.00 Wyoming 1979 144.65

1694 51.00 Wyoming 1980 116.33

1695 51.00 Wyoming 1981 21.31

1696 51.00 Wyoming 1982 32.16

1697 51.00 Wyoming 1983 69.02

1698 51.00 Wyoming 1984 42.49

1699 51.00 Wyoming 1985 66.12

1700 51.00 Wyoming 1986 41.81

1701 51.00 Wyoming 1987 18.56

1702 51.00 Wyoming 1988 12.70

63

1703 51.00 Wyoming 1989 12.67

1704 51.00 Wyoming 1990 10.81

1705 51.00 Wyoming 1991 10.01

1706 51.00 Wyoming 1992 39.47

1707 51.00 Wyoming 1993 68.06

1708 51.00 Wyoming 1994 37.56

1709 51.00 Wyoming 1995 45.60

1710 51.00 Wyoming 1996 26.38

1711 51.00 Wyoming 1997 19.75

1712 51.00 Wyoming 1998 25.84

1713 51.00 Wyoming 1999 .

1714 51.00 Wyoming 2000 6.40

1715 51.00 Wyoming 2001 .

1716 51.00 Wyoming 2002 .

1717 52.00 1971 .

1718 52.00 1972 .

1719 52.00 1973 .

1720 52.00 1974 .

1721 52.00 1975 .

1722 52.00 1976 .

1723 52.00 1977 .

1724 52.00 1978 .

1725 52.00 1979 .

1726 52.00 1980 .

1727 52.00 1981 .

1728 52.00 1982 .

1729 52.00 1983 .

1730 52.00 1984 .

1731 52.00 1985 .

1732 52.00 1986 .

1733 52.00 1987 .

64

1734 52.00 1988 .

1735 52.00 1989 .

1736 52.00 1990 .

1737 52.00 1991 .

1738 52.00 1992 .

1739 52.00 1993 .

1740 52.00 1994 .

1741 52.00 1995 .

1742 52.00 1996 .

1743 52.00 1997 .

1744 52.00 1998 .

1745 52.00 1999 .

1746 52.00 2000 .

1747 52.00 2001 .

Total N 1747 1747 1747 1545

SET TVARS = labels.SET TNUMBERS = labels.

*** To look at this most easily, export into excel*** Prepare for export:

RENAME VARIABLE stpri_rt = rt.

SORT CASES BY state year .CASESTOVARS /ID = state /INDEX = year.

Cases to Variables Generated Variables

Original Variable yearResult

Name Label

Filing rate, state prisoners 1970 RT.1970 RT.1970: Filing rate, state prisoners

65

1971 RT.1971 RT.1971: Filing rate, state prisoners































66


Processing Statistics

Cases In 1747

Cases Out 53

Cases In/Cases Out 33.0

Variables In 4

Variables Out 35

Index Values 33

SAVE OUTFILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\prison filing rates.sav' /COMPRESSED.

*** The excel chart is at D:\TechnicalAppendix\state prisoner filing rates.xls.

*3. note 87: State-by-state and year-by-year prison population.* See A.3, supra.

*4. note 127: Correlation between success rates at trial and pretrial,* 2000 terminations by case category

*** FN 127: Note, however, that Ted Eisenberg argues that case categories*** in the federal docket demonstrate a strong correlation between non-trial*** success rates and success rates at trial. Eisenberg’s results suggest that*** while there is no necessary theoretical connection between results at trial*** and a docket’s underlying merits, the two nonetheless tend to move in tandem.*** See Eisenberg, Plaintiff Success Rates, supra note 15, at 113–14; Theodore*** Eisenberg, Negotiation, Lawyering, and Adjudication: Kritzer on Brokers and*** Deals, 19 L. & SOC. INQUIRY 275, 292–99 (1994). I have essentially replicated*** Eisenberg’s results using federal district court cases terminated in fiscal year*** 2000, finding a highly significant correlation between non-trial and trial*** success rates, though I use a classification protocol somewhat different from*** Eisenberg’s. (For my results, see Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3).

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\2000all.sav'.

*** CREATE SUMMARY VARIABLE FOR NON-TRIAL SUCCESS AND SUCCESS AT TRIAL

RECODE outctot (1=0) (2,6,7=1) into nontrial.RECODE outctot (8, 13, 14=0) (9, 11, 15 = 1) into trial.

67

*** AGGREGATE BY "Nature of suit"

AGGREGATE /OUTFILE='D:\temp\AGGR.SAV' /BREAK=nos /nontrial = NU(nontrial) /trial = NU(trial) /nontri_p = SUM(nontrial) /trial_p = SUM(trial).

GET FILE='D:\temp\AGGR.SAV'.

NUMERIC trial_pr notri_pr (F8.4).

COMPUTE trial_pr = trial_p/trial.COMPUTE notri_pr = nontri_p/nontrial.

VARIABLE LABLES trial_pr "Plaintiffs' trial win rate"notri_pr "Plaintiffs' success without trial"

.

CORRELATIONS /VARIABLES=trial_pr notri_pr /PRINT=TWOTAIL NOSIG /MISSING=PAIRWISE .>Command line: 1579 Current case: 8 Current splitfile group: 1

>Command line: 1579 Current case: 16 Current splitfile group: 1









Correlations

68

Warnings

A division by zero has been attempted on the indicated command. The result has been set to the system-missing value.










The limit of MXWARNS warnings in this data pass has been printed. Further warnings have been suppressed.

Correlations

Plaintiffs' trial win rate

Plaintiffs' success without trial

Plaintiffs' trial win rate

Pearson Correlation 1 .417(**)

Sig. (2-tailed) . .000

N 72 72

Plaintiffs' success without trial

Pearson Correlation .417(**) 1

Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .

N 72 88

** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

69

*5. note 135: More on the relation between compensatory and punitive damages,* inmate cases terminated in 1993

*** FN 135: If the spread of the data is reduced by using the natural logarithms,*** visual inspection seems to indicate at least some relationship between the*** size of compensatory awards and the size of punitive awards. After the log*** transformations, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient is 0.83, with an*** extremely high degree of significance (p < 0.001). However, if no log*** transformation is performed, the degree of correlation as well as its*** significance is less: the coefficient is reduced to 0.36, and the p-value*** increases to 0.09. If the several cases with punitive awards and one-dollar*** compensatory awards are excluded, the log-transformed results do not change*** importantly — the coefficient, now 0.731, remains highly significant. Leaving*** out the one-dollar cases makes the untransformed results insignificant.

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\1993auditpost.sav'.

FILTER OFF.USE ALL.SELECT IF(amt.cor > 0 & disp.cor ~=5 & disp.cor ~=13 & V25 > 0).EXECUTE .

COMPUTE pun.use = punitive.IF punitive < 0 pun.use = 0.COMPUTE comp = amt.cor - pun.use.EXECUTE .

VARIABLE LABELS pun.use "Punitive award"amt.cor "Total award"comp "Compensatory award"

.

MISSING VALUE pun.use(0).

compute compln = ln(comp).compute punln = ln(pun.use).

VARIABLE LABELScompln "natural log compensatory"punln "natural log punitive".

*** CORRELATIONS WITH ALL VALUES

CORRELATIONS70

/VARIABLES=comp pun.use /PRINT=TWOTAIL NOSIG /MISSING=PAIRWISE .

Correlations Correlations

Compensatory award Punitive award

Compensatory award

Pearson Correlation 1 .364


N 100 22

Punitive award

Pearson Correlation .364 1


N 22 22

CORRELATIONS /VARIABLES=compln punln /PRINT=TWOTAIL NOSIG /MISSING=PAIRWISE .


natural log compensatory natural log punitive

natural log compensatory



N 100 22

natural log punitive

Pearson Correlation .830(**) 1


N 22 22


71

*** CORRELATIONS WITHOUT THE $1 or $0 compensatory awards

missing values comp (1) pun.use (0).

CORRELATIONS /VARIABLES=comp pun.use /PRINT=TWOTAIL NOSIG /MISSING=PAIRWISE .


Compensatory award Punitive award

Compensatory award

Pearson Correlation 1 .255


N 84 16

Punitive award

Pearson Correlation .255 1


N 16 22

CORRELATIONS /VARIABLES=compln punln /PRINT=TWOTAIL NOSIG /MISSING=PAIRWISE .


natural log compensatory natural log punitive

natural log compensatory



N 100 22

natural log punitive Pearson Correlation .830(**) 1

72


N 22 22


*** NOTE: There is a typo in the coefficient in the article: it should be .791, not .731.

*6. notes 155, 157, 169, 207: Counseled rates in inmate cases terminated 2000.* Notes 155 & 157 (rates by district, and audit);* note 169 (relation of counseled rate to total caseload by district,* inmate case proportion);* note 207 (trial case counseled rate)


*** PRO SE SUMMARY

NUMERIC prosesum (F1.0).COMPUTE prosesum = 0.

RECODE prose (2=0) (3=1) (ELSE=Copy) INTO Prosesum .VARIABLE LABELS Prosesum 'Pro se status summary'.IF jurisd = 1 prosesum = 0.IF jurisd = 1 & (prose = 2 | prose = 3) prosesum = 1.IF jurisd = 2 & prose = 2 prosesum = 0.

VALUE LABELSprosesum -9 "data not collected this tapeyear (1970-97) (-9)"

-8 "missing (-8)"0 "Counseled plaintiff (0)"1 "Pro se plaintiff (1)"

.

VARIABLE LABEL outsum "Outcome summary".

*** FN 207: In 2000, the first year with reliable data on the presence of counsel,*** see supra note 152, eighty-five percent of inmate cases terminated by a trial*** verdict were litigated pro se. See Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3.

USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(nos = 550 | nos = 555).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ 'nos = 550 | nos = 555 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).

73

FILTER BY filter_$.

CROSSTABS /TABLES=outsum BY prosesum /FORMAT= AVALUE TABLES /CELLS= ROW.


Cases

Valid Missing Total


Outcome summary * Pro se status summary 25176 100.0% 0 .0% 25176 100.0%

Outcome summary * Pro se status summary Crosstabulation % within Outcome summary

Pro se status summary

Totalmissing (-8)

Counseled plaintiff (0)

Pro se plaintiff (1)

Outcome summary

Nonjudgment disposition (0) 3.4% 96.6% 100.0%

Pretrial dismissal (1) .2% 3.1% 96.7% 100.0%

Voluntary dismissal (2) 5.6% 94.4% 100.0%

Settled (3) 19.3% 80.7% 100.0%

Trial (4) 15.0% 85.0% 100.0%

Other (5) 10.0% 90.0% 100.0%

Total .2% 4.2% 95.6% 100.0%

*** FNS 155, 157, 169:*** FN 169 needs an aggregate, and the others are more easily done this way as well

FILTER OFF.USE ALL.

NUMERIC prosem inmate inmate_a inmate_p inmate_m (F1.0).

74

COMPUTE prosem = 0.IF prosesum = -8 prosem = 1.

RECODE prosesum (-8 = SYSMIS).

COMPUTE inmate = 0.COMPUTE inmate_a = 0.COMPUTE inmate_p = 0.COMPUTE inmate_m = 0.IF nos = 550 | nos = 555 inmate = 1.IF nos >= 500 & nos < 600 inmate_a = 1.IF inmate = 1 & prosesum = 1 inmate_p = 1.IF inmate = 1 & prosem = 1 inmate_m = 1.

Variable labels prosem "Pro se code missing"inmate "Inmate civil rights case"inmate_a "Inmate case (includes habeas)"inmate_p "Pro se inmate civil rights case"inmate_m "Inmate civil rights case missing pro se data".

AGGREGATE /OUTFILE='D:/aggr.sav' /BREAK=distnum /prose_y = SUM(prosesum) /prosem = SUM(prosem) /inmate = SUM(inmate) /inmate_a = SUM(inmate_a) /inmate_p = SUM(inmate_p) /inmate_m = SUM(inmate_m) /prose_yn = NU(prosesum) /cases = NU(inmate) .

GET FILE='D:\AGGR.SAV'.

Variable labels prosem "Pro se code missing"inmate "Inmate civil rights cases"inmate_a "Inmate case (includes habeas)"inmate_p "Pro se inmate civil rights case"inmate_m "Inmate civil rights case missing pro se data"prose_y "Pro se plaintiff"prose_yn "Pro se code non-missing"cases "All cases"

.

APPLY DICTIONARY FROM 'D:\TechnicalAppendix\2000all.sav'/SOURCE VARIABLES = distnum/TARGET VARIABLES = distnum .

Apply Dictionary

75

COMPUTE p_im_rt = inmate_p/inmate.COMPUTE m_im_rt = inmate_m/inmate.COMPUTE c_im_rt = 1-p_im_rt - m_im_rt.COMPUTE im_rt = inmate/cases.COMPUTE im_a_rt = inmate_a/cases.

VARIABLE LABELS p_im_rt "Pro se rate, inmate civil rights cases"m_im_rt "Missing pro se rate, inmate civil rights cases"c_im_rt "Counseled rate, inmate civil rights cases"im_rt "Inmate civil rights proportion of entire docket"im_a_rt "All inmate cases (including habeas) proportion of docket".

SORT CASES BY c_im_rt.

>Warning # 511>A division by zero has been attempted on the indicated command. The result>has been set to the system-missing value.








FILTER OFF.USE ALL.SELECT IF(distnum < 93).EXECUTE .

RANK76

VARIABLES=c_im_rt (A) /RANK /PERCENT /PRINT=NO /TIES=LOW .

RENAME VARIABLES (rc_im_rt = c_rank) (pc_im_rt = c_perc).

VARIABLE LABELS c_rank "inmate civil rights cases, counseled rate, district rank"c_perc "inmate civil rights cases, counseled rate, district rank by percent"

.

FORMATS c_rank (F3.0) inmate(F6.0).

*** TEXT: As Table II.D sets out, inmate civil rights plaintiffs are coded*** in the Administrative Office dataset as unrepresented by counsel in over*** ninety-five percent of their cases terminated in 2000. [SEE TABLE II.D]*** The counseled rates in the inmate docket varied a good deal by district,*** from zero to twelve percent.155

*** FN 155: Districts varied pretty evenly from a counseled rate of 0–1%*** (in the bottom 15% of districts) to 10–12% (near the top of the range).*** The top seven districts had purported counseled rates that were*** discontinuous with the rest of the distribution, ranging from 17.5% to*** 100%. A partial audit of docket sheets from these districts indicated*** that these outlying rates were at least in large part erroneously reported,*** but because only a few cases are affected, I have left them in the table in*** the text. Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3.

*** FN 157: In their study of civil rights cases terminated in sixteen*** districts in 1992, Hanson and Daley report rates similar to the ones*** I found in 2000 — four percent overall. See HANSON & DALEY, REPORT ON*** SECTION 1983 LITIGATION, supra note 14, at 21. But the districts in*** Hanson and Daley's study currently show a significantly lower rate of*** representation — just three percent. See Schlanger, Technical Appendix,*** supra note 3. Similarly, though far more removed in time, Schwab and*** Eisenberg's data from docket reviews of inmate cases filed in the*** Central District of California, the Eastern District of Pennsylvania,*** and the Northern District of Georgia in fiscal year 1981 demonstrate a*** very steep fall-off in the counseled rate. Schwab and Eisenberg reported*** a counseled rate of 8.2%, 32.4%, and 11.3%, respectively. Schwab &*** Eisenberg, Explaining Constitutional Tort Litigation, supra note 15,*** at 773 tbl.XI. The rates in the same districts in cases terminated in*** 2000 were 1.9%, 1.5%, and 1.7%. Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3.*** The scarce data that exist, then, support the hypothesis that counseled rates*** have declined over time.

TEMPORARY.VARIABLE LABLE distnum "District".

77

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=distnum inmate c_im_rt c_rank c_perc /FORMAT=LIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT .


Cases



District 92 100.0% 0 .0% 92 100.0%

Inmate civil rights cases 92 100.0% 0 .0% 92 100.0%

Counseled rate, inmate civil rights cases 92 100.0% 0 .0% 92 100.0%

inmate civil rights cases, counseled rate, district rank 92 100.0% 0 .0% 92 100.0%

inmate civil rights cases, counseled rate, district rank by percent 92 100.0% 0 .0% 92 100.0%

Case Summaries

District

Inmate civil

rights cases

Counseled rate, inmate civil rights

cases

inmate civil rights cases,

counseled rate, district rank

inmate civil rights cases, counseled

rate, district rank by percent

1 D Vt (10) 27 .00 1 1.09

2 MD NC (18) 120 .00 1 1.09

3 WD Va(23) 466 .00 1 1.09

4 D ND (68) 4 .00 1 1.09

5 WD Okla (87) 235 .00 1 1.09

6 ND Fla (29) 414 .00 6 6.52

7 MD Ga (3G/3.4) 383 .01 7 7.61

8 D Del (11) 177 .01 8 8.70

78

9 SD Tex (41) 869 .01 9 9.78

10 ED Ky (43) 170 .01 10 10.87

11 ED Va (22) 755 .01 11 11.96

12 ED Tex (40) 682 .01 12 13.04

13 ED Wash (80) 112 .01 13 14.13

14 WD Ark (61) 102 .01 14 15.22

15 D SC (20) 686 .01 15 16.30

16 ND Tex (39) 834 .01 16 17.39

17 SD Miss (38) 360 .01 17 18.48

18 ED Okla (86) 90 .01 17 18.48

19 WD La (36) 378 .01 19 20.65

20 D NH (02) 72 .01 20 21.74

21 MD Fla (3A/3.1) 729 .02 21 22.83

22 ED Penn (13) 458 .02 22 23.91

23 ND Ga (3E/3.3) 596 .02 23 25.00

24 ED Wisc (57) 116 .02 24 26.09

25 SD Cal (74) 288 .02 25 27.17

26 ED Cal (72) 1085 .02 26 28.26

27 ND Ill (52) 391 .02 27 29.35

28 ND Ala (26) 388 .02 28 30.43

29 CD Cal (73) 631 .02 29 31.52

30 WD Ky (44) 210 .02 30 32.61

31 ND Miss (37) 255 .02 31 33.70

32 ED Ark (60) 499 .02 32 34.78

33 D Ariz (70) 594 .02 33 35.87

34 NDNY (06) 512 .02 34 36.96

35 D Kan (83) 169 .02 35 38.04

36 WD NC(19) 84 .02 36 39.13

37 SD Ind (56) 190 .03 37 40.22

38 WD Tenn (51) 217 .03 38 41.30

39 SD Ala (28) 102 .03 39 42.39

79

40 MD Penn (14) 399 .03 40 43.48

41 D DC (90) 395 .03 41 44.57

42 SD Ga (3J/3.5) 263 .03 42 45.65

43 D Md (16) 448 .03 43 46.74

44 WD Wash (81) 222 .03 44 47.83

45 MD Tenn (50) 242 .03 45 48.91

46 SD NY (08) 664 .03 46 50.00

47 D NM (84) 86 .03 47 51.09

48 D Ore (79) 199 .04 48 52.17

49 SD Fla (3C/3.2) 334 .04 49 53.26

50 WD Penn (15) 304 .04 50 54.35

51 SD Ill (54) 216 .04 51 55.43

52 MD Ala (27) 296 .04 52 56.52

53 ND Cal (71) 569 .04 53 57.61

54 ED NC (17) 206 .04 54 58.70

55 ED Mich (45) 193 .04 55 59.78

56 D Col (82) 313 .04 56 60.87

57 D NJ (12) 471 .04 57 61.96

58 ND Okla (85) 46 .04 58 63.04

59 MD La (3N/3.7) 250 .04 59 64.13

60 D Wyo (89) 22 .05 60 65.22

61 SD Ohio (48) 147 .05 61 66.30

62 ED Mo (65) 203 .05 62 67.39

63 WD Tex (42) 396 .05 63 68.48

64 ED Tenn (49) 198 .05 63 68.48

65 WD NY (09) 177 .05 65 70.65

66 WD Mo (66) 322 .05 66 71.74

67 D Maine (00) 37 .05 67 72.83

68 ED NY (07) 181 .06 68 73.91

69 ND Ohio (47) 215 .06 69 75.00

70 D Utah (88) 52 .06 70 76.09

80

71 WD Mich (46) 271 .06 71 77.17

72 D Minn (64) 49 .06 72 78.26

73 CD Ill (53) 187 .07 73 79.35

74 SD WVa (25) 88 .08 74 80.43

75 D Neb (67) 83 .08 75 81.52

76 D SD (69) 70 .09 76 82.61

77 D Ida (76) 58 .09 77 83.70

78 D PR (04) 46 .09 78 84.78

79 ND Ind (55) 237 .09 79 85.87

80 D Conn (05) 321 .09 80 86.96

81 D RI (03) 20 .10 81 88.04

82 D Mass (01) 79 .10 82 89.13

83 ND Iowa (62) 65 .11 83 90.22

84 ED La (3L/3.6) 290 .11 84 91.30

85 D Haw (75) 42 .12 85 92.39

86 ND WVa (24) 63 .17 86 93.48

87 D Mont (77) 52 .21 87 94.57

88 SD Iowa (63) 195 .38 88 95.65

89 D Nev (78) 313 .51 89 96.74

90 D Ala (7-/7.8) 13 1.00 90 97.83

91 WD Wisc (58) 117 1.00 90 97.83

92 D VI (91) 1 1.00 90 97.83

Total N 92 92 92 92 92

*** FN 169: More generally, while the Administrative Office pro se variable*** distinguishes only between counseled and uncounseled plaintiffs and does*** not code whether counsel was appointed or not, it is interesting to note*** that the overall rate of representation by district in inmate civil rights*** cases, in 2000 at least, decreased as both the number of total cases*** terminated and the inmate proportion of those cases increased. Schlanger,*** Technical Appendix, supra note 3.

*** SEE THE FIRST LINE OF THE OUTPUT THAT FOLLOWS. NOTE THAT THE RESULTS ARE NOT*** ALL HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT.

81

CORRELATIONS /VARIABLES=c_im_rt inmate cases im_rt /PRINT=TWOTAIL NOSIG /MISSING=PAIRWISE .


Counseled rate, inmate civil rights

cases

Inmate civil rights cases

All cases

Inmate civil rights proportion of entire

docket

Counseled rate, inmate civil rights cases

Pearson Correlation 1 -.259(*) -.209(*) -.168

Sig. (2-tailed) . .013 .045 .109

N 92 92 92 92

Inmate civil rights cases

Pearson Correlation -.259(*) 1 .642(**) .469(**)

Sig. (2-tailed) .013 . .000 .000

N 92 92 92 92

All cases

Pearson Correlation -.209(*) .642(**) 1 -.194

Sig. (2-tailed) .045 .000 . .064

N 92 92 92 92

Inmate civil rights proportion of entire docket

Pearson Correlation -.168 .469(**) -.194 1

Sig. (2-tailed) .109 .000 .064 .

N 92 92 92 92

* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).


*7. Text accompanying note 211: Outcomes in inmate civil rights cases, 1993 terminations

*** TEXT: Of course, there are also settlements. Because these are far more numerous*** — in 1993, there were about 1950 judgments coded as settlements and another*** 2350 coded as voluntary dismissals — they certainly add up to far more money.

82

*** FN 302: . . . [I]n 1993[,] some 1950 [inmate cases] settled and another*** 2350 were voluntarily dismissed.

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\InmateCases1970_2001.sav'.

USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(nos2 = 1 & trfiscal = 1993 & seqsum3 = 1).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ nos2 = 1 & trfiscal = 1993 & seqsum3 = 1 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

VARIABLE LABEL outsum "Outcome summary".

CROSSTABS /TABLES=outsum BY trfiscal /FORMAT= AVALUE TABLES /CELLS= COUNT .


Cases

Valid Missing Total


Outcome summary * fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW) 30825 100.0% 0 .0% 30825 100.0%

Outcome summary * fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW) Crosstabulation Count

fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW)

Total1993

Outcome summary

Nonjudgment disposition (0) 1489 1489

Pretrial dismissal (1) 23808 23808

Voluntary dismissal (2) 2364 2364

Settled (3) 1968 1968

83

Trial (4) 807 807

Other (5) 389 389

Total 30825 30825

*8. note 217: Weighted inmate filings in 1995, 2000

*** SEE TABLE I.A: Multiply non-federal defendant cases by .28;*** federal defendant cases by .48

*9. notes 279 & 281 and accompanying text: Habeas trends by year and by month

*** It’s certainly true that, for both state and federal prisoners,*** federal habeas actions have increased enormously from mid-1996 on.*** The number of habeas petitions filed in federal district*** court by state inmates has grown by fifty percent (from about*** 12,800 in 1995 to 19,100 in 2001), even though the state prison population*** has increased by only twenty percent over the same time period.*** Federal inmates’ habeas filings under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 have more than*** doubled. [FN 279]

*** FN 279: Prior to 2001, however, federal inmates’ motions to vacate sentence*** under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 did not increase in number except for a very large*** filings spike in April 1997, discussed infra note 281.

*** FN 281: For example, it stands to reason that the “use it or lose it” rule*** in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA), under which*** § 2254 habeas petitions by state inmates, and their federal-inmate analogues,*** § 2255 motions to vacate sentence, must be filed within one year of conviction,*** see 28 U.S.C. §§ 2244(d)(1), 2255 (Supp. V 2000), would encourage filings that*** under the prior regime would never have been made. Inmates who find themselves*** facing a deadline may simply be unwilling to forgo forever their one chance*** for collateral review. Indeed, this effect seems likely to be some part of*** the cause of a transitional spike observed in habeas filings by state inmates*** and motions to vacate sentence by federal inmates, after courts “grandfathered”*** in the AEDPA deadline by setting it at one year after the statute’s effective*** date for cases concluded prior to passage — that is, in April 1997. See, e.g.,*** United States v. Cicero, 214 F. 3d 199, 202 (D.C. Cir. 2000) (citing unanimous*** precedent on this point). That month saw over 3700 habeas filings by state inmates,*** about triple the typical monthly filing rate. The effect was even more marked in*** federal motions to vacate sentence — well over 4000 were filed, about seven times*** the typical monthly filing rate. Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3.*** Confidence in the existence of a “use-it-or-lose-it” effect is undercut, however,*** by the fact that an increase in AEDPA-regulated filings has materialized only*** on the state side — although habeas petitions by state inmates skyrocketed,*** motions by federal inmates to vacate sentence did not. Id.

*** HABEAS TRENDS84


COMPUTE omo = XDATE.MONTH(origfi).COMPUTE oyear = XDATE.YEAR(origfi).COMPUTE origmo = DATE.MOYR(omo,oyear).FORMATS origmo(MOYR8).

USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(seqsum = 0 & origfy > 1994 & origfy < 1999).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ 'seqsum = 0 & origfy > 1994 & origfy < 1999 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

CROSSTABS /TABLES=origmo BY nos BY ussum /FORMAT= AVALUE TABLES /CELLS= COUNT .


Cases

Valid Missing Total


ORIGMO * Nature Of Suit * US party status total (AO and me) (NEW) 231393 100.0% 0 .0% 231393 100.0%

ORIGMO * Nature Of Suit * US party status total (AO and me) (NEW) Crosstabulation Count

US party status total (AO and me) (NEW)

Nature Of Suit

TotalVacate Sentence

(510)

Habeas Corpus (530)

Habeas Corpus-Death

Penalty (535)

Mandamus and Other:

Prisoner (540)

Civil Rights:Prisoner

(550)

Prison Conds (555)

non-federal

ORIGMO OCT 1994

860 10 25 3022 0 3917

85

parties -- all (0)

NOV 1994 933 9 23 2953 0 3918

DEC 1994 856 11 24 2962 0 3853

JAN 1995 975 13 30 3132 0 4150

FEB 1995 882 8 31 2800 0 3721

MAR 1995 1114 9 35 3285 0 4443

APR 1995 1056 17 28 2891 0 3992

MAY 1995 1139 12 17 3263 0 4431

JUN 1995 1122 13 27 3373 1 4536

JUL 1995 1027 13 20 3005 0 4065

AUG 1995 1096 13 21 3713 0 4843

SEP 1995 989 24 27 3260 0 4300

OCT 1995 1108 15 27 3406 0 4556

NOV 1995 999 25 30 2916 0 3970

DEC 1995 962 15 23 2963 0 3963

JAN 1996 1058 18 27 3232 0 4335

FEB 1996 1101 14 27 3198 2 4342

MAR 1996 1151 3 22 3243 0 4419

APR 1996 1213 41 36 3485 0 4775

MAY 1996

1151 13 27 3303 1 4495

86

JUN 1996 973 13 32 3038 0 4056

JUL 1996 1068 14 26 2852 0 3960

AUG 1996 1079 17 20 2684 1 3801

SEP 1996 1044 7 30 2466 1 3548

OCT 1996 1129 13 25 2431 3 3601

NOV 1996 964 13 30 2063 1 3071

DEC 1996 1035 10 27 2029 19 3120

JAN 1997 1162 15 34 1265 738 3214

FEB 1997 1089 21 27 1095 776 3008

MAR 1997 1490 23 21 1208 851 3593

APR 1997 3630 58 29 1037 1011 5765

MAY 1997 1744 11 32 971 1043 3801

JUN 1997 1451 14 24 1001 1085 3575

JUL 1997 1422 15 26 1162 1096 3721

AUG 1997 1291 9 27 985 1097 3409

SEP 1997 1330 11 34 1046 998 3419

OCT 1997 1379 13 39 1157 1084 3672

NOV 1997 1156 15 19 911 888 2989

DEC 1997 1326 21 38 1135 1062 3582

87

JAN 1998 1317 20 33 948 914 3232

FEB 1998 1208 16 30 971 891 3116

MAR 1998 1472 22 31 1010 1009 3544

APR 1998 1444 24 43 933 1019 3463

MAY 1998 1311 16 29 810 895 3061

JUN 1998 1551 18 31 1009 1060 3669

JUL 1998 1439 18 26 988 926 3397

AUG 1998 1424 13 35 884 851 3207

SEP 1998 1418 13 30 979 851 3291

Total 59138 769 1355 102473 20174 183909

federal defendant or plaintiff -- all (1)

ORIGMO OCT 1994 407 112 0 44 128 0 691

NOV 1994 449 113 1 32 117 0 712

DEC 1994 450 112 0 40 104 0 706

JAN 1995 459 108 0 57 118 0 742

FEB 1995 451 121 0 54 102 0 728

MAR 1995 559 130 0 43 121 0 853

APR 1995 486 131 1 39 84 0 741

MAY 1995 508 110 0 61 100 0 779

JUN 1995 528 171 1 38 117 0 855

JUL 520 131 0 54 117 0 822

88

1995

AUG 1995 517 152 2 29 139 0 839

SEP 1995 458 116 0 32 101 0 707

OCT 1995 627 126 1 28 109 0 891

NOV 1995 514 118 0 32 111 0 775

DEC 1995 612 141 1 19 114 0 887

JAN 1996 970 162 0 36 109 0 1277

FEB 1996 966 135 1 34 113 0 1249

MAR 1996 967 134 1 30 135 0 1267

APR 1996 1139 171 3 27 146 0 1486

MAY 1996 893 176 0 50 140 0 1259

JUN 1996 727 168 1 101 118 0 1115

JUL 1996 676 199 0 42 101 0 1018

AUG 1996 735 175 0 43 122 0 1075

SEP 1996 630 145 1 37 114 0 927

OCT 1996 614 145 0 32 104 0 895

NOV 1996 550 137 2 29 102 0 820

DEC 1996 623 162 1 28 94 1 909

JAN 1997 573 147 0 44 64 20 848

FEB 649 184 0 22 53 32 940

89

1997

MAR 1997 1029 193 0 27 72 24 1345

APR 1997 4263 282 2 36 61 49 4693

MAY 1997 914 156 0 34 58 33 1195

JUN 1997 583 160 0 43 61 38 885

JUL 1997 516 151 1 38 47 31 784

AUG 1997 497 151 0 34 45 34 761

SEP 1997 516 191 0 48 65 33 853

OCT 1997 570 202 0 26 66 26 890

NOV 1997 396 165 0 26 53 12 652

DEC 1997 483 169 1 33 50 36 772

JAN 1998 493 189 1 36 53 35 807

FEB 1998 474 159 1 38 66 35 773

MAR 1998 562 208 0 23 64 35 892

APR 1998 502 232 1 24 72 35 866

MAY 1998 499 234 3 16 47 30 829

JUN 1998 527 266 1 37 84 33 948

JUL 1998 519 239 3 39 65 43 908

AUG 1998 508 275 1 24 71 37 916

SEP 458 283 1 48 74 38 902

90

1998

Total 32566 8037 33 1787 4371 690 47484

*10. Text accompanying note 293: Trials by year, 1990-2001

*** TEXT: Filings are down about forty percent — but trials are down*** fifty per-cent, from about 1000 per year in 1994, 1995, and 1996 to*** fewer than 500 in 2001.


USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(trfiscal > 1986).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ trfiscal > 1986 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

COMPUTE trial1 = 0.COMPUTE trial2 = 0.COMPUTE trial3 = 0.

IF proced87 >=6 & proced87 <=9 trial1 = 1.IF disp87 >=7 & disp87 <=9 trial2 = 1.IF trial1=1 & trial2 = 1 trial3 = 1.

VARIABLE LABELStrial1 "trial, according to procedural progress code"trial2 "trial, according to disposition code"trial3 "trial according to both disposition and procedural progress codes"

.

VALUE LABLES trial1 trial2 trial3 1 "Yes" 0 "No".

FORMATS trial1 trial2 trial3 (F1.0).

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=trial1 trial2 trial3 BY trfiscal /FORMAT=NOLIST TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=SUM .

91


Cases



trial, according to procedural progress code * fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW) 766066 100.0% 0 .0% 766066 100.0%

trial, according to disposition code * fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW) 766066 100.0% 0 .0% 766066 100.0%

trial according to both disposition and procedural progress codes * fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW)

766066 100.0% 0 .0% 766066 100.0%

Case Summaries Sum

fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW)

trial, according to procedural progress

code

trial, according to disposition code

trial according to both disposition and procedural

progress codes

1987 995 859 819

1988 1080 983 902

1989 1164 1010 969

1990 1071 925 876

1991 946 806 754

1992 1087 990 946

1993 1011 917 860

1994 1189 1085 1029

1995 1159 1030 972

1996 1235 1098 1036

1997 1122 971 921

1998 845 751 696

1999 696 637 590

2000 735 595 561

2001 650 523 480

92

Total 14985 13180 12411

*11. Note 296: Trends in disposition time, 1987-2001.

*** TEXT: Indeed, whether or not as a result of the PLRA, courts are now*** processing the reduced caseload somewhat more quickly than before.*** For example, whereas it took 153 days for federal district courts to*** dispose of fifty percent of the inmate civil rights cases filed in 1995,*** they reached the same disposition level of 1999 cases in thirty-four*** fewer days. [FN 296]

*** FN 296: Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3. It is not clear that*** the speed-up in the more complex half of the docket stems from the PLRA,*** for two reasons. First, the trend seems to have started in the early 1990s,*** though it clearly has continued in recent years. Second, since 1997, the*** noninmate docket, too, has shown some limited acceleration in resolution*** of the more complex half of the docket. It is easier to be certain that*** the slow-down in resolution of the less complex half of the docket is indeed*** PLRA-related because it peaked in 1997, the first year in which all filed*** inmate cases were affected, and because no analogous trend is apparent in*** either the habeas or the noninmate docket.


*** Filter out all but only/final appearance of cases, Also leave out*** cases from 2000 on, because pending cases complicate analyis. The pending*** cases in 1999 make the upper percentiles displayed in that year untrustworthy.

USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(seq_revn = 1 & origfy > 1990 & origfy < 2000).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ 'seq_revn = 1 & origfy > 1990 & origfy < 2000 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

EXAMINE VARIABLES= mindisp BY nos2 BY origfy /PERCENTILES(10,15,20,25, 30,35,40, 45, 50) HAVERAGE /STATISTICS = None /PLOT = None /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL.

Explore

93

Nature of suit summary (NEW)*Fiscal year of earliest known filing (NEW)

Case Processing Summary

Nature of suit summary (NEW)

Fiscal year of earliest known filing (NEW)

Cases

Valid Missing Total


Minimum days to disposition

Habeas etc -- 500s (0)

1991 15572 100.0% 0 .0% 15572 100.0%

1992 17280 100.0% 0 .0% 17280 100.0%

1993 18766 100.0% 0 .0% 18766 100.0%

1994 18220 100.0% 0 .0% 18220 100.0%

1995 21112 100.0% 0 .0% 21112 100.0%

1996 26131 100.0% 0 .0% 26131 100.0%

1997 33312 100.0% 0 .0% 33312 100.0%

1998 27202 100.0% 0 .0% 27202 100.0%

1999 29804 100.0% 0 .0% 29804 100.0%

Inmate civil rights -- 500 or 555 (1)

1991 25193 100.0% 0 .0% 25193 100.0%

1992 29424 100.0% 0 .0% 29424 100.0%

1993 32637 100.0% 0 .0% 32637 100.0%

1994 37638 100.0% 0 .0% 37638 100.0%

1995 40216 100.0% 0 .0% 40216 100.0%

1996 39528 100.0% 0 .0% 39528 100.0%

1997 27142 100.0% 0 .0% 27142 100.0%

1998 25195 100.0% 0 .0% 25195 100.0%

1999 24583 100.0% 0 .0% 24583 100.0%

Percentiles



Percentiles

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

94

Weighted Average(Definition 1)



1991 15.00 29.00 45.60 64.00 84.00 106.00 127.00 149.00 173.00

1992 15.00 29.00 45.00 63.00 82.00 102.00 124.00 147.00 173.00

1993 13.00 26.00 39.00 55.00 74.00 93.00 113.00 134.00 159.00

1994 13.00 26.00 42.00 61.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 145.00 169.00

1995 14.00 28.00 43.00 60.00 79.00 99.00 120.00 143.00 168.50

1996 14.00 28.00 43.00 58.00 77.00 97.00 115.00 138.00 162.00

1997 17.00 34.00 51.00 73.00 95.00 119.00 146.00 177.00 212.00

1998 14.00 26.00 41.00 57.00 76.00 97.00 121.00 147.00 175.00

1999 14.00 25.00 40.00 56.00 76.00 97.00 121.00 147.00 177.00


1991 11.00 26.00 41.80 62.00 86.00 111.00 139.00 168.00 203.00

1992 7.00 22.00 37.00 56.00 78.00 103.00 131.00 161.00 193.00

1993 7.00 21.00 36.00 52.00 72.00 98.00 126.00 154.00 188.00

1994 6.00 17.00 32.00 47.00 67.00 92.00 119.00 150.00 181.00

1995 5.00 14.00 27.00 40.00 56.00 76.00 99.00 126.00 154.00

1996 5.00 14.00 27.00 39.00 51.00 67.00 87.00 110.00 134.00

1997 10.00 22.00 34.00 46.00 58.00 73.00 91.00 112.00 135.00

1998 9.00 20.00 32.00 43.00 55.00 69.00 84.00 105.00 128.00

1999 9.00 20.00 32.00 43.00 55.00 69.00 85.00 104.00 130.00

Tukey's Hinges Minimum days to disposition


1991 64.00 173.00

1992 63.00 173.00

1993 55.00 159.00

1994 61.00 169.00

1995 60.00 168.50

1996 58.00 162.00

1997 73.00 212.00

1998 57.00 175.00

1999 56.00 177.00


1991 62.00 203.00

1992 56.00 193.00

1993 52.00 188.00

1994 47.00 181.00

95

1995 40.00 154.00

1996 39.00 134.00

1997 46.00 135.00

1998 43.00 128.00

1999 43.00 130.00

EXAMINE VARIABLES= mindisp BY nos2 BY origfy /PERCENTILES(60,70,75, 80,90, 95) HAVERAGE /STATISTICS = None /PLOT = None /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL.

Explore

Nature of suit summary (NEW)*Fiscal year of earliest known filing (NEW)




Cases

Valid Missing Total




1991 15572 100.0% 0 .0% 15572 100.0%

1992 17280 100.0% 0 .0% 17280 100.0%

1993 18766 100.0% 0 .0% 18766 100.0%

1994 18220 100.0% 0 .0% 18220 100.0%

1995 21112 100.0% 0 .0% 21112 100.0%

1996 26131 100.0% 0 .0% 26131 100.0%

1997 33312 100.0% 0 .0% 33312 100.0%

1998 27202 100.0% 0 .0% 27202 100.0%

1999 29804 100.0% 0 .0% 29804 100.0%

Inmate civil 1991 25193 100.0% 0 .0% 25193 100.0%

96

rights -- 500 or 555 (1)

1992 29424 100.0% 0 .0% 29424 100.0%

1993 32637 100.0% 0 .0% 32637 100.0%

1994 37638 100.0% 0 .0% 37638 100.0%

1995 40216 100.0% 0 .0% 40216 100.0%

1996 39528 100.0% 0 .0% 39528 100.0%

1997 27142 100.0% 0 .0% 27142 100.0%

1998 25195 100.0% 0 .0% 25195 100.0%

1999 24583 100.0% 0 .0% 24583 100.0%

Percentiles



Percentiles

60 70 75 80 90 95




1991 231.00 305.10 364.00 427.00 684.70 985.35

1992 231.00 309.00 364.00 437.80 731.00 1011.00

1993 217.00 295.00 346.00 414.00 671.00 923.00

1994 228.00 307.00 361.00 428.00 688.90 973.00

1995 230.00 303.10 356.00 421.00 679.00 981.35

1996 222.00 296.40 350.00 414.00 692.00 982.40

1997 295.00 399.00 467.00 558.40 903.00 1171.35

1998 244.00 339.00 400.00 470.00 780.00 1110.00

1999 248.00 343.00 398.75 479.00 763.00 885.00


1991 288.00 400.80 477.00 567.00 856.00 1148.30

1992 274.00 381.00 454.00 546.00 841.00 1128.00

1993 268.00 368.00 430.00 512.00 791.00 1086.00

1994 256.00 352.00 413.00 493.00 762.00 1044.00

1995 223.00 320.90 383.00 461.00 739.00 1034.00

1996 197.00 288.00 350.00 426.00 684.00 963.55

1997 195.00 286.00 347.25 427.00 703.00 1028.00

1998 189.00 276.00 339.00 425.00 712.00 1050.00

97

1999 199.00 303.00 373.00 468.00 754.00 873.00

Tukey's HingesMinimum days to disposition


1991 364.00

1992 364.00

1993 346.00

1994 361.00

1995 356.00

1996 350.00

1997 467.00

1998 400.00

1999 398.50


1991 477.00

1992 454.00

1993 430.00

1994 413.00

1995 383.00

1996 350.00

1997 347.00

1998 339.00

1999 373.00

*** THE TOTAL DOCKET INFORMATION IS DONE IN STATA, NOT SPSS. *** THE STATA LOG FOLLOWS.*** The dataset used, which includes all cases terminated by federal district courts*** since 1970, was compiled by Ted Eisenberg from the same AO data that make up*** the inmate dataset used in this article. It is mammoth, and not posted here.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------- log: C:\DATA\Days_to_disposition.smcl log type: smcl opened on: 10 Apr 2003, 12:44:14

log using Days_to_disposition, replace

do "D:\ALL70_00\Days to disposition analysis.do"

*** DAYS TO DISPOSITION set mem 450m

Current memory allocation

98

current memory usage settable value description (1M = 1024k) -------------------------------------------------------------------- set maxvar 5000 max. variables allowed 1.733M set memory 450M max. data space 450.000M set matsize 400 max. RHS vars in models 1.254M ----------- 452.987M

*** Get the pending file into compatible format use circuit distr office docket yearfi monthfi dayfi juris action using "D:\A> LL70_00\all00pending.dta"

save "D:\ALL70_00\pendingedit.dta", replacefile D:\ALL70_00\pendingedit.dta saved

*** CHECK ON YEARFI use yearfi using "D:\ALL70_00\all70_00"

tabulate yearfi

filing year | v10 | Freq. Percent Cum.------------+----------------------------------- 1901 | 6 0.00 0.00 1907 | 2 0.00 0.00 1908 | 1 0.00 0.00 1910 | 1 0.00 0.00 1911 | 1 0.00 0.00 1914 | 1 0.00 0.00 1918 | 2 0.00 0.00 1919 | 1 0.00 0.00 1920 | 1 0.00 0.00 1922 | 1 0.00 0.00 1925 | 1 0.00 0.00 1927 | 2 0.00 0.00 1930 | 1 0.00 0.00 1932 | 2 0.00 0.00 1935 | 1 0.00 0.00 1940 | 22 0.00 0.00 1943 | 2 0.00 0.00 1944 | 1 0.00 0.00 1946 | 1 0.00 0.00 1947 | 2 0.00 0.00 1948 | 2 0.00 0.00 1949 | 2 0.00 0.00 1950 | 4 0.00 0.00 1951 | 5 0.00 0.00 1952 | 3 0.00 0.00 1953 | 18 0.00 0.00 1954 | 6 0.00 0.00 1955 | 19 0.00 0.00 1956 | 25 0.00 0.00 1957 | 40 0.00 0.00 1958 | 72 0.00 0.00

99

1959 | 199 0.00 0.01 1960 | 220 0.00 0.01 1961 | 374 0.01 0.02 1962 | 592 0.01 0.03 1963 | 1367 0.02 0.05 1964 | 2142 0.04 0.08 1965 | 4370 0.07 0.16 1966 | 9872 0.16 0.32 1967 | 21499 0.35 0.67 1968 | 45599 0.75 1.42 1969 | 111514 1.83 3.25 1970 | 103395 1.70 4.95 1971 | 93779 1.54 6.50 1972 | 96913 1.59 8.09 1973 | 99948 1.64 9.73 1974 | 110375 1.81 11.55 1975 | 126621 2.08 13.63 1976 | 128858 2.12 15.74 1977 | 135502 2.23 17.97 1978 | 144205 2.37 20.34 1979 | 162895 2.68 23.02 1980 | 174768 2.87 25.89 1981 | 190179 3.13 29.02 1982 | 223506 3.67 32.69 1983 | 256232 4.21 36.90 1984 | 259845 4.27 41.17 1985 | 278800 4.58 45.76 1986 | 241504 3.97 49.73 1987 | 230549 3.79 53.52 1988 | 235787 3.88 57.39 1989 | 225201 3.70 61.09 1990 | 206962 3.40 64.49 1991 | 217192 3.57 68.06 1992 | 227744 3.74 71.81 1993 | 227671 3.74 75.55 1994 | 232418 3.82 79.37 1995 | 252952 4.16 83.53 1996 | 252128 4.14 87.67 1997 | 252922 4.16 91.83 1998 | 231559 3.81 95.64 1999 | 199547 3.28 98.92 2000 | 65984 1.08 100.00------------+----------------------------------- Total | 6083937 100.00

*** NO PROBLEM. use circuit distr office docket yearfi /*> */ monthfi dayfi juris action source pltfdc defenddc yearterm monterm dayterm /*> */ disp progress natjudge amount judgefor prose /*> */ if yearfi > 1990 /*> */ using "D:\ALL70_00\all70_00"

compress

save "D:\ALL70_00\edit91_00.dta", replacefile D:\ALL70_00\edit91_00.dta saved

100

append using "D:\ALL70_00\pendingedit.dta"

drop if yearfi ==.(171 observations deleted)

drop if yearfi < 1991(552 observations deleted)

save "D:\ALL70_00\edit91_pending.dta", replacefile D:\ALL70_00\edit91_pending.dta saved

gen datefi = mdy(monthfi, dayfi, yearfi)

gen dateterm = mdy(monterm, dayterm, yearterm)(248709 missing values generated)

gen dispday = dateterm - datefi if dateterm~= .(248709 missing values generated)

gen mindisp = mdy(10,1,2000) - datefi if dateterm== .(2160117 missing values generated)

replace mindisp = dispday if mindisp == .(2160117 real changes made)

gen nos_sum = action

replace nos_sum = 0 if (nos_sum < 500 | nos_sum > 599)(1856104 real changes made) tabulate nos_sum

nos_sum | Freq. Percent Cum.------------+----------------------------------- 0 | 1856104 77.05 77.05 510 | 61542 2.55 79.61 530 | 169292 7.03 86.64 535 | 1972 0.08 86.72 540 | 9133 0.38 87.10 550 | 265579 11.03 98.12 555 | 45204 1.88 100.00------------+----------------------------------- Total | 2408826 100.00

replace nos_sum = 1 if (nos_sum == 550 | nos_sum == 555)(310783 real changes made)

replace nos_sum = 2 if (nos_sum > 500 & nos_sum < 550)(241939 real changes made)

label variable nos_sum "Nature of suit summary"

label define nos_sum_label 0 "Non-inmate (0)" 1 "Inmate civil rights (1)" 2 "> Habeas (2)"

101

label values nos_sum nos_sum_label

gen fyfiling = yearfi

replace fyfiling = fyfiling + 1 if monthfi > 9(544485 real changes made)

gen fyterm = yearterm(248709 missing values generated)

replace fyterm = fyterm + 1 if monterm > 9(507720 real changes made)

label variable fyfiling "Fiscal year of filing"

label variable fyterm "Fiscal year of termination"

gen flag = 1 if mindisp < 0(2408820 missing values generated)

gen start_order = _n

gen pending = 0

replace pending = 1 if yearterm ==.(248709 real changes made)

102

*** THERE ARE ONLY 5 flagged. *** CREATE TABLES BY nos_sum and fyfiling, with the percentiles days *** to disposition. Need to include pendings, so that the percentiles *** line up, but then take out *** the portion of the distribution that may include any pendings – *** they will tend to decrease that number. table fyfiling if (mindisp>=0 & fyfiling > 1991), contents(p10 mindisp p25 /* */ mindisp p50 mindisp p60 mindisp p70 mindisp ) by(nos_sum)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nature of suit summary |and Fiscal year of |filing | p10(mindisp) p25(mindisp) med(mindisp) p60(mindisd) p70(mindisp)------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------Non-inmate (0) | 1992 | 48 102 223 294 385 1993 | 43 100 237 311 404 1994 | 48 108 247 323 419 1995 | 50 114 240 315 404 1996 | 52 114 264 344 441 1997 | 50 112 267 346 446 1998 | 54 108 249 326 415 1999 | 51 99 221 293 373 2000 | 23 57 111 139 175------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------Inmate civil rights (1) | 1992 | 7 53 185 263 365 1993 | 6 50 180 258 354 1994 | 6 46 176 248 341 1995 | 5 40 149 215 308 1996 | 5 38 130 189 277 1997 | 9 44 129 186 270 1998 | 8 41 122 180 262 1999 | 8 41 121 186 282 2000 | 8 29 74 101 134------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------Habeas (2) | 1992 | 15 61 167 224 296

103

1993 | 12 54 155 211 287 1994 | 13 58 163 221 295 1995 | 14 58 163 223 294 1996 | 13 56 157 216 287 1997 | 15 68 198 276 371 1998 | 13 54 167 233 324 1999 | 13 53 168 238 329 2000 | 9 32 85 115 150----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

table fyfiling if (mindisp>=0 & fyfiling > 1991), contents(p75 mindisp p90 / *> */ mindisp) by(nos_sum)

----------------------------------------------------Nature of suit summary |and Fiscal year of |filing | p75(mindisp) p90(mindisp)------------------------+---------------------------Non-inmate (0) | 1992 | 443 752 1993 | 461 822 1994 | 482 885 1995 | 461 806 1996 | 511 969 1997 | 513 1036 1998 | 468 763 1999 | 402 527 2000 | 195 283------------------------+---------------------------Inmate civil rights (1) | 1992 | 431 802 1993 | 413 750 1994 | 400 729 1995 | 367 695 1996 | 332 647 1997 | 325 649 1998 | 321 659 1999 | 350 502 2000 | 155 249------------------------+---------------------------Habeas (2) |

104

1992 | 349 686 1993 | 337 646 1994 | 346 652 1995 | 342 639 1996 | 335 653 1997 | 429 809 1998 | 381 733 1999 | 376 515 2000 | 171 257----------------------------------------------------

tabulate fyfiling nos_sum if yearterm ==.

Fiscal | year of | Nature of suit summary filing | Non-inmat Inmate ci Habeas (2 | Total-----------+---------------------------------+---------- 1991 | 59 1 8 | 68 1992 | 109 16 14 | 139 1993 | 165 47 29 | 241 1994 | 1828 79 40 | 1947 1995 | 867 136 44 | 1047 1996 | 8083 264 138 | 8485 1997 | 16450 615 890 | 17955 1998 | 16613 1495 2035 | 20143 1999 | 36552 4008 5091 | 45651 2000 | 124359 11904 16770 | 153033 -----------+---------------------------------+---------- Total | 205085 18565 25059 | 248709

save "D:\ALL70_00\working91_pending.dta", replacefile D:\ALL70_00\working91_pending.dta saved

log close log: C:\DATA\Days_to_disposition.smcl log type: smcl closed on: 10 Apr 2003, 15:25:54-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

105

*12. note 355: Proportion of prisons and jails under court order

* TEXT: For a large number of prison and jail systems, the basic deterrent* impact of litigation has been the specific deterrence of a court order,* reached by litigation or negotiation, and enforceable by contempt or* other judicial action if need be. [FN 355]

*** FN 355: At last count, the Bureau of Justice Statistics censuses report*** that such orders govern 23% of the nation’s state prisons (housing 39%*** of state inmates) and 13% of the nation’s local jails (housing 31% of*** jail inmates). These figures are derived from BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS,*** U.S. DEP’T OF JUSTICE, CENSUS OF STATE AND FEDERAL ADULT CORRECTIONAL*** FACILITIES, 2000 (forthcoming; data kindly provided by the Bureau of Justice*** Statistics) [hereinafter BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS, 2000 PRISON CENSUS];*** BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS, 1999 JAIL CENSUS, supra note 82. For the code*** yielding the figures presented, see Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3.

*** PRISONS

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\CorrectionalCensuses\Prison2000.sav'.

*** NOTE: This data file is not publically available.

TEMPORARY.VARIABLE LABLE count_0 "Inmate count, midyear 2000"

ordsm_0 "Any court order".

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=count_0 BY ordsm_0 /FORMAT=NOLIST TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT SUM NPCT SPCT .


Cases


106


Inmate count, midyear 2000 * Any court order 1584 100.0% 0 .0% 1584 100.0%

Case Summaries Inmate count, midyear 2000

Any court order N Sum % of Total N % of Total Sum

No (0) 1226 730353 77.4% 61.2%

Yes (1) 358 463926 22.6% 38.8%

Total 1584 1194279 100.0% 100.0%

*** JAILS

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\CorrectionalCensuses\Jail1983-1999.sav'.

TEMPORARY.VARIABLE LABLE count_99 "Inmate count, midyear 1999"

ordsm_99 "Any court order".

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=count_99 BY ordsm_99 /FORMAT=NOLIST TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT SUM NPCT SPCT .


Cases



Inmate count, midyear 1999 * Any court order 3084 73.3% 1122 26.7% 4206 100.0%

Case Summaries Inmate count, midyear 1999

Any court order N Sum % of Total N % of Total Sum

107

No (0) 2671 472551.00 86.6% 69.2%

Yes (1) 413 210737.00 13.4% 30.8%

Total 3084 683288.00 100.0% 100.0%

*13. note 363: Size of jails and prisons in 1999/2000

*** FN 363: Of the approximately 3000 jail jurisdictions in 1999 (which,*** combined, housed over 600,000 inmates on an average day), more than*** two-thirds had an average daily population of fewer than 100 inmates.


EXAMINE VARIABLES= adp_99 /PERCENTILES(20,40,50,60, 68, 69, 70, 80, 90) HAVERAGE /STATISTICS = None /PLOT = None /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL.

Explore Case Processing Summary

Cases

Valid Missing Total


ADP_99 3084 73.3% 1122 26.7% 4206 100.0%

Percentiles

Percentiles

20 40 50 60 68 69 70 80 90


ADP_99 13.0000 34.0000 50.0000 72.0000 98.0000 103.6500 108.0000 180.0000 394.0000

Tukey's Hinges ADP_99 50.0000

108

*** FN 363, continued: If it takes about 1000 inmates to justify employment*** of one lawyer in a correctional system, see supra p. 1625, it is telling*** that more than half of jail inmates in 1999 were housed in a jail system*** that typically held fewer.

*** NUMBER OF FACILITIES AND INMATES, TOTAL

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=adp_99 /FORMAT=NOLIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT SUM .


Cases



ADP_99 3084 73.3% 1122 26.7% 4206 100.0%

Case Summaries

ADP_99

N Sum

3084 619046.00

*** GENERATE VARIABLES FOR:*** TOTAL NUMBER OF INMATES IN FACILITIES UP TO EACH SIZE (adpsum99)*** TOTAL NUMBER OF INMATES IN ALL FACILITIES (total_99)*** PERCENTAGE OF ALL INMATES IN FACILITIES UP TO EACH SIZE (per_99)

NUMERIC adpsum99 (F10.0).SORT CASES BY adp_99.IF (MISSING(adp_99) = 0 & missing(lag(adp_99))) adpsum99 = adp_99.IF MISSING(adpsum99) adpsum99 = adp_99 + lag(adpsum99).SORT CASES BY adpsum99 (D).IF $casenum = 1 total_99 = adpsum99.IF MISSING(total_99) total_99 = lag(total_99).SORT CASES BY adp_99.IF (MISSING(adp_99) = 0 & missing(lag(adp_99))) per_99 = adp_99/total_99.IF MISSING(per_99) per_99 = adp_99/total_99 + lag(per_99).

109

SORT CASES BY adp_99 (D).FORMAT adp_99 (F6.0).

*** PERCENTAGE OF INMATES IN FACILITIES OF EACH SIZE OR SMALLER

TEMPORARY.VARIABLE LABLES adp_99 "Average daily population, 1999" per_99 "Percentage of all jail inmates in facilities of this size or smaller" .

FORMATS count_99 adp_99 (F8.0).

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=adp_99 per_99 /FORMAT=VALIDLIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT SUM .


Cases



Average daily population, 1999 3084 73.3% 1122 26.7% 4206 100.0%

Percentage of all jail inmates in facilities of this size or smaller 3084 73.3% 1122 26.7% 4206 100.0%

Case Summaries

Average daily population, 1999Percentage of all jail

inmates in facilities of this size or smaller

1 20683 1.00

2 17562 .97

3 11068 .94

4 9430 .92

5 7772 .91

6 7127 .89

110

7 6935 .88

8 6770 .87

9 6400 .86

10 6270 .85

11 5194 .84

12 5114 .83

13 4924 .82

14 4477 .81

15 4333 .81

16 4160 .80

17 3880 .79

18 3692 .79

19 3544 .78

20 3536 .77

21 3382 .77

22 3318 .76

23 3213 .76

24 3005 .75

25 2987 .75

26 2853 .74

27 2758 .74

28 2650 .73

29 2582 .73

30 2543 .73

31 2500 .72

32 2458 .72

33 2432 .71

34 2400 .71

35 2345 .71

36 2312 .70

37 2254 .70

38 2224 .69

111

39 2100 .69

40 2059 .69

41 2025 .68

42 2016 .68

43 1964 .68

44 1920 .67

45 1900 .67

46 1893 .67

47 1850 .67

48 1843 .66

49 1802 .66

50 1792 .65

51 1792 .66

52 1750 .65

53 1740 .65

54 1701 .65

55 1694 .64

56 1678 .64

57 1675 .64

58 1660 .63

59 1619 .63

60 1572 .63

61 1547 .63

62 1527 .62

63 1500 .62

64 1500 .62

65 1454 .62

66 1441 .61

67 1437 .61

68 1437 .61

69 1436 .61

70 1400 .60

112

71 1400 .61

72 1358 .60

73 1350 .60

74 1348 .60

75 1344 .59

76 1338 .59

77 1329 .59

78 1327 .59

79 1311 .59

80 1306 .58

81 1300 .58

82 1298 .58

83 1293 .58

84 1284 .57

85 1271 .57

86 1247 .57

87 1246 .57

88 1245 .57

89 1233 .56

90 1231 .56

91 1225 .56

92 1218 .56

93 1211 .56

94 1200 .55

95 1183 .55

96 1171 .55

97 1169 .55

98 1162 .55

99 1150 .55

100 1139 .54

101 1137 .54

102 1118 .54

113

103 1115 .54

104 1100 .54

105 1095 .53

106 1087 .53

107 1085 .53

108 1083 .53

109 1080 .53

110 1067 .53

111 1064 .52

112 1045 .52

113 1043 .52

114 1040 .52

115 1039 .52

116 1037 .52

117 1020 .51

118 1009 .51

119 1007 .51

120 1003 .51

121 960 .51

122 957 .51

123 950 .50

124 933 .50

125 928 .50

126 924 .50

127 922 .50

128 915 .50

129 915 .50

130 902 .49

131 890 .49

132 890 .49

133 887 .49

134 874 .49

114

135 870 .49

136 869 .49

137 868 .48

138 853 .48

139 846 .48

140 844 .48

141 844 .48

142 835 .48

143 834 .47

144 834 .48

145 831 .47

146 827 .47

147 821 .47

148 814 .47

149 810 .47

150 803 .46

151 803 .47

152 794 .46

153 791 .46

154 776 .46

155 767 .46

156 764 .46

157 762 .46

158 762 .46

159 733 .45

160 730 .45

161 727 .45

162 720 .45

163 720 .45

164 718 .45

165 713 .45

166 711 .45

115

167 708 .45

168 705 .44

169 701 .44

170 700 .44

171 694 .44

172 693 .44

173 693 .44

174 693 .44

175 690 .44

176 689 .44

177 682 .43

178 682 .43

179 677 .43

180 676 .43

181 675 .43

182 674 .43

183 664 .43

184 660 .43

185 658 .43

186 648 .42

187 646 .42

188 642 .42

189 637 .42

190 635 .42

191 630 .42

192 626 .42

193 625 .42

194 620 .42

195 615 .42

196 612 .41

197 611 .41

198 604 .41

116

199 600 .41

200 599 .41

201 597 .41

202 596 .41

203 596 .41

204 592 .41

205 590 .40

206 590 .41

207 589 .40

208 588 .40

209 587 .40

210 585 .40

211 583 .40

212 583 .40

213 582 .40

214 582 .40

215 581 .40

216 580 .39

217 580 .40

218 575 .39

219 575 .39

220 570 .39

221 568 .39

222 566 .39

223 560 .39

224 560 .39

225 558 .39

226 558 .39

227 554 .39

228 553 .38

229 550 .38

230 550 .38

117

231 550 .38

232 545 .38

233 544 .38

234 542 .38

235 540 .38

236 538 .38

237 537 .38

238 534 .38

239 531 .37

240 530 .37

241 530 .37

242 529 .37

243 526 .37

244 525 .37

245 521 .37

246 520 .37

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2659 8 .00

2660 8 .00

2661 8 .00

2662 8 .00

193

2663 8 .00

2664 8 .00

2665 8 .00

2666 8 .00

2667 8 .00

2668 8 .00

2669 8 .00

2670 8 .00

2671 8 .00

2672 8 .00

2673 8 .00

2674 8 .00

2675 8 .00

2676 8 .00

2677 8 .00

2678 8 .00

2679 8 .00

2680 8 .00

2681 8 .00

2682 8 .00

2683 8 .00

2684 8 .00

2685 8 .00

2686 8 .00

2687 8 .00

2688 8 .00

2689 8 .00

2690 8 .00

2691 7 .00

2692 7 .00

2693 7 .00

2694 7 .00

194

2695 7 .00

2696 7 .00

2697 7 .00

2698 7 .00

2699 7 .00

2700 7 .00

2701 7 .00

2702 7 .00

2703 7 .00

2704 7 .00

2705 7 .00

2706 7 .00

2707 7 .00

2708 7 .00

2709 7 .00

2710 7 .00

2711 7 .00

2712 7 .00

2713 7 .00

2714 7 .00

2715 7 .00

2716 7 .00

2717 7 .00

2718 7 .00

2719 7 .00

2720 7 .00

2721 7 .00

2722 7 .00

2723 7 .00

2724 7 .00

2725 7 .00

2726 7 .00

195

2727 7 .00

2728 7 .00

2729 7 .00

2730 7 .00

2731 7 .00

2732 7 .00

2733 7 .00

2734 7 .00

2735 7 .00

2736 6 .00

2737 6 .00

2738 6 .00

2739 6 .00

2740 6 .00

2741 6 .00

2742 6 .00

2743 6 .00

2744 6 .00

2745 6 .00

2746 6 .00

2747 6 .00

2748 6 .00

2749 6 .00

2750 6 .00

2751 6 .00

2752 6 .00

2753 6 .00

2754 6 .00

2755 6 .00

2756 6 .00

2757 6 .00

2758 6 .00

196

2759 6 .00

2760 6 .00

2761 6 .00

2762 6 .00

2763 6 .00

2764 6 .00

2765 6 .00

2766 6 .00

2767 6 .00

2768 6 .00

2769 6 .00

2770 6 .00

2771 6 .00

2772 6 .00

2773 6 .00

2774 6 .00

2775 6 .00

2776 6 .00

2777 6 .00

2778 6 .00

2779 6 .00

2780 6 .00

2781 6 .00

2782 6 .00

2783 6 .00

2784 6 .00

2785 6 .00

2786 6 .00

2787 6 .00

2788 6 .00

2789 6 .00

2790 6 .00

197

2791 6 .00

2792 6 .00

2793 6 .00

2794 5 .00

2795 5 .00

2796 5 .00

2797 5 .00

2798 5 .00

2799 5 .00

2800 5 .00

2801 5 .00

2802 5 .00

2803 5 .00

2804 5 .00

2805 5 .00

2806 5 .00

2807 5 .00

2808 5 .00

2809 5 .00

2810 5 .00

2811 5 .00

2812 5 .00

2813 5 .00

2814 5 .00

2815 5 .00

2816 5 .00

2817 5 .00

2818 5 .00

2819 5 .00

2820 5 .00

2821 5 .00

2822 5 .00

198

2823 5 .00

2824 5 .00

2825 5 .00

2826 5 .00

2827 5 .00

2828 5 .00

2829 5 .00

2830 5 .00

2831 5 .00

2832 5 .00

2833 5 .00

2834 5 .00

2835 5 .00

2836 5 .00

2837 5 .00

2838 5 .00

2839 5 .00

2840 5 .00

2841 5 .00

2842 5 .00

2843 5 .00

2844 5 .00

2845 5 .00

2846 5 .00

2847 5 .00

2848 5 .00

2849 5 .00

2850 5 .00

2851 5 .00

2852 4 .00

2853 4 .00

2854 4 .00

199

2855 4 .00

2856 4 .00

2857 4 .00

2858 4 .00

2859 4 .00

2860 4 .00

2861 4 .00

2862 4 .00

2863 4 .00

2864 4 .00

2865 4 .00

2866 4 .00

2867 4 .00

2868 4 .00

2869 4 .00

2870 4 .00

2871 4 .00

2872 4 .00

2873 4 .00

2874 4 .00

2875 4 .00

2876 4 .00

2877 4 .00

2878 4 .00

2879 4 .00

2880 4 .00

2881 4 .00

2882 4 .00

2883 4 .00

2884 4 .00

2885 4 .00

2886 4 .00

200

2887 4 .00

2888 4 .00

2889 4 .00

2890 4 .00

2891 4 .00

2892 4 .00

2893 4 .00

2894 4 .00

2895 4 .00

2896 4 .00

2897 4 .00

2898 4 .00

2899 4 .00

2900 4 .00

2901 4 .00

2902 4 .00

2903 3 .00

2904 3 .00

2905 3 .00

2906 3 .00

2907 3 .00

2908 3 .00

2909 3 .00

2910 3 .00

2911 3 .00

2912 3 .00

2913 3 .00

2914 3 .00

2915 3 .00

2916 3 .00

2917 3 .00

2918 3 .00

201

2919 3 .00

2920 3 .00

2921 3 .00

2922 3 .00

2923 3 .00

2924 3 .00

2925 3 .00

2926 3 .00

2927 3 .00

2928 3 .00

2929 3 .00

2930 3 .00

2931 3 .00

2932 3 .00

2933 3 .00

2934 3 .00

2935 3 .00

2936 3 .00

2937 3 .00

2938 3 .00

2939 3 .00

2940 3 .00

2941 3 .00

2942 3 .00

2943 3 .00

2944 3 .00

2945 3 .00

2946 3 .00

2947 3 .00

2948 3 .00

2949 3 .00

2950 3 .00

202

2951 3 .00

2952 3 .00

2953 3 .00

2954 3 .00

2955 3 .00

2956 3 .00

2957 3 .00

2958 2 .00

2959 2 .00

2960 2 .00

2961 2 .00

2962 2 .00

2963 2 .00

2964 2 .00

2965 2 .00

2966 2 .00

2967 2 .00

2968 2 .00

2969 2 .00

2970 2 .00

2971 2 .00

2972 2 .00

2973 2 .00

2974 2 .00

2975 2 .00

2976 2 .00

2977 2 .00

2978 2 .00

2979 2 .00

2980 2 .00

2981 2 .00

2982 2 .00

203

2983 2 .00

2984 2 .00

2985 2 .00

2986 2 .00

2987 2 .00

2988 2 .00

2989 2 .00

2990 2 .00

2991 2 .00

2992 2 .00

2993 2 .00

2994 2 .00

2995 2 .00

2996 2 .00

2997 2 .00

2998 2 .00

2999 2 .00

3000 2 .00

3001 2 .00

3002 2 .00

3003 2 .00

3004 2 .00

3005 2 .00

3006 2 .00

3007 2 .00

3008 2 .00

3009 2 .00

3010 2 .00

3011 1 .00

3012 1 .00

3013 1 .00

3014 1 .00

204

3015 1 .00

3016 1 .00

3017 1 .00

3018 1 .00

3019 1 .00

3020 1 .00

3021 1 .00

3022 1 .00

3023 1 .00

3024 1 .00

3025 1 .00

3026 1 .00

3027 1 .00

3028 1 .00

3029 1 .00

3030 1 .00

3031 1 .00

3032 1 .00

3033 1 .00

3034 1 .00

3035 1 .00

3036 1 .00

3037 1 .00

3038 1 .00

3039 1 .00

3040 1 .00

3041 1 .00

3042 1 .00

3043 1 .00

3044 1 .00

3045 1 .00

3046 1 .00

205

3047 1 .00

3048 1 .00

3049 1 .00

3050 1 .00

3051 1 .00

3052 1 .00

3053 1 .00

3054 1 .00

3055 1 .00

3056 1 .00

3057 1 .00

3058 1 .00

3059 1 .00

3060 1 .00

3061 1 .00

3062 1 .00

3063 1 .00

3064 1 .00

3065 1 .00

3066 1 .00

3067 1 .00

3068 1 .00

3069 1 .00

3070 1 .00

3071 1 .00

3072 1 .00

3073 1 .00

3074 1 .00

3075 1 .00

3076 1 .00

3077 1 .00

3078 1 .00

206

3079 1 .00

3080 1 .00

3081 1 .00

3082 1 .00

3083 0 .00

3084 0 .00

TotalN 3084 3084

Sum 619046 350.56

*** FN 363, continued: About half as many state prisons held about twice as many*** people, and their population distribution was much more even. So fewer*** than one-third of prison inmates in 2000 were housed in prisons holding fewer*** than 1000 inmates.

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\CorrectionalCensuses\Prison2000.sav'.

*** NOTE: Again, this data file is not publically available.

*** NUMBER OF FACILITIES AND INMATES, TOTAL

formats adp_0 (f7.0).

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=adp_0 /FORMAT=NOLIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT SUM .


Cases



ADP 1584 100.0% 0 .0% 1584 100.0%

Case Summaries

207

ADP

N Sum

1584 1178753

EXAMINE VARIABLES= adp_0 /PERCENTILES(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90) HAVERAGE /STATISTICS = None /PLOT = None /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL.


Cases

Valid Missing Total


ADP 1584 100.0% 0 .0% 1584 100.0%

Percentiles

Percentiles

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Weighted Average(Definition 1) ADP 48.00 87.00 147.50 244.00 427.50 649.00 954.00 1231.00 1798.00

Tukey's Hinges ADP 427.50

*14. note 403: Number and description of city jails

*** FN 403: City jails, which accounted for eleven [8] percent of the nation’s*** jails and housed eight percent of the nation’s jail inmates in 1999, answer*** to city mayors, sometimes via a city chief of police.


*** NOTE: THE TEXT ABOVE IS CORRECT, but it is corrected from the*** printed version, which instead used the bracketed figure.

208

*** FIRST CREATE A VARIABLE FOR "City jail" (muni_99)*** Then adjust from the coding in v1b_99;*** Some self-evidently county facilities are coded as*** city facilities.

RECODE v1b_99 (2 = 1) (else = 0) into muni_99.If id99 = 5203800100600 muni_99 = 0. /* SAN FRANCISCO CITY & COUNTY .If id99 = 11202900100601 muni_99 = 0. /* CLARKE COUNTY CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION .If id99 = 11202900100620 muni_99 = 0. /* CLARKE COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 11210600200602 muni_99 = 0. /* MUSCOGEE COUNTY CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION .If id99 = 11210600200610 muni_99 = 0. /* MUSCOGEE COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 11212100100600 muni_99 = 0. /* AUGUSTA-RICHMOND COUNTY .If id99 = 11212100100602 muni_99 = 0. /* RICHMOND COUNTY CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION .If id99 = 15204900800601 muni_99 = 0. /* MARION COUNTY COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS CENTER .If id99 = 15204900800610 muni_99 = 0. /* MARION COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 16209701100620 muni_99 = 0. /* WOODBURY COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 17210500300610 muni_99 = 0. /* WYANDOTTE COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 18203400100601 muni_99 = 0. /* LEXINGTON-FAYETTE COUNTY JAIL DETENTION DIV .If id99 = 19202800400610 muni_99 = 0. /* LAFAYETTE PARISH JAIL .If id99 = 19203600100610 muni_99 = 0. /* NEW ORLEANS PARISH PRISON SYSTEM .If id99 = 21200400100600 muni_99 = 0. /* BALTIMORE CITY .If id99 = 22201300100600 muni_99 = 0. /* SUFFOLK COUNTY .If id99 = 27201200100610 muni_99 = 0. /* ANACONDA-DEER LODGE COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 27204700100610 muni_99 = 0. /* BUTTE-SILVER BOW COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 42201500500610 muni_99 = 0. /* CODINGTON COUNTY DETENTION CENTER .If id99 = 43206400100610 muni_99 = 0. /* MOORE COUNTY JAIL .If id99 = 51202200200610 muni_99 = 0. /* WASHAKIE COUNTY DETENTION CENTER .

*** "N" indicates number of facilities; "Sum" indicates total population

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=count_99 BY muni_99 /FORMAT=NOLIST TOTAL /TITLE='Jails by Type: Number of Facilities and Number of Inmate' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT SUM NPCT SPCT .

Summarize

209


Cases



COUNT_99 * MUNI_99 3084 73.3% 1122 26.7% 4206 100.0%

Jails by Type: Number of Facilities and Number of Inmate

COUNT_99

MUNI_99 N Sum % of Total N % of Total Sum

.00 2743 626832.00 88.9% 91.7%

1.00 341 56456.00 11.1% 8.3%

Total 3084 683288.00 100.0% 100.0%

*** FN 403 continued: These are nearly all quite small facilities —*** eighty-five percent of them have an average daily population under 100.

USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(muni_99 = 1).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ 'muni_99 = 1 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

EXAMINE VARIABLES=count_99 /PLOT NONE /PERCENTILES(25,50,75,80,85,86) HAVERAGE /STATISTICS NONE /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL.


Cases

Valid Missing Total


210

COUNT_99 341 100.0% 0 .0% 341 100.0%

Percentiles

Percentiles

25 50 75 80 85 86

Weighted Average(Definition 1) COUNT_99 4.0000 10.0000 35.5000 55.0000 95.1000 105.8400

Tukey's Hinges COUNT_99 4.0000 10.0000 33.0000

*** On any given day, forty percent [nearly half] the population housed*** in city jails nationally is in the enormous systems in New York City*** and Philadelphia. BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS, 1999 JAIL CENSUS,*** supra note 82 (analysis included in Schlanger, Technical Appendix,*** supra note 3).

*** AGAIN, the text above corrects for a (now-bracketed) mistake in the printed version.

*** GENERATE VARIABLES FOR:*** TOTAL NUMBER OF CITY JAIL INMATES IN FACILITIES OF EACH SIZE OR LESS (ctsum99)*** TOTAL NUMBER OF INMATES IN ALL CITY FACILITIES (cityc_99)*** PERCENTAGE OF ALL CITY JAIL INMATES IN FACILITIES OF EACH SIZE OR LESS (cper_99)

NUMERIC ctsum99 (F10.0).SORT CASES BY muni_99 (D) count_99 (D).IF $casenum = 1 ctsum99 = count_99.IF $casenum > 1 ctsum99 = count_99 + lag(ctsum99).SORT CASES BY muni_99 (D) count_99 (A).IF $casenum = 1 cityc_99 = ctsum99.IF $casenum > 1 cityc_99 = lag(cityc_99).COMPUTE cper_99 = ctsum99/cityc_99.DO IF (muni_99 = 0) .RECODE ctsum99 cityc_99 cper_99 (ELSE=SYSMIS) .END IF .SORT CASES BY muni_99 (D) count_99 (D).

*** PERCENTAGE OF INMATES IN FACILITIES OF EACH SIZE OR SMALLER

TEMPORARY.VARIABLE LABLES

count_99 "Inmate daily count, midyear 1999"cper_99 "Percentage of all city jail inmates in facilities of this size or larger" .

FORMATS count_99 adp_99 (F8.0).

211

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=facility count_99 cper_99 /FORMAT=VALIDLIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Jails by Type: Number of Facilities and Number of Inmate' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT .


Cases



FACILITY 341 100.0% 0 .0% 341 100.0%

Inmate daily count, midyear 1999 341 100.0% 0 .0% 341 100.0%

Percentage of all city jail inmates in facilities of this size or larger 341 100.0% 0 .0% 341 100.0%

Jails by Type: Number of Facilities and Number of Inmate

FACILITY

Inmate daily count,

midyear 1999

Percentage of all city jail inmates in

facilities of this size or larger

1 NEW YORK CITY 16321 .29

2 PHILADELPHIA CITY 6272 .40

3 JACKSONVILLE CITY 2882 .45

4 DENVER CITY JAIL 1814 .48

5 NASHVILLE-DAVIDSON METRO 1737 .51

6 RICHMOND CITY JAIL 1700 .54

7 D.C. DETENTION FACILITY 1653 .57

8 NORFOLK MUNICIPAL JAIL 1530 .60

9 EAST BATON ROUGE PRISON 1514 .63

10 ATLANTA CITY 1492 .65

11 VIRGINIA BEACH MUNICIPAL CORRECTIONAL CENTER 1144 .67

12 ST LOUIS CITY 998 .69

212

13 HAMPTON ROADS REGIONAL JAIL 846 .71

14 RAPPAHANNOCK REGIONAL JAIL 830 .72

15 ACWORTH CITY JAIL 775 .74

16 RIVERSIDE REGIONAL JAIL 700 .75

17 NORTH LAS VEGAS DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS 599 .76

18 TERREBONNE PARISH JAIL 556 .77

19 PORTSMOUTH CITY JAIL 554 .78

20 ALEXANDRIA CITY DETENTION CENTER 534 .79

21 CHESAPEAKE CITY JAIL 530 .80

22 ROANOKE CITY JAIL 529 .81

23 LAS VEGAS CITY DETENTION CENTER 521 .82

24 WESTERN TIDEWATER REGIONAL JAIL 466 .82

25 HOUSTON MUNICIPAL DETENTION CENTER 425 .83

26 BIRMINGHAM CITY JAIL 423 .84

27 NEWPORT NEWS CITY JAIL 419 .85

28 DAYTON HUMAN REHABILITATION CENTER 354 .85

29 KANSAS CITY CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION 328 .86

30 VIRGINIA PENINSULA REGIONAL JAIL 303 .86

31 HAMPTON CITY JAIL 300 .87

32 MONTGOMERY MUNICIPAL JAIL 285 .87

33 Cleveland House of Correction 275 .88

34 PETERSBURG CITY 234 .88

35 NEWPORT NEWS CITY PRISON FARM 228 .89

36 HENDERSON CITY JAIL 181 .89

37 DANVILLE CITY JAIL 170 .89

38 KENT CITY JAIL 170 .90

39 SOUTHSIDE REGIONAL JAIL 162 .90

40 OAKLAND CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT JAIL 156 .90

41 GRENADA CITY JAIL 156 .90

42 DANVILLE CITY PRISON FARM 140 .91

43 ADAMSVILLE CITY JAIL 129 .91

213

44 HUNTSVILLE CITY 124 .91

45 FORT LAUDERDALE MUNICIPAL JAIL 122 .91

46 SHREVEPORT CITY JAIL 116 .92

47 MONROE CITY JAIL 112 .92

48 ANDERSON CITY JAIL 105 .92

49 LONG BEACH CITY JAIL 98 .92

50 MARTINSVILLE CITY SHERIFFS DEPT. 98 .92

51 GREENVILLE CITY JAIL 96 .92

52 CARSON CITY JAIL 93 .93

53 DECATUR CITY JAIL 81 .93

54 BOSSIER CITY JAIL 80 .93

55 AUBURN CITY JAIL 77 .93

56 DOTHAN CITY JAIL 74 .93

57 MORGAN CITY JAIL 73 .93

58 BRISTOL CITY JAIL 72 .93

59 BEDFORD HEIGHTS CITY JAIL 70 .94

60 FAIRBURN CITY JAIL 68 .94

61 YAKIMA CITY JAIL 68 .94

62 WEST MONROE CORR CENTER 65 .94

63 IRVING CITY JAIL 63 .94

64 AMARILLO CITY JAIL 62 .94

65 EL MIRAGE CITY JAIL 60 .94

66 GREENWOOD CITY JAIL 59 .94

67 SMYRNA CITY JAIL 56 .94

68 EAST POINT CITY JAIL 55 .95

69 JOHNSON CITY JAIL 55 .95

70 BESSEMER CITY JAIL 51 .95

71 MIDDLETOWN CITY JAIL 49 .95

72 SUNNYSIDE CITY JAIL 49 .95

73 TOPPENISH CITY JAIL 49 .95

74 JENNINGS CITY JAIL 48 .95

75 ROSWELL CITY JAIL 47 .95

214

76 EUCLID CITY JAIL 47 .95

77 ANNISTON CITY JAIL 46 .95

78 ESPANOLA CITY JAIL 45 .95

79 PUYALLUP CITY JAIL 45 .95

80 ANAHEIM CITY JAIL 44 .96

81 PRICHARD CITY JAIL 43 .96

82 SHAWNEE CITY JAIL 41 .96

83 WAPATO CITY JAIL 39 .96

84 PELHAM MUNICIPAL JAIL 38 .96

85 FERGUSON CITY JAIL 38 .96

86 HOMEWOOD CITY JAIL 33 .96

87 KENNESAW CITY JAIL 33 .96

88 LAWTON CITY JAIL 32 .96

89 LYNNWOOD CITY JAIL 32 .96

90 OPELIKA CITY JAIL 31 .96

91 DAPHNE CITY JAIL 30 .96

92 MAUMELLE CITY JAIL 30 .96

93 FAYETTEVILLE CITY JAIL 30 .96

94 EAST CLEVELAND CITY JAIL 30 .96

95 MAPLE HEIGHTS CITY JAIL 30 .96

96 ABERDEEN CITY JAIL 30 .97

97 FAIRFIELD CITY JAIL 29 .97

98 BRINKLEY CITY JAIL 29 .97

99 ZANESVILLE CITY JAIL 29 .97

100 JENNINGS CITY JAIL 28 .97

101 YANKTON CITY JAIL 28 .97

102 MIDWEST CITY JAIL 27 .97

103 OSCEOLA CITY JAIL 26 .97

104 NATCHEZ CITY JAIL 26 .97

105 SELMA CITY JAIL 24 .97

106 POCAHONTAS CITY JAIL 24 .97

107 SULPHUR CITY JAIL 24 .97

215

108 HOBBS CITY JAIL 24 .97

109 KIRKLAND CITY JAIL 24 .97

110 CULLMAN CITY JAIL 23 .97

111 EUNICE CITY JAIL 23 .97

112 AMITE CITY JAIL 23 .97

113 GRAND PRAIRIE CITY JAIL 23 .97

114 FORKS CITY JAIL 23 .97

115 FORT PAYNE CITY JAIL 22 .97

116 AUBURN CITY JAIL 22 .97

117 OPELOUSAS CITY JAIL 22 .97

118 GALLUP CITY JAIL 22 .97

119 RAYNE CITY JAIL 21 .98

120 HAMMOND CITY JAIL 21 .98

121 GLENDALE CITY JAIL 20 .98

122 MARYSVILLE CITY JAIL 20 .98

123 OLYMPIA CITY JAIL 20 .98

124 SLIDELL CITY JAIL 19 .98

125 PICAYUNE CITY JAIL 19 .98

126 OAK HARBOR CITY JAIL 19 .98

127 MOSS POINT CITY JAIL 18 .98

128 PRATTVILLE CITY JAIL 17 .98

129 SYLACAUGA CITY JAIL 17 .98

130 OXFORD CITY JAIL 16 .98

131 HOOVER CITY JAIL 16 .98

132 TROY CITY JAIL 15 .98

133 ALEXANDER CITY JAIL 15 .98

134 WARREN CITY JAIL 15 .98

135 SPRINGDALE CITY JAIL 15 .98

136 GLENDORA CITY JAIL 15 .98

137 COSTA MESA CITY JAIL 15 .98

138 FAIRHOPE CITY JAIL 14 .98

139 RUSSELLVILLE CITY JAIL 14 .98

216

140 CROSSETT CITY JAIL 14 .98

141 WAYCROSS CITY JAIL 14 .98

142 LEESVILLE CITY JAIL 14 .98

143 LINCOLN PARK JAIL 14 .98

144 GARFIELD HEIGHTS CITY JAIL 14 .98

145 HOQUIAM CITY JAIL 14 .98

146 SCOTTSBORO CITY JAIL 13 .98

147 NASHVILLE CITY JAIL 13 .98

148 BASTROP CITY JAIL 13 .98

149 TRENTON CITY JAIL 13 .98

150 BRIGHTON CITY JAIL 12 .98

151 ALBERTVILLE CITY JAIL 12 .98

152 ARAB CITY JAIL 12 .98

153 KOTZEBUE CITY JAIL 12 .98

154 BARROW CITY JAIL 12 .98

155 LAKE VILLAGE CITY JAIL 12 .99

156 CAPE GIRARDEAU CITY JAIL 12 .99

157 BELTON CITY JAIL 12 .99

158 ARTESIA CITY JAIL 12 .99

159 LAKEWOOD CITY JAIL 12 .99

160 ENID CITY JAIL 12 .99

161 PONCA CITY JAIL 12 .99

162 HUEYTOWN CITY JAIL 11 .99

163 BOAZ CITY JAIL 11 .99

164 ROANOKE CITY JAIL 11 .99

165 VILLE PLATTE JAIL 11 .99

166 CORINTH CITY JAIL 11 .99

167 WINNER CITY JAIL 11 .99

168 ENUMCLAW CITY JAIL 11 .99

169 FOLEY CITY JAIL 10 .99

170 TALLASSEE CITY JAIL 10 .99

171 TALLADEGA CITY JAIL 10 .99

217

172 VALDEZ CITY JAIL 10 .99

173 HAZELWOOD CITY JAIL 10 .99

174 ADA CITY JAIL 10 .99

175 SUMITON CITY JAIL 9 .99

176 BLYTHEVILLE CITY JAIL 9 .99

177 MONTEREY PARK CITY JAIL 9 .99

178 OAKDALE CITY JAIL 9 .99

179 NORTH KANSAS CITY JAIL 9 .99

180 LEES SUMMIT CITY JAIL 9 .99

181 STRONGSVILLE CITY JAIL 9 .99

182 ANADARKO CITY JAIL 9 .99

183 ALTUS CITY JAIL 9 .99

184 GRANDVIEW CITY JAIL 9 .99

185 PIEDMONT CITY JAIL 8 .99

186 JACKSON CITY JAIL 8 .99

187 ATTALLA CITY JAIL 8 .99

188 TARRANT CITY JAIL 8 .99

189 ATHENS CITY JAIL 8 .99

190 KODIAK CITY JAIL 8 .99

191 NEWNAN CITY JAIL 8 .99

192 ALPHARETTA CITY JAIL 8 .99

193 CUTHBERT CITY JAIL 8 .99

194 MAMOU CITY JAIL 8 .99

195 SMITHVILLE CITY JAIL 8 .99

196 FOREST HILLS CITY JAIL 8 .99

197 BUCKLEY CITY JAIL 8 .99

198 BLUEFIELD CITY JAIL 8 .99

199 CHICKASAW CITY JAIL 7 .99

200 SARALAND CITY JAIL 7 .99

201 CHILDERSBURG CITY JAIL 7 .99

202 CABOT CITY JAIL 7 .99

203 LOS BANOS CITY JAIL 7 .99

218

204 SYLVANIA CITY JAIL 7 .99

205 HOLLANDALE CITY JAIL 7 .99

206 DONIPHAN CITY JAIL 7 .99

207 HURST CITY JAIL 7 .99

208 CLIFTON FORGE CITY JAIL 7 .99

209 SHEFFIELD CITY JAIL 6 .99

210 HANCEVILLE CITY JAIL 6 .99

211 MIDFIELD CITY JAIL 6 .99

212 TRUSSVILLE CITY JAIL 6 .99

213 BAYOU LA BATRE CITY JAIL 6 .99

214 HALEYVILLE CITY JAIL 6 .99

215 DILLINGHAM CITY JAIL 6 .99

216 DUMAS CITY JAIL 6 .99

217 WINNFIELD CITY JAIL 6 .99

218 COLLINS TOWN JAIL 6 .99

219 LIBERTY CITY JAIL 6 .99

220 GRANDVIEW CITY JAIL 6 .99

221 LUFKIN CITY JAIL 6 .99

222 Goodwater City Jail 5 1.00

223 GRAYSVILLE CITY JAIL 5 1.00

224 GUNTERSVILLE CITY JAIL 5 1.00

225 HARTSELLE CITY JAIL 5 1.00

226 ALABASTER CITY JAIL 5 1.00

227 PATTERSON CITY JAIL 5 1.00

228 SCOTT CITY JAIL 5 1.00

229 BEACHWOOD CITY JAIL 5 1.00

230 BROOKLYN CITY JAIL 5 1.00

231 NORTH ROYALTON CITY JAIL 5 1.00

232 ELK CITY JAIL 5 1.00

233 SEMINOLE CITY JAIL 5 1.00

234 MULDROW CITY JAIL 5 1.00

235 BROKEN ARROW CITY JAIL 5 1.00

219

236 JUNCTION CITY JAIL 5 1.00

237 CHELAN CITY JAIL 5 1.00

238 OPP CITY JAIL 4 1.00

239 LUVERNE CITY JAIL 4 1.00

240 FULTONDALE CITY JAIL 4 1.00

241 GARDENDALE CITY JAIL 4 1.00

242 Pleasant Grove City Jail 4 1.00

243 WARRIOR CITY JAIL 4 1.00

244 HOMER CITY JAIL 4 1.00

245 PETERSBURG CITY JAIL 4 1.00

246 SILOAM SPRINGS CITY JAIL 4 1.00

247 MARIANNA CITY JAIL 4 1.00

248 GROVETOWN CITY JAIL 4 1.00

249 ELBERTON CITY JAIL 4 1.00

250 LILBURN CITY JAIL 4 1.00

251 VINTON CITY JAIL 4 1.00

252 HOLLY SPRINGS CITY JAIL 4 1.00

253 LELAND CITY JAIL 4 1.00

254 TRENTON CITY JAIL 4 1.00

255 ARNOLD MUNICIPAL CITY JAIL 4 1.00

256 CARUTHERSVILLE CITY JAIL 4 1.00

257 UNION CITY JAIL 4 1.00

258 CLINTON CITY JAIL 4 1.00

259 CARROLLTON CITY JAIL 4 1.00

260 ARANSAS PASS CITY JAIL 4 1.00

261 ORANGE BEACH CITY JAIL 3 1.00

262 COLLINSVILLE CITY JAIL 3 1.00

263 HENAGAR CITY JAIL 3 1.00

264 IRONDALE CITY JAIL 3 1.00

265 CITRONELLE CITY JAIL 3 1.00

266 MT. VERNON CITY JAIL 3 1.00

267 CORDOVA CITY JAIL 3 1.00

220

268 UNALASKA CITY JAIL 3 1.00

269 SITKA CITY JAIL 3 1.00

270 WRANGELL CITY JAIL 3 1.00

271 TOLLESON CITY JAIL 3 1.00

272 MILLEDGEVILLE CITY JAIL 3 1.00

273 ADEL CITY JAIL 3 1.00

274 HAHIRA CITY JAIL 3 1.00

275 MANCHESTER CITY JAIL 3 1.00

276 FLAT ROCK JAIL 3 1.00

277 NORTH OLMSTED CITY JAIL 3 1.00

278 NILES CITY JAIL 3 1.00

279 CARNEGIE CITY JAIL 3 1.00

280 ROLAND CITY JAIL 3 1.00

281 KEMAH CITY JAIL 3 1.00

282 KELLER CITY JAIL 3 1.00

283 JACKSONVILLE CITY JAIL 2 1.00

284 STEVENSON CITY JAIL 2 1.00

285 LINCOLN CITY JAIL 2 1.00

286 SEWARD CITY JAIL 2 1.00

287 WINDER CITY JAIL 2 1.00

288 POWDER SPRINGS CITY JAIL 2 1.00

289 GLENNVILLE CITY JAIL 2 1.00

290 LUMBER CITY JAIL 2 1.00

291 SANDERSVILLE CITY JAIL 2 1.00

292 GALENA CITY JAIL 2 1.00

293 OAKLEY CITY JAIL 2 1.00

294 MIDDLEBURG CITY JAIL 2 1.00

295 IDABEL CITY JAIL 2 1.00

296 CLEVELAND CITY JAIL 2 1.00

297 FREEPORT CITY JAIL 2 1.00

298 RAINSVILLE CITY JAIL 1 1.00

299 LEEDS CITY JAIL 1 1.00

221

300 LIPSCOMB CITY JAIL 1 1.00

301 SATSUMA CITY JAIL 1 1.00

302 MARION CITY JAIL 1 1.00

303 MONTEVALLO CITY JAIL 1 1.00

304 CRAIG CITY JAIL 1 1.00

305 BOWDON CITY JAIL 1 1.00

306 CLAXTON CITY JAIL 1 1.00

307 DEQUINCY CITY JAIL 1 1.00

308 JONESVILLE TOWN JAIL N. 1 1.00

309 VERONA CITY JAIL 1 1.00

310 AURORA CITY JAIL 1 1.00

311 MAYFIELD HEIGHTS CITY JAIL 1 1.00

312 WEATHERFORD CITY JAIL 1 1.00

313 PRAGUE CITY JAIL 1 1.00

314 EUFAULA CITY JAIL 1 1.00

315 COTTAGE GROVE CITY JAIL 1 1.00

316 CROSSVILLE CITY JAIL 0 1.00

317 BREWTON CITY JAIL 0 1.00

318 EUTAW CITY JAIL 0 1.00

319 BROOKSIDE CITY JAIL 0 1.00

320 KIMBERLY CITY JAIL 0 1.00

321 MOUNTAIN BROOK CITY JAIL 0 1.00

322 CARBON HILL CITY JAIL 0 1.00

323 HAINES CITY JAIL 0 1.00

324 CORDOVA CITY JAIL 0 1.00

325 MONTE VISTA CITY JAIL 0 1.00

326 JACKSON CITY JAIL 0 1.00

327 GORDON CITY JAIL 0 1.00

328 MONTPELIER CITY JAIL 0 1.00

329 WELSH CITY JAIL 0 1.00

330 DREW CITY JAIL 0 1.00

331 BUTLER CITY JAIL 0 1.00

222

332 WEST PLAINS CITY JAIL 0 1.00

333 CARTHAGE CITY JAIL 0 1.00

334 JAL CITY JAIL 0 1.00

335 SALEM CITY JAIL 0 1.00

336 HIGHLAND HEIGHTS CITY JAIL 0 1.00

337 BRISTOW CITY JAIL 0 1.00

338 DRUMRIGHT CITY JAIL 0 1.00

339 CHECOTAH CITY JAIL 0 1.00

340 MYRTLE CREEK CITY JAIL 0 1.00

341 ATHENS CITY JAIL 0 1.00

Total N 341 341 341

*15. note 444: Inmate civil rights trials before judges and juries

*** FN 444: Note, however, that a significant percentage of inmate litigation*** trials occur before judges. See Schlanger, Technical Appendix, supra note 3.


MISSING VALUE trialsum (0).MISSING VALUE nos2 (0).

CROSSTABS /TABLES=trfiscal BY trialsum BY nos2 /FORMAT= AVALUE TABLES /CELLS= COUNT ROW.


Cases

Valid Missing Total


fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW) * Nature of trial summary (NEW) * Nature of suit summary (NEW)

16951 1.4% 1175946 98.6% 1192897 100.0%

223

fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW) * Nature of trial summary (NEW) * Nature of suit summary (NEW) Crosstabulation


Nature of trial summary (NEW)

TotalJury

trial (1)

Bench trial (2)


fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW) 1975

Count 0 1 1

% within fiscal year of termination (Oct 1 - Sept 30) (NEW)

.0% 100.0% 100.0%

1977

Count 0 3 3


.0% 100.0% 100.0%

1978

Count 12 51 63


19.0% 81.0% 100.0%

1979

Count 91 224 315


28.9% 71.1% 100.0%

1980

Count 100 289 389


25.7% 74.3% 100.0%

1981

Count 124 433 557


22.3% 77.7% 100.0%

1982

Count 165 526 691


23.9% 76.1% 100.0%

1983 Count 200 513 713

% within fiscal year of termination (Oct 1

28.1% 71.9% 100.0%

224

- Sept 30) (NEW)

1984

Count 231 544 775


29.8% 70.2% 100.0%

1985

Count 183 416 599


30.6% 69.4% 100.0%

1986

Count 255 530 785


32.5% 67.5% 100.0%

1987

Count 300 449 749


40.1% 59.9% 100.0%

1988

Count 309 521 830


37.2% 62.8% 100.0%

1989

Count 316 572 888


35.6% 64.4% 100.0%

1990

Count 320 488 808


39.6% 60.4% 100.0%

1991

Count 293 432 725


40.4% 59.6% 100.0%

1992

Count 370 530 900


41.1% 58.9% 100.0%

1993 Count 320 514 834

225


38.4% 61.6% 100.0%

1994

Count 429 571 1000


42.9% 57.1% 100.0%

1995

Count 374 616 990


37.8% 62.2% 100.0%

1996

Count 434 594 1028


42.2% 57.8% 100.0%

1997

Count 428 498 926


46.2% 53.8% 100.0%

1998

Count 396 323 719


55.1% 44.9% 100.0%

1999

Count 373 231 604


61.8% 38.2% 100.0%

2000

Count 355 217 572


62.1% 37.9% 100.0%

2001

Count 278 209 487


57.1% 42.9% 100.0%

Total

Count 6656 10295 16951


39.3% 60.7% 100.0%

226

*16. note 492: Districts not in PACER and their percentage of terminations in 2000

*** FN 492: The PACER website lists all districts as participants except: Southern*** District of New York, District of Alaska, District of Idaho, District of Montana,*** District of New Mexico, Eastern District of Oklahoma, District of the Northern*** Mariana Islands, District for the Virgin Islands. See id. These districts see*** only six percent of the federal district court docket. See Schlanger, Technical*** Appendix, supra note 3.

*** % of all cases WITHOUT HABEAS


*** Southern District of New York (8),*** District of Alaska (7.8),*** District of Idaho (76),*** District of Montana (77),*** District of New Mexico (84),*** Eastern District of Oklahoma (86),*** District of the Northern Mariana Islands (94),*** District for the Virgin Islands (91).

COMPUTE PACER = 1.RECODE distnum (8, 7.8, 76, 77, 84, 86, 94, 91= 0) into PACER.

*** FILTER OUT HABEAS ETC. BY CODING THOSE Nature of Suits as missing

RECODE nos (510 thru 540 = SYSMIS) into PACER.

FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=pacer /ORDER= ANALYSIS .

Frequencies Statistics

Availability in PACER (as of 2003)

NValid 228210

Missing 31427

Availability in PACER (as of 2003)

227

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid

Not available (0) 16916 6.5 7.4 7.4

Available (1) 211294 81.4 92.6 100.0

Total 228210 87.9 100.0

Missing System 31427 12.1

Total 259637 100.0

*17. Data Appendix, section B.3: Federal vs. nonfederal inmates

*** Each year there are thousands upon thousands of cases*** in the inmate civil rights docket classified as federal question*** cases (that is, as nonfederal defendant cases) that are, quite to the*** contrary, filed against federal defendants. To try to get a more accurate*** count, I wrote code to do the following: First, I listed all the entries in*** the “ defendant” field for all cases actually coded as “ federal defendant”*** cases. Then I went through them, one by one, and categorized them*** as “ certainly federal” and “ ambiguous.” For example, I classified the*** defendant field “ U.S. Attorney General” as the former, but the defen-dant*** “ Attorney General” as the latter. I was very conservative in this*** classification, not wanting to inflate my federal defendant count with*** nonfederal cases. Next, I wrote code to flag cases coded as “ federal*** question” if their defendant field was identical to one of the several*** hundred I had labeled “ certainly federal.” This operation flagged quite*** a few habeas cases, adding less than 1% to the federal inmate habeas*** docket each year in the early 1970s; 1– 3% each year from 1976 to*** 1985; and 3– 9% (6% on average) each year from 1986 to present. The*** effect was far greater for civil rights cases. The recoding increased the*** federal defendant inmate civil rights docket tally by 1– 4% each year in*** the early seventies, by 4– 8% from 1976 to 1985, and by 16– 34% (25%*** on average) from 1986 to the present.

*** THE CODE TO CREATE THE VARIABLE USnew is included in the section of this*** technical appendix creating the overall file.

*** The code below produces the analysis of how much this new variable contributes


USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(seqsum = 0).VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ 'seqsum = 0 (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

228

RECODE jurisum (0 = 2) (1 = 0) into usnew2.RECODE USNEW (1, 2 = 1) into usnew2.

VALUE LABELSUSNEW2 2 "non-US defendant" 0 "AO coded federal defendant" 1 "Newly coded federal defendant".

MISSING VALUE usnew2 (2).

AGGREGATE /OUTFILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\New_and_old_fed.sav' /BREAK=origfy nos2 /allfed = NU(usnew2) /Newfed = SUM(usnew2).

GET FILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\New_and_old_fed.sav'.

FILTER OFF.USE ALL.SELECT IF(origfy > 1969).

RECODE newfed (SYSMIS = 0) .COMPUTE oldfed = allfed-newfed.COMPUTE nper = newfed/oldfed*100.

FORMATS oldfed newfed (F6.0) nper (pct7.1).EXECUTE.

SORT CASES BY origfy.

CASESTOVARS /ID = origfy /GROUPBY = INDEX .

Cases to Variables Generated Variables

Original Variable Result

Name Label

Nature of suit summary (NEW) 1 NOS2.1 NOS2.1: Nature of suit summary (NEW)

229

2 NOS2.2 NOS2.2: Nature of suit summary (NEW)

ALLFED1 ALLFED.1

2 ALLFED.2

OLDFED1 OLDFED.1

2 OLDFED.2

NPER1 NPER.1

2 NPER.2

NEWFED1 NEWFED.1

2 NEWFED.2

Processing Statistics

Cases In 64

Cases Out 32

Cases In/Cases Out 2.0

Variables In 6

Variables Out 11

Index Values 2

RENAME VARIABLES (allfed.1 = allfed_h) (oldfed.1 = oldfed_h)(newfed.1 = newfed_h) (nper.1 = nper_h)

(allfed.2 = allfed_c) (oldfed.2 = oldfed_c)(newfed.2 = newfed_c) (nper.2 = nper_c).

VARIABLE LABLESallfed_h "AO + new federal, habeas"oldfed_h "AO federal, habeas"newfed_h "Newly coded as federal, habeas"nper_h "% added to AO federal cases, habeas"allfed_c "AO + new federal, civil rights"oldfed_c "AO federal, civil rights"newfed_c "Newly coded as federal, civil rights"nper_c "% added to AO federal cases, civil rights"

.

MATCH FILES FILE = */DROP nos2.1 nos2.2.

SAVE OUTFILE='D:\TechnicalAppendix\New_and_old_fed.sav' /COMPRESSED.

230

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=origfy newfed_h oldfed_h nper_h newfed_c oldfed_c nper_c /FORMAT=LIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT .


Cases



Fiscal year of earliest known filing (NEW) 32 100.0% 0 .0% 32 100.0%

Newly coded as federal, habeas 32 100.0% 0 .0% 32 100.0%

AO federal, habeas 32 100.0% 0 .0% 32 100.0%

% added to AO federal cases, habeas 32 100.0% 0 .0% 32 100.0%

Newly coded as federal, civil rights 32 100.0% 0 .0% 32 100.0%

AO federal, civil rights 32 100.0% 0 .0% 32 100.0%

% added to AO federal cases, civil rights 32 100.0% 0 .0% 32 100.0%

Case Summaries

Fiscal year of earliest

known filing

(NEW)

Newly coded as federal, habeas

AO federal, habeas

% added to AO federal cases,

habeas

Newly coded as federal,

civil rights

AO federal,

civil rights

% added to AO federal cases, civil

rights

1 1970 4 3869 .1% 4 152 2.6%

2 1971 10 3668 .3% 7 207 3.4%

3 1972 17 3711 .5% 6 241 2.5%

4 1973 18 4045 .4% 5 408 1.2%

5 1974 31 4208 .7% 16 387 4.1%

6 1975 31 4362 .7% 12 507 2.4%

7 1976 54 3802 1.4% 22 393 5.6%

8 1977 54 4226 1.3% 21 504 4.2%

231

9 1978 43 3966 1.1% 28 567 4.9%

10 1979 34 3518 1.0% 24 563 4.3%

11 1980 20 2949 .7% 26 582 4.5%

12 1981 53 3189 1.7% 31 788 3.9%

13 1982 86 3289 2.6% 41 733 5.6%

14 1983 63 3482 1.8% 43 723 5.9%

15 1984 71 3547 2.0% 54 869 6.2%

16 1985 120 5193 2.3% 60 825 7.3%

17 1986 194 3470 5.6% 114 704 16.2%

18 1987 252 3677 6.9% 119 655 18.2%

19 1988 304 4005 7.6% 147 774 19.0%

20 1989 299 4408 6.8% 141 926 15.2%

21 1990 377 5624 6.7% 167 1023 16.3%

22 1991 301 5183 5.8% 191 785 24.3%

23 1992 433 5815 7.4% 207 822 25.2%

24 1993 360 7202 5.0% 214 851 25.1%

25 1994 365 6278 5.8% 349 1044 33.4%

26 1995 318 7509 4.2% 318 1030 30.9%

27 1996 337 11457 2.9% 297 1135 26.2%

28 1997 350 13457 2.6% 250 871 28.7%

29 1998 505 8490 5.9% 248 912 27.2%

30 1999 820 9333 8.8% 267 872 30.6%

31 2000 865 10321 8.4% 226 960 23.5%

32 2001 768 12987 5.9% 317 916 34.6%

Total N 32 32 32 32 32 32 32

*** TO GET THE AVERAGES, NEED EITHER TO AGGREGATE FURTHER, OR FLIP THE FILE.

FLIP.

FLIP performed on 32 cases and 9 variables, creating 9 casesand 33 variables. The working file has been replaced.

A new variable has been created called CASE_LBL. Its

232

contents are the old variable names.

New variable names:

CASE_LBL VAR001 VAR002 VAR003 VAR004 VAR005 VAR006VAR007 VAR008 VAR009 VAR010 VAR011 VAR012 VAR013VAR014 VAR015 VAR016 VAR017 VAR018 VAR019 VAR020VAR021 VAR022 VAR023 VAR024 VAR025 VAR026 VAR027VAR028 VAR029 VAR030 VAR031 VAR032

COMPUTE average = mean(var017 to var032).

USE ALL.COMPUTE filter_$=(case_lbl = "NPER_H" | case_lbl = "NPER_C").VARIABLE LABEL filter_$ 'case_lbl = "NPER_H" | case_lbl = "NPER_C" (FILTER)'.VALUE LABELS filter_$ 0 'Not Selected' 1 'Selected'.FORMAT filter_$ (f1.0).FILTER BY filter_$.

VARIABLE LABELS case_lbl "Type of action" .

TEMPORARY.VARIABLE LABELS average "Average percentage added by recode, 1986-2001".VALUE LABLES case_lbl "NPER_H" "collateral criminal review"

"NPER_C" "inmate civil rights" .FORMATS average (pct7.1).

SUMMARIZE /TABLES=case_lbl average /FORMAT=LIST NOCASENUM TOTAL /TITLE='Case Summaries' /MISSING=VARIABLE /CELLS=COUNT .


Cases



233

Type of action 2 100.0% 0 .0% 2 100.0%

Average percentage added by recode, 1986-2001 2 100.0% 0 .0% 2 100.0%

Case Summaries

Type of action Average percentage added by recode, 1986-2001

1 collateral criminal review 6.0%

2 inmate civil rights 24.7%

Total N 2 2

234

*margo schlanger, inmate litigation, 116 harv · web view*2. notes 58 & 60: inmate litigation...

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margo schlanger, inmate litigation, 116 harv · web view2. notes 58 & 60: inmate litigation...