march 05, 2011 word assesment phase a, b, c, d

8/7/2019 March 05, 2011 Word Assesment Phase A, B, C, D

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Remarks of President Barack Obama

As Prepared for Delivery

Miami, Florida

March 5, 2011

I¶m talking with you from Miami, Florida, where I¶m visiting Miami Central High School, aschool that¶s turning itself around on behalf of its kids. And I came here with Jeb Bush, former governor of this state, because he and I share the view that education isn¶t a partisan issue ± it¶san American issue.

But in a larger sense, this is a moment when we¶ve all got to do what the students and teachersare doing here. We¶ve got to step up our game.

Our top priority right now has to be creating new jobs and opportunities in a fiercely competitiveworld. And this week, we received very good news on that front. We learned that theunemployment rate has fallen to its lowest level in nearly two years as our economy added

another 222,000 private sector jobs last month.

Now, we have a lot more work to do, not just for the Americans who still don¶t have a job, butfor the millions more who still don¶t have the right job or all the work they need to live out theAmerican Dream. But the progress we¶re seeing says something about the determination andingenuity of our people and our businesses. What¶s also helping to fuel this economic growthare the tax cuts that Democrats and Republicans came together to pass in December and I signedinto law ± tax cuts that are already making Americans¶ paychecks bigger and allowingbusinesses to write off their investments, freeing up more money for job creation.

Just as both parties cooperated on tax relief that is now fueling job growth, we need to come

together around a budget that cuts spending without slowing our economic momentum. We needa government that lives within its means without sacrificing job-creating investments ineducation, innovation, and infrastructure.

The budget I sent to Congress makes these investments, but it also includes a 5-year spendingfreeze, and it will reduce our deficits by $1 trillion over the next decade. In fact, the cuts I¶veproposed would bring annual domestic spending to its lowest share of the economy under anypresident in more than 50 years.

Over the last few weeks, Members of Congress have been debating their own proposals. And Iwas pleased that Democrats and Republicans in Congress came together a few days ago and

passed a plan to cut spending and keep the government running for two more weeks. Still, wecan¶t do business two weeks at a time. It¶s not responsible, and it threatens the progress our economy has been making. We¶ve got to keep that momentum going.

We need to come together, Democrats and Republicans, around a long-term budget thatsacrifices wasteful spending without sacrificing the job-creating investments in our future. Myadministration has already put forward specific cuts that meet congressional Republicanshalfway. And I¶m prepared to do more. But we¶ll only finish the job together ± by sitting at the



same table, working out our differences, and finding common ground. That¶s why I¶ve askedVice President Biden and members of my Administration to meet with leaders of Congress goingforward.

Getting our fiscal house in order can¶t just be something we use as cover to do away with things

we dislike politically. And it can¶t just be about how much we cut. It¶s got to be about how wecut and how we invest. We¶ve got to be smart about it. Because if we cut back on the kids I¶vemet here and their education, for example, we¶d be risking the future of an entire generation of Americans. And there¶s nothing responsible about that.

We¶ve got to come together to put America back on a fiscally sustainable course ± and makesure that when it comes to the economy of the 21st century, our children and our country arebetter-prepared than anyone else in the world to take it on. Our future depends on it. That¶s nota Democratic or a Republican challenge ± that¶s an American challenge. And I¶m confident it¶sone we¶ll meet. Thanks for listening.

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE A START OF]

I¶m talking with you from Miami, Florida, where I¶m visiting Miami Central High School, a

school that¶s turning itself around on behalf of its kids.

I [] pronoun first person singular: a pronoun used by a speaker or writer to

refer to himself or herself (as the subject of a verb)

[ Old English ic < Indo-European]

[15th century. < pro-1

+ noun, after French

pronom, Latin

pronomen "something

n place of a name" <

nomen "name"]

[12th century. < Old Norse kið][Pre-12th century. < Latin tornare "turn on a lathe" <tornus "lathe" < Greek

tornos]

[Pre-12th century. Via Latin schola <Greek skhol "learned discussion,

school"]



And I came here with Jeb Bush, former governor of this state, because he and I share the viewthat education isn¶t a partisan issue ± it¶s an American issue.


Our top priority right now has to be creating new jobs and opportunities in a fiercelycompetitive world. And this week , we received very good news on that front.

y [ Old English þis, þes < Indo-European][12th century. <Old Englishforma "first" <Germanic + Er]

[12th century. Directly or via French < Latin status "way of standing, condition" (as in status rei publicae "condition of therepublic")]

[13th century. < Old French < Latin exitus, past participle of exire (seeexit)][Mid-16th century. < modern Latin

Americanus < America]

[12th century. Via French < Latin larga, form of largus"abundant"]

[Mid-18th century. < Italian][ Old English stæpe <

Germanic, "to tread"]

[ Old English nu < Indo-European][13th century. Via Anglo-Norman< late Latin cadentia "falling" <present participle of Latin cadere"to fall"]

[ Old English wice < Germanic, "series, succession"]



We learned that the unemployment rate has fallen to its lowest level in nearly two years as our economy added another 222,000 private sector jobs last month.

Now, we have a lot more work to do, not just for the Americans who still don¶t have a job, butfor the millions more who still don¶t have the right job or all the work they need to live out theAmerican Dream.

But the progress we¶re seeing says something about the determination and ingenuity of our people and our businesses.

What¶s also helping to fuel this economic growth are the tax cuts that Democrats andRepublicans came together to pass in December and I signed into law ± tax cuts that are alreadymaking Americans¶ paychecks bigger and allowing businesses to write off their investments,freeing up more money for job creation.

[ Old English leornian < Indo-European, "track"]

[15th century. Via French < medieval Latin (pro) rata (parte) "(according to a) fixed(part)" < Latin ratus, past participle of reri

"calculate"]

[ Old English læstan "last, follow" < Germanic]y make something happen: to direct or

cause somebody to do something, or cause

something to happen

y If you see him tomorrow, have him call

me. [ Old English stille < Indo-European, "stayput"]

[ Old English libban, lifian < Indo-European, "to stick"]

[15th century. < Latin progressus, past participle of progredi "go forward" < gradi "to walk"]

[ Old English helpan < Germanic]

[14th century. Via Old French allouer <Latin allaudare "to praise" and medieval

Latin allocare "assign" (see allocate)]



Just as both parties cooperated on tax relief that is now fueling job growth, we need to cometogether around a budget that cuts spending without slowing our economic momentum.

We need a government that lives within its means without sacrificing job-creating investmentsin education, innovation, and infrastructure.

The budget I sent to Congress makes these investments, but it also includes a 5-year spendingfreeze, and it will reduce our deficits by $1 trillion over the next decade.

In fact, the cuts I¶ve proposed would bring annual domestic spending to its lowest share of theeconomy under any president in more than 50 years.

[14th century. Via French < Latin justus < jus "law,right"]

13th century. Via French <Latin taxare "censure,ssess" < tangere "to ouch"]

[ Old English n(o)d < Indo-European]

[Late 16th century. Directly or viaFrench < Latin oeconomicus < Greekoikonomikos < oikonomos (seeeconomy)]

[13th century. < assumed Old

English cytan]

[ Old English n(o)d < Indo-European]

[13th century. Via French < Latin sacrificium

"making sacred" < sacr- "sacred"]nowledge: the knowledge or abilities gained

rough being educated

[ Old English sendan < Germanic, "cause to go"]

[ Old English macian < Indo-European,

"kneading"]

[15th century. < Latin factum "deed" < fact-, past

participle of facere "do, make"]

furthermore or besides: used to add a further piece

of information that supports a previous statement



Over the last few weeks, Members of Congress have been debating their own proposals.

And I was pleased that Democrats and Republicans in Congress came together a few days agoand passed a plan to cut spending and keep the government running for two more weeks.

Still, we can¶t do business two weeks at a time. It¶s not responsible, and it threatens the progressour economy has been making. We¶ve got to keep that momentum going.

We need to come together, Democrats and Republicans, around a long-term budget thatsacrifices wasteful spending without sacrificing the job-creating investments in our future. My

y [ Old English ofer < Indo-European]

y [ Old English bon, via Germanic, "exist, dwell" < Indo-European, "exist, grow"]

[14th century. Via Old French plaisir < Latin placere]

y offensive term: an offensive term for a man's

semen (slang)

[Late 17th century. < French, "ground plan,"alteration (after plan "flat") of plant < Latin plantare (see plant)]

[Pre-12th century. Partly <Latin expendere "pay" (seeexpend); partly < OldFrench despendre "expend"< Latin dispendere (see

dispense)] [ Old English tw < Indo-European]

[ Old English tma "period of time" <Germanic, "extend"]

[ Old English cpan "take, observe," origin ?]

y [ Old English tgædere < to "to" +

Germanic, "joined together"]

y [13th century. < a-1 "on" +

round

1

, probably after Old French ala reond "in the round,roundabout"]

[ Old English wiþ "with, against" < Indo-European, "apart"]



administration has already put forward specific cuts that meet congressional Republicanshalfway. And I¶m prepared to do more.

But we¶ll only finish the job together ± by sitting at the same table, working out our differences,and finding common ground.

That¶s why I¶ve asked Vice President Biden and members of my Administration to meet withleaders of Congress going forward.

Getting our fiscal house in order can¶t just be something we use as cover to do away with thingswe dislike politically.

[Mid-16th century. < Latin administrat-, pastparticiple of administrare (see administer)]

[15th century. Directly or via French < Latin

praeparare "make ready beforehand" < parare"make ready"]

[Mid-16th century.Origin ?]

[13th century. Via French < Latin communis]

[14th century. Via French membre <

Latin membrum "limb, part"]

[Mid-16th century. < Latin administrat-, past

participle of administrare (see administer)]

[ Old English ldan <Germanic]

[Mid-16th century. Directly or via French< Latin fiscalis < fiscus "rush basket,

purse, treasury"]

[13th century. Via French ordre < Latin ordin-,

stem of ordo]

[15th century. Via French and Latin < Greekpolitikos "civic, political" < polits "citizen" < polis"city"]



And it can¶t just be about how much we cut. It¶s got to be about how we cut and how we

invest. We¶ve got to be smart about it.

Because if we cut back on the kids I¶ve met here and their education, for example, we¶d berisking the future of an entire generation of Americans.

And there¶s nothing responsible about that.

We¶ve got to come together to put America back on a fiscally sustainable course ± and makesure that when it comes to the economy of the 21st century, our children and our country arebetter-prepared than anyone else in the world to take it on.

y [ Old English onbtan "on or around the

outside of" < on (see on) + btan (see but)][ Old English w < Indo-

European]

[ Old English smeortan "be painful" origin ?]

[13th century. Via French < Latin poena"penalty, punishment" < Greek poin "penalty"]

[ Old English scearp < Indo-

European, "to cut"]

[ Old English bæc < Germanic]

y [ Old English hr < Indo-

European, "this"]

[Early 16th century. < Latin generat-,past participle of generare "beget" <enus "race birth"

authority to act: authority to make

decisions independently

[Assumed Old English putian, origin ?]

[ Old English cild][ Old English woruld "human existence, age, Earth" <Germanic, "age of man"]



Our future depends on it. That¶s not a Democratic or a Republican challenge ± that¶s an

American challenge.

And I¶m confident it¶s one we¶ll meet. Thanks for listening.

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE A END OF]

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE B START OF]

I¶m talking with you from Miami, Florida, where I¶m visiting Miami Central High School, a

school that¶s turning itself around on behalf of its kids.

[14th century. Via French < Latin futurus "going to be"]

[14th century. Contraction of nought]

[14th century. Contraction of nought]

[Late 16th century. Via French < Latin confident-,

present participle of confidere (see confide)]

[ Old English hlysnan (influenced by

list4) < Indo-European, "hear"]

'THE Mythology of Ancient Britain and Ireland.'

This title will possibly at first sight suggest to

the reader who has been brought up to consider himself essentially an Anglo-Saxon only a fewdim memories of Tiw, of Woden, of Thunor (Thor), and of Frig, those Saxon deities who havebequeathed to us the names of four of the days of our week.1

This simple statement may seem very ordinary; itis exactly what we would expect an historian to doThis is what is surprising: the first Westernhistorian whose work has come to down to usin any detail demonstrates a self-conscious role inrelation to posterity, i.e. the preservation of an understanding of the past for present and futurgenerations.

That is what happened, for example, in theancient Greek city-states in the eighthcentury bc. (b) A larger state with many citiessplits up, and each city in it becomes a self-governing unit. That is how the Chinese city-states came into existence in the Spring-and-Autumn period, 771±481 bc. (c) Animmigrant people settles itself into citystates,or city-states arise shortly after Colonisation.That happened in the Azteccity-states in Mexico c. ad 1200.





Our top priority right now has to be creating new jobs and opportunities in a fiercely competitiveworld. And this week, we received very good news on that front. We learned that the

The once vague sense of self became a clear sense of being. Theintuitive recognition of the maternal spirit-world matured into adesire to understand it. Rudolph Otto (1968) called this object of

awareness the numinous³the awesome, majestic, sublimeOther, of which humans feel a part and are called upon torespond to and to know. (See MESOPOTAMIA.)

Within a few centuries, the former master of theMediterranean became a vassal-state of the newAthenian empire and subsided into a per ipheral role inhistory²first as a Roman province, next as a Byzantinedependency, then as a Venetian colony, fi nally as anOttoman territory, and in the nineteenth century as apawn torn back and forth in a bitter struggle betweenGreeks and Turks, Christians and Muslims, until 1899,when the island became independent and autonomouswith its own constitution and Prince George of Greeceappointed as High Commissioner of the Great Powers.

Naturally, its limits compel the writer to dogmatise, or, at moto touch but very briefly upon disputed points, to ignore

many fascinating side-issues, and to refrain from putting

forward any suggestions of his own. But he has based h

work upon the studies of the leading Celtic scholars, andbelieves that the reader may safely accept it as in line withlatest research.

After some parleying and offers to partition the island,a battle,

known as that of Moytura in Irish Mag Tuireadh, 'Plain of thePillars' was fought near Cong, in Mayo, in which the TuathaD6 Danann gained the victory.

This word, of course, became our word 'history', and in this sense the moderndiscipline of history was born directly from the long tradition established byHerodotus (though reborn with new archival and rationalist inputs after theRenaissance). If so, Herodotus is one of the most formative thinkers ever born,since for history as the systematic analysis of past events remains one of thedominant paradigms of modern thought.

When he sees him at his feet, he bursts intopassionate lament. 'It was all a game and a

sport until Ferdiad came ; the memory of this

day will be like a cloud hanging over me for ever.'

But the victory ended his perilous labours ; for the

men of Ulster, at last shaking off their weakness,came down and dispersed their enemies.

Renaissance discoveries in the science of geography were theinitial steps in a new way of thinking about science, whichhistorians call the Scientific Revolution. The greatthinkers at the dawn of modern science³Copernicus,Galileo, Kepler, da Vinci, Bacon, Harvey, and Vesalius³ worked in the shadow of Ptolemy, Hipparchus, Aristotle,

Pliny, Hippocrates, and Galen

Most oligarchies had an Assembly of the People:56 its competence was, of

course, limited, but as a rule all citizens had access, and only seats on theCouncil and access to the top administrative posts were confined to thewealthiest citizens.

In Gwalchmaiand Medrawt, the good and evil brothers born of their union, we shall

probably be right in recognizing similar characters to Arianrod's sons, the gods of light anddarkness,Lieu (Llew) and Dylan.

There were some cults from which women were excluded,19 but others inwhich only women could participate, like the thesmophoria.20 Mostgoddesses had female and not male priests in charge of their cults.21 Inreligion women were o¶cially recognised as an indispensable element inthe community.2



unemployment rate has fallen to its lowest level in nearly two years as our economy added

another 222,000 private sector jobs last month.

Now, we have a lot more work to do, not just for the Americans who still don¶t have a job, butfor the millions more who still don¶t have the right job or all the work they need to live out the

American Dream.

But the progress we¶re seeing says something about the determination and ingenuity of our people and our businesses.

Yet the traces of the English gods arecomparatively few in Britain, and are not foundat all in Ireland, and, at any rate, they can bebetter studied in the Teutonic countries to whichthey were native than in this remote outpost of their influence.

One of the most effective is when thePersian army marches into holy Delphi andthunderbolts break large rocks off thesurrounding mountains which fall upon theinvaders (Herodotus VIII.36). Nonetheless,taking a leaf out of Herodotus' ownmethodology, we should use such storiesas evidence of the attitudes of the time,rather than dismissing them out of hand

Protagoras signifies the use of the spokenword to persuade, to create as it were a momentary truth,whereas Socrates advocates the view, which Anaxagoras wouldhave found acceptable, that truth is everlasting for all times andplaces and only the thinker who trains his mind to seek the truthwill be able to find it.

Freud acknowledged his own indebtedness to Frazer inT otem and

T aboo (1913); while in his discussion of ³Sacrifice´ in Sy mbols of T ransformation (1912), C. G.

Jung centrally cites Frazer s chapter on ³The DyingGod.´ And we shall have occasion to observe his influence on important writers of the early twentiethcentury.

He was able (surely the first quality of a goodhistorian) to see his subject as part of a larger process and to be constantly aware of thethreads which linked his country with the vastand mysterious lands of Egypt and Asia. He wasable to keep before his reader the sense thatGreece, the centre of his interest, was still onlyone country in an immense and diverse worldwhich it was yet to dominate by virtue of certainqualities which that world lacked, above all bythat passion for independence and self-determination which was both her glory and her bane; to be aware of the past, not only theimmediate but the most remote, as a livingelement in the present; and to find - unlike, inthis, most historians writing today - a continuingmoral pattern in the vicissitudes of human fortunethe world over. (1962, p23)

The second task of the Centre was to understand the polis in a wider world-historical context. The ancient Greek polis

was a citystate, and when historians nowadays talk aboutcity-states, they are thinking first and foremost of ancientGreece and after that of the cities of north Italy in theMiddle Ages. But there have been city-states in other places and at other times. A general analysis of urbanisation and state formation shows that in worldhistory from antiquity to c.1900 two different types of statehave existed: macro-states, with numerous cities includedin the territory of each of them, as against regions dividedinto micro-states each of which consisted of one city andits hinterland.

With the Brythons must be considered the Belgae,

who made, still later, an extensive invasion of

Southern Britain, but who seem to have beeneventually assimilated to, or absorbed in, the Brythons,

to whom they were, at any rate linguistically, muchakin.1

In the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, it was adifferent story, not so much decline as business asusual, as students of Aristotle, Euclid, Ptolemy, andGalen carried upon their intellectual shoulders thescientific legacy of the ancient world.

[14th century. < Latin

addere < dare "give"]





We need a government that lives within its means without sacrificing job-creating investments ineducation, innovation, and infrastructure.

Formerly ³as light as down,´ she suddenly feels ahot heavy metal in her veins. Trying to resist thisstrange new sensation, she prays for help to thegoddess Eos.

Indeed, the years immediately preceding the composition of the play marked the highpoint of dance in Europe: the fad of the tango spreadacross the continent; Isidora Duncan fascinated the public with her re-creations of ancient Greek dances; and Diaghilev and the Ballets Russesconquered audiences with Stravinsky

s T he F irebird (1910), P etrushka

(1911), and R ite of S pring (1913).When Kaiser

¡

s intimidated dancers say of Zeus that ³He hangs inthe air´ (98), they might well be speaking of Nijinsky.

We can gather them from six different sources:

(1) Dedications to Celtic divinities upon altars and votive tablets, large numbers of which have beenfound both on the Continent and in our own islands; (2) Irish, Scottish, and Welsh manuscripts which, though they date only from mediaevaltimes, contain, copied from older documents,legends preserved from the pagan age;

What is the nature of being? Is there a soul, and of what is it made? What isthe role of the divine in our lives? What is the good, and is there a contrastingpresence of evil?What is the duty of man? Is there a universal

code of ethics upon which to mold behavior? Is the state necessary, and if sowhat is its purpose?What is virtue, and is it possible to obtain? Is there anobjective truth?What role does the self have in the acquisition of knowledge?These questions and so many more, asked by the Athenians of the ancient world,are Athen·s greatest legacy.

Having examined this place, Curio got a view of Varus's camp, joining the

wall and town, at the gate called Bellica, well fortified by its natural

situation, on one side by the town itself, on the other by a theater which is

before the town, the approaches to the town being rendered difficult and

narrow by the very extensive out-buildings of that structure.





Over the last few weeks, Members of Congress have been debating their own proposals. And Iwas pleased that Democrats and Republicans in Congress came together a few days ago andpassed a plan to cut spending and keep the government running for two more weeks.

This does not, of course, mean that Caesar considered the gods of theGauls to be exactly those of the

Romans, but that imaginary beings represented

as carrying out much the same functions as the

Roman Mercury, Apollo, Minerva, Jupiter, andMars were worshipped by them.

Starting with a history of Greece and its relations with Lydia and the East in the generation of King Cyrus, who foundedPersia's power, he builds his account through 64 years until the great invasion of Greece in 480 B.C.E. (Burns 1972, p16).This certainly was one of the pivotal periods in Greek history, and it laid a foundation for the future development of Greekhistory for the next 200 years. It created the pre-conditions for the later P eloponnesianW ar , and the Persian sacking of Greek temples was the explicit c ausus belli for the invasion of the Persian Empire by Al exander the Great in the late 4thcentury and perhaps for the destruction of Persepolis (see Arrian Anabasis III.18.12; Strabo XV.3.6;Diodorus XVI.89.2, XVII.4.9 & XVII.70-72).

He is represented as of gigantic size no house or ship which

was ever made could contain him in it and, when he laid himself down across

a river, an army could march over him as though upon a bridge.

Therefore, despairing of their own safety, as men usually

do in the last moment of their lives, they either lamentedtheir unhappy deaths, or recommended their parents to

the survivors, if fortune should save any from the

impending danger. All were full of fear and grief.

Pompey having got a year's respite to provide forces, during which hewas not engaged in war, nor employed by an enemy, had collected a

numerous fleet from Asia, and the Cyclades, from Corcyra, Athens,

Pontus, Bithynia, Syria, Cilicia, Phoenicia, and Egypt, and had given

directions that a great number should be built in every other place. He

had exacted a large sum of money from Asia, Syria, and all the kings,

dynasts, tetrarchs, and free states of Achaia; and had obliged the

corporations of those provinces, of which he himself had the

government, to count down to him a large sum.




We need to come together, Democrats and Republicans, around a long-term budget thatsacrifices wasteful spending without sacrificing the job-creating investments in our future.

Taken as a whole, they do not present such close analogies to the Irish

Tuatha De Danann as do the Children of Llyr.

And pursuing that concept, it has become standard to see city-statesand territorial states as the two poles in a pair of opposites. Butsince all city-states had a well-defined territory, even if a small one,that terminology has taken people s minds in a wrong direction.I propose instead that we make the distinction between (small)city-states and (big) µcountry-states .12

That as to the truce, the war in its present state was so divided, that they by their fleet

deprived him of his shipping and auxiliaries; while he prevented them from the use of the

land and fresh water; and if they wished that this restraint should be removed from them,

they should relinquish their blockade of the seas, but if they retained the one, he in like

manner would retain the other; that nevertheless, the treaty of accommodation might still

be carried on, though these points were not conceded, and that they need not be an

impediment to it."

Let nature alone, Hippocrates advised, and let disease run its course.The physiciansought evidence that one of the four humors³blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile³ was dominant in the system. The job of the physician was primarily to diagnose theillness and to observe the progress of the patient as the disease took its course, reached a

crisis, and then culminated in death or recovery.



My administration has already put forward specific cuts that meet congressional Republicanshalfway.

And I¶m prepared to do more. But we¶ll only finish the job together ± by sitting at the sametable, working out our differences, and finding common ground.

That¶s why I¶ve asked Vice President Biden and members of my Administration to meet withleaders of Congress going forward.

The Egyptian labyrinth was both secular andreligious in function, the center both of cult and of administration.The most famous labyrinths known to antiquity werethe temple of Amenemhet III in the Fayoum and theone at Knossos.

In desperation they attacked the stronghold of the giants upon Tory Island, off the

coast of Donegal, and took it, slaying Conann, one of the Fomor Kings, with

many of his followers.

But More, the other king, terribly avenged this defeat, and the Nemedians, reduced to

a handful of thirty, took ship and fled the country.

Caesar and Pompey received this intelligence almost at the

same time; for they had seen the ships sail past Apollonia and

Dyrrachium. They directed their march after them by land;

but at first they were ignorant to what part they had been

carried; but when they were informed of it, they each

adopted a different plan; Caesar, to form a junction with

Antonius as soon as possible; Pompey, to oppose Antonius's

forces on their march to Caesar, and, if possible, to fall upon

them unexpectedly from ambush.

We are told with startling inconsistency how Cuchulainn, going to his last fight, heard

the angels hymning in Heaven, confessed the true faith, and was cheered by the

certainty of salvation. The 'Tragical Death of Conchobar,' in the Book of the DunCow relates how that king died of wrath and sorrow at learning of the Passion of

Christ.



Getting our fiscal house in order can¶t just be something we use as cover to do away with thingswe dislike politically. And it can¶t just be about how much we cut.

It¶s got to be about how we cut and how we invest. We¶ve got to be smart about it.

Because if we cut back on the kids I¶ve met here and their education, for example, we¶d berisking the future of an entire generation of Americans. And there¶s nothing responsible aboutthat.

Taken together, we have thirty-seven identifiable city-state cultures in world history. Our team of scholars atthe Polis Centre has attempted for the first time ever todescribe all of them, but we must presume that somehave escaped our notice or will only be recognised ascity-state cultures in the light of this investigation.

Poseidon did so, but the white bull was so handsome thatMinos declined to fulfill his pledge.In revenge the angered god aroused a powerful desire for thebull in Pasiphaë²Europa s daughter-in-law!²who beggedthe craftsman Daedalus for his help in fulfilling her longing.

It is the clash of two aspects of life, the heathen ideal of joy and strength,and the

Christian ideal of service and sacrifice.I will tell you a little story about Finn,' replies

Ossian to the saint's praises of the heaven of the

elect, and relates some heroic exploit of chase or war.

Each was born of a mysterious, littleknown father and mother ; each had a

love whose name was associated with a symbolic wheel, who posed as a

maiden and was furiously indignant at the birth of her children ;and each lost hi

son l in a curiously similar fashion, and sought for him sorrowfully to bring himback to the world.

What is the point not knowing the world u live in?



We¶ve got to come together to put America back on a fiscally sustainable course ± and make

sure that when it comes to the economy of the 21st century, our children and our country arebetter-prepared than anyone else in the world to take it on.

Our future depends on it. That¶s not a Democratic or a Republican challenge ± that¶s anAmerican challenge. And I¶m confident it¶s one we¶ll meet.

Thanks for listening.

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE B END OF]

History and the writing of history (historiography) is one way of capturingthe present for the future, and alternatively of making the present moremeaningful by relating it to the past. It is both a powerful and dangeroustool - used properly, it empowers us with a deeper perspectiveof the relationships in our world, misused, it can become a kind of trapfrom which holds us in an invented and biased past. It is for this reason,perhaps, that Herodotus was sometimes harshly attacked as the 'father of lies'. Out of shame Minos ordered Daedalus to construct

at Knossos a maze, the labyrinth, in which toconceal the Minotaur, who fed upon the sevenyouths and seven maidens sent annually²or,depending on the source, according to some other schedule²from Athens in tribute for the murder of Minos s son Androgeos.

Yet as they listen to the angry roar of that ³Leviathanof lust,´ they sense ³deep in the human heartsomething caged and hidden, / which no hero canever root out´ and are forced to the realization thattheir world of order and morality is nothing but a³labyrinth of lies´ and that they all live ³in symbiosiswith / the dark thing in its lair.´ Like Muir, Croninaddresses the beast within us all and in our society;

but whereas Muir looks from despair to hope, Croninpeers out of order into chaos.



[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE C START OF]

I¶m talking with you from Miami, Florida, where I¶m visiting Miami Central High School, aschool that¶s turning itself around on behalf of its kids.

When I do count the clock that tells the time,And see the brave day sunk in hideous night,When I behold the violet past prime,

And sable curls all silvered o'er with white:When lofty trees I see barren of leaves,Which erst from heat did canopy the herdAnd summer's green all girded up in sheavesBorne on the bier with white and bristlybeard:

Spain. In 732, near Poitiers, a

large Muslim raiding party was

turned

back by Charles Martel, a

magnate of the Austrasian

Frankish

kingdom who bore the title ofmayor of the palace.




Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du Citoyen du 26 août 1789(placée ensuite en tête de laConstitution de 1791)L'Assemblée nationale voulant établir la Constitution française sur les principes qu'elle vient de reconnaître et dedéclarer, abolit irrévocablement les institutions qui blessaient laliberté et l'égalité des droits.� Il n'y a plus ni noblesse, ni pairie, ni distinctions héréditaires, nidistinctions d'ordres, ni régime féodal, ni justicespatrimoniales, ni aucun des titres, dénominations et prérogativesqui en dérivaient, ni aucun ordre de chevalerie, niaucune des corporations ou décorations, pour lesquelles onexigeait des preuves de noblesse, ou qui supposaientdes distinctions de naissance, ni aucune autre supériorité, que celledes fonctionnaires publics dans l'exercice deleurs fonctions.




Our top priority right now has to be creating new jobs and opportunities in a fiercely

competitive world.

More than eighty years have passed since the eventwhich in our country, until recently, was generallycalled the Great October Socialist Revolution. Todaydebates about its character, content, and consequencesare intensifying and often sound just as irreconcilableas the positions taken by the participants in the

revolution who found themselves in opposing camps.

To the north of the Caucasus range is the Eurasian steppe,which stretches far to the east and west; it has been the route of countless invasions. To the south are a variety of lesser mountain ranges, plateaus, and plains²an area that has alsobeen a crossroads of military and economic intercourse² Persians from the east, various Greco-Roman states from thewest, and Semitic cultures from the south have interacted withthe peoples of the South Caucasus.

But then, what is surprising about that? More than two

hundred years have passed since the great French revolution

of the eighteenth century, but to this day that revolution

inspires sharply conflicting judgments and opinions. This is all

the more true of the October revolutionnot only because it

is closer to us in time but because, just as the French

revolution shaped the entire course of the nineteenth

century, the Russian revolution, whatever one might say

about it, largely determined the course of the twentieth

century. And this century has proven to be a turning point for

all humanity.

Dispositions fondamentales garanties par la Constitution La Constitution garantit, comme droits naturels et civils :

Que tous les citoyens sont admissibles aux places et emplois, sans autre distinction que celle des vertus et des

talents ; Que toutes les contributions seront réparties entre tous les citoyens également en proportion de leurs facultés ; Que les mêmes délits seront

punis des mêmes peines, sans aucune distinction des personnes.

La Constitution garantit pareillement, comme droits naturels et civils : La liberté à tout homme d'aller, de rester, de partir, sans pouvoir être arrêté, ni

détenu, que selon les formes déterminées par la Constitution ;

La liberté à tout homme de parler, d'écrire, d'imprimer et publier ses pensées, sans que les écrits puissent être soumis à aucune censure ni inspection avant

leur publication, et d'exercer le culte religieux auquel il est attaché ; La liberté aux citoyens de s'assembler paisiblement et sans armes, en satisfaisant aux

lois de police ; La liberté d'adresser aux autorités constituées des pétitions signées individuellement.



And this week , we received very good news on that front. We learned that the unemploymentrate has fallen to its lowest level in nearly two years as our economy added another 222,000

private sector jobs last month.


American Dream. But the progress we¶re seeing says something about the determination andingenuity of our people and our businesses.

An encyclical letter to the West from Adhemar and the patriarch of

Jerusalem, Symeon II, dating from the first weeks of the siege of

Antioch (autumn 1097June 1098), reported on the progress of the

crusade and urged that all of those who had taken the cross but

had failed to set out should be excommunicated unless they had

fullfilled their vows by the following Easter.

In all probability, Adhemar and Symeon discussed plans for the

liberation of the Eastern churches. After the conquest of Antioch,

Adhemar reinstated the Greek Orthodox patriarch, John IV Oxeites,

and recognized his canonical

authority over all clergy in his patriarchate, Latin as well as Greek.

Not from the stars do I my judgement pluck,And yet methinks I have astronomy,But not to tell of good, or evil luck,Of plagues, of dearths, or seasons' quality,Nor can I fortune to brief minutes tell;Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind,Or say with princes if it shall go wellBy oft predict that I in heaven find.But from thine eyes my knowledge I derive,

And constant stars in them I read such artAs truth and beauty shall together thriveIf from thy self, to store thou wouldst convert:Or else of thee this I prognosticate,Thy end is truth's and beauty's doom and date.




ART. 2. - Sont citoyens français : - Ceux qui sont nés enFrance d'un père français ; - Ceux qui, nés enFrance d'un père étranger, ont fixé leur résidence dans leRoyaume ; - Ceux qui, nés en pays étranger d'un pèrefrançais, sont venus s'établir en France et ont prêté leserment civique ; - Enfin ceux qui, nés en pays étranger, etdescendant, à quelque degré que ce soit, d'un Français oud'une Française expatriés pour cause de religion, viennentdemeurer en France et prêtent le serment civique.ART. 3. - Ceux qui, nés hors du Royaume de parentsétrangers, résident en France, deviennent citoyens français,

après cinq ans de domicile continu dans le Royaume, s'ils yont, en outre, acquis des immeubles ou épousé uneFrançais, ou former un établissement d'agriculture ou decommerce, et s'ils ont prêté le serment civique.ART. 4. - Le Pouvoir législatif pourra, pour des considérationsimportantes, donner à un étranger un acte denaturalisation, sans autres conditions que de fixer sondomicile en France et d'y prêter le serment civique.

So shall I live, supposing thou art true,Like a deceived husband, so love's face,May still seem love to me, though altered new:Thy looks with me, thy heart in other place.For there can live no hatred in thine eye,Therefore in that I cannot know thy change,

In many's looks, the false heart's historyIs writ in moods and frowns and wrinkles strange.But heaven in thy creation did decree,That in thy face sweet love should ever dwell,Whate'er thy thoughts, or thy heart's workings be,Thy looks should nothing thence, but sweetness tell.How like Eve's apple doth thy beauty grow,If thy sweet virtue answer not thy show.

The Survey of India was responsible for

accurately mapping the entire Indian

subcontinent and the adjoining lands north

of the Himalayas. Beyond Tibet, the ongoing

Muslim-Chinese turmoil in western China

had made travel into the uncharted regions

of Chinese Turkestan (todays Xinjiang Uygur)

too hazardous for Westerners. Moreover,

the British were locked in rivalry with Russia

for control of Central Asiaa long drawn-out

contention known as the Great Game.




We need a government that lives within its means without sacrificing job-creating investmentsin education, innovation, and infrastructure.

134

, , ,

,

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.

The commercial economy meanwhile profited from the growing markets of

western Europe and the regions south of the Sahara. Manufactures, many fromacross the Mediterranean, were sent across the Sahara in exchange for slaves and

gold, which then were largely exported to Europe, together with the produce of

North Africa itself: wool (called Merino, from Marªnid), leather, and wax (from

Bejaïa or Bougie, whence Fr. bougie, wax candle).

This phenomenon was a consequence of the

establishment of the warrior Arab tribes ofthe Ban Hill as an estate of the Almohad

realm, joining the government of a makhzan,

e magazine,f state of tax and rent collectors.

ART. 2. - Elle sera formée tous les deux ans par denouvelles élections. - Chaque période de deux annéesformera une législature.ART. 3. - Les dispositions de l'article précédent n'auront paslieu à l'égard du prochain Corps législatif, dont les pouvoirscesseront le dernier jour d'avril 1793.ART. 4. - Le renouvellement du Corps législatif se fera deplein droit.ART. 5. - Le Corps législatif ne pourra être dissous par le roi.





Sea trade was in the hands of Italians and

Catalans, as was sea power, except in the Strait

of Gibraltar, kept by the Moroccan fleet until1344. Commerce dictated generally good relations

with Europe, governed by treaties that extended

to churches for the Christian mercenaries

employed at Tunis.

A fresh dispute broke out over

Bohemundd s repudiation of his Greek

wife, Theo¢

ora (1180), lea¢

ing to

fighting in the principality until a

compromise was brokere¢

by Bal¢

win IV

of Jerusalem. Although Aimery was ableto fen¢

off Greek claims to the

patriarchate of Antioch, he coul¢

¢

o

little to prevent the loss of most of its

territorial juris¢

iction to the

conquests of Zangª, Nr al-Dªn, an¢

Sala¢

in.

oday we know much more about the October revolutionhan did its participants, and more than the heirs of theevolution in our country were allowed to know. Glasnostnd perestroika have given us the opportunity to learn many

undamental facts about the revolution which had beenlassified or falsified²and about the decades after it. Theisclosure of the truth that was begun under glasnost² ven though it caused shock and aroused protest on the partf many people, and for many different reasons²became a

timulus toward reviving the moral health of our society.



Over the last few weeks, Members of Congress have been debating their own proposals. And Iwas pleased that Democrats and Republicans in Congress came together a few days ago and

passed a plan to cut spending and keep the government running for two more weeks.


ARTICLE PREMIER. Le nombre des représentants au Corps législatif est de sept centquarante-cinq à raison desquatre-vingt-trois départements dont le Royaume est composé et indépendamment deceux qui pourraient êtreaccordés aux Colonies.ART. 2. - Les représentants seront distribués entre les quatre-vingt-trois départements,selon les trois proportions duterritoire, de la population, et de la contribution directe.ART. 3. - Des sept cent quarante-cinq représentants, deux cent quarante-sept sontattachés au territoire. - Chaquedépartement en nommera trois, à l'exception du département de Paris, qui n'en nommeraqu'un.ART. 4. - Deux cent quarante-neuf représentants sont attribués à la population. - La

masse totale de la populationactive du Royaume est divisée en deux cent quarante-neuf parts, et chaque départementnomme autant de députésqu'il a de parts de population.ART. 5. - Deux cent quarante-neuf représentants sont attachés à la contribution directe. -La somme totale de la contribution directe du Royaume est de même divisée en deuxcent quarante-neuf parts, et chaque départementnomme autant de députés qu'il paie de parts de contribution.

PAGE. Monsieur Parolles, my lord calls for you. Exit PAGEPAROLLES. Little Helen, farewell; if I canremember thee, I will think of thee at court.HELENA. Monsieur Parolles, you were born under a charitablestar. PAROLLES. Under Mars, I.HELENA. I especially think, under Mars.PAROLLES. Why under Man?HELENA. The wars hath so kept you under that you must needsbe born under Mars.

PAROLLES. When he was predominant.HELENA. When he was retrograde, I think, rather.PAROLLES. Why think you so?HELENA. You go so much backward when you fight.PAROLLES. That's for advantage.



We need to come together, Democrats and Republicans, around a long-term budget thatsacrifices wasteful spending without sacrificing the job-creating investments in our future. Myadministration has already put forward specific cuts that meet congressional Republicanshalfway.

And I¶m prepared to do more. But we¶ll only finish the job together ± by sitting at the sametable, working out our differences, and finding common ground. That¶s why I¶ve asked VicePresident Biden and members of my Administration to meet with leaders of Congress goingforward.

Their collective societies lived at the edge of Russian territoryand its legalities; in the eighteenth century they began to comeinto closer contact with the peoples of the Caucasus. Occasional

violent conflict turned eventually into organized warfare.

RTICLE PREMIER. - Pour former l'Assemblée nationale législative, les citoyensctifs se réuniront tous les deux ansn Assemblées primaires dans les villes et dans les cantons. - Les Assembléesrimaires se formeront de plein droit second dimanche de mars, si elles n'ont pas été convoquées plus tôt par les

onctionnaires publics déterminés par loi.RT. 2. - Pour être citoyen actif, il faut : - Être né ou devenu Français ; - Être âgé dengt-cinq ans accomplis ; - Êtreomicilié dans la ville ou dans le canton depuis le temps déterminé par la loi ; -ayer, dans un lieu quelconque duoyaume, une contribution directe au moins égale à l a valeur de trois journées deavail, et en représenter lauittance ; - N'être pas dans un état de domesticité, c 'est-à-dire de serviteur à gages- Être inscrit dans la

municipalité de son domicile au rôle des gardes nationales ; - Avoir prêté le serment

vique.RT. 3. - Tous les six ans, le Corps législatif fixera le minimum et le maximum de laaleur de la journée de travail, ets administrateurs des départements en feront la détermination locale pour chaquestrict.RT. 4. - Nul ne pourra exercer les droits de citoyen actif dans plus d'un endroit, nie faire représenter par un autre.RT. 5. - Sont exclus de l'exercice des droits de citoyen actif : - Ceux qui sont en étataccusation ; -eux qui, après avoir été constitués en état de faillite ou d'insolvabilité, prouvé par èces authentiques, ne rapportentas un acquit général de leurs créanciers.RT. 6. - Les Assemblées primaires nommeront des électeurs en proportion duombre des citoyens actifs domiciliésans la ville ou le canton. - Il sera nommé un électeur à raison de cent citoyens actifsrésents, ou non, àAssemblée. - Il en sera nommé deux depuis cent cinquante et un jusqu'à deux centnquante, et ainsi de suite.

However, the Central Committee was large; in1989, for example, it consisted of more than three

hundred members. In actuality then, there weretwo Central Committees. One of them was the bodyof elected representatives of the Communist Party.

The other was the name used in documents producedfor and by any number of smaller CentralCommittee bodies, from the Politburo to the temporary

commissions. Thus, the decrees of the CentralCommittee were seldom prepared by that body.Instead, the Politburo often initiated, discussed, andfinalized them.

Hulegu, the Mongol khan of Persia and other conquered Islamic

territories in the Middle East, was infuriated by this

unprecedented reverse and prepared a major punitive expedition.

However, political problems at the heart of the Mongol

Empire, following the death of the Great Khan Mongke

almost exactly a year earlier, prevented this plan from beingcarried through.




It¶s got to be about how we cut and how we invest. We¶ve got to be smart about it.

Because if we cut back on the kids I¶ve met here and their education, for example, we¶d berisking the future of an entire generation of Americans. And there¶s nothing responsible aboutthat.

The term Stal inism of course is a conditional one, althoughits usage has become customary. The one-sidedness of theterm tends to flatten out the entire Soviet past, to paint it asingle, uniformly dark color. In fact it was a multicolored,

profoundly contradictory, and multilayered phenomenon.

The chancelleries¶ primary interests were militaryaffairs, diplomacy, taxation, and justice; educationand social welfare virtually were absent.Seventy-six percent (117) of the chancellerieshandled civil administration, 12 percent (18) royalcourt affairs, 8 percent (12) the tsar¶s personalmatters;and 4 percent (6) the Patriarchate. Tsars and

their cliques fashioned new bureaus at the start of a reign, and became acculturated to bureaucratic

norms.

ART. 4. - Seront néanmoins obligés d'opter, les ministres et les autres agents du Pouvoir exécutif révocables àvolonté, les commissaires de l a Trésorerie nationale, les percepteurs et receveurs descontributions directes, lespréposés à la perception et aux régies des contributions indirectes et des domaines nationaux, etceux qui, sousquelque dénomination que ce soit, sont attachés à des emplois de la maison militaire et civile duroi. - Serontégalement tenus d'opter les administrateurs, sous administrateurs, officiers municipaux, etcommandants des gardesnationales.ART. 5. - L'exercice des fonctions judiciaires sera incompatible avec celles de représentant de laNation, pendanttoute la durée de la législature. - Les juges seront remplacés par leurs suppléants et le roipourvoira par des brevetsde commission au remplacement de ses commissaires auprès des t ribunaux.ART. 6. - Les membres du Corps l égislatif pourront être réélus à la législature suivante, et nepourront l'être ensuitequ'après l'intervalle d'une législature.ART. 7. - Les représentants nommés dans les départements, ne seront pas représentants d'undépartementparticulier, mais de la Nation entière, et il ne pourra leur être donné aucun mandat.

During much of Saladind s first decade as an independent ruler (c. 11741184), he was occupiwith subjugating his Muslim opponents and creating a secure power base in Egypt and Syria for

himself and his family. Then from 1185 onwar£

he turne£

his full attention to the Franks. In 118

he achieve£

his famous victory against the army of the king£

om of Jerusalem at the battle of

Hattin an£

reconquere£

the city of Jerusalem for Islam. The Thir£

Crusa£

e (11891192),

launche£

in response to this loss, en£

e£

in truce an£

stalemate. Sala£

in£

ie£

a year later;£

esp

his prestigious successes, he ha£

faile£

to ri£

the Levant of the Franks, who regroupe£

at the

new capital of Acre an£

still controlle£

crucial Me£

iterranean ports. Sala£

in£

s brother, the

austere Sayf al-Dªn al-c §£

il (known to the Franks as Sapha£

in), ha£

acte£

as his principal,

in£

ee£

in£

ispensable, helper in governing his empire, both a£

ministratively an£

militarily. His

involvement in£

rawing up the peace treaty with Richar£

the Lionheart in 1192 was especially

valuable.

s a Human the

ht to be Drunk

th Soberness

nging Religion

Common Sense

an Excuse?



We¶ve got to come together to put America back on a fiscally sustainable course ± and makesure that when it comes to the economy of the 21st century, our children and our country are

better-prepared than anyone else in the world to take it on.

Our future depends on it. That¶s not a Democratic or a Republican challenge ± that¶s anAmerican challenge. And I¶m confident it¶s one we¶ll meet.

ENOBARBUS. And the business you have broach'd here cannot bewithout you; especially that of Cleopatra's, which wholly depends on your abode.ANTONY. No more light answers. Let our officersHave notice what we purpose. I shall break The cause of our expedience to the Queen,And get her leave to part. For not aloneThe death of Fulvia, with more urgent touches,Do strongly speak to us; but the letters to

Of many our contriving friends in RomePetition us at home. Sextus PompeiusHath given the dare to Caesar, and commandsThe empire of the sea;

http://www.myspace.com = The Rehearsal for the Real Space Empire?




[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE C END OF]

[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE D START OF]

I¶m talking with you from Miami, Florida, where I¶m visiting Miami Central High School, aschool that¶s turning itself around on behalf of its kids. And I came here with Jeb Bush, former

ARTICLE PREMIER. - La Royauté est indivisible, et déléguéehéréditairement à la race régnante de mâle en mâle,par ordre de primogéniture, à l'exclusion perpétuelle des femmes et deleur descendance.

- (Rien n'est préjugé sur l'effet des renonciations, dans la raceactuellement régnante.)ART. 2. - La personne du roi est inviolable et sacrée ; son seul titre estRoi des Français.ART. 3. - Il n'y a point en France d'autorité supérieure à celle de la loi. Leroi ne règne que par elle, et ce n'est qu'aunom de la loi qu'il peut exiger l'obéissance.ART. 4. - Le roi, à son avènement au trône, ou dès qu'il aura atteint samajorité, prêtera à la Nation, en présence duCorps législatif, le serment d'être fidèle à la Nation et à la loi, d'employer tout le pouvoir qui lui est délégué, àmaintenir la Constitution décrétée par l'Assemblée nationale constituante,aux années

1789, 1790 et 1791, et à faire exécuter les lois. - Si le Corps législatif n'estpas assemblée, le roi fera publier uneproclamation, dans laquelle seront exprimés ce serment et la promessede la réitérer aussitôt que le Corps législatif sera réuni.

The Siege of Mecca-Part01.3gp

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governor of this state, because he and I share the view that education isn¶t a partisan issue ± it¶san American issue.

But in a larger sense, this is a moment when we¶ve all got to do what the students and teachers

are doing here. We¶ve got to step up our game.

The Siege of Mecca-Part0¤

.3gp

When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connectedthem with another, and to assume among the powers of theearth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of natureand of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the

opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causeswhich impel them to the separation.

In the earliest years of America¶s history as an

independent nation, the country was unifi ed behinits leadership.George Washington was the unanimous choiceas the nation¶s first president. His cabinet featuredmany men who had fi gured prominently in theContinental Congress and the American Revolutiomen who had stood fi rmly united in the effort towin independence from Great Britain.

U.S. operational nuclear forces are approachinglevels set forth in the agreements that emergedfrom the 1997 Helsinki summit betweenRussian President Boris Yeltsin and U.S.President Bill Clinton, which set the framework

for the never-finished START III Treaty.



Our top priority right now has to be creating new jobs and opportunities in a fiercelycompetitive world. And this week, we received very good news on that front.

We learned that the unemployment rate has fallen to its lowest level in nearly two years as our economy added another 222,000 private sector jobs last month.




American Dream. But the progress we¶re seeing says something about the determination andingenuity of our people and our businesses.

The Senators and Representatives shall receive aCompensation for their Services, to be ascertained byLaw, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony andBreach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest duringtheir Attendance at the Session of their respectiveHouses, and in going to and returning from the same;and for any Speech or Debate in either House, theyshall not be questioned in any other Place.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that allmen are created equal, that they are endowedy their Creator with certain unalienable rights,at among these are life, liberty and the pursuitf happiness. That to secure these rights,overnments are instituted among men, derivingeir just powers from the consent of theoverned. That whenever any form of

overnment becomes destructive to these ends,is the right of the people to alter or to abolishand to institute new government, laying its

oundation on such principles and organizing itsowers in such form, as to them shall seem

most likely to effect their safety and happiness.

For the purpose of the present Convention, the followingexpressions shall have the meaningshereunder assigned to them:(a) The ³head of the mission´ is the person charged by thesending State with the duty of acting inthat capacity;(b) The ³members of the mission´ are the head of themission and the members of the staff of themission;(c ) The ³members of the staff of the mission´ are the

members of the diplomatic staff, of theadministrative and technical staff and of the service staff othe mission;(d ) The ³members of the diplomatic staff´ are the memberof the staff of the mission havingdiplomatic rank;(e) A ³diplomatic agent´ is the head of the mission or amember of the diplomatic staff of themission;(f ) The ³members of the administrative and technical staffare the members of the staff of themission employed in the administrative and technicalservice of the mission;

The chaos that marked America at this period in itshistory is often attributed to a single subject: slavery.Slavery certainly was at the forefront of the national debate,particularly as new states joined the union and westernterritories were opened up for settlement. Other, equallycontentious matters also separated one American fromanother, however.





Prisoners of war must at all times be humanely treated. Anyunlawful act or omission by the Detaining Power causingdeath or seriously endangering the health of a prisoner of war in its custody is prohibited, and will be regarded as aserious breach of the present Convention. Inparticular, no prisoner of war may be subjected to physicalmutilation or to medical or scientific experiments of anykind which are not justified by the medical, dental or hospital treatment of the prisoner concerned and carried outin his interest.

Likewise, prisoners of war must at all times be protected,particularly against acts of violence or intimidation andagainst insults and public curiosity.

Measures of reprisal against prisoners of war are prohibited.

Prisoners of war are entitled in all circumstances torespect for their persons and their honour.Women shall be treated with all the regard due to their sex and shall in all cases benefit by treatment asfavourable as that granted to men.Prisoners of war shall retain the full civil capacity whichthey enjoyed at the time of their capture. The DetainingPower may not restrict the exercise, either within or without its own territory, of the rights such capacity

confers except in so far as the captivity requires.

The Power detaining prisoners of war shallbe bound to provide free of charge for their maintenance and for the medical attentionrequired by their state of health.

But when a long train of abuses andusurpations, pursuing invariablythe same object evinces a design toreduce them under absolute despotism, itis their right, it is their duty, to throwoff such government, and to provide new

guards for their future security. ² Suchhas been the patient sufferance of these colonies; and such is now thenecessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of government.



We need a government that lives within its means without sacrificing job-creating investments ineducation, innovation, and infrastructure.

The budget I sent to Congress makes these investments, but it also includes a 5-year spendingfreeze, and it will reduce our deficits by $1 trillion over the next decade. In fact, the cuts I¶veproposed would bring annual domestic spending to its lowest share of the economy under any

president in more than 50 years.

By legislation, individual countries have established rulesconcerning the use of units on a national basis, either for general use or for specific areas such as commerce, health,public safety, and education. In almost all countries thislegislation is based on the International System of Units.The Org anisat ion Inter nat ionale d e Mét r ol og ie Lég ale (OIML),founded in 1955, is charged with the international

harmonization of this legislation.

He has refused for a long time, after suchdissolutions, to cause others to be elected;whereby the legislative powers, incapable of

annihilation, have returned to the people at largefor their exercise; the state remaining in themeantime exposed to all the dangers of invasionfrom without, and convulsions within.

In 1798, the Federalist-controlled Congress passeda highly controversial set of policies known as theAlien and Sedition Acts. The Alien Act gavePresident Adams the power to expel any foreignersthat he felt might threaten national security; it alsoextended the period of time foreigners needed tolive in the United States before they could apply for citizenship. The Sedition Act declared thatanyone who published false statements about thepresident, his government, or Congress could be fined or put in prison.

Although Jefferson was a member of the government inpower, he was determined to focus on strengthening theRepublican Party and attempting to win the presidency.

Atone point, the Federalists had tried to link Jefferson¶sRepublicans with France¶s ³radical democrats´²thosewhose actions during the French Revolution resulted inwidespreadviolence and terror. The Federalists had sarcasticallylabeled Jefferson¶s Republicans ³Democratic-Republicans.´In 1798, the Republicans adopted this label²

³Democratic-Republican Party´²as their official name.

The Siege of Mecca-Part03.3gp



Over the last few weeks, Members of Congress have been debating their own proposals. And Iwas pleased that Democrats and Republicans in Congress came together a few days ago andpassed a plan to cut spending and keep the government running for two more weeks.


Washington, D.C., was a new capital²and a new city²when Jeffersonbecame president, and few congressmen had homes there. Instead, they livedand ate together in boardinghouses. Over breakfasts and dinners, they hadheated discussions and hammered out the key issues of the day. Therepresentatives tended to socialize with members of their own party²tavernsand boardinghouses tended to attract either Republican or Federalistcustomers, but seldom both.

. . . W e have c alled by different names brethren of the same princ iple. W e are all R epubli c ans, w e are all F ederalists. . . .Let us then, w ith c ourage and c onfi denc e pursue our ow n F ederal and R epubli c an princ iples, our attac hment to union and representative government . K indl y separated by nature and a w ide oc ean from the exterminating havoc of one quarter of the globe; too high-minded to endure the degradations of the others; possessing a c hosen c ountr y , w ith room enough for our desc endants to the thousandth and thousandth generation; entertaining a due sense of our equal right to the use of our ow n fac ulties, to the acquisitions of

our ow n industr y , to honor and c onfidenc e from our fellow c itizens, resulting not from birth, but from our ac tions and their sense of them; enlightened by a benign religion, professed, indeed, and prac ti c ed in various forms, y et all of them inc ul c ating honest y , truth, temperanc e, gratitude, and the love of man; ac know ledging and adoring an overruling P rovidenc e, w hi c h by all its dispensations proves that it delights in the happiness of man here and his greater happiness hereafter² w ith all these blessings, w hat more is nec essar y to make us a happy and a prosperous people? S till one thing more, fellowc itizens² a w ise and frugal Government, w hi c h shall restrain men from injuring one another, shall leave them other w ise

free to regulate their ow n pursuits of industr y and improvement, and shall not take from the mouth of labor the bread it has earned . T his is the sum of good government . . . .



We need to come together, Democrats and Republicans, around a long-term budget thatsacrifices wasteful spending without sacrificing the job-creating investments in our future. Myadministration has already put forward specific cuts that meet congressional Republicanshalfway.

And I¶m prepared to do more. But we¶ll only finish the job together ± by sitting at the sametable, working out our differences, and finding common ground. That¶s why I¶ve asked Vice

The historical sequence that led to these important CGPM decisions may besummarized as follows.

The creation of the decimal metric system at the time of the FrenchRevolution and the subsequent deposition of two platinum standards

representing the meter and the kilogram, on 22 June 1799, in the Archives d e la

Républ ique in Pariscan be seen as the first step in the development of the present InternationalSystem of Units.

In 1832, Gauss strongly promoted the application of this metric system,together with the second defined in astronomy, as a coherent system of unitsfor the physical sciences. Gauss was the first to make absol ute measurementsof the Earth¶s magnetic field in terms of a decimal system based on the t hr ee

mechanical unit s millimeter, gram, and second for, respectively, the quantitieslength, mass, and time. In later years, Gauss and Weber extended thesemeasurements to include other electrical phenomena.

These applications in the field of electricity and magnetism were further developed in the 1860s under the active leadership of Maxwell and Thomson

through the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BAAS). Theyformulated the requirement for a coher ent system of unit s with base units andd er ived units. In 1874 the BAAS introduced the CGS system, athreedimensional

coherent unit system based on the three mechanical unitscentimeter, gram, and second, using prefixes ranging from micro to mega toexpress decimal submultiples and multiples. The subsequent development of

physics as an experimental science was largely based on this system.

The sizes of the coherent CGS units in the fields of electricity andmagnetism proved to be inconvenient so, in the 1880s, the BAAS and theInternational Electrical Congress, predecessor of the International

Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), approved a mutually coherent set of pr act ical unit s. Among them were the ohm for electrical resistance, the volt for electromotive force, and the ampere for electric current.

He is at this time transporting large armies of foreignmercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation andtyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty andperfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, andtotaly unworth the head of a civilized nation.

He has excited domestic insurrectionsamongst us, and has endeavored to bring onhe inhabitants of our frontiers, the mercilessndian savages, whose known rule of warfare, is undistinguished destruction of allages, sexes and conditions.

The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes,Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and providefor the common Defence and general Wel fare of the UnitedStates; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniformthroughout the United States;To borrow Money on the credit of the United States;To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and amongthe several States, and with the Indian Tribes;To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform

Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout theUnited States;To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreignCoin, and fi x the Standard of Weights and Measures;To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securitiesand current Coin of the United States;



President Biden and members of my Administration to meet with leaders of Congress goingforward.


It¶s got to be about how we cut and how we invest [We Become Prophets of the Past to

Capture the UnBorn Future¶s Image]. We¶ve got to be smart about it. Because if we cut back on the kids I¶ve met here and their education, for example, we¶d be risking the future of an entiregeneration of Americans. And there¶s nothing responsible about that.



We¶ve got to come together to put America back on a fiscally sustainable course ± and makesure that when it comes to the economy of the 21st century, our children and our country arebetter-prepared than anyone else in the world to take it on.

Our future depends on it. That¶s not a Democratic or a Republican challenge ± that¶s anAmerican challenge.

We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress, assembled, appealing to theSupreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name, and by the authority of the goodpeople of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare, thatthese united colonies are, and of right ought to be free andindependent states; that they are absolved from all allegianceto the British Crown, and that all political connectionbetween them and the state of Great Britain, is and ought tobe totally dissolved; and that as free and independent states,they have full power to levey war, conclude peace, contract

alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts andthings which independent states may of right do.

1.The functions of a diplomatic mission consist, inter alia, in:(a) Representing the sending State in the receiving State;(b) Protecting in the receiving State the interests of thesending State and of its nationals, within thelimits permitted by international law;(c ) Negotiating with the Government of the receiving State;(d ) Ascertaining by all lawful means conditions anddevelopments in the receiving State, andreporting thereon to the Government of the sending State;(e) Promoting friendly relations between the sending Stateand the receiving State, and developingtheir economic, cultural and scientific relations.2.Nothing in the present Convention shall be construed aspreventing the performance of consular

functions by a diplomatic mission.

The executive Power shall be vested in a President of theUnited States of America. He shall hold his Office duringthe Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President,chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows:Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislaturethereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to thewhole Number of Senators and Representatives to whichthe State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profitunder the United States, shall be appointed an Elector.



And I¶m confident it¶s one we¶ll meet.


And for the support of this declaration, with a firm

reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, wemutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor.

Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of theStates present the Seventeenth Day of September in theYear of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eightyseven and of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth In Witness whereof We have hereuntosubscribed our Names,Go. Washington--Presidt:and deputy from VirginiaNEW HAMPSHIREJohn LangdonNicholas GilmanMASSACHUSETTSNathaniel GorhamRufus King

CONNECTICUTWm. Saml. JohnsonRoger ShermanNEW YORKAlexander HamiltonNEW JERSEY Wil: LivingstonDavid BrearleyWm. PatersonJona: DaytonPENNSYLVANIAB FranklinThomas Miffl in

Robt MorrisGeo. Clymer Thos. FitzSimonsJared IngersollJames WilsonGouv Morris

Let's not jump

e gun. Run a

trajectory

urce computation.

Tech Three slides over

another computer.

I want to know

actly where it's

coming from.

This can't be

ght.

Tech Three just stares

his screen in disbelief.

What's wrong?

Calculated

stance from source is

at three

ndred and eight five

thousand

lometers.

(turning to Supervisor)

It's coming

om the moon.

The Supervisor reaches

er and turns up the volume on

e

speaker. As they listen

the strange TONES we...



[PRESIDENTIAL WEEKLY ADDRESS ASSESMENT PHASE D END OF]

march 05, 2011 word assesment phase a, b, c, d

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