U&iv'i,

Afisui

Expoziliei Cenlenor

Morcel oncu

Poster for the

Morce.loncoCenlenory Exhlbltlon

It1,ze" Notc o dPArOrlRrncrt,ieplembrle rolembrie'96

CO

Centenor

w ffiffiffiI 995Centenory

Mlnister! C!li!r;lUniuneq Arhiieclilor din Rorrernio

Mrz-^ul Notional de Add q Romdnlei

EXPOZT/EEX'IIBITTON

CenlenstItlllrrcel lancv,t 895-1995lo Mrzeu Nofioncl deArtd ol Rorf dniei,Bucure;ii, 1996

()rganizolori:Unluneo Arhitecli or dinRomdn o

Muzeul Nolronc de Artdo RomdnlelSub pctronoluMinisterului Culturildin Romernl,r

Comisarii expoziliei:Anco lloccnelDono Herboy

R ea lizat'o rii se cti e i d e

orhiteclurd;Anco Bocirnef,Nicoloe Loscu,

Ano Morlc Zchoriode

Reolizalorii secltei depict'urd 5i grofica:Dcno Herboy,Rodico Moiel,Mcricnc Vido

Colaboratori;Geo Serbon,Anco Tomc;evschi Sondu,Rodico Morlon

Design pentru secltode orhitecturd si ofi5;

loon Cuciurcdt

Mochete.Proleci Bucuresti, S. A.

PCT

Mullumiri;Persoone particuIore;Dodi .lcnco, Tel AvivMonico Vieru, BucureslSteven Jonco, MonlreoAdincr Reich, Tel AvlvV odimir Pcrnd, BucuresliAdincr Ncnu, BucuregtiColeclioncri porticulori decrld ce doresc sd rdmdndononimi

Bibliotecc Acodemlei,Bu cu resliMuzeu Lilercturil RomcneB u cu regli

Saonsori:Federollo ComunltdrfiLorEvreiegti din RomanioAmboscrdo lsroe u ui inRomdnicPCTProiecl Bucuresii, SA

MarceI tancoGentenary,t 895-1995he Ncl ono Mrseun :'

Art of Romonio, Bucnoresi1996

Or5lanizers:Th-^ Union of Architects olRomcrnloThe Nolionol Museum ofArt of RomcnicUnder the poironoge ofihe Minisiry of Cu lure ofRomcrnio

Curators.Ancc BoconefDono Herbcry

The a rchit'eclu re sect'ion

was done by:Anco Boconel,Nico cre Loscu,

Ano Morc Zohoriode

The painling and grophicseclion nos done by.Dono Herboy,Rodico Molei,Moricrno Vido

Confribulors;Geo $erbcn,Anco Tomosevschi Sondu,Rod.o /V\oilon

Design for lhe architeclureseclion ond post'er:oon Cuclurcd

ModelsProlect Bucuresl , S. A.

PCT

Ackn owled g m en ts.

lndividualsDodi .lcnco, Tel AvivMon ccr Vieru, BuchorestSleven .]onco, MonlreclAdino Relch, Tel AvivVlcdimir Pcndr, BuchcrestAdino Nonu, BuchorestPrivole orl colleclorswho wish lo remclno no nyrn o us.

lnstitutions.Librory of lhe RomonionAcodemy, BuchoresiMrseum of RomcnionLllercrlu re, Buchoresl

Soonsors:Tlie Federction of rhe lewlshCommunilies of RomcnioEmbcssy of sroeJ ln

RomcrnloPCT

Proiect Bucuresli, SA

CAIALOECenfenarMarceI lancu,ta95 - 1995

Editor.Edlturc SimetrloUn uneo Arhitecti or dlnRomcnicr

Coordonat'ort.Ancc BoccnelNlcoloe Lcrscu

Anc Mcrlo Zohcrricde

lextesi sel ecil o i I u st'rali i I o r:

Ancc BoccnelDcrno HerboyNico cre LcscuRodico MoteiGeo SerbonMorlcrno VidcrAno Mcrrio Zohcrriode

Traducerect,leclurasi corectura lexlelor;Mcrgdo Teodorescu

Desian.ocrn [,1]c[]rco:

Emi ion Muregcrn

Folografii piclurdsi groficd;George DumrlriuMinervo Vd eonuVlod Co ilcr

f otagtatil -

arhilecturd:Arhlvo fomi lej Jonco,Tel AvivAnccr BoconelGheorghe DumitruAno Morio ZchcrricdeGeorge Dumitriu

Desene dupd proteclelede arhileclurd:Bogdcn lonescuHorincr CrlstecRomincr DebrezeniDen so Scmson,Andreeo Cel MoreMihoe o MlrcecrAnc Pelton

P roce sa re co m p u le ri zald :

Computer Publishing CenterAdrlon ArseneDcn Andr-^i

Cenlrulur SOROS pentruArld Contemporono

TipograheDrul leril t!P Amste dom

Coto og lipcrrit in 2OO0de exempLore

Copyrighl: UniuneoArh tecti or din Romdnlo

Tlporit in 1996

GAfALOEUEMarcel tqnaoGentenary,ta95 - 1995

PublisherSimelr cr Publishing HouseThe Union of Architects olRomonio

Coordination:Anco BocdrnefNlcoloe LcscuAncr Moric Zchoriode

Texts and seiecttonof illuslralions:Anco BoctrnelDono HerbcyNico oe LcscuRodiccr McrteiGeo $erbonMorioncr VidoAno Mcr o Zohorlode

Translat'ion,languoge supervtsionond proofreading.Mogdcr Teodorescu

Graphic Designaon I llat|rco"Em lon Murescn

Ph otog ro phs of po i nt'i n g s

and graphic works:George DumilriuMinervo VdLeonrV od Co llo

Photographs for thearchit'eclure seclion;

.lcnco fomiy Archive,Tel AvivAnco BocdnelGheorghe DumitruAno Mcrio ZohoriodeGeorge Dumitriu

Drawings from the

orhilect'ure praiects:Bogdcn onescuHorino CrlsieoRomlno DebrezeniDenrscr Scmson,Andreeo Cel MoreMihce o MirceoAno Pellon

Compuler design:Compuier Publlshing CenterAdrron ArseneDon Andrei

Acknowledg nents:SOROS Center forConiemporcry Arts

Printed by:Drukkerll SSP, Amslerdom

Printedin 2000 copies

Copyright Un unecA hltecl or din Romonlo

Prtnred in 1996

Cenlenar Marcel lancrg SUMAR1895-1995 COilTElttsMarcel Jqnco CenlenatyI495-1995

Ale<ono'u Be,di'nan9 Cuvernt inoinie

Foreword

Roxana TheodorescuI I Cuvdnl inointe

Foreword

Geo SerbanI 5 Morce oncu Locul sl stoiuro

Morce Jonco - Ronk cnd Scope

Anca Bocdnet2A Mcrcel loncu Arhitect

Mcrcel Jonco -The Architect

Anca Bocdnel, Ana Moria Zahoriade52 Proiecie de orhiteciuro

Architeclure proiects

Dana Herboyl3Q Cdtevc considerotii privind evo ulio sl listicd o picturii

lui Mcrcel loncu in oerioodcr 1922-1940Some remorks on the sty istic evoluiion of Morcel.lcnco's pcrinling beiween 1922 l94A

Dano Herbay136 Expozitii in Romonio, l922-1939

Exhibitions rn Romonio 1922 1939

Dana Herboyl40 Coic og Picturo

Colo og re Dc t'r 9

Marion,: Vidr:174 Grofico ui Morce loncu si metomorloze e limboju ui

p cstic de ovcrngorddMcrrce Jonco's grophic crt ond the meiomorphosesof the ovcnlgcrde oguoge ln fine orls

Mctriana VtdaI Aa Coio og. C,o' < o

Cctc ogue. Grophlc works

Nicolae Lascu

212 Arhileciuro in eseuri e ui Morce oncuMorce Jonco's essoys on crchllecture

217 Morce oncu: Texte despre orchiteclurdMorce Jonco: Texts on crchiteciure

Rodico Matei241 Mcrce cncu 9i gonduri despre orio

Morce Jonco ond some thoughts cbout orl

242 Morce cncu: Texte despre crtdMorce Jorco: lo.ls or o'

25O Crono ogieC o.o ooy

256 Bib iogrofie selectivdSe ective bibliogrophy

25a Provenienio i usirctiilorSource of i lustrolions

ln onu 1992, Uniuneo Arhitecli or din Rom0nio orgoni-6 ^ poz 'ic f ^1 orqr -or o C'eorgo ., oL q . o d

o.ll^l .r p og o.r da. a.. ^lo a o-a^or^r I io | ^lurcr si orlisic ce oveo co rosl punerec in circulolie ounor vo ori pulin studiole.Ar rr lor r .crtologL e.poz ^ C ^o go oo r otoo o do o e coll rr o p og o-n de n orre loricclre, pe de o porte, sd reconstrtue curente ortisttce, inonscmblu or 9i, pe de oltrr pcrie, sd reo zeze pr+zenldri monogrcrfice ole unor personol loli de morcdcrle curentu ui respectrv. Pe crceosld lnie, in 1993'imgreund cu Muzeu Noiiono de Artcr ol Romdniei si

Artexpo, Uniuneo Arhitecli or o orgonlzcrl expozitio,,Bucuresti -onii l92O 1940, intre ovcrngordd si modernism". Asidzi,

.impreund cu Muzeul Nofionol de ArtO,

r- a"r ro rro .o p a/er o1 e.pozil o Cele orVo"-t or , so-i o do rr or p rrooog ^lcbo oprin griio unui co ecliv de posionofi cerceldtori ci crieisl orhiiecturii moderne.crid certevc dinlre molivele oenlru core om o es ccl

obiecl o studiu ui nosiru epocc modernitdlii inlerbe ice;I Credinlc noosird cd societdlil romdnesti contemporone ii esle necesord pentru o rccordore cdl moiropidc o normo ilole oducereo cr cunostinid o loiceeo ce o insemnoi democrcrtie sl vo oore in istoriorooslrd Perioodo interbelico, in ciudo scdderi or ei

e e'a e e .i zoro d^ ro.o ol^.eo r oi op op,:o 1-'t p d^ v^r' ia pa (o,e e oir.. I -oo

: gur, ceo in core democrottc o funciionot ce moi bine.

- Epoccr respeciivo ero preo pufin cercetotd, ce putinJo-- orl l^. -- s - Tbon >m r,r- dc'r , rn c e ol

:rie or ploslrce, muzrcr, efc.3. Decenii e trei si polru o e ocestui seco se bucurd::idzi de un interes deosebit in mediile cu luro e inier-:tionc e. Expoziiii vosie insotile de cctolooge exhcus',e, punOnd in voloore sludii recente, circu d in ioote::ciiole e cu turole ole umii. Bucuresiiu si Romcnlo,:: cie in ccele timpuri

.inlr-o ironsformcre reo menle

-:,,o lllonord, sunl ostdzl incd uttoie, degi poirimoniu:-- iecturo si ortistlc exlslenl oici esie de-o remorcobilo:: iicie.

---iieclu Morce loncu esle cruloru pr mei consiructii-'-Cerniste din Bucuresii Coso oncu din str. Moximillonr-cper nr. 55 unde, printr un efort nu imposibi de'r:-1, s-or puleo ornenoia o cosd memorio d core sd i

: -:rie numele. Dor crncu o fosl'in egc d mdsurd un--orrlonl plcsticicn, scenogrof, designer de inlerior si

:= nobilier, precum si un teorelicicn o orte or p osttce. : crhilecturii. Ceeo ce ni se pore insd mci evidentin::-sono lloleo so esie noto conslruclivd, core -o fdcul.: ie mo oproope de pozitivismul Bouhousu ur, decot;= -'f l ismu miscdrii Dodo, lo o ccrrei crparilie o fosi,:= : ie, pdrtos, o cturi de Tzoro s. o. Numoi o9c ne

-,: :drn efo*ul inde ungol pe core lcncu o desfogu-

--=-': itctii generole, pentru o introduce in Romdnior- :- de dupo pr mul rczboi mondio vo orl e cu lurole: = -cdernitdrtil exislente in Europc occidento d.-::- io Contimporonului, pe core l-o condus oldturi- \ ^eo irp de ,/^ce a' or, olo ^ p ,b ote r

:.--i orerirloes rL 1.'-tL oo.e,Qo' : je ortcr plosticd gi scu plurd pe core leo orgoni-

--: -- lceo epocd in Bucuregii, lo core ou fosi prezen-

- .--:lno itofr de primc mdrime o e ortei europene,: =-,- K ee, Schwilers, Arp, etc. stcru

: -o6-Ja.i.,qu'a..,: ---o de folo isi propune sd reconstiluie ce o.=--: Mcrce loncu in crimosfercr culturclo o: -:- e lnierbe ice, dromolic scuricircuitotd de regi

=-: o tore.

bore y studiedn the Crecrngcr - coic ccre ,.,re exc'esseC our1'eT-io'-a.at-/o o por't^ co c o.tr'.lo o' Io or e l-oro /.o o e.o' I - ' er-o o ,c..

lrends os o whole, ond on lhe other hond, wou dissue monogrcphs on oulslcnding persono ilres re oied-o9s apol.ro |^r o l '' ow - oQo oqoirew - - e \o'io.ol M ,.ou-r or Art ol Romonicr #oAr.texpo, the Union of Architects set up ihe exhibition:,,Buchoresl in the l92Os l94Os, beMreen Avontgorde ond Modernism". Now, together with theNoiiono Museum of Art of Romonio, we ore reody lop c ^11 te e,hib o. Mo..e Jor, o C^r e o,r,ord or o,er.\,tr ColOlogLA p apo eo by o .eo^ o[.or-,ed r^saoru^e 5 r l-e olo ol mooern or crnocrch ileclure.llere ore some of lhe reosons underying our choice tostudy the cge of inlerwcr modernilyl. We be ieve thoi todoy's Romonion sociely - in

order io ioke up ils normo course bod y needs io belnformed on lhe meonrng of democrocy ond ils vcr uesrn our hrstory The inlerwor "zone", despite its inherenlshortcomings, ls the c osesl lo our perceplion of normo-liry o d " do-beoy cr per'od *^elle r ec' olr )ode o o,/ope'oedo11^ oe.2. Thls oge hcs been hord y opprooched so for, notonly in the fie d of modern ort ond crchileclure, buiol .o r tho-ol [i-o o r o'rd -"rL rit.3. The internotiono cu lurol mi ieus hove shown o soecio inierest ln the ihird ond fou*h decodes of this century Lorge exhibitions ore being sei ond ihoroughcola ogues, bringing to the fore vcluoble reseorch in

the field, ore plnied cnd circu ote in olmosl o I cuhuroccpiio s of the wor d. Buchcresi ond Romonio, whichwitnessed tremendous revo ulronory chonges duringlhot period, ore sli ignored, clthough the quo ity of theexisting orchiiecturo crnd crlislic helloge is remorkob e.Mcrrce Jonco is lhe orch lecl of the first modernislhouse in Buchoresl, the.lonco Building, ot 55Moximi ion Popper Slreet, where o memorlo ploce iobeor his nome con be orronged, which does not oskihe impossible from us ButJonco was equo y onimportont orilsi, o sloge des gner, on rnlerior cnd furnrture designer os well os o iheorisl in ihe field of ort ondorchit-^cture. We think thot ihe most slrikino fecfrrre ofhls chorocler is his conslruclive spill, whlci drew him

c oser io the Bouhous positivism rother thcn to the nihi

lism of the Dodo movemenl, lo whose birth he cclrvelypor ' pcleo ogat^e wih zo'a oro o'^e o'l ls. 'sexplolns the long ond steody effortJonco took, ofterhls relurn from the West (by the end of 1921), to fightogoinsi the current menlo ilres in order io iniroduce,immediotely ofter World Wor , the exisling vo ues ofmodernily in Weslern Europe. The publicotion ofConlinporc:nul, which he coordinoted iogether withon Vineo for o mosi len yeors, hls crrtices prlnled in

vorious periodicols, his eclures ond, losl but not ecsi,the pclnting ond scu piure exhibitions he sei up duringthoi oge in Buchcrresl, where hlgh y ronked personc i

ties in ihe Europeon crt were presenl, such os. K ee,Schwiiers, Arp, etc., testify for his oclivism .

This exhibition cims to recopiure ihe meoninq ofJonco's work within ihe overcll cu turo bockground ofinterwor Romcnic, dromotico y cut off due to ihe iolo I

iorion regimes thot fo owed

ln )992 lhe Unlcr.:1-,- :-.l^e^'^brl o io ; : l:.n ng O progrOmme l- -:):l---cnd ortisiic phenorre.c' -::--

\lexattdrtt Beldiman Alexandru Beldinun

( e-"l b tc ' o )o o Llo-"1 oq5r l jp-^a ^\llo./r- ^'Cedicoto cenlenorului Morce oncu si oporitio coloogu ui core reunesle cdlevcr imporlonle studi osup,O o rivi o de oo e". 01 p' ,o :i e ori-io^ , O^

orh teci o unuio dinlre cei moi importonfi reprezen-icnti oi cvongcrdei romdnesti si internotionole. CuMcrcel cncu, Muzeu Nolronc de Arto olRomoniei incepe serio mcnifestdriloro't\O, lo-e n (O- 'or Cr^o,li do crOrqo,OO O t

oa'oooo r*e.oe, co \ ,-o de p ^.iigYu p,grr p

Vrclor Brouner, lorie Voronccr, B. Fundoionu,M t Mo,y. ior s Monis Te '-:cr Co rol u

V Io]esc,. M'o Po-cr..r 16, !i1s6 or \ )Iteroti, reunil in iuru unor indrdznele monifesleleorelico eslellce dddeou.noslere unei orte despovo-role de orice inhibiiie.[,o rereo oelrolet 'o c Go el e \otio, o e ,i

d'.erSe e,po,,i't ^-"to-.e o I o', .O, oe-O . ,re ,l ii-r_C ' .t 'oti OporriTO ,O r,eoro.,lor O,f n .rco.^"O oecvcrngorda, dor ocum incercom so prezenlom pent. ori-o dc o ,' reogo ociivi o-e oos-cr r ro'o ir

Romonio de Mcrrcel loncu, ceeo ce vo permile redi.re^soloeo16.rlr iy.o d^e.r'r J^1o.,. od,ovongordei, ci sl in contextul intregii orle inlerbe iceromernesii.Reiro,pe livO ffo uO.to eT ^ or I MOr, ^ Cr-. J S'

otoogt.o.eo I oe aS.. roor r .to tr'ttrr\esi conslonie cerceldri inlreprinse de rslorici de orld slcrrhilecli penlru descifroreo 9l c orificoreo persono-totii orlisiului C porle .insemnotd

o coloioqu ui, reo,7atc).t sp'i , Ur 'riAht^. ]o-,e^/'t oo. liv-o-6 lo 61t-,r", r o r Mor, ^ lo,. , poro otr -n op,o_ooe ra, . ro, tlo. i ve., oo- ie . o egi o, o,lt o-ntr. r; -co lo u^ccr po',e.or llr r go tro,ro, o. .le o'\ l ( ;\^ pe oep I 'rovoioora.Jor e' ,'d d" orrpo p-^1e^ o,a o oar ers lr'o :

o oi io J'ir Qro,,,o I tiMor,tr o.r I pe,o-ep-lpi.1 g.'o e(oo./-O,elrg peeliyq ^/-ee o-"1 J. o

, e pri" rd o, ^- dor 6:1 r 6, .;aq'e or -,, o^rdeosebi jo onori cu corocler documenlor stiinfific,orc pLr tt er'der*o eiooelo oo -L r\a si ero .o

isticd o oulorulLtr.: oo,, iio s' , o-olo9-l r . s o '. p ,llcor .zo ,o,o

.rar e-o\' jpo-ol M ro,l-' C I' io- o tronstitutii si fundoiii din lcro si din stroindtole.Aducem mu iumiri]e noostre muzee oT core ne-cu^mprumutot ucrdri oflote in polrimonru de ccre. ispu n.

Sunlem recunoscallori co eciionori or core ou occeo-'oi sd ne

.incredinteze din comorile lor odunote si

,onseTvcle cu otdio doruire.V l'.r'ir de osero oo ro-, Fo (o A p-, efg.' ' n r r.o .i poS' r1a oJ cont' bri /o -eo] zo eo:xpozifiei si cl colo ogu ui.

Roxuna TheodorescuJirector generoi: Muzeului Nolionol de Artd ol Romcniei

We ore hoppy , ...- -r-- -- -,- : ,- :-rr- ::lo-l ^\o'o o .

occosion of Mc'c: ,:- -, i -:- -- I t: ...: lslocoioog - c ') ..- r r ' : -decling wlth the cc-ir,i i :. -:--:- 3 j =- :,oc,r cortist, Jnd orchiieci corr ec l,' c., .re oj ihe- nosioutstondinct represerlolive cf ihe Rcncrlcn ondrnlernolioncr ovcnfqcrde.The "Mcrcel Jcnco Exhibit on" ooens o seres ofexhibitions dedlcoted lo the Romcnicn ovcntoordemovemenl in cri during the nterwor period. TEoiwos ihe lime when prom nent personclilies, such osVictor Brouner, llorie Voronco, B. Fundoionu(Bo' ,o'n r toroore) M. F. Mo"y lo' MorsTeutsch, Corneliu Mrchoiescu, Mi lto polroscu, lonVineo, os wel os olher ortlsis ond wlters qotheredo'oLno i^ique .reorcti o or o oorrl e, io-.to,lo,reori -o ,. leos[ , -ori"e enero e.,-l e \oiiorol Go.lo,y l-o' sl-o*"r', - pe -o1e'rlord tl "^1oli. o, b orl e worl o ,Le ouon oo oeorli .ts o d no o e p'oor-o -o p eser - n. noto -r, olMor.e ]or co. worl , reo ^d ^ Rororio. We or-sure thot o ccreful siudy of this exhibitron wi I o low'o, q. f .or revi.ioi or l- s ,o,e w ll r- tl-^Romcnion ond inlernolionol ovcni-aorde in ort.Th s retrospeclive show ond the .olo oor" ore wor-t7 o,tp:. of . oody o o o. .oo o5o! L .o rieo

?,'by o - L'sro'o ,. or o c cl- rec-. ^rgoqod irdecoding ond high ighiing some feoiu-res"of MorcelJo^ o. ( or pe, o.d ,r q-o pe'\o'ro i'r. A q^i'.ro'r oo o ll .s coro'oq.e ro wti, r rno U ioi orA'<l r^. ts groolly o'tr'o,ted, oao ( w-- o e . \died cnd, obviously, unknown fcce of Morcel,o't,o(o v-y o,oT o,t o r. C, co aoq,A\'tr,eo . f, h qh g" 5 .r's wo- o\ o oior ^e, d oo i^gpursuer of new conslr uclive lormuloe. The exhibitionwi I o so help us lo better undersiond Morcel]o' . o " oop oo! Le o, o poi-rer o.d g,opl- - o.'tlhe . o-o'og ra con r er'o ie' )eel to loyo ri _c,^riiro ddo rte, o.vlor oror.'^o.J'cler e Lesty s..loges or.o w^.- ll- o g ol ' .o.gn l.,,o.o.lBoll'l- s A/.r'oi o'r o.cl ne,oooO]^ cor d nohove been produced wilhoui the r[luob e ossision-.e ol le M r' I'y ol C.l-l'e o^o'l - qF'^ oLj .ppori ol I a po- po'rq lo rrdor o.. oro i,r,l orfrom Romonio ond from obrood.We o-e g oo fr to le r o'\, 'r ,e r 5 o1o privo.ecol o.io wl o er 1l o *oil ) ro il ) show. Weoppreciote ihe contribution of ihose who treosuredoo',iorote,,l ooTl Fo o1o ore<triveo er 'l o'lg.houl the yeors.We wou d olso ike to thonk ol , whose hord, eor' e,'wor( ord s eod'os oe seveterce 1e ppo i^ s

oaoJ ^ino; 01.orero5- .ebs' r.tlon.

Roxanq TheodorescuGenero Direclorof the Nolioncrl Museum of Art of Romonio

Pictor, grcficion, ilustroior de lexle, reo izoior dedecoruri de leolru, orhilect, urbonisf, conferenlror si

comentolor pe teme de ociuo ttole in perimelru orieior frumoose, Mcrrcel loncu c fosi posesoru ocestormultip e inzeslrdri sl cevo moi mu t. o prezenlc influentd, onimctor exlrem de dinomic in domeniie competenlei sole, promoiorul unei oplici moderne, suple,orientole spre emoncipcreo energiilor creotocre deriscu imiiorilor si morginolizorii (provincio rsm, opoiie,comodrlole conluncluro d, oportunism gregor), preo,cupot sd inldriure orice cr dimlnuo sonsele Cperei dec rdspunde exigenlelor vclorice outentice si comu-ricdri cu un pub ic cupr nzdlor.-od^,o -o'o r opeoo^.re ' .e drop-c o Romoniei, cernd se osocio cu crlti doi co egi de o,eomd peniru cr foce sd crpcro proprio or ievistc.Simbolul (1912) De pe ciunci se vo ordto dispus, 1o

orice vdrsld, sd invesieoscd virtuii de neoboslt fondcr-cr, fiind prologonlsl enluziost'in cel putin clie irei-nprelurol Coboret Vo tc re \Zfric6, l 9l 6 - imp-ernd cu Hugo Boll, Hons Arp Hue senbecl si com:otrioiul sdu Triston Tzcro), redoclia Conlinporonul3rcuresli, 1922 1932, crldturi de lon Vineo), in fine,r llod (co onic de p cst cient, infilnloto in 1953, nu

reoorle de Ho fo), fecund oleller co ecliv de picturo,.:.,lipluro, grovurd, topiserie si scocld deschisd gene-:r ior linere, c cdrei crctivitole c impu stonot-o pOnA: sfOrsilul zi elor, .in

crpri ie 1984. Nu se puieo oc-ci potrivit decdt oici penlru un muzeu memolcl con,:cul o ref eclo omplo lroiectorie urmotd de Morce:rcu intr o corierd pro ifico, de nolurd sd copleze-':resul cerceldtori or incd mutd vreme de ocurl-:o o.---e exponote e memorio u ui E n Hod, un outopo lrel

: e si cdlevo desene f r,eozo fozo debulu u lo cr

::-o cdnd oriistul in devenrre cbicr trecuse progu- ar' a1 oi D o.o, to oo L Mo at o1t , o -lon

i=.-:i inir o oimosferd inie ecluold imbibotc de impu:' conleslolore, sincronlc conectole cr froniurll-^: , -iei europene, premergdioore inldiu ui rdzboi- --dlcr. A fost, moi inloi, impcrciul fulurlsmu ui,

- : :nio prompic 'in Romdnto o osolluri or furtosului'--- relli Colncidenlc onsdrii 'ir oceeosi zi - 2a:=:',or e 1909 - cr primu ui Monifesl fuiurist in frcrn-

,=-- (/e Frgaro) si rom0nd lDenocrolio) o morcot- :o.ltu unel sust nule componii. lmedioi, o c io.,: :ctie romdneoscdr, Biblioteco modernd, pre.,a=.'- rlonifeslu ui si deveneo, crpoi, un fel de sucur, ,: :.llurisld, ocordond spoftu tuturor lexte or progro'' -e onsole {pe porcursul onilor l91O 191 2) de

= , rl Morinelti: pictori, oomeni de teoiru, muzi--- nc usiv ddri e de seomd despre fu minonle e

- -ri (Mllcrno, Veneiio, Turin), copobi e sd scooto: :ie multimile o mori dislonle. Ercu urmdrile pro-

-': ilerore corespunzdloore: romofu ]ui F T.' -=tit Mafarka, fulurislulsi plochetele demonslro-

= : : poelilor Enrico Ccvocchio i, G. P Lucini,

' - , ]uzzt. Principcr ii pictori oi misccrii, Boccionr,

iiric:ae .cico ,los o pointer, o orophic ortist, o the-o-ie sce:rery Cesigner, c ltercry text il ustrolor, os we I

os cr ctchiteci, cn urbon-p onner, o leclurer crnd ononc ysi of currenl events ln lhe reo m of ftne crts.Undoubtedly, he wos very much gifted ond yet therewos something more thol mode him on inf uenlicr personolity, o coiolysl in o lhese f eids o promoler ofmodern, f exrbe direclions meoni to ibercrte lhe cre-oiive energies from the risI of morginolity cnd vcriousbounds (i e. provincio sm, crpothy,

'recdy-mode

ihruths, ond gregorious opporlunisiic gesture).Mo-^ovo I o uvo' o wo7 oior o' d .-odZ -o q^ iool whcrtever mrqht hold lhe Work of ort bccli fromresponding the requiremenis of crulhenilc vc ue ond,ol ihe some fime, from estcbl shlng o genuine com-munlcotion with the pub ic oi orge.t^ wo' i.y .1 6 leorsgar o I g. c, ^oo p ,pr ,

Buchoresi, when he ond lwo oiher motes pub shedtheir own mogozine, Simbolul(The Symbol) tn l9i2From ihen on, no moller how old he wcrs he neverspored himself to set lhe bo I rolling, which proves thothe wos o true founder. There were ot ieosl lhreeocccrslons when he enlhusioslicc y took port ln suchunderlckings. The flrst one wcs hrs coporiicipoilon in

Ccboret Volioire (Zurlch, 1 9l 6 togeiher wirh HuqoBo] Lor. Arp l-.e5o^[6'., or o - (or lzoo rcompotrioi), the nexl one wos lhe Contimporonulmogozine (1922 I932, together with lon Vineo),crnd fino ly his work.for, Ein llod (1he pointer co orysel up in 1953, not for from llcifo) o fe ti e co Jeciiveworkshop for pcrinting, scu plure, engr oving topistry,ond whot is more, o schoo opened fo the youncergenerclion, whose oclivily he effeciively direcled untihis deoth ln Apri I 984. There wos no better p oce foro memoriol museum opt lo show evidence of M..,lonco's pro rfic coreer over the yeors, o lifetlme cholcnge for crny scholor indeed.Among the exibils in Ein Hod memorlc museum, thereis c se f-porircit (oi on convos) ond few other drcwings thoi mode his debut cs on odolescenl. Jcnco'sprecocify monlfested ogo nsl on nlel eciuc boc[<ground permeoted with rebe lious drives, synchronico -

y reloted lo lhe Europeo n fronde evo ving oround lheWor d Wor l. Firsi, there wos ihe impoct of the FuiuristMovemenl cnd the Lrnsrpected response thoiMcrrinetli s furious ossou ls hod n the Romonrcrnpub ic By woy of coincidence, the flrst FuiuristMonifeslo wos crunched simu loneous y onFebruory 20ih, 1909 ln the French moqozine /eFigaro and in lhe Romonicn mogozine Democrc:tfic:,which mode o slorl for o susloined ccmpoign rn

Romonio. Shorty ofierwards, Bibliateca Moierno,onolher Romonicn mogozine, pub rshed lhe some texlogcrin, crnd become o kind of Fuiurist bronch thotwould print (between l9l0 l9l 2) o the monifestosbelonging io Morinetti s portisons (pcrinters, p cry-

wrights, musicrons), ond even the minuies of their slormy reunrons (in Mi crn, Venice, Turin) copob e lo unle-

MAP.CEL 'ANCU

-Locvl si stalsra

Geo Serbqrt

MAR.CEL IANCO .Rank and Scope

t5

i"ll'l.

.'li reiil si grupr de lo''_:::'C-"1 930. t'-;-i rf a it-a

-3;-3,.,' g13up, 1930

i{I :Pru{:fiI il .:1- !i t

'%

Corro, Russoo, Severini oiung reoiiv repede so fereprodusi in revistele de orgcr oudienld lLlniversul literar,3A morlie '1914)

Nlmic surprinzdlor crrnd, cuacazia ptezentei lo Bucuregti o Iiderului, in 1930,Mcrcel oncu vo itne so precizeze opdsot: fuiurismuc losf scoolo noostro. El ne-o onimoi cu pulere de simbol, lo izvoru idee or sole om crescul, aflr ole i elclf u nosiTu"I. Pcrro el, rdzbcrl ecouri multiple dindireclic cubismu ui. lncercoreo limpurie de sintezoleoreiicd cr ui Gleizes si Metzinger ero lmediol consernnold chior in efemero revistd Si,nbolul editoto deloncu si omicir ui Deschidereo de orizont, ofinitolilelolenle pentru loote monifestcrri e de independentcrcreolocre, gustu inovoirei isi qdsecu suport in inta nireo cu pdnzele ui Andre Dercin e>puse in laoo loAieneu Romon {9i opol reproduse, oni in sir, prin ziorele vremii, de pildo in Seoro, a 1914, unde igi fdceoucenrcio de grcficlon Morce crncu), co si descoperi-rec lui Apollinoire din Alcooles, pe iorg comentot lcr

Bucuregli, o mcri pulin de un crn dupo lonsorec volumului lo Poris (19i3) Este, ostfel, explicobii de ce, 1n

drum spre Elvetio pentru o se dedico studiior deoli-o, 'o O Po -e.r o ai^ Z' .^ 1 oo1 ao j1915 ioncu progromeozd escoe lo MLjnchen s

Co onic (Koln) pentru a se pune o curentin muzee si

expozifii (Sonderbund) cu ultime performcrnte o emodernitdtii - pe urmele lui Cezcnne, von Gogh, prinPicosso 9i, evidenl, Deroin preocupol scr desdvorse-oscd iniliereo.incepuio occscr, sub indrumoreo luise12.

ntro, de o incepui, in sirucluro persono ilotii ui

Morce lcncu o dublo so icitore. pe de o pcrte, se

osh the energies of peop e oll over The recders wereintroduced lo such iexts os Morinetii's Mafarko, lheFuturisl \c: nove ) ond ihe poetic demonstrcrlions ofEnrico Covocchio i's, G.P.Lucini's, Poolo Buzzi'sbooks The mcrjor poiniers work (Boccioni, Corro,Russo o, Severini) wcs printed in wide y recd mogozines lUniversul lilerar, for instonce, on Morch 3Oth,I 9l 4) So we shou d noi wonder why Morcel Jonco,on the occcsion of the Fulurisl ecder's visit in

Buchoresi, in ,1930, empholico ly sioted 'Futurism

wos our own school. lts symbo enerqized everyone,( ) r^ tod or i doo o 1s . ^. g.he^^d o ,. ^-tlsiosm'1. n porcr lel, echoes of the cublst lrend wereoso heord on the Romonion scene. Geizes ondMelzinger s eorly ollempt lo lheoreliccrly formu ote its

direclion wcs immediotely printed in thct shortivedmogozine, Sinbolul,pub ished by Morce .lcnco ondhis peers. He discovered the imogery of new horizonslhol were opening wide, his loient offinities wiih oryklnd of se f re iont ond unbound crective monrfesto-lion, os we I os his tosle for innovotion reflecled in

Andre Derotn s pointings exhibited ln 1919, in thefoyer of ihe Romonion Atheneum {his poiniings wereclso prinied for yeors rn lhe mogcrzines of thotlime, forinslonce, in Seoro, tn 1914, where Morce Jcnco wosopprenliced to grcphic ort). His spirituo growlh wosc so lnfluenced by Apol inoire's A/cooles, whosepoelry wos commenled ot length in Buchcresl, shorlycfter ils pub icotion ln Poris ( 1 91 3 ) n fcci, thoiexp cins why Morce Jonco, on his lourney to Zurich(io study orchiiecture) in l9l 5, schedu ed some sio-povers in Munich ond Koln. He wonted to updote hisinformcrtion on ihe lotesl developmenls in modernily,cnd visil exhibitions (Sonderbund) ond museunrs,ooking for C6zonne, Von Gogh, ond Picosso s poinlings, obvious y onxious lo enrich ond comp ele hiseducction in the field he hod been firsi tutored byl se 12.

From lhe very beginning .]cnco s personoliry wcs driven lo lwo distincl directions. On the one hond, he fe t

on inner urge lo breok rules, lo outstrip f rozen conons,while on the other hond, he obhored gregorious nihrlism ond thot kind of conlestotion thol wou d soon mellinlo dissolving exlrovogonce His p cyfu spirit, ondinveniiveness he ped him fiqht roulif e, thouqh heowoys restroined himself from cynicc orrooonce thotI o 1 1 .e o- roqeo .s or e1r' y. I e ti*led

Porte lll r-o ^a o livor- l^ orb o, . e o' Cooor"-Voltoire becouse he himself wcs ottrocted by iheexplosive meonings of the croiesque p oy wiih mcsques he clso mode such mosl s - cnd let himselfccughl into lhose hislrionrc impromplus of Ihe sinulta-neous dicrlogues lL'oniral cherche une moison dlouer)3 filed with the onti-conformist joyfulness.However, he drew oport from Triston Tzorcr (his formercol ecgue frorn Simbolul ) once the rebel ious dodospirit seemed to turn io futile insligotion, on o ldevostoting excess ikely io exhcusi ony creolive crysto izo-

simte lrezisiibil clros de ioi ce inseomnd sporqereotipore or, depdsireo conoone or onchilozote, spirilinsurecliono - pe de olto porle, ii repugno nihilismurudimenior, refuzd lronsformoreo conlesioliei inexlrovogonid dlzolvonto. Ludlcu, inventivitoleo foniezisto ii slou lc indemond cc o replicd stenico o ruli,no, cu gri o de o nu oluneco in cinism orogonl, esuolin zono periferico o excentricildli or sccndo oose. E

se vo lnleqro perfect in ombionto cornclvcJ escd oCobcreiu ul Voloire, otros de sensul dinomilord oliocului grolesc cu mo9ti, pe core e si confeclioneozocu oceeosi dezinvo lurd histriontco pusd in dicloguri esimullane, o scend deschlso lL'anirol cherche unenaison c: louer)' , inir-o mo rpsiioore dispozitie onli-:onformisld. Dcrr, se delimiieozo de Trlslon Tzoro (fos'; componion de lo Simbolu{, imedtot ce spirituL-ebel dcdcist dd semne de o olunecc spre frondc)e zo'o l a tr\ce\ op\o.loor "eros o roe':i slc izdr cTeotoore. Semnlflcoliv esle cd, desi s o

:csit de c incepul in miezu miscorli Dodc, loncu nu

.-o revendrcci a tout pris dtn dodaism, inleresoi, moi,,rond de egilimiioteo roportdr i o construcllvtsm!r-efero sd se denurneoscd arlisl radicctl, delimitot in

=cc d mdsurd de conservolorismu obiuz, lribulor-:-eie or imprumulole dln orsenc u vefusl o iluz onis--r ui (estelico occdemizontd o imitoliel dupo noturc),:-ecum si de cochelcrrio filistino cu un crvongordism':jus cr $ocurile oplicote osistenlei perplexe in fofo,=rzcliei cd or fi viclimo unel forse. Docd, in primu

-:2, cr uniformizorii irodilionoliste, deplerngeo soro: -ec orlel pono lo punciul de cr i se onu o impoclu:-clc nu mcri pulin deleslc soflsticolee misiifica,

. 'd noreo creotiei, in u limo lnstcnld, sub efecfu con':- j'ii crbuzive in zone e hozordu ui sou cr e obilrtOlii:=:oroilve, muzeo e. Genio itclii ego ofre, exclcer::' or subieclivisle pe urmele romonlismului, oncu le:-re efortu opJicol, obiectiv, o profesioncrllsmului de

i- -fr in sensul consocrol de progrcmu Bouhous -r,-os devotol meseriei proclicoie fcro nimlc oslenloliv,

-, o inclto congtiintcr o utl tclii soclc e, ferii deopo: de tentclli e occesibl ilcrfi! fociie, induslrioose, mer-

, r-- e, co si o e formu e or de vreme nicd modd csoci: . ^pe,elo' le -bo'cr',e.r'::-rotismu ui, de investigolor fervenl cl drumuri or, - cdrldtorile, ii lrebuio ierenu ferm o ocliunii pen

::i pune in vo ooTe impetuozitctecr temperomen-. : rpiruni e indrdznete, resurse e de vrednic colo i

-;'- - ()pocitcrl.i, rezerve, onlrnozlldli inldmpinoie per-,, s, de'infe es din pcrteo mediu ui romdnesc inco-:ri in tobi-uri, obio slimuleczd inc lncliile ofensive

= , Morce loncu. Mdrluril e cele mor vechi despre, ..lb iniozo decizlo insu ui de cl nu se loso inlimi-

- :cdtui, coplesii de inerfiile oco e. Prirfo expozr- -='soncld, pe core o deschideo in tord o pr eiurt

- .:-.r ur Victor Efiimiu - oulor de piese de leolru cu

: r,-e drn repertorul cosic, mitoogic, greu de- c nutri specio e s mpolii folc de ovongordo -

: , :-lrleoscd inld nireo cu idndru p clor in olmos

: :: r' :!, Tr'slcn Tzcro,

: r: r-:!, Trislcn Tzcro,

core ol the Dodo Mc,:-=-- -: :.:- : l --ec io oea Dodaisl himse f o :c-'c--.. -: .. t: ^-,:r -rcre inleresied to identify himse; ,.'., - '-: ::-: .uc iv si idecsHe wou d rcrther co I l r-se: c -ccicci criisr equo lydrowing oport from ihe norrow conservolve spirit thctwould feed on lhe borrowed formu oe from ihe obso-ete voccbu cry of oesthelic I usion (the ccodemiccesthellcs lhol odvocoled the lmltotion of noture) oswe I cs from ihe philistine f irting with thoi superficioovonl gorde, recdy to shoc( o perp exed pub ic, o vic-iim in o deceiifu ploy Whi e deploring the flofieningtrcdilion ihoi tended lo weoken lhe ort to the point ofmoking ii incopob e io oitrocl the pub ic cny onger,Jonco o so stood ogoinsi the sophisticoted mystificction of lhot ovonl gorde vicious y ommed into ihe hop-hozcrrd cnd museum- lke decorcrlive obi iiy resu ting inihe o iencrtion ol the crecrtrve spirit crnd ils work Togenius ego oiry ond excessive subiectivity thctreco ed lhe omcniic 1ype, Jonco opposed the direct,ob o.- .e orlorl o' ho otl*r or i- -r^ :er " .-pl eoby ihe Bouhcrus progromme - tho ouchly cnd unoslenlolious y commitled to his profession, hich y conscious of hls socic utility, o person who neither induigeshimse f in poin ess, merconti e work nor in shor! ivedfoshions of sleri e, bovoresque chorccfer.His progmolism, fecluring his pcrssroncrie pursuiis onunlrodden poths, needed firm ground of oction cblelo enhonce his impeluous ncriure, hrs bo d chorces, cs,a/€ o:'rr'oloo-o cooly i ^steo.Treopoqr-ero,erved ouer I o. le o-'-ro^ . o (orror uo e i

the Romcnion society, slil frozen in ils own tobJscou d hord y orouse Morce lcnco s oggressive reoc-iion. Some eory occounis show thot he never feliintimidcied, troubed or overwhelmed by the locolineriio On the occosion of ihe pointer s first exh jbltionin Romonic, Victor Eftimiu, o p cyright, toklng hls sub

iecis from c ossico mythology, obviously o personwho no one expecled lo shore the ovontqordeviews, reco ed his meeting the young pointer n thothigh spirited Zurch, where he 'wou d work brovelyond possionoie y n seorch for the go den fires thot lieburied ln every mon s sou " in order lo sel them freefrom 'ol thol is slo e ond deodly sweet in ihem'. Theploywright went on oddlng ihot the crtlsl s underlok-ng wos to be lcrler confirmed despite lronsienl norrow-mindedness or quesiions thot it might hove provoked. "o shcr low humon eye ccrn never grosp ihismon s orlistic uprighlness, o mcn who crvoids comforiob e success, who never stops bui goes beyond his

own goo s ond surposses himself in everything hedoes't. The commeniotors noticed how lonco s slro-tegy po nted lo h s contempororres' fol gue os welL cslo his desire lo shoke them oul of their lnertio ond rooled oulomclisms. Mcrcel ..lonco s otivo lroub ed thesiognont woters of lhe loccrL sprrit, vicorious y devotedlo frozen cnd orchorc mode s of rurcr life. Dynomrsmis, therefore, the mo jor feolure lhot pervodes hls work,gushing out in cn whir poo of ines ond co ours,

Motce oncl, Auioporlrel,

I 935Morce .]onco. Se lport c 1,

193.5

lr l^

fero efervescento de lc liricl' -':= "-':::'-.:tlO.iOr O, I O OleO rO ,' C- -

- :

lLlJ,e o ,o"p ^ o'e tr oe o c- ,

ir," JJri-ilurie, declzie confrmcii cc: ^n col -

do obiuzrtoltor lemporore po:lb leior n ror 'c.lie"ochlul superf cloJ nu vo puleo prrnde colo p'obLtole

ortisllcdr zoce in ccest om ccre evllo succesu lcrclL'

cote nu se opresle lo plnctul oiuns' ccrre coutd

mereu, dor nd sdr se inlreocd"' Comeniolorll vor nlu

imedioi cd slrotegicr oceoslo o outo-depcrgirli vlzo

."t..ti*t blozireo conlemporonilor, lntenlio de

o i 'n.',oo o' 'lo ob 'TL 'e'or o o'o d; o i ''o oa o. ^ a,or ,epa(^. Apo'ir,o ' Mo' or ;61 ' ' '1

l"i,o o 01 01 ,b-,o 'o ro; ooo'^ 'orJra o e

6.,6h,6r.r , . raqot .' i ' oe o ol o,oo ooral6' 1o

;;; ;; u olo trtia, orhoico Dinomismul este colr

-o'eo pr1 o'''eP'e e''o'deo" o lro'i""i t a-tn t.t o' ,' \6 4-o ( orPat,"? oe olo

nLl .nTlF;O'Oo .f Oi'Oe 'JpOp' \a rOCv. \rtr^pO

morcote drcmollc de lnvozio tehnlcil sl supremctio

vliezei'. Rllmul, tensluneo eLemenlelor lniroie in com

punereo mog nilor proLiferote de pictor vin sd interzi

cc ttosivitoteo pr vi ir, complocereo intr un contemplcr-

tivL-m rmoersonoJ ldllic Nu otdt nouloleo pro

.AdAA,o p- t eo/o O tr, O a, "lo.r{ O rlOd rr O -l

-t i,oo.p 'r I or o o lozo' e d to 'o lrod 'lrJJe n tore lo un nivel de slniezc superroord Cum

rernotcc un cronlcor ol vremil "Aslcr e lootd to no

orlel sole Nu o slmllt nevo o so epudreze trodltll 91o-

roose, spre o-gi c-rulo o su[iciento 1n d spreluireo

comodo c oiOior venercrblle \zbaazt oJe lrecuiLrlui

if t o",".r.at 1o nlmic sl c strdbolui loole cuceririle

o''o'14 oo a'. a7:l \n; o'odo '-oor'zot, Jc voicr intclmploril in roportur le, ortistulut cu umeo

ole n 'l a'zo ^c: ol er 'o e l^ r l' p76

.or o r or o-o CtA s-^ ., , or ol' o'oo ai g ovo oe^

lru cjne $tle so i io lempe oturo enoclo Acelost cronl-

."t, .'ti tol ,r., observc. Sironii dcgorori de infern

se revorso peste ccsliloieo sublimo o vlziuni or soLe'

Moi oposot lntetvenec olt comentclor (lot in Auroro''o

. B ;o, . 'a)i) qo o 'o o 'aoo 'r 'reL^ oo -'Ir,oluiltot sl t"t.-." o ]ui Nieiz-sche '

'fulgerori de

socrmo', o omenite 'pierduto in impdrotio ioridd cr

'' o^ rO- o'' ' p nO,/O -OOA-^O 'agor OIO ,a

le \. OAI-

sttie .i ctimo, .intre

v s bo bcr si senzotle ldeolizoto

Consllent co.in boto lo penlru cucer reo publ cu ut nu

oooob,,.i^qu Mo e o'', .g'lrq116aain

"lut'nd"n. piond lo ccle o expoztie fdro prece-

dent lo Butu est, cu porticiporec celor mcri crpropiofi"J^ uo-; o ,rpJ 'ort oat o z''t'lo-o,'6 's'i."

" oou log, g',o . g'or o "ro or ^'o di' o'o o

;.";; z'' o o ^ rropA A: ror Ar P Po L le^

ionr" nltrt"t, Kurt Schwirers, Wll rng EggeLing'

Kos.Ok Loios, Korl Tiege Mcriori lo verniso uL pro

cromci duminicd, 30 noiembr e 1924 ou ovut suT-

n, o -' f,ro,o'o ob;.oo^a'o c6lo ' 'i^: Pe

; "r,

-- ,ll o d^ ,o-1. ,.o, LTe, ,o r o i oo e l l;core nu lipseo boleristul negru' odus in cenlrul oienllel

e^o e. Ie Le 6.,a'q6' oT h oq' d'o-'loti ollI

no Leo ol'ne boo'. oj'e h o'o9, ord o^ed i ll e

n,,ste e composition of motching, overlopping' or

, .,o. .tq prot ^r rho'r z'n-q o'd 'o, 6^ az;-ri^q

n h, *oqer / o'a I eor ' 'o croL'c'oe 'le pos i e

mooe of ;ipe or o ,o7" otlot- plo"o' l' 'o ho

no\e/\ o,' r^o peuot' 't h noot oto ole \oa

b.rl l5 0a' o,o' qP or ''orao oy '^r'o / oo '3 91."e ''abottle beMeen troditlon ond modernrly oi o higher

]e,el O, ,^raq O,iOt. A 6 '^ ol 'he to"l 'L ' o' ll ''

;; ",

'-'r" . h^ \or'aloT ri' o' i 6q^l !c 1'-h., l"i ; a cr.ire,, di- o o rg g'o'o t,od'o"t ' o

!,a i " ...."ltedli look do'in "on

wo lhy vrcto es of

th; ;;,i"H" n"vJ, ,rl"d out onything ot olL' on the

.;.[; he scruiinized oll the ochlevemenis ln the

, "o . .' l4"oro - or- la23) !^ 1^ l'o1 " o 6

vised nor did he relote himsell ot rondom io hts mL teu

or io his own ortistic cryslollizolion ln foct, thls is the

,"" ; "

;' ;- -J p ^ r' ao.L , q5 ' ooe r9'^t '[oo' o., be Po' '\do o, tl o o t'o 9:.t^:

*"-ih; ;;" coLumnlsi went on writ ng thol Wel d infer

n,r, o",uod" the subllme chosiity of hls visions" Yet'

onoiher critic emphosrzed thot ln cerioin poinl ngs'

J., .on ldeniifv: 'lNi"ttrche't fierce cnd bltter smlle

i.a ;fi".|'"t otit"o , ihe humonily 'lost in the reclm of

So, ,o ,oa ' ord aooarr o-. ho i,' w'r 9 t9

belween supersition ond crime, *1ll [6r[qr r dreom

".J t:""Llt"a sensoiion.' (quoioiion from the some

n oooz.,lA 4 oro r 8 'or' lo2:l-;;";"" Mor ^ Jo' o ,uo \e ) -r' ovuo ^ rl-'n" .o l" oo,.'o'l ,voq€ h wor o ore o o w r ho

p'b' lo- wo' nh/ "o 'vo o'tuov "l 'oo t lo'ootl

, ^- Wl; 1^ o qor ized o" 1o-e odor oo ^ h bi

ti.. '.

gr.f.l"rest," his cJosest colleogues f om lh-^

/",,, n'o-ooo iooL po- o'o, 9 ^;r 6r^ 6lhor

roTo ;o'. P^' oio;"et or ' o Ce' "ol r oo^or Avor

ooro^, ,. ,r o t-or A p Po ' t 'e^ lor o;6! -

:"'( :^rr^. W, q goe';rg I o, o roro: 'c I

lieoe. -ro.e nzLo nilr " ; ''; ooo ' q nocl' 'od.nl noo, \o.erbe JOtr 'o)4 n'^iszz'edb'

''^-;n o{ o,'56, ole,l'eo*' ^o l" Lr, o l^ azz

Lond] *hor" Negro drum ployer ond his devl ish

airtt t"i-"J the iublic otleniion The experence of

ihis clmost mog c riluol stirred ihe oudience lo such

.xient rhor ien "vecrs loier' Comll Pettescu' lhe prose

r ii oo." o .'o o qh l^'r or ot o' Lcr' "'9n \no,"' Fo , P o.,,c (P o'' , B"d) lte -ooe

drreclor thot js, Morce Jcnco dlsp oyed the e^hlblts

; ;;h . monnet thct ihe visitor hlmself could rnfer the

,"ltl onrh,r-,, crnd ociuol iouches belween the fore gn

n,totri *oiL, ond lhose of the locol ones stimuloied byjon.o; rhw Arthur Segol Mollrs Teuisch, Vlctor

Brouner, M.H.Moxy, Mijto Pbtrcscu s worls were

"t.r""a oround.ot" of Conslonlrn Brerncugi s sculp

ir,"r, d" berorely plcced in o centroL, posilron'

Morcel lonco s olm wos to mcrke the onlooker owore

thoilherL wos no reoson why lhe new spir l, modern

ty itself, shou d be borrowed slnce lt hod olreody exist

Mlllo Pdiroscu, Busll in bronz

o lri Mo ce onclMl ilo Pilros.!, Bronze Blsi o|

Morce]onco

renerole de iobe e scle .indrdrciie.

Senzclio o fost deI ,o oproop" mcrgic, oiot de pulernic tmpregnol in--emorie, incdl pesle un decenru, prozotorul Comir:irescu tezetva episodu ui un ]oc proeminenl n-:rcnu sdt, Palul lui Procust. Reqizoru (in persoonc, Morce loncu) ovusese griio de o csezo cslfe=.ronoieie co viziloloru sd siobilecsco singur mu lt

: : e inli de conlocl, inierferentele intre lucrdri e:,celilor s ole creolorilor oulohlonl, sllmu oli der-:.l: Arihur Sego , Mottis Teulsch, Victor Brouner,

-i Moxy, Miito Pdiroscu, grupoti sub potronoiul- -' sculpturi ole ui Constontin Brdncusi, crsezoie:-=-lrslrotiv o loc dominonl spre c olroge olenlicr co. - nou, modernrloteo, depcrle de o fi trebuit-::-iold, o primil, eo, din Romonlo, viguroose cf u-

-- = dep rn omologole lo nive mondio-:-: Mcrce oncu monifesid vreun orgoiu, oceo-: - re o se p oso necontenil c nierseciio circuiie or,= :ei europene. ?rin Conttnporonu/ siobi esie o- =: :clivd de vose comuniconle cu revisle simicre- -- --rioTe din moi loote copitole e contrnenlului, de

:-,ovio 9i Be grod lc Poris si Berlin. Proclico schim,- Ce cooborolori esle frecventd cu orqonele

:::'der poloneze, cehe, mcahiore, sdrbesll

---' tl,4erz, Tank Blok Dtsk, lndex etc ), co sd cu--:.Nir un numdr integroi dedrcot de prestigrooso-- ,i'--m confrotilor de borlccdo din Romonn Dirr

-r - : Contimporonu/ui desene e ui Morcel crncu,-: ^-co moi dinoinie, cu fosi, in co oonele publi- -:r ienesii (Procelctria, Nois o.m.d.) evodeozd

, '- 4rgentino. F izbutrse scr olcciuioscd un fel de: I crtetentlor Conlimporanu/ui in slrdinoiote,

--- ci miscdrii moderne iterore si ortislice; pe- : lnio reuseo sdr-i coniocteze cu ocozio cdlo

= .- '--prinse o finee lui 1925, incctl vo fi in

. ,: .o publice, in suilct, scurie convorbirl cu. -

-- , 3rcque, Cocleou, De tell, l lrrns Arp, P6rei,r - lrOncusr, fiecoruicr focondu i, cu oceoslc

= -:ie un porlrel in penita. Forcr so ccule cu iot, -. - sd ocupe p onul inidl o scenei publice,r trc! se dlsiingec Aroiie priceperii de o

. , ':-estl ce or din precimo, desrgur prinir un

- : --:rno in formu/o cdruicr lrebuie scr fi conlott-"-r de irodiere o muhip e or sole optitudin .-j elori orgumenle e necesore penlru o.:reze ln jurul sdu o intreog-r odunore de

=,= :xisld, in ocest sens, mdrturio octrilei Didcr

''n 1925 26, in fiecore mcrtr, in cosoe i' ^ odr OJ Oco:o .O- .rL^ , O o

- toTme e.imbocsite o e lreculului. ln reuni,

-.-:: de spirit si orio se puneou c cole otd

=r opere cori ou sconda tzoi, ou impre:: erminoi curenle noi in lileroturo, picturc,

ril si toole predomino personolitoieo ut

: ,-:druio, cred co ise dcrloresie Bucures-

- - -terviu in Clopotul, I ion I 934), =.::ci vd se dislinge prinlr o remorccbi d--':: irilrotve, cvdndu-si punctul de pornire

odrDoro,o ":o #o oo-o' ,c- ... :.'Romcnion orli.sls

. ,' l: '-: -'einOl On-

r - ra : : -e:ricns ic ihe

f we ore io f nd ou- of e s r e -roce of pride n

Mo,'^ ']o o o-- o- -r a ^6

-o, o oo. io, i.nhis steody effort tc plcce himse f ol the crossrocrds ofEuropecn ideos Througl Conlimporonul he estob' 'l ^o o o .li. o ^-worL ol or ^ .. o' or ry ll r-or mcrgcrzines issued in olmost o Europeon copllo s,r'or Wo so^ o l^lg,oo^ Po'. o o B^ |

exchcrnges ol col oborclors with lhe Poish, Check,Hungorion, Serblon ovont gcrrde pub icotions (ZenifMerz, Tr:nk, Block, Disk, lndex, elc.) c imoxed wtth ospecic ssue on the Romonion ovoni gorde publishedby Der Slurm. .lonco s drowngs were printed inConlimporonul crnd enihusiosiicc Jy welcome in iheiolicrn mogcrzines (Procelorio, Nor, etc.) reochingeven lhe Argentinion medicr He succeeded in seftingup o kind ol Continporanul circle of friends cbrooJthol comprised exponenls of the modern rlerory cndorlislic movemenl. He cou d conloctthe French on tlrelrlp he underiook by the end of 1925. Afterwords hepubllshed o number of diologues wiih De ounoy,Broque, Cocleou, Deltei , Hons Arp, P6ret, Breton,Brdncugi; ihey ccrme out with their porlroits he hodsketched in pen. Athough Morcel Jonco did notcrove for o top posrlion on the public scene, he hcrdc remorlob e copocity lo coplure peop e's inieresiduo ro [i. .].ori.rcr .,,ror ^d ol'o oy .,,n . iipe -o,

a - -a ol*o7r rouTo o ' gl ; 6-q -e, o o',.o.r|^ -o b ,'ort o o.t, ot .O--.-tA olo, .o | ^ -, ,respecl, we owe the fo lowing recol ection lo oclressDido Soomon 'Around 1925 26, ol those whowished to escope the slif lng forms of the posi wou dgother 1n my Buchorest cpcrtmenl eve y Tuesdoy.D '. 911 o:e o .'i( Oao )p i-o e r^ior . -"to V ^O.,o o- iol ro - , o oo i,zeo 1p ^ ,eO o,d .,o ^oup few lrends in lilercrture, pc,inring, ond in theoterwere devised. Mcrcel .lonco, lo whom modernBuchoresl owes so much, wcrs towering cbove everything crnd everyone" (o possoge from crn inlerviewpublished in Clopotul, I cn, 1934)Thoi period wos exlroordinory indeed, due to fheunprecedenled effervescence cnd vorious inilictives,moin y dissemincied through Contimporanul.Groduo y, this group grew slronger os some oulslonding persono ities jolned it The f rst lo come wereBeniomin Fundoicnu lBenjonin Fondone), SonduE icd, Ftlip Corscr, Morius Lotor, cnd Henri God, thenMl llcr Petroscu, M H Mcxi, Vicior Brcruner, ondBrdncusi himself from lhe dislcrnce Some o//sprincs ofContimporanu/ cppeored dur n,q this period os wel .

For inslonce, the on y ssue of 75 H P showing iisown provocclive spiril, ccme oui in 1924, whl e o little bit oter, Punct la wee|y mcqozine of crclivisi pro-pogondo) fo lowed the some course ond spirit to ihepoint of ioiol merging. For o whi e, lntegral (1926)wos o sorl of Conlimporanu/ scrtel ile, ond cter, moin-

Mcrcel loncr, ArCr6 Brelon,

1926Morce .]onco, Andre Brelon,

tQ?6

19

Mcrce oncr. Srso Plrol92qMorce .]crco Sosr l'tnirl.)29

si o otformo de rodiere in or-c :'': - :'l '-l'1 tr

Contimporonu/. Se produce r;. :' - - I -cgrupu ui cu oderenl de mcrcd. ce or i'e '-l-l: i orr-

^o.Mo ^"o^. .oq, - r : :.Omol 'inloi, B Fundoionu, Scrdu Eicc F I CIsc'Morjus lotcr 9] Flenri God, opoi Mi ito Pdircrscu, M

H. Moxy, Viclor Brcuner si, mcri c dislcnf-r, insu^sr

Brcncuil. Pro lfereozd pubL 'ot r de t p :imicr' 1n

1924, tntct,t numor din 75 H P lccec un le de

frondo pe conl propriu, dor pulin mol tdrzlu' Puncl

(scptomoncr de p opooondcr cctivislo) merge in oce-

cr>,D, ooro o 6o 1,:.gc5 o ropi '-Io 'ro.'lo ^ r o o, p, ', Po rt. o .'er- ^ ro2o]1ni-^qrol, devenit, ulter or, dizldent din pricino unor

nolJmici moi curdnd de o,dln pe sono Slrndo duL

olo e L' .o I oa ol a( /a a IJ' t'oz8-1932) d" echlpo ce or mol liner neconform gtr: GeoBogzc, (dL-lpo ce scosese el 'if sL.rFi meteorlcu Urmuz)'

Sre-fon Roll, Sogo Pond, Modov, Zcrrembcr, Miron

Rodu (Poroschivescu) 9i cei cr ll Cu ocozlo numdrului

OO (oct nov. I 93 1 ) ce de \a Coniimporanul schl-

lou un succ nl biloni, intr un context cu ospect de mon

lfesl, morcol de orgoliu independenfei si cl orientcrii

lucide: 'Nu om imiict, nu om sllobisil si repelol nim c'lsl revedicou o experentd originolo, cptc scr i oseze,

sincronic, prinlre 'inleme etori. Nu om rdspuns n c

;OQ^,O^t O, r IiOOO Crt'o oi eO d Or

a, -ro ', d--p o ^,or d e oo

,n ,n"n ni" metoolo ului ero Mcrrcel lcncu. De oceecl,

din cond ln i,tnd, ovecr grilcr so improspdteze in

memoiio pub iculul reolizorl o e soJe din vremeo

p^ o o .a /,' I p',r- ^ O^ 06-l a I' oro o9o' is'i ri

c. or qo d-i t ^ ro,.ot o ^. t P.' d^ oi do ld 'oscr cJoro une e desene dln ocel cnl si chicrr douaiexie in frcncezd, dotote l9l8 Celebro so pdnzoBo/ul inspirctd dln seri e onimcrte o e Coborelu Lr

Vo loire, expusd de cum revenise dln Flvello, o ovut

un mpocl moi org cOnd erc din nou crrdtold omclori o, de orto 1o incruguroreo gcl er ei perrnon'^nle sLll-;

oLrspiciile lbrcrrlei icrsefer (tf comentcrli de Rodu

Veniomin tn Polittcc: 27 no,t 1926 il Aurel D

Broslecnu irr Violo Romdneoscd, dec. 1926). lnir un

reoisir u omplif tol reluo preocupdri schltole, door,

nltcrdcto Foslu ilusl olo cl versur lor ui Trlslon Tzorc,

din epoco Dodo, comenieozo grofic, cu dezinvo ld

ccuiiole, de ostodcrtd piesele de misierioose iensiuni

incredinlole Continporanului de on Bcrbu, sou

prozc fonlez strt c ul locques Costln. lncitoi de F

Adercc, ise osociozd penlru su lc de inlerviurr cu scr

ilo i odcrpostite de Mtscarect literard, de c ungul onu-O25 ^o',.uoro o 6 . ao ro d; or.o 90-'a

de porlrete si inslonlonee reproduse oproope in lotojtcle in viilorul volum de succes Mdrlurtcs unei gene'rolii'. Condvo se inirecuse cu Hcns Arp in reo lzoreo

de coslume {mcrsii) pentru onlmotorli seri or lliercre de

coborel. Ttecuse ocum ]c cdevdrcrie pro ecte de

^ ooo A rooo - C,o'l ^ooa' ' ^o : o

puno pe pcoore propr u teotru e'petmenlo )e sl

y due to severo inflghts, lt become o dissident mog

ozlne. The bonner wcs loken over enlhuslcsticolly by

the new discip es from lJnu (1928 1932), whose

vouno ond nonconfo mlsl edilorio ieom counled GeoBoq

"c, th' roo or aoo/ o,.ll. oo a 6pheaa oUriuz) $tefon Rol . Soso Pono, Moldov Zorembc,

Mircn Rcdu (Poroschivescu), omong lts membets, cs

well cs olhers. Cn publishing the lOOth issue (Ccto-

ber November I 93 I ), the leom of Conlinporanulb e, .rraorptr ei o - 1, Ioro 'a olLe otl

rlao*i,r oloi o' po,o oeo^oa eoo"doentolon oLl in ol lt wrole 'We neiiher lmilcled, nor

dld we vicoriousLy repecrl modes, nor did we spel out

crnvl to w^o .o^.e 5o lleT r'6iro6 cr o q r 6l

o p^''^i ^ opt-o rr I o i o',, o'o F- el o'lo o

the founders of the new ori. 'We were nol omong

those who responded to ony oppeol lounched by oth

ers; in focl, we wete omong lhose who roi:ed the

bonner n Europe'. Noturolly, Mo'cel lonco wos the

only person wi-,o corld righifu ly cloim his to e, 05 o

D e ,- o i' 'ho ro'"'t,^.l [^. ^e lao.o ' n^r ha

would ,efresh lhe publ c memoty ond lolk crbout his

ochlevements in Zurich os crn ouislonding representc-

iive of the iniernotloncl ovontgorde Fo lnstonce' he

O, bl 'ocl 1 P 'r' -ou- g 6,0r'1 g. o 'hot rr o o d

iwo ie.,ls in French lrom l9l8 Moreover, his fcmous

oo r q I' o Bo 'o' 'oot I P'o'o ot 'l'e I '^-, er

i ot Cobo'o Vo'-o' e o'raoo/ e'l ',1 'eo oi'e

hs ,""tutn from Swilze lcnd, hod on even deeperimpoci when showed lo orl lovers oi ihe inougurol on

ol c permcnent orl gollery, opened under the potron-

oeo ol lo.ole oi, ^oo (ho o'^ 'to p e or olbi nod, Venlomln tn Politico, 2T nov 1 926 ond by

Aurel D Brosleonu in Vialo Romlneoscd, dec. 1926)He p cLed up oeoin some of his eor ier interesis he

hod hordly puttrld ot thot llme The former il ustrctor

of Trision'Tzcro's poems during their Dcdo epoch,

beqcn io drow orcrphlc s[etches meont to comment

o. r6 ra.r 'ord^o r 'o p.b'o o, 't Co ;r-po o l'' q-op' , ^o o To o o o ^6lie ed os

ever. even il"he hod to deo with the tensrons ond

enigmclrc expression of lon Bcrbu's l-^xts crd.locquesCoitin s fcnlosres in prose Provoked by F. Aderco s

series of lnlerviews published tn MiScorea Lilerora dtring 1925, .lcnco drew lhe mosl dynomic golLery of

pJtroits ond sncrpshols, loter lo be repr nled n'Marturio unei ge,nerctlii, o very successful booit

Cnce he hod competed with tlons Arp cnd creoled

coslumes (mcs[s) for the performers of the literory

nighls ci lhe Cctboref. Therefore he tooI up scenery

design when l6e Continporonul tecm sei up its own

expJrimentcl iheoire compony Sondu Ellod stoged

Evrernov's Moarlec: vese/o {A Merry Deoih) c horle

quinode (see the scenety ond coslume drow ngs propo.^o by Mo e Jo o 'r Co^ ^ pa on lob o-Mo,ch o) \1 ( r , Io1Ao.. ) I e wo\ or d^ i^9

some p eces of scenery for Cain.by Widgons ond GKcrlser's iuana lle remembered his octivity os o lhe-

ICAIZCAZQ UN SPECTOCOT, ICg ZOI OC JUI]UU L UU/ L

cleso Moorleo vese/o, orlechinodo de Evreinov (o se

,'edeo schile de decor gr cosiume propuse de MorceL

oncu in Conlim poranul, febr.-mortle I 925). Concomi-ent, moi ovusese in vedere eventuo ltoieo unor deco':r penlru Coin de Widgons si Junna lui G Koiser.

-:le o octivitote de core.isi vc oduce ominte mol ielrz

- in timpul unor colobordri succesive cu lrupc teotru-

, Hobimoh din sroe, cu core o co oborct destul de-':ns, inlr-o serle de reolizcri' )6sen \Stilgoii 1947)::der co Gorcio Lorcc ( Casa Bernardei Albo,l5 I ), Prronde )o \Henric ol lV'lea, 1 952) 9i o te e

:: Drc:wings for the Theatre Hobinah /ql I l97B--: Ie Aviv Museum He eno Rubinslein povllion,:'. lgZB-ion. 1979).in fine, ojunge sar se concreii-

-:ze ocum dep in o pteocupore iimpurte cr scr egcto:= criele decorotive. Viziloiorij expozitiei din l926,= .cr li mirol in folo moi mullor exponcle reprezen:-: clcluri pe siic o ori lucrdri reo izole in tehnico vil',,- cr. nsd tenlolro ero cu mul onterioord, cum

.,'-:eazd reproducerec acelut tnlerior dotot l9l6):.gn for a raom in Wi ly Verkouf, op. clt) Pe

: -:: ,eproducere se vdd, in oforo mobllieru ui, doucr-: incoslrole in perele, in Locul rezetvctt ferestrei s

:'-::bi , ugi , ovond imprimcle, pe siic o, orobescuri:=:-eirlce din coiegorio celor prezenle frecvenl in

,=..-" e cu core pigmentc poginie coieielor Dodo.

- *: Ce orobescuri idenllce se mot pot gdsi 'in resluri

= : :ss-wonduri, vlzibi e .incd in ccse conslruile de-:"cu (cc oceec din slr. Neguslori or pe slr.

. o p'. ri-' r e qo \o-o oa o derolo'oo o ^

: ::-i in progu el). Unli mcrlorL prelind co or li: - cereii intregr decoroli intr un sli osemdndlor,, ,: . o ofoone viu co orote, in oJie ccrse concepule

= :-- ecl c Bucureslr. Ar fi de semno cl, o c, o coin

- --=--: nu ipsito de re evonld. Recent, lo ZLjrrch

-,,.;lr konslruclive und konkrele Kunsl"), o expoz

= .:::'old ocluolizo incercdri ole Sophiel Touber

- '- rclerle de orto decorolivc din onii 192627,: :'onlco de expozifie in revislo de crld Voir nr.

: -:i .1995,

Monlreux), oorecum .in linio promo

, r - oceeogi oni de crhilectu piclor romdn. Dor

- :: orl sli, core se cunoscuserd foorte bine cr

' ,' cu rdmos 'in roporiuri oprop cte, dovodo----'. lui Hons Arp in expoziiio de o Bucuregt,I - :-ecum 9i vizito ldrzie o sofilor Arp o Eln Hod,

- . 'r'o ui Mcrce oncu. Sd fi fost nu numol- ':' : chicr un circuil de idei, un progrom comun?

, : ::l'e. spoliul unde 9i o exersot insprrotic Sophie: =---c (cce imobrl Aubelle din Strcsbourg) c

- :r ,--" 1930, icr c crdirile edificcte de romdn ou

- -.' :'- tronsformdri ce Je-ou desfiguroi cond n cu

- =' :e c drepiul rulne, ceecr ce zdddrrnicesie

-:'-porotie inco din 1924 Morcel Lcncu

: - =: nobile de conceplie propr e si diverse:- - re decor lnleror, risiptte sor pdreo in cee

. :,-:-e cordino e. Se giie inso co o predol cur

'=:'esl proflL lo Acodemio Arleor Decorollve,

he conlrrbuiec -: :=.--: :-- -''r --: : -

lbsen'.s lhe G-:,'-,. ' - -- --. ----;--;,:

tso, o D c c- -.Drawinos t'or ii-e ''::'= --.: - :' - ,-- - :lel Ari, M e : -

:

oz8_ o 'o o . :

nde,oo.eo-^o c : :-1926 exhrbition m gh; nove \i/i:c:i3. l- -r. d sc oyof hrs pointings on g css crs \,v!a cs ci irose execuledln ihe sioined g oss techn que. !cwever h s nleresl lnlhis mcriier wcs much o der. os the copy of thcl inlerr

or doied os eorly os I 9l 6 pointed to (see Desrgn loro Room, in Wi y Ver[ouf, works quot). Apcrt from

some pieces of furnilure, one con see lwo stcinedcloss ponels fitted in the wol in the p oce for lhe win-

dow, ond moybe, for the door; they be ong to ihe

some ronge of geometricol orobesques ihoi he used

io drow in order lo odd some flovour io the Dodcr

reviews Trcces of such orobesques could be found in

whct sti I stonds from the French wlndows in ihe hous'

es he designed (for lnstcrnce, the house rn NegusloriStreet cnd ln O ienl Slreet, mirccu ously soved from

the ongoing demo ition) Some of his contemporori-^sc oim lo hove seen lhe entire wcrl s decorcled in osimior sty e, inc uding the co ourful cei rngs ln olherhouses designed by the orchiiect in Buchcresi. Wewould like lo pointlo o consequenliol corncldence. n

o recenl exhibltion set up n Zurich (' Hcus fijr kon

slruclive und konkrele Kunst ), ihe orgonizers showedseverc exper menis in decorolive orl from 192627beonging to Sophio Touber-Arp (opudthe chroniceof the exhibitlon in the ort mogczine Voir, no 1 1 8,

Cctober 1995, Monireux). They evince lhe some

drrection promoled by the Romon on poinler ondcrchilect during lhot period. li is known thoi the iwoortisis hod met in Zurich cnd kept ln louch over ihe

yeors For lnsionce, Hons Arp porticipoied in the

1924 etlt6ilon ln Buchoresl, ond loler, on .lonco'sinvilcllon, he ond his wife visiled Ein Hod. Wos there

somelhing more lhcn o commoTr cose of crtlstlc offin

ity? A cricurt ol ldeos, o progromme, presumoby.Untortunotely Soph e Touber Arp's sludio (rn thot

Aubelle house in Strosbourg) vcrnished in 1936,whl e the buildlngs designed by Morce .lonco wenithrough successive ollerolrons, thol mckes ony com-porison quile unsuslclnoble As early as )924,Mo,c" lonco e'hlbited pieces of inlerior furnrshings

he designed, loter scollered oll over lhe wor d. He is

known io hove tcughi inleror design courses cl the

Acodemv of Decorolive Arts. courses in the tech

niques oi portro i, nude, ond sti l-Life, togeiher with Fr.

Siroto, ond o couTSe in modern furnilure ond fittings,'oq^ rer n't o ". W. Be . t .

M-orce Jonco impressed eveTyone through his cohereni ond inlegrollng orlslc proctice trghtly intertwinedwith the ldeos he supported in ihe medlo quile sys

unde in )926 era coleg cu F:. Sl'c : I : l:l ::'-.:1nud-nolurd moorld, si cu orh. \&. 3e:r I 3'' e''e

Ob'o rOOo O'O O A-- I . )6

PLrleo scr lmore:loneze o Mcrrce Jorcu' ln;iciec,coerenio dinire proclico orlisllcd si ldei e susiinule'intr o ocllvliote publicistlcb destul de sistemolica

1o. 6r'a 6'a o. o-ct . O.po o'e o - gotc,ol^ . ^e '

sl, deci, suni preo puf n cunoscule o:lozl Roslul celor

moi muLle dlntre eLe ero de o deslrdmo opocriofrLe

dclorote proostei educotli din scoclo sl de o eLlbero

d-^ ooncLle percepe eo octului creotor. Citlioril of ou,

ostlel desp e vo o, l" .^,presive in sine ole fe ulul de

o monui cuLori, inil, voume 9i despre merllul de oomo6et 76; 'O -e \ OOi a p',1

'-. -; i OpO OI '

lo oe orp-or ortro .o 'oqulore de si lzore o ncoi,r." "

do-o eo o. P e do olo ore do'^ '- p o

o decoroiivrsriulul n crhllecturo plotiiudineo noiu'o

lismu ui, co sl vremelnicio snobisme or esletizonie ou

cvut in Morcel loncu un odversot conslcrnt, insufletil

de eoclo fetvoore, dln vremec cdnd iineo pe oceste

,"t""o,",ooo ' ct6''5 iar'a g P9' -^L 'r ;

zuricheze (iq I q) :i zecl de onr moi lcrziu, lo epoco

bi onluri o,, fo.ond, relrospeciv, lurul de orjzonl cl

omplei so e octivildil'' .

Nolurol, osemeni orlcdrui creolor outenlc, Mcrcel

cncu cl porcuts un ilineror ortistic deloc uniform, cu

povorni;uri, stcrgncrr sl ezitori de circumslonld [cr

inceoLrt. c slorniimcl mult curiozilole,'insolito de rezer

ve oblc disimrlote (de lo un confrote co Vjclor lon

Popc, iterct grof clcrn) si l-o trebuil o dozcr insemnoid

de robdore penlru o- convinge, pe critici mo jinioi, lccr clutoru lor so obiino sufrcg u publicului Numcl

o' po o i -o ,o o o ao pt'z^^t6 J^ ^ oo e

1..O,.,o ooO^^.poif^ e,q6. I 'i o^-'

Comornescu i9i invingeo ldlosincrozille de principiu

foio de ieorille cr,biste orborote de orllsi 9i se pro-

nunto cdmlrolrv osupro vlziunil lui Morcel loncu. 'Lcm

oorecicl nu de mull pentt u e:cepilonolo d-sole

tcrare Balul, ioc dinom c de fo,me e<presive, ftlr

n cor congesi onoi de pLdcere 9i sugeslie muzicold'

ApreciemLctuolmenle rilmul culori or, redote-doo rn

puriloieo lor proprie Admirom unele lucrdrl frcrgede

in ipsos, muI moi polrivl penlru locLr le de cuocre'decoi uleiul, core este mcl gro5 s moi moteriol Nu I

cereli subiecl d lul M Loncu precum nu putet cere

subiecl nrci unei scoorte boso obene 1oc de lorme

si culori. Din ocesl puncl de vedere, M loncu este un

more orlisl, core o izbuiil sd dec nisie lonuri de o bos

lru si cofeniu, unlce oproope in p cluro noostrd

romcrnecscd \Ranpa' 21 febr' 1927) I)n momenl cl

polorizorilor in evolufic picloru u PO e so I fi con:iituit

colctorjo so, in 1930, d" c ,.lnqul iormurllol nordice

ole Medlterone, dupo core cronicorii cru ccrzul de

o o o o.'p o |^: ol o'l prg ri g ^pl o'e d^ '^ '

,O-^pito^ 'r.,.P,d OOOr -Clo'el O"'o'o i.,

de o l fjxo noto personolo de diferenllere pr ntro sin-

loqmo emb emoiLco. 'un Dyonisos ol culorllor"'d!s.operrlor cl olgebrei p cluro e', 'poet coTe se

-o- O o', ', ort. -. o e ho'o'v 6.. -L o ,

o-.o, e r, d) AA a r o ^rtro i ^.tor ' 6e',.9d o-l o,ce.to,Aoe*eo1 -oo' o^r, ^o'r^d''i. ptr' 6pt,O, O Or ^q '6 re Ol \\ O1O I OO aC

o ot 6, I h^t^o, o rtae 'o o.'o' . oot'o' f

ethcl c iches Hrs reoders could Leorn how lo expr:'e. o d,^ o'^tt r 'o' .oo, l ^ c

u.,,,r", os we I os how io hormonlze viobe for-'tn,o roh rl .' rr: o' d , q ' ,' 5-' aood rT ol u o

ooo4.o-o. a to'ov eorbo, ^ A \rl^lao'iode modeL, Morcel lonco slood ogoinsl lhe roote:orejudlce cs to lhe need of on onecdole n pointirc

ot O Lrtr 6-per dar .^ o,'t ^ o^ o r^ Qra^€l

orchilecture; cri lhe some llme he reiecled tr =

Noluro isi cLlches os welL os lhe ephemerol oeslhe' :snobbery. He wos equcly inspi ited by the some fe'

vor when he lectured on lhese subiects ot the lur c

Politechnlc ln froni of ls sludonts (1919) ond in | :

loter surveys of his rlch ocivtY'As onv true orlist, Mcrcel Jo'nco hod io foce obsic

c es period, of sloqnotron, cnd, of coutse, occctsior

cl voclllotions o I o onq hls ong ort slic coreer' lJ :

debui rose much lnlerest ond, oi the some lime, mixec

roa^.q -or o trTpooa'o'ohoro'7'd('o ^ol

a .o.- o V o' ror Dopc o rar on -tu :a

ond grcrphlc ortisi). Consequenl y he needed mucl-

-lte ort 6 g p6r;o1 - li 'o ht i,' . o'

rhen ihe publ c ot orge lt wcrs on y ofter his fourth c',,"-h oo tlo"o,i^-oo'iF \b o^.'16r'L" t^ / t

sive ort c liic, Pet u Comornescu, weni beyond hls

ooooslt on io lhe cub sl theorles Jcnco upheld, onc

vie ded uo in odmlrollon' 'll hcs nol been Long since

opp F ior^d ^ qpr'6r s Osi^trrQ -t ^ Bo c

^.-^1 6,1, f r's- oo, ^'\ o 3,- .; .^ 16 1 )

crowded moss of peosure ond muscol suggeslvity

Now we odmlre the rhythm ol co ouTs cnd ihe woy

he renders lheir intrlnslc puriiy We liI e olso som" de

rcole ploste wo,[s, o better molerlol for colour lnler

OrOr' ,O' O' * , qeO.6 OrO OO OO'd O

eolln... o ho o 'o' ooL o'o'lo-a'dode -ol

Mr. .lonco's work or in the Bessorobron rugs, since

theytoth disp oy forms cnd co outs From this point of

view, Morcel Jonco is a greol crtjsi who succeeded

in creoling some lones of blue ond brown' olmosi. 'o ^ ,^'91 Po" o or po: ,i-qr I?o-po ) t^c:

.

a? I',.aar ^o i rO:O 'o.oo^ " 'Meo'ter[cneon counlties wos o cruciol moment in his evo

ullon os o pc nter. Shortly ofle wo ds, the cr iics ogre-

ed rhct he'hcd bonned the pirtu esque elemenls off

I po'Iq 'ro.o'ol ^nlyoI ''deotr.i\^ro tote"M-orn i'e a li arQo'lQ i'wo'f

sought lo obel Jonco s djslrnct voice cs 'o.Dronys us

llkeioker of colours ond 'o discoverer of the plcto

rio clgebro", 'o poel fighting noiure lhrough colours

ond l-nes Mony newpopers :toried io Proise hls

^OLOt OpO:1.o6^q.l //O o OOO"i-l /O,O

B ^o . 'o31. n, i qr i, r'- 9 tlt. to^' or d o 'lhorized personolitles lon Bo bu ih" poet ond mcrthe

-iruiegle cu noturo in culori 9i llnii '. Ziorele incep sd-i

::dice pog n intregi omcgiole \cf. Facla dln 8 febr.:32) o * "', oo, co'cr s- sP;r''e oi^lre r ^ e ro

: )'7a'e per'tr c exp ro Prel'i'eo oobord o r

: -' .opi^ie p:orireoe p es,o"'es pe sorolloeo' i

'. :-cel oncr. PoetL i ro-e^ o c c-ul 'or Borbr-

-:,-d sd concentreze esenlo corocterjzotoore in for

- - : opldoro 'geometrie incendiotd' . 'furtuni de'. ---= c c:,7" oe ioru'i s rJ, e ro o es orep t r9!' - ome cenusii pentru inolte opere lusiitiore"' ln

- :- : :rcheiei .cr.'to . Mi^o I Sebo-- o- e.evc c'--;': :- inid o creolorului de o poirunde in nlimitoteo- - - ^t,ndcbi d o slructurilor supuse unghiulu sou de

-:.=-.otle: "M. loncu ore o lntuilie solido o formelor.I -= : spus cd este un pictor obstrocl ? ConstrucliiLe

:::-ent fonieziste, suni de o rord vigoore fizlcc,:= - .:rietole plosticd evidenld, imedrotcr. Nu zodor

- : :-crrJ oceslo esie inlovorosit de un orhilect. Am

-:-=:: co M.l. picteoz-r orhitecturo oblecielor ce-

: '-, -- ri. Co desfoce ucrurtle 'in elemenle e plostice: -: :e e moi durobile, esentiole. Punereo obiectu. " ::'zd este crstfel fdcuto incol sd i descopere

-: ::::-,'o sl Lumino ccre ii este speciflcc, so-l

--,:'-:: de detolil si sd-l fixeze in eternltoleo lui de

- - -r, ,gen lonescu crveo, cdnd 9i cond, obiceiL;l

, '=: =:-=ze csupro exPozitii]or curenle. Despre

:' = :-cu scric impresionol, cu deosebire, de..-, :.:-iiuolc'o cuorii oltfe decot lo impresio: : - - -.crd, unde funcltono o nivelu senzclle j

'-:--- r: :ciice. "Lo M. . cu ooreo este couterizo, - = r-: :orto de eroziune 9i de purificore o unui

: , -:t:gregheozd lonurile impure sou ne-

- .-' r = 3oiosivd, dinomico, dor discip inoid, cu o- : :: . -:-: simbolico, eo conslruieste olmoslero

- = -:': : n inlerior. Spirituol-r si crbstrocld {vreou- - - -:-:riolo), culoorecr nu este otdt densd, cot

: :,:-: r =::dceo co in chior ziuo oporifiei comen-

r - ::--tri de Eugen lonescu, sd fie progromoi6'-: - r - Morcel lonc, pe temo 'Postico moder-

. - r- .: i centrold orhip ino, pictoru reveneo lo

" :. -,:t-=l ce egitlmore o propr ior opiiuni de lc

- - -- -=,: :iiel operote de cub sm prin restobilireo

. -.:'; e trodilii prim t ve. 'incepcrnd de lo

- .-- = . -ci oles de lo Picosso (morele vizionor)

- - .-= l::-tr o o reviviere o strictei trdiri plostice'i - -.' =ro-nerij in cotidionul Diminealct,22 lebr.- - - I =

t:o- ercr semnolul ongoiorii intr-o ocfiune- r ,,-: := :cificori 9i drologuri publice. Se numdro,

: - -'-'-: -iiioioril osocioliei de ortc, filosofie sl

: . -. : :- cr inird in componenfo unei comisil

r r: - = , -- :: -plice in plonuri de dezvo lcre ordge

-. , - , - , -- -.;c sd porticipe c expozifii 9i so

- - : : ::-:: 'i e criticll, totu;i foro intervenfio unor-=:-: colltotiv. Un occent moi vehemenl soli-

-=r-r ccrie din lucrorile expuse in I 932, sub

moticion, epiomzec -:::,-:- - :"'-I:-l-=-rer s. sutI o": o. - - Igles, cu minclon c: ::-:- l-l --t-. -::-l-tr 3respe.,ol /l€u'o'ce: i..-= : ---:'. J. : a -:-ewo .s o( jlslice A:: -* ''= :. ' ,: '.' -J I

Sebo.lior rr de'oo( -'. tt l.:" : i- i::(ence of the ortist thror-lgr: w- :- -:

" l: l: . c pen-

elroie the ingroined uniqueress ct -'e s-',ciures he

wos contemp otinq. 'Moice loncc rcs c iirrn inlultion

of forms Who iouLd teL ihoi he is on obstroclpo nter? Appcrenty his fcntosies hold o singulor p'hys-

iccl strengih thot disploys on expressive vorieiy thoiyou con .grosp ot once. I think thot Morcel .Joncopoinls the trchiiecture of the oblects he js concernedwi'^. !e oi,r orr,e ' s ;ch 'h ng, 'o eo, h he bo' c

erpressive elemenls, the mosl enduring ond essentiol

ones. Whenever he sets on obiecl on the convos he

discovers ils specific llght ond perspecfive, he geis rid

of detoils in order lo render its uniqueness, its elernolshope..."". Now ond then, while sli I in Romonio, ihe

poywriqhr [L gere o'lesLo wo'ld wr, o oowt- \'sIrp, essiont on the curenl exhibitions. FJe wos.-rpro,"ed by Mo'cel Jorco erpec o'y oy ' Le so't'-L o. lrt.t'or' oI is co o-rs o'lleto^l lton tr o -o'erioloptico sensolion cssigned to it by the mpressionlst

poiniers. He went on noting thot 'With M.J the coLour

b".or"r o meons lo ccuterize; li is endowed wilhthot purg ng, corrosive efficocy of on ocid. lt disinte-qroies the impure ond triviol lones... . Being corrosve,Jynomic, yet mosleduly bridLed, becrring o symbolicexpressve ood, lt turns nwcrdly to proiect iis otmos-

p-e'e. Btr'rg spi ' o o o otls- oc (ho s o^ro-e'ol), the co our is rcther inlense thon compacl' 'The verv dov when Euqene lonesco's oriicle comeoul, Mcrrcel Jonco hoppened lo lecture on his

fovouriie subjecl' Modern Fine Art. ln on overcrowd-ed ol,,.re poi"te oo'the oppo rr ry te dcfp'i l'

own choi. es o lhe eagir-r rg ol cloi I ovou'o' hot

hod reestob lshed the conneclion with "greot primllive

lroditrons". He mcinlcrined thoi 'Storting wiihCezanne ond, porticulorly, with Picosso (the greot

v 5 olorV o s') we witcess the ret'tr o clr 'lly orl

experience" (lrom the summary of his lecture, pub-

lished in Dinineato,22 lebr. , 1932) As o motler of

focl, thoi eclure poinied to o vosl compoign mecnl to

open pub ic deboies ond e ucidcrte the prob em ot

stcl,e. So, he wos omonq the lnilioiors ol l6e Criterion,

on crt, philosophy, ond liieroture ossociction, ihen he

lool po I in urbon p onning symposio, ond wos o so

nomlnoted n o specioL boord thcrt wcs to deol with

urbon developments. He continued to exhibit his

poiniings ond to enioy the crllics' proise, yei there

wos not ony spectocu or noveliy obout them

However, the'pointings he exibited in 1937 evinced

o vehemenl y sotiric noie lnduced by ihe lolesl events,

op ro r ol e h n -ore ooP e^errive ond :crse Le

dorqer oI e\lreri)l lo', es he lirles ot ll e e ooir i^9'mnllctte the colleciive onxieties he shored in. The

Morcel loncu, Hons Arp, 1926

Morce ]onco, Hons Arp,

te26

i

j

I:,i

_-t23

influento eventmentelor de nor;'i .. .-=-:].-] .:]:3 No/iono/is/s; Muliloted Abyssinio, elc' Durinq rr:

oer.' .Po-6rU :c'-,r ^:,, ,,,a'roo, 1a,::-- " ol o'o''ro' ' t'1Acn'ov-e^r ''e " o o^o-

o.o' \ororo::Aa. o r"e oo;d 9" t^^'^db oo"t'o'd'oooo' ,' '

1,, Ltp: oa-a d o al'e'o r- o'z'o o' o o "lo

Aa'eoO"l^oor ' '-'n'gf i[6

morqinecr ocuteJor .h".tirni ,oJab 1r",.o1 n."li o.,l -tnri

ai.ioto rol medio \Facla Cuvontul Lrbe'

rudineo poci , mizerii ."rrrio,""oa". j" d"rogogio i,rpr1 The pc nt ngs exhibited jn hls 1939 exhjbllic-

oo,;',.or .o) .po o 16o-tolooo" oi'o' oolo^'oooJ'ors no''or ' Le ,na'e' o-d

, e l/o..o C rol roe -9^l C olo d- : r h -o ooe'''reNeo' Fo'iorInerol'e'rofo - -

nozitote oduc, in expozit o .lin l b:q, lucrorjle insp rote lilu I '1J"'ol"t't ih js wos Jonco's lost ortistic shc''

de o recentd colciorie ln Crrentul opropiot,- p" 'ri; ."r in no,ttonio Soon rcrciol i'1"s *e'e put.into forc=

Hoifo - Tel Aviv - l",u,oi'tYll-i;' ;;;;tt" fi; ;lr;t "ta rt" *"t brutolly morqinolized A specilic oggre-:

ieslre o Jui Mcrrcel lcncu in crgoro vefii orti*lce sivily sioried lo dominote lhe Romcnon scene onc=

romonegri Exclus.vismul legilor rosiole proospcrt nrio th; t";;.;

r ghr to'k over' whlch led to the lonuc'r

duse il morg nolrzeozO-'tr,rtol -

Brutclilotec, coroc- 1941 jrogro;r ln o'd". io sove hls fomrly' hls wlfe

tersitco forlelor A" a,Jo"pt- "Jr." 1o put"i", "tJ itrit*i' doughr"" os well os hls ort'

'n?.ofi'inlt.aaaalao rs:'r'o

"""iL""' iiotot ^Jo'olo ^"' 'o^''"!"'-;l 'q rq3'p'1 6''r

ooorom in ionuorie r94r. Co sosi solveze fomilrcr] i-i"".".r-hirro.r,",noikobl"pointingsexhibitec

!itV. , ."r" a"rl t"'" to s o'io so' prctorul jo drumul n -1939

* : ::,1*r,*' #' :? #J n : ruil Im] t yl; l"m' : .'"1- ii{:X"U ii:*v3"r;[ ry:

i:* :"*i:T:,mru;: ::il.3:,'il; i'i:TF ;5;il:i"'""' 6rth" ovontso de ts promote'| onc

.';; ;i.;;tg.rdei, cu egolo insuflelire de onimoror ei

proicrgon sl r.. "

it^i5L", lonco, 'Fururismul nostru (cur Futurism), r

NCTEI Vor-."l loncu, "Fulurismul nosiru"' in toc/o' nr 35B

6 'o-6 loSQi E*o.t cond Morcel lcrncu'isi focec rnifiereo crlisticct'

; ;;; ""p.tlri" lo At"n"' il propulso pe losrf lser

trBB A 2, p "'a .a; To 6DrA-d'r'o';v p 36't^'1':

a o lL , roor'e I ooe ra M' "o d^ -; ' Jn e'o

;i;;*.;;,;tunci, orienlcreo so ' un revoltor con-

o -*oo

"t6' i p,- j 'do o"'o' o roer; o

. ' 'o 'or' t'

,li ..-,.i'*tu'brulolitcte ortistico' cu desdverrsireo

;;";" ;; ;.,e"o por foce credlnlele noi in crid'(llr.strr:tiunea tam.)na, nr' I l'l 2, I 9l 3) Distonloreo

i" toot" si lnleresul folo de inovolie crtislicd ou ire

;;J;:t.. n bogclul ucenjculuj, co loloone.in iooi-

"""lrri" ," ulterioaro. Trebule mentionot cd locmoi

i*, I .arlt" i" "l"tt't

1o noi dupo ce in seric de

.,on .i d" cciuolitole plcstico publ cote in, evisto

liori,o sub pseudonimul Remb ondl' irimiteo I ecveni

lcr iol ce ero mo nou in p ciuro froncezd' crutorlzoi de

" lrr.u -*.sL,u o f"not"nulul lo folo Loculul' unde

'inlrellneo stobile reloili 'in medlile crrlisllce'

3 i;;; 'slmullon

de R Huelsenbec[<' Tr Tzoro'

Mcrcel .lonco; ahl"; din primii oni oi teinioorceriL 1o Bucurestr'

ortisiul ljneo sd ris peoscd evenluolele confuzl,i ,Cond'.o ordo ao.z',o. o No. . Fl ^. i e a:P'o bl'.o L'

n* .. or d^ P^.a ('-'e' l'o^'-oo lo'i o

;";;; ,Jirf .l" pt"togon st crl ul Mo cel lcrn-cLr lo

'lirich, Conlimporanu/ oduceo, to o into z ere'

lor".ti t" .r-"rrt" de cuvlinio: En ecloircissoni ce

o"rt o.ri de L hrstojre des crts, nous devons oioLrtet

i"" ,r,lo .' 'o'r od r 'e a' o I "o'

e oo ^ oro'

Faclo,)9MoY, 1930Z'Wi l" Morcel Jonco wos ihe pointer s oppreni ce

,.ln '.too,,oa.

^ rn t ''o, 6' I a Atr o1o 'r '16

ro - L

,-". J.: ,-"' I BB o5 ) o o^ o'r 'o d"

", 'o ." o o' I oop I oo' t''o ' i' Ao'll l ol

-

ho* th" lolter s direclion wos perce ved oi thot,l me'

.e reoel , ooo' ' po 1" q c' oo ot d o ocje-l

n "

,o .d I ,., ' g ^e'd

rg '16' ' t61 or ^'n^d ot :

i, r, q.-- s1 6 16 '^ l.Jl o ono" Iq a1' tl oL I

onl oP1^orao,on olaoo''r o [")o '.o^ o.a o. , 2 a' st \o'' o I I o' 'o'o'''or

ol doomos ond hls lnterest for oriisiic innovctrons wer-o

;";;:;t"; il r,,. .p"'"ttice, ond srood os true lcrnd

r"rf, i. n'ti.t"r- "uol,tion

We should odd here thclj."r f*'tr"fi brouqhr Deroln in Romcnlo' crfter h-e hod

"rrr'rr-."i " ,",L', lf .h'on't1"s on noveliies in French

;;". ;"; "lo

o o Ar'h ho r,9 os r,:rn h: o€'

:; - ;^tolo' o" l^ to. o.'^''o' 'r'rl ' 'h of,o

;;;;;;";;: hod consront relotions with the French

crtisiic milieus3. Sjmulloneous poem performed by R Huelsenbec['

l.'-ooMo oL 'o o.

a nft"t hls relurn io Buchoresl' the ortist wos very

;r:h ;.;;"';"J to d',p"l onv doubt ond srote his

"..i'.. r."0r'vocolly For inslonce' os soon os lhe

il ';; ;;;;; iio'v'//es littlraires-publ sh-^d

nlnJ" C,"""] s inierview with Trision Tzorc' ih-^

i ), r,i, o,o,o,,, r/ "d

lto", wiih out i nsisli n g o n M J cr nco' s

f ""il.J role in Zurich, brought n the necessory cor'

rectioi. ' En 6clolrcissonl ce petrr point de I hrslolle

des oris. nous devons clouter que Mc cel Iclnco peln-

tre et crrchiiecfe, opres ovoir ete de lo sorle un de

6t6 de lo sorte un de propulseurs de ce fomeux mou-vement Dodo, foit vote foce el mll ovec le suedoisEggellng el l'ollemond Richter les boses du constructrvisme octuel (le groupement des peintres rodlccuxde Zurich, f0t ulleriorement mel6 oux 6venemenlsrevolutionoires de Boviere) Et bien qu'il soll d6sor-mois fermemenl convoincu que es ecoles ne servenlqu'd rellefer es verilob es personnolites, il esi toui dem6me surpris de voir M. Creve esquiver, por desmolenconlreux oublis, e iugemeni du temps ';,

5. Viclor Eftimiu, 'Cronico orllsticd", in Lupto,2A ian,19236. Conlrosle dintre cele moi deruionte se puleou iniol-ni in reclitoteo romdneosco, neosteptole 9i ciudoteurme de orhoiloie ruro d oolo lc cu oso turi e induslr-o i)rL Li iroetuos. Ai rrgeo oe pi db so ec pri-goro Pcsconi, in nordul tori , pentru c fi fropct despec'oco - J origirol ol nc' ;c i:o. i exp-trsJ LiBucuresli Progo-Vieno cu iondourile boieresii deccum un veoc, trimise sd preio occzionc ii turisli 9i so-i lronsporie, co odinioord, cdire m0ndstirile din zond(cf. Demoslene Bolez: ,,insemndri de drum", revistoGandirea,l2/1923).7. Feix Aderco, Mdluria unei generafii , Bucuresli,1929.8. Vezi conferinto "L'ort obstroil ei ses buts", text ine-dii comunicot de Hory Seiwert Tn monogrofio soliddocumenloto (Peler Long Verlog, Fronkfurt/Moin,1993, pp.34555)9. Yezi M. onco, Dado crealeur, o corle editolo deWil y Ver[ouf (Arthur Negg i ttd - Teufen,A.R Switzerlon d, 1957, o douc edilie, t OO I )

lO. lon Bcrbu, "Geometrie iniristcto'', in Facla, nr441,8 febr 1932l1 Mihoil Sebostion, 'Morce lancu", Cuvdntul, l3febr. I 93 2.1 2 Eugen lonescu, "Expozltio Morce loncu',Romdnia lilerctra,2a febr. 193213. n Almonohrl Adam, 1939, Morce oncu Tecroimpresii recente osupro orhiieclurii polesliniene: "simple si sobre, modesle si curote, olbe dor severe, oces-te o ose pl ne oe o vo o soc o o bogoro resp ro 'lr- eogo o tir o de s-rp horr'c .i Ioror o o ros1orcrde no-r--o e o si l be.'oro eoe^;co .

propulseurs de ce fomeux mcJvere-: lcco ioiivolte foce el mit ovec le suedois fccel:nc e- 'ollemond Richier les bcses du consii'uct"rv"sme"octuel ileg oupe'1e'l de: peirlres od co rx ae h'cl ir-- u re-i-oTeTnenl m6le oux evenements r6volutionnoires deBoviere). Et bien qu'i soil d6sormois fermement convoincu que les 6coles ne servent qu'c reliefer les veri-lobles personnolites, il est tout de meme surprs devo r M.Creve esquiver po' oes nole-cor-.e.l^ orb's le jlgere"t dr, -erp'".5. Victor Eftimiu, "Cronico ortisticd" (Art co umn),lupto,2a.jon. 19236. The Romonion life offered lhe most crmozing ondbofflrng controsls; for inslcrnce, unexpecled ond weird' o, es ol'u c orcLo c lfe we deo w ll on irdrs- y nIu swrg. SLrlice it to soy nowyo;, or'o sop over i'Posconi roilwoy stoiion, in the northern port of thecounlry, ond woich the Buchoresl-Progue-Vienncexpress lroin meellng the one century old boyor cor-rioges sent to pick lhe occosioncl tourists ond drivethem to the locol monosleris (cf Demostene Bolez,,,insemndrl de drum" {Trovel Notes), Gandireo, no.t-2/ 19237. Fe ix Aderco, Mdrturio unei generatii (A Testimonyof one generotion), Bucuresli 1929.8. See his lecture "L'obstroit et ses buts", on origino texipub ished for the first time in Horri Seiwert's 'ir" I info,-med monogrophy (Peter Lcng Verlog, Fronkfuri/Morn1 993, p 345 55)9. See M.lonco Doda creoteut, in o booL compi edby Wily Verkouf (Arthur Neggli Ltd - Ieufen, A R.

Switzerlond, 1952, second ediilon, 1961).lO lon Borbu, "Geomelrie inlristoto" (opprox. trons.Soddened Geometry'), in Facla, no 44l, 2O Febr.,1932.l. Mihoi Seboslion, 'Morcel oncu", in Cuvctnful,3 Febr., 19322. E. lonesco, ' Expoziticr Morcel ancu" , Romdnio li

terard ,24 Febr 1932.l3 ln the o mcncch Adam, 1939, he wrote hts freshimpressions on Pclestinion orchilecture: 'these lownsore simple, sober, modest, ond cleon, white butsevere; experiencing o rich sociol life, their young ondbee-hlve body breothes in on oir of noturoI ondEdenic freedom'

25

s*€str#r# sf{,f*f

MARCEL IANCU .ARC'ITIECf

Ancn Bttciine{

MARCEL IANCO .IHE ARC'IIIECr

Ant fost tlinte ceice cLu isbutit sd

descifre:.e stilul mteiepoci sd-i gd,sectscii

tm glas.'

We have been omongthose vvho were uble to

sense the srl'leoJ an age cmd find

an adequdeexpression for it. '

Morcel oncu se ncsle 1o 24 rict 89i : 3'c-resi.intr o fomille burghezo inslorlio' icrd scr r lnC ccr:ercioni 'in bronscr t6rtilo Se bucr:rc de o ed'.lccl e 'inori

.'.o.o o'o,'r^ ' o og oz ( 'oot ' o

- ice ' Cheo q - 'o-o . \o'o o lo ilo r i-

1oroie ,a ^ o. .o o^ ^ o pooro 1'96'6 lo r r 1 I

sdLr e muzeeor din ltollo, Fronio:l Germonicr' Momo

o\eo ooo^^d.ooo-.. oo 916rpo oo;

Ood o0-6OdI tl,a ^ 'ooo'6'pr'16 loer

o lui MorceL loncu''. [o crbsolvlreo llceulul ocesto

doreste sd sludieze ortele ploslice dor renunid, ce

dOnd lo inslstente e lotoLui sdu de c se orlenlc spre pro

i".src oroctico. Trlmlsi lo Zuri.h penlru c-si comp eto

-^ducolicr, Morcel sl frolele ,ou lul u (l 896 I o!f f ^vorsrudlo cihitecruro. icr mezinul lor, George (l899?)ng nerio de conslrucfli.

sTUDlltE iN rLVrIt,qPerloodo pelrecutd lo Zirrlch, inlre voro lui l9l4 :i

.lotsai onu ui 1919, este delermincrnld peniru for

mo,eo p,oferonclo :j crilstlcc o lul Morce loncu

Pclro,el ',oraoeoIor'o o 'a da'/o

n.-DO1o O r- PA'1oa-O p ;' 6 ^ 'ol^ ^ oe '

.r A 16 ,, a ogF ^ ar' , lo.-r'o ob "o 'o.

rroli-o eo o ,',o',oo'o 1' o i Dooo o'o' ' do

Trislon Tzoro, esle momentul culmrnonl din ungo viofo

orr I oo" ro1 ao^e 'lpl oo'1 6 i o

orlei moderne. Cu energio debordcntc ce I vo ccroc

lerizo inloldeounc, reugJsete sdr imblne sludille cu ocliv

lloteo de nechanl dadalst flind unul dlnire ce mol

ocllvl membrli cri miscorli Deseneozd ofise pentru

exoozitiile sl monlfestorile dcrdcrlsie, conlecltoneoz'misri si cosiume cub ste pentru donsu j e moderne,

!".s""t. 9r recitcr, line pre eger dospre orlo si orhi

i,".rricr tl conlribule cu grouuli.-sr desene o pub colrile

Dcdo. Din oceostd perioodo doleozo moiorltoteo con

locle or cu reprezenlonii importonll o ovongorde nter

nolo o^' ti'toi^ ; c o c qooopo zioro

[]imlior esle fopiul ccl reusesle so imbine loole oceste

octlvitoli $l ccr scondolurile monl{eslorilor Dodo, core

ot cru , o^r '.o p6l t^; po >o'^piaaTa o oo- Jto oe -, p, r' ,.o-\or o o oo n^ ;, ^6 I'

ceriiflcolu de obso vire: Condu lo domnu ui lcrncu n c

oo o 1.,,"e' l''gai'Lnteresul crescdnd penhu 9c:irec une coi :pre o

noud ortd, foto u,tdtoo'e o.-pe,crt e de p rrgor'e efec-

tuoio de dodoism, indeporieozc t eplol pe lonru co

Je oltf"l si pe cei ofi pio:ticreni din grupul Dodo de

nlhi lsmu ce contlnuo sb f e perpetuot de poetii din

r, o^r''r r'a "loro.D' o^oo,d'^^ro-'-\ r - ,O ' , ra qr " ' rol J P-^" O lr r /' ^

rrort, ,po -o o 'o ' rdo'o ' ol8 6 q 'p''u Do

Neue leben tn Bo:eJ impreun-r cu Arp, Bcumonn,

Glocometti, Touber 9i Moroch si crpo , in cprilie

l9l 9, o csoclcl ei porolele, Bund Revoluiionarer

Kinstler. Monifeste e ole cdrul oulor sou semnolor

esle, ne dou o mogine exocld o ldei or pe core loncu

sj le formeozo 9i p"entru core mllllecrzd in Elveficr misi-

un"o ,oclo d o crrtei sl oriistulul in formorec omulul

Morce .lonco wos born on Moy 24th '1895

rn Bu

chorest, in o weolthy mlddle-clc:s- fomlly, h s lcrther

beincr c lextjLe merchonl. l-le benefited from o gooc

"o,.t-o' 'ea' .loo ,'c('h'ogl e' o

-;l: "

! -oo o'o C, ^o,qr e Lozo n;oh \c"oo

Mo ^O'o he ^O Oo,-'o o.?'OO od 'r;,1 ! oo'.nL au ino h s hol dovs, which crllowed for hls eorry

oL o.o',g". o yr. ot r 'a I i- lto'1 ['o' ^ o

C^r-o / , .o,, o on o r'. oco l' bo't^-6,o'o. Oto.") eo''9 -ol -^. oJ oq,r q Mor or 'or o' 9'" o d,on t g 4r'6'

o'oo,c,..no h o' chool h" ''o^d^d o rol e .o laO vor 1^ , --6^6 o' to a ' llo o od e o-'lo o -o e p o r, o'plo'a\,io . Mo'.-l Jo '.o ord '

"'. ^. l - 1 Boo O8') ne'^ ^',' o I L

study crchiteclure, whlle iheir brother, George

{l 899 ?) ottended conslrucilon eng neering'

MARCET JANCC S SIUDIES ]N SW]TZERtAND'I tAp6,oo o^,-.2', 1'9-'l o rte, of o'untll'lcte 19,19, wos c hcll morl n ]onco s p oies

ilonol ond orllsllc ccreer Whi e he otlended rie

crchirecture courses, he wouJd cl:o poini ond Jor

,rq ra7,-h C) I - "ra aCd'^ Pot 'tot 't O'Oqo o

niire re,^': oroob ta'- )p rle i'Po'oo

";;; ^i, r- or '/a'a ,'o'1o lot'do o ot r-

Dcdi Mouemeni wos /he momenl of his long ortls; -.or"",, ond eorned him o poce ln Modern ort h s'c

, r o o.a, ^he,t ,nq ^t e-g/ o- ho o. ^"

o. o.-'p^dr ' ^^'o ; 6.sclor; 'die r''l '

o ,o ^a'o oooor 6 h^oooo ob^'1.o. o. ,c -o1[o, i -^a gorp. le ,ro d d

oosters for rhe Dodo exhlbltions ond shows' wo'' :rtnrfo.tr," cublsl mcrs[s ond cosiumes for modet-

don.", os wel At the some llme he would dcnc=

ond recite iexts, de ver leclures on orl ond orchile:

fure crnd would cr so pubLlsh hi: drow ngs ond eng'c' -

inqs ln Dodo mogcrzrnes Du ing hrs Zur ich period l':es]oblished mony conlccts with vor ous mporicnt,re:

resenlciives of the lniernotiono cvcnlgorde, such c 'lhe lolion Fulurlsls crnd the Poris on ovoni gorc:or-i,.t.. lt is cmozing how he cou d combine cll the:=

cciivllies. Besides, ihe sccndc,Ls coused by the Dcc:r".li"ti"i.tt, if !r ." Jed even the crltention of t-=locc] oo ice, did not seem to hove offected his occ:-r..,r oo o'oorjog; qb oo.ontoro'on: oroo ,o"o ' o i .oro 'M Jo' o bel o

.orid no complcint ot oll''lcnco become more cnd more lnteresled ln flndinc -:

i""ll..t *.rt r""a;.; ;;; ort, meont os rhe r'-e '

slecr lo the potQ nq operclion ochieved by the Dcc:Conseouenllv,-he ond olher fine oriists of the grc-:n odroiv dlrsocloted themselves lrom the unfcll '';.;;-; "o^o'aoo

,^poar),r ^^'rorere,' ^iq or |'o'o. 'oa rcDooo-oo-c,1,6'ro,16 .o'tc,r . Ir . -o,d' o'fct- ^pollon olonq wth Arp, Boumonn, Glo-comelll, Toub:'crnd Mor"och into the foundotion of ihe group i:Neue leben in l918 in Bosel' fol owed, in Ar'

il

t,rlrll

=r ndivlducr ismu ui .in orid sl necesi-

-:,nln penlru creorec unei orle noi;-:ls focle de o orgi slmtu de lbertcrle

-,- ch revine cu predi eclie.in lnterviuri

-, .! se re{ero nlclodotd deto lot o-': c Zurlch in voro ui I 9l 4, Morcel=

^'scr u iniol lo Universilole, plmu o

=: o motemolicd, peniru co in loom-': aOO. tC Irid.O^ta^

--er Technlschen Hochschu e (ETFI),

:e crhilclurd pe core il vor cbso vi in

:-' Cirir,^ profesorii de 1o ETH si, pro^ I rnore inf uenlo osupro formdrii ui

=,'- e vetion Kor Moser (l 860 1936),rcc o po itehnico din onul in core

=:: . -clii e si poncr ln l92B Moser esle, - -.l d n pr mit menlorl oi orhiteclurii:::,pio ins-r stilul modern incepcrnd cu

::- : :upd ce loncu pcrosesle ZLjrich-u. ln

-- ::esiu o, Moser erc .inccr ecleclic, in

'::--rc d oporond o oturi de elemente-r--,:. nf uenle o e mlscdrli Secession.

=:e devin moi t0rzlu cctroclerisllce,- : pe core in teole oceslo le enunlc:,:- sd s oibo or ginec in influenlcr exer-

,:- ' pre egeri e sole lo ETH, Moser si

=-' .d irolorec orgonicd c spoiiu ui esle;:--e o crhiteclurii. n ocelosl timp, drn

- :: e se desprinde ideecr unel sircrnse

o' plo.: -:r loorle pul ne desene de crrhiiec-

-'-C ior, inire olle e cdtevo schite de- : 30-oce, ereculole in iimpul excur: i.,lo inleresonte sunl, insct, douo

,- =-:riind prorecte de lnterioore, cur scru comp ei ocoperiti de picturo .in

:r<:resronisl". Aceste schtle ou fdcul-': olntr o serie de desene cu interioore: i;ezentole, sub formo de diopozilive,

. - .,-'.- iinuidr de Mcrce crncu o Deporlo- -- -eclrrd ol ETH in ZUrich in febrLrcrie-, -:rlscris o pre egerii, inlilu otct ,,Despre.r ra:t-oclar sl crhitecturo', se pdslreozd!.-:- preocuporeo \ul \crncu pentru re\oiicr'ieclurd s conv ngereo co dolorllo dez'el obslrocf-^, crhrlecturc (de interior) 9i pic-

:oi reopropio. Arhilecluro de inlerior mo.:: e 1oncu, cere.indepcrrloreo icrb ouri]or de

- :' si ornomenloreo pereil or pr n oplicoreoc cbslrocto direct pe suprofolo lor. deeoo'p o op oa aPoro"o ^po o24

r -a ocuore e doiote I 9l B, reprezentond:e clcrdlri, s-ou pdsl'oiin orhlvcr M Seuphor lcI ale Maison ctvec observotoir si Moison

,r, crmbele desene ou o notd ocrecum fon

I 91 9, by lhe poro le .:: - - r' -'a^o'F N, ..F -ld t '.

cosigned beor wilness oi tl-e -l-t: i--:: -: r:.:oPoo o o . oaoo a .

soc o mission of ort ond oris:'l :'=: ='-a '-.. - a.ihe releclion of individuo isn r .: :- I = :-l , .e-

Lt eOoI-O,l Or^C6, u aAo - , - -.crl lo enhonce ihe sense cf freeior r i-.-Athough lhe Zurlch perod wou c core rp r . s rierviews, he never gove delois os lo rls occdemic si;d-es Cn orriving in Zurich during ihe sumn'er. of 1914Morce ond .lu es Jonco registered llrst cr theUniversily, choosing os molors chemistry ond mothe-molics respeclvey. However, the next outumn lheyboth were odmltted to Eidgenossischen Technlschenl-lochschu e (FTH) to crttend ihe crch iecturc course,which they groduoted in Morch l9l 9iThe Swiss orchiteci, Kor Moser (l 860 1936), c ETFI

professor f rom I 9l 5 unti I 928, hod, presumob y, themost effeclive inf uence on .lcrnco s lormclion yeors.Moser is hed os one of lhe lirsl meniors of moderlorchrieclure However, il wos on y from 1920 thct heodopted the modern style, ofte .lcnco hod elt ZurtchWhl e the oller wos o sludent, Moser's orchilecturewos still ec ectic, pervoded with clossie ond boroquee emenls o ong wiih inf uences of the Secession movement. Some ospects thot .lonco iheorlzed whi e in

Zurich, crnd whlch oter turned to be o chorcrclerislic ofhls wor[, seemed to hove lheir origin ln Moser's influence. in his ETFi courses, Moser icuqhi his sludentslhot on orgon c lreotment ol spoce wcs ln foct theessence, ihe roison d'etre ol orchiiecture. Moreover,his entire work wos governed by the ideo of tight co-

Grupu Simboiui de r :lirngoo Crecpic: Trislor Tzcrc,

Morcei oncu, ll r oncu,

r.o lncper ! of vfeol9t2 t913The Simbciui (Symbci) grorp,irom ,^it tc righl: Triston Tzoro.

Molc-- .]onco .1u es.]onco,

Po rJl Chopier crd on Vlnec,

t9t2 t9t3

?t,./,tl p

FRANTA )919 ]921[o cdtevo uni dupo obsolvireo cursu ui oe ornlieclura,Morce si uliu oncu pleoco o Pors :. Perioodo ceurmeozd, intre decembrle I 9l 9 sl sforsitu onuluiI 921 , ccnd se reiniorc'in Romonio, rdmOne

.in ceolo.

Din nici un lniervlu nu rei-os clor inlentille cu core ou

mers in Fronio si nici detolii csupro crciivildlii din cel

doi oni lnlre exlrem de pufine e mdrturii despre 1re

cerecr lui loncu prn Poris, exlslo o relotcrre despreintrevedereo ocesluio cu Brelon sl Piccbio, inlrevedere in trmpu cdrelc loncu le crolo ocestoro o serle dedesene de orhilecturo. Brelon meniioneozd fcplu codesenele il surprind 9i co deiLe u oncu'in ocesldomenlu se por ciudote, dor nu-9i exp iciteozc ofir

molii e. Esle posibi co inire ccesie desene so fi figurctsi cele omintite mol sus '.Porosind Porlsu, frotii loncu merq in Flondrc, unde

ucreczdr lo Arros si Bethune, orose ce ou ovut focrtemu I de suferit in limpu rdzboiu ui r. ntre septembriel92O si sfcrsitul onului 192,l, Morce oncu ore loBethume,'impreund cu orhitectul froncez A L Dequi16,

un birou de reconslruclri de ccse dislruse de rdrzboi.

Se stie mult preo pufln despre lucrcriLe biroului Jonco& Deo re .loor' l-o oo rti 'o'li^r o'o't'-r'osume onsioe oo a oa oo^, o - Ro.ror o rd o ot' timposibi ilcteo froli or lcncu de cr se inireline dln

munco lor. ln icrrno l92l 22 oncu se inloorce ln

Romonio sl esie de presupus co sl frotele sdu, luliu, se

i'opo o,zo i oce'o, r p.

RCMANIA[o intoorcereo lcr Bucuresli, Morce loncu crre 26 deoni. Avond oscendentu celui ce frecvenlose ce e moi

rnor personoliiotl cr e ovongordei iniernofionole,oe\'r ^-epadApivot.1.g,r odot^o "^Po ce1i- e'e:o r r 'lo ,e oi' o- o o. dor o o. '^ Ro^lot o

ore, in sfirgil, posibi itoleo sd puno in oplrccre conceptiile lormcle allrich sl onume ocec vorionld po',,o -odoro.o o ogoo \T. r'perl" r. ota opro.F .'

mol o es, inieresul sdu crescernd peniru Construclivism.Revisto Conlimporonul, o cdrel coeditor sL directororlislic esie iimp de lO on , incepond cu 1922, si core.ii

servegie lui loncu de porte-paro/e, s"primo loorlebine cceostd nucnlo de moderore' . ,,Revo ulio s o

focut foro forme bomboslice', scr e .lccques Cosiininlrun orlcol relrospecliv in l934 ,,CeosuL cles, curr

oziloteo 9i mci o es co iloleo operei ou fost ccuzo'.rC€.r p ireo d"rorrlto i^ ,c'. 1^ p'or ron o h'o t. ,o. {...) oro \o oloctr 616 inva6 la t' Lro- r' proqro^ r lCo-li-po o.. lero 'o -os"ge p i'pa \Jo< ,. re 1 ) C rvort-l oe oro rtr f L ero 'podo i'c!po!Lneo.l

) C,ez /1 r ^'s >tr -r r c Io o .'Der oooo p^l-e( .to ir Poronio r re or' Q)2 s

194 I, sto sub semnul plurolltalii, o unei energiexplozive si ol unel continue couiorl. ,,E prolix. piclor, scu ptor,

o ,ec' .. i^ Sor-o" r ioo oesp e Morcel orcl ',l930. ,,E inconslont: picleozo, sculpleozc p onuesle

oz ol-f"l de-tns.,ir ooer .c rob, .eto '.oer Ircoore toldeounc dreptote, e procuroru ortei scrle. {...) o

loborotion beh,veen crchitect, sculplor, ond pornteru.

Cnly o few orchiteciuro drowings hove been pre

served from thot period, omong which some sketchesof clossic ond bcroque buildings .lcrnco mcde duringhis study trips. Todoy the most interesling ones for us

ore two woter-co ours represenling designs for inleri-

ors, where ihe wo s crre entire y covered with poiniingsin on obstroci expressionisl sly et. These sketches were,presumobly, included in o series of inlerior designs pre-

)c'l aO O r.id^S ,r o p lO . e r -a lol .o do 'o'ed C'

the ETH Archllecture Depcrlmenl ln Zurlch, in Februory

lo B -^^ e -' ^ nol p 'Cr C bi.r Ab ro'A' o.d { erts c o oea^ p eser ^d llis '- '

proves .lonco s conceTn with the re ctionship beh,veen

po ^ g oro o , F--r 'a o: wol' os ri. oo o' lo-crchiieliure ( nterlo orchileciure moinly) ond poiniingcould come coser ogcin due io the deveopment oiobslrocl ort. Modern interior orchiieciure, os Jonco p.l;

it, demonded lhe removo ol pcrint ngs honging onwo,b or o ne opp 'o iot o ob:-ro'l po "-irg d ondirecily on the wcr I su foce. Storting wllh 19232tc,1.o p I s doo ^to p o, 'e i' Pororic.

Two more cquorel es representing fogcdes - some

how bordering on fcntosy dcting from l9lB, hcveOe€l pa5g1ej M'o :e.pto pOp^f it Do''

Mo.:on o\ e. oo)e i o'oi ' ot o Mo'so^ od\ Fou.

FRANCE, ]919 ]921Few months crfler groduoi ng the orchitecture course

Morcel ond .luliu Jonco sel for Poris The peric:sponnlnq from December l9l9 to loie I 921 , whe'1[ey come bocl to Romonlo, is sti b urred. No inle-

v,^w ceo ', .po iIo. *1, ll-.y \^trT -o Dor' or ovides detois obout their octivity during lhose "w:yeors '. Among the very few detoi s concerninJ

Jo !o sloy i Do-i, -\e^ so roAor h. reeii :Brelon ond Picobio, when.lonco showed lhem seve'o orchilecluroL s[etches. Bieton menlioned in his co-re.soondence ihot these skeiches omozed him c c

oni .lon.o s ideos seemed rother odd to him; ye'Breton did nol moke his point c eor Presumob y, h:sow the sketches menlioned obove 'On eoving Poris, the brolhersJcrnco wenl lo F crnde,s

where they worked in Arros ond B6thume, both dcr-oged during ihe World Wor l. I Sloriing wii-September I 920, .lonco cnd the French orchilect Al. Dequire were regisieted os hoving on office, spe, o ./eo r eorid r q ^o os oe:- oyed d '- r 9wor; however, lttle s known obout Jonco & Dequi'=office ond its oclivriyr'. Since Jonco's porenls kept c-

'pply ro ll ^' 'or w'tr lotge ono' r ol roror-eem- To- lpe lwo oro'tA -o1to l'6 61 -9 ryo .thelr own income. During the winter of l92l 2-Jonco come bcrck to Romcrnio, cnd presumoby, l'.brother relurned os wel .

RCMAN ACn hrs reiurn to Buchorest, Jonco wos iwenly s '

Hoving the outhority of someone who took pori r -

Molson ovec observololre

ocrorelo, Zurich, 1 9l 8

Moison ovec observoloire,

woter colour, Zrirlch, l9l B

: ,s .ile o plotro de unghi fleccrui skyscrcrper cr orle.-,lresionism, cubrsm, consl urt v sm F imed ct p no o- ersc itcte. dovcdo: icb ourle e o:e e re e[ur e,,:.eneie scre, iehnco si suf]etl nici unui fu seclrrdnO

oo'{)[ oo'o ^oio,,'rnC .impreundr

cu frole e sdu, uliu, Morce oncu-: corierd ccr- crhitecl, construind inlre 1922:,t1,.8 peste 4O de cadir,'il mcioritole orhileciuro

=- ientio d. Procllcoreo crhlteclurii esle ceo core ri

, :.l'd o vrolo 'imbe sugolo, burghezcr, ii permile sr-r':ze oso cum vreo si sd flncnieze revisle sl monl-, : crlislice. Toius consocroJeo co orhilecl vlne

- - obio in crnli 30, mu l limp dupo ce crf cu ercl- I cunoscul cc p clor. groficicn si pub icist. Lc;

,-:: rit oni]or treizec , Mcrce s u iu oncu ou un

-, de crh leclurd core se numeste Blrou de Siudlr-r: fe, cu sediu .in lmobile conslruile de ei, .in

: -. Triniloiii, Ccimoter si Po eo ogu Aporlu' ^ poo ^ ^ oT r, , lo g so,'^ sp19.i

d - orao.^.oo O I OpitrO .

,-r d n cel dol frcli nu c dscrl mdrturii scrrse.- -r -crse e foml iei, Morcel ero cel responsobi de',- d- po ^o o o Mo ^c

o ot ^ a/a r^- ol,a ; p-: reclizole de e : o ^ Ma,cet], i, io,-.r oso' reinilioi or plleo crede cd este vorbc de o,r rer.socrf d, este probobi semn ficotivc oiOt

- -- crhio dln codrul echipei ce o formou cei dor- : s' penlru coez unec ei. n publicclii. une e:rcr sub nume e ombilor froll, ce e moi mu le

, -:' sub nume e lu Morce loncu. U lerior mer':,,enil ocesluic dln urmcr r uno:cui n pr mu1

p^oOoaOr; r'.a i o,O,o.d

] -_JL CAR EREI, I922 1925

: ,i I Ce 'incepul cr oclivltotii ur oncu in domenlul- ---- esle foorie putin documenlcrid. ln inlerv uri

= :'nordri, olcu nu se.inloorce niciodclo moi- -r timp de onli conslruirli primelo' cose mo

, = .especliv ant 1926 22. De curonC'insd, s ou

:- =''i cilevo proiecle ce oduc pulinc umlnd''.epulu ui coriere sole si cr evo ui ei stllisiic^e; : c irecul opero so 'in ccesli prim on . n

: citevo lun dupo inlocrcereo'in Romcnio,

=': zeczd un onsomb u de gcpie mici lmobi e- , :'ocr -olole o loid ul sdu din str. Trlnttolil'r. Din

- : l' dcteozcr si o vi d, o cdrei odresd rirmOne. o o. A_[.]^ p o.^ . opo .

.d'o'o F 6 ^io pto^o-ooo^: :c ec geomelrlcd o e emente or pre ucte d n

- : csic onuntond inso deio evoiutio pre-:' .l lerioore. Sunt desigur rezu tctu l:ormcliel

: - s-rdlior io ETH in Zurlch si cmlnlesc orhr: :-identiold eng ezd s germond, cunosculd

, Ct A \ , o, o oE p, 1 , -r o io'l' M io

-, cncu proiecleozd ocesie prime c odirl inr , rc rsl f ! esle slrprinzdlor. ntorccrndu se in

lhe interncliorc I -r r :nl I o-^l O3e O r

-e eo

9ro oo I

o ^, I'orol q . :

r i, Ol2cl o 6 (] .oo looo- ^ a I ; :

tlo .-De

o. o I o -Jocques Cosl n wrole r o e: :-D-:i .e i..c e pubished in 1934 The sLrc e . i tl e i ,i d+r , .,ic-llons in wrliinq, fire oris, crd crcr ieciui-e v,ros due ioihe chosen momenl, 1o the indomiloo e curios ly, ordflrstond foremosl. to lhe intrin:c qrc ty of rhe wo I ofort ( ) The progromme clmed or winn nct th oL qh persrolion, ovoiding olloc[s invectu.s crnJ insu-s. {...)The s ogon wos.-1he creotion itse f ond not o wor-likedec crclion. ( ) Our creed wos neliher ncrrow m nd-^d o no lo r oThe iime he spenl in Romonio, between 1922 cndI 94 I , stooC under the sign of p uro rly, erp osive ener-o o d.^oo p lo oo,'. oo oro ,.h^ ooo,a o p,o odo ol;-e odE iod wrole obout Morce .lcnco n l93O He is onrnprediclob e person.

- he w pcrint, sc uipt, desigl

o'o o ^r^ - ooo/ i ol v or o ^o -o ro oityesterdoy. Since he is owcys right, he s ihe ludoe ofh s own cri. ( .) He hos poid tri-bute to every c Jnt n

,-'*

-:---- |

!

Schiii pent.r lr ille io , Zuriclr

9 t6Srelch io or nterlor. Zrr ch,

t9t6

.,,r".:'i.,:t::li:l:t'lirll:::.i',.,.:,'t,,r.ir,::r:t,,r,:,rir::::r,il:,t,rr:,1

,rt,t .jU:...li.li:i r,j:l,li.:..11: ri,:r,ri a::ijitll: t:::.tt:itii rrtl ;,i t:l

Romonio lo sforsitu onulur 192 :-:- c:-:s:s-e Ce

root t_rooo O. io-.o'o c'-a ,:. -- e oel

mente mportonte rn orhilecilro modernd so fi ovut

loc". Pe de olta porle,'in Romonio o siOrsltu Prlmrrl

Rozboi Mondlol nu exlslo incc stlmulil culturoll, socioli

sou economici necesori unei innoiri rodicole in orhi

lecturd ln Bucuregtiul onilor douozeci, predomino

incd ocodemlsmul becrux-orts $i stilu neo-romdnesc,

excepiie focernd ctttevo rore exemple de Art Deco

Tol inieresul pentru.innoire in crrhiteclurd se concen

ireozo 'in cdutoreo unul stjl ncrlionol, specifrc, in spe

.ltt o" Jinle decorotivo. Primele monifeslorl crle

migccrri moderne in orhilecturd se vor doloro lui loncu

9l vor fi reolizole in )92627 lo cofivc oni dupc

intoo,.","o so lc Bucuregti. Eforturrle scrLe lzolole

deschid drumul consocrdri modernlsmu ui, ce vc

"""" f ".

lo inceputul onilor 3O' dupb rntoor'e,reo de

lc studlr din slroindtcrte o une lni egi generoltt de Iirerl

orhitecti, moment ce coinclde cu ptoi"tul generol de

modernizore rcPido o Romonlei.

in octlvjtoieo lui loncu, perioodo 192325 opore, dln

outrno info motle pe core o dellnemi co o perioodcr

o-a O eoo. 6 o^ r 1oO:le t€ )i opro 'loo ^ o o'l ' J

, 'r, eJ e- o n;.' ori rootr -a s' o^ otol ovora o

ccesiuio 'in rondurile pub iculul Lo primo vedere s or

po ao o 'o- - , 5o zo'o- i1 o -ot'e o o -dol'to t

, .n.arroloo " oo;tio'o,o o't Dolot ;6 )e 169- ol

se dovedesle o fi insosj rmog neo omului modern,

iocrrre bine informoi de lol ce ie petrece in domeniul

ortei, 'in Cccident. C sludlere oienld o revisl-'i

Coritirpo,onulur, peniru core cncu stobileste de o

inceoulul onului i 923 o retecr de relofi inlerno'

f ono e, dezvc ule conllicrteo impres ononld de reviste

de crvongordo primite din toclcr Europo. Prin inter-

mediul oiestorc, loncu esle lc curenl cu ceeo ce se,T-orp,o r pos- r te o^ o,o.qoroc glo 6'f 'o .J1

r ode'r^ ,1 (pa' o 'r Clo^do Co n o^io ' l'ortoConlimporanul primeste g publico orlicole 9i moi cles

iLustrolii de orhileclurd slro no ce ocopera un speclru

destul de lorg Clondcr (V M Dudol, i P Cud Th

v Doesburg,-C. v. Eesieren), Fronlcr (Le,Corbrsier, A

Perel, R. Moletstevens), Germcrnio (W. Gropus,B.Tout, E. Mende sohn, H.W.Lukhordt, M es von der

Rohe), to lo (V Morch ) 9i Belgro (V. Bourgeois)'

Pe plon teorei c, cele moi im!ortonte suni in primLrl

'g q 'a, r 6're pe 5, il :i / f:p ' 'aI \eotJ. oA .o ^(6n"np6t6^1 tr oa T-o ' e'o-"rol do p' b;' ' 'Li

lncepond cu februcrie ,l923 ln scrierile ur loncu,

e e er de 16 r I'r o1-6 eo ooJo e d r 'e rojo'oole cvongordei consiruciiviste, neoplo-slicismu s pu

i,mr I eole7aato'a de oce 'F et -a . Ali' -st^6 I

qrupul De Stiil si cu Le Corbusler este explicoid de

interesul lui oncu pentru cubism si obsirociionism, co

sl de idei formulote de el deic lo ZLir ch' precum res

oinoereo ndvdlol -.l r clAeoo^' ec'' |' node'^.n if.* co]ecilv si rncredereo in rolul sociol cr crhl'

tectu luiz'.lnformof o prlmrto din siroincliole, lcncu infeege so o

popllcrrizeze prin inlermediu revlslelor de ':vongordd

ort. erptessLonism, cublsm, cnd construclivlsm f is

llol-o e', 'ooo. -6 r I ite'Sol '1 L ' po'^r rg f,o ' o

,^ sl . or o'd ow'rg' qi lp1 ll6rl i 'e'hrq'^ ord'oril r...1 r^ ;s o' t' ,b-o o"d o oro V-,

lolco ro t oo oge hor w'n h. b orhe' ' re o"dmode himself o .J,""t cs on orchilect, buiLding more

ihon 40 buLldings, mcinly residenticl orchiteciure,

belween 1922 and 1938 H s proct cino otchlteclure

secured hlm o weolihy bourgeois living, which

ollowed him lo poinl whithout consiroinls' to fund

mooozlnes ond ort shows However, he become o

*"iiLno*n orch lecl elolively lote, in the 1930s, long

ofier he hod olreody mode his norne os o pointer, o

oroohlc desoner, ond o columnist. ln eorly 1930s(4o',." ond lulet lonco hod on orchilecluro office,

nomed Cfflce for Modern Studies, Locoled, in lurn, in

ihe houses designed by them in the Coimotel,

Trinitoiii, ond Pole"ologu stieets Todoy lt s difficult to

evoluoie the ind vidudl contribulion of the two broth

-^ s to the lolnl p oiects, becouse the office Poperswere Losl ond none of them left cny wr tten documenl

in lhis resoecl. However, c,ctording to fomily recol

Lecllons, Morcel wos in chorge with the design ond

rhe ortisric slde of the proiectsi. The l nd of hie orchy

ond cohesron exisling inside their ieom could nol

hou" b""n beiter exfressed thon by the wcy ihey

used io inscrlbe theli nomes on the buiLdings they

desioned arch. Mctrcel Jules Jcsnco,which could be

lnieri eted by on outsider os one single nome Wheno1b, rhoo \o't a o r6Jl q 1..'qr ^/tr ^ o qred 'ooo L [16'l.or , ve r o ] o, 'fo"-, \Aare g' ^d b

Mor. o' 1or.o. A' o. gh tne, olwo rr wo ' od 'oge-l

er, histoiiogrophy gorie cred t lo Morce lonco, /he

well known"ortistic [ersonolity, while]ules remoined in

the shodow ".

EARLY YEARS I922 ]925Few documenls hove been found regordlng Jcnco'secrrlv ociivilv os c,n crchileci. Whenever he reco lec

hls crcilvltv,'he would never qo fu*her bock thor

l92a?7 when he buii the flrst modernisi houses. A

few orolecis recenly discovered, ihrow some light o'the siv istic evo ution'of .lonco s eory work ln 1922soon

'cfler he relurned io Romonio, Jcrnco deslgne:

on ensemble of seven smol houses on one of h ''o-\o , ll ope ritr. i^ i'i16" 5- etrl r'r rl ^ 'o^veo, he built c vi lc whose oddress remo ns unknovr-

bolh oroiecis belonqed lo trodltionol orchlieclur:olthough

'the simpl c iy of the fogodes ond the ge:,.,,i,uli o,,o, o'h^eerd.-( oo o*edIor.clossicol onguoge weTe cnnounci,rg his oler der:oomeirs.T'Jto:e t ^'aa / l^a e r,'ol torco ''ie O ['- ,. /,.h O.o -e.OlTt ^ lrg ' ]Germon style in resldenlioL crchrlecture, kno '

through Ch.'A Voysey s work ond H. Muthesius p-:Llcoiions' .

Jcrnco's designing these first bu ldings in cr irodjtic--.,r1" rho' 16 i 6- . r'Or .A r. ,r -hc eos. C^ [ehcnd by the end ol l92l , when lcnco come !:

r' r ol unor revisie culluro e cu oudiento mcri loroo o: Ilepr n rl o.pririoli-, roiori'::: i ci modernismu ui, pe core il preocupo s

--,:::iele teoretice crle miscorir. ln specio onu I 925: ': ,. cn de virf in compon o penlru promovoreo pr n

- : r orhilecturii moderne, in core loncu pub lccl,oao o'os dod,O,r-trre r'eqi o'e evis.

= Jtntinporonu/ orhiiecturli noi. Tot ctunc cpore,b, orcr oo ,oo1 ,n si o-.,c .ro 4,'o

-- :-.,,' din o cdrei redoctie foce pcrie si oncu, si core: -rc!rne sd coniribuie lo formorec unei cu luri crrhl

-- ,-'ce genero ei oxondu sc in specict pe pro-. ---: e octucr e privind urbon smul, ocuinle e iefline,, ::'dizorecr 9i higieno soc o]d". In oce os on

. - -- ^rcepe so predec cursuri de orhileclurd de inie-. le pro eclcre de mobi er modern lcr Accdemio

- -= :' Decorotive din Bucuresli Acodemio, gOndito:: -ode u sco il Bouhous, lnsc bcrzcrlo pe inilioiivo'-, crd, ore o viold destul de scurtcr neqosind

- -: rieres cr vremeo resoectivd.I - -: mdrtuTii oe'incercdri de obordore o moder, -,,i de cdtre cncu sunl cdlevo desene de orhi

- ' -: publicoie in februo rie 1925, in revisio- -' "aoranul, intr un numdr consocrol orhiiecturi' r:'ie. Ele pot fi dotoie oproximotiv 192324 st

-. - l3 cresupus cd provin din ,,Expozltio inlerncrlio' :: : lcntimporonu ' ce ovusese loc cu cOtevc lunt

: -': in decembrie l924,,.tnde oncu elpune zece.- =-: de orhilecturo si o mcrchetcr. O olio sch io do. ,: ')24

insolesle un orlico de Mcrcel loncu publi"- :prilie 1925,in revisto oondezo Arhitecf:urc:'..':-'.l protect cunoscut o fi rec izot din perioodo

_-2i ^ e .T pro a\- lo 611 I o6 ,.o --e. Oo,o:: -

-rreo redoctiei Contimporctnu{ oflcto inir-o. ,: -: veche ce osidzi nu moi exisldz;. Schemele de

- r-e cu coTe oncu ocoperd perefii redocfie-'r-- preocupori porclee 9i posrbi e inf uenle oe

, -- r' D-- Stril. Desi nu odopto niciodoto neo-plosii-, -- , in piciurcr, loncu lmportosesie ideec genera a

= ::zvollore o unel obslroctiuni qeometrice, precumr::c nlegrdrii picturii 'in orhileclurd. nieresu pen-:: icoreo cu orii in orhiteclura conlinuo so looce: nportcnl in mulle pro ecie ulterioc e, scheme e--:iice ctp icclte oiot in inlerior col si -in

exterior,'-:.llnd o noto specificdr o operei lui oncu in

^ ode.nis- | oro-e L.

:- .,-LE CTADIR MCDERN STE

TJCURESI) 192627" . . or i .l or r' 9t5 lo't.. 1.^p i de o . oc

O id^. trco o p r C- ro. o [re-ot r- tr '. Nu ovem deto ii despre ocecstd co olorie si

-- r-.rme oncu o vdzutin moterie de orhlteciurdr. Se'= 'i onu 1925 a fosl onul morei Expoziiii de Arte

- =::rolive din Porls, unde Le Corbusler conslruieste: ,: . rnu Esprit nouveou 9l Rob Mol ei Sievens, povil-- - -frrismulut

Semnificctiv poote fi foptu co 1l intol-:': oe Robert De crunoy core, co si Mo lel Slevens,-r rcse interioore moderne penlru pavi ioone e

to Romonic, Weslern Europe -::

renewcl in orchileclure r '-= :- =- .. : I , ^ J- i.Moreover, excepl ng some A:; l::: :.r-a :: '-eBeoux-Arls ccodemism ond ihe '.-:.: i-r- :- :- :-y eprevciled rn the l92Os Buchores A e ,- : -,. -ern-ing the orchiiecluro renewo were chcnne edlowcrrds o nctrono slye ond conceniroied on orno-ment. The firsl mcnrfeslofrons of the modern rf ovementin orchileclure were due to lonco, ond wereochieved o few yeors ofier his return io Buchoresl, in192677 l-1is onely eflorts opened woy ro the ftrmeslob ishm-^ni of modernism in eoriy l93Os, when theyoung generollon of orchitecis come bock from theirocodemlc sirdies occomplished in lhe Wesi, ondwhen Romcnicr wcs undergoing cr genero process ofmodernizcllionAccording to the limited omounl of informoiion ovollobe, the yeors 192325 seem to be cr pe od ofocquirlng ond occumulotrng ihe theoreticoi ideos oflFe r Od-r, I o/e-ra-- ^rer ne p orO Fo .is prir ,

ples omong the Romonion public. At first, Joncoseems lo be isoloted cmid the prevoleniy conservclilve ond ircrditionc milieu. n loct, he turned lo be thevery imoge of modern mon, o we linformed persor,conversont with the deve opmeni of tho Wesiern orl.A thorough sludy of l6e Continporanul m<:gazine,which Jcrnco connected 1o on inlernoilonc iu lurcrnelr.rror[ , reveols the impressive omount of ovon!g;orde moqozines ls edilors would receive from cover Europe. This ollowed Jonco to be fcmilior withwhol wos on in lhe ouiposls of cvcntoorde, espe-cicly in !o lcnd, Germony cnd F'once Continporonulwou d receive ond pub ish crlrc es, ond por-c, O'ly o a gt Or, -' or IL a i I ,fro o^s .OVA| l^q o,r.d^ or geir -is-ielo Iooio{V M D oo, .PCud, Th v. Doesburg, C. v. Eesleren), Fronce (LeCo b,qi^ A DA el D. Mo e-So.e s) Co rorr (WGropius, B.Tcut, E Mendelsohn, ll W Lul hc dt, Miesvcn der Rohe), ltoly {V. Morcht), ond Begtum (V.

B u rgeois ).

Among lhe mogozines Contimporanu/ would recelveond further recommend to ils reoders storting withFeb uory 1923 the most imporlont for their thloretico conlent were De S/1/ ond L'Espilt Nouveou Themoio direclions of the construclivisi ovonlgcrrde, represenled by these two moqozines2:, neoplosticrsmond purism, obvious y influenced Jonco. The offln tywith De S/r1l cnd Le Corbuster I is e,p cined byJonco's interest rn cubism ond cbstroclionism ond byr o'e 9^r^ 6l lcg, l-p l-oo de.o opoo o ,eod1 r

Zurich, such crs: lhe reject on of ind v duolism, theneed of lhe co lecive effort in modern orchileclure,ond the sociol ro e of the orchilect .]onco disseminoi,ed the Weslern nformotion throuqh ihe ovcniqordemogozines crnd some wide y reod cullurol lournc s.

Among the few Romcnion orchltecls to odopt mod-

i*nlinpoRAnr I

Auloporlrel, Co nli n poro n u l.

1923Solf portrcit, Co nti nt pr:ro nul,

tg23

expozltrei. De osemeneo, s cr il!-ea c: i- Geir-'on o,

loncu sd fl vozut 9L reolizorl o e sco i Bcuhcus. lme-

diot dupcr 'inlocrcereo djn ocecslir cd dtorie, oncuproiecieozd $i conlruiegle trel c odirl cu un evidenlcorocler modernlsl. douo lmobi e de ocuinfe gr un

pcvilion pentru fobrico de cloco oio Suchcrrd, cl

Tc'gul Mosllort'Povi lonul Suchord, o conslruci e lemporord, este

egot sli istic de studil e vo umelrtce orlogono e sl os

meirice pub icole de Morcel lcncu .in

antt 192425.Ce e douo c odiri de ocuinfe sunt proiecie de trcnz-Jie cu un ccrocier modernjsl desiu de pronunfct, evdent in simp itcteo folode or si in renunloreo o simelrie si o ornomenle trodilionc e, dor sl cu une e elemenle de orhllecturd lrcdltiono islo. plonu cu cornereen suile, ocoperisuLin ponld si ferestre e re oliv m c ;i^nc te. ln ce mdsurd coldrtorio prin Europo de Vesi olnfluentoi reo izoreo ocesiot clddlri, romone un semn

de .inlrebcre

A dturi de elemente de crhitecluro mo-

dernd, esle predominontc o onumitd notd personc cr,

-rpr -"roro o^ o o ^o o odoLo onoo 'p -turo e ob:ircrcle. Llberloieo evidenio pe coteloncu sio permile in cceste proiecte se explico prinfcrpiu ccr lmo[ri ul din slr Trinitdti i consiruiesle proc

p^.r ^ el d ._e e pa, ,p io:!^rs Corne io Dcn e membrr ci cercu ul orlislic de oConfimporanul in'specicrl c odireo de lrei opcrlcr-menle din str Trinitolli, cu fclcdele ei policrome s

formc so ciudoto, trebuie sd fl fost o cpcrifie cu toluspeclocu oosd .in lnislltul corller mic burghez delongo Ho o TroicnUrmdtooreo consirucfie de locuinle, proiecicld in)927, repreztnto posuL definiiiv de odoplore cr mo

ern sm, he wos ihe first ond one of lhe very few nleresied ln the theoreticcl conlenl of the movement. n

1925, the top yeor of lonco's modernisl compoign,he pub ished count ess orlic es ond devoted wholeissues of Conlimporr:nu/ to Modern Archileclure. n

the some yecsr Artct si Orosul (A* ond Clty), o bi

monthly mcqozine for lown-p onn ng ond orchileclure, wos founded, hoving Jcnco on lts editorloboord. The mogozine oimed to creole o generoorchiteclurcl cuLlure ond concenlroied on such loprcsos lown-p onnlng, soc o housing, slondordlzolion,ond soclol hygiene" Storiing with 1925. Joncoloughi inlerior orchitecture crnd modern furniluredesign courses cl lhe Acodemy of Decorolive Arls ln

Buchorest This short Lived lnslltutlon, struclured on iheBouhcus mode , c though bosed on privole initloilve,foi ed to roise sign f cont lnlerest cri ihol llme.A few drcwings pub ished trt Conttmporanul in

Februcry 1925, ore Jonco s firsl known crliemplsto opprooch modernism They con be dctedoro To lo) 324 r-o Ae c p'. rob I o^ i

the'Conlimporonul nlerncrliono Exhibitlon" in

DecemL,er 1924, where Jcrnco hod exhrbited ten

crrchitecluro sketches ond one moCel Another sketch,dcted I 924, was published cs I luslrolion to on orli'reo,Joi o l'D l.rogo. ^4 t^ aThe on y lnown p olerl lrom 192325 is lhe interiordecoroiion of the Conti mporctnul edltoric office,ocoted in on o d buiding, no onger stcnd ngtodoy'-. The co our schemes ihot covered the wo ls

testify.lonco s porc le interesis with cnd possib e inf u-

ence of De Stiil group experiments. A though .lonconever odopled neo-p oslicism in pointing, he shoredln lhe overol ideo of deve op ng geometr c obsiroction cs we os ihe concept of integroting po nt ng nlocrchlieclure His inlerest for opplyrng colour in crchlectrre poyed o key roLe n mcny of the projecls lofo low ond conferred upon .lonco s orchiteclute cspecific chorocter within Romonion modernism.

TF]E FLRST MCDERN ST BU tD NGSN BUCHARESI 192627By the end ol 1925 .lonco set for o iourney ioWestern Iurope, trovel ng through Germony,Switzer ond, ond Fronce'n. For lcck ol inlormolion, wecof on y moke suppos tions cs to whol .lonco mighthove seen during this iourney t ls known thoi in 1925Le Corbusler bui t the Esprit Nouvecsu Povi ion ondRob Mol el Slevens did the Tounsm Povi ion for. tlre'Exposilion des Arts Decorotifs' in Pcrls. t is o so

known lhot.lcnco net Robert De cunoy, who just likeMoL et Sievens hod designed modern interiors for lheexhlbitlon Agoin, he m ght hove seen certoin ochieve-menis of Bouhous schoo in Germony. Soon ofter hls

return, .lcnco designed ond bui i lwo houses ond opcvi ion for the Suchord foctory ct Tcrgu Mosi or(The Mosi or Foir)''', oL of them wilh on obvious modern sl chcrrocler.The Suchord Pcvll on, o lemporory consirucilon, wilh

rnismului. Vilo Fuchs din str. Neousiori e.sle unLr din. rol^, oz ,ti l co a .e tr, tr\o l^,0 ^ -16116 6 1

i6j^r1 ,, o^ oa 1-r6T,0o a.lr 'oOr t. alo.rpro^ r,i. Tlr-rrrarv rdelo 'c^p'.l orlor30 l-

arul Rampo, oncu decloro. ,,Primo cosir modern sldr Bucuresti c fost si ceo dinicrl din tcrcr. Am clodit-o'r!i negustor de vinuri, core ciiise revlsie de crld-'clndr si cdruio orhitecluro noud probcbi i o p ocut.venil o mrne si mi-ct spus car ore un mi ion si un oc,: core mi- pune o dispozifie, dondu-mi totodoto li

:'icleo de o foce ce vreou cu el. So iosd inso o:sdr mod-^rnistd':c

t a -,cls lot,'t-oo re r Dorro^iou ro. iip-oho. lr to'e.ioer'co. odopoeo^ar efol e corocleristice crhilecturit moderne. si ueto orlo: "old, ocoperisul lercrsd, fereslre e lungi si ioose:':de e predominont o]be, renuntoreo lo ornomeni

r.lioteo proiectu ui o otros otent o si o socol. ioncu:l t-60 T 't A v I \1 s-T^t o'to-. T ro at .o\o

: :oto de mlne o fdcut senzolie. Popo, comtsor r si

:.l;lorii ercu convingi c om construil un 'loborolor' si

ercr deplosoi in corlieru oT""'. lor Sergiu Four,- -n ortico inlitu oi ,,Bucuresiii de Avcngordd',

::rul in Reolilatea lltrslrctkt in 1930, re oteozd crifi-: :cerbd provoccl-r de nouc conslrucfte 'in lnlstltul:' er negustoresc. ,,Vecinii nu se dumiresc de ce, in-- geomurilor strdmosesli, (.. ) coso noud cre o fer.'-d, core merge de lo un ccpol lo cr lu c zidu ui,

: vlirind de morgd. Ochiul de pod, de obiceiu pereris, e oici 'in irip u exemp or, cc ntsie cobine: o de uopor or.o lor-c .o qc o ul poreoo a'ro-orit- ^^lro on,-I or'.o': sorccrslic si vo t exogerct, dcr desigur inspirol de

--,-ie publicu ui

,: mdsurd nouloleo concepfiei orlislice, inio sim::i suprimcreo elemenlelor decorotive cu fosl--ricoie si opreciote de colegii de breosd, este

=- de spus. ln oce osi cn, Horio Crecngd, ce ce:eveni cel moi imporlcni orhiiect modernisi din

--1r o, proiecleozd vi o Pelru Grozo de lo Devo.I ,: o oluri, moderniloieo vi ei Fuchs, otdl in dis

ils reclonqulr:r crnd osymmeiricol si houelle, rem ndssome of .lonco s orchileclurc drowings pub ished in

192425. The two dwe Iings represent cr lronsilionoslcge from lrodilioncr io modern orchrlecture. Theplon with en suite rooms, lhe sope roof ond the reloti'ely no ord c vroow(oeeero, .ol -ooi-lrono orchltecture The greol srmp icity of the l:ocode,ihe osymmetry cnd lcck of orncment r-^f ect iheopprocch to modernrsm. To whot extent fhese p op. -^",f| ran doo!^. orf^/ 16r g,W^.1-rEurope is sti cr queslion to onswer Along with mod-ern orchiiecture e ements, o cerlcln personol monneris prevo ng, present n lhe ireoiment of the focodesos obslrcrcl poirting compos tions. .]cnco bui l one ofLero o,fot ^rr5elor o eoll o |s 1l ^por.er:Henri ond Corne io Dcrnie, members ol lhe orlisl circ e of the Contrmporanul This exp oins the liberty hecould toke in designing them. Especioly the buidinghe inhcbited ln the Trinltotii Streei, with ts po yrhromefocodes crnd its slronge shope, musi hove ool edqu te si iling n ihe pecrcefu midd e-clcss neighbour-hood ol Ho c TroionThe next house, designed in I 927, meart.]cnco s

decisive step iowords modernrsm The Fuchs vi lo in

the Negustori Slreel is o roTe cose where deiclls con

{jFffi-fi

- --. p onu ul, ceri si in mbol formo , este lncon,':ri d, vi o Grozc fiind un hrbrid, in core pe crngdi :.ie e predomrncle Beoux-Arts sr Art Deco opor

' : Die Wohnung" orqonizoid de Deutscher Werk--: o Weissenhofsied ung .in Stutlcort, expozilie-:'e lcncu o considercrlo co unu din evenimen

=:'ircipole ce ou determincri reinnoireo crhllecturii:-: desigur -o lnf uenlcl Dupc spusele ui oncu,

: - z iio Weissenhof -o convins de vo]oorecr ooerel: Corbusier, o cdrur p edoorie penlru o esietico

:. - sid, loncu inrtiol o respinsese"'.,- ce urmeozo, p0no in 193 l, lcncu vo conslrul o

- = :e B vle moderne, ce potfi corcclerizote co orhl-

- -': functiono isl construcirvisto, fora o ovec, .insd,

r , r-:o unor mcnifeste. Remorcobile suni coso Cho- 929) st vi ele.luster (1931 ) ;i Wexler (l 931 )

'#

I

I

CCNSACRAREA MCDERN SMUTULDe o incepuiu on or treizecl, Birou de Stud r

Moderne cr frotr or oncu esle oso lol de comenzi,cunoscernd oni de vcrf cu 5-6 proiecte,'in speciol imobl e de oporloffrenle. Presc si colegii de brecrs o

incep so ocorde oieniie crhliecturi lui oncu in icr

nuorie 1931 , Conlirnporanul pub cdt o scrisoore deG.M. Contccuzino cdresold ur Mcrce loncu". Fsre

de fcrpt o profesiune de creClnio, o declorolle ccderorli lo orhilecturo noud c mo tOrrdru ui

Contocuzino, ce se inlorsese cblc de un on de ct

Poris, unde obso vlse [cole des Beoux Arls. Dor n

crcelogi iimp esle primo recunooglere o ul Morceloncu de cdlre un confrole, recunoosiere o rolu ul de,,premergdtor' , o .,pcsiuni , ,,lcnclismu u ce ou fosinecesore penlru o ojunge,,in mors foricrl olmp n reo unel credinle ,,in ormonre cu lendinlo vremur or'. Ccnlccuzlno.il scrie ul cncu: ,.Nu otoi fcplul cd nu le cunosc, co niclodotcr nu om ovul p icereoso-ti string mino, (. ) md pune.in oceo sloresuf eteoscd speclo o si prie n ccr obslroclu ul sl obiectivllclil, cot oceo convingere o rreo co cri fost lntciucore o inlors'in ccecrsld tord, spole e, unei mento ridloboslte s sleri e. n oTOsLr nostru hoolic, de un hcros

bo ccnlc si medrocru, 'de o tlcd osie micd', cum ziceTudor Arghezi, ccrsele dumiio e sdndioose opor coprem se e sdndloose c e unul viilor sdndlos o cdruicrcliviloie viguroosd nu'si pierde timpu in ctltudini decr(]m[of e reffo5pecr v(]

oncu rdspunde scrsorli lu Contocuzino oblc in septembrie. R-rspunsu sdu morcheczo inceputr uneschimbdri de ton'in crlico e e scrise de loncu, in core,pe ongo obisnuilc pror.rovore c principii or orhilecilril moderne, incep so oporo si referiri concrele o

slluclic orhileciuril in Romonlc Anu l93l reprezintc

cern ng lhe orchiteci c ient relciionship ore [nown,including the crller lni uence on the prolect n on interview pubished in lhe ecrry 1930 n Rompo, Joncodeclored. The first modernisl house in Brchoresl wc;so so the first of this [ind in Romcnio bult il for c winemerchonl thot hoppened lo recd ioreign orl mogc-z nes ond seemed lo en joy new orchrtecture. He lo dme he hcd one mil ton lei [Rononion currency, frr:ns

lotor's nolel, ond o buiding ot ond would g ve me

free hond. A he wonted wcs o modernisl house.'r''Storting with the Fuchs vi o, Jcrnco inlroduced o newIind of residenl cl crchileclure ln Romcnic ond look upthe specific formo e emenis of modern orchileclure,such os. lhe rectongulcr silhouetie. lhe terrcce roof, owribbor windows ond ock of otnomenl. The noveiy ofihis design drew the pub ic's ollenlion cnd shockedoltogeiher ln the cr reody menlioned nlerview, .lcrncoreccrl ed thct 'The house built if thot dlstrlcl wos o sen

sclion The priesl, the po icemon, ond ihe people wereconvrnced ihot hcd erecled o oborclory', whlch wosout of plcrce in their neighbourhood't . n on orllc e enli-

ted 'Bucureslii de ovongordo', pub ished tn Realiloleolluslrolit ln 1930, Serg u Four wrole obout ihe fiercecriiicism thot bu ding orose cmong the dwe ers of the

qurel lrodesmon dislrlct: The neighbours con I under-

siond why insteod of the troditionoi windows O lhehouse hos bul one window coverng oll the width of the

foccrde, [e c morgue show window. nsleod of oneoll c r'vindow, usuolly p oced ln the roof, lhere crre threeof them, os if I were lirst c css ccb ns in crn oceon liner,

while the goroge looks i[e o oco brcrnch of the cenlro cremolorium' ''. The crtic e s scrrcosiic ond its loneis de lberolely excggercted, yet inspired from publ c

reocl on.It s hord lo soy lo whol exlenl ihe nove ty of his ortis

l c concepl, the simple ine ond lhe exc uslon of lhedecorolve eLemenis were eilher noliced or voLued byhis fe low crchilecls ln ihe some yeor llorio Crecnqc,who wcrs lo become Romcnio s mosl mporiont mod-ernlst orchliect, designed o vi lo for Petru Grozo n

Devo. Shou d we compore them, the modernity of theFuchs vl o s evident both in the dislributlon p cn cndformcr vocobu ory, whereos lhe Grozo vil o js chybrid design, wilh some modern sl lones emerging in

lhe prevc enl BeouxArl ond Art Deco e emenist"'.The molor Europecrn evenl n 1927 was 'Die Wchnung' exhlblllon orgonized by Deutscher Wer[bund n

Weissenhofsiedlung in Stuttgori. .lcrnco consiciered il

os one of lhe most mrporlonl events jn the process ofcrrchllecture renewo , which undoubted y inf uencedhim grecty, too. The Weissenhof erhibition fu y conv n-

ced him of the vcr ue ol Le Corbus er s workt' On y cr

few yeors eorlierJonco hod stil rejecied the deo of themochine cresthelics.n lhe yecrs io come. until 193 1,.]crnco buit eight modernremorkcbe vl lcs, thol con be described cs conslruclivislfunclionc isl crchileclure, though wilhout being designed osrgurous mcrnifeslos. Noticeobe omong lhem ore the Chopier house ( I 929) cnd the.lrster ond Wexler vil crs ( 1 93 I )

-cmenlul de cotifurd in orhilecturo romdneoscd rnter,:elicc, onul decislv ol odoplcrii modernismului. Se:rre cd rocnoi cceoslo odopto e b l.co si intr-r-n-cd oproope exploziv c modernismului declon-

':czd critrco ocerbo o lui loncu. ,,Docd o9 fi rdspuns: scrisooreo d.o'e pub ico'o oici ocur corevo llri,--spunsul meu or fi pocoiuil", ii scrie oceslo lui Conto-:-zino. ,,lnlre timp ;i in more grcbd .o evoluct orhilec---c lo noi. Toiusi no precedol nici o evolulie, nici o-:.,olto r-o sgucrui terreli le vecri' . lorcu ep,6-

':czd p'oosoeli o' ooep' oi node r's-nlll o { opro,::riru ocest sti co perlrt o nodct,loro so li odorci=.ento lui ieoreticd. ,,Cei core ozi explooleozd mofe--: ul modern, sunl dclori so pdtrundo iniregul [cnt de

=.clutie. Sd cunooscd intreq qondul de [o plostico:irc lo orhilecturd, core o bdus orientoreo noud'in-::te ortele" AlOturi de oceosld criticd principiod,::-esoid acelor orhilec-ti ce ou pre uot limboiul formoi::- nu si confinutul ieorelic ol Mlgcorii Moderne, se. -=e si noto de.fruslrore, omdrdciuneo celui cdruio nu-: recunoscul merilu : ,,Cine o propovoduit neouzit,

::^lru reolizoreo noud estetico? ( ). De ocesl succes: :ubismului',op iccl in orhiieclurd noi, cei core lup-':- de l2 (.c) ori lo,Cor-npo crli' o.'-ebr'sd r e': -?'r8. lr rumd" r IOO ol Contimpotctnului. o or;-,:':oreo o zece oni de opcrifie, ortico u ,,Noi", sem--:- Ce redoclie, respiro oceeogi cliiudine: ,,Hohotul::. :corii de odiniooro s.o tronsformot in oscultore- -:-stierrd si, T p o': .loine .op's'o. No, ostoz,, ce':: :ici nt irlelegen sd rorroren pr zo.ie" r'ronL,,: . ::61 noi pr-. r cop vi' tre.utului rosr, L. lr pol ti.o'=.: utlie se foc pentru instilulii noi, in ortd nu":e. Acest:- :cl pore so fie testomentul revislei, ce igi inceteozd:::-iiio in scurt timp, u timul numdr opdrdnd in icnu.:-= 1932 Coincidenfo sou nu, renunloreo lo stotutul:: curldior de stindord, lo ceeo ce G. M. Conto-:-:':o numeo ,,lonctismul necesor ovongcrde or",::: so se rerec-e n orl-iteclr-ro ui Mc cel lorcl. ir:+-oodc ce urineozd,

.l933-38, biroul frcli or oncu

.:-:.ruiesle o se'e de lmobi e de oporlorer-e oir: r-: o Trcl e porie sLr- 'nvesti' i llcro- ve. nob le de-l: j'- cL buget'es'"or: si oeci s, ibertcte si pos oi i

r:- -eslrdnse pentru orhitect. Comenzi e obundd si se:'--d si in oforo Bucurestiu ui, c Buzdu gi pe Volec: -:-ovei.l:-evo proiecie se remorcd prinlr-un progrom spe-- r ce se re{lectd si in coutoreo unor miilooce de;,:-esie p os- cd cdecvo,e. Soro oril Buc eq dirr'::eol. co_rstrL-il in 1934. e:le de o ro e s rrp ito-e-::sd de funclionolitotec ce primeozo in ocesl coz,':. -'or-d lrtr-o lon c conpoc-d deslosuroio pe orr. :'-clo, cu egisr'e repe-rive de pl r- si gor.-:c lul Bozo li. ( l93Z) proiecrct perr,r o soc e-cie--: :onstructii, este sirglr:r pro ec' cL p ogron de;::'orerte r' bi ou'i 'ec izot de orcu, -r lip oe-:cil ce opore des in Bucurestiu interbelic qi core;-- importonto sc o contriburt lo consocroreo orhi-

=: -ri. noderr's e. Specil c lo-eo proqro.TtJ ui rcce co:::si imobil so fie s sirqlrl pro ecl ^r co'e lo-c-t

THE BREAK.TI]RCUGH AND ESTA3 S-"'_..-:=MCDERNISMS rce eo,ly '930s,

he oro,he-s -3-:- : l: -: ::-Mode'- SIud es rece veo ple.1 :- ::- - : :-:knowirg -opyeo swil- even five o:x c.r 3- : - r --ly oporlment buildinqs. The med;c c-o -^= ,e :...orchitecls begon to poy closer ctrerric. -: ,3-:: :orchitecture. ln lonucrry 1931 , Continpc.c.- c-ilsl^ed o leiler cdoresseo -o Morcel Jorcc cy --_-

yo rrg orch ecl G.M.Co-lccuz no, w.ro roo jus-

returned from Poris, where he qroduoted Ecole desBeor:x Arts. The letter, thct testifies G.M. Conro-cuzino's enlhusiosm for the new orchitecture is the firstpublic, recognition of MorcelJanco's work, voiced byo fellow orchiiect. Contocuzino ocknow edced.lonco's role os o "lorerunner", the "possion" ind'fonoticisr' ne neeoed Io o-oir ir "ro,ced n o cr h s

c.eed ' r lorrory wi-r ll e spri, o[ Il-e oqe". AsCor-'ccL-ziro pu- il: I is nor ror I hove never met vo.ro sLo.en [ord, w.rh yol ( )rrcl cos]s re ir o ipe-c ol mood, so bereficiol fo- ooslroc. or-d obiecliveoop'oocl, ou- ny deepes- oel;ef Ilct yor- were relirs' o -.l'r yo,r bock or '[e sler'.e erl cr_s ed nen-iolily in lhis co-untry n our chooiic iown, ruled by"redioc'e ord Boll,cr ri,e c oo> ord pe-y I'viol-yos the poel Tudor Arghezi pui it, your heolihy houtescore Lp os heol hy pren ises ot o I eol'Ly l-r-lre,

wrer ihe v.gutous octiv y is rol rirde eo 'by ;d e

odmirotion of the nosl"36

Jonco's onswer t! Coniocuzino's leller come onlylorer, ' Sep-embe'. Fis epy nc l.ed o cto^qe o{*ore oiso presen' ;n l-15 61'als5 c ttol ire wherr,o orq w ll- n s unloil re effo'r 'o o.olote the orinc olesof

'rode r o.c^irectl'"e ^e begor -o conrrer or'rl^e

deve opnen s w il^ir corrempotory Roro-ior o.cr''ectL re. The yeor

-93 represe^ ed o rurr'nq poin- in

rhe Romotor irrerwo orch,'ec'ure. tne lno, breo<tl^ olgh of rode n sn, Appo.erty '1e sreoel oroovewhe,r'rg ooop.or oI rooerr'sn liqqereo o-iJor co's

"ho'p . 1-16 5p.. 'Hoo I o"swe ed v6-r' e"er o

te* mor-rs ogo t[er ny onswe' wo ' o hove beer onunpcrdonoble error , .Jonco wrote lo Conlocuzino.'Mecnwhlle, our orchrteclure evolved ct o ereolspeed (.. ) Sti I there wos no evolullon to prepor"e thechonge, no rebellion shoitered the old foundotion"rt.lonco blomed the fresh odepts of modernism for hovingc-oscr tnis sty e oecouse t wos ''loshiorob e", w lro, thoving oss mi oted its iheoreticol conlenl. "Those wholoke odvontoge of the modern moteriol should olsounderstond its evolulion. They should know the overolthinking lhct led to the new direction in every crt, lrompointing io orchileclure." Aport from thls essenlicl criti-cism, o feeiing of frustrotion ond biilerness of the onewl^ose ne'ir wos rol du y recognized by l- s corlenporot'es peruoded rte le ler. Wl-o p'eocreo lLe rewoeslhelics ond no one heord him? (...) s there onv reo-son for us to boasl wlth this kind of Cubism successlu lyoppl ed r orcr,tec u'e we wl o hove beer riqh.ir q lo-12 yeors (sie) c: Conrinporanul?" I lne lObih is re

recurge 1o un llmbol formo monun enrc sin ior ce u

folosit de orhiteciij Horio Creongo sou Duiiiu Morcupenlru c odiri de birouri"'Ccrso ole ier Milito Pdtro;cu ll937l esle g eo singuord in opero ui lcrncu Desi in dlverse imobile proieclole de oncu gi in ccre ccestc o 9i ocuil, in sir. Trinito

lji, Coimotei si Pcleo ogu, ou exrstol spoiii folosile ccr

ote ier de piclurd si birou de orhilecturo, docr cosoMi ilei Poiroscu esle o odevdroio ccsd ote ier de ortist,

progrorn exprimot vizibil ;i 'in exlerior prin urcrgo fe'eo)-o o otele Ll i p ero'o, rolodo.lr l93B f oli lo^ or lt-io' , lr,rr lo p o ^- -

Romonic, un imobi de roport, de gorsoniere, in str.

Nico oe Go escu, o cdrui pc ler^Mcrcel loncu i tezervd penlru o golerie de piciurcr. n oce csi on, oncuinlreprrnde o ccrLdiorle de mol mu ie luni in Po esiinoconsiderdnd dejo posibilitoieo unei viltoore emigrori.U timc expozifie de p cturo o vo orgcnrzo o inloorcere.Circumslonfe e rcrzboiu ui 9i tu burcrile politlce.il determind sd emigreze impreun-r cu fomilicr in Pc estrnc ,'infebrucrle

,194 I Frotele sou, lu lu, .il precedose. ln

Pc esiino, voT inceTccr sd proci ce orhitecluro dorcondll ie, s in specio ipsc de copitol, e suni neprienice Doud vile 'ingo Tel Avlv, intr-un slll modernisimedileroneon, sunl srngurele Jucrdri cunoscute, reo i

zole in onii '40''. Morce loncu lucreozd co crhileclLo Minisleru Muncil si o Construcf ior g contribuie lo

scr vcrecr g prezervoreo mullor centre lstorice. Se

dedico moi oles picturii devenind unul dln rmporionlricrtisti plcrsticl ci sroe u ui si cu obi;nuilcr-i energie inlemeiozd co onio de ortisti de o Eln Hod u iu loncuemigreozd ln Conodo ln 1954, unde vc conllnuo so]ucreze

.in constructll.

TCCUINTA MCDERNAMorce loncu inlroduce un nou tip de orhlteciuro rezidenf io o in Bucuresli, vi o modernd, recrllzctdr peniru oburghezie cu vederi progressle. Vi ele construiie deel sunt odoptole Jc noul mod de viofo o omu ui mo-dern, fiind economic si rolioncr importiie. Suni dotote cuincolzlre cenlro d, si cu ce e mor moderne echipomenlepentru boie 9i bucctdrie, cu un conforl ,,ce nu p -rtegie

nici un iribut bogofie ' , dupd spuse e ui loncu.loncu fo osesie moterio e $i tehnici de conslruciiemoderne, slructuro de beton umpluto cu zidorie decoromldo, tehnico ce permiie dispensorec perefilor'- p o ao Zorao r p o^ bor. Lrp oo ^o/o t rodoo" porl.o. po o io-te olo te de o oo Io -e-T'oucru ce este de o lfe generc vc obi penlru crhrlec-luro romdnecsco inierbelico. Despre pon iber, sepoote vorbi docrr in cozu porteru ui, ce esle aproopeinlotdecunc un more spoliu deschis, cu dlferrle zonefuncliono e de imiiote prn porcrpeti si denive crri o epo do.ele so plr -"ror' ' g-ri,o'rra ( e r^eo oav l

chicrr pereii inlregi de slic o. n rest, oncu foce concesii unui mod de viotd core desi se vreo moderrr,postreozd cnumite convenrente burgheze, cercrndsepororeo funcfii or de odihno, igieno si moi oles oce el de serviciLr.

of Contimporanuf publlshed on ihe lOth c-- -otr the mcgozine, lhe crrlicle Noj {We) - si:-=- -

ihe -^diioricl sicrff dlsploys o simicrr ottitude. " -=doinful guffcw of old hos lurned into unconscioi-s ,: -sonce ond imitoiive plotitude. Todoy we do nol r'r .-be kept coplives by onyone, not even by our own : -,Jn politics lhe revoluions ore sicrrled to esicrblish'=^s','ior. wf i.r r"v-' lopp^'- 'r l[e recr n o[ c"lli o -i. a \or to\ \c-y -tc, l|e o -a\lo"ttrr o

mogozine, which shorty ofterwords cecsed lo cc-=oul, ils ost issue being pub ished in .lonuory 1 9: -Coincideniy or nol, lh!s momenl when .lonco gives -:ihe role of bonner beorer, which lmplied 'the nec:.'sory fcrncrticism of lhe ovonlgorde', crs G M Cc- :cuzrno lobeled il, seems lo be reflecled in lonc:,orchileclure os well Beiween 1933 ond 1938,:'=brothers Jonco office designed c series of oportne-'houses, most of them being lucrcrllve investmer-.nomely, tenemeni houses on ow budgei, which cc-flned the orchitect's freedom ond possibilltie,Flowever, the commlsions poured in, o so from oulsic=Buchcresl, from the Prohovo VoL ey ond Buzou.Notob e ore o few buidings with speciol progromn:which enob ed .]onco lo seorch for cppropricle ce.lhetic meons of expression noi present in his designs ic-resideniiol orchitecture. n lhe cose of the Buce:Scnitorlum in Predeol, bui f ln I 934 the prevci ir -functiono ity of ihe progromme resu ted in lhe compc:-s ob of greol simp icity, unfoLded horizonlo ly, with :repelilive compocl ond void regrsiers.

The Bozcr lin House 1937) designed for c bui dirgcompony, rs lonco s only proiecl contoin ng cpcr=ments ond offlces. Thls porticulor bullding type occr'red frequenly in lhe interwor Buchoresi ond the irr'porlonce of iis impoci conlribuled to the eslob ishmen-of modernism The underying specificity of the proqromme mcrde Jcrnco crppeol to o monumento formoonguoge siml or with ihot emp oyed by Hor oCrecng-r ond Dui iu Morcu for office bui dings".Mi iio Poiroscu's siudio house (1932) is oLso onothersingulor exomp e in Jonco's work He hod previousyincluded sludios in severc of the buiLdings hedes gned ond inhobited, such cs the houses in theTrinitotii, Coimcriei ond Po eologu slreels, but Mi iloPdiroscu s house is ihe only genuine studio'house, cprogromme expressed ln the focode especicr y byihe huge sludlo wrndow.ln 1938 the brothers Jonco buit their ost projeci n

Buchcrest, c lenemeni house of studio f ois in NicoloeGo escu Streel, whose ground f oor Jonco designedcs on crt gol ery spoce. ln the some yeor.lonco trove led to Pc estine where he spent severol months tentotive y thinkrng of hls emigrotion. When he comebock he orgonizeo his ost poinling show ln Romcnlo.ln Februcry 194 l, conslroined by lhe wcr deveop-menl cnd politlco iurmoll in Romonicr, he finc ly modeup h s mind ond emigroted iogether wlth his fomiy toPo esllne. His broiher, .]ules, hod preceded him. 1n

Po esilne ihey mode severo ottempls lo proctise

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:irr'. B! d rg Brcrresl-:a..:

irfchiieclure. yel lhe circumsicnces. especroiy the oc.oi ccpiicr , were odvefse. The ony known desigr.cchleved ln lhe I 94Os ore lwo vll crs bui t ln Medlte--ronecn modernisl sly e, in ihe neighbourhooC of e

Avv' Morcel .lonco workeC for the Mnslry iooo oo o o oro o o ^o o-e e

c-uing cnd preservcrlon of mony hisloriccl iown ce'lres n porcr el, he commliieci himse f lo pcrinling cr:;become one of the moior pcinlers ol sroe . Wl--rnlcmed energy, .]cnco mcncged lo moke on o:drecm come true by estob ishing r;n orlisl colony c,

Ein l.lod .lu es.lonco emigroted to Ccrncrdo n l95zwhere he wenl on vrorking in the consiruction flelci.

TIE /\"4CDERN DWEtt NGMorce .lcnco inlroduced c new kind of modern resdeniic o'chlteclure lr Buchoresi, name y, lhe moder'vi c, bult for the progressive midC e-c crss. His vi c.were odjusted lo lhe new rnodern woy oi ife, en joy nL;

on economic ond rciiono dlsiribution. They were prcvlded w;1h ceniro heciing ond ihe clesl bclhroom crckiichen equipment, benelitlng oi thot [lrd of comfolthct poys no lrlbule lo wec ih', cs Jcnco prl il

.]cnco mode use of modern cofslruclion moleric:cnd lechniques, of ihe concrete slrLlclure lhol o owelfor the e mincllon of lhe inlerior wc ls cnd, consequerily. the opp lcctlon of o free p on. Yel he porlicy took odvonloge of this iechn que, whlch is e!uCr r:

lrre lor the Romon on inlerwor orchiiecls. Jcnco desir-,

ned o lrue free o crn on y for lhe ground floor of thevi lcrs, which s o most c woys o wide open spoce, thevorous functiono orecs be ng seooroled by poropet:ond f oor unevenf ess, os we cs by crge s idingdoors, which somelimes become enirre g oss wo s.

For lhe rest, .lcnco observel .erio n bou 9o6 5 16- oconvenlions lhot demonded the c eor cul divislon o-resting, hygiene. ond espec o y, service funciionsAs c ru e, lhe inler or dlstrlbution of lhe one1crmi y hous-

es rs done on the four eV€ r .e. lhe bosrrnenl compr s

ng the service spcrces, the ground Ioor conlolning iheiv ng room oreo, whi e lhe bothrooms crnd bedroomswere p crced ot the flrst f oor. The lop f oor wos portio yburlt cnd porlio y used os o so crium lerroce.The remorks on the uti izotion of the free p cn ior v -

os, ore olso vclid lor lhe oportmenls Jonco deslqnec.They hcve vc lcb e size, from one ioorrr f cls lo verycrrge ones. occupying one iloor A though the crpcriment bui dlngs, os o ru e, were more econom co ydesigneC thcn the one fcmiiy dwel lngs, even lhe mosimodesl omong ihem do nol comp y wlth tbe minimurrtdweiiing concepl cs il wcs promoied in the writ ngs ofLe Corbusier, W. Gropius, cnd.l P Oud. Jcnco tnros

very much preoccupied with boih ihe probem ofsocicr housirg ond r,vith the socic ro e of lhe orchliecilo creoie cr new rfon os we os o beller ond mor"equllob e sociely. llowever. neilher .]cnco nor cfyolher lnierwcr Romonion crchilect wos ever ob e tcr

pul lhese deos lnto procl ce. slnce the stoie did notfund progrcmmes for crge-scole socioi housinq The

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- :: - r distribulio interioordr o coselor unifomilio e,* -- .. poiru niveluri: subso u confine spofii der- - :crterul esle formct din spofille de zi, etoju, : =-:-vol dormiloore or 9i boii 9i ultlmu nivel esie: : - : -:rstruit 9i porfio terosd-so oriu.

- r .=-.:' e referilocre c oplicoreo p onului liber in::- : cr, sunt vo cbi e gr penlru oporicmente e

., . :- r: de oncu. Mdrimecr oportomentelor pooter - -- l're mu t, de lc mici gorsoniere pcrnd o o

. - : - eloi intreg Degi imobi ele de oportcrmente" '- :eneroL, moi economic concepute decdt: -- = uni-fomiliole, chior si 'in cele moi modeste.:. -- este vorbo de locuinle minimum exisfenz,- - :cnceptu ui ce sto ceniro , o vremeo respec

r : '- :ei e ui Le Corbusier, W Gropius sou .1. P.i : olerc ocli-lelor iolli^e, o de o tfel s

r-l -: .r ui sociol c crhitectu]ui in creorecr omrlLri. , : -nei societoli moi bune si mo drepte,.il pre-. - - :: o'cr-. Dor rici e s r

'c ur ol- or[iter-:- : n perioodo interbelicd nu ou ocozic sd

: - = ::este idei in proctico, din ipscr unor pro; ,-= .:-iiinile finoncicr de cotre stot. Proiectele in

" : :-:u, prin rofronolizore si stondcrdizcre, se; - : = :el mo mu I de ideeo de locuinla ieftind, stnl-: -i - r cee do:o po eo de;c^!1e oe p'oori-- - =-

':-dlui scu din str. lrinitdtii, in 1922 si respeciiv-_

- -; - :--R SIIC STITISTICE: -:'rr de lo proiectele trmpurii irodilionoliste, o

: -:: ccdirl moderniste s-o fdcut lreplcrl, oncu," - --r-ci in primu rdnd o simelrie co metodd com-: : --,-:ld si obic opoi o eemente-co ocoperi;ul in..'-. :ere.lre eo v'"ru . i-olo. lrto. r siretr'e:'-- :Jopid, incepdnd cu imobilu din str. Trinitofli

- -: o meiodo compozrfionc o bczotd pe- .'r'=r unui echilibru 'intre zone conlrostonie cr-r

- - -: croporJie 9i ogezore, ceeo ce reprezrntd unul:- :--:ipiile crhitecturii moderneo'. Sursc estelicii

'=-corone, vc scrle loncu moi iOrziu, se ofld in: *:--: si 'in echillbru moseor scu formelor, ,,co: ,':i 3 vo unlord o uti itorismu ui ce le deseneozd si

, =. : -:ozd funcliuni e 9i dinomico"".' -,-:ozi|c folodeor principoLe, o zond frcgmen-: - :: obicei vertico d,'ingustd, conlrobo onseozd o: , -:nd ordonoldr, p olo, mcsivo, cu pul ne.:.. :er s s.p ote-e ror'oc be cJ uo ocrer pre-

- -r'ri orizonio. ln cozu vi e]or ccecsld schemd-::zitionoo rezultd din plonu porterului, formol

: : - r.e intotdeouna din douo benzl longiludinole:: -

- : -oi ingustd c introrii, conlinuold in odincime cu

- r- re serviclu (bucdiorie, onexe, etc), si poro e d

- =: zond muh moi orgo o spoiii or de zi, respecliv: -- cibioteco, ho 9i sufrogerie. Pe fofodc poste

-: : ceLe doud zone o1e porterului sunl de oseme-

=r:xprimole expliclt, cu u9o-fereoslrdr uriogd c---':::riei cdlre lerosd, uneori formOnd un pereie- =: de stico, si fereslre mici sou zid orb pentru: - r Je serviciu. Co regu o generolo, in conslructio

proiecis where Jonco, by woy of rotionolizciion ondslondordizcrlion, coTne closer to l6e low-pricedwelling ideo were those erecled on the haro ol c.ments opened on his foiher's properly in Trin -c-'

Street, in 1922 and 193/ respectlvely

STYt]ST]C FEATURESThe trsnsition from his ecry lrcdilionol proiec's': '-:firsl modernist bulldings wos occornp rshed c:::,:os Jonco gove up symmetry os o como. j.-:^lne-'oo -i'st oro o e'e riro tro otner e €r.€' : :, -'os the slope rool ond the relotively smol ond ic .. -dows. Storting with the building in the Trinitdtli S::ee-

.lonco reploced the symmelry with o compositioncmethod which oimed ol otlcininq on equi ibriumbetween zones of controsllng sze, proporlion, cndpositlon, in foct, one of the princip es cpplied by mod-ern orchiteclure". The source of the contempororyoeslhelics, os Jcrnco wrole oter, lles in the csymmetryond the equilibrium of mosses or forms, 'os on inten-tionc expression of will of the utilitoricnism thol designs ond mognifies their funclions ond dynomics"".The orgonizotion of the mcin fogcdes is bosed onlwo conlrosling zones. A frogmenled, norrow, olmosloiwcrys verlico oreo counterbolonces on ordery, flot,mosslve one wilh few openings ond lorge b ind surfoces, predominonty horizontol. ln the cose of vil os,this lind o[ compostion resulis from lhe ground floorplon, mostly orgonrzed in two ongitudinol strips thenorrower creo of ihe enironce coniinued wilh servicespoces (l,ilcheni onnexes, etc ), ond porole 1o it, thew de' o'eo ot lhe lu rg roo- \ Ay/lb ory ho or ddining room On the bocf s de fccode, lhe twoground floor oreos ore overty expressed by the hugeFrench window - sometimes oppecring cs o wholeg oss wo I opening onto the terroce, ond by smo I

windows or o b ind wol in the service orec. Stortingfrom ihis genero compositiono method, Jonco seor-ched eoch lime for different so uiions which were firsl

of o I determrned by whether ihe building wos freesordrgo o oc[ed *rhdrown-ron hebL ldi-g ireo rol. A secord tocode Iocor *h.L lro-n wi -ir he

p on, influenced the voriety of focode compositlons,wos the p oce given to ihe slcirccse, in the centre ofthe plcn or odloining one of ihe fogods, cnd o so thewoy the stoircose wos expressed in the foccdes,di e, 'yo\ovou.eor h'orgf [-g"wrdow.The fosodes fol ow ln most ccses this compositionoLpoitern bosed on csymmetry, with on off centre verli-cc elemenl mode up of bow-windows, controstingthe omp e horizonto ines of the bo conies. This for-n.ru c wos often used, ihough certcin voriolrons wereoperoted The opcrrtment bui dings ocoted cl cross-rooos o e he ros ile es- 'rg ores. s,ch os -hose i'the Pictor Luchion Street (li:S) ond Clteni Sireer

,1937) where the corner is rounded ond stressed byover opping p ones s idlng crround the corner. n thecose of ottoched buildings erected on quite ncrrowond deep pcrcels, ihe #eet fogode disp oys three

Vilo Partroscu, folodir spre

strodd, Bucure;ti, 193 I

Pdrlroscu Villo, streel foccdeBucuresti, I 93 I

/l

vi elor si de multe ori gi o imcc e:'l: l:r'-crenie,deschideri e in folode exprirr- z-='e'':' : sir buiiornierioord.-o od"l^ ir ooile o d^ oporlo-er te 'ei e ''omojoritcle, oceeogi schema compoziionolo bozotope o. ne a ^ e'reit verli. ol p'o . ol ^, -e' " i' si

formol de bov ndou i, dln core pornesc linil e orizonto e omple o e bo cooneJor. Aceoslcr formuld este

re]uolo odeseo, cu onumite vorrcfiuni. Ce e mcri intere-

sonte sunt lmobi ele sltucrle lo inlerseclir, precum ceLe

drn slr Piclor Luchlon (1935) si O ieni (1932), o coreco fu esie rezolvol pr n rolun!ire si occentuot de g iso-

eo ee:Te.ol o .ro po^t i, e r^ 5Lpop.r.'o roo6a .r reqr r'is co^r,'e oc 661.ge'alo r

tg rq'e ) od,"c' torooo o '' ooo o. e ozolvorc or'tlroloreo o trei registre verlico e, dlferenllol lrctote, deobicei decolole'in oddncime sl docr roreori slmetrice.

Un singur exemplu de fotodo simelrico esle cunoscut,

lo imobllul Mogo {1937), simelrie de lo core de oltlel porterul se susiroqe

Nu se poole uorbi dL o evoluiie lineoro in crrhilecturo

lul oncu. Exlslo inointorr 9i reven ri, Legote de moduL

de trotore c voLumului, de p o:liciioteo lotode or' de

oo, (o ao lg ..o,1-o poli. ror e o. eor^o de o., t'de

" r'r o i , t o'o pe ror. c,oloro-e 6'[c p sg le

oco J( ro'.tor; o'etoc oo'ce1 -o-o c Peler-e a

ies puternlc in decros, precum vlle e Fuchs 11927)Lombru (1928), iuster {193I ) ei imob lu dln str. Ccl-motei (1 93 1 ), clterneozd cu oLiele cu folcrde plote, cu

o reliefore sublllo, sustinulcr de finiscrreo in lexluri

di ^- e p,o. -1 roro Ctop'er I o?9): z o Wq 'o

( 03l) Di .oro r o-d r, oo, , t6.ll ^as -^pot

contrczrce chior evolulicr onlerloord, co'in ccrzu

oroiecte or penit u strondul Kiseleff ( I 929) sl viLc,l

Chlhoescu ( '1 930), unde oncu odoplo compoz lri

cLcrsice, bozote pe s melrie. ln u tlmeie prolecie de

vi e, construiie In 193637 oncu opteozd penlrLr

occenlueoreo orizonlo iiol i. Linio fronld, zigzogotc ce

-oo -A u"'t1, ol ro'ooe'g v reo d;- or' dolb. "devlne ocum orizontoo. Folodee suni mo pote,sculpturo ltoleo otol de occeniuclo de lo 'incepul

focond loc drn nou, lo vilo Reich (1936) Ei vilo

Hossner \1937) unei subiile reLleforl.

in ror", si in ciudo controzicerllor ce opor temporor,se ooote totusi consloto in orhilecturo lui loncu o

evolulie generolo de lo un volum frogmenlot spre unul

moi com"poct, foro c oiunge lnsc lo o prismo puro, de

ro o pro: ,oroo e,. lo'too 50ao Aalore ..loi

',t lo de o o .o npozit'e bozo o po 11 rl r1o11 'r

conlrosl verticol-orizonlol o o opliune cloro penlru o i

zontolilole.lcrncu nu isi concepe proieclele co nisie monlfeste ole

orhitecluril moderne. Lipso de dogmotism esie evidentc in ibertcleo cu core fo oseste p inc p ile lunciionoist-construcllve. Din ce e c nci conocne ole orhilecturiinoi, formu oie de Le Corbusier, loncu odopto doorceeo ce convine monierei sole pe sono e :i, nu int 'ti^ .-r. cl d, t eeo e .a po- v^5ta . L .o 't 'e e t'

conditiile locole. Loncu nu tsi ino to vllele pe pilotis'

veriicol regislers different y lreoled, usuolly uneven yrecessed, ond o most olwcys osymmeiricol. TheMogo llouse ( I 932) s the single instonce where

.lonco designed c symmetricc fogode, lhough wiih cslrong y osymmetricol ground floor.

Jcrnco s orchriecluro work did not folLow one steodydireclion of development He obondoned cr certoinmonner ony lo return to ii crter. This wos reflecledtime ond ogoin in lhe ireotmenl of the vo ume crnd the

oLosticriv olthe focode. lhe use of colour schemes oilhe . eor'or o r^ooow o^ct iqh o'ie.-' o lotg.while surfoces. The Fuchs, Lombiu .lusier vi os or ihe

Co noto cpo- np' o.,oi^q o ho, rq rle fo, od^:,-olgy (tL PAO Oy prolcr-19 oe'ret O e10w'h o. i d rq wi-^ :c tocooo. wi-h or 7 s gttlv p'otrudlng oreos ond subile use of finishings with vor ous

texlures, os the Chopier ond the Wexler houses.

Sometimes c design conlrodicts even stronger lhe

orevlous development os ii ls the cose of the Kiselefi

!wimmjnq Pool (1929) ond the Chihoescu Villc('1930), tirhere .Jcrnco unexpectedly re.urred io clos

' o o'r pos lio oorod or "-'n^ -y'. tl e, o' '

os, buil between 1936 ond )937, )anco chose ic

emphos ze horrzontolily Thus the bro[en zigzog line

thoi verticollv divided the focodes ln lhe 1920s nov'

b"."t" nolit.nlol. The fogodes cre f otter, whlje

on\ e ooo ' 'ne detrp ,\ p-eo a,ar^'l \ -odo oo-,or-ne5rbt,o-e'ol:o[ r^Re ^V',o('0]61 g.l 1, -Hossner Vlllo (1932)On the whole, ond desprte shortfived conirodlclions

we mov notlce lhoi lonco s orchilecture wcs chorocle'lzed by o qenerol evo utlon from o frogmenied to the

more compoct vo ume, thouqh without oltcrining o PUre

or,\m tlo^t Ie .. r'O , er6 re OAS| pr 65 '6 <1[t ^'!..". -ro- tho s 'rgly o'll ot,ed '^rl' o ro 70-icto Oo.,o 'o'eg^' 1irs \6,.e-o h61i79r1ql ry.

Jor co o;o ro dor'se is p o e 05 -'ror '[o"to^ o

1roo" ^ s rl. -er I' ro. li. ocl. o doqn ot - ^,^L ,.:con be seen in the wcy he f'eely hordled-the corslrucilvls|functiono ist pr ncip es Out of lhe five ru es

o' -\^ r e w o t^, d.- lt^ lo I L'o oo ou le C orou"io

lonco chose those thol suited hls persono Tnonne'

tnd, lost but noi leost, those thotwould meellhe occr-ocr Lrirements cnd condilions. For instonce, .lcnco woulc

noi rlse hls villcrs on pilotis, on extremely rore eLemen-

to be found with the Romonion modernism. The s

houetle of hls vll os is rolher mossive, mcrinly due tcihe compcrct qround floor ond the relotively smcr

ooenincs o o'-'oo,"o lg o 166g6o 5, fo' e l1 o 1 1

Alr *liJ.*t :treiching over the whole width of the

house were moderoteiy used. The solotium lertccewo, o leo po

"o' y ovetAo b^ r9 '' rod ' o c

ro qe loeq o ,v i'' woq o -,lote \ loolA ''o tr Io'no'nroi.-,nan'l e o r'-qr6' tB' [oe.ln"theory, ]crnco subscribed to the princip e demoncaq ' a e i- ro"o of o ^or e1l. to* eue '- p'ocr, 'he" did not keep the dogmo, rendering on oeslheiic

dlmension to some pureTunclioncl elements The bo

conies ond bowwindows were frequenily used cs

:

{i:

I[<

Vilo l-icssner, plon porler.

Brcure:l], 193/Hossner Villo, grornd lloor p cn

BLrcLrresl l93Z

FtLt-rr+-

-. ': teptezentond, 'in genero, un e ement exlremi 'r- in modernismu romOnesc. Siluetc vlleior este' ;- eiizoid priniro onumild mosivilote, determlnoto: : r--eTU p in 9l de deschiderile re otiv mici in com

r : cu suprofoto folode or. Fereostro bcrndo, pe: iimec cosei, esle folosito cu mdsurd. Tercso

- este ce pufin poriio ocoperild si ironsformcld':': oggie, element mu i mor polrivil peniru verile,- : e Bucuresliu ui.

=, -: lcncu susiine principiu renuntdrii c orno-

- - orocllcd, insd, inco co litera dogmei dOnd o. .F tr-6.CO J.to ^a-ar-e p ,,,,tiOrO-.':'ee

'i bo'rool les-r'l loor eooqse6 61611e

- =-ente decorotive, formo or si mcniero in ccre' - = - ncliunecr cu fclodo depogind slricl f uncliono-

.=-.;nd c or penlru obtinereo unor efecle esleti- - 3iL.tro e. Din ocecgi cofeqorre fcce porle

- -: rlei ocoperisu ui p ol prin usooTe sou occen-

= :::cnlrnurldti ce nu sunl necesore din puncl de- = ,rrsiructiv, dor cu menrreo de o echilibro

= -:porturi compoziliono e in folodtt.

' - - - :t o c cdire conslruild de loncu nu se Doole- -l :sie de o simpliiote dusd pcrno o oridilote.. Ce ^et ea I.OIF\OO,ieO^OAla rrp.

'oapor'e.ro- vea\y'/e.,er (03 ls?o) tr \o otdoor^o - 'o' o.1 r i i

- . rgoie .e r-"rpo r 'o od^.e r plo' .' oe-o-. = ::incime, si mici supropuneri si 'inirepdtrun-

=::rurl, prn core se oblin efecle de lumind si

: reprezintd dovodcr preocupdrir de o gosi,l:e de expresie esletico, complementore

. ' iunciioncr sle, millooce derivole din p osti' : ,'d.

- A P CTOR AR! TECT

decorolive feolures, since lhe r :- l:: I -with the focode wos more thon s'-:' . t-' , , ' -oiing insieod sculpturo ond ces'-:: =t=',lhe scme cotegory could be inc L-c:: - - .'-r,the f crtroof line by elther sho otu :- r, :-', , ,- ,coniinr ti-^s.

Simpiicity never lurns inio dryness - , r- - r : -[v^r -te ros sob^.oerq1. o. . :

Vi io11a3 Jo-o'reDo,^\ c,"..'lorn such elements os round corners s:-: :zigzcrgged lnes dividing the foccdes - , -:. =-recessed pones, ond sighty overoppirg..c ..-:.troting p cnes resu ting in ight ond shcdow eireci:They o I prove his concern io flnd new oestl-er crneons, comp emenlory lo functiono isl orchlleciure,ond mostly derived from obstroct poiniing.

PAINTFR AND ARCHITECTAl through .lonco s ccreer vorrous sources of inf u-

ence ccrn be lroced. Storting wilh Kcr Moser s soberc cssicrsm wrth the Secession e emenls cnd pcrssrng,presumob y, to the f uiur sts, ond then De 5rr1l cnd fino"l-ly to Le Corbusier, Jonco bo rowed lhose theoreiicolond proctico e emenis thot he found of rnleresi, whlched him to o sort of ececiicism underiying c speccrpersonol louch.From cmong .lcrnco s coniemporories, lhe ort criticSondu Elicd wrote lhe mosi insightfu remorks on theorigincrlity of .]onco s orchilecture : "None of Morcelonco s houses seem to look o ike, though they hovethe some orchitecturo bosis, thot is, o strrct observonce of the lows I hove mentioned crbove lc ty regJo o' P'y5,4 loar'o ll^ro-e'o ^ hr.o po s-bi lties, the economic demondr] The diverse nierp oyof vo umes, the dor ng rhythm of voids ond compoclwcr is, the c terncriion of verliccrls ond horlzonio s,

o ihough issued from the hophozord d ctoted by thelh-^ requrrements of the inlerlor, they o I owe fhe sym

"elr rco o'do.ynrF Lo eqrio'r oroo |trturol pioylu ness on y to his ortislic sensilivity.Furlhermore, ihe successfu integrotion of the buildingin the cimosphere of the streel cnd ondsccpe is dueto l-i' bo rq or o, o-'rp .1eo co o .

I rs crucio for our understcnding of .lcnco's orcrleclure to be owcre of his belng boih o pointer ond onorchitecl. Flrst of o l, this occounts for his inleresl toopp y poiniing ln orchiiecture The ltnd of libe ty hetook ln the use of functiono isl-conslrucliv si princip esccrn be o so exp oined once hls orchilecture is considered in conneciion with hls poirting cnd especicr -

y wilh the crbstroci re ief: creoted in Zu lch Thelocodes bui t in depth, through cpp ccriion of successive over opping elemenis, for which funciiono lityo one doer not occouni, rem nd Jonco s obstroclreliefs which were mecnt io be inleorcled in lhe orchtecturol wol . Another defining e e,ient in the fogcdecomposition, the Z-shoped, broken lne, con be o so

oc ed r I s oo ly po I g oro g'op oar;g^).C^r e ol y tl e ec -er' dAo or .or.o, ll eo'^l o

corlerei ui Morce loncu se pol detecto,s,br e surse de inf uentc, incepOnd de lo

sobru cu e emente Secession o profe-, Kor Moser, lrecdnd cpoi probobi o)e Stiil si, in fino , lo Le Corbuster. De o

:^cu c preluot oce e e emente teoretice si

,l-e cu interesoi, rezultolu fiind un ecc ec-- -onrd foorle personold.-:mporoni lui Mcrrcel cncu, crrlicu] Scndu::ot comenlcrriu cel moi c orvdzdlor c

- - :irc ildtii orhiiecturli ocesiuio: ,,c,:sele lui

; r-rLr nu seomdnd uno cu c to, degi bozo orF o, treo5: 5' iClO )-p l eta o ^g le pe

: -it r g 5-y lo9 Io 61e c todiro eg o^o-e oulri posblo ^ l^hrr a rpero.

. -:.ric]. .locul voriot ol vo ume or, rilmico-: : c golurilor si suprofete or, oJiernonlo ver: :,-izontolelor, cu loote co nosc din ho

- ---ic t de nevoi e interiorului ou echi lbru

--- :simeiric si festivilolecr orhltectonico dolo-- r 'rmiului lui p oslic. Pe urmd, integroreo

: -osfero strdzei, peisc u ui, .ii

reuseste, cldl- - -.-moi dotorlto ochiu ui sou de colorisl

lmobi u Hoimovici, por elol

curent, Bucurest,1935Hoimov cl Brildlng. upper loorpon, Bucrre5ti, 1935

Pellle crchlleclure,

re elplctot Zurch, l9l9Peille orcFllecl!re.

o: rieil re ei /Llr cr I 9l 9

Duo itcrleo picior orhileci esie esei-old penlru,'eegaFoo-l lo , .iMo o c. [6o'pioin primul rind, lnleresu penlru op icoreo plcturii in crrhitecturd. Llbertoti e pe core Loncu si le perm ie in op i

.g^6 9r,".p'6 t.t-Coc,i oa.lr .,-,5e s, gOsesc de osemenecr, o e^plicoiie.in momenlu in coreorhliecturo oceslulo esle considerolo olotur de piclurc so si, in spectcr , de re iefurile obsirocte reo izolede el lo Zi"rrich. Cunoscdnd reliefurlle obstrocie, pecore loncu e-o vrut de lo bun incepul tntegroie inzidu orhlteciurcr , poli lnielege de unde provine con-sl ulreo in prolunzime o lofode or, oblinutc prin supro-puneri succesrve de e]emente. supropunerr ce nu sunlo necesiioie din puncl de vedere funcf ono . Un olte ement delermlncnl in compozillo folcde or, iniofronto, in formo de Z, se regdsesie si eo in piciuro s

grofico timpurie.n genero, ideeo ce revine in repeloie r0nduri in scrl

eri e leoretice sl onume. ,,moniero s ml ord de reo izorecompozitionolo .in

orhilecluro si 'in piclurcr", formeozoprobobi cheio notei personcr e c crhileciurii lui cncuDin ccesi princlpiu decurge lrolorec fofcdelor duporegu i de compozilie si plcstico obsiroclo, monierd cepoote fi urmdritcr co un fir conlinuu, unificotor, in ciudodiversltoiii so ulii or.lntr un ortico publicot in

.193 l, piclorul M ll Moxy,ce considero de oltfe cd crhilecluro lui oncu,,,nup oneozd c nivelu operer sole piciurole', scrie: ,,E

oproope o conlrcdiclie inire spiritu ce se vreo siolicln orhitecluro si oportu olit de dinomic gi temperone11o o oi i o-''.Oboro-io :reero lopocie f inso ielormulolcr din punctu de vedere olce ui ce siudiozd crrhilecturo ui oncu. E emenieledinomice ce obundd .in compozilio folode or, chiordocd uneorr foorte subti , 9i ccre sunt forcr indoio dr

cporlu p ostrcionului, sunl locmoi menile sdr rupd spiri-lul sloiic o crhiieciuril. C c,:dire de loncu poote fi.o'oc^ 1o-o ro d"gobo o o po li o,po'ocrd^or oLr vorrpLr . orooebra69^:sc

r\I RiCAp_ S AD_A AD lLATALo multe clodiri, in specio lo vi e, loncu se ocupd si

de proiecioreo in ce e moi micr omdnunle o interioru-lui, cstfel inc0i sc formeze un loi unilor. Doieczd inte-rioore e cu mobi er li,, precum du opuri, conope e,borurisi eloiere penlr u ccrii, cu dmpi s seminee, si edecoreozo cu scheme de culoore, vitrouri sl covoorelesuie dupd desene e so e.Tot crlticului Sondu E iod i se doloreczd rezumoreounor ospecle mojore o unui inlerior proieclot deloncu: , B ne compus rollonol imporftt, cu juslo uti-lizcrre c spoliu u , cu o sobrd 9i pllno de fontezie,tolusl, decoroiie co orlslicd. Ccsc focuto peniru con-[o ' ocoor I o^r l gier o o. 'o-pleoveo.- r.

Ur 'r e o' c.,t de Mo' .e lor t , ore cevct cl n

slricleleo si o ]ocul sdu ol unei uzine, sdrbdiorescusi veseiio unui decor leolroL. lmbinoreo oceslor doucrconlrozicdtoore si inlreqltoore infdtisori, e dcrtoritoorhilecluro so 9i vo ooreo ei si tol ocestei duolitoli

wriiings, thol is, 'o srmi cr monneT lo ochieve the orc'ieclurcl ond poinling composition" mighl be cons:-eed,l eL"y o lApe\o'lo'oeo l'ocr'iech' p'-.,pFge^erota\IeIeo-Ter ro' tr efo.oc-

occordinq to compositiono rules of obsirocl orl c :.q" [e 6, ^do. o.t^.Fyr g . o^r^Jor. t^erert,o :

. wo l. do.p o l^o oi.ersi y o ol i'ior '.n of ortic e publlshed in 193 1, the pointer M -

Moxy, who thought thol Jonco s orchitecture 'dlcl - -recrch the eve of his pointing', wrole thot "ll is cr rr:.o controdiciion belween the spirit thot tends to be .'-li- ' o ti-ec. e ord [o drror, luey ""1.-erl ol I po r '9 . Wle r's ^-o,l i. rrc: .e f - or b^ 'eol ,o'eo I o-1 t1e poi^l ol . -rsomeone who studres -lonco s orchileclure. The .-mercbe, olthough sometimes very subtLe, dync^e emenls which oppeor in the fogode composi- -cnd crre undoubted y ihe pointer's contribution : -meont lo breok the stolic sprrii of orchiteclure A b- ,ing designed by.lonco cou d be rciher descrrbec ,on exompe of spotio mode ing lhcrn o pure vo -- -with well deflned focodes.

NTERIORS AND APPLIED ART-o '"roT, b' d rg, e)oe. o y lo uiro .o1co . . -

d^.q, -l ^ i^le io, .o o ll " 1o esl oe o 5. ^o.view the bui ding os o whole. He c so designed :,in furniiure, such cs cupboords, sofos, bcrs, boc. -:.A\ oao\ or d ti e plo' os do.o o 'g ^^ wo . '

,oo r- , I ore, .-o red q o.s o o Lo pe ,\o.-his own pcllerns.t wos ogcin, the some crilic, Sondu Eliod, ..-.. nred .o or a ^ ojo, eo'u c- o lor .o s '-de'' .b.9'L err o, 'w^lcor66r^l '6 6161 , -

iioned, fol owing o iudicious use of spoce, disp c. -

o sober, yet ful fledged fontosy in the colour de:-tion. The house is buit lo offer comforl lo its or'.--ond it suils the hygienic ond sound spirit of the :--Ar 1o' 9' deri.^d b, Mo-<ol or . o o5 .o, r

ot l^ ro,e,) oro ave) -^i^q;r lr po e' c-pL e-e ot o foc-o'y o o e jo7l. loro a5-.e -ll eo ^ tr e,y. lher^rgrgof t'..^lwotor"r.lo r ye .o-ole. erlo , o>p^'t: Io"r te .oL-..o o') o.. l iF- o of Li vol ,e oro o,q tc -.

.^ , oloL d^ o.o or o. L is6 . 6 o6l rl'^r l-oro o co ^oJd opp7 o' ro wol s ^:oQ'io glon el or f,i. r o' /ar -ioT ( r ll - -

spoce ond, whot is more, the mosl orig no fect--=inierwor Romonion orchiieciure. Srgnificontly, ,,- =o.r.o wo.[ eo , Rororo |^ rr-oi i.qIi -

obslrocl pointing n orchiiecture, even when he -:given up obslroclionism in his eosel pointincs - -ideo of lhe complementority of pointing ond oic- -.ture hod been .lonco s concern since hls hrict :-od wl ^rl^p, oowr-opope',o1 osl e.res -

e.oa, -o1'I eli , ^ra-,oterlop-li. lop: :

-l erLo de 9r ^d 1e Itr o orch e lr re -Corttinporanul ediiorio offlce. The proiect cc-

=opproximcley doted 192325, ond it hos bee. --

- : ^s doloreczd sl oriqinolilotec .i,. Decorolicr

- r cso cum numesle Eliod schemele oiciuro e: ,^ op', o oa pe -- a., aata p.ooob.,

^ IO 'tOOto't' O 1,a,.ar .'O, ,qo;.^ o; og, ol ;.oa^to.o.ro,tro

., r-: icd. Semniflcotiv esle fcplu cd oncu, in

'' lir RomOnio, conlinud sd irleoreze conooo\'o tO, o'li^ - c,,"'rp

^ o]-' ^ o o'o e oacr oa ob,rro'o:--t compemeniorilcrlii piclurii obsirccle cu

: :j c preocupcl pe loncu incd de o Zririch:, sese deio pe hortie, sub formo de schite

- --r oord ocecsld idee se molerio tzeczd- :.1 de orhilecturd interioordr, execulcl de-- : _redociio revistei Conlimporctnul. ?ro- -,': ii doiot oproximativ 1923 25 si este: a,^

"d , . O'o .o ,O oq o, oa FOo o.

tro p6^. 'o.oi,.o opp r; o^- oo a ord orpoz r; obq o

- - ,--. Pe suprcfete rectongulcre, de cu oore,. a e oop'troi ir,

^, , p^oito'o o .a 6r ! l^.-€,

- ie .oniinuou neinlrerupl pesle co luri epa c;.or de,o, ^ oe o,. i

:r' oLi'-.ro ooo,o.td oooo- piciurol ostfei creol.

r: compozitie folosltcr de loncu cminlesle.-c o r, Do \ii n pe.6 6,cr,

r:.. s Th v. Doesburg. Deslrucluroreo for'=:i!rcr e, creoreo uneislrucluri spctlcle pic

: -: : sd conlrcbolonseze struclurcr soolir: d; : ero ideolu de op iccre o culorii in crhi' o, o,i d,' o p O" S t. -, -6 la6sa' .r ,oa. Doo- o ,i[ ..r11-r€ " r g/3 , o^ o'z, ,ao o,n,,e

r - ei'cr dizolvoto de slruciuri ce se conlinucndependent de crhitecturo. pe de olra

: -o o , i^ o . i.e -r,o oo.oo e oe- ,c'a o.r,-"r' . B,,,o ro,r: epocd cr e vr elor Fuchs (1922) si Juster

: O \a rOdO 'p,Ore,e O OqOr Oe deo o.\- P-,,oo, o^ ior^ ro

- ::lrpoziiii simtlore celor de c redoclio- : r.ri desi moi puiin speclccu ocrse. n

- t - ,",esle poleto fo osild, informctii e sunt, 1 he, c'o o, o. .F o, 6i por,, :r

. Doo, .a/, . ai poi I r OJOJ o- -: iui compoziiio po rcromd o inlerrorului, in

-ob.^',. o . ol imoor.. O Or a. e Ot- Op

.,O. O. aO . f OO. at^

' . ',^,d- r^ po ' go oF, oo p^,": 6J^g ^^6 .oO-,^OOi6.,, -o.

- ,,: oiele de nuonle vlo el rece i; ;;;";;- :rr si violel co d in ccrmero verde fls|c..l O'a O Oer^,A tr p,O tO, pa O a)^. ]oor^.o-r aoapo

,: eru ur. Astfel mobi cr nu mci ero oer-' I co un obiecl funcliono ci formo si un ele

, allv si eslelic in cnsomblu comere or.

I ro,,r, o,.a ro or a o^ oo . :

o'd,no" /^/ar. oo',represenirng osymmelrico c3: _: _ -e or o 'e o.^ oop-o. a o o o ,/^ /Vaa, po6 e,'a. -

loro'. lena ro'ro.e o-'l o.oo^ o o-o'la o' I .- . o. oe,o I o j

ao o eo 'o o )po ^ -o-c .

'ho orpo or -eIoo o. I

Still group erperimenls, especic v ii.:- .. -t .o.o,d-,...Do^oLo l.c-. oo L' ^ -. o o ^J o- o p r. . o .

_slruclures ob]e to counierbo crnco lho ,pol c ar ,Fileclurcrl struclure wcs the id-ec mcrnner to opplycolour lo orchileclure for De Sli1l pornters. The,u-o,.olso similorities with Fl Liss slzl y s pl,o"n Room shovvldin Berlin in 1923, where ihe dtuirion berween rhe drfro o' i no' ^,o di 1 aq o-ao or -oo o . ,l e_rlo'' rl ool o.r^ oape.o6a,,.olo..^._lure itse f. Cn the other hcrnd lhe wcy.lonco orrpliedco our to orch teciure cou d hove been" nfluenced LyB' o'O, o.Q^s o. -1oo,'odp\oog'opn o,,or, . r,a I,Q2 ,or,orr,, -, \ 'c I Ql I ro* o,o. 60 ^ lo1qa. oOO eOOOOr. ;O.e OO.OO,O \,-.trO, OiO^'6-,^d o' he f o- -aa-o^. ^o.,o,io, o . e . o, qrie Oo,O ,O,.A Or _r 1apOA,_ .a,a )b,.

scorce informction ovcri oble The co our schemeshove vonished wirh time. Cnly rn the Retch Vilic(1936) the rnierior poly hromy could be ecofsiruct_ed ln the chi dren s room both the wcr ls ond the fur_nilure poyed of imporloni role':. The wols werepcr nled in lwo colour:. Firsl, on overcl bockground

'4ionc srr b orc e 1--r I p ;ir:35

Zrrlcf. f l9llrB crc srrr b orc p r.:te' : -..litci t19 t7'

ti

I

r{l

a.. !'

'r'*'F'

{it

ln cdruioreo unei expresir esieiice c:-c:-e--:re lnieriorului functioncr si, oncu nu se i- -e:zc cioor cr

op icoreo de scheme de cu oore, ci iriegreczd inperelele orhileciuro si bcsorelieiuri creole de scu p-torilo Milto Poiroscu gl vilrouri e proieclole de e'.Prime e desene pentru vilrourl dcrleczo de lo Zurich,fiind compuse inir un sti obstroct expres onLsl. In

Romdnio, oncu expune cdtevc desene pentru vitrouriin 1926 in ccdru unei expozfii de picturd gi, in oce-o or p bro r or - o^poz a.rif 1'o r^

revisio Conlimparctnul. ln mu le cose, viirouri -^ ousuproviefuit, iumindnd hoiuri, scorl 9i degclcmente,decorond u9i e glisonle o e spcl i or de primire soutipice e fereslre hub ou.Cc in lot ce fcce, si in proieclorec vltrouri o[, oncu

experimenteozo cu dlferite lehnici, melode compoziliono e si sliluri creond vrtrouri co orole sou o be, in slil

obstrocl, cubrsl scu f gurotiv-noiurolist. in vi cr Chihoes-cu, un urros v trou co orot domincr holu si coso scor L

Compozilio esle diciolo de tromc de metcrl crlcdrtultodin dreptunghruri orizoniole si verlicole Cchiurl e desllclo, une e inlens colorole in o boslru sou brun, o 1e e

dlsc ete gri sou bej, ou iexluri si grosimi diferile, cOtevc llind g ovoie cu lronlurl de reprezent-rri figurotivesou geometrice, ostfe inccri efeclu genercl estecce o de collctge Fereostro ho ului din vllo lulo esieun cso zis vilrou o b, in core prinir-o tehnico specioloo fosl grorrotd o compozifie cubistd, cu o temd muzicolo, clor insp rotri din picturile conlemporone cle ui

oncu. !o ul de introre 'in onsomblul de oportomentedin str. Ste eo Spoloru c cvui, de osemeneoi un imensvitrou o b cu o temo morind, disporutintre iimp. in vilo

whlch hod ihe some co our with ihe furniture, -:*yelow for one room cnd pistochio green j:-olher Cn this bockground ond more prec se,., -

where pieces of furniture were set cAcinsl lhe .'

were opplied polches of co d ond respeclve y ,

nuonces of vlo ei, which s ighi y exceeded thetours of the furnriure. So, furnilure itse f wos no :exclus vely perceived os funcliono oblecbecome, iust rke the wols, on e emenl thol de: -

lhe spcrce.In secrch for on oesthelic express on lhol shou : :,-comp emenlcry to the funcliono isl inlerior, .lonccnot confine io co our schemes on y, he c so nte:^d Mi to Dol o ,'. bor^ o ofr 61 dli. ow' oc. .

w ndows inlo the wol '0. The flrst s[eiches for sic --glcrss, devised os obslrocl expressionislic con":tions, doted from his Zurich period. ln Romonio, Jc-exhibited severo drcrwings for sioined g oss winc:in o poiniino exhibition opened in 1926, ond :n o po nl ng exn oLlon opened I vlo, ono : -

lshed o cubisl composition in lhe Continpo':mogczine in the some yeor. n mony of lhe house: --designed lhe stoined g oss windows siil siond, :-ing the hcl woys ond slcirccses or decorclinc -.sliding doors of receplon rooms ond lhe tyc ,:rornd windowsln designing sloined g oss, just ike with onything - -ever did, .lonco exp ored vorious lechniques, cori:sltion melhods ond sty es cnd creoted white :coloured leoded windows ln the obstrocl, cubisf igurolive-ncrlurcr islic sty es. For inslonce, in -- -Chihoescu Vil o, o huge slo ned g oss window cc-notes lhe hc I ond the sloircose The composiiion ,.. -pollerned on the metc gri I mcde of horzonio :-verliccr reclong es. Some of lhe pcnes cre intens=co oured in b ue ond brown, whlle oihers, more :cretely hued, ore beige crnd grcy. They o hove :'ferent lexlure ond thickness, ond some hcve i'::ments of figurotive or geometricol representolions =lgrcved on lhem, conveying on overol colloge efle -'The ho I window of the ulc Vi lc is o so co led w. -eoded wlndow, where, through o specic iechniq,=eooeo w ncrow, wnere/ rnrougn o spec o recnn q,:o cubisl composilion on o musico lheme wos enc':ved, obvious y inspired by one of .lcnco's poinlrngs -lnlerlor d n redoclio

Conti n po ro n tl u i, I 923-l 924lnlerlor of Contimporanul

editorlc olf ce, )923 1924

thot time The ho of the crporlmenl buidinq in Ste =,Spdtcru Street hod o so o whiie huge eoded v, -

dow on o mcrine theme, whlch is no lonqer exrslir-:n lhe Juster Vi lo some smo I white glcss windows c'=decoroled with geomelriccrl motifs reco ing i'=oecoroTeo wrrn 9eomelr cor mor rs reco ng r':obsirocl reliefs from hls Zurich period, especioly ti=fomous blonc sur blanc relief. n this house cnd in il-:GoLd burlding os we , lhe houblol windows cre de:oroted with styised representciions of ondsccpe.ond crrchiteciurol lmoges.An inlerior devised by Morce .lcnco, where ti:wo s were covered with co our schemes, i.he doo'.cnd windows weTe lrue works of cubrst or obslro-orl, lhe bookcoses were designed cs ln built re iei.whl e the co umns, becms ond door fromes beccn-sources of light, must hcrve hod indeed ihct ioy:-

- - ,,e geometrice, obstrcrcie, ce omintesc reliefuri e--.-'ccle de o Zurich si, moi oles, foimosu ,,blonc. : cnc". ln oceeosi ccsd, ccr de o tfei ;r in imobiiul

: fo'eslre^l,bo sr n'oeeooe., c-clo i;\roro

. .^' ord oe soia -i '^rogi^ orl c. r ,o ^ ) ,

a o'.eo de Mo'e. o., ''r.o^ pore-- : - :coperili de scheme de culoore, usile si lere

= ercu odevorole opere de orlo, cubisld sou:-O ^io^F6 aoJ (o.epia O oot)t'

., ol- " ,,d i .oloor- e, 17 s 1,oq;. -r:'omenle de usi erou lronsformole n su,se d"e

-. -: rn ostfel de inlerior lrebuie so f i ovut lntr-ode-- rycdiorescu unui decor teolro', de core vor-- ::ndu Eliod. Existc, de o tfel, similirudini ev----'= ^nlre interioore e proieclcie de loncu si

- ,'-'' e cubisie creole de orhiieclu frcncez. / o'^l S-ev^' s 'r or ' 20 p^a-- J rr eie ' ,

I -re'b'e'. Doco rrrr o ,o o lo. oi e.-o. ':-: .ln semn de intrebcre, co mu le o lele eqote

' . : .i ol, .1 Co 'e, ^ LO o e O, ^.^.^- "po,

'= deco o've gplirgl^ 'l ot1a t o . -to;: r-:eosi dezrnvo turo fotd de dogmo, ii crpropie: ,,-j- doi orhitecli

. -'::-uro romdneoscd inlerbelicd, Morcel lcncu. ,- Ceschizolor de drumur, o ovuf indrdzneclo

--r-ce suflul innoirii inlr un mediu predominonl- ' - t isi, dor o fdcul-o mdsurot si sensibil lo condi-

- .: Cesclfreze st ul epocii scle si so-i gdseoscd. - :: e personolo, credincios crezu ui sou de con-: - : I orhiieciurii co sintezd o orie or.

, r - :osl dogmctic, loncu o reustt sdr fie ,,outorul-, --odeTnlsmu ui !!.in orhiieclurc romdnecrscd

, , ^poronul r. 00 'g? I 1oc . .-oe.JOa a\t ret iOt Cro OleCtivr 16o el6, 6'.

- ' : Ce desen si piciuro luote cu losif ser (1881: -

- -orco moniero lui loncu, in specro obilitotec- .-t - in cOlevc linii corocleru unei forme si de o

- edo oo sorol loleo , -o -iql i.' '' : le obro\ .a ro -o OIQ o o- ro.i

= ' --.i muss und wi l wieder zum Leben zurLlck-. -' -- Dos Neue leben Ersle Ausstellung, cal'-o..Z ch t2. :.2. 9tQ _o / -

::.ore.rud leIorio'or , .,olj' C- p,ovr. Forr y Mo eet Jo^,o Dooc: . ,/e.,.qe

er periertc, n6tgett611i ,6 ,o, (on. ir-.:-Lond, Fronkfurt om Moin, Berin; Bern;-. roris, Wien, I 993, p 51 69- , l':rislous von, Mctcmillon Encyclopedio o{- -: p 242 244, : - ccuorele s o pdslroi .in

origincrl ln orhivo- r-:o, Te Aviv, c douo door'in fotogrofle.

ond tesltve o r ol o lheolre :a:-: t:o''.Acuo, ^a'eoe -' a o'\ o-.o d^.g^^o C -credby'hate.. l-ro -e -.,-tor Mo,sl'l^.[c1 -.

.

loncowosdirectyinf uencec.. .. -o 9 F lol'hot s a'to c :'

-or y o-he-: ^.o ad'o ro co ... :

tno c,' hi-e r we'a ee o - --- ': j.O \a O . ord -^'lt- o..r^. e -

;

dogmo

Within the Romonion inlerwor crchilecrure McrceJonco wcrs o pothfrnder, who hcd lhe couroqe ;obtq ^FWor IopodoLro /-roo: o.o;.mi ieu, yel he dld it modercie y toling into occounlthe ocol condLtions.lonco wos ob e io sense ihe style of his own coe cndfind o persono tone to it, foiihful y fo lowinq his"creed.o,.Ir^ .ec leq'o-oro' o...Wt tl oL .b^, g dogno--L -a ^ro roged ro ea l^p 'n 6-61or'ho o' n 916'.. rn ;r -he Ror 01 o' ot( 1-e.r .te.

NOTESL ,,Noi (We), in Contimporanul no lOO, 193 l,p.1; the monifesto ike ediiorio signed by the editoriolleom.2. Jcnco fol owed drowing ond pointinc closses withosif lser (l8Bl l95B) from whom he" eorned rheobillty to define in c few lines lhe chorocler of cr forrlos wel os lo cotch ond oulline the persono iiy of ohumon figure.3. Groduotion certrficcte, Morch I 9l 9 in lhe.loncofomily popers, Tel Aviv.4 'Die Kunst muss und wil wieder zum Leben zuruck-kehren, in Dos Neue Leben; Erste Ausstellunq, enhtbition ccfo ogue, Kunsfhous Zurich, l2l 5 2 ldlq p I5 The jnformotion on lhe broihers lonco studies conbe found in Seiwert, llarry, Morcel Janco, Dadoist-Zeilgenosse wohltemperlerter morgenlandischerKonstructivist, Peler Lcnd, Frcnkfurt om Moin; Ber rn;Bem; New York, Ports, Wien, I 993, p 5l 696. Sionislous von Moos, Macnilk:n Encyclopedict ofArchifecture, p 242 44.( One ol the oquo e les is preserved in lhe .loncolom Jy popers while the other is known from o photogroph.B See H. Seiwert, l993, p 523 5419. Jonco senl these drowings to M. Seuphor fromB.lcto ^ - i. oorly 920, Se rpnor rarars'o tl-er os:'i 'e or. 1' e.rt o loro,,o' o or .TA,pe, ^o r o'^which, by th-^ir light tone, proved thot this lunc|onoo dio 'o o/ or y TAo.rs o.ci de -r o posr.b.'.e" oI 'ro-r'. So-. Micre Se rpl or 'Morce orro i.Arlisls of aur Tlme, vol X V, Bodensee Verlog,Amriswil 1963 p 17.I O Cn groduoiing the orchitecture studies both brothers obloined ihe tii e of 'lngenieur' (englneer), ond

Vltrcu, 1926Sloif ed g os:

!l

B. Vezi H. Seiwert, 1993 p :2: a!9. Desene e sunl trimise ce i..i. o-cu luj M.Seuphor, de o Bucuresli, lc irceoriu onilor 20.Seuphor se referdr o e e cc lo. lii e orchitecluroilo 'o. i^' or or ,'ta.pac'eo ro-r .rl .. o, -r e -

'9[ to.^ oovod l-or lrs | 'o^o o'ooio oyony meons exc ude the possibilities of humour'iVezi Seuphor Michoel, Marcel lonco, in Artisls ofour Time, vol XlV, Bodensee Ver oq, Amriswil1963 p )7lO Amondoi frotil cbsovd studii e de orhiiecturooblinond ln l9l9 titiul de ,,lngenieur', nu insdr ce deDrp om ngenieur ', deoorece proieclele or de

dip omo prezenlole n iu ie l9l9 nu obiin noto de trecere. Vezi Horry Seiwert )993 g 52I I Se slie door cd L f zaro si M. loncu fuseserochemofi de Piccb o o Por s si co poetul Pou Dermee,6(e ^ . .o . J .Ap>crpor-cpclooe'poz o.Ar rTO oteoqor oode )ea'ro" d o, aGooriodes Beoux-Arfs, in mortie I 920.12. Miche Sonoull el, Dadcs a Pc:ris,.leonJoquesPcuveri edileur, 1965, p 455, 506l3 Ncrumcnn, ,,Frcrncis", Jonco/Dcrdo: crn inierviewwiih Morcel lonco ', in Arfs mc:gc:zine 1982, p. BO B6

I.D^^11 .ot-Cd,Oeoa a(O^\li , eOO,^ e pa.r.ocde vezi H Seiwert, 1993, p 1637015. Revislo Contimporanu/ opore o Bucuregti inlre1922-1932 fiind finonloto de oncu. Edirorii suntpoetul lon Vineo si Morcel oncu.16 JG Costin, ,,Reporter' in Conlimporonul nr.47 /22 noe )Q34 p 7l/ Sondu F tod, , Me5terul Mcrce lcncu', in Foclonr 363/ 23 unie 1930, p 3'B I Se,we to93 p 3o3oal9 n publicotii, sunt mentionoti omondoi frolii .in

co-zu urmdioore or proiecle. schito de vi c o ioro pen

M Sorb ( 9?o) povls L 5 loo{1026) uioWe^ e (1Q29), :cnotoriul Bucegi .1934), vilo Reich(1936). Pdcuiele de pe imobiiee God (193a) ;Hoimovicr (1937) ii mentioneozd pe cmbii orhitecli

.in

formulc orotclo in text. Proiecte pub icote c ccre esiementionoi co ouior door Morcel ioncu. interiooreredcctio Contrmporcnu) 11925), imobilul Trinitcfii\1926) Coso Donie (1926J, coso Lombru (l9ZB)coso Choprer llSZol coso Chihoescu (1930), imob ,tr. Coiro - ( 91 ) Cor'o n -eo'or,o. LrJ rr.luliu loncu, sirondul Kise eff esle opercr tctolui sou(S.ri oore 25 rroi loo5J20. Cerereo de outorizolie Ce conslructie esteino nlolcr pe nume e orh. L Rosenthol. Conformegii, tiiiul de,,inginer fAro diploma oblinut ioZrjrich, nu dodec frolilor oncu dreptu de o infocmi plonuri De oceecr ou recurs lo un sublerfuqiu,inciniond cererile de oulor zotie de constr uclie per -^ "le o L i orli'^ Acoo.-o no.odo -L oo e sofi fost o exceplie 1c vremeo respeclivcr, filnd cunoscuio sub denumireo de o ,,semno plonuri de comp ezenid'. Mcrcel oncu isi vc semno oficicl p,o-iecle e obio incepdnd cu decembr e I 934 ccnd,

noi thot of Diplom ingenieur (Diplomc Engine:9o,o.to'l ^rlq6, poio...pratr1 eoi iiglo lod o qe il e o..^D-eo o ooa tre o ry Soir:1993 p 52I \or a c \LTp'o'rr co be .rod^. Wo lro* '

P.obio o'l oo tata or o M. Jor .o lo / or ,

Do.s ord -to ll ^ oo- DorlDo,reo teq ,e lad o.or d A' p lo oo . po-e ,-ro or a.l-,bi o' orqor ..b7 Le g or-p Se- or d o, a Go or e do. Beor .

in Mcrch i92OI 2. Sonouil el, M , Dodo d Poris Jeon.Jcrques Por,.:editeur, 1965, p 455, 50613. Froncis Noumonn, '.]onco/Dcdc: on intervwiih Mcrce lonco , in Arts magozine, 1982, p BC11. A' Olt^r p. o ro. o1s11 .r -;-1. ptr OO \ pte .^

' t. S" *e -QQ3 p ot-/a.)5. Cont'irnporc:nul maaclzne ccrme out ln Buchc-=beiween 1922 ond 1932, berng finonced byJc-_l ediol wF a rp po^t lo V reo o o Mor o Jc'lo , C. L o.t, D^po,lor 'r Co" .lpo,o^.a \o' 22r loj/ plZ Sondu E tod, 'Megteru Morce loncu' (Mc- -

-lonco, ihe Croftsmon), in Fcscla no. 363/ lune 2:1930,p31 8. H Seiweri, 1993, p 393 94.19. t o' i^r oo'o / p ,o Co, 01 . T trr oTAo :

broho oso,,l o- '1e.oeol ll elolow c:iecis: lhe sketch for M Sorbul's cottcge (1i -Suchord Poviion llS26) ihe Wexer Vilo (19_-the Bucegi Soniiorium llS34), the Reich Vil o (19: -C' rl " pcr A. o o Co,o ( oj4l o^o .rA -o(t93 )b.loi q,oo o ';o.r:weei'. o-o,vo. n er - orod i. 'L o -e. Duo ,sl od oroie.rso i g Mor .^ o.(o o o^e 'l-^ .- ol ot oo q

I s (6'';npo,o.Jt ^aror ol orl,^ { o25) -r" i -.bullding (1926), the Doniel buiding ll926t .o-b b o.rq{o28) -l eClopo 6i, 16rq11- :

l-a ct Ioo ,- b- o.9 (lojol l^ bioCoimcrtei Street (193 I ) Accordinq io Ju es lc

j_

o'r - o Vi.e,ctf Swir , .g Poo ,vo. ^,t eIo l-o " ,ro.l {,^ e Mo7 2; l- Oo5l20 Tl-e b' r o 'o oe'r oppt oiior s qr^6rl e ror - o o cL L Ro,^-.^o 'r ,o^lo i,,v ,.

o^. na - lto e-e Ae tu 10 o cl p oro ti j.brothersJoncoobloinedinZurich'didnotgrc..' ql -o d o* ,-p plon.. A .o oirq r rrer elor-o'dr,go .\eo o'loiTe o ic. l.''o." o. ..their oppliccrtions. ll seems lhol it wcrs rouline c- -

'1e.[1o*"o 'o grpc]-\o. o co-npo - :Mo,col Jor o o -o 'o q1 Ii. owr o _

)e ^1[^ I Q31 wl o, ^^ f^ \o.o,o I .

Archiiects wos esioblished ond he wos enlerec ,- -the hecding of ' recognized crchitecls'. Ju es ,:wcs nol menlioned in these records.2 C, or.'q oo, - io Brclo a:i Mo. e lo o' qh'o org '"ous 6 ooo. or -gli,l o.o -orrh^-iFo-"tor gwiIM.o.l .Iono :

Do, ^ tql s le Jor', Be- ir goa Q- ; 1^ -

ered lhem imporicni enough lo ioke lhem w--

I

, .- rtdrii Corpului Arhitectilor, esle'inscris. :rhiteclllor recunoscuti'. lullu loncu nu- -r

-- :egistre e oficicle a" ort^'il".ti - .-"

r -: oncu oduce cu sine lo Bucuresti mcri- r-- lespre crhiiecturc englezd si qermond,

- - - : curosculo Das englische Hous, Berlln- -- ' o lul Muthesius, corii pe core e-o con

- . -::-, de importonle penlru o e luo cu sine si

. r : =: in Po esiino. Vezi Seiwert, I 993, p

- ,- '- :nii ce uTmeozd informctiile teorelice si

- - i rospdndite, in specio de revisle de- - r--' r

.l923 ore loc expozifio ,,De Siii ' lcr:25 expozilio de ,,Arte Decorotive', in

. _ ' r We s.or 1ot 06 lo Stu, oor etc.r -- j.. o'go,L, -ao p o,r,c,',r r ,. -9,

) -. edroo oe 11. v. Doo or re pr_. I lo' lo, orr'(o.ea, o apo,-o, Jr^-,,. ..- dezvol-oroo or-e o, o o . e oL pot:-:: Mondio. Revlsicr porizroncr d-^ crid si

- -_..cril Nouveau, este infiinloto 'in 1920,

: .,- -,:-..tot' pe Le Corbusier, A. Ozenfont si

. : .-COAOesppOri-er:Oproi O.e.,: -. i dico . n ,,lud ri proqrorcrti. e , e

:--iu ui Rodikale Ktinstler, o cdrrui co oulor: E, in Bose si principii e crtei moderne. --rs o^ ioodo. do' 'o o r

' o leqo-.r.ol- co re o r-pt' De 5,/, Ve.,i: Mo,ce-- :.iuro noud ', in Cont'rmporctnul, nr.

- -:' '925, p 3-4.:- - . inl inoinle ' ,In Arla 5i Crosul, on l, nr I ,

- - - Jne bose d cr6er pour io nouvel e cor3. Morcel .lonco, lronsmis de criticul de

: r:-'ron, Adolf Behne, Arlicolu esle insotit' - -"-..r oto ,,Tribune el moison ovec terrcsser r- l cv ons', pe core se poole descifro'- - :-: ,,Bucoresi 1924 . Vezr. Archileclurct

.:-. o2: p lA2. o^i ^ o'pJ.o oo lo.'-ceo dro 'o'oepro olo'rRoro

' ,,: crhlleclura' , in Conlimporcsnul, nr. 48,: -- . . Arhitecluro noud", ,,Conslrucfivism si

' Co, -inpoton' r'. )3 1l eo. 92J- : -:doctiel, oso cum reiese din revisld, o

when he emigroted io Pc e:'-=p 395

, :e ocdo r.. lnp me.e :,i. ro-og o-i- o r osr p 'bl co,e r Co-,,mpo o^

. ::' 1925. : moiiv o ocestei cd olorii esle DOrliciI OOJO OOlZe. O e, po,z - o I -e1

:' d Au jo- d I r'' o^ o golo o Sy-:-':uo res", deschiso c 30 noe. 1925, a: r ce e moi mori nume o e orlei moderne:- De ounoy, Ernst, Gris, K ee, L6ger,:n, Picosso, Prcrmpolini, etc.

)2 C^ly -il-reo.-. :

visuo] informcrtion wos disse- - ---: -- : - -, - - _r--he ouo^.go.d^ rooo--- -.'

e(hrblon wcs opened n /c': t-t - l__-- --:'Decorcriive Arls' exhibliior !./c: :: ,.1927 the "Welssenhof" exi ciio: ,...r: -.:-:r rStufigort.23. De 5t4l the moqoz ne deo cc el ir reDo oslcism, lounded in.lune l9lZ, whose pub

"l-er wos Th

v Doesburg, published criicies of o s qnrficont rmpor-tor. e fo | ^ oav^ op-e, ot ,,o oi o--e Wo oWo C-^. -l e Do'sio, 're,o, o-o o, ^ooo,z,eL'Esprif Nouveou wos founded'in le2O its dTectorswere Le Corbusier, A. Czenfont ond Pou Derm6e.24. n lhe first crtic es on orchitecture, which he oub-lished in 192425 Jcnco pointed to ihe proqrommesimilcrrities between the mcrnileslo of the- BoselRod I,c:/.

^J <'^, g o p

^ ro .o o-"d ro I e r.ro i.t

l9l 8 ond the princip es of modern crt lounched byDe Stlll . in the some period, yet independenfly, crs

]onco oflen siressed.25.,See 'Cuvinl incinte' (Foreword), tn Arlo si Crasul,no.1, p I

26 lf,e crtic/e "Une bose o cr6er pour o nouvelle coloborotion" by Morce lonco, wos honded in bv treGermon orchileclure criiic Ado f Behne The oriic e hodos i lustrcl on o sketch nomed Tribune el mcison ovecierrosse d ovions', doted in hondwriiing Bucuresil1924 See Architectura, 29 1,g., Apri I f, 1925, p42.lo' 'o'. deos e.pre r.o i , a rtrl-o A ve y' -,rr, .r

ole Ios^ ro1'r o', o p's'^odirRo^oro ro . 5'i I or . o,.,te, I ,ro' ( ll-e \ow S-V oA l^i-ec - oJ ir Co' -ooto., ro. 18. O.tooo lQ?AArhileciuro nouo (New Architecture);' Conslruclivism

si Arhiiecluro" (Conslructivism ond Architeciure) in Contimporonulno 5354, Februory 192527 Ihe crddress of the editorio office, os we conmcke il out from ihe mcqozine, wcrs 53 lmprimerieiS reo. Pto ogtop 5 Oi Le i1 a1:O, *6' .- e rol .aO r.t

Co.'-oo,o.,l . o. 57-:B Apri 92;.28. A possib e reoson for this trip wos hr: porliciporio^ ,r;'f wo po - rg 't o In^ i' e-^ot,o-ol e,, olion 'L ori d Auiourd hui' ot the Syndicot des cntiquore5 go ery opened on November 30, 1925,where the mosl resounding nomes of modern ortwere exhibilinq: Arp, Brdncusr, De cuncry, Ernsl, Gris,Klee, Leger, Miro, Mondrion, Plcosso' P,ompollnl,elc.29 These cre the first known projects fo lowinq thosecchieved in 1922 Around 1926 he presJmobydesigned o vcrcclion house rn Brosov. Vel, no evidence hcrs been found on it so for.30 Al Roboi, 'Cu Morce oncu despre el s desprec fii" (Chotting with Morcel lonco obout himself ondolher peope), in Rompo no 46Ba, Aug 1933, p 3,T.a^ oooar rpoi^c i l-- .o., o to- ly pope-s.3l See Note 30

' I p t- eio o oie,ie .e r os.r'^ !,po- l9?2 oobob r o rl,r le2o

o cosar de voconidr pentru fomilie, lo: gdsit inco documenlolro in eqdlurd cu

ixtwtfii'

I tt:il:lr:r:

ocest proiect.30. A\. Robo\ ,,Cu Morce\ \onc, cesc-e e, sr desprecllir", in Rompoi oug. 1933, p 3 liusiroiie lo ortlcoi -vi o Chihdescu.3l . Vezi nolcr 30.32. Faur, Sergiu, ,,Bucureslii de ovcrngordo', in

Reolifotea tlustrota,9 ion -1930, p 333. H. Creongd (1892 1943)tocmoi se intorsese delo Porls, unde siudicse lo Eco e des Beoux Arls. E voodopio stiluL modernist obio 'in 1931, pentru co'incepcnd cu 1932, sd proiecieze exemp ele celemoi purisle dln orhitecluro inlerbe icd rom0necscdr.3l.C.lerrc orrooep-i..ip, oe oL-^.. oienunfote de Le Corbusier cu ocozio cceslei expozilii,sunt odoptoie de Loncu door portiol, de mu ie orccpctond o notd personc d.35. G M Conlocuzlno (l 899 I 960) vo deveni pr n

cipo u leoretlcion ol orhilecluril romOne interbe ice,dezvoltdnd o teorie proprie egoio de premrzeLecredrir unul sti nofiono , 6azal pe funcl ono ism si peeslelico orhltecluri romdnegli fdrdnesti.36 G M. Contocuzino, ,,Scrisoore' ,in Contimporanul, ctnX, nr 9698/)931, p 9 lO32. Morce cncu, ,,Scrsocr re ,in Conlimporanul, an'X) nr 99/ 1931, p 6/12/38. Vezi nolcs 37.39 ,,Noi", in Conlimporanul, nr. lOO, 193 I (octnoe.), p. 1.

40 Dui iu Morcu ( I B85 I 966) este principo u

reprezenionl o unui modernism monumenlo, cu e e-mente c osicizonte, op lccri in specio in prorecle pentrLr mcrri c ddiri oLrb ice41. in onu 1947, Marce oncu foce formcr ltdli enecesore pentru revenireo in Romdnlo impreund cusolio sr filco ceo moi mlco, dor inslouroreo repub iciipopulore in decembrie o oce uiosi on il deiermlnosd renunfe o plonuri e de repolriere si sd se sto-blleosco definitlvin Po estino Yezil. Selwert,

-l993,

p.22742. Unul din princlpii e enunloie de Th v Doesburgin nrmee grupu ti De Stiil Vezi Th. v. Doesburg, ,,DieNieuwe Archltectuur", in Bouwkundig Weekblctd, nr.20/)7.o51924 p 2O02O4.43. Morce 1oncu, ,,Despre orlele p crstice 9i orhltec-turo noud' ,]n Adevdrul literar si arlistic, nr.642 24morile 1933 p 7.44. Sondu E iod, ,,Arhitecturo vremii", in Foclo, on X,nr 442,15 febr 193245 M H Moxy, ,,Contribulii sumore c cunoostereomiscdrii moderne de o noi ', in Unu, nr. 33, on lV,

febr 1938, p. 246 Yezt nola 44.4/. lancu oveo in orhivo so orlico e de Bruno Touldespre culoore si orhrleclurcr, dotond din lg2 l.Poslroie in orhlvo fomiLiei Jcrnco, Tel Aviv.4B D no Adinc Reich o reconslituit pentru expoziticr

,,Centenor Morce loncu', schemeLe cromotlce dincoso ln core o copi dril.49. Bcrsore iefuri rec izoie de Mililcr Potroscu s-ou

32 Sergiu Four, 'Bucures\ii de ovongorCc -

Avcrn\ gcude Buchores\\,in Reoliloteo iiusirc-: . ,

1930, p 3)J ' C'eor 90 ( BO2 a13) ^od r .,

P6,,5 yy,6p,p he o,,end"d f . ole oe, Bec. .

odopted the modernrsl slJe Joter, in l93 l:.',with

,1932 he designed lhe most purist house: .-

in lhe interwor Romonion orchileclure.34. However, lhe five fomous princip es of ne'.. :lecture, stoied by Le CorbusLer on ihis occosio'porty odopted by.Jcnco, cnd quite often rece .-persono ione.35. G M Ccntocuzino \1902 ) 966) becor:mcrior theorist of the Romonion interwcrr orch,::-He deve oped his own theory deo ing wiih p'=-crpl lo creole o notionol sty e bosed on funciic-:ond Romonion fo k crchileclure oeslhelics.t() t, tv1 I alnTClaLlT no JCt soore aclTte 1.

oncu' {A Leller lo Mcrrce loncu) , tn Conttnpc':yeor X, no. 9698/1 93 1, p 9 l O37. Morcel .]onco, "Scrisoore' {Lelte'Contimporanul yeor X no 99/ 1931 p 6/ I -38 See Note 3239. "Noi" (We), in Contimporanul no. 100, '-Cci Nov, p l

40. Duiliu Morcu (lB85 1966) is ihe moin rep-=lcriive of c monumeniol modernism wiih closslc:ne^ a?" oucooiod r ^e o'ooli olor brg pua, c bu ld f gs.

4l . n I 947 Marcel.lonco look on the necessc-mcr iiies io return to Romonicr logelher wrth h.ond iheir youngest doughter However lhe com- -

lolreover of December 1947 made them give L-: -

p on, ond lhey permcnenly seit ed down in Po e.-See H. Seiwert, 1993, p 227.42. Cne of lhe prlncip es slcrted by Th. v. Doe.:on beholf of De St4l group See Th v DoesburcNieuwe Architectuur' ]n Bouwkundia Weekblc:20/17.05 )924 p 2AA2O443. Morce oncu, Despre ortele p ostice si o'-luro noud" (On flne orls ond orchiieclure), in Ace.Literar si Artistrc, no. 642, March 24, 1933, p ,

44. Sondu Eliod, Arhitecturo vremii (Contemp-Architecture), in Fccla,Xl, no.442, Febr. 15, l9i-45. M H Moxy, Conlribufii sumoTe lo cunocs':-=miscdri moderne de o noi" (A few notes on the -, .

ern movemeni in our counlry) ,in Unu, no. 33, V t=:1938 p 246 See Note 44.a7 Anor g Jor .o's popa, rl ^ e we e o ( ..,ool c'doc i-e.-rooyB.roTo oo-rg

a,21 ..Il ev o e ora.e,ved i1 lle .o- o c^ r! oc: -rn le -Av v.

48 Cn the occosion of 'Morce .Jonco Cenre-,Exhlbition', Mrs. Adino Reich he ped io reco..-'. .

the colour schemes of the house where she SD-.-' -:childhood49 Militcr Pdlrcrgcu s bcse reliefs hove beer :'=served in the Go d, Bozo tin, Ghlco, ond P '

r: -:- -- imobi ele God, Bozoltin, Ghico, Pictor. :* l- - fcto vilei Chihoescu exislo, ostczi dis.tr:..-ir : s-oluie de Mi1i1o Pdtrogcu.i,- - -:' :;n dedicofieo oulogrofd o luiJocquesl: -- - :: volumul: Exercilii pentru mdna dreopfd 9i,-': - I :ie, Bucuresti, I 93 I

Lr, l-ior holsos. A sc- p'u'e .epiese-.' : r .:: - lrJoe s'ooo ir [rorl of rne Ch.hdesc- t :. -. r:. - -longer exists.50. Quoted from the outogroph os. :r- :- : .

Jocques Costin on the volume: ,,Exerc-'ce-=- -:-:dreopfo si Don Quiiolle' lfxercises -o' -e - :-' -:- :ond Don Quixote), Buclest ,

'193 l.

PR.O'ECIE DEARHUECfURA,

I 922-t 938

Anca Bocanet &Ana Maria Zahariade

AR.CHtfEC7UREPROTEGfS

(te22-te38t

Proe -etr\.T colooqc-e . i -: . -.)c,tfel i-col olel ,o..o.po- ,.r -._.evoluiio crhileciului Morce cncr.C'odr'e ooo'o ruTtr^ a'aa e'a.. p-- .-)1ar-eo !er". 11 .o.tlircoFoce.o e ecunoscul, s-o dot clodirii numele strdzir.Adresa meniioneozd denumireo slrozii in momenluconstrucliei, denumirec octuclc fitnd doto intreporonteze, ocolo unde este cczu .

Dotorea proiecie or esle ceo o inregislrdrii cererii deoutorLzofie de construclie, pulinele desene orrgino efiind foorte ror dotolenlindereo comentorii or esle voriobi d. proiecielor

.o, o de. e-reozc ,epc e ,r evo, -tio c reo-ie I r

Mo'.e ,orCl -O-p oe.Cl. o or ,1 |a 6i.gr ti 6ecdutore plostico sou sunt exemplore prln singulcriloteo lor, le sunt rezervote un spofiu mor cmI u 9idescrieri moi cmd_nunliie, in timp ce proiectele coreurmeozd evideni formule onlerior descrise suntcomentole succini.lluslrofrile cpor gi ele in numdr inego, in funclie deexisienic fotogrcfillor de epoco, sioreo octuo d oclodiri or 9i modificorile survenile in limp nepermiidndd^co ro eor lotog oterec. C r e.cep'o r olo-vo(,rd .oto a Drot enien,o ;tg<t161:i 6t-) loote rotoo,o-,i coe eoo, o povn d, o-nuo lor'l^. Jo. odin Te AvivPlc:nurile 9i foladele ou fost redesenoie dupo copiile

'l-^.€' 6 6jo6 - we'A' e h a c" on6leqt6o

'o or rg -e e'h b rio, d rp oy. ,o -.J* M. .Jonco's evolution os on crchileci.The buidlngs were ncmed ofter their owner',. -_- -

o cLiren- p o. tice o il-e tire *l er ney wo-eWne'ele'tf e ov\re S t f .TOwn -fe o. lo r :g ,e' -^o to.rp ol --lA s- ee w ele - stc,o,The oddress menlions lhe nome of ihe slreei',,, -- .lhe house wos built ond, if the ccse, iis prese--fome.The dale refers io lhe reqistrction number of --=oop ( otot ror bl ,oi-g Z. rte ve'y 'u* o q - ,d ow ng. o-tr br r -o'e y oo eo.The p,oie, r /p5.r,6t'64" vo.y ' rerg ^s. f^o c. -1e'llo y sJpp e< horotqn do'6 q - 'l-. b, lo

,

-o I of'o )-oqe r Mc:cel -or co avo,,lio-notob e direclion. Those proiects lhol obvious ..

fo low o cerloin spoliol or sty istrc solution, c re::de..riboo w l oe con n er eo o^ orie /.

L e e s ot JleqLo re r be aL ,l'u.,,g'6".;1 -

colo og Je or e o -16'r' ' n i'eo ouo lob t: y oop es^-r slo e or-le o.id.q: ono tnF o-e o o-. -.uffered nooe to i,ut Jroue ^afi pl.o-iog oohed Fzcepr'1q'l o,e i'leo r iTe Sor r,ttl 5',sli6p5 o I r'e pr'r,ed plotoe,oo^5 be o, c .

,Le -oT c o ron i'y popo . ir l"' Ar"uThp pl6n5 ond tocodes we e orown oeo I o--ct e iog'op^ cop e5 61 1e.eo o ro fi'es'cor o - --l e b roi-g pe"r.l -o ' d ir re A, r'ro o[ B :-o*rFoI-l swo- rnanoo qopl cooclm- .:'o'r SoLrce ovoi.oo e. Urfoflr 'ro'elv w^ .o ) a . -

. 10 ot v oe o eo orowi^gr oe, or sA .1e pop6lr ebrohe".Jo cooc^i eqJ1 -osrtrp*ei" n,,

!,, , g e wor o1o en g orior yeo.sTl-e 'ALo-s tr -.or o- le T rior ^ro A nos beer r -:difficu t due io the clterotions thci occurred in ii-:ond the inodequole uti izolion of lhese vil os, w- _-were portitroned in severol flols in most coses {i-=gLes- spocer ll-e roio .poco- oelonq.^a -o 1-, osed lo rs .r-rfe trd seve,ol pc 'rioioo"e oro,wti e tl-^ boll-roor. we-e r,rroo r o t;lcre, . -..tou\oue ir sone . g^ir'.or- cosg5 'l e p.or s

^ -eco s- red o, -r;. I os pos. ole.'r gere'ol 1e po'rs o to.^ed lo ori'oiro oe -r- .

"nr c'r o e plbi sneo , tl- s o-o oq-" oi" .oolwovs ,.J or 'g il e o. io' b rloi^g Sore o ^ :roluro e rec l' or -l-e . or.^olior oro e5s srori n :wirl e 1r- 61'grtr 'o -e i o o'oiec . T^L, lhe.oe. oTre siqr'-,cor lorororl : rot o. L.d"-, ol t6f \p 6'.1 ie' rl or g^l o1o we e . eT oleo c. cL r lle de.c'p'o- of re p.oe6t o rn , corc_rv oo 'o y oe o'tg ine o re.o'.o^, 6916o1' .q ;=inlerior circuloiion ond ihe conneclions beiwee-nvonous spoces. Most of them brought obout ogieo e spo-io r]owi.rg oro reu b iiy o wioer r, :co'1"1. Lcol or belweol 6.tre et, tave.5 ono nte.e,^,o- (o' t:, L iy'. wl ch cr'o ro'o-luo,yo.er re'o deo o '

-e the co- ory i er 'cred -.

x

- : -uind principolo documeniotie grofico de.: ,:- de core s o putul dispune. Proiecte de exe- = )3u schiie origino e nu s ou gdsii, orhivo-, ,i de orhitecturd ol frotiior loncu pierzondu-se. . -; le ,oz6o L r

' : ole el gro-ii.-- -:-iiuirec sldrii inifioe o clodirilor cr fostingre- : :e modificdrile surveniie'in timo si de uii-

- -i urrule UIU)Ole OOSOielOl Oe OUIOT|ZOIte Oe'rclie ce se pdstreczd o Arhivo Primoriei:ipiului Bucuresii - Direciio Tehnico, ocesteo

i-p'oprie o r 'r-oro di.- e elo (subd'v zor^c--: or mori - in specio vi ele in moi mu ie

- -r-enle, oblurcreo go uri or, reportrtionoreo

.- Cu primlre, tronslormoreo boiiorin bucotorii,:-r.lsl, penlru cdlevo cczuri semnificotive, ou

=. - ..r,t,i e otr co po)ib,l \' pronJ ,e eo izole..- : ) 'r ep'oiecreeoeo;orizotie pro'co-e:r'r 'g, s clcdirlle reo izote, existd notobile dife= . ^ e d r lre oce. eo 5-r I Ii gcti oec Jroono- . o goro , -r. o,oiet I oe lo p ro'"- : lrd c proieclul de execulle. E e devin ostfel- :--: '^oe e oert', .-relege ^o r erti lo o r -

- t-'o,lrer 'oloteir prezen-or e.--- r.. Din cceostd coteoo,ie fol por.r" roi-': -d ie or vI o o'go^izo eo spo-ocr.iin

: 9"r'oi'-dlo-i spo-iole. o cor I .ilo i

: ,: ' 6lprfs5y'ore o. zor -olo o- si ,-, et:-a co ideec inilio c so fie substonticl schim-^-roi imbogofito.'- -6 1de orrnre. or Lrclrri spe,if ce si

I Oegrooo fl e e5 oot-1retroi. A 're::-cr id presiuni or speculctive, muhe dintre

=:isesc cu un nivel regimul de ino time:. o'"uo-,e. \veul

"r p,-er o pe-lru

. .'o p o, J es - d" ob ce co-'rpr 5 cri-llr o- I i ole/ele ei -orere oe oo pati 5', s un pod porfiol: - nolrvofie, in oceeosi colegorie se: j:'ente

e, fundomenlo e de ocesto dcio,::: e din dosore e de cuiorizolie si cele: croiectele din perioodo 1922 1934.

- ,'=azd fopiului cd Morce oncu, fiind-': : plom-r 9i deci foro drept de semno.

,. - de un subterfugiu, inointond cererilee sub nume e unui oli crhilect. Aslfe,

:llli or ou fosl depuse sub nume e crhi-t :ereil or ou losl depuse sub nume e

I -.-:niin Simionescu, core, dupd toote. -^ u oveo ro deoo r^ -,61 9 logo -,o''

_ o i rroJe lo odele cote opo' i-:ceosld perioodd suni desenote, pen:po'e, -eo ,'noreo-odi'or otsloo

-:-e-si imprumulo nume e, toto diferiie de-: 'eo izole in finol. De oceeo, penlru;ceoslo o^ ioodo opor ,- o-olog

: ru si folode e-'creo Corpu ui Arhiteclilor din

:-:el loncu esle recunoscut co crrhiieci,:'rndiurd si 'inscris in iob ou orhitectilor

: 3O noiembrie 1934. De lo ccecrstc: se pdslreozd si fofodele originole,: -: L.lote in coio og.: ---e clodiri e reolizoie, otdt ce e sem-

= : cu outorizofio obfinuto sub o t nume,

-:': in preso vremii, ovdndu ] menlionoi',':-ce loncu, in unele cczuri oldiuri de- cncu. ln mdsuro in core sunl cunos-

:,c colii cu fost meniionole in colc og.- . 'lcre o proiectele prezenlole provin:= :utorizotie, preso vremii, docu'- -- crhlvo fomillei Jonco din Te Aviv,

Anotner caleqory ot dil-terences ... : _ I l'- - _ _'cerlhedocurelovospe : -- j..:-ley'o-eotfecsorpe ,c..:j .. ..-lo:peculo vep.e, e ro r- .... : -.:. 1

one level hlqher thon the builC,rc ::-- - .--...=:The cdditlonol level, for which rJ . r-: r-: r. :oble, -on'oi'5 os o r'e o 'e 'c - -. : ; :,.e5 grq51-taaa5 5e \te'oo^15 o c t: :-l :-Alihough the motivolion ls quire dilre.err i. : -r-:1.-ty o 50 .ot -oi'ls e)seT o o JI^

^'tC-. oe-"l -e. ?formol focodes, found in the fi e, ond the ones Jcrccoctuclly ochieved beiween 1922 1934 There is cnexp onotion for ii: Mcrcel Jonco groduoted his crchi-loc e slud'e, toi .ng lo Doss I i ,1^o oioron o p oiecl excmino,lion, ond so he wos noi ollowed lo signhis proiects; hence, he hcd lo wriie the opp icotion'under onolher orchilect's nome Most ol ilre cpp icciions were submiited under the nome of lhe orchitectConslontin Simionescu lt is mosi unlikely thot heshor ld ho'e I od o v .o1'er o- w ll rhe Lorrv nool of -ro o'ojec . Co^.eqr er y to reep w rlr:1c-odi oro 'y^ o 'he s q, etr ^a ocooes orowr lo

the b, ldirg pe '"r r were 'l e y o' ferer fron wl o-r'"d lo be tl-e f rol ^ ooer- ro.ooer. ior ih " oerroo, .l e ccr'o oque eorto.r ' o1'l 'l e olons or lheb , roi^q o',d Jo ne 'o. ode .

Once the Notionoi nslilule of Architects of Romoniowos sel up, Mcrcel Jonco wos registered os onoulhorized orchllect on lhe isl of orchitects withoul cr

dlplomo on November 3Oth 1934 Henceforwordh" otrc o ly 'igred ^i) p'oie(rs o-o so boll I 'p cr'rs o'd Io, ode d ow "9, ecoroeo - 'Leorchive, ore prinied in this colologueMost buildings, both the ones he signed ond ihosedo:igreo '' de. o bo-rowao .lo.r 6 were prirrao irthe period publicotions ond siqned eiiher by MorcelJor (o olor e o- logetle wi'^ i' . b o ^er .Lres ;or co.Al the o recdy dentilied publicotions hove been isied .r ho p eser .o olocr-e.The infornolion concerning ihese projects comeso- b'l,o'9 porr' \ p ei5 orli.les e poparb o\e ,o'..l ro'n ly ir le Avv. .evoro i- e vewr ol dl,or he e e-trr. e erlr,e i-red i1 -l e b b.oqror:l u

oI -'is boo-. Mo' or -re r ro -nolio- s lhe rJs.- r olAnco Boconet's reseorch for o doctoro lhesis on lhe'' e wo Roro' o'r nodern ,m

l

= :--'o mentionala in Bibliogrofio= .,--in ceo moi more parie rezuliotu]

=:,'e in I 99 I de Ancc Bocdnet, pen-

= --::-orol, pe lemo modernismu ui orhi

= -: 'cmdnesii.

Tt

l. Aleelr lancu

l. llousing inlancu AIIey

Strodo lrin tolii nr. 29 (intrcreo

Molor Avrom Zenovie),Blcl resl

Proieci oulorlzolle:Lie 1922

7 corpuri de c ddirecu oclinle cuplole,

porler s elo.

29 Tfif totii Sireei(Avrom Zenove A ey),

Brchcre:1.Bul ding perm 1: )t|y )922./ b ocks of semi detoched

houses, ground f oorond upper f cor.

n 1922 Hermon loncu - lclc orhileclu uide, ndeoo6coeo oo eo godr ioe OOOOnO ,a .e I ^deo I cpo e e .o5tr rO a oi .t"oooTrinilolii. Pe ocelosi teren, M. loncu vo conslrui in1926 prlmo cosd modernislo din Bucuresit, icr restulproprietatii vcr face obieclu unei noi porce drr in1934Pe ocecrstd o ee se vor conslrul cdtevo iocuinie''oo-o o6 pole' e'or o^.n or oodrolo,u-ode.-.A ^.-eo.J1r p, 1oo.os^dr B, ,.t,o.'. ore oo- i o- b' ,ro r /\,{6'r^ lor. , oe, proieL Jo-tr )el^O';-"rp'c r'O C ro h. . PO.o. hot.Dln puncl de vedere urbonislic, oleeo o fost gonditoco o fundolurd, cu o evidentd incercore de cieore cun,ui spcriiu comunifor cu inlimiloleo si speciflcu soucrhiteciuro. Ansomblul se compune d nir-o dispunerede r.. orp r' 'p oe lo ' -e o ple. , . elor^

'-n^e dor o ro ^'o.e oa o o,ee oen r J o,iFoL' ^r. o90 o.opolrlo-; o.roo o .o,^,oe'o ieozo:'t'"oeo'1 cratr o oo oicr^o,te.

l,o o 1 ct .oe. ioro t9e-^1a oo lL, crc ^, oe, opoo odeo,.e, ^r'J or c,1 or.Aceste douo clodiri, re criiv ciudole, osd sd se inlrevcdd o onumild libertote in lroloreo orhitecluro d.O'a.O, O O. ^ izo p.O.^, -eo riMor,^ Or r der o; o'z L. o '"ro .op , oo\o o lod,io 1ed. o oesenlio de fotmc porcelei, inlerpreloreo elemenlelor

O iO'-e O lolI5i O J., . tel . 'o66^,c, 1i6-ro Lota oce leo . r- oo o-^ olo od o go.tzoreo o onului si c inlrcrr

Resiu cose or, mol modesie, repelo cu ponderoreo-^vod 1^6 6c.tp^ a-pa/lo ol^oeo e).o.

oo ,o ooi i. iroo ri oo oor o 'egi a o-izol,o ecslle incot porieru so devino pred"ominont, conferindo cnumrld monumenlolitoie, bovindou , ocoperisul .in

ponto linc. Aceoslo conferd onsomblu ui otoi unilolestil siico col si porlicu oriiole disiincliva

ln 1922 llermon loncu, Morce lonco's fother.ooatao o ore/ o o e. da o re IO,OOO .q. n.gorden slretching in the bocl yord ln Trinitoti Streeiln 1926 on this very lot, Morcel Jonco built the firsmodernisi house n Buchoresi, whie the remoiningground wos loiled in I 934.A. or ce ^ 't-^ ol e, -ey- cr r'od.o,C -ivo a/etor ra or o .o-ew o' ^ ooe.t ,o oord ,vera o,They were the first bu ldings in Buchorest thot could

9^ o, ribed o Mor ol or o o' .o' 9l or.r.Po or to o q' ^o lL^ o.o et'or -he' bor .,^,r,oo r ' h , ole. wo,'.o,q-i o05 o o.e a\ I c "o o' obu o s otre-p 16 r og,o 6ot t'tJ,i'r o ^o rotod o/ I o,vr pr,,/o 7 oro

o'' L 'ec . 'or sp^ fi y -t e e ^-ol^ d solou,, ,^lOrOOrd t,^/i't 1cl .^ Ol nn C. 'ta l6s twO O1a, O

recessed os to lhe olley in view of crectinq o broccer spcrce ol its bollom The two houses lhol f onk theenlronce ore destgned ln such o woy crs lo suqqeslcr gore"voy lo tl o 'ro.l er erot^.These two e ollve y slronge buildings onnounce iherohc r'^^o.f io,-.ro eolror -tlo.horo ,at1e,ol co '61o 619 e. ':. l^o op , o . \t ope o. ll e

br id' q \'o-T^ o.'o l, roo ^s 6u tl e :nooe olrc ot L'o T^ . o(- oi ^,^r er ''l o. tle qob

o-o le O.'r. o ^ f16'c, ot O r O- /A r.O.to,',;oo-^o oc io por o qo. ta o- a d ^ ,rorr^Ire o ^o 10 A\ o o ro F n ooa. oDoeo or e

^ Ooa oie v tepeo, ora pe( ti- o.p^ . Ol ^ooroos lior o tl e b-i o q qo'ewoy o-"rtr \ tr e

g^1'y oped root '-a oow w ' dow oro . eto ode d r :ior .' -o ,vo o - or-ol -Ao c-€r wni. h

moke the ground f oor looI higher, thJs enderinq c(e o' '"-ro. 're. o , lo 'l ^ b loi^g. St .l oio^ erdo not only g ve stylistic unity to the"bui ding but theyOO^OL'rsdi ti,.\a10e.

2. ViIdneaunosculd

2. UnidentifiiedviIIa

Adreso necunosculd

Conslruil cca 1923.

LJnInown oddressBuih c I 923

Among the onco fomiy popers in Te Aviv, lhere orewo pho og opLs ' or 'l o .ilc oro .ortr s.el, 1A

o'c olo' o'ro o -o.ode o- oopo tr'r- y oe o1q lothis bui ding, whose ocotion hcs noi been tdentifiedyel -l i ol'ologroors oo e o) eo y' o. 923 or dll e w lrer rolo. o 'te drow.-gr r Poror or,"o.ld ['rl o' o p'o e. I o r' I r Qoro. ,o,t^ b"i d rq .ell. o 'oll e ec ec c le prelo o^ oo c o'. o. corpori o. P^-e'lsceror ele^te-i:-ho wo-ld - y s., gr y' Lo'r^e i'-o ll-e o^t I Aley\1a2?) or o G';r ho , 9llo27)Howev-^r, neither ihe obove menlioned crgumenisnor his fcmily s lnformcri on - thot pleod foi.lonco'souihorship of ihe house is unequivoco documen-tory evrdence in lhis cose.

ln crhivo fomi iei lcncu dln Tel Aviv se of o douoro oo oli oe eoo-o .i cotevo -^i-e oc p or -ilolcde ore oo so opo'- 10 o/ a -e . od o coro,od e o or- o1e e. LTo\ Jro. lo og ol cr oo eozodin 1923, ior legendo in romernesi-e de pe schite o-t d .o .r' Q'o o, ' Rorror o.Clodirec, o inierpretore destul de ec eclicd o uneicompozil i c osice, prezinto onumite e emente core otrogo s i,li 6e 6 p^6 6 t l)922) oe o.oGrn \1927))o5i sr^ re org..r ^.r'o (c, s -o ' le lon leo' . , p odeozc pen ' o-- b loo o. cs o ooiMorce loncu, nu exisidr incc dovezi documenioresiqure jn ocest sens.

schlle pre iminore

pre lminory skelches

')2> Co rpo.o- p.o oO Or Ol^ aOO. tic tr. i -ei ,r ' .t O ta1 O

:-iicat orhiieclurii de rnlerior A le cdtevo folcorofiir- ,-pocd, poslrole in orhlvc lomi iei cncu, coil.:'eazd imogineo o ce pulin tre comere, un cori.r ,- si o cosd o scdriiI =--ru oceste inlerioore, loncu o creol scheme de

rore, couidnd evident un fou ilp de decorolle,

=',rot din p ciuro obsirccio. Peretii si p ofoone e. iltao--o,OO^ la .OOlo-o-ogo.roa- oo^ e e pop r ^d^to.oo,o c,e

- 11 l^ go, ^ i 61o9 ol^-.1g. a Or oA O.. i o. to- -- nudnd neif lrerupi pesie co iuri, orl de pe perele

= -lvon.

, = crimu exemplu cunosculin core Morcel oncu,ir cu oorect in orhlteclurd, e conlrnucnd de cr

:, cni or sd decoreze crstfel oiot nleloore, cOl si

.[.le c ^o ti-rO o,otp a,ro rOO: redoclio unei revisle de ovongcrdo flind ocul:-: ol unor ostfe de experenle plcrsl ce.

11 'O)r\o -poo pb:heoo e.^ op^o_loo ooL ao a d li g- e a"o, o . ^ eo otiololf' o'o aO. rc,oCt^iO.OCnet e.Some more photogrophs of thor]rme, found in thefomiy popers, comp eles the imoge ol: ol leosl threeroorns, o corrldor, cnd o slcircose.Joncc designed severol colour schemes for iheseinterior, obviously seorching for c new type of decoroiion derived from obslrocl pointif g The wo s ondcer ings were lololy covered with cb oured rectongulo' surfoces thol over opped ond slreiched irre' oa, t;.e ol le o , i--. .'o ^lo^ ^, I p'^ooi^go.e' o ar . o'd or -g ['o r ^o]

-o - l o.This is the firsl known inst"t,:nce when Morcel ioncoopplred colour ln orchileclure Cver the yeors hewenl on decoroting eilher inleriors or focodes. TheConlimporr:nu/ inieriors cre ihe mosl rodicol exom-pe.of oo a ^ oppl ao ror ''e.rr ra ^treditorio office of on ovont-qorde mogozrne wos lhe:d-cr oo 6-6o o.^,pa .e1 c

3. lnterioareleredaclieiConlimporanvl

3. lnleriors al]he editorialofilice oi theContimporo,nvlMagazine

Prcbob sirrdr r:'iT3i : -

53 Bucl est

demo otd.

Rec izole cco I 923 25Prb cote ir Conlinpcronu/rt.57 58/apr e )Q25.

Presrmob y ot rc. 53lmprlmeriei Slreet, Buchcresl

demo ished.

Br ic.192325Plb ished ir Cortrmporcnu/rc 57-58/ April 1925

59

:_r expoz r o LnTernor onoro LOr/r//fpotanul, a t)

recernbrie 1924, Marce ioncu expune zecelesene de orhiieciuro si o mochetd, pe core 1e

:.lnooslem oslcrzi din reproduceri, origino ele: erzdndu-se in decursu timpului., r olt desen dln oceeosi periocdd o fosl reprodus- 1925 in revrslo olondezo Archileclura, ca,strolie lo un crrt co scris de oncu. Acesie desene:crezintd siud i pentru diferite progrome: vi d o,'cs, vi d o fcrc, vi d si cinemc c munle. poslc s

= egrof, zgdrie nori, elc.:- stic, sunl drficr de p osoi. Apor ccr vcrriofiuni pe o- o o,' ro: di lr o bo,ro 1o \o o a.: !me ortogonoLe orlzonlole sr verticcrle se inlre:::irund intr o compozif e osimeiricc, se incr id. ='-icolo unu lurn. Exlrovogonfo turnu ui in formd de.::eold, corocteru] fcnlezsi o compoziiie si verli-,: smul cccentuol pcr scr indice crhileciurcr fuiuristo- po.;bo.sddtr-)poo

-: moi iuslrotiv exemplu esle desenul intilulol- oundr si^cosdr cu lerosd de olerizore penlru

: ccne' in ocelosl timp, simpliioteo uoirr" ot--:goncle si ipso orcdrui orncmenl pol fi inierpre-r 3 ccr o incercore de o obordcr pricipiile: ^ iectLrrii modern-o: ,Ciul pentru 'vild si cinemo", ce moi blne:::umentot, cu fofodo, p on sr mocheid, pore sd se::-opie cel moi mult de un pro ecl recr izobil.

r' rgo o drecplo, de srs-.cm ell 1o right hom top

:-i at:

' r iord peflru or

; lr the counlrvside for

-:ros"i irre ciiy"

, vo lmeltlc: zgoi e for "

:f vo lmelr,l: s[yscroper"

r : cosar cu pislo de-,- f o'/ioofeor": rrd l ouse wlth ondirg

: ': egrof"

:: : rd Te egroph"

lioro e'io; o V- .lto o do^,g o : : ..

A e,r,o lt e-,tee l - :Co'poo^ Io --:: - .. r[^ 6 r^[ 91 oo.some period occomcor ec a- :-- :,- 31 ir,'i. .lorcopublished ln the Duicl' nc,.iczire A,.cr'recirro, in

1925 The drowrngs fepreseri si..lC es for differentprogrommes. urbon cnd colnlry vi os, vli o cndcinemc ho I in the mounloins, post ond ie egrophoffice, skyscroper, elc.S-vl r-,oy-ho.s^o, rodt. Iopo^. I^see[f lo be voriolions on lhe :cme iheme. o mossivebose, representing on osymmelrico composilion ofrnter oc ng verllccl ond horizonlol vo umes, is

crowned by o lower- lke verticoL e emenl.The exfrovogonce of the orrow-shoped lower, ihefoncifu vejn of ihe composiiion ond the cccenlu,:ledverl co ism cou d point lo f ulurist orchiteclure os opossib e source of inspirclion. The most obviousexomple is the drowing co ed 'Tribune ei molsonovec terroce d oierr soge d'ovions'.Ai lhe some time, the simplicity of ihe reciongu cr

vo umes ond the ock of ornoment con be nierpreled os on ollempi io odopt the princip es of ModernArchilecture. The study for o vi o ond cinemo in themountcins , which is the besl documenled, wiih one evoiion, p on, ond sco e mode , comes closesl lo o

fecscble proiecl

.1. getene ae.',thireclutd,t923-24

4. Archilealvraldrawings,t 923-t 924

Prbllcole in Conlinpor onti,nr 5354, 25 lebr 1925;Archiiectrto, XXX, ll04 925

9 )42

Pu[, shed in Coniimporcnrirr 53 54. Fe6r 25, 1925,Archliectura. XXIX, IL04 1925p )42.

,,Sludtr pen-rr, a: : -

"Study for vi o :rd : r:

t-{-r-T

5. lmobilvlHerman lancu

5. Herman lqncvbuilding

)tlodo r n lol nr .J.J

{Dr Moximi ion Popper nr. 55],Blcu resll

Proiecl oulorlzolieirnLrorie 1926

Prb icold in revislo

Conilnporonul nr.69/octombrie 1926.

mobil de oportomenle, porler.3 eloie, u limu nive pcrlio.

33 Trinitdl i Sireel

{55 Moximiicr Pcpper Slre,-l),

Brchoresl.Br ciro perm i: .]orllry 1926

Plr :[ej - Clr'-loiorri-: :l l: :::i I 925

: :: :t-r': r':--r t:: :.,c

Conslruit pe lerenu din slrodo Trrnitoiii ce oporlineoloiolui orhilectului, ocest imobll ore o formdr ciudcrtd,porlla molvolo de olinierecr decretoto de primoriepentru deschidereo unet viitoore slrczl si decdosorec o o conslructe porler exislenld.Prime e lrei niveluri conlin cOle un opclrlomefl destude modesl si de irodrlionc , docd focem crbslroclied^ lo r a t ^ t,/ ,aa a ao 1-opar' . aeo ca po ^\o rl ep ^1;. e 1. o o o.-ora plo.ri o i^ e

-o6^9crbo.re,/rot ol loregAr poeoclodrrii Unul dinlre opcrrtomenle o Tost ocuil chiorde Morce oncu pdn-r in 193 l, cond se vo muto inslrodo Coimotei Ultimul nive, porlio, core nu opclrein ouiorizolio de conslructie, este olelieru sdude picturoVc ooreo remcrcobi dr c ccesiei cose rezidd in exer-citiu p ostic pe care i propune st i impune chicr cuo onumrld inienlie de o $oco, imobllu filnd proreclcrl.in mod de lberoi co un cop de perspeciivd coreopore lolol insolit inlr-o zonc de loculnle scundetrodillono e. Des gur co liberloieo pe core Morcelloncu si o perm te se dotoreozd si foptu ui co oproieciot ocest imobi prcclic penlru e .

5- ^tr(' po.-cc evoe1'et'ir^ e'pesionlsie, ominlind de reliefurile de ghips reo izcrte deMo -.'or . oZtc"ar,a19 /.innn,,,noorlicu oreo lolc neconvenlionolo o volume or, e e inr^ roobi,rJ ^. o rorrc 06 polop^o a.pe5vcr

o Lp cr ^olo oo o^ p'oooo o eerer ',o ^ ospeciocu os este cromctico fcrtodei, fo osilo co elemenl re oliv oulonom de compozitie. Aso cum, 'in

onurnrle studli de orhilecturo de interior, Morceloncu desfiinieozo spoliu crhilecturc prin culoore, inocest coz, policromio creeozd crhilecluro.Cdulorecr plosticc exprimctd prin ccesi imobrl -

I t O.. .O O 'I p.enp 6^ 6 -.la . O -nOd^-rCt

drPororo L - ^delo. tipi,opel-,,^Ao evo deveni modernismu bucureslecrn. Ec i reor-ozento pe Morcel loncu drn oce moment, probobi molmuii p osiicion decdt orhltecl, si se vo regdsi, moimu i scu mor pulin evldent'in proiecte e so e viiloore.

,l' . rr ol oooln ^1 b oirg i. b I I o- Jo.co6-l -'propc -, i^ T o-' 51^^ l-lo. o r o-galopo po ) o.e o ^Aor orq i ^ -po.^d o1-teM.ni ooi'yi vowor opF lqo,ew5-aecnd p.crrtly lo it being cdloined to on extoni bui dincrEcch floor conloins 6ne f ot of rother modest ondt,od o o o oa .Ce' c, rroor5'ror^o.tro.qerot- *t 'r q bo ooro 17 ll e '^s1 , o 611 ocsthetic pursuit or determined by the overo shope oft-^ bui d'q Mcr-'ol or o .veo i o,o ol ro a -ioi

unti ,l93

l, when he moved oui to Coimoter StreelHis studio wos on the top f oor, which wos noimentioned in the building permitThe remorkcrb e volue of th s bui ding ies in its beingo olo. , o,p^-"^.r' p obooy i lar oao os o loe oe. P ocad 'r o fo.ol po.r ^ -) 1ovPboer o ,l ro opooo o'rra o^ o'r9 rl e -oo rior olhousinq ol the orecr. Ol course, Mcrce Jonco cou co o o o o o.o.o've !e,t-ra ot / oe.o, 5A tr

bullt rt fo himselfThe house slonds for on oeslheiic exercise ihotcontolns obvious expression sttc overiones ond re-minds us of the ploster re iefs he creoied in Zurlch.storling wilh I 9l 7. Apan from lhe thorough y uncorventiono orticuloiion of lhe unusuc 1y shopedvo ^te o o a a/o F vA , -oloi.g or ol , osurfoces, lhe mosl speciocu or feclure of the buidincoppeors in the chromolics of ihe focode, whicho -"r o a a' /e /a -o.ot o-5 e^'ndl i't -1e 01 p.s o.. t 'r.o o''r o oie 15 oi.,-e.o'o i'e. "^Mo, ^ .orro do orpo.^d .he o ^i - I. ro .Op.

bu 'so 6r ro oLr i't 't oo o .o e po 7.1 -o--,,

o eneroles o rch il-^ciLr rei ^ o ot oF\-leli ou , - d.^n p ited ,r I .

o.iJ.9 .ro,n,r o il-e r,. o eol Mooo'^orchilecture in Romcrnic, rs nol in lhe lecrsi lypico fc-whol Modernism wos io become in Buchorest ltmerely represenls Morcel .lcrnco s work oi lhcriove Tone-^[or ll epo l^Ore-ooIeor' h -e ry1 . wo5 ^ .. oo. io' il r'q o epro jecis.

:

JI

....1

r-.!*._- {* :

prAZA-lO60p.). .: _ _..S. hord o c: : : r --: .

ori ^,r^d^ --c .-- .. ) . .-.. .

oporiincrnd grupu ui De S- . r: :::cs-,i eni,Morcel loncu c pub i.o-:i :3-e,,,c scriie inContimporr:nul in onii 192425S ngurul document gos r desp'e ocest proieci esie otoogo' ede^po oi .oeopoF) o" ia.

Suchard

6. Suchardp''vition

Torgr Mos or, 1926,Bucrresl.Pub icci in Conlimporanulnr 67,itnie 1926

The Mcsl ot Fan,1926,Bucho resl.

Pub, shed in Confinporonul,nc:.67, )une )9?6

This wcs o lemporory consirucl on, probob y in

wood, meoni lo disp oy the Suchord producls forlhe onnuol Mogilor Foir The povi ron recc ls thosevo umetric studies pub ished by Morcel Jonco n thelO)42) 5 res ol Co-t,npo'o../ l^y lo r c ,orIdoItl eroI e rrl;lo boorgrqo.o-e

crtists of the De Sir// group.-1

"or )ouolobedoc ror i.ope oop.olooopl wl FPwa or o50:etr Ttror' trc

robi u H. oncu

- oncu Bui ding

: rn de sltuotie/site p on

: :" etoi/upper fioor plon

***ff" -{d6&3ir'"tl.'

'o-o PAr--U PICrO- |

-:: : Donie, prieleni cu Morce oncu sr colcrborcr-' :: Contimporanul, esle o cosc mol modesld,

- -. iliid pe o porce o difici cl.r= ,- c on irodilono, core nu prezinid nici un-

=-:s deosebit, fotodo dlnspre strcdc pore, prcctc,:: ccriie picluro obslrocid, ccrre se 'inscrie pe inio

",: L- ul Hermon loncu (l 926), dar mci put n spec--: --- :csd s cornp et p atd.-:-:iele mori de culoore si prof le iiniore formeozo

r:sen geomelrlc core ing obeozcr dupc propric=,: i elementele de crhilecturo. Aceosld obordore,

:- -ru rcnd piciuro o, pooie exp icc sl ciL.lddtenio, , .:coloore o bcr conu ui fcro poropet, oltfel com-

=- :bsurd din punct de vedere crhiiecturo .

= . entio cu orli in orhilecturo este mu t moi vizibi o-l comp exd'in inieriocrre, oso cum reiese din',:-ciii e de epocd o e ole ieru ui si dormltorului.r :-eo cromolicd esie voriotd, de lc op icoreo de

..:'::ele mori de culocre, pono lo desen de linie,- -- .ro integrond si diferlte e emenle de mobi ier.

' -: erul ole ieru ui, o cdrui poternilole nu se-::rsie, foce referiri evdente lo Gerrlt Rieived

-

ln 5 nOUSe WOS des gneo -a- --- a:Donlel ond Corne ic Bcb c,l: =friends ond members of .-e J:- --

.o otl e'""looa oAr --irregu or pcrce .

The plon is trcdilrono, ond :::. - - :-:ipO , o 1-a-aq -l - o^ :

bietorob o :c :-'ine opened wiih llermcn loic. : ., I -

yei ess speclccu or ond lhoro,gh y : :'.The lniervention of co our in lis crcrirec .-: ,.::more visible crnd fcr more como ex ci lhe rt-., .evel, cs the photos of the siudio ond bedroom sl-ovrIt. The chromolic trectmenl vcried from lhe orceslrelches of co oured surfoces lo lineor drcwiriq,ond somelimes to ihe inleqrciion of vorious p ecesof furniiure

] ^ .r, d o I. r I 'e w o5e or ror i, ro -'ro\^1 ,trobu o-. ) qqe)-. (,c1 Q|o|u^ o

^o-

1.:lt,f1..1iillffi,*l.tr g

srbl

plor -^tol

firsifoorpon

7. Gesa ldenrfDanietr

7. Henri Danielhouse

- a aa.a) -_

-..,_- rpi.l,ti_,1'' ;z a' l)27Cc:r -n i:r ic a plrlei,eia si Tarsordar.

9 Ceres Slreel, Buchcresl ,demo shed

Bri ding permit: not founC tr the

records, presrmob y bli t

tn 1926.Prb lshed tn Cont'irrtpcrc:nul,

no 72, )art:ar1 )927OneJomi y holse, ground f oor.rpper f oor, ond monsord.

ffi

4

f,r

8. ViIo teqn Fuchs

8. 7he tesnFschs villa

Sirodc Negrstor nr 33,3 rcr re:1

Prclecl r rlo izolie:

r e lQ27 er;lnde eougrsr I 929.

Plb iccto if iipcrriic iile/orcnr 3 ion. l9?9 F.ealitatea

itus,troto, 9 lrn. l930locllnlo rrtliomillo o, pcrler.

elo sl lercsd.

33 Negrsto iSlreel, Brr:foreslProle ct pernil: )t|,1 )927.exle rsl.r Argrsi I 929.

PLrb ishecl r iioc'irilc iiterordr,c 3 .lrrrr'!, r929 Rcoiiioiec

'r.':r tri,' ]rrLrrrr' 9 1930I .:-:,-- -1 ;_. g :r,.rl f ocr,

,:t:: - l:'lrl i:.loae

[sle consiruitd inlro zo,rc 'e],: ,--:i:--:,-,io oo p- il I :t'vinurl, core ii cere ul Mcrce crc, :i- :o cosd moderfd.Ec iniliozd tnta cutiilor o/be, o evldentd cdrutorepo.r cd-[o. oBo' lo' oc ^.o eoo r

mu le proiecte u ierioore, uneorl in combinolle cu

e emente de inspirclie expresionisld.Desi cu un on inolnle Lcncu proieclose imobllu dlnstrodo Trlnliotii sl vilc Dcrnlel, ombele exptesie o unel

onumlte modernilotl, otot orhltectul col gi, ullerior,isloroorcflc orhiteclurii romernesti vor considero vi o... n' ln L no o mc Iod e oo^.o o r ode ^o

dln Bucuresti.D^ cl r o .po o to -o 1o ooro .rgi lllo16 -a'o,-;d o ro I o'oo or o'^1ol loo - | 1

sprilinuL oceslel ofirrnolllln ocesl prorecl, oncu renunld o cromotlcclfotcdeJor in fovocrecr unei scu pturolitaf i oblinute pr n

oa ro 10o,,r -^6" 'polo- oi^ o9^ 016 po.r I o o^,otooo 'o.- r d^ i

etc., prin ccre creecrzd un puternic efect scu plurolde lumino si umbrd.Aici opore penlru primc oord elemeniuverlico in porle oJoux din ccrre potnesc oTizonlo e e

piine oLe bolcoone oT, e emenlOtaOA.f- .OCl. ^i.li po', O 1e,-;6l-

Mo o o. ipo o,- t o p^ Or,l o,l lo

core ii vor urmo).U O-c,oPti^OA^^OOAlt OtLio 'O

O OIaO O a la OPOI O ^lO ^ 6,-,6i6 o la 6

rllimu nivel, interprelore a prlncipiu rt lailfordin,definitoriu penlru Misco'ecr Moderncr.

: bll i n o commerciol crreo of the o d ciiy centret:' o 'wecLlhy w ne lroder, who osked Morcel .]oncoio design o modern house for him.

Although one yeor before .lcnco hod des gned thebuilding in Triniioiii Slreel cnd lhe Donie House,wh ch both slond for his Moder-rist opprooch, the

crrchliecl hlmse f cnd the history of orchilecturerecorded the Fuchs Vi lo os the f rst genuLne modernbuildrng ln Buchcrrest.This sloiemenl rs certoin y sustained by o more openond e oborcrle spcrticl dislribulion, os wel os by the

new formo anguog-a .

Ihe white box building morks o new orjentolion jn

Morcel lcnco s orchlteclure, cr Bcruhous ll[e cesthetic pursuit, which merges w th expressionistic- lke e ements rn his loter projecis. ln th s proleci.lonco gove,o lhe.nroro- , ^o. er.o ll oro od-.i. ct.or I

o o p"'o oppoo oboiroo- 6'9 bodpoa o o'o:qo ,-6'^ ^ P "dfo od^p anes, ond b ol en lnes which creole o strong light

ond shodow effectt js here thciJonco used for ihe first tlme the ver;icolprojecl no bor conlrosl nq with the unbroken horlzonlcrrine ol rne oo one. [n e'er o1 go gno 6 o gI

Jcrnco s orchiiecturol chorocieristlcs from then on, cndrl wos olso loken up by the crchitecis to come.A prenidre for lhe Romcnlon orchileciure wos o so

tle top f oor terroce whose inlerpreloilon of the /oiloo-p 1 pa or^Po'o-oiorr'6g lair o

the Modern Slye.

l:

l=l-E

These twin houses ore bui i by Sidonle Grun on iwoodloining ots, situoted in o populor housing oreoCne of lhem wos loier so d to the Furcusleonus.The trcditionclisi siyle of these bul dings seems toconlrodicl lhe evo]ulion of Mcrce Jonco's worktowords Modernism. We shou d not expect lo findon onswer in the o reody known line .lonco wosfo lowing then, but in the prevci ng conservoliveicrste of the oge thot he, os o young orchilecl, couidnot offord lo orgue wiih.However, the troditioncr rst chorocler of this house is

c oser roiher 1o Jonco s eorLy projecls of 1922-23reco ing the British cnd Germcn residenlic crrchilecture - lhon to the specific note of Buchorestbuidings

9. CesaSidonie Gfiin

9. Sidonie @riinBuilding

Aeeo Cornelc rr il ilBucl reslj

Proiecl o!lcrizoiie: :a :-a-:1927, corslrinn :l)?3Coso unifom lo o a!p a'a aJ::sl elo, cu cdle un

oporlomenl pe nive.

30 32 Corne io A ley,

Buchoresi.

Bui ding cermil: November1927,il r n 1928.TwoJomily fwin horse, groundf oor ond upper f oor, ore f oton eoch floor

lotodo spre slrodd

s;reet Ioccde

P cn/Plon

71

- :-3 de ccse populore, ombeie. -: :cnslru te de Sidonie GrLin, uno fiind

- : -': ::miliei Furcustecnu..r ,, :orccter trodiliono ist o ocesler cose. -----:zcd evolulio slilislico o lui Mcrce

= .- :' enlose de jcr spre modernism.'=.. e probcbi ccruloto nu otcrt in opfi

, -- -'- .ri, cot in gustul predominoni conservo-- - =: :espectivd, pe core tdndrru in cduiore' -, isl permite incd so controzrcd.

- ,r'ccterul trodiliono isl o oceslei cose nu

= r: r-ri specific bucurestecn, ci se leogo moi

- - :: :rh lecluro prirnelor proiecie o e lur' :- I 922 1923 tooie cminiind de orhi-_ I -- r O O e1g e. O \i ge--r o^a.

I O. VilaIrllariq Lsmbrv

I O. Mafia LambtuVilllr

Sirodo Popc Sovl nr. 5,fllrcLrr-osll

iae,T,all ,lTale l)e ,/a

ccrsli!ila in 1929.Pub lccio ir Corrliriporcrnl/

rr TQ.iebr 1929Locuinio rnifrml ic d

porler s, elol

5 Pooo Sovr Sireel, Brchcresi.Bul d rg i:erm t: ..luiy, 1928,

Prb :lrrdj. a.)

br rl ir 1929.r C:rlriirolr.lliF:br-r-v 1929

. :" r':-rl iro

: , ,-r qrlL,rd i oor p cn

Esle primc vl o conslruild cerezidenlio dln nordu orcsLr L

Reportitio lnter oord, loorle rcl crc i -l:::zc oonum-a preocupore de econom c icle, nJ lpslto insade e egonio si cloritote spolio dAporenl, clddireo urmeozd Linicr p ostico lnliioto devi o Frchs, dcr moi modesid si rnoi puiln imoginclivcrCu toote oceslecr, compozilio fotodei principc e oreo bogolie dlscreto, obliruto otot dln decrogcrreop nurilor olbe de zldcrrie, cot si din desenulp:ofiLe or de cu oore inchisd ccrre qeeazd zone deo onumild lntensitote groflco, occentudnd aslfecontroslu dlntre diferitele suprofele. Desi desenu deprofile este mu i moi molivoi orhilecluro, ceeo ceconlerd lotodei o onumild clcsstcilote, ocesl pro-cedeu nu poole so nu om nlecrscd de coso Donie

\1926) sou de vio Chcrpier 1929) flind tipicpentru p oslico ui Morce loncu.

This rs the first vi lo buit by Jonco in lhe new norihernresldenl o oreo of ihe citv.The exlremey rcrlionc inlerior porliion reveols ocertoin preoccupolion lo economize, lhough il nevergives up ils e egonce ond spotlo c orlty.Apporenty the buid ng fo ows lhe Fuchs v lo ine,though on o ower ond ess imcrg notrve eve .

Nevertheless, the l:roni focode composilion is

discrete y rich, obtcined through the projecting whilelorms ol mosonry ond the dcrk co oured profiiesresu l ng in o grophicol effect lhoi emphosise iheconlrost between vorious surfcces. Although lhe profl e design hos ils own crchitecluro molivolion lhclrenders c certo n classicctlity io the foccde, thehouse recol s Dcniel buiding l)926) or ChopierV i o (1929), cr typico nslonce of .lcnco s oeslheiicexpress on.

^^.

:a::i:

e**.d:ffi&&&m&*W::ar:i,--' - -- -

I l. SlrondulF.S.S.R.

I l. fhe P.omaniqnFederalion

ol SporlsSociety |R.F.S.S.,

Swimming pool

SoseoLro Kise eff, 3lcrrest.Pr.le.l cllc zolr:: nro 1929.

( selell Avenre Bri:ho esl.

Sliclng p--rmi: Moy l?29.

Conslruii penlru Federolio Socleici i Sp:'' ,:Romdne, spre limito de vesl o corlreru I rez cenliodln nordu orosu ui, ero cel mcr more slronC drnBucuresll, o oceo vreme.Anscmb u . in suprcfr:ld de 9.500 mp, cr fost pro eclolca o omp o compozif e cxlolc, de locturo ocodemicdr, o succesiune de spofii cu coroclere d verse,deflnite si desporfrte

.inlre ele prin diferitele corpuri de

od o, oi o -'oor p^ oga-Din picrielc de onoore dln folo inlrdrli, se occede prlnporlo u sugerol de lurnuri e ce se'inc id decsuprc cdouc mici povi one cu birouri core floncheozoinltcreo. Spctiu urmolor esle un porc cu pe uze srmelr ce. im lcl fronlo de pov ionu lnicr c clcdlrii mu tifuncliono e core grupeoza,.in iuru reslourcflu ui din

-.. -r. , , oco/ ,- o -, ^o oP o, ^ po. ^n spcrle e ocestul pcv l on se desfosocrro ncintcr pro

priu z sc cr slrcrrdu ui, cu plolcr si bczln de50x IOO m, 'inconlurol-r de vesliore grupole in8 oo. roo ^ po-e : ^oiCompozilio oxlc d se

.inchele crlci, pe porliunea lri-

lnghiu orcr de leren ccre urmeozd, desfosurondu seo omeno ore peisogerc moi liberd, denumitc inproiect "peluzo de gimnosticct".Arhileciuro c crdirl or propuse esle foorie simp c si

lrolold cu de icotete, intr un mbcj cu evidenle referic Artdeco, desfcsurclcr predominont peorizonlo d, cl excepl c occenle or verlicc e o epcvi ione or de pocrtc.Cecr mor modernd esle orh iecluro pcrvi iocne or devesticre, ce reprezinld o cmplo desfdsurore orizon-to d, o cdrei suprofoto esle crliculctd prin ritmu orgdesenol de inli e olbe ole sto pi or s p onsee orEsle un exempiu de cduiore esiel cdrezu lold exc usiv dln sub iniereo simo liolll e em-^nle or funciiono e si slrucluro e.

I wos bu t for the Romonron Federollon of Spc' ,

Sociely on lhe wesl edge of the norlh resideri:distrlct of the city crnd rl wos ihe orgest sw rrr.r - lpoo in Buchcrresl crl lhcl l me.Thls ensemb e lhol spons over 9,500 sq. m S

designed cs on oxic composil of in on cccde-- -

style ond contolns o ser es of spoces becr ::r -'

drlferent chorccter eoch, cnd being def nec :'sepcroled by vcr ous bur dings cnd ondscoc:orrongemenls.From the fronl o czc ihere opens on occess ,.'..:

thror.lgh the porlol suggeslive y oul ined by tcr =rls ng obove lwo smc i office povi ions ihoi f cr' .

enlronce. The next spoce is o pork with symr€-disp oyed owns, whose froni is bordered b;, - -neor pcvi ion of o mu li-purpose buiding. Tl-e , -

groups smcrl shops, cr coff-^e shop. o Coiry. cr-porlicos crround lhe reslcuronl occled on the: ,

The becrch r:nd the 50xlO0 m swimming pco .behlnd the pov on ond ore surrounded by o:- -rooms grouped in B pcrvi ions, groi.lnd f oor cr:upper f oorThe oxio composilion ends here, whi e on ;he

lriongu cr ground thcrl comes nexl lo il, lhe'e : -,

freer ondscope crrrongement, designcled in,l e

project drowings os "gymnosiics qround".'AO o. rrQ OO - ,/^.Ja .J.)^a

ond o de iccle opprooch, using Art deco refere --'told. lo.oro -. ap. g e ^.i o

of the goiewoy povi ionsThe ocler room povi rons oppeor lo be ihe 'rc.modern Their orge hor zonlc unfo ding is rh,v-. 'ccr iy orticuicrted by the while ines of lhe concre -=

slruclure. This is on obv ous exomp e of oeslh-.i :o, , ,L-^^oL o 'oid-^lpii,o'' ool o,d' o

ffi --r :.:ir

mk [tHNI/ UI[_ ]l_ jl :: : :_

p of d{r sillolie,/'s le ! on

Fiavi lo0f,- irl.ore,^flrofce povi ioIs

t\[]

Enllb

\J

f

ffiwffiffiJI .i.Ja I

iTffi.f,J *|'fs,riil

rffi nr-

tfr;t,iffi

12. Poldi Cho,pierHouse

nlror,-c Genero p-le:cl nr.21,

BeD - - ro o

D!b lciio ir Ccllrmlorcrli. o o.

loclinld rnllon. o ir,)

^.

oaBucfrqr--sj

Brriding ocrmil: Arcrst 929PL,b sheC lr Ccrtimporcrrrl

na.93 91 95 '9-?al

f)nefcnlv rrr:e q olrct iccr

12. Gssq Avoccr\u\ Po\di Chopier esie : :':-Poldi Chapier loncu din 1iceu, peroodo i. cr ,-

Sinbolul. Arhiteclu vcr r.tc c.rs-.,bi de opcrlomenle.in strodo D. O t-la'o6 r' -ob e.,er.Conslruilcr inlr-o zond cenlrold c Blcurest ului, pe oporce d odcrnco sl cu fronl ingust o sirodd, cosaChopier erc o loculnld uxuoosd, desfcsuroto pe treieloie, pcrrleru filnd ocupot de gorcri si servlciiCrgonizorec genero d o ccse, ccr si dispunereo

o.p^ o ol eo c p^ ^ po I o-od^,, d^,q . o o..^ . ot ^6. 6616.aporce e si cr regimu ri de oliniere c slrodcr si deooao Loc^ooo oo.Se compune, spre slrcrdd. din blroul ovocoiului cuo' rl^ordoo^ b.b.o^ d , ,,-p a onoodlo ,^d o ^o -a^o/o D^ '- loi,t opoo/oOor'oo - oorh^-c,nivel cu o specloculooso logg c cu Lum nolor s cdtevo incdperi secundore.Arh iectu o cdulol o cinumrld f uidliote o inlr-^or rl

c u por ^ apo,o o d '^ o. - ,o'o'.or o. .o,o^ o.o o -p, o6t \-o

pcnclri g rsafle. Lo execulio cosei. perel-^ edespcrrtilor dlntre birou 9i blb iotecc c fosl inloturot,os;fe irc0l conlinuiloleo spoliolct devine s mol evcenli.Asp,ecirl ce moi interesont rdmdne insd compozitode lotodo core pune I operd o serie de elemenle, m ioace ei D es ve de nolurl foorle d verse (schimbc e Ce moleric " sr probob si de cu ocre, demcrleo.o-oo.odooo o- , oar do o^p'o

nur or de zlddrie, decrosuri, micul sl lnutilu bc consem c indric, sublinierl o e g ofurllo'in onumile zone.etc.), oporenl ccrpricioose si nemol vcrle din punct de^d^.- o 'r.^ .or o. o oo. o - .i qo ^oglccr

.inlr o ev denld cdulo'e eslelicar neo-blsnult deliberc in orhiteclurd. pooie mci degrobo piciurolo, si

ccre scopd .incodrdr or sl islice uzucr e. Aceosld

modo iloie de obordore oorooie sl isllc cosoChcrpier de mobi u loncu si ie coscr Dcnie. dln1926

Po\di Chop\er, o \crwyer, wos Morce\ jor,c: - :

C. c ^ I.oq h96 -6r ,r^. oo' l^.-oo l-5 p[6, .-

d^ o ^o o, r .coo-l-r,o ,oi.o---o lo ^.6. o oc - o-5..^ - ott^, o ^ o li o o.t.ol o-o

Buchoresl. on o deep ond norrow porce , is cslorleC luxurious house, with o gcrcae ond se-.roo- o. '^go o oo.The overoL pion of lhe house crnd the occllor -

enlrof ce on the ong side fcclng o quite norrc'..crccess spcrce, ore bul inherenl effects of ihe sl:-',- -ond pos lion of the porcel^ Lo^ -, ,o, ,o ct: g,oo- o.c ,-

lo - le ..aa, A.:'6 ,.- oo, g^,o -cr g.-lowords the courtycrrd. The bedrooms ore locc'=-on the second {loor, ond on the third {loor ther: .

specloculor loggio with o sky ight ond some .-,ory rooms.The orchitect seeks for cr certoin fluidity of the : -ground floor spoce, the portitlon of vcrrous fu-- -

ol oreos being crch eved eiiher ihrough slight c ::=

ences if the floor eve or lhrough s idlng pone.When the house wos burt, the wo I belween ii^:study cnd lhe ibrcry wos e iminoted. whlch^LO -o 6.oOo o^tg!owev--r, the mosl inleresling ospect lies n thefcrccrde composit on thct puts nlo prcclrce vcr r - ,meons ond e emenis of expression (the chcnge -molerio s ond co ours perhops, the groduol Ce"-: -a /a a o 'rF o 6 a , a a l o o , ,

o^ol Po,^ o 'e -o o o aA o -ot ioi c ool o - o, o o oa^^l

^1 ,. ^,6,6,o6 ^ ) o^ .a o oorchileciuro viewpotnls they might ook somev,r-:r J ro' oll e o,o op o ol oq-.

oi ' o r rooo- a o pr ii.-.^o .,o oo. ,vl , o o p o o o o -o,oe oc^ o o o' ' ob^ rg. .

ol l - o 66, ^ -oio ^ op- -okln to the lcncu Bu ding ond the Dcniei Housele26)

p cn porl,-rrlir.olnd iioor p cr

!!ctttt{a;g!1t

t!!1t!{t

it,t'tIiiI,l

ti!IItI!iiIII!I

--

13. VilaBordeesnu

13. BordeeanvViIIo

Strodo lobtrint nr. I I B,

Buclresi demololiProiect ollorizcl e: I le 1930

Loculntd lnilom ioldporter si etcri.

ll8[obirtntStreet,Buchcresl demollshed

Bui ding perm t: July I 930.One lcmi y house, ground I oor

cnd upper I oor

Doic -olo 1-o o^oo -al :-:- ..- .. - +supropuse, vilcr se vo reo zo inir c, crn. c c ieriio,un oportamenl o porler sl cclmere de selr ciu oeloi, ocesteo din urmo fi nd exprimote destu deneuzuo in fotodo.Se evidentiozo inlre vllele timpurii ole lul MorcellOr , O a.lte O ' ;-'tO' tg'o . ,O OOo O .t)p trs odo fo ooo o-piet pl6r s ' ( o e o-1 a.lL

^r .rc lo aod^o ao ,io cr o o,,,d. ly, ! q,,'lelc^ gr ,1 e :ot orto d spO.,i-v O" a O." .O iecl lb ^ozcr : o oro s le r polo 6 -6,i re 6rr,^A'e' o oe da 'c \^ po a'e.olo. i oe l- o. iozoqoro o lc croelo o orole oa ograloraovolumului dinspre curie.Este de presupus ccr si gordu de lemn o fosl proieciol iol de Morcel oncLr.

p on porlerground lloor p on

Crigino Jy designed to conioin iwo superposed flots,il wos buih in o different rnonner, wllh one flotpo ^d o" tTe q o,rO r,oo w^ire € Joo^.r'oo,LoL ^o 'a -erv.ca oot.. ll ^'o e. o e e^o.es\-^oir rr ^ lo ooe r o e i'e r.r ot lor .rF'.

,lo 19 '-o'lo o \o^.iol Oo a o^toJ q ,or .ooorle- ri o o, ^-o .e i-not , o' r.-e llor .-or,foccde, where lhe orchiteci seems to hove qiven uo.l "-' ,p' ro rooloo - a tuo.-ntro.r/coIsplcuous rellef ls the enlronce meonl to counler-bo once the lcrrge window surfoce. I6is box likeoppeo o'' 6 i o' odi t^cr oy l^a 'e-ooo, o ireo a .ioo ro.odes o.ro ' a -oonenlJr',rn"il ,n-^.Ol ,-a -O. ; q .ta Or , ,O O.

]!" *ooo^' -e .e wo ob. oqsi6r^6 [,iV\orce lonco.

t4. ViIa FloricaGhihdesou

14. FloricaChihdescu ViIIa

Soseouo Kise efl nr. ,19,

Bucu r--sll

Proiecl oliorlzolie:inexislenl in orhive,

probobi construiln in l93OPub icoi in Contirtporanul

nr. 96 98, lcn 193 I

s in Architeclure d'oujourd'hui,nr 5/I934

locrinld rnifomi lo d luxuocsttporler etci si ierosd

omero o1d io ulllmr nive

49 Klse efi Avenre, BuchoreslBui ding perm t: not fornd in lheorchive records; probcbly bui t

in 1930.P!bllshed in Contrmporonu,l

no 96 98,.lcnuory l93lonC,r,4rcliiec/rre

clArlourC'lri Nt 5/ 1q34.One lom ,, rrrt'rls hcl:e:

grcrr:i :or' .pper icor,:.C -:r i rl. er.rae.

I

: tr | porter

r-rund lloor p on

. rn etoj

3oer f oor plon

Consirullo penlru fcmiLic de i:--:-o'lic rez der-:ol d^ r : . .:

pro eci srngu or.inire vilele l l"1:-:o^a.a,.i nodo^po- :.=c-antro.Plonu oprocpe po lodion orgcn zeozr spcri e lnir ore -oio.ggl ' ,1'1, o a -C c bo

ino iime. o dominonld cruce cu broie egole, in corenumoi spolli e odlocenle din ce e polru colturle\odoo. o toto oi o PO 'o g do -Lor pozi-,o ^ c ^ o r e,-c:o rT )oe ol -olo

do principclo, cornplet simetricd si neobisnuli de sto-

ticd. Desfosurorec conl nud o ferestrei in bondo peinlreogo ungime o folcdel nu foce decot so sub i

nieze ccesl corocter. Axioliloteo lnlelocrrdr copcrtorop-'i-ooocP-r 06 o.ri^.oo.r e op roi aoraoo. ioolees e o/o1,o"d'porter ('inchiso cu o singurd fooie de geom decrisio ), co si prin cmp crsoreo slolui semncldMlliio Potrcscu.Neosteplot folo de uzonfe e lectiei c osice, o cotecompozfio foce evidenl oluzle, oceosld simelrie nu

morcheczd rnlroreo, ci conlinuilcrleo spofio cr si

../ ooo'la-o r'po^o r pot:,z':-^oqodr,.i's,ao oooopos'e'ooo^ o orp^l d e'to.ec controzice simelric de bozo c compozif ei, intro-

ducond o orlicu olie de doud corpuri inego e: unu

mosiv sl copricios sjmeiric (ccrre corespundesufrogeriei si se pre ungesle pr n lerosd spre grooi o) olsl61 , , r pol go ol o.or ol do' r oscund (sugerond in mod fo s o coso c scori) si ccrelo o o .e pe Aopo pr 1 ro.e r ao o^orope J '''ppa'eDa,oo do o.-^ |,'^. p6l r.

folosirec unor elemenle de vocobu or slrdrne celuL

modern, cum or fi pergo o mediteroneeon-rusticd depesle lerosd, conferd ocestei folode un ospeclecLectic, si ln ocelosi limp moi domeslic.Ce e douo folcde olerole ou mc puiind persono i-

lole, e e focond o egolurd de o onumilo neulroliioteinire prime e doud. Compozilo lor esle mol ploto,losond so se delogeze co occente dispozitivul destulde e oborcrl o zonel de occes - pe folodc stongo- ovcrnd co pondont pe fofodo din drecpto -ro,elezro ol oi .oroo'o.Acecslo urlosd ferecslrd vitrou este o compoziiecomplexo de suprofefe rectcngu ore, orizonlo e si

vertico e. Texturc si grosimeo ochlurilor de stic o colorold voriozd, ior pe unele opcr grovole frogmenlede reprezentdri slilizcle sou de forme geomelrice,ostfe incot impresio generolc esle oceeo de co ci.

B-ii for the phormocist Chihoescu fcmily, ln iherorihern residenlio district of Buchoresi, ihis is c p:-iiculcr project omong Mcrce Jcrnco s vi lcs, moybebecouse it is o kind of modern exerclse on the cLo.

siccl vlL c theme, bosed on lhe cenlrol p cn.lls clmost pcrLodlcn p on orgcnizes ihe spoces or :bl-oriol symmelricol poitern, oround the doubleheight centrcrl holl, o dominonl cross with equcr

orms Only the odjocent spoces ct the four cotne':]o, c t, erooe tn l' e.lh co po i o' I ^[,^ '^6 ^ Pe ,o'Y or 'a o ],11^ ' c o-o. r' rol , 'o-' ftot, to odo. L.

'o'rr rro. bor oo'- owrdo*r-^ Iigo.' r'

who e ength of the focode emphosises this pecu :-1.1 . r'o o o.o p,ol- ^ p'e.^d r ^a o o:

o7 il e p o^ tio o 'ho.sr 61 ele t br -t ^

'./p a e e o.'ro oo p olr 16,19 ,v roo,v (o 'crysto sheel of wlndow pcne), ond fincly byMililo Potroscu's stotue.Oto,^po.--o1'ot'e o^lo^ o. ol'-,o.^di 'i.br drg re /r^olrrpoiterdo^not define ihe entronce; on lhe controry, rl oulline:h^ spo o ord /,. rol llowi g ot o , tr o- llo-e^ eno ,lom rne lro, to ll o oo ol Le Lo e.

The design of the bock fccode is uiterly diiiereniconlrodiciing the bosic symmelry of lhe composir rby the oriicu olion of two uneven bodles' o moss'. -ond rondom y symmeiric one lhcl corresponds ':the d n ng room ond extends ihrough the lerrocelowords the gorden ond o prolruding polygorcone, fc se y suggeslrng c slo rwe thcl opersview to the 1op floor so crium through lhe lrons

QO e^ / ol e ooo \F po opal Mo oo.^ 'l ^o'e orelero l ^o oeI oo Qh1 ol"'6'Lmodern voccbu ory, such os lhe rustlc

Mediterrcneon pergolo over lhe lerroce, rendei crother ec eclic ond domestic ospecl lo the focodeThe two lotero focodes hcve less personoli!, sir:=they on y connecl the first lwo ones n o neulromcrnner. The onLy occenls ihoi stond oul on these: -foccdes ore the refined enlrcnce devrce on the e.-

side ond the big stoined gloss window,on the right side.This huge window is composed of horizonlo cncverlicol reclongu or sur{cces. The lexture ond thlci.

ness of lhe stclned g oss pones vcry, cnd some c:rhem ore engrcrved wiih stylized figures or geoneliic shopes, which mo[es the whole composllron :vost co oge.

'au coIsltu e5 e penltu IUclcr so,c v d luxoosd inir o zonc cen

' o o35 o odo,.,go ',

dire oborolor pentru produse^- ouiorlzotie ccsd cle ier' .

e exemp e core s-cru pdsirot_ .t.. or(] Tnoorl cor n

'. r-:: .rcu, consld in puritoleo s

r jopos. d-to'odo.--='=l : o orticLr cre foorle dlscreto de

r : : ::r ce cu inirhiml diferite, unifrccle:---'l':r desenu .l generc rezullcnd

- : , , ' --ar redus de elemente, ce se:t-: :-:ieiee mor, pcne, ole

-: crezrnid modlficcri folo de

-:': ir scopul evrdent de o obline- -----:c'e spcfrc o si vrzuold, ctct pe

, a-.e'icoo.- :=.t:.:oro in principol pe nlve urile I

: - r' : --e- ocre sunt cenlro izote de un hol' ' : .: ::rd nrve uri, p osot in cenllu de

- i :, r- - -1. Scoro nlerioord, deschiso spre

= - ' .'a Ce un urios vilrou olb, dlvizcl con- :,- --'= oilogonole, in core suprofefe- - : rsoce o]coluiesc o compozite-:- ---l de ioblouri e ui Morcel loncu din

- - -l. :-t o goorcdolor .roor oo- A

'- : pOa O'd OO rA r r

-:=: :orslonl urmorito de inlegrore o-r:- -r e in crhil-^cirrrd.i:_ :l e in oTn leciuro.r rtrl'oioru ul, construitd moi i'irziu, este

::csebild clenlie crhilecturo d, dor fdrdr::.cd o cdulore p oslico deosebllo

,- . c odlrii este o e egonld crlicu cre dintre.: '.o o corpului de lnlrore si corpul

: -, jereslTe in bondo o oborotoore or

.iorce Jonco buit o luxury vi lo in o ceniroe ci! for one of hls reloilves, Pcu llulo, o

:,. ln 1935 he cdded o bockycrd lcrboro-- ::crmoceulicol products, eniered cs "work-:.lse' in lhe building permit.

: ros been we I preserved ond no c ter:-e operoted, which is so rore o ccrse

: construclions.-c lty of this house, os compcrred io his for:cis, les in the reciongulor purity cnd cuslericcode. lts volumelr c pcitern suggesls c

:illcu olron of orlhogonc volumes of dlffer-ris, crnd yei united ct the ground f oor level: iy of elements, cut out of the orge flcrt

cf the fcrcode, speoks for lhe overool the design.

d'ng shows certoin o tercllons os compored- ilo proiect, which were meonl lo obiojn ver-: horlzonlol v suo ond spotiol communicc

'.'e rng itseLf disp cys on the flrst ond second',,hereos lhe inlerlor spoces ore orlicu oled: ihe twoJoor hlgh distrlbuiion hol ploced ln

rvily centre of the p on. The inlerior stoirccse

-rens lo the ho I is it by c wh te stc ned g css,., divided occording to o reciongu or cublsl

o^ po'-d oI lro' po el o o opoqLe,:J reco ling Morce .lcrnco's polnlings of thol

-a 9t / o.o, doc o fo

' d le ol,o d". q.ed le rbL'- f.r'i- "

fol owing his steody concern obout the niegroiionof opp red orts n orchLiecture.The loborciory bui dlng wos bullt crter, ond ospeciol ollention wos given to it, though the orchilectwos not so much concerned oboul speciol orlisiiceffects. The compositron of the bui ding shows one egoni crtlcu olion between lhe verticol volume ofihe enironce body ond ihe horizonio one wilh lls

oborolory rlbbon windows

15. YiIa PauI lluldsi laboratorsl

15. Paul llvldvillq wilh labo-t.'lotY

Slicdo Oor rr 23, BlcuresiiProi--cl cutor zci e: morile l9-? I

vl o; 935 cboroloruLocuinlo unlfoml lo ar, porter

sl 2 eto e, u timul nivel porlio

9i Loborolor. parler :i 2 etoie

23 Ocrl Steel Buchoresl.

Building permii: vl o, MorchI 93 I ; oboiotory, 1935OneJomi y house, ground I ooro rC 2 upper floors, ond porlicL

lcp f oor, grornd llcor ond

2 rpper f oor loborolory.

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li

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t:tilF

iI

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p of 3otrer/igroun.l i.:

p .rr elci/lpper f ccr tr

Lcborclorl :/.obcrot:-.loiodri spre slrodd

sireel ioccde

.::

,ra

i:ljil]|lil:ail'1r,,r,. 'i., ,1 : rl

a.ll:r;lrll:alrt,,li::':::rr.irrrilriili.:itlilli:l:lritrt:irl.:t:lrt:,: i

iiiilllli,ilii i.i,ill: tri.t:;.iit!lriti, tiu rrt.{1.

rlilliilllilrlll!,,.,,\1,;iililli'::.iaiSil**ll

16. lmobilvl Claralrrncv

16. Glara lancuBuilding

Slrodo Coimotei nr 20,Bucu resli.

Proiecl oulor zctle: mci 193 LPub icot in Conlinporonul

nr. lA2/1932mobl de oportomente, porler sl

4 etoie.

20 Colmolei Slreet, Buchorest.

Bui ding perm t Moy 1931

Pub ished tn Contimporanulno 1a2/1932

B ock of I ots; ground lloor ond4 upper floors.

Construil pe nume e soliei scle, pe c s--rtra - :a ''zono centro d c orosului, imobi u o l:osr i:c--c, ceLoncu. Fomilio vo si ocul oici incepdnd din 93 I

Tot oici se oflo, probobi o ultimul n:el, Biroul deStudii Moderne cl frolilor loncu.Conllne certe un oporlomenl pe freccre etoj, porterul

J5o r1g opol - ;.rd o 'pc de goroie s serv.c .

Conslruii pe o porcelo inguslo si olipii lo consfruciiilevecine, loate occese e se foc prin fofodc prlncipolo;de oceec, porterul este iratoi co un soc u cu o suildde usi, in core occesul principo se delogeozo discrei, pus in voloore mol o es prin compozilio ploslicd c eto jeLor superioore.Acest lmobi este mci oles un studiu de folodo, oorecum pe inio deschiso de vi o Fuchs. Fo osirec dee emenle exclusiv orlogoncle ;i p ote creeozd oopcrrenfo de rigidltote, core esie conlrozisd insd,otot de dinomismu cct 9i de scu plurolltoleo com-pozifiei. Dinomico esle crectd de dep osoreo peinoliime o ce or doucr registre verlicoLe 9i de csime-trio orllcu drii lor prin poropefii bolcoone or.Scu pturclilcrleo esle obfinulo prin grodcrreo peodor ci"re cr d fe i ^ o prolo'e dec-oso-e d rp,or-l lo od^. lr p' . del tote-eo ', o, r ro A'eo'-OOrr lOITpO e dl pO'lrl ,e lO A C)5 pe5leccrre se supropun elemenle]e decrogole, creeozd un

efect de rnore comp exiiole.

t wos built for his wlfe in o smolL streel in cenlroBuchoresf, ond finonced by Jcnco hlmse f. SinceI 93 I the.loncos ived lhere ond the Brothers

Jonco s Cffice for Modern Sfudies wos proboblyocoled on the top f oor.There ls one flot on eoch fLoor, on the ground floc'

slightly sunken there ore goroges ond servicerooms. BuiJt on cr noTrow porce ond oiioched to i-=neighbouring buildings, ii con be cccessed onlylhrough the front focode; thol is why the ground f c:ooks ike o bose course wilh o series of doors,omong which lhe moin froni door is discretelymorked by ihe composition of the upper f oors.This house is mcrinly o focode siudy, somehow o.the llne iniiioied by the Fuchs Vi lo. The o mosi excslve use ol reclongulor ond f oi elemenls crectes :-opporeni siiffness, which ls on y conlrodicted by ---dynomism cnd scu pturo design of the composii',:-itse f. The dynomism of the buiding issues from th=

verticol shlft of the iwo vertico regisiers cnd frontheir osymmeiricol jolnt through lhe bo cony porc-pets The sculpled design is obtoined by the grcc- -recess of vcrious pro jecting oreos jn the fcccdeplone. Moreover, lhe smooth ond occuroletreotment of lhe corpenlry work in the mosl Teces::lplone, overlopped by the projecting e ements,crecies o complex effect.

ft

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17. ViIa Pll,ulWexIer

17. Psvl WexlerViIIa

Slrodo Gr gore Moronr.36, Buclrestl.

Proiecl o!lo lzolieluni-^ I 93 I

Prb icoid in Cont'inporanulnr. I 02. cn I 932 :l in

A b-.rlc Sorloris

G ! i E le ne I ti clell' o rch iteltL: rc:

rolioncle Micno 1932.Locrintir lnlfoml o d,

porler sl 2 eioie

36 Grigcre Morc, Buchor,-si3uiCrng permil: lune 193 I

Pub sieC ln Conlimporonu/lc. 02 lrruo,y 1932;

-: : -t[] : L-rrL-erre/t/l:rr i :-iialiirra,?olicncie,

irri:ro, I 932.', : I - -: :: liolld.coT

::--pcerfcors.

Corr rO p-^i1 o io . :.,a.a ^/l^.,16 6^ ^ . : : ..

preznld o dlsiributie lnteroc a;-:'.'- - --- ia .Jspotil e diurne cornun conle. cL Eo 3es:e I zcrd clo. r.i roro^-orogc,l::o : o r

o u limu nive .

I ^,tro' r' oo.^ rot oooopa op olo,oa ^1o' de zdo ^ rp'. cro o o ^ a

mosrvilole.Fclcrdo princlpcrld exprimo destu de c or disirlbutioinlerioord. Esle o orllcu otie prin controsl o douc70-t^. o^ de o oo 'e o o oto oo-"r . o -o o- p ,1

i ore o do.. poozo fo'or ^ o .6;-o1o161 o trcosei scorii, p" de oltO porle, regrstru vertico ce sed- ,o.oo,o oa. ^ 1.o e ^ oge; ^ \e. O

corui coll se demoleriolizeozar lreplal pona cr

oggicr lerosei.

-^t.l.c, ^^'op ooroi o^cr'o ooofosl c eo.o de oncu penlru o fi pub iccto in ucrorecrd-Or .oo O^,opacl oo SO'O.o^oi OOorhilecturii moderne

t wcs buit for o wel to do fom ly in the new- o- liol d r.l ^.o 1oeoo 't-e ,,

O OO i..lio O 1ar O' pO aO.-r

"l orra o 9.'g poesooqe.ooo.t oo.a orotaoo- -o o'o-loooq :

den-i-^rroce of d some odditionol rooms,on the top floor.l^ b' d '9

- ^l o ploi .ol ,^16 o'r o\ o :L- Iooe tu oc,6 ool o'-o.o^/ll o'

on overo I mcssive chorocler on the bLrildinoa^ot o,OO-,ao 600 ll - Ie o pC-lc r'o o't-oi.^o JOonolwoo

ll eor ^ ooOoe.oio o^po tlo..l^ ,. do,v o-' e ro r 'oo'"r5 o^o ^a . oopen, whie on lhe other hond, lhere is ihe ve-' -regrsler thot unfolds over lhe enlronce, wiih its\ .tor 'r^ Q a ^. LO- O'OO O / O.TO alono o. a tr oc6 oqq cl.

Significont y, Jcnco hims-e f chose this dwe iinc -^o.^ p o' t^o to o.oI ^006 o 'r .

o mcrior Europeon reference book in orchrlec- =

^^.p on porter/ground I oor plon plo elo upper f ro' p cn

"rI

I

&.) ...-*i,fl i*Ag, ;{#, _g

9r

18. YiIatean tvster

18. Jean tvsletViIIa

traoo ) \,e Ir nr I I \t tlBrcuresli

Piolecl o!lorlzolie:seplembrie 193 I

locu niil rrlfoml io o, porler sl

3 etole. r i m! flv-^ pcrllo

5t.,i75i Si veslrr St eei,3rchoresl.

Blid ng permlt:

Sepiember I 93 I

Ore fcmi y hous--. grourd f oorord 3 rpper ioors

porlio lcr f ocr.

Conslrultd pentru bonche:, , -: :- -- - - - -ltrr'oro e ^olo . o

.r p ', pol :'

d^ 9o o,o oa^ ^ d^ ^comere de serviciu si de un so criu aL..l Cc;cr e t.Ce e douo n velur p inc po e .omLjnicar pr'nir un gopo ^ or od-o o.olol Vo ^ o opro eclot peniru if lerior vltrourl cubisle, mobi rer,

lompi 9i o op col scheme de cu oore. oso cum odovedesc fotogrofir e de epocd gcsiteCoso ore o formd focrte simplo, exceplie focandoturcr dlnspre slrodd, core prezinl-r o compoziliecomp exd de more sculpturcr ioie.Penlru prmo oord, Morce cncu expr md scorcrprincipc c in fcrlodc, prinir un volurn cilindric crvclrsol,conferlndu-i oslfe un ro esentict in compozii e.\o r' I o oroa-p. o o i. o r o.' o. 'o'odoi -"lod- o o oi !- r re ,ede crdcrncime prin mor suprcfeie plone de p inurisou go uri, decupole si decrosole in diferite feluriArl cu orec dinlre ccesle e]emenle mo jore se focesl prin p onuri e bo coone or, dor moi o es princoperlifo so]oru ul. Aceostcr esle elemenlu ce rnoiobi si moi speclocu os o cornpoziliei, peniru cd,desi foorte deliccrta in roporl cu ce e o le elemenie si

deoolc06.ortr o, 6 6-porooo.oelemeniu ce mai uniflccrtor ln p us rchimbo cenlrude greutole o compozii ei, demoterio lzeczd cumvozono de orticulotie, imprimcnd osifel fotodei ocnumiid sup ele. Firrd ccecsld coperlin-r, vo umuliod o oporFogreo ^eo ^ 6' 16'f^1 a -o

do,-d p ' lo.oo60.op- i^ o poculrem!rLr dtn 1977

Th s vll o wcrs buill for Jeon.Jusler, o bonker. l' -.entrc oreo of Buchcrrest, of d lt ls lndeed o ,ous dwelling. ll spcns over ihe lirsl ond secc' :; :

while the ground lloor houses goroges ond c -es. On the top f oor lhere ore lhe socrium r,^" ",oo o,-q p^- od or^ - .eoo

two moin floors communiccrle throuoh o volc .: -

lhot strelches over lhe occess oreo "of rhe hcMorce Jonco designed cubist stoineC g oss ',

dows, pieces of furnilure, crnd crmps for the -decorol on and opp ed cericin co our scl'e'-::fhe period photogrophs show iiThe house is simply shoped, except ng the fror :--:

,whlch disp oys o comp ex scu pturo compos l:'For the flrst lime, .]cnco deslgned ihe mc r sir .nlr ^io.od^b.^r-po,9opro o :

d,a,o ^oll o-pO, O,a.^ o a^/.composil on.-h^ ooo d oroo ,o 1eol re oconircsls wrth the rest of the foccde, which i:mo ded ln severo evels of deolhs oblolnec '

o., I I rapo. o ooa ro o,o o ^

L o o po^ rad - c'o - :

These mojor elemenls ore orlicu cled ihro.rc'poropets of the ba conies, ond especic y '--- ,,the ccrnopy of the solorium ln focl, this :s iF:skilulondstunningeffeclofihecompos'c-quite de icoie os lo lhe olher e emerls cf C

seporoied from the slcircose vo urne; neve " - .i

lorms lhe mcrjor unifying e emef i. MoTeo'relhe grovity cenire of the compos i on, crnc :: -demoier o rzes the orliculotion creo ihus r:. :ood'oo.q a pp.B o,l :

whole vo ume wou d be oult-^ mcssive '.^,,- --

'oia, .ot](]6 eoo - .^oo-.rog-lo'o ^oril q oL ^ nl-. ^c 06

I rr Iorltr gr I nd llor f]Jr

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li

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@sg{ * s1,*itit{}t.,

wtil$s$w,r:

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G--.,9%rirti!'A Wl.it*€t*sffi

-hls bu lding, desrgned for Morce lonco's broiher

' o^ J. to r e e. Ao or o 1oro,v oro d-epol -," il oc.) e1,.c. looo^s-^e^^g.bo rqb,id rgs f,o o o o" 1-^ ql - do o^ rq o,ilt o1

Jo"ooo.tseer loi -^oor ,d"b,dro*obui t by Mcrrcel .Jcrnco os well, thouqh no

"iiden."hos boen found yei\e s l rlol fon iy vod or ll ^ r' lloo ,v'i^

Jonco s sludio wos on ihe ground f oor. Accordlnqo o^te o | ' or 'e-r po o F5 -tr o le.- or,le -ol 5 6r t-1 f'sl w6 e co\at^o w tl- I F., oe5ond the furniture, mostly buillin, wcs designed bycnco hims-^ f

ih" fino foccrde ooked entirely different from theone proposed in his proiect, ond indeed for moreinieresling thon ihe oller os concerf s lhe crestheticlreolmenl The composition of the front fcccde isyo 1 s, 9]o a \o ito'-o o jcp oy ot porcpol. cl.6' po^d wi^do r *h ore sioed o', fe76 r poq 16

e -.ol ,o9 . o . d tlerer y ,eo-ecr. Ov^ .i v^ Iao to^ oo.i orol poliarn h^ ot('l ^ | opp i^ovcrious iypes of profiles thot bring in on odditionogrcrphic element ond enhonce ils comp exiiy

p of eloi cureflupperfoorpon

19. lmohilvltacqves Costin

19. Jacques GoslinBuilding

Strcdo Po eo ogu nr 5,Blcu resil.

Proiecl oulorizoliefebruorie I 933

lmobl de oporlomenle,porler si 3 etole.

5 Po eo ogu Slreel, Buchorest

Bul dinq permit:

Fel:,ruory '1

933.B ock of f ots, grornd lloor ond

3 upper I oors.

lmobi ul esie conslruit pentru frotele solrei lui Morcellor ] (o r oa o oo.^Jo r9.ls'o 1i ooor odt.or'.' ocl'.1 eopi'oo oo ave 1aimobilul din dreoptc fiind construit tot deMorce cncu, ior imobi u din sldngo probobilloi de e , desr nu exisidr incd o dovbdd cerloo oceslui fopl.Arhitectul o locuit cu fomi io scr in cportcrmenlul de loetoiul 1 si toi oici, cr porler, o ovul si olelierul Polrlvltunor ominliri ole coniemporctni or, clparlomenluoveo peretri ocoperili cu fresce, ior mobilieru - inI O O O-e I ostrO it oeroto a O p.O a. 'O-

tot de loncu.Fcrtodo conslruito este totol diferito de folodo dinproiectu de ouiorizolie si mull mol inlerescnid cop ostico decerl oceoslo. Este o primo vedere o com-oo,r' o'oc ^:i-p,o oq -,6^lep, go'I6o z otizot ro e .. oo o'o oe oo o eQ..l c r^-co e inegole si diferit lrolole. Pesle oceosicr lromdcompoziliono o foorle c crd orhilectul cpiicO diverserio .deoora o'i -o,-d-OodA rr ol^ ro.o,

p, er o' (, .o^aro o toi toe, o-pa. to6

I

;',,";,t 'l , '.j, 'l .., I ilr:_*^ iu ll O - ! I ^, c:as!-sR ;.- ! o.- o E r{ a -ol =-6 = a o I ).Q''o;oPo o4

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= 6 -IYoQoo o=6oqi;-'D ==a o o oo c - -

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21. Inslitvlul deClimlrto-lerapie

Bvcegi

21. fhe BucegiSlrnitrrrivm

.O-CD OO- D^O^O.

. O z ;AD b o aoo o ) '

Gli Eiernenl clell archieturaftrtztcrtale M cno l94l

ooo o lo'

z j^po

oo-oo.B Q:4

D I I lL^O j,O

G1i Fienenii cieil Atchiietitro-,/ rO I

S:ri rt rm LL d ng grolnd'I

' :i .]l-oen

:t--:' a at eic curenl

lcind ioor pcr,rpperfoorpcn

Conslruii de doctorl L C:-:-:H. Teodorecrnu, longa Predec ''"' . .. ,- ' ,a la67 m c tiludine, esle L.rf l d nire piile e

o. .aoapoor o. M. ooppo' 6^,1rr ^odo ^O.r o^t-'t 5 O c6 .o $16.1^,

.lonco lo design o scrnilarium bui ding neor Predecrl,in c mounlorn vo ey, ot )a67 n o litude This wosomong the firsl privcrte eslob lshments for lunqd'o.e ^ 1Po'roro.D, ^ o ae e.)i ,eod,^ , g o-,o-tr cr'.o -ro,l -o.r.r or drQ.B^ o tg o"ro g .o oooo-aq,p-a /-buildrng disploys o c eor funclionol orgcrnizolion Onthe ground floor, the enircrnce orea slcrnds betweenlhe treclmenl oreos ond doclors f ois on one s deond the pcrtlerls recreolion oreos (i e. the mulil functlono room wilh clnemo foci ilies, music room, smo[<ing orec, d ning room connecled to the [.itchen) Cnthe llrst ond second floors the crchileci o ocedseverc words ocening of lo lerroces, o so orium,o d ^r ^ oo- --" pp-',o lloo poooo,Lo, ^d L^oo-i.i orio o ceThe bui ding ooks like o ong ond ncrrrow s crb,o^ ,g .hopo 6 L^ plor r ^- . o'go 70 o.l olo ro'tloo osirp^ o,,rlooool(oiaslrung of the soulhern side, whie lhe norlhern srde is

porlio y occupied by servrces ond lhree esserequipped doub e rooms, ond one toilel This monolony is s[.i lfu y broken in lhe cenlro orecr, generoling

sonoiorii privole dif Romctnio penlru lrclorec bo orpulmonore. Dotorito pub c totii core i s o focul inpreso vremii, esle pooie ceo moi cunosculd c ddlrede Mcrrce oncu.Avond un slondord ridicct de dotore, clddireo ore oorgonizore funclionc d focrle c clrar: o porler, spoiii e de irclomeni si de cozctre o doctori or, seporolea 7at C; o l^ 661 J^ po al -

loo poi rliool 'ob' od"po^cinemotogrcrfico, so c de muzicd, fumooru s

sufrogeno egotcl de zono bucdldrii or), c etcieleI si 2, comere e de cozore c! ierose, so oriucomun si servic ile de eto j, u iimu nivel fiind probobilloto ocupcrl de servlcli.' ooi coe.tao o'ro o o ,.roo cr oF o.toesle dele mincricr de orgonizcrreo plon melrico o elo-

lului curent, un simp u lrocl, in ccre comere e de un

pol sunt .insiruile pe oturo sudicd, aluro de nord

fiind ocupolo porfrol de servicii si de lrer ccmere mcimodesle de douo poluri, cu grup sonilcrr comun.Monolonio desfosurorii lomei esle'inirerupid cuobi itote in zono cenlra d, rezu lond douo oripi ugor

3I.r .t lnir .i ;.".: 1.. . r':

?+"--L--T- ":r I lt..,. I I rlr.,u -'-lLla t'ir'l I I

decolote in luru orl cu otie curbe pe core oconstituie soloriu comun, oslfel incoi plonu copotcvorrelcte sr o crnumitd mISCOre. Aceoslo esleoccenluold si de dispunereo ob ico o corf ere or, ocdror lercse copleozd oslfel umino de sud-esl.vo I lOC Opolo o -^ O Og I a.tio 6 O ta O

uniliccrio prin plosiico qef ero d, core folosesle foorieput ne elemente. ce e douo reg slre pulernic vibroieo e eicrie or de cozore sunt.incodrole de benzi ec be moi mcsive o e porleru ui s u iimu ui nive.Durilcrtec ortogonclltotil este imblonzlto de curburilecollurilor si so oriului cenircr , si de de iccleleo profi-oturii pcrropelilor de o etcjele I si 2.n genero plcsiico vo umeiricd o c odirii neoqd

orice ogresivilole, ceeo ce fcce co moderniloieo eiob o o o ^ilFgre.o .g'rgo.ie ' p^r oMorce oncu s o ocupol in delc iu st de proieclcrecinlerocrre or. Mobi reru meto]ic, cromclrccr pereti or,pordoselie cu ino eum, simpliiotecr deto iilor din elcr

ie e de ccrzore sunl un monlfesl o rgienismului, in.a e.a OO'6.O^ r^dr pO ^ . ^OOOOAoo .d^o-l ^ o^.'too-^.oo o., d;oo.^o e vll-^ or scle

two slightly uf even wings oround lhe curvinq ort cuo o ol ro oo 1 nrqco.eol plo b^rqoi . ar .o-te \ o' ^lr o-o o /t o- . I lao- J-d '

emphosised by the ob que positioning of the roomsIol e o. 'r- oJ'[ -po.i ,lg'Lll^'olroo l^bLidroo ou e oo\cree^obooeo roona ro-o 'ro or),.r^qa6 ,-oihe overo oesihetic expresslon, which, in foct, usesor y o reduced ronge of e emenls: the Mo powerfu, . b o od o*. oi 16 or.o-aooo-o- oor.

o d"do) ow'ioo dro. r-..ipe o rogor o oo'oooproo. r^..i 1a.)o a

reclongulor shope is tcmed by the curved cornerscnd solorium ine, os we I os by the de icoie poropetpol^o tl -l or o.d o.ro oo.On the who e, lhe volumetr c oesthetics of the buidingdenies ony klnd of oggressiveness, he ping the obstrottmodernily nlegrote smooth y inlo ihe londsccpe.Morce Jcrnco wos deeply invoved in lhe inlerlordesign of the buldinq os we The meio furnilure,lhe chromolics of the wo s, the ino eum flooring, theslmplicity of deslqn deloi s for the crccommodotionfloor come up crs o qef uine mofifeslo of hvolenism

d*{&rJ[\Su

22. lmobilulSoIIy Gold

22. SoIIy GoIdBuilding

Brievcrrdu Domnit-.] nr. 34{Hrislo Botev nr. 381 Brcrrest .

Pro ecl culorizclle:morl e 1934.

mo[, Ce oportomente,porler :1 3 -.ioie.

34 Domnitel Borlevord (38

Hrislo Soiev Slreet), Brchorest.

Bu ding permit: Mcrch 1934.BLocl ol lLotsr grornd I oor cnd

3 rpper f ocr:.

Esle un mic lmobi de rcporl ioc-'= -r,:: --po- opo o^er 6do-o.^ ci- r^: - lo inierseclie de strozi in ceniru nequsio'es.o Bucuresliu ui.

Formo 'in plon o imobi u ui esle un pentogonneregu oi, cu trei oluri crliniole lc slrcdc, crportcmenle e orgonizOndu's-^ in iuru scorii principo e,

plosctd cenlro . Accesu .in imobl , inilicr pe uno

dintre ioturlle dinspre strodo, esle p osoi pe loturodin dreopto.Aportomenie e sunt obil stdponlte, dcr, ccr si in o tecozuri, formo neconvenliono d o unor incoperi porernoi degrobo rezu lclul conslrdngerilor exierioore,decot o unor cdutdri spollo e in sine. Cel mcri

inlerescnl esle oporiomeniul cu gol pe doud nive uri,

de o eioiu 2. Esie singurul proieci'in ccre MorceLoncu inceorcd sd reollzeze o cornerd de zi cu'pO O O \ a-'ttrO O, oao I ' 5nOO Ol r OOotri'Oli .

iloolo.oleo o od o ^ lo ^ o. ^ 6^ gor i

cu dubLo 'incr time e e se gdsesc peste holude reporiiiie.ln ceeo ce priveste p crsiico exterioord, volumulc odirli se dezvoltd in mod neoqleptct otot pe verlicold, cot si in porcurgerecr fotode or.Descompunerec vo umeiricd esie foorie evidenio,privito dinspre intersectie. pleccnd de o convexi-tolec neledo o porteru ul, fotodo este ostfe modeoio incot se desfoce 'intr o crliculore de vo umeinego e, core creeozdr o concovilote pulernicd, inccre pore sdpcid leroso de pesle eto u 2.Pe de olto porle, priviio dlnspre dreoptcr, clodireooferd un spectocol crhileclurcr cubist, recicngu or, incore pcropeii despringi din e emenlu 'in porle c fcuxies

.in conso e indrdznete peste introreo in curte.

Nlmic nu loso so se intrevcdd fe u 'in ccre oceslllmbol oprocpe brutolisl se ironsformd inlr-o vibrcfiede occenle verllcc e pe o more suprofoio oorbo, .in

folodo din stongo Astfel, folodo de co I devineelementul mojor de ortrculclie dintre douo folodecomp el diferite co trotore. E e se crlicu eczo oldiprin.inirepotrundere, in spolrul conccvitolii de oulllmul nive, ccrt si prin unificore pe orizontc d,

.in

ccre poropeiir continui oL ce or douo bo cooneioocc un ro foorle importont.Aceosto c cdire pore sd reprez nte o siniezir dinlrece e doud linil compozliono e deschise de mobiluloncu (1 926) ei de vilo Fuchs 1927) Este probobice mol speclocu os imobi proreclol de Morceioncu, 'imbindnd o orgonicilote de iip expres onist cu

e emenle de fociuro cubisicr.

I ls o smo crnd luxurious tenemeni house wilh fourf ots of differeni sizes, ocoled in the commerciolcenire of Buchoresi.The shcpe of lhe house is on irregu or pentcrgon,wilh ihree of its sldes lned to the slreels; lhe flcrts orep cced oround ihe moin cenlro slcrircose. nltiol y,the bui drng enlronce wos on one of ils streei sides,while now il con be occessed on y through its righiside, from the courlyord.However, lhe u ilmole resu t beors such o powerfulsculplurcrl effect, being so sk lfuly mosiered, thcrt ihelniilol moiivoilon becomes irre evonl. The mosl inier-esting f ct is the one on lhe second floor, with doub e height void spcrce t wos the on y prolecl whereMcrcel .lcnco wcnted lo creote o ving room wilh cgo lery, on oltribute of modernily ol thot time.Wherever he designed such doub e height voidspoces he pLoced lhem obove the distribution ho I

As concerns lhe ceslhelics of the exlerior, the bui ding volume deve ops unexpecled y both verticoLyond o ong the focodes. The volumelric decomposition becomes obvrous from ihe street crossing.Storting wlth the smoolh convex form of the groundfloor, the focode unfo ds its orlicu olion of unequovolumes, generol ng o powerfu ho ow spoce,where ihe terroce obove lhe second f oor seems iobe ccrrved.Cn the other hond, il you look crt ii from lhe rightside, the buiding reveols o cubisi, reciongulor orchi'lecture, where lhe poropels generoied by the pro

iecting bor spring oulwcrd on bo d conlilevers overthe courtyord enlronce. There is no hlnt thot wouldmoke one perceive how this c mosl brutc anguogeshifts to c vibroiion of verlrco occenls spreodingover o wide biind surfoce on the efl focode. Thuslhe corner foccrde becom-^s lhe molor crticuloilone emef l belween iwo comp eie y different focodesThese do not on y penelroie eoch olher rn lheho low spcrce on the top f oor, but cr so horizoniolymerge w th lhe continued poropel lne of lhe lwobo conies, which p cy on imporioni ro e.

This bui dlng seems lo be c synihesis of lwo composillono direcllons, originc ly explored in ihe.loncoBui ding 11926) ond the Fuchs Vil o l)927).lt ts

probcbly ihe most spectccu or bui ding thot Joncoever designed, since he loined expressionistorgonic iy ond cublst e emenls.

,t :,{:,r;:r-$:;g:;1{'n,:!!

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- . r rlegu5tolecls(clc ooo oopo^'o

- -: ^-c r imobi conslruil de'cncu gi ser t- :-c d c modelnismu ul

o 66.^ fi^ 6s ooa - .a'cL, un singur occes principc; . -: i de serviciu, comune penlru

= - -= ::cr suni oclrecum grupale gi

- , -:t ce L.rmifd. Etoiul curent'''a - oOO.o -dpo

,, ,.:c rC o crnumiid grilcr de- r ,: r- , L, . ir resl, oportimenlele nu- :,---r:Joo'e de modernlze(e, e e

--: ---l a cr octlrii bucureslene cu ho' : :. - i re um ncl direcl.

r ' 'rcusld dlnspre plclet- cre o

:. Esie soluiionold osemdndior cu' OO ^ \ i

,: -- rcrle o lour mcrcol de un fe]':- -r- dir core pornesc orizonlo e e

- Oa' 6 ,e,r ^r -': ,d or^^ o o po i

= -: :'rde si ctsigurctnd conlinuitole-. r | - ^ - , I O O o o O'o - o ^,o' .od^)poloo eo,/oo::: Pr6f i-

- r-s is ocoled in lhe o d commercic- , '. :ccirg the slr,^--l ond o smol round

: 'o est bui d ng built by.lcnco. cndr,- r-gs lo lhe generc ine foi owed by=, rcderlism.,:: of tvr'o unrls, hoving their own mcrn

- -L- blt on y one moin enlronce cnd. : j: sicircose shored by both unils. The

-r::s .r'e somehow qrouped ond orjenled- : i cf lght The cuient ioo, of ecrch unit

.. - - .is ond o studloJ ol, proving cr cerloinor - a.o'ol . o,d o go '/ata.I A^ ^\a OO Or .OA

- -,-rllion ol o for modernizolion; tnsteod'--a oco troditron of on indirectly lit distri

,.. cr,d ncrrrow focode overlooklng lhe. o d, o^ , rrorr, \^oLo-ood- o^g,^o,,.i rol t.o .r p o.^ o oo .t o ao

.d .o.r- rl o go.e.o ^ -t ^ 10..: : o a o o g o or, r-n' ,pal

: g \^ d-lo oo^o ^at .

:, I r cof linuity ond discrete inierp cy of-e depths The oesihetic tnterest ol this

TFOOOoOo:O'r,o.,,^rl ^po o.opp,-o.

p or etol .lreilrpperloor por

23. lmobilulFrida Cohen

23. Frida CohenBuilding

Slrrdr Ste eo Siirtcrunr l/, Buclresl.Prol--cl c!lorizci e:

mci I 935ln,ooli Ce oporicnerte porler:l7 eltle t li'ne e doud n ye url

r--l c:-^.

l/ Sie --c Spotcrl Strr:eiBuclro ic:'Brid rg permll: Moy 9353 oc ol icts: grcurd Ioc cnd/ ,p

"t l.ors; the lost lwo

i rl : r,e reeeqser]

*

24. lmobilulAlexrrndrescv

24. AlexandrescvBuilding

Strodo Tro or rrr. I /9 Bucuresl.Prole.i oulorizolle:

moi I 935.mobi de opcitomerle, porler s

2 etcle, pesle demiso

cu oorole

I /9 Trcicn Sireel Buchoresl.

Bui d ng perm t: Mcy '1 935.B ccl of flols' ground f cor onC

2 uprer focrs, qcrcoes ir ihe

seml bosemenl.

Morce oncu o primlt probc. tr::l: l:r--l-:opi o^tro.1 ,Mi ^o' O,^ r:'-- : -i e

Aexondrescu, pe core i curoslec.Conslruil intr o zond veche cenlro d c orcsr ui, este

un nilc imobll de ropo* cu coie un oporiamenluxos pe n vel.Se inscrle pe n o mlcllor lmobile pro ecioie in cr

douc lumclote o oni or '30, cu fcrlodo .ingust-r

din-spre strodo foorle simp dr si o o scord domeslicd.Desfdsuroreo ungo dlnspre curie esle moi.pe ro .locr o. o-. 'o o o ro p o ^ lq6 'lri ^)i^9 rlo ^11 P^rooooP r polo llo^^o,'o,or oot ^- d- Lo ^s-€' I ,l plo.ola T 'o1 ooo exlremiloiec stongo o c odlrii s core constiluiee ementul de orticu ore cu folodo oiero d.

Morce .lonco wos proboby commissioned b.Mirceo F iode, whom he knew, to design lhis -

for his sisler, Mrs. A exondrescu.Thls tenemenl house wlih one luxurous opor:--:-ecch floor is bui t in on old cenlro orec ofB u cho restll beongs lo ihe smo I bock of f ois line lho' -Jonco designed in the ole 3Os, defined by c - ,

row, very simp e focode fccing the street cn: :quile domeslic sccle The ong deve opmeri ' -courlyord, however, is more spectccu cr, lhc,,:-specrcl oesthetic pursuits con be lroced here: --The only notoble occef l on the front focodeoaor g ro -^ o,dr^ o o o\-boo a,e eoor-a,tr ^.oo'l"b Ldi E .

ihe crticulcllon of the side foccde.

lclodi :: :sli::

folodii oi--ro ir ' : -::

Buit in lhe scme residentjol creo os lhe Chopiero ,lo rg I s obvio, .ly o eol a5 614 i vast-et -.

l-, oe.lie . a.pra55 o't ooei o .l ow ory oo 'opr ir r'o orth e r r erery' rol ow 9 h ofr' .'.1io.-q. lo li-rg rro-1ao\arorl'^of Lo oo 30

Buchoresi modernism. The execuled focode is eve-less inieresling thcn the one drown on lhe proleci

EE25. lmobilul Poldi Construil in oce o$l corller cu ocuinlo Chcpier,

Chapiet ocesl imobll este evldeni o lnveslille imobi lorcr cu

scop ucrotiv.Co expres e plostico nu denoldr o cdutoredeosebitc, orhilectul urmorjndu-si ootecum proprioretelc sii isticcr, ;l inccrdrdndu se in Lino genero do modernismului bucuresleon dln o douc iumoloieo oni or 30 Folodo execulold esle chior mol pulin

interescnld decol ceo propus-r 'in proiectu decruloriznlie.

25. Poldi ChapierBuilding

Strodo Dim tr e Oncirnr. l6A, Bucuresli.

Proi-^cl oulotlzotle:iu l,- 1935

mob de oporlomerle, porter si

potru etcie.

l6 A Dimilrie Orcil Slteel,

B rcho resl

Buildlng permil: .lu y 1935.B ock of floh; ground lloor ond

4 upper f oors.

lotodd spre strcd-r

street focode

plor etol crrenlupper f oor plon

Co"s-. t oerlru soceoeo Bozoltir socieoa p 05-pe'o de cor. rct' oe podlr. s povoje. oste -ruld r- e foo'e rorele p oiecie o e r Mo,ce lorc.r6s's clepo.esc sfe'o orIi ectLr'i s r'c reziderliole.Desi c odi'eo LJp' noe 'n proporlie -ovors ioore -opcrtomente, sernnificolio ei este dotcr de cerinlo deexprimore o preslioiu ui socieidlil.Acest sediu urmo sd ocupe douo porce e core'ndrgrneou pioto Jionu, o cdrei regim de construclie^rpls de 'egrrlorer- ero de tortre de vi e, cr

"nollime moximd de l4 m, totol nesotisfocolooreceniru emfozo cu core societoteo voio:d se reprezinte.r urmo unui schimb de memorii si ovlze inire socl-: o'eo Bozoli r si Con s uneo Spec olb perr L

-c'ico'eo Requlorter-tride Corsruc-rn s A r,eri,:-imdrio cedeozd insisienfelor societdlii si permite:cnstruireo unui imobi cu sose eio je, ultlmele trei':-'ose in goborit. Argumenlele orhiiecturol urbonis--.e oduse de socieiote, de o cdror formu ore este:'eu de crezul cd loncu ero slrdin, sunt'in fopt juste..'-crofolo foorle mcre o pietei lionu, cu o rozd'de'2C

m, trebuie suslinuld de un front mol inclt de l4- :e pr li^ p.r^c-tol. co pordor-' ol irrro'i n porc.I :ii-eo, oslozi deslL-l de nod lico o, (Lp ldeo-: mcri zone funclion.o e: in centru, sedlul societolii,:- rol penlru pub ic, so o de consi iu, birourile:'::"ei . b rou i pe-irL ru'lcrono

: ir d eoplo, :'r.: :'did oporto're1l pe 'no rr le ^ivel I ole cdr,it:.--cose spolii de primire se deschid spre grodinor - :core, o"n slorgo in obi ul de ropo . cL ooJo:::"omerte si doLo gorsol ere pe 1ivel. Cele - e

-- .' : sLrni foo -e srrors o" cllo e ir corrpoz lio plor -

- - ':i. do r L- n r.ne egolur' f.rr-c oro e-----= ele. Fiecore zond ore propriu occes,:: ::-cdo principolo,: -rJl predominont esie cel o imobi u ui de roporl,: '--' c rode o' ir ree:s e veriicole de r-o lir': ::- -e si diferit trotote, in core lcncu vo fo osi un. - -rrr cr de evidenid influenfo Art-deco.;:-:'cobil este insd modu in core orhiteclul vo: - - r oces volur. porie si sop'e e oie ( L

- -^ - - por e' si 3 e oje po-o ol .eo-loller r -: zone funclionole, vertico itoteo ldioosd o imo: - -. ie oportomente filnd tronsformoto grodct---'- :esfdsurore orizonlold, echi ibrcto in finc de-:: , -oieo suprcfefelor p ine, plone si curbe, core--:-:3 compozifio. Rezu ld o obilO lronzifie de o o:,r-r ronurnento o o imobilului lo scoro domestico: t: af rJlrJ

- - 'l-eo vizuold o compozifiei volumetrice, co si

-:l-. ei. se bozeozo too'e rL pe elecr-^le de- : ro 1e e o (orpr'lor de clod re d n d le te. ::- ce prru,re Iovo zo-e oe epo'lilio p or'-: :1. tv der cd Mo cel loncu o c6u ol con:ec.

=- : dincmizore o plefii, o9o cum se oflrmo, de: -- , 'n nolivo io urbor's co exp rso.

Built for the Bczo lin Compony, o very successt-compony speciolized ln bridge cnd rood cc-s--,:tion , thls one is counted omong Jonco's roi-c c..-lecis, os it wenl b:eyond residentiol orchiiecli--e.Athough lhe building mosty contoins flots, is s g-:',conce lies in lhe mojor requiremenl lo enhonce---eprestige of the compcnyTh" [., 16.n wos lo < ove two plors boroerire ;-e.licnu Circle, where the low rlse resideniiol oreo ,eeulotion wcs imposed. The mcximum l4 m height oilhe occepled buildings wos quiie frustroting for oco'noo1y se-^t irg lo ,l^ow ils prestige.As o e.ul' ot il^e rerorordc tl o rhe Bo zcrlr'nCompony senl to the Speciol Board for thelmplenenfalion of Building and AlignmenfRegulotion tl-e mrricioo i.y firoly goue rp s r'rn

oppos o'r crd ol o*ed te .o s "rc ior ot o 6-- o-rled building, while the ost three floors hod to berecessed. The kind of logicol urbon ond orchitecturoorgumenls brought oboul poinl lo Jcnco's outhorship: the very lorge open surfoce of the Jionu Circ e,wiil- o -odirs of ?O r hos lo oe srslc neo bv nlo ler froni, ot eost punctuolly, meont lo bolon'ce theporl entronce.The building, which s very much o tered todcy, com-p i..d 3 r"oi"rrrclior ol o eos. r- ll-e cer -e he e i.the hecdquorters of lhe compony, consisting of owoitirg roo'l. o boo'd .ree ng room, rne d ec-orsoflices, ond clerk offices On the right side there s olovishiy luxurious floi streiching over severo f oors. ts

elegont recepiion spoces open onto the bockyordgorden. Cn lhe eft side there is o lenement bui dingwith two flots ond two studio f ois on eoch floor. Thethree oreos o-e close y o - cJ oleo n p o1i'nel'cconpo. ion blt -l^e r r. rclionol 'es o'e rri.irol.Eoch oreo hos its own entronce on the moin focode.The prevoiling vo ume be ongs 1o the lenementl^o.lse w[icl^ is powerl.r ly rro deo n vo,rico reqiq-le . or urequo l'eiqh s ord o ffe ert eolren- fo*5 .1- Jor-co oppeoled io or oovior: A't-De.ovocobl o y. Foweve , -he 'r y en o , ob e teo,u-e s

the woy lhe orchltect succeeded in orticuloting thisground f oor ond 7 upper floor vo ume with tl-Le

g olrd f oor ord 3 L-pper oor vo J^'le ho' ,ng-reo he two fl^c- orol o'eo'. The shorp ve'licc re olthe block of flots groduc ly turns into o horizonioldevelopment finoly bolonced by the mossive, com-poct, f ot ond curved surfoces, ihoi end up the who ecomposition Thus o skil ful lronsition from ihe monu-nerlo scoe or re blidr q -o o Tro a honey orecl'o o. e z rg ll e e,iderr'o oreo s oc-ieved.The visuol uni! of lhe volumeiric composilion, oswe I os its origino iiy, ies in ihe overopping effectsof the voiumes - os it con be seen from differentongles fovoured by the p onimetric distributlon.Cbviously, Morcel Jonco sought to impress o cericindynomism on the Circle spoce, os mentioned in lheurbon-p onninq orqumeniolion for this conslruction.

26. fnobilrfEczqllfil

26. lfu Besdliirbuildiry

:i / eicie.

lionu Rood, plol I 3 l4(2 Aviotori or Squore),

Brchorest.Bui ding permit: July I 935.Compony heodquorters ondb oc[ of flols, ground floor cndZ upper floors.

p on porier/ground lloor plcn

r09

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27. Eugen CarniolBuilding

Avlotor Slelof Prolcpopescu,pcrce lO (10 Ddntceni Slreet),

Buchcresl.Buid ng permit: .luiy 1935

B cck of I ots, ground f ocr cncl3 rpper f oors.

rra

27. Imohilul Construilin corlierul rezrdenlio de nord, esie un mrcEvgen Carniol imobll de raport, cu certe un oporicrmenl spoiios o

fiecore etoj, porleru cuprinzdnd introre, garoi 9ionexe de serviciu.Vo -r' robi r,ooo^,o.r po'o.app^o^,'roo p'^ odopF'oooP r .l..iiocore rocordeozd cele douo foiode. Suorofele eo'od^ ot r.l r 006 o ^ pe Odo -e - ^rJ o eid^ro lrooo .ro-oi o,^ruo irpr.p,--foiosit pe cmbe e folode oce osi element orhiteclurolspeciflc ui Mcrce oncu, regislru verlico decrosoldin core pleccd orizonto e e bolcoone or, oslfep osol

.incot sd orief leze cornpozilii e spre semici in

dru ccre cr Lrnifrcd

l

i

I

],l

Built in the norihern residenlio district of the c '.i o.roi^rer^rl o. tr171or^ po.oeo rlloo. l ^g - roroo, 10, a ll^qoservice onnexes.Lo r - loo- 'l- o oo o eloo ood ,vlo = ,

lc.'gro pai oLelo.a, o,o tr^ , :

'^ ll ^ t,to lo od^s. l ^ .' or a o.€ ro _ _

depth ond lhe slreei foccde is comporotve, ^-, -emphosised Both fccodes shore Mcrce .lc-.specif c orchilecturol elemenl o verlicc re: , -

1---f

L

- 'a a) ce tn co rnc Trme, o'- I a _i s

,o r,eg sc?. o

' : ooli ^ idr1iP ole ''

- , -: l aarJ lrolore p osli; , h-e -"ro e ro'

- : ..r'e se regdsesie inr ^o P^ oodo.

-:,: --:e dinspre strcdc- ' -r -r-:c (prin e emenlu in

:- ,;:, :trcpeiii bo coone or,.:: )o^l^o,zo

: ,' ,-:c cu foiodo otero d.: -: ---- :: orzonlc]e core- - --'- -.l pe fotodo Loterolo,

: - r,: trCJfere Cr pOnUr Or

: ----.,-e-e orienlctd de p o-, - --:j-:J io osli odeseo de

. oodo.- pe \o..: - -eg siru verticol discrel

.- .r-o relief semnol de

$1 _-_

loccled in o ow-rise ceflrc oreo, cl the crossroodsof old commerciol thoroughfores if Buchorest, thisburding lowers its neighbourhoods ond it is one ofJcrnco's orgesl proiects of thls klndll is o ]uxurious lenemenl house, whose oeslhetics is

compotible with o ine of comp ex orchilecturc pursuils chorcclerizing c his designs in thot period.The ccrved composilion of the moin sireel focodeemphosises ils verlicolness (through the proleclingbor thcrt generoles the poropets of lhe bc conles,oriicu oled wlth the b ind mosonry ponel) ond directsc I lhe elemenls iowcrds lhe junction with the sidefocode Thus ihe curvrng flow of the horizontobcnds, thct run un nlerrupiedly cr ong the sidefoccde, sprngs from be ow the slighi over opp ng ofplcrnes of lhe former. This rcther direcied over op-pin,q of uneven p ones wos o common device in his

projecls of thot lime.The entronce is morked by or irconsp cLro.;s verticoregisler with smol bo conies crc o bcse'e iei byMilito Pdircscu.

28. lmohil pro-pfielrrt necunoscul

2A. A bvilding oIdn unidenlifiiedownef

Strodo P clor Sl. Luch cn nr. 3,

Brcu resli

Prolecl oulor zolle : inexislenl in

orhive probcbt 1935.mobil de oporlomefle. porler si

5 elcie, u limui rive relros

3 Plctor Sl. Ichion Slreet,

Brcho r est

Bul d ng permil nol fornd in the

orchives, proboby I 935B ock oi iJots: grornd floor ond

5 rpper loors; recesseC lopI oor

oooooooooooooooooo

30. VilaHermina Hassner

30. Herminallessner ViIIa

::: : :j - :::ri':--a rBr9- ..i

B l cl es'lri! eai arlcr zoile:

ncrlte 1937Locrlrir rniioni io d

porier si elol

lionu Pcrl., pol l8l9(32 Plctor :covescr Slreet].

B r cho tesl.

Bu dirg permt: Mc,ch 193/.One-iomiy holse, grornd Ioc'

ond ropet f oor

Este unul dlnlre ultlme e prorecle dln RomOnlo,

reolizot dupo o perjooda in ccre Morcel loncuo \ \^ .p^ i6l 1 63 lo go clpo o r lerCl^d

-^po o'o oorror o'r a'oloo,/ o oerepetilive. Proqromul si bugetul vlLei bcncheru ul

Hossner ii vor permile din nou sd experlmenleze.Vi cr ocupcr o suprofoto de 2o0 mp o sol pe douoporce e din zono rezidentiolcr de nord, locui eo des-fdsu cndu-se in principc lc nlvelu porlerr ui Eloiu

esle compus dintro serie de comere, probobll penlru ocrspeti, grupcle in iuruL holu u cu go o scdrii, oimensdr iercrsd so oriu si onexe de servictu.( oo roo o do7.o o p'^i6" r o^r po o- zo lo o

'o ooo p, po'o ' cj o o ri 'o ^ d''''o 1o lo

mcse de zldorie o bo cu fereslre in bondo, inso liul

zid perforot core inchide spre slrodo so criu g zonor o 'og"ra 'o'o o i tto .

Ausieriloteo ortogono d c exieriorului foce 9i moineoslepiok.r exubercnlo p ostico o interioru ul, oldiccl pocle fi reconsllluil d n fotogrofir e de epoco 5

d n ceeo ce s o mci poslrr;t. P oslico interioord uli-

llzeaza L:n reperloriu vorlot de forme curbe, ce se

regdsesc otot in stolpii rotunzi, ccso scdrli sl go u

ho ului, cof mc c es.in mobi ieru lix din ho sl in

^denlve or e subti e ole p ofoone or.

r o Fo .p o^, .o ^9o olo iod^TAr or o.o r-"toro oood-^o p. o .. p r-o

9r vitrouri cublste. Pesle gemineu din ho se gdseo ofresco fdcuto dupc ce ebrcr so picturo Jordins duLuxembourg (1928), ior lntroreo ero rnorcotd de un

bcso re ief execulcl de Mllilo Polrogcu, ombeled ispcr r ute.

This ls one of the ost pro jecls thct.lonco designed in

Romcnic. Jl wos olso cchieved ofter o period whenhe hod designed lenemenl houses by grcduclyexhcrusl ng his composilrono formulo. l-Jowever, this

time, the house progromme ond ihe budget(!ossner wos o bonker) c lowed for new expermenis.The villo covers 260 sq m. strelching over lwo pLots

in lhe northern residentrcrl district of Buchcrresl. Thedwell ng lseif moinly occupres the ground floor,whi e on the flrst floor there is o series of rooms,po.iol7gras oor gor p^ooo, d Iod

'o'o, o'^'aF\ooo[ ho cr'ro.eo.rde

solorium ond onnexes ore ploced on the lop f oor.The buildlng is o mosl exc usively o horlzonlol composrtion. whose moin focode sionds for on orlicu otlon of the wide ond white mcsonry surfoces wilhrlbbon windows, the stronge punched wcl thctenc oses lhe solorium os to the street spcce, cnd ihefrogmented oreo of the moin eirlronce.The reclongu or austerily of ihe outslde mo[es ihecesthetic exuberonce of ihe interor ook stunning, osmuch os we con see ln lhe period photogrophs cndthe p eces thot sti stond The interior express on is

cchieved through o orger reperlo re of curvedshopes thot do not on y oppeclr ln the round shcfts,in ihe stolrccse. ond in the void spoce of the ho L,

but o so in ihe bui !ln furnilure ond subie unevenfessof cei ings.As he ofien did before, .lcnco inlegroled polntings,scu plures, ond cubist sloined windows Above theho f re p oce there is o fresco reproducing his

fcmous pointing lardins du Luxenbourg \)928),whl e the front door wcs mcrrked by one of MilloPdlroscu s bose-re iefs, bolh of them no longer exist.

. uf : l-:

.- r :'_.;--tl t- a l

- - l': s .gulor Si neogteptot in onsom-'r-:: oncu. Este proieclot pe o

-. ovronceoi zond pentru core

-l :cnsiruirii 'in stil romdnesc.

---:e'oile restricliile lmpuse de--r- r Ce plon, nici desenu fofodei

- - : 3-o eciof de Mort el lon.u.r,.llri ".,;..: ", :- --::: :e ce]e o e vi ei necunoscuie

:= :' de pe o eeo loncu ori de.-:::-- de trodilioncliste peniru o

::- :' siilisilce, cu otdt mci mu t cu

= - - :;loo ce ole oso nr-mir..r u sl' : .-' -- oeiirite i. p rr e g FL oe.-: ::- vreo intenlie compozilionoid

= :: :'eocupdrile orhltecturoLe o er)i .um se degojo e e din restu]

:.'iz ce ocecstd porceld esle o::--- :noi mu le fcrmi il, conslruitd de- l-l peste o slructurd ridicoto

;: : singuLor desrgn, somehow unex-'.':'cel Jonco's work. t wos designedle ovronceo Pcrk, on creo under

: s milor designed by Morcel Jonco:: rot remind of lhose designed for

c of 1923 or the bui dings in theS Grun's house. They cl hod vrsible

:--res ihot onswered the stylistic con--ention the foci ihot, from the morpho-:: view, this style wos nol slrictly

: ' : :: -lrol i' iel o'r o Leos-. -hot r qht be-:- - .. .:ser io Morce .]onco's orchitecluro:-- r:'^:,,ore shown ihroughout his work.

- :r- :ee iodoy is on ordinory tenement house' :. '-: -'cde unions c,fter 1949, on o slruciure' ::- '. World Wor I

3!. Vflcloee flcrirescr

31. Rose ltf,g,ri-

'fes[u wrr.l

)e curcrceo Pork,

Al ey B {Sg. MiLitoru GheorgheStreel), Buchcresi.

Building permii: Morch ,193/.

foJodd spre strodd

slreet foccde

plon etoi/upper loor plon

--. :cncerning lhe preservotion of the. :t '-e or-id rgs. Lve' Iwe loo( r o-.::sed urbon regulotions for this oreo,:- :onflguroiion, nor the focode would

il9

32. lmobilul Davidllaimovici ;i

Sigmund Vdldrescu

32. Davidllaimovici and

9igmvnd VdldrescvBuilding

,'odoO'^ .2B ,esooo o'oZo^Opr e Ol

lmobil de oportomenle,po,- 3-6-

Oteri ^- B, Lo^lBr |1gp^ ag: o

B oc[ ol f ots; ground I oor ond) pp-rr o

Po"o peopo'.elode -" , ..., jr :

,ecro r ,rgl iobt' /aaa.c,-j : :-.'.[ezo voTe foorle imogincivd s -e::-.:-- :-. a cidio,^leriort|,' o- ri o e rero:Cuprinde cdle un cporlcmeni pe iieccre nive, oetc je e 1 sl 2 existcnd si cdie o gcrsonieri.Aporiomenie e sunl moi cdutote si moi putin stondord decoi in cozu oltor imobi e de roporl; formounor incdperi poote chior so depdgeoscd necon-venlionolul pdno o coprlciu. Apcrrtomenlu de ou irmul nive ore o more lerosd cu pergod si soLcriu.Aspeclu cel moi speclocu os ol oceslei clddiri esteploslicitolec so comp lcoto, prin core se inrudeste cuimobiu God{1934)Teorelic, clodireo ofero douo fcrlode - foorte diferlttrotcrte compozitiono egote prin curbo lind corepreio coliu ; in reo itole, se pocle citi cc o miscoTede invo u re o cose prinlr-o modelore permonentd o

-d' li pL" o dde oo\crp -o toeo'ogo'cr o( r o o'r re p of-r zne,p e o plo'-co de\ otolo-e r o ,r pe o'F .o, r [-676 11€,t1a

oblinond o tensiune moximd in zonc inlrorii. Aceosloeste morcoldr de bovlndou semicilindric {core crpdrec o cosd o scdrii, dor core'in reo ilote esle un

.oo'c rr pA tr'e a go .or.erei) o,.or prop ., z tood,.aor'r^egovr- o o,ol lror|'.C odlreo prezinld un interesoni corocter eciectic,pundnd in ucru elemenle si miilocce de expresiefocrrle diverse: surplombe de dlferite forme si odon-crmi, un echillbru pe muchie de culit inire osimelrie si

simelrii oco e, o dlurdri de curburl lncerle, e ernented" vo, ob - o- p . ^ r ooeif )- ,lr si eler erle oeo eror-r (pe'goode e-r^ o ' deror o)eic., totul intr o irotore generold de nuonfcexpresion rstd.

Aoo o-o1 de o elo rI noi po\ ag,/o t^\o oooted^v. o' lo b,'oo.gi^o^

.ocoled or c leqr-lorly .l op^o po er r i' eobiuse crossing of iwo sireets, ihe buildlng proposeson unconvenlionol cnd imoginctive so ullon for its

interior ond exterior os wel .

There is one flot on eoch floor, excepiing the f rst

ond second f oor ihot conloin o studlo f oi.Compored to olher lenemenl houses, the flots disploy more unconventiono formuLoe, therefore theshcpe of some rooms borders on foniosy The floton the top f oor hos o lorge terroce wilh c woodenpergolo ond o so orium.The mosi specloculor ospeci of this bui ding ies in its

complex oeslhelic expression, which mokes ll verymuch ckin io ihe Go d Bullding (1934)Theorellco y, ihe bui dlng disploys Mo foccdesuiier y differeni composed iied up by o smoolhcurve lhcl lckes over lhe corner. lt con be olso reodos o movement meonl io wrop up the who e build-ing through o consionl moldrng of the wclL, whichslorts wilh o rectongu or scu pluro des gn ond goeson towords o plostic ireciment of groduoly curvingsurfcces, resulling in c moximo lension of iheenironce oreo The lotter is morked by the semi cy in

dricc bowwindow {which might be os weJ recrd oso sto rcose, but in foct il is lusl one more fontcrsyopercrted on the bed room wo ), whi e lhe occessspoc-a is p oced in lhe negolive conccvity of ihiscylinderThe bui ding shows on inleresling ec ecticism tholputs logelher vcrious elemenis ond meons ofexpression, such os, the proiruding bodies of differeni shopes, lhe criticol equilibrium beMeen locc ly:y'r're ' . ol ord o .yrre Lo, po( e5 -re -or p irqoI o-o.q ,o' r rve\. c *e I tl ^ os:or o o^ ospecific modernisi elements borrowed from oihervocobu ories (the wooden pergolo, the morb e bosecourse, for instonce), etc. Fincly, ihere is o prevc l nce.pre ,o^iJ - eo-Te1' hol rf o o-lorize -1e

^ oebuilding.The first floor sti preseryes some of ihe orlglnocubist sioined g oss windows.

p or! cioie o si

flrsl ond :ecord f cor p ons

mm

mm

=n m EEn

2l

33. lmobilvlVosile Moga

33. Vlrsile MogaBvilding

Slrodo Armeneoscd nr I 6,

Bucl resli

Proiect oulorizolle:i te 1937.

mob de oporlomenle, porler sl

5 elcje, u tlme e doud nivelur

relrose.

I 6 Armeneoscd Slreel,

B ucho resl.

Bui d ng permit: .lu y 193/.B ock ol f ots; ground I oor ond

5 rpper f oors, lhe lost lwof oors cre rec--ssed.

Conslruit inlr o zond cenlro d cl orosului, esie un imobll de rcport cu irei gcrrsoniere 9r douo oportornenlemici pe etoj, corocterizote loote prin obsentobucotdriilor.Sl ocest imobil se inscrie 'in linrc proiecie or din odouo jumolote o deceniu ui 4, compuse cu sigu-ranlo, dor rnoi pulin indrdznele co expresie plosiiccr.Esle unul dinire cozurile rore in core loncu deseneozd o folcdo perfect srmetricdr, singuru occenlmol iuccrus filnd llnlc ondu oto o peretelui de sliclo oholu ui de occes, neobrsnuit de spolios.

Buit in ihe cenirol oreo of the ciiy, il is o tenementhouse, comprising 3 studio f cts ond 2 smo f crts oneoch f oor; they ol ock the kiichen spoce.Thls bu lding be ongs lo the crte '30s projects proving the orchilect's ccquired ski fulness, yet ockingspeciol oesthellc pursuils.t is one of those coses when Jonco drew o flcwlesssymmetrrco focode, where the only p oyfu occent s

lhe unduloted ine of the g oss wo I of the entronceho l, which rs unusuo ly oio"

p on etoi c!renllpper f oor plon

tti.lf;

- =: Centlc de ux din nordu

-: :.:r.slrr td de Morce cncu

' - :-' .u ctel er de scu piurd pen' - r-' sclr, buno p'reteno o olh

:-:--' oerlru socrli e .

- r . dlierenie de iumoicfi de- - r :oecic e ol,^ ole lerulul ou: - : :polio d inlerioord mci comP i'

: ::- i de cec intOlnilo .in

r.oeorhilectului.. : r-reiricd esle exlTem de simp o.

,,: :-lii disilncle, ceo micd - oie: -: :;pontd filnd pcrliol inccs-r'e aole cuprinde cele dorcrraae denl ce.e.--scni iL constituie ote eru pe

,-'.li mcdelcrre spoilolc este foo'le: Prezento suponlei mos ve, set: oerele u oceste o, o dispozilivu u

-:-e de occes o nivelu ole reru ui sl o-:revc dinire e emenle e cote con-

specl. Suponlo ole eru ul este de::.1 ploriiei, in cr cdrui perele ondu otr proieclcl o deschidere penlru corermonenl conlocl cu spottu sou de

: strodo o clelierului esle un uriosje fereoslrd, ccre. in proieclu iniliol,

roo o^roo i ^o' .o^o o'gocdel decot in conslrucllc recrlizotcr.

Loccled n lhe uxurious northe'n residenl o district ofthe city, thls is ihe osi vi lo lhcl Mcrce .lonco bullt ln

B uch o resl.

The build ng comprises cr f ol lnc udlng o sculpture

studio for ll-re sculptress Mi llo Potroscu, the orchltecl's friend, cnd cr flcrt for her rn lows. Their occtllon

on ho f-ciislonce ln belween f oors ond some furlher

^-, ^rP.r rp aco, .^ ,do -d oo o^'

' ^1 3 p6rior o' O 'o't 9' ,o O, ^ ^ro- t'e o' ar po^ I

Thus, the volumelric compo: lion s e lteme y simp e,

lhol ls, on orlcu ollon of Mo distlnct boxes, the smc l-

er one the sludlo wiih cr gol ery penetroting the

orger vo ume of the two idenlicc f ois.

The most nle'esling spoce of o rs lhe doub e-he ghtsludio who:e spol c mo d ng s exlreme y scu pturc

n itse f. The preser.e of lhe mcrssive gc Lery. lhe e eqo-^ ri qoi Aor a'ao 'c oo.L c-p"n, c,c."it to ihe studio, ond the go lery rtse f ren-

arer oDOr or ooo.-oh aao. o il ^ t

dlo qo ery ir the :culpt ess bedroom, in whose wolMortel .lonco designed on opening thot would he p

the ortist be Ln permonenl conloci with her creollonspoce'',^n613;1^ oo'O t- traa- clq-melo window, which ln lhe initlol projecl erpcndedto th-^ side foccde ond wcs crtlculoied nore o'gcnico ly with lhe rest of rhe lccode'hcr li i d l" i'efrnol buid ng

34. ViIaEmiI Pdtragcv

34. EmiI PdtrascuViIIa

.l cnu Pcrl., St eei V, plce Cr

il9 P ctor Ncgr c Sireell,

B rch c resr.

Briciirg permir: ly ,Q37

The dwel ing cons sls of semi

Soserferl, grclno I ocr, cndroper f cot 'liih o srudlo.

23

- . l'.- 0 cerul outorizolio de: -,r, , ieren pe core in 1922 con-:= ' -,. 'onli urmdiorl o efectuot: . - :t'siruclio caselor flind.inceputo

- , - :. oenl scop lucroliv, cuprinzond

= - :: - siiuile cu ocuinte cup oie, din

= -. -'=azc ul Morcel sl lu iu oncu. Ei cu:._3- oi ag; c.or.

- -:''lie de o o inierec sirdrzii 9i conl n'-r- 3.-pe f eccre nivel. Desl reloliv

- : -:.ind o cnumltd rigoore orhitec-- : - - r"o ecle tip 9i nu dovedesc nici o

, : 5 de roiionc izare a spaliu ui.

- = = :,.ri cdoploie regu lor trodiliono e

- , :--ghez (de exemplu, p)anu codifi--= ::,orlrtie, sccro princrpcr cr 9i scoro de

-'-' :'=: ::--sloT ocuinte esle numoi exle--- ,:-: :in ioosireo unui imboj modernrsl

- ;' -- Bucuresl , ccrre, desr nu denolc pre: r: :: ceosebite, conferd onsomb ului uni-

:

taat / o

:oolc, de sus

'i!.t, lrom top

: : -::tc slreel locode

- :: : :lde lccoCe

: r-r,:rr ftioor pcn: :::lrolir/pr--senl

:

:,:e'focrpcn

In 1933 llermon loncu opp ied for cn outhorizolionio furiher ol grounds where he hod sloshed thelcrncu A ley in 1922. During the fol owing yeorssome uti ity work wos done lhere ond lhe housebui dlng wos slorted by his heirs ln 1937, ofter theowner's deolhCbvlously, ihol wos o profitob e lnvesimenl, involv-ing 22 pr:rce s with twin houses, of whlch I 3 werebu lt by Morcel cnd lu lu loncu. They were olso lheenlrepreneurs of the whole proiect.These bul dings crre recessed os lo the street edgeond contoin one f ot on eoch f oor A though re oiive y economico ond wilnessing o cerloin orchltec-turcrL scorcily, lhey ore not siondord proiects, os onemight hove expected Moreover, they do not showo functionol pursuii for economicc spoce orgonizc'iion These f cls fo low the troditionol distribution ofthe rooms oround crn unlii ceniro ho 1, specific forthe midd e-c crss slondord (for instonce , l6e lypicalplon wlih portiiion hol , the use of Mro stoircoses. ihemoin cnd the bockside sloircose, elc.)Their modernlty is noi intrinsic becouse it on yoppeo ed to c modernrst vocobu ory currenlyopplied in Buchoresl, which does not crctucrl y provespeciol oeslhetic pursuii, yei ii gives siylistic uniiy iolhe ensemb e.

35. FtrrrefoFesfl,fnifti,fi

35. Housingfrinitalii

_ - f iti )i'=-o lvlorar

-er:rie;rd VonesrRclcreorr Srreel), Buchore:l3u .d ng permii 193/i 3 oneJoml y houses; groundf oor ond upper f oor

._d-<t

175

:: i:l

::liiii: - - --llrliltiltlii -.:--

;(lfllli'lar 41 l'" - - :: -

.ilt : - . ,-.ilf : - - ,-l

.l'lllr llll ,+ r,

tulii -

'41f"'/lllllililr-'1.[ r : . -- : : --::llb::"iiil;,rlilii : - r:-'='lllt-rinrm ''

- :l ---1c zond ullro-centrold'.: r:'3oort co e 9 Loeo/d;r-: ce fiecore nivel.--3;7 1€ lc sirodd sl o

-'= l3 oioieclului, diferenlor r r-:u r-enunfd lo simelrio:--: 33^iTU o solulie moil-l ls reiric registrul

:r' re Morcel loncu in

$

"(Y',

I

i

$,., I :'r -,:-'::--lverycenlrol oreoof"! ' 1 ., ', - : r -=-:-:^- house thot groups 6 stu

lrilr r:r'" : - - r --= , ':-e' spoce) on eoch floor.*''rr* rr ,_:- - - -' - - ,.=: 2 siores ond on ori go lerylil ::ll:ll. :-,- -,0rrii r: : - -i -- : :-: a:r ore [nown, the differ

dlr'r * :F1,, :-- --. -.": _ es in the foccde freolmenl.

.:j' I I : .: : ::-:. symnetry of ll e I rs vori-

r" :' : : -: . -xpressive -ol.Jlior, wl'icl-,llilruL f -r* :I ---, -::S-er osymmetricolly.

-: r.- . - :-- "I lorcodesgred ir'

'ilr -r':

iin itdlll/H o u sin g

':-::: -::ede

: l- 3 f,n

: r- le siluolie, cLddire pe

: t-::3: : : rn, buildlng on lots

1., ...

*:---: "

:.. .'lr+:.:!.'-:

...-..:: : " ''

t

i....

iit''..., i

lI

-t

!- 1,'l

plon porterground floor p on

36. ImobilulItfourn Ghica

36. Nau,m GhicoBailding

Strodo Nlco oe Golescu nr. 5,

Bucu regii.

Proiect outorlzofie: lulie l93B 9i

septembrie 1938.mobl de oporlomenie, parler gi

Z eiole, ultimu nivel reircs.

5 Nlco oe Go escu Slreet,

Buchoresi.

Building permit: luly 1938;September I 938.B ock of floh; ground floor ondZ upper floors, wilh o recessed

lop loor.

127

w*s w

GP.AFICA LU'MAP.CEL IANCU

"MEfAMOP.FOZELEL'MBNULUT

PLASIIQ DE AVAN.G,AE.DA

MaricLna Vida

MAR.CEL TANGO'SER.AP'IIC AR' A'tfD

f,IE MEIAMOR..PIIOSES OF fHEAVANf.@ARDELANGUAGE IN

FINE ARIS

Excepironcr o energre creoioore monifesioid deMorcel oncu pe porcursu 'indelungotel sole coriereorlistice c singulcr zoi o persono loie oporle, in spiri-lu ilusirl or ino nlos ol Renosier sr core, in pofidodebutu ui zgomotos, vio ent, conleslolor, in mediucosmopo il ol onorhicei migc-rrii Dcrdo, c imenioio deiensLuneo molefico o rozboiului, se vo expnmc constructiv in sensul propriu o cuvdntulur, in Romdnio si

in srce, obordond diverse genuri o e orlei, inir-oconstontd confruntore cu deslinu ingrol o pioniero-lului. Scrcrnc de c seporc orlele grofrce din operoso olOl de voriotd 9i de o e poriicu orizo cel pufin incontexlu groficii romdnest de ovongcrdo este difi-ci d, dor pooie re evo unele ospecte inedlie o edemersu ui sdu creclor, cu convingereo cd oceosldseporore occidenio d nu obtureozd percepereo

^g oflcii,cc porte nlegrclo orgonic in onscmb uL viu cr

nlregulu.n ce e ce urmeozd vom foce cdtevo precizori

osuprcr perioodei in core Mcrce Jcncu o lucrot iniord, respectiv'inolnte de primul rozboi mondio (1 9l 2

19l 6) sl osupro perioodel inlerbelice (1922 l94llcrscr cum se configurecrzd moi oles din onolizcooerei sole grolice qoslrgio o Ccbineiu de Desene\ trrov -r o iv\.JZer \ol onol de A lo.

,Violo r"o ortlslico (ceo o ic nu ore nici importontonici infeles) incepe co e ev ol ui lser, dupd mu leperegrinor of cioose pe ingo diferifi pompieri oi iimpu ui', declcrc crlistu .intr'un interviu din

'l933r

Persono ilote complexo g novoioore, losif ser exprimo in perioodo ontebelicd fromcntdri e 9r lensiunieunui ori st siiuot o conf uenlc unor cultur of ote inlr-oconlinud interoctiune Studji e sole o Munchen {cuA. or '. A,,b^ \,lo ol, Cy ,ohorre. -lo,'e l .

I o- Morrl i-o. i-prs o d sc pl ^c'e o eror l r og'nctiv gi moi o es un vddii respecl folo de lehnico':,lrosolurl decisive pe core le vom iniilnl si o tdndruoncu. Pe de o lo porie, posionot de experimenleleorlisiice de o Poris, odmirolor o ui C6zonne si por-tizcn oL Noblsti or:, Lser vo og utino in opero sc, clciuri de ecourlle secesionismului, expresronismu ui gi

sinlelismulur, cu vlzrunec sc bldimenslono -decorolivosi culorile intense, ogiernule plol, ce recuperou voqostompe or ioponeze descoperite de impresionisiiCoricoiurist olerl in troditio ui Bruno Pcul sou Th

Theodor Heine de la Stnplicissimus, el cccenlucconiinutu sorcoslic o egende pr n compozifii con-cise in core figurile monumenio e erou trcsote cu inljcu ducl grosi ego , cc de vltroliu, delimltond forme cuourd decorollvd, o cdror vo umeirie ero rezo votdprln mode eu cu eslompo, scu ollerncnfe de suprofete iexturote infr-o morfologie Jugendsii . Desenusocodoi, ferm, viguros, o," o""uo,,te proprie, de loconturu continuu o cel frogmentct, de o efeciepregnonte, lo diso ulio formelor in iumincr, dublote deumbre modelole de lcot, omintlnd de tehnico sofisli'cold c ui Fouiito ser depogise vizluneo legoto'incode trodilic inougurcld de Dcumier, si continucld deGill in Fronlo, c coricolurilor cu copele suprodimen'

The omozing creotlve energy proved by Morc: - -clong his except onoly ong crtist c coreer .: . .

izes h s speciol personolity, very similor lo the '--,'-ing Renoissonce precursors. Despite hls lhunde-- -

enl, ond chol enging debut in lhe cosmopo ii.- '- -

of the Dada onorchism, thot developed oc: -.bockground of the evil conf lcts of the wor '

.lonco succeeded in expressing himself in c cc-,--monner, in the proper sense of the word. He :::ched vorious kinds of ort, in c constont cho e':--^o .rre\^oro 9lo-o or^i pior o^r 9 i Po- :

sroe os we . ll rs difficu t to strictly sever his -c'::- -

work within ihe dlversity of his work, os lt is i: , .

o - ir - e. orle" ol he Porro io ovor gcr'-orl. However, such demorcolions might Tev€lunexplored fcces of his creollve effort. We crs:- --this hophozord demorcotion wl I nol decre:.-underslonding of his grcphic crt, orgoniccly '-= - : -

within lhe llve y whole of his work.Our remorks concernrng the period in wl- :- .

worked in Romonio, thot is, before Wor :(1912 l9l6), crnd during the nterwor peric: -

1 94 l ) ore bosed on ihe onolysis of hls g-::-works existing in the Drowings ond Prints Rc: -Ncrtiono Museum of Art of Romonlo."My oriistic ife (the other one hcrs neilher r-: , ,

nor mecrning) hos stcrrted os o pupil of ser . :--series of obliglng pilgrimoges ol the orrogor- :thot time ,lhe ortisl confessed rn crn inlerview - I,Even before the flrst wor, losif lser wos o rec.. lplex ond innovcriing personolity, who woLr : r :

the chol enges ond iensions of cn oriist p o.:liunciron of some continuous y inleroctrng cu ---=

studres in Munlch {with Antonin Azbe, Nico c-, ,Johonnes Herterich, ond Kcrr Mcrr) hcd forc:-disopline lhe imcrgincrtive effort crnd, espe:'show respeci iowords lhe decisive lechnlco i=:' -

which we ccn olso see ln lhe young Jcnco's ., -Moreover, being slimuloled by ihe ort expe'=- -Pcris, ond cs on odmirer of C6zcnne ond s,-:: .the Ncrbistst, ser coplured, in hls work, the :-- .lhe secession ond expressionrsm, logether wr-' '- -

the synthetisme, with its bidimensiono decc-: -sion ond ts inlense colours, lord f otly; thus 'r= -

ogoin the vogue of the .loponese prints disc:, - - .

ihe lmpressionisis.An c erl corlcoturisl in the trcdition of Bruno r:Th. Theodor lleine s from the Simplicrsstmus.sized ihe sorcosiic conteni of ihe onecdote i:. : -

composilions, where the monumento f q,-rort od by th rl eq. o i e' r -l'e . oi'^d :

dow monner; thus he morked out forms wlth c=-holoes, whose volumelric represenlciion wc-i -' .ized by woy of stump or o lernol ng surfoces ':. :the Jugendsti monner The ierky, yei firm on3 - .

drowing hod lts own evolulion, from the con- -- -

lne to lhe broken on-^, f rom the imposing eft:-',forms dissoluting in the ight, doubled b'.'-mou ded shodows, which reccrl Fouiito s so.- :-

,F

\,Etr

T

L

I

: pe lrupuri micr, pe core insd o moi cultrvou

-rf lemporoni co .liquidi sou Petrescu-Gdindr.: erc mcestrul iui oncu, pe core un exeget-ooron, O. W. Cizek, i osemuio cu morii de:- o iimpu ui, cu Poscin, Grossmon, Molisse,

-leine, Grosz ;i Dix, cdmirindu i ,, inio coltu-. rupld" o desenulul'.

.: -- e idrdnesii din l9OZ vor rodicolizo consli:-istlce si, oldiurl de ser, outor ol unor compo-,: esilor'dromolice, Nicoloe Moniu, Ary Mur-:-cisc Sirolo, lon Teodorescu-Sion, 9.c.m.d.,

=: mogini memorcbile, ce vor conolizo cori: :xold prevo enl pe morovuri, pe fdgcsul unel:--e implicdrl socio e6 CoricoturiJe po ilice:-e de loncu intr-un rdslimp re otiv scurt, dupd,:-eo 'in Romdnio 11922 1923 ), continuo: dlrectie, temolico sc socrc d odopidndu-se,rui expresionism lrogic, nuonlot de ellbe-

=.ergiilor lotenle, pelreculd c Coboreiu

:e priveste desene e reo izcle de loncu in:: ucenlciei c ser (in oielieru cdruio ou slu

::i virtori coloboroiori oi scri, Mox H. Moxy)onieL), ele mdrlurisesc senslbi ilolec e evu:e moesiru, fcrlo de modu in core ccesio: 'noiesluos in pogino subiectu. Couiorecr-,: 'noiesluos in pogino subiectu . Couiorecr

-' ,dini impozonle ole personoie or ce cuce-- :---o spotiul o b o co li de hdrtie, o unor otilu

. , :' rzdtoore, rezumotive, cu rocursiuri indrdz-: : :, unc din preocupori e constonte ole lul

. . '- spiritul creotiei ui lser, odoto cu insusirec

=-- : precrse c crelonu ui si o esiompei, o.- :Joreo o l-os-rcrtie p'op e prr q poe

:i .: ce ccceniueozd descompunerec subiec-.-c.ofele fcleiote, iucole riimrc penlru sugero-

-: -: si o uminii. Esie o vorionio incipientd o. -: :t lemperof corocieristic monierei in core'. zc, in sp ritu ui C6zonne, dor si o ui

-- . lJeckel,-in ccuoreld si oviu, construcfio, r : or, re iefond coniurul ferm dor frogmentot,-' : :iuote de crviut. De osemeni, preferinfo lui

- =-'-, suprofeieLe texiuroie (dungi, coroio je,: :oe da a16p^po pe [o.,i" s.olo] d^

l"'dst i re vo e5 -- ,i lo or c . r el eft -

-, = re inoleum, din deceniu trei.,- ,-ei generoose oferie pe core oncu o foce

1 -- '.\tzeu ui de Arto, Cobineiu de Desene si

::-ire csldzi o serie de desene Te evonle::: 'o pe ioodo lr p. c Modet ('o 6 )

- : =',:-olu esie rezo vol monumentcl prln suges- : = le modeleu, Portrelul scrtitorului lon Vtnea-- core, o dluri de hosurolio grupoto pe. , -:hiulore opore o consirucf e obslrocld

: : - lnli oherndnd in jurul unui ox, cu ro de. = a compozfiei, Borbal osezat (? lon

" - - 65) compus energic pe dicgonolc,- ,: . 64) privit in iimpu execufiei din spote,

-t,-' je concentrore, si unde hosurolro oxoto

'ehr iqel^hod5 r::with the lrodrlion of cc':: -':: .. - '-: : :: : -Leod:sel or -i', booc : -:. ...,orlrred b1 C r - ;- : i . :- -

odP^l-e' -Go-o'ro r'. -.... :

moster, whom o period cTi .- : 1.. ,. l::. ,,'por^d o'ogoo dog'-e' .t : ^-Poscin, Grossmcn, Mctlsse, Tl' h. -: -= 3-: -- :-Dix, ond odmired the ongu c: crd b::<e- '= .t 'drowing''.Ihe l9a7 peosonl uprising rodicollzed ihe criis'rc corscience ond, oporl from lser s overwhe ming y drcmotc compositions, Nico oe Mcrnlu, Ary Murnu. FroncrscSlroto, on Teodorescu Sion, o.s.o. creoted some rf emorob e imoges which chonne ed lhe coricoture, formerly inspired from socLoi monners, loword lhose subjectswith morked y soc cl connoloiions'. The po ilico coricoiures pub ished by lonco durinc o relotively shortperiod olier his return lo Romonlo 192223) took upthis direction, his sociol lhemes odiusling to ihe trcrgicexpressionisl version, nuonced by the iberoiion of theoient energies, lriggered off by Coboret Vo lolre expe

rie nce.The drowings thcrt.lcrnco e.,eculed durino his opprenticeship ol ser's (two of Jonco s future co oborotors,Mo, H Mo"y ond -^^r Do'iel we'o opp e cd i

the some studio) testify for the pupil s sensllive responseos lo lhe woy his mosler woud mognf cently set the'lblecr or pop" . ['o osr I or o .lorely o i oo othe chcrocters who toLe over ihe while spoce of thepoper, some surprising olliludes summed up in bo dforeshorlenings, loler become Jonco s preoccupolions,rem nding ser's creoiive spirii however lhey comeolo.e n t o-co's orqJ t re o o p a.,)e -ec iq-e olihe penci cnd slump to which his own woy of hotch-lng, by expressrve grouping, is crdded. The lotterprpl o zo h^ de or- po il o ot -he sL b1^. r.Iocoreo,l[o^

'^7-l riol Iployeo.r\aro ggesrrg hodow o d igh-eftecr. lLi. ' o ^o ly ,or -

anl of lomed cubism, cr choroclerislic of ser's monnerof ono ysing ln C6zonne s sprr i, ond olso in KLrchner'sond lleckel s, the chorocter's conslruction, wilh woterco ours, Chincr lnk, ond wcrsh, under in nq the firm, yetbroken out ine, by di uted lints of wosh-. Moreover,ser's preference for lexlured surloces (stripes, squores,

v oto i g ofro o rp on ip^d poper] or, genosti orlqin s o so mon fest rn Jcrnco's work os welL, forinsionce rn the plcsler reliefs cchieved in Zurichs, ondln the obstroct composiiions on linoleum from the thirddecode.Thonks to lhe generous offer lhotJonco mode to the ArtMuseum \n l967,The Drowings ond Prints Room cwnso series of relevoni drowings for ihis eory period: IbeModel \cc:t.61 ), where the chorocter rs monumenlol yochleved by suggestive shcpe eflects; The Portrcit ofthe Poet lon Vinect {cot 66) where, olong w th thehotching disp oyed in lriongle forms, on crbslrcrcl con-siruction is siruclured on cllerncting lines oround crn

oxis meont lo bo once lhe composilion, Seoted Mc:n

os f ser.

Scriilorul . L. Coroglc e, l9l 2

os I ser, The WrllerL. Coroqiole, I 9l 2

175

rrI\Fhh

pe forme geornelrice, cc.eniJeozd mpresio deloietore.n l9l2 oncu coloboro cu desene o revislo Stmba-lul pu6 icoiie ce cnticipo v ioorec sc orieniore nonconformistd. ustroiii e ui occenluou preliozitoteosenlimentulul, sinestezii e 9i corespo ndenlele versuriJor ce provocou o slore nevrolicd si un ezoterlsmombiguu Recuzilo simbo islicd (nuduri feminine detipul fomme falale, enlrelacs uri vegeiole) esle tron-

scrlsd'in imogini fermet, o cdror desen cu simp lficdripulernice, cu duci gros in coniur, 9i frcgil in detcliulesenfio lzol, ominieic moi degrobd de desenele Lui

Emi Cr i[Nu esle ps tde inie es sd omintim foptul co in l9l3ser publico o serie de memorobile portrele ce

insofeou un lext de Peire Locusleoru, 50 de figu,,contemporone, ce Tnorccru o tteceTe de lo gorio lo

portreiul groflc lilercr t, gen ce vo fi cu deosebii succes continuot de loncu in colobororec fructuocsd cu

Pi lot si Perpess cius sou cu Felix Aderco. Surprin-dereo lrosoturl or coroclerislr ce personoiului, lucidi-loleo observcrfiei psiho ogice osociote obi itolil inredorec osemdndril fizice vor fr intolnite consiont si inporlrel slico ]ui oncu.Nu gtim de Lo cine si-o insusit loncu lehnicile grovuripe lemn si linoleum, pe cate incepe sc le prcrclice loZurlch, impundndu le prin coliioie, oldturi de co oi si

reljefu in glps. Se poi .insc stoblli une e poslbileconexluni inlre e si diosporo din tlmpul rdrzboiu ui, cu

precodere de o Berlin, Munchen 9i ZLirich. Astfel,e i,-oL .e pL 'r oo o o €r- o zob e -to r

grcvurd uno conservoioore, llustrotd de oriigti precum Solomon SonieJevici, sou Srgmund Mour ' - sl

o olto novoioore, bozcld pe experimeni, cum erocczul ul Arthur Sego. Cu oceslc din urmc loncu vccolcboro o expozilic internofionolo a Contrmpo-ranului din 1924. E experimento cu succes oldltehnico grovurii pe lemn cdt g ceo moi recenld, cinoeumulur. Din lgll doieozcr Flori de lotus"t\ncore Segc cdulo siilizori formc e, sugerole nu numcide subiectu cu porfum exolic dcrr 9i de iehnico osproo ernnu ui, rofinot indulclto de o douo p crc-r deientd Jn I 9l 2, devine oproope obstrcrcl in DerBlifzo sau in serio de opt grcvuri d n 1913, AnStrand, cu subieci osemdndior cu ce ol unor desenerec izoie de Poscin c Cstende't in l9l4 Segoemigreozd in E velic, dupo ce expusese in foro, dorsi o Berlin sou Miinchen''. Lo Tessin-Ascono, el vc fi

de osemenl o prezenfd octrvd, vc coloboro $i culoncu o decororec Ccrboretului Vo lcrire vc pub iccr

grovuri Lo revislo Dodc (3), ior dupo razSot 11922'1933) vo conduce Novembergruppe lo Ber in si ogcoo o libero de piciuro, unde vor studlo M l-1. Moxy9i LoLo Schmierer Roih Adeptu poSi-impresion smulutdrzlu in vorionid pointi istd si prismot co, e este creolorul sinuhctneismului plostic in core, frociionondimogrneo co inlr-un coleidoscop, o recompune opoifi mic dintr-o suiio de secvenfe ing obond si romo.Sego - oulor ol unor imporlone lexie leoretice /

(lon Vineo ? cot.65), energeiiccLy composeC:-dicrgonol; Violonist (cot 64) shown during his :.monce, from ihe bcck side, deeply conceniroted -

cose the hotchlng, concentrcled n geomeirico :

rd^r 'r^ l^e loceti g r p ^ io .

n l9)2, Jonco conlribules drow ngs io Simbc -

mogozine whlch onticlpoted his future nonconfcr- ,

enlolion. llls I ustrciions emphosised the offecic'senlimenl, the synoesthesro, ond correspondence: 'period poelry, wh ch brought oboul o neurolic ^

crnd ombiguous esolericism cltogether. The s,', -:) . erA y I cn ir'te . de o L^ l'r oo er'-e t'o t -^ o .n er oce) ro 'ibed ir , oody inoq^oro*irq *i' d " -cr rp r o o n;r\ -' -L ; I

rn" n,, ;ne ono o lrooile ole or I A 6'en o re .

somehow reminds us"of Emil Or ik s work.It is worth noiing thot in l9l3 lser pub ished o :: -memorobe poriroils, occomponying o iext b. :-Locuslecnu, 50 Contenporary Characlersmorked the possoge from coricoture to ileror\ . -

gropl ooen.w i'' ,tosr '"- llltJo'.o o.rirg ^ t -oop^ro io ,vi lr ' :'

p^ ' ,.r, o'o [^l Ade o h cop'uri g |.e.,. noi eol .o r.e ru oil e rto psyctologvolion, ossocioied with his skillful renderrng of ''= :ccr fecriures, ccn be consiontly seen n .lonco's l -We do nol know from whom lonco ocquired il-=

cul crnd ljnocui iechnrques, which he begon lo p': -- .Zur ch, neverlhe ess, due io iheir quo i! he succ:=--imposing them, o ong with his co1 oges on: :rellefs. Some possib e conneclions could be es'::beMeen.lonco ond the Jewish Disoporo, espe: lfrom Berlin, Munich, ond Zurlch during ihe Gr=:Thus there were oi leosl lwo noiiceob e direc - -

on y in the fie d of engroving), o conservotory '-=troted by such ortists os Solomon Sonie er -Sigmund Mour'', cnd on lnnovoiive one, b:,-experimenl, os ll wos lhe cose of Arthur Sego . -: - .

oboroled with the lcriter for the inlernotiono ex' : '

lhe Conlimporcnul mcgozine in 1924 He sr,-- .

tested out lhe woodcut ond the Linocul ln -'- .

Flowers', dcrting from 191 1, Sego soughi t''"ly oio gge'ed a-a'/ oy l-^oo,,to ojo, b.- ol.o oy lL e ro ql . lr 9 ^lreotment, subily smoolhed by o secondc,i -: .

p ote n ,191

2, he become crlmost obslroct in .'---or in lhe series of lhe 8 engrovings from

-: -

Strond hoving o slmilor subleci with some ot --=

ings execuled by Poscin in Oslende't ln l9 - .emigroted lo Swlizerlond, ofter he hcd ex- . -Romonio, ond olso in Ber ln ond Munich ' -'Ascono he wos on octive presence ond :: :-with lonco ct lhe decorotion of Ccborel Vc : -pub shed engrov ngs in ihe Dodo mogoz ne iofter ihe wor {1920-1933) he led lhe Nover.:-r Berl'^ o^o o [^e , lool ol po r rg ^-'Moxy ond Lo o Schmierer'Roth studied. A fo :. =loepo ^pe.,io -'r''r rspoilill ,ro dpotl l^ ,rcrs I e .roo-o ot l^ p'o . ,rrr'C

I :.:v.lri pe emn, simili-obslrocio,, exe, = -;d fermd, cu ho;urolii ego e, paro

o ^ ^ d^, o'o-i\^ o ^-6't To' rle'viu dtn lg71 ", picforu M H.r lespre trecerecr so prin oteJieru lui

rLr^ ^^ l^ n-- cl -,- :: - - ::spre expozilro de lo Der S/urm si

: :u !erworth Woiden, cmlniecr si- -- Siern ccrre il frecventcr pe Segol.

. . : =-r flsese elevu lu Gysis, co si lier,- S-,.lck. Scenogrof cu exceptioncle-rilve, ce tronsformo sceno inir-o

ga e 5 !a16 ol i pd^. - , : diuri de Mox Reinhcrrdl o Deul. - : Ber rn, unde o fosl membru ol

-:- :,cd 1918, membru, co si Sego si

=nbergruppe. Nu esfe exc us coVo. , p,ao! po e d^

- -,- ,, sd fi cunoscul creoticr leclro d o- ,l..r- e' pe core oceslo e publico lcr

,:,rr,"nls. luslige Blotter, etc., dcr moi- -: : de I uslrclil ominiind ornomenlul

--'c pe core in mod cerl grctvuro

- --:"rcird o cre csupro ul lcncu ne, : :-:s.lcunem cd el or fi putui crsimi o si

,: : operei unui orlisl origincrl cc Loscdr-: ",1 .rnchen, dor din pdcoie morl pre

,. ,' e so e pub,licole in revislo Der- ) l2) si indeosebi grisoil/es uri e

' --:: - 'dzborului, re evd, pe 'ingo olrocf o- :--: s Von Gogh, o exocerbore de tip

:.ertimenlu]ul si o unel ctitudini der: comporobi d cu ceo o lui Georg

- , Jx Deoltfe,e expuneoin l916lo:, - : r MLinchen cu Erich Heckeltt.

-.'::zd o bumu cu inogrovuri pub cot lo- :: moghore de ovcngorda MA dtn

-:: -lcns Moliis Teulsch, originor din'i' 13 onvergurd europeond co g cncu.,, 3rdcpesto, Munchen si Por s, e se ori

-': a expres e p ostlccr ce se obsircc- :' Je o un expres onism pdtruns.inccr de

= ::ii spre o formL- cre nonfigurolvo pro-: r .e concenlreozd pr n obslrogere rii

-: ,: cie lormelor". lo Poris, Moitls Teutsch.e B. Fondone, redoclor o revislel

- : ': s outor ol unui iroiol in core teoret zo::niroloi ol forme or conslruciive (Kunsti

: - -r. ,.iro/ und Aktivitat im Kunstwerk, ( I 93 I )

:.rrotor pretuil lo Conttnporanul.- ' 9l 6, M oncu se of o o Zurlch, unde- ,-"sur e Scolii Po itehnice (orhrtecturc)".

. oo ol ^r'g orl lo 06 rozoo o: a.'o eo.o.qo,do orF.oo,o.,'u gruporii Moderne Bund core in

- , reo, prinlre o ie e, expozilio Picosso,r=:: o Go errc Tcnner''t. Von Rees expu-- rrsirocte inrudite oclrecum cu re refuri e

. -:= -rci lerrziu cr e iui loncu. Experimente ei'- se concenlrou de csemeni, in iurul

by breok ng ihe imcae - :reconslructs it cinemciicc .

the frome.n 1917 Sego , rvho c sc :,

orelicol iexlsr , wos \,icrl .lri,r.r -q, o o ) p.:comb ike decorcl ve su'fcrc. -

1917"', ihe poinler M .- r\,,i:r, '=

himse f wos Gysis cnd Fronk von Stuck s p.9 .. .u-hcd been once. A sloge desgner,,,nrlh ex:eo-::iimogrnotrve resources thot chonged lhe scere nlo o si-

generis p oslic conslruclion, Slern worked logeiher ',v ihMcx Reinhordt ct Deutsches Theoter in Beil r lor l6yeors; he wos o member of the Secession ond, citerl9l8 o member of Novembergruppe, iust ike Segcond Moxy. We hove reosons lo belleve thot withMcxy's he p - preoccupied with stoge design cs wel- .lonco mighl hove known Slern's theotrico creolioncrnd the coricoturesz' lhe otler pub ished in Jugend,5rp ', --qeBoe a-(. o,d^p. oi. i

..ce o I oior.^ o'ro ^Oe o o.orop/cnd ornomeni:r. Consider ng ihe rnl uence thot theGermcn expressionisl engrov ng hod on .]cnco s work,we ossume thct he could hove osslmiloted some fecr

lures pertoining to the origlnol work of lcscdr Vrore, onoclive ortisl in Munich, deod premcturely. His ccrrico-lures, pub,lished in the Der Kontet mcaozine (1911-1 91 2) ond especro ly his grotesqu e grisoille, executedduring lhe wcr, reveol, oporl from their offinity wirhC6zcnne ond Von Gogh, on excggeroied sensiiiviiy ofexpressionisi lype, cs we I os crn ottitude of ccute ucrd-ily, compcrcble to Georg Grosz s cnd Otto Dix s.

Moreover, he exh bited wlih Er ch Fleckel ot Go izGollery ln Munich in I 9l 6::n l9l7 the pub ishing house of the Hungorion ovont

gcrrde mogcrzine A,4A printed lhe inocLLls olbum bylJons Mottis Teulsch, o Brcrsov born orll:l of Eutopeonp or're .e |^ Mo, ol Jo- o Arte 'i o e ,

Munich cnd Pcris, he lurned lo o p oslic expression lhcrlgroduo ly beccme crbslrcrcl. Stcrting from cn expres-sronisl mcnner, sii pervoded by .lugendstll remem-brcnces he moveC lowords o nonfigurolive, muslccphrosing whLch concenlroies, by crbslroctton, the sinu-ous rhythms of forms". ln Poris Mcllls Teutsch workedwith Ben jomine Fondcrne, nol on y crs on ed ior oflnlegrol, bul o so cs lhe oulhor of o lrecrtise, where hedeveloped o lheory obout the contro ed energy of theconslruclive forms (Kunsr, deologie Stobilitat undActivilat in Kunstwerk, 1 93 I ); he wos o so o co loborolor of Contimporctnul.n Ociober l9l6 M..lcnco wcs in Zurich, where heregislered ot the Eco e Po ytechnique (Architecture)t'n ihe cosmopo rlon mil eu of wcr em gronls, he wcrsintroduced lo lhe cvonl qorde mcnifestotions fromSwllzer ond, sp nning oround lhe Modern B,tnd grous:,which n l9l5 hcd opened, omong oiher octivities, the

Mctce oncr, Grovrrc pe

remn I 9l /Moice lonco, \A/oodcul, l9l /

Ernsl Slern, lslrolie dir mopo

Sumurun, ll9l9 19201

Ernsl Slern, I l:lrolion frcm the

porlloiio Sumrrun, ll9l9 l?201

t77

coboreie or ilerore s cr-:i.e:'. D n oerioodo imediol urmdloore sosrrii a 7lr crt lnorto este lnco oeprovenientd romdneoscal) crecem cd doteozdr lucrorea Pictor desenind (cot 68), in core, pdstrcrnd foc-turo folelotd si imposlcrec monumento d o persono-

iului pe coo o de hirtie, in spiritu ui ser, cpore un

deicliu semniflcotiv de mobi ler, o scu plurd ofrlccnc(?), o femeie, un fe de ccrriotldo spriiinind b oiul uneiTf ese", pe core-i punem in re olie cu recepliviloieofofo de crlc necgrd cu lLvoid de cubism si, in genere, fofo de neo-primilivism Este pulin probobi coccesl desen so fi fost ucrol cr Bucuresti unde preo-cupdri e colecfroncrriLor folo de orieLe pr mitive erouobio lo incepui, desi numol cdlivo oni moj l'irziu,Corneliu Michoiescu semno in lnlegral un sugestivcriicol osupro orlei negrezr.A oturi de vechl si noi prieleni (Vineo, Jocques Coslin, lcrle Voronco, Moxy, Mliio Pdtroscu 9.o.m d.),loncu incepeo din 1922 cruciodcs Conttnporanului,crr penlru nuonloreo prodigioosei so e oclivlidll eslepooie cozu sd omlnlim oici edificolooreo so prietenie cu Fritz Boumonn (l 886 I 942)tt 9i pcriicipcreoo expozifiile grupdrii Dcs Neue Leben \o primoexpozitie expuneo 5i Segol). Este evidento inf uenfoldeilor leoreiice oLe lul Boumonn {elimincrrec diferenlei dintre crlele lrberc e g ceLe cp cole, proclicorecrcompozitionolu ui pur sl iber, re oilo noud -inlre

formo si culocre, cpropierec orlislu ui de pub c ;renuntoreo o "lrufio" cu livcrld de lo Renogtere inco-ocet". De osemeni, semniflcolivo penlru evo ufro soviiloore esie prefiguroreo unei tendinte egote denouo obleciivllole, olcriuri de cubo futurism , expresionism si cbsirociie purd: 1n .odru monlleslc ior deio Dos Neue leben unde o pcrticipct 1c expozilii e de a litc6, 1919, Berno, Bcrse, l92A'''' --,loncu o fosl recepiiv o ideeo denonslroliilor de orlctnoud pe core e promoveozcr-crpoi in Romon o s o'incurcioreo orielor op icoie -. n porole cu gruporeoomintito, se constiluie 9i grupu Rodlkc e KLjnsller omonifeslu cdruio oncu se vo referi, omintind postu o-tu ononimoiu ui opere de crrto, c ortlstului cufundotin eficlento muncii colective, pe core crlistii rcdiccr I

(Arp, Egge ing, Richter, s.o r d )" i ofiimou intr operioodo cond idei e socio lste lrlumfou peniru scurl"ro, G-ror oDtrp bcide oWe.^o'.Dupo speclocu ooso e iberore cr energiilor zcrgozuile de rozboi in mrscoreo Dodo, revenil in

Romonicr, loncu csp rd spre reconf guroreo de ibercrlzdrobitei unlidlj o imoginii, spre so iditoteo formei,spre crmonie sj muz colitole:7.Producljo so grollco mpresiononid esle rospdndiioin diverse pub icolii, volume si periodice. Lucrdri einedite sunl re clv pufine folo de ceLe iip-rrite. E e

re evd o evo utie sli islicd similord cu ceo o piclurii,de o un expres on sm ocul, o un constructiv sm /emperol a forme or obslrocie si, de oicl, lo un figurolivcu sugeslii sii islice o e unel noi obieciivitoii ocrecumlorzii. Ln schimb, inregisirdm un drum re oliv ent de occrLcoturd si portrelul grofic-ileror spre compozilio

Go ery"'. Von Rees presenled obslroct -somewhot simi or io Jonco s oter obslrocl re ::,gcrrde experimenls concentroled oround,l=cnd ortistic coborels, loo"'. From lhe peroc i-hls orrivol in Zurich (the quo iiy of lhe pc:=Romonion) dcrles, presumcb y, h s work - 'Drowing (cot 6B), where, ohhough he keep: ,

monner of fcceting slruciure ond the monur: '-lioning of lhe chorocler on lhe sheel of pope -

cont delol (o piece of furnilure) appeors 'Negro scu pture of o womon, o kind of cc-. r'porl ng the top of o lcrblet-. We wou d re c-=recepiiviiy towords Negro ond Oceon c -cul,,ism mcnlfesled o ong wilh ils loste fcr ' -vsm, in generol. I is most un ikely thot this c':

,

execuled in Buchorest, where the ort col ec':-,Ln the ort of lhe Negroes wos itle ol the :-=

however, ony o few yeors loier, Corne r l.'signed o significcnt crlic e on lhis subiecl in -Together with his old ond new friends (Vi'-:Cosirn, lor e Voronco, Mcrxy, Mililo Pt--:,.lonco begon lhe Conilmporanul crusade ' .

-order lo inlroduce some furlher dislincilons , -h.o-i,,\gr 1-^ \draT oedlfriendship with Frltz Boumonn (l 886 l91tport c polion into the exhibitions of Dos Ne-- -iheir first exhlbltion Segol exhibrted os weence of Bcumcnn s iheoreticcl decs (sucl :,nollon of the differences beMeen form c.: ,crrtlsl s c oser reLotlonship to his pub ic, ihe :'- ,'ciollon hls o d houghtiness of Rencrissor:- .

obvious. Besides, cr sign ficont foct for hl: :,'- .tion wos the forelel ing of o tendency Cof i ':newobjectivity ond cubofuiurismr , expre ::pure obslroctnesstt. Wllhrn lhe conlexl c: ,-

leben monifestot ons, .lonco porticipcrted -'- -

o orlor / i lo o B^r Boelwos receptive to the idec of new art ce--which he promoied oier in Romonio, onc --

olion of lhe decorclive orlsto. Ln porol e .. ' -

ody mentioned movemeni, the Rodilcle r .wos sel up. .]onco referred lo their mon fe.the thesls of the ononymiiy of the woT[ ot -of the ortlst cs c deep y engoged persor '-- :tiveness of the col ecllve work The Rodlc: -EggeLing, Richter, o.s.o.)tt osserted this ihe : -

when socio lsl ideos were hoving lheir s- - -

cess in Germony, during the Weimor Re:-:After the Dodo movemenl speclccu orv ,-:=gies held bock by the wor, Jonco returne:: ' :

He wlshed lo reconslruct lhe deliberclei'i :-- . -lhe imoge, by rendering its form, its hor- -co i\'o o' irP^ i^ r^b^ otqoPlred in vorlous pub icotrons, vo umes c'r ' :They revec o stylistic evo ulion cs hls ,-:lhot ls, from v o enl expressionism lowc':. ' -

sirucirvism of the obstroct forms, fo lor^re: :ve formu o, hinting ot ihe new oblec' .

' : deo, 'r 'lO:. . Dct e lJ lO' o rod o oi,ot a.o'e I Ol2. oog^ a (9'rp66.. p ot(o1d

6. r'i ga ler o' t,. olal Lr c or6. - . e,i- o o -re oir ,r .il t d,/ -o / Crl

: e\ do ls^' o r']o,o ., o o dezorli- j: ,i monechinelor ui Schlemmer si o decu. , -e-elor din hortie llnterogotoriu lo polilie,

-,- :e xilogrof, stilu of gulos si concrs ol'- . o oo'.o r- o.r o,a,:F d' .o ,e,o,aoo ,

. : d- o ^1 ^'- .a,/a a ^ p,ir., o ,i: O O'OOtO .i oTAq\O i r'OrOO,

-' d po.i'ic or r . ct ,, o,ezent r

j c ^ pe roT' -i rora I 1le,'o,o, Jmo,--coronul scu Puncf infre 1923 1926r ro'treiele lui ion Borbu, ion Vineo. Clorcrl'4inulescu (cat )44, j4Z l68, l69): : :d eJurd lronsonlir, simp/lficOnd lo moxi_I.o

' : 'r oo' ^,eo ,, e. r oo r

: -: . ce I cpropie de opero ui Kirchner scru- -: :in. Roreori oncu cr reluol unele dinlre

: - r-r!,cle in E velio (mopo cu I gravures sur- crcu et un poeme pc:r fr. tzora 191732, 133) de concepfie expreslonistar:.

..-;1 sdu se remorcd in grofico, mci oles. - e obsirocie, coroclerizlie de iensrunecr' ^o f o,a oaota.- e o,Q -o r .r

: odio-tr o- i'to o oo,o de 5 _

" a.o-: ^ fo oo.,o . l- J pr ". ^: ' .rgl . to-o t1,tora .C1

- = _^:"cenlreczd sou se desfdsocro in rrtmuri: _-:scdloore o cdror ocliune c fosi rnler

; =-ernd disputo intre bine si rdu, mosculin_- .:rg, fiind slru-clurole pe reciprocilcriec: :onlromiscdrii:!. Compozitii e iui Mollis

:- rceeogi perioodd, in core conslructicleo^.tor -a P' - ,, tr \o I ,^_r

"o.d r.[ / | gF] eto' d^ r,,2 ,,^o:'A-O Oe I rcl , erOiOOOio Op,OOpe

;tropo-6 o rp do o.,o,;o o.',. d- o-l e.ro trop-,rs, , M-.o- ::-e deosebire de ocesteo, rmocinlle lui--:'ccte de decorctiv, de osocicrtii inedite

- = 'exlurole intr un eforl de sublimore o. oo:'e Cooo. o oe.r:o e o. og

J o ao 6]a. ,pgicre ao O1I e a L i

- = inlenlti conslruclive sludiote, folcr de- ^-,-i e pub icole de Brouner, spre exem-

j: cncu si Mcxy, in numdrul unic cl onlr- - Cl; ,r lo, gt e,/t al1 r, J ,O

r oro e do( oro u" 6o 6'p "oq. , i61- -poclul gravurii o fosi, credem,"decisiv--t leserold ce pdslreozd o ongulozifole:- :cisnuinlcr lolerii emnu ui cu bricecrgul.

. ]o.O oe a1 cta , 136, ri'g s,9o.eO"zO'' '- aia o_ Do-e,..: tcan

c,/ r or,hooo rc -: -.

The vlsion of the woodcutfer, lhe crngulor ond cor:i:eCstye of the forms, cul os il in hord .o]", o, o," o ro r,"sent in his drowings, where ihe occefis set b7 rightQ,o ^d o"d -ra q-" no ag o ^ h.o, Are , i

polrticol interlude .Jcnco publrihed oriqino woodcuiscnd linocuis in eoch issue of Continpoionul and punct,beMeen 1923 1926 n this respect *. *oulJ i[L tomention lhe portro ls of ion Boibu, ion Vineo, C orcrHosl I cnd on Minule:cu \col )44, 147, l68 l69)d,onr I o rop.L,'rlo ihoo q.,) ,rp,io .led-roI o '- i9. - I s ooror, ;on or-ro icrg,,. oqo F or I teo r.on o too t ' .l oqo,- ,eines, recollrng Kirchner s ond Mcr pechrreriys workNow crnd ihen,.jonco would pick up ogoin some of hisp oles of expressionisl

_ cor.rcepi;orr1

"ngrouud ,n

Swltzerlond (lhe cytle ol B grctvures ,r, bJi, par M.J.o19o.1t L1n poeme par tr tzaro, lglT - cot I 31,

32 1J) (o :r' .rr, - .,d-opoeoreoo oo..or,;-'l p6pt6rr OnpOI;O hOO ^Z^rJO\Otef.,O^ b.',ve^, ,ho bor, geotr e'., ot 6 Fa Fr I p o -Cloround o centre of rodtorLn remrnding il-." ,".[".L"syslem of ihe ock., Points, orrows, crn j triongles, circuO'o,eog hop"o-O -a ore.o.t ^- gr^j O, O o6q aU .tr,..i.^l ,r ^o.i o h,rhr ' 6r s" ^ 6, ,;.

o,^ ^9 o 01 erF I o o r,o o io b^-a atr qooo o oevil, lhe mo e ond femole princip e, or yin #d yor,,g'lhey cre slructu-red on the reciprocity of mofion onicounler molion:"r. n Mcrftis Teufsch s composiiion of lhescrme period, the definite construclion orqon zed lhe6rogiplo c poi i.^ ,o' ,-o 11 hY.nooo,. I

hed 1," o \o d, .i.. o"d r gd, e,o ro..^ . c ^o-tiona[ :tyle viewpoini however, he wou d delimit o]mostpyromrdol scoffodings, comporoble in their spirit to AriD6co loscincrlion for Egypitcrn ond Mesopoiomicrncrrchilecture/!. Un ike these worl s, ior.rco s imoces.l ot 6 6q.9 6,.^ o.{re. ord ro*

- ot bror,or o,

leriured oreos meoni lo sub imole lhe drown surlcrcelCon,position, News Vendor, cot. 99; IOO) The ftrmcul clong with the doring cutups tesiify for t'he ccrrefuconslruclive intenlion, os compored lo lhe linoculs pubished by Brouner, for inslcnce, in the onlv issue oi tl,er:ntimogozine 75 HP l)onco ond Mo*y oi:o publishedthere), whlch ore but the resuli of on inte plov of whiteo"d oto., ^d o ci )^',o,v ro . W^ ,h,-. .,onood hod o d" i,tr rpo r o. h s o.o,n rq 1 ethe lotter retoin o cerfoin ongulority speci[ic to ihe hobir

l,y'orce cncu

Morce.lolcoVin etc, 1922Vlqnette. 1922

lhs

fthIF

Victor Brouner, Focu de oBcnco de CreCit, 1925Victor Brouner. Fire ct Credit

Bonl, I 925

Henr Donie, Ccfeneo o

Bocc,1932Henrl Doniel, Cole ln Bo c c

1932

Din 1926 doteozo Coui c:ncozilii in ccre oncucoutd sb formu eze

.intr o vor onia Cecorot v-conslructiv-r exper menle e nonfigu:oi ve si cromotico cuecouri psihologice si emoliono e, randuild in cu otl,,concove' cu putere relorlcar (cilron, verde Verone-se, o boslru de Pruslo, cormin) sr ,,convexe', mrnoreco forto (crom, rosu cincbru, verde, negru-olb)a'.Ag omeroreo ritmlcd o suprofelelor onimoie deculorr conlrcsionte {osemonotoore co efecl cu une edintre creclii e veslimentore ole Soniei Delounoy) inPion (cal. 76), su o profunziune de hosuri, punctesou omprente, ce foce greu izibi o figuro unuor echin moleflc precum tn Compozilie \cat.77) esleo conslontar. Esle poole un exemp u cri doritei infrotirio crrte or op icoie cu cele rbere, dupo derle ui

Boumcnn, oncu fiind de o tfe sl un repulcri scenogrofsl creotor de coslume".Prodlgios creolor de mo9/i loncu or fi puiui foce,dupo spuse e unui contemporon, concurentd otereru ui fotogroltc luliefa" . Cond Aderco lo solicitcipenlru ccrteo so cu jnlerviuri preluond o modconsold cu pufin timp.in urmd o Poris'a -, loncu oposlrot in desen eg-rlurc inlrinsecd cu grcvuro, iniotoiooso, incdrccrtd de cerneo d, lronscriind eficienilrdrsdluri e modelu ui surprinse o folo ocu ui. Consecvenl concepliei potrivit cdreio inlo ore vo oore prevo-lento in compunereo operei p ostice, e ofirmo. "Linic

occenlueozdr ozi grcfico unui ioblou, formeozoorobescu , determino compozilic, silueozd formc.Deseorl cngcjeczo cu ooreo inir-o cvenlurd neprevozulo si dincmizeozd, reduce seniimento tsmucu ori si moi oles ccceniueczd corccleru specificobslrccl ol compozitii"". Preop inu emofionol olmdinii vo evouc de o desenu crngulos (cminiimAuloportretul limpuriu pub icot in 1923 1n

Continporc:nuf'', tn credo vizioncr) lo unul iber, ner-vos, ln core din cdievo sumore rnodulori de duct, inioprecizectzd generos formo (Porlre ful sculploruluiCscctr Han, Porlretul lui lacques Coslin, cal. 92,I lO). ln onii 1930 l94O desene e sc e mdriurisesc omuzico itcrle foliso o in ei, cu ritmuri sincopole souente, nuontote de rcfinole pulsofii de co d-rece. Posie u cu preiiozitoti e ui vdrocse i olroge, porhele eprieleni or llon Vinea, Dida Solonon, coi 102, 103)fiind odevdrcte revdrsdri de culori code, bogole,so cre, si unde pozo fronto o, directcr, nu rdeo \zeazo,ci esle mci degrobo un prelext penlru debordonteelc dri cromolice Porlret de femeie (cot. 1 1 2l ref ec,lo modu in ccrre oncu, coiife ond prin estompoforme e amp e generoose, se opropie co spill deucrori e lui Mossimo Compig i, ceeo ce presupune ocunooslere semnificotivo o nou ul c osicism". Exisio onoto de umor omcrT in une e desene ole ocesleperioode lMoS Crociun cot. I OZ) ce vo cu mino crdesene e onilor l94a 1945 in core ortistul olunge cr

o concrzie depllnO c expresiei: din cOievo inii cupenilo si cdlevo occenle cc de de posiel sugereozoumeo noud, pilorecrscd 9i co orcld o CrientuluiApropiot lArab cu mctgar, Arabi, coi I 18, 121)

of cutiing the wood pLoie with o knife ln foct '-- .:drowings ofien suggesl the effecis of the woc:,. :they do indeed ln Iucian Blaga's Portrait lcclT vo.o^ oo.i or do rg',or o2o lor '

,o 'o ^rL o-a 1 o decoro .e or - .-i /e - c jnonfigurotive exper ments cnd lhot type of cl-', - .

ooded with psycho ogico cnd emoiionol ec.-- -

p oyed rn o ronge of "concove" lcolours, irc : - .

noie) endowed with rhethoric force ( emon, \, :' .green, Prussion b ue, cormine) ond "convex" :-hoving o minor force (chrome ye ow, green, \: -

ivory b ock)'' A slecrdy dlrection of his mcnr:-rhythmic ogglomeroi on of lhe oreos onimotec :lrosting co ours (hcving o simi or effect wilh - - . .

Sonic Delonny's clothing models) os ln Piono ': -ond ln the profusion of hotchings, pornls cr: .prints, which mokes ii difficu t, for inslonce, lo :: -

figure of the evll hcrlequin, os it is in Compcs ' .

/Z). Perhops lhis is cn exomple of lhe ong \,r:'- .

brotherhood of lhe decorolive cnd the seve :crls, occord ng to Boumcrnn s idecs. I is wcr - -

here thct.lonco wos olso cr wel -known scene'. r- .

A o o o.'-1 c 1i'As o prodigious designer of mos,(s, .lonco cc - :rivoled the lulieta '', the photo siudio, occor: - -

01 ^r po o / r.r ^ opir'or. Wt'^r Aoehim to co oborote to hls books of intervews : - -Porision foshlon thot lhe former took up quick', , .

moinloined lhe close re clionship with the wcc L -

shorp line ooded with nk, efficient y renderinc '- = ,lures of ihe mode , coptured ci thoi given r.:--keeprng with the ldeo of the prevoi Lng volue ci" -in composrng the p oslic work, he stoled - lpointing the ine emphoslzes lhe grcphic, mck:.orobesque, esloblshes the composilion, ptr,-form. I often engoges the colour in on une,: - - =

odvenlure, energizes, reduces ils seniimenlc,- '

moreover, ii stresses the specificoly obslraci .'. . . ,of the composilion''5 The overflowing emcl:-brush deve oped from lhe ongulor drcwing i...= :lion the eorly Se/f-Porlroil pub ished in Conri:-:,in 1923"', c visronory credo) to o f ree, neru: ,, ,

where the ine generous y defines ihe form :. . -

brlef modulotlons (IAe Portrait of the sculpic' - .,Hon, The Portroil o{ locques Caslin , cal 92ihe

,l930s ond I 940s his drowings show cr. -: .

mus cc ity of the line, with syncopoted or s ovr '- -"nuonced by sophisticoted vlbroiions of v,.,:--- .

co ours. The crcyon, with rts dusiy, offec-::seduces .lonco; his friends' poriroits (/on /in:: ,Solonon, cot. 102; 103) ore fiooded with wc'^'colours, whi e the direct, froniol pose does ro' l: :the subiect, but it is rcrther o prelexl for o.-- -

exp osion. For insionce, Woman Polrctil I,c:' -ref ects the monner in which .lonco, by mode ' :omp e, generous forms shoded by wcy c: .r - :

opprocches lhe sp rlt of Mossimo Compig i : . .

which indicoies his octucl knowedce of '.=Cossicism!/. There is o nole of bltte,irrou, - ,

-r JCrdrilor de tinerele, cdnd ulilizo hdriie, - nbru sec (produso in Romdnio sou in--:- : djn perioodo inlerbelico sunl recl-

z o de r: po..e o . Lor'o oe .o .

'o.a r o'ooeoor\osJd de. -.t, celelolle opere sunl reduse co- l .iTe e e ovOnd oeru unor ]ucrdri

- -,: e oregdliloore suni pufine (Nud. - B)) ^eo e . ge eozo roi

, -:':l Cireclo cr pcnzei .in picturo,

'ol o oer ' pa/ 91 ^-"l rile

- ce il oo.op e do oo,e" de

- l-:-r se configureozd in contexlu::'::i romctnesti si, in ocest sens, se

- - ---::rciii sesizonle. Aslfe se oocte- '': compozillile de focluro con-

,e 1.. 'or (" .e e p o i, ore,r ' *pa O.. P, , C '.O.r d.

Mc v se 'er'o'.o p',r 'or'r6l^o,oli, rr oloJ'

,rrofete or in obordoreo unorae loncu, core ore o viziune:cnld, corespunzdlocrre siudi-

-,':r 5i el c unor remorccbile-r-;-::rsr, fudor Arghezi, Mox:-.Jre cenirifug, ritmrc, imogr-r - pe reverberolii e multlp i

l:: csemeni prieten si colobo

: -':'ul pro eciului ccsei sotilor- ob, Dor,-l soop"op,

:= :,b sm, optond penlru onc. .: orolio de icotcr c eslompei.

,, ,,:color o lsloriei si tehnici]or---- Cesen cu o rold umoristicd,: l.curesliului, peiso je pline de-= : Solcic, fiind renumit peniru

, negrului. Delicoteieo liniei,. :e sensibi itotecr emoiiei, il': ':-: de loncu- -:3eiote rdndurl cu scu plorito- - : iolentold o nooslrd co obo

:ourde e, dcr frecvenldnd si

-r r c-riuio impreund cu loncu-: ^r core loncu reprezento

r :rrno p ostico. ln oceostd:l ieolizo sl unele reLiefuri pen

= - :'c de oncut'. Grofrco ei,,+ , dr - porl e e.ploo o

.j oo fo-"o -o oe5 1

- : -: lcotdr in Puncf, cu formu dri,:: c cerlevo inil cu ioieturo

=::--' riimlce. Asociind in desen

- --: roili iehnice (tempercr, lu9,

i r--'e de cuLoore neogro elc.),'-^'l revenind, ocoperind piclu

..,'.6 po..66lo .. ata

drowings of this period iSc-: - - : - :' , -ro.ed r red.o,n -l'l eo,s' ,^66r-1 ,o-[--..some pen llnes ond worTr . .=",- =: , -- - , , -suqqesls lhe new picturesc-: l-: ,, - - --

lhe Neor East lArabicn r.:, --r-.- --- - .

il8, t2t)Exceptinc hrs eory works, u,-e- -: -:--r - t- r - -.

d'o*ngpop^' ^'ho o': : : :

ond Frcrnce), the inlerwor wcr[s ',v:-: ]"1., - , _-,: - jpooe'wooo'tooooe-to J.c: -: l,eC Lrr^ de qr el ApO- .o- : -. : _

dimensions, the other works ore roiher s-: r-: .==-[nore or ess occosrono] There cre eu., c-3CC"c'rr-rsketches (Woryqn nude, cal. BO 82) wh c: :J9!eri cdrrect osscu I of ihe concrvos in porntino cnC sl-cui.-c con-stonl concern for the crouched ir,visted posii on: or lhosern-h le or-l)

^ oA ope4

^ t- -'rp o-oa - .o 'r o

cnd surloces they ool like c scu ptor s drowingslndeedMorcellonco's ortdeveloped n ihe generol conlext ofihe Romonion ovonfgcrde, c,nd some meon nq[u comporisons couid be drown in ihis respecl. Thus, we ccrnestcblish o relotionship beMeen .lonco's cbsirocl composilions in conslruclivisl monnei, ond lhose publishedb Vt-lMo, IinCo^-poo' ond,. o oMo , t,oin'n9 o. o poir te ; ob.'o,. 'n lhe ^r pr o j

of the decorotive e ernenl, the breolinq ol surloces ondforms, cs wel os ln ihe woy l" tJ.i

", r;;; ;.turesque subiects, unlike lonco, whose visron is morecondensed ond powerful, showinq hls cr.hlteciurcllrcrining. Moxy, who o so drew some remorlob, e por-ircrils (Conslonttn Brancusr, Tudor Arqhezi, Mc:, Jacob,elc.") composed the imoge rhythml-olly, on o cenirfu-go bosis, conceniroiing the detci crround the mu tip y

gttrrF b-o-or,ot- oln^.o-lo o.

llenrl Donie'n wcs .lonco's friend ond col crborolor forwhom he designed o house crl 9 Ceres Slreei Donlelccme to cubism rother intuitively, choosinq ihe unciuousness of ihe cont6 ond the de icoie ve vei shoding oflhe stump. The oriist wos very conversont with the hLto-ry ond techniques of grophics, ond prociised c kind ofdrowing pervoded by humorous noles in the scenesfrom the Buchoresi s ums, whie hls londsccrpe. lromBo cic convey on Orienlo nosto qro. l-Je wos clsoknown for his skiJLful grodotion of white ond bLcck. Thede icote line, endowed wiih force ond sensilivlty of emo-,;O

O,Cr ry 1n ^O, O O O- eo5t 'naoo Olr.lonco exhibited severol times iogether with ihe sculptress Mrito Pdiroscu, our most lo enled col oboro-lor tt. Bourdel e's pupil, but equoly o constont visiior ofBroncusi's studio, she ond.lonco mode o poir ofcubisis , ln which lcnco represented the colour, whi e

Mi1ilo the p osiic forms. n ihls "oriislic fel owship t', sheolso ochieved some re iefs for -lonco's buidings". Hergrophic work, concenlrcted on nudes ond poriroiis,explored the sculpturol effect, the scoffo ding of forms,especiolly in the linocufs published in Punct. They showforrns reduced lo essenfio/s, lo some lines wit'h ftticL

Mox Hermon Mory, Conslruclielnlegro d, 1925Mox Hermcn Mory. ntegio

Conslruciion 192.5

ivl to lott 5. u ,o!o I du

193 I

Miilio Pctroscr. Two Nudes,93 I

loncu.insusi ero cltros de -errico vi-.c iu ui, de conru-'' 'eq g'^ r'P'cUn o t orlisi, de csemenl co cborcior a Contimpo,

lanul, a fosl Cornelru Michai escu , core pornind deo odmiroiio fofo de C6zonne si orto pr miiivo,irecond prin licrlic, vo lucrc 'in spirii cubist si conslruc-tivist pono in on i lreizeci, ccnd se vcr orienlo vdrdiispre suproreo ism. Unele dinlre lucrcrri e sole deoof co tloi p^r11 J pi,- o 4 ^ I No. ornoortA cu fier de cctlcoit se opropie oorecum devrziunec socodold, de fotetori e cubiste c e ui oncusi de so lditcrteo formo d o orld-Aco r rri

Mcrce oncu c fosi oprecot de conlempoioni nur o de oro^oo'oo .i oe -oo ioao oor a, ior oo

culiurc core ou vozut 1n e pe cor feu crlei noi. De ooriico ul ui Jccques Costin core semnolcr 'inloorcereo.in

lord, i": 1923 cu occrzic pr mei expoziiii de cMcrson d'Art, o unui oriisl de o e emenloro virulenlo,de o cerel,,rc itcie nietzschenionc pcno o orllco e eomog crle dtn Focla .1932)" semnificoiive pentrudeschlderecr sl nevo o de sincronism c cu lurriromonesli cu ceo europeond, ,,lconoc osl' , ,,A Gozo i

o p.icturii' loncu ero receplol co picfor-profet ce oo.f. . o p'^-nol to , \.D.t ordO oa\p a o ro^

lcrrdu ' ole cdrui opere vor li dispulote n viilorime demuzee si ocodemii. Prin vitolilofe si forlc seniimeniu ui,prin implicoreo cutezdloore ln procesu de innoire ooriei romdnesl , pr n cur oziioteo si pcsionolo inovcrtietehnlco, opero orofrco o ur Morcel loncu nu dezminleocesl odevdr.

NCIEl. A Robot, ,,Cu Mcrrce loncu despre e si despreol'i, t Pa- po ., ZoBO s, g l9:o p.2.A-r'^ o.e..e'r oale' o etro.obo n

ccrre ser o ucrol grovurd cu ocul incepOnd din1921 , a indemnul se pore ol lui Poscln cu core eropr elen rec izcrnd p onse ce ou Tdmos de neego crt;

v Pictorul Pctsctn lo cofenea, 190B repr in Reperforiul, 1981, nr.4063 precum si repr de cr nr 4833

4844, v. si ,,lser I B8l 1958. Expoztie reiro-

:peciivd', coi. de Porcschivc Glouber Poior 9i RcduBerceo, Bucuresli, I 9833 ln I 909 ser deschideo lc Bucuresti, lo Pclotu Ater€ | aOA,iO rlorO- CoO- .i DerOir 6a.pOZ.tie primiid cu rezervd de public v si Peire Opreo,Op^ o o,- ',e r M .zo. o^ A'-o o D.S.R. rRevisla muzeelor, nr2, 1967 p 130 - ,136

unde esierep od r> p oi^!lI ooet F oorog I i o^, al.. PA.l?o,,^at. t.o..OO ^6.pO>1.,e Oo^OI 82I / 944, Craiova, I a8O Moriono V dc ,,Oo:e voli osuprc unor mode e sti istice ole coricoturi]or/ul Conslontrn .liquidi .in

Revislo muzeelor, nr.),I 990). Do e -ogl pp l0 4)6 Grr:tficc, nilitontc) tomcsneascd ( A bum ), Bucuresti,l 963, cop I B4B 1 92 1 "; Pove 1984 pp 22237 Eena Moieescu, ,, osil lser - c.ilevo modolitofi de

o-i' orr'L'.od t.tri'aptrro 1

rg .l e wo ld o.5o io ^ ^obo oro ,o,col combincrtion (lemperc, chincr-ink, chorcc:.icl bo,L .oou.d pcrpe .. 1. h^ o.or d o r-t re . .r'ed o o.o,e ed o oorsurfoces n o per od when Jcnco hlmse]f'wc: :by the iechnique of stolned gloss window cs ,..:the hcrrd blocI out ine in pcrintLngi:.Corne iu Michoilescut'wcrs onoiher orilsl or: _ -

rcrlor of Conttnporanul, he beqcn by oc-7a a a d le p r e o oo tro-: - .

*o'[oo ir^ bloo o L-\,-fo':1930s, when he obviously lurned lo surrec :-of his grophlc works ore poifting sludies - .Still live with lron-t'), somewhol close to jo-:-cubist fcceting vision ond to the formo sc : -

o rl-d-aco

Morcel -lonco wcs high y este-^med by his - - - -rories, nol only by lhe ovontgorde ortists, r -the mojority of high-brows, who scw ln l- -- -senger of lhe new orl. From Jocques Co:-- ,

which onnounced the relurn lo Romonlc i. :lhe occosion of the first exhibilion (ot Mcls:cn orlisi of fundomenlcr viru ence, of N e - -cerebrcrliry'", tl the orlic es prois ng his lc e-' -wos co ed conoc crsl", 'Al-Gozcfl of po r . :llshed in Facla 11932):3, significonr for the ,:_=ord -te ra6o o lr or rc r^ Pow I W- or' -.'op. Jor .o no l o.oor^r ord o prop . o ogele. \. D.-el i'q'e d, o.i^' u o\a voI r ,

in future by museums crnd ocodemies hcs:-foci Hls viiolity ond force of senirmenl, h s c:oori L-po.c. of,oTono o- ^:

h ilcr.eo aoc oooo. o.oapU I

o iouot or oi (o ^c op.ro,Mcrcel Jcnco s grcphic work cs we

NOIESAl Pobo C Mo e o- rdop--

o {Wi ,Mo e,-o,o c,boIroRanpo, no 4680, August 1933, p 1

2. We remind lhe remcrrkcbe technlcru-. i-

^ or. eO o v oOi' 3aq T; 9 n'. a2

'olo,n rq i r ^rd Do . 5 oo\ e.unpora e ed p otes. See Poinler Pascin c' " =, QOB eo od eo r ?^p^ ,o , -oB

cl d olso 'ep od rc-o 'o-"r o aB3 J ABal^ BB o5BPe-oQtrr-[.] o09 o bv ooro.l'uo Go be Poo .:

Berceo, Bucuresti, I 983.3. n 1909 ser, together with Foroin, G: ,-Dercin opened on exhibrtion oi lhe A-=.B.Loe ^ l-,io,eoo,odp.oic -o .o Do-e Op eo lo.it ..o A .

R.S.R ', in Revisto Muzeelor, no. 2, 1967 c :nloela,\co\^.p.o6 o.oio:-d ceo4 S Poul Rezeonu, The Historv of Fine Ar.:

t\I

tstorio Arfei, 5er o Arlocp 149 - 1 59; Povel,

-.-moln ou XX-eme siecJe,

,,,emenl roumoin d ovonl^e i'Hisloir-- de l'Arl Sete3/ noto 1O 9i repr l - 4.cie de obicei cu inilio e

:: nli, cum este cozu iuo orlr o'e .lI

;: iI912),tnv 2254,v ei

:r-. p. I 5l

9l 8 I 920) grcvurd pe

o't5o'1 tr.y5' looa :

'o la5 it ?er >.o \l1 oo o 'aBA p taA56. Ro.no, .or M' 'o G c: :.

oo3 ae -t a ropr- , :

Pcve 1984 p 23277 I -^no Molee . lo. i

presenl humon figure n inlerwci -)':'.' ,.'si Cercelori de lsforio Arlei, ile se' :. ,t -

tome 28, l 98 l , p.l 49 1 59; Pove ' 9:- : :B Andrei Plntille, L'Art Roumc n cu X)'-:^-: . =: =Consideirclions sur e Mouvemeni Rourc' L4 :-1gorde', in Revue Roumc:tn d'Hisloire ce Ai: Se-eBeoux Arts, Tome XXIV, 1982, footnote lO. oro I I 4.

9. As o ru e, these drowrngs ore s gned wlth coLi

q ophlc inii ols inside ihe imoge, cs it is the cose ofihe il usiroljons show ng three women, nude, bust forTheodor So ocolu's texi.

Ccrf e l! \r',ichal es.L ono,

931)

Corne iu Mlchdilescr, .]onohv.1ll

l- o si co porlreiisi. nlre

.- :: de noople bucuresleond.- : OO .'7AA 'lO rO O

, -: semnand cu Pseudonlmu: :: 7 ian ,1923,

scrio despre, :,ld ce ominleo de ,,primc: r :xoreslonlsto'. Lo Morcel: :: r.lneo problemo ,,emofie:-- -r el optlce, oblectele dinr,':: noier o copotind o forlo

- -. r c,inlre ollele, Domnrsoara

= I :c Solomon, pe core loncu

_ -t_jtu ttogico'

:-i. , - :i erreisen ", in Europcttsche

. - ,:-:pnik ous Berliner Kunstverlar ::-L n. 1 989, p 96.

: - :' . ' i, Bucuresti, 1 990, pp 1 89I -. ::scu, ,,Restllulri. Arthur Segol

-': t. 12, 1 984, pp B 1 O-' - :-:- Kunstlerbtogrctphien in Rej-. .--,i. Revolultonc:tre Kunsl ln

I : . ?33, (cot ), Ber in, I 979 9

-- -7MNAR,inv26455r=--:spective M H. Moxy', in

Pp \2 5t- .-t nv l3l3: ='- 'rsi S/ern, Ber in 192a, Enciclo

I O /on L. Caragiale's Portrctir, \1 9l 2) The NotionolMuseum of A* of Romonlo (NMAR), tnv.2254 See

o so Elenc Moteescu, work. quof., reproduclion, p.

t5lI I So omon Sonie evici {1 878 l91Z) studred in

Munich. ln )912 he drew londscopes wllh romcrnli

colLy hcloed monuments, similor ln monnet ond fro-.n'te o 'h" S^ r^. 01 or ^..' 2 ,iq r' d Mo. ( Boz ooo to'r eo B^ r r

{1914l916) ond in Zurich (l9lB l92O) woodcui,inocul, ond lithogrcph c ccricotures wilh onti wor chor-

octer, owed to .luoendsti vision, ond publ;shed in the

poges of the Nebe/spo//er mogozrne Between l92ll924 le ochieved iihogrophed porlroits of severcl cul-r.ol O^.r6p6 ie. 7yL, I 1^p; ,.d.pcroo1rIe oO.(ror M 1 -,. B" on r tordcr'^ ' dor Arqt ez

o.s.o.). H s socic rsl be iefs drew him close lo Cuvontulliber, where he published his drcrwings; in 1934 he

publ shed on olbum, Sodoma, w lh expressioniste.hoes, insp red from the Buchcrest nlght llfe. He wos

one ol the shorpesl chroniclers of new ort exhibltions,

signing with hls pen nome, Lucifer. n Ronpc:, Jan.7,IQZS, he wrote oboul M .lcnco's exhlbitlon; ofier he

ecolLed ihe primocy ol senilmenl in ihe express onrst

ort", he mcinlcined tl-iolwiih Morce lonco the 'lniernco-ro'or apro. od b, , o or the obi^n'n^poni'qor^ prt ol,,^d ^hl-ro-otet o oo.

o new force, which is reveo ed, omong mcny olher

po nl ngs, by Miss lulio, the porlroil of ihe o.tress Didcr

\oo'ro rLor ,olo op o o '. n o l-ogi. I 7po"o ;

13 NMAR, inv 2484714 NMAR, tnv 2252315. Moriinc .luro, 'KLjnslLerreisen' , in Europatschel\/oderne. Buch und Grophik ous Berltner KansL

verlaqen, l BqA 1933 {cot ) BerLin 1989, p 9616. Amel o Pove, Arthur Segol, os cr Young Mon , in

The Traiectories of Sight Buchcrest l99O p I 89 102,ond Cotc in Dovidescu, ,,Restilullons, Arthur Segc unpu

b ished in Romonio", in Arlo, no l2 l9B4 p B l0I / Hoffmeister Christlne, Kanstlerbtoqrophren in Revo'

lution und Reolismus. Revolutionare Kunst tn Deulsch'

878 la l/J c studlot lo, : ce sole cu monumente,

. op opore, o to. t'-o

.l=. u,rllJugendsii , publiccto.. . o. Pe.^ri d oo^ oz

ih

hilil

F

il

2l .'No fgong Goetz, f.i-<'-(-;r' )er ln 1920, Enciclopedio dello speffc:colo, Romc l975,vo lX, p 35122 ?ave )984 p 2723. Gheorghe Vido, ,,Mcitls Teuisch si diologul euro-peon o forme or', ln Ata, rtr 5/) 984; v. gi Ju ioSzobo, Moltrs Teulsch Jonos, Budopesto, 1983,Unqorische Graphik in Ausl<tnd Deulschlond v/ 9l I 1933, (Cot ) Berlin, I 99024. Seiwert, 1993 p 44a25. Roymund Moyer, Dada in Ziirich Die Akteure,die Schauplorze, Zat\cl, 1990, pp I 3 l9 Pentrumiscoreo Dodo 9i Tondenzen der Zwanziger Jcthre,15, Berlin )977 3/pp 127826 Roymund Moyer, op.cit. pp.33 48.27. Seiwert, 1993, p. 325 9i p. /35, iLustrofii e nr. 606t28. Corne iu Michoi escu, ,,Arlo neogr-r ' ,in lntegral.Revistd de siniezd modernd, nr 4, 1925, pp lO I l.29 Seiwert, 1993, pp 97lal3O Morce oncu, ,,Arhiiecturo'in Mi;careo literora,nr 15, 1924 p. l. ,,Azt ca si o to dcto orlislu, inluindlrufii vcne,.imbroco horno munciloru ui si coboord inuzlnd... , ,, nsemnoii de orid', in Conlinporanul, nr.45, 1924 ,,Artislcrlizon crtificiu ore irel sensuri deo-sebile cu oporenid de osemdnore ( ) ; ,,C, cdl creotoru stie sd fie mcri degojot, i9i poslreczo perfecti-uneo, se feresle de obi ltali, cu oldl expresio crlisiicoeste moi violentc, moi iscusrtd. Tehnicc nu ore nrmiccomun cu vrrluoziioleo 9i ortificiu . {etc.); ,,Arhiteclurosociolc' ,in Contimporanul nr. 93 9495 I 930 ( )

,,Muncllorri lnlelecluclL si monuoli troiesc socrlficiulindjvldului penlru lolo ilcle.. , v. sl Moricno Enoche

lYida) Morcel lancu in Rondnict, tezc de icenio,coordonclor stiiniific prof. dr. Pou Constonlin, monuscrls docli ogrcrflct, Blblioteco nstitutu ui de ArleP osiice, Bucuregii, 1916.3l . Foloslt de Mc evici in I 9l 3, lermenu de cubofutur sm reprezento o sintezdr crecloore inire cubism(frogmentdri, forme geomeirice, o noud conceplieosuprc spoiiului picturo ) si futurism (sublecie legotede dinomismu vief r moderne in trmp si spotiu, inmediul urbcn si industriol, un elos rconoc ost);Christlno Lodder,,,Russion Avonlgorde Art. fromNeo-Prlmilivism io Conslructivism', in lct VonguardictRusa l9a5 I925 en las Colecciones de los MuseosRusos, (Coi.) Ccncrios, )994 p 3Ol 9i noto 22;Seiwert, 1993, p. 258 9\ notc: 467Jf !e wcr l o93 p 983 3 lbidem34 ln I 924, impreund cu Andrei Vespremie si

M.H Moxy, oncu deschide un olelier de orte deco-rcrllve, devenit opoi Acodemio orlelor decorolive(strodo Cimpineonu lZ). n 1926 l92B ocest crte ieresle condus de Mony (Atelreru lntegrolului), ior intre930 O35 rr oneozo .ub.o-d-. e1a6 6.-^11 6.i

.o S ro o otr Arle Do, o o-ve.35 Seiweri, 1993 pp I 13 1 15; v. si Morcel oncu,Arl e. rro ir Con';npo onut t. aB Q?a

36. Seiwert, 1993, p 114

17. Floffmeisler Chrlsline, KUnstlerbiographier ' t :lution und Reolismus. Revolutionctre Kunst in ) -land l9l7 bis / 933 (Cot ) Berlin, 1979, p i-lB See Contposifton, l9l/, ot NMAR, lnv. 2:-:,l9 Mrhoi Drigcu,'Retrospeciives, M. ll \i:.Artc:, no.4 5, Aprll Moy, I 971 , p 52 5420. See Three Wonen, ol NMAR, inv l3l :2). Wofgong Goetz, Ernsl S/ern, BerlirEnciclopedia dello spettocolo, Romo, 1975 . , ' *

X, p.35122. Pavel, )984 p.2723. Gheorghe V do, 'Mcttis Teuisch c- iEuropecn Diologue of Forms", in Ario, no .-' :-:S-^e olsoJu o Szobo, MaltisTeutschJonos, 'Q,- - - l,

)983, Ungorische Graphik im Auslond. De.'-.' :lqlS I933, (Cot.)Berin, l99O24 Seiwerl, )993 p 44O25 Roymund Moyer, Dada in Zirich, Dte -.': :die Schauplotze, Zrich, 1990, p l3-19 : iDodo movemenl, see o so Tondenzen der Zr'. :'- ,.la' ,e I \ Be ir > p. l-2 /8.

26 Roymund Moyer, work reference, p 3: -:27. Setwert, 1993, p 325 ond p. 235, LL:" :,

no. 60-6 L28 Corne iu Michoi escu, 'The Art of il-e :-Negroes', \n lnfegrc:/, Revista de stnlezct -- .- .

no 4,1925, p. 10 1 1.

29 Seiweri, 1993, p 97l0l30. Mcrrcel .lcrnco, Architeciure", in Miscarec - - :,

no 15, 1924 p.1 :'Todcy, iust like in the::, 5

ortisi, hoving understood lhe vcrin houghlines: :the worker's overo ond goes down inlo il'e :: -'"Arl Noles , \n Contimporanul, no. 45, l92Lcroftsmon - orlifice, three different meonings .: :: -.ingly simi or { ) The freer on crrlist behoves = ihe preserves his freshness ond ovords tricks, -'- *violent cnd resourcefu hls crlistic express cr .Technique hos noihing in common wiih vlrtL:, i.

orlifice."; 'Sociol Archiieciure , in Conlintpc":-.0391 05 lo3o'( I ^i^a,-o cr-o -foclurer experience ihe socrifice of ihe inc', : -

lhe mu titude...'; see o so Moriono Enocl-e -

Marcel Jonro in Romania, o dlp omo thes . l

Professor Ph D. Pou Consicntin, lyped mon-,, :r

the Librory of the Fine Arts Fcculty, Buchcresi - -

3l As lt wos employed by Mo evici in l9l 3

of cuboJulurism represenled o synihesis r:' ::'cubism {frogmenlolion, geomelricol forms, c -=ceplion on ihe pointed spoce) ond fulursr :, -connecied to the dynomism of modern life lr - - : r

spoce, in iown ond indusiricr mi ieu, lconoc c: =see Chrisirno Lodder, "Russion AvcrnfGorde - -Neo-Primitivism io Conslruclivism", in lo Vc-: , :Ruso 1905'1925 en Las Collectiones de /c-.

-. .

Rusos, (Cot.), Concrics, 1994 p 30l, onc i- :22; Seiwert, 1993, p 258, ond footnote /:-

33 ?;:r:;' 1ee3' p eB

34. ln I 924, )anco together with Andrei Ve.: -

, , - utile' , in Mendion, caiel

=::--rd, ocum cernd subiectul.= .l puleo vorbi mci curdnd,-. - 1.s1, o irojoe

:ro do,pouoo d ^s-- , c:incipc si conslruclie,- l-lre, despre ormonli si dis-

= : ccordurl du ci'. Atros de

-: : r l:omilie prietenio slo::'e un orgumenl in pLus-':-es spec oL penlru relolio

.,-:,ci si orticolele. ,,T.S.F.

,-r:r s morl et 'opotre de cr

-- ll,/31 ion l925 P' 3r:ur le m6tier' , in Punct, nr.:otct Poris l91B).

:= -:' Mctrcel lctnco, Te Aviv,

r::l en Roumonie' , in Revuet. i-r Serie Beoux-Aris, Tome

l :'- , in Conlimporonul nr-

:"j noud o Conltmporc:tnului-. , 'l ooo.lor. .o e . rpr'r-. \ )(o ^o {Aro,e \^.-.-'t o:r ,,-,doCot rc- : lrmdreo produciio me o-, - -rno d in ropori cu senzoli

l--: si piesc: Moctrt'ea veseld,: :vreinov, in reqro ui Sondu

-' Arlechln; {in crlte ro uri:::, esct, Pierrol George- '.adulescu; Moarlea - Dem.:-:gromului de solo,,Vorbe

-:- Eiod, reprodus in Con:) moi 1925 9i A M,

:'io noud o revistei' ,.:oreo literc:rd, nr. 30, 6 iun.

{la. oo lo .6. .- \. \,i 56 mort. 1025, dedicole:: ru ui; Seiwert, 1993, pp

- rg. riMo ^' lo

'--:2r - : r ^' 1924 la Mrscc:rec: litercsrd

,-rtlcrporler -mos.aa,. - : ore uoi st lo Conttnporanul

.' :a 1o... c fo osil conlocle e pe- =: o osticji europene. Froncheleo

- - .:: si Lu ul lncisiv o lui oncu.

- - -. B ogo, spre exemp u, inlerve' -r onl o ncre de vede'e com,'' .'^ror i.op"'" o^o-o erJ.

-' ,, )espre picturo', in Conlim::2 p. 5.-- 25, 6lc:n. 1923 p L Auto-

'-: eder prir fo to e'o"poio'i'

ond M. H. Moxy openeci . r:,:-r' .: r'- : -

which wos lo become lhe De::':'.: -- rr- -

(ot 1Z Compineonu Street)' :-: -: - : -: ..,wos run by Moxy (The Siuc : -i -'=: : .- =beMeen 1930 1933 lt wos rL-r- c. -- :r--- r- : -:he Deco ot re A, S-rd o35 Seiweri, 1993, p. II3I i ::: r:: .r--=Jcrnco, 'Archileciure , rn Conttmpcr:', -,. ': -1.'36. Seiwert, 1993, p 1 143/. Morcel .lonco, Usefu Notion. ' 'r;-.1s'16i61volume 8, I 935, p 9 : 'About polni ng since ihesubject hos become o secondcry one, we shou dto k with lhe music dlctionory, speo[ing of the tunlngof the moior cnd minor co our, rich chromctics, hordcnd elegioc vcr ues, os we os of the moin motif cndconstruction, rhythm omd ctono expressions, hor-monles cnd dissoncces, stridenl ond sweel chords.'His fondness of music, fovoured by his fom ly mi ieu,his c ose friendship with Cloro Hoski , ore reosons tosubslonliole.lcnco s crciuo inleresl in the re otionshipbet*ee^rr. o dpo.r -^g3B lie resumed o so some of his orticles: I S F

Diclogue eftre e bourgeois morl it 'opolre de lc vlenouvele", in Punct no I I,Jonuory 3l, 1925 (doted:

lonuory l9l B); "Pour le melier , tn Puncf, no I 3,Februory l4 1925 p l (dcied Pcrls 191'8)39. See Morce L. Mende son, Morcel .lc:nco, IeAviv, 196240 Mihoi spir, L'Art Deco en Roumonie, in RevueRoumcrn d'Histoire d'Art' Serie Becux Arts, TomeXXV 198/ p. 69 834l Morcel -lonco, 'Colour' , \n Conlimporanul, no.73 )92742 I6e new orl demonslrolion ol Contrmporanul,May 28, 1925, al the Populor Theotre, includingN D. Coceo's eclure (The C d ond the New Ad), omusic recrtol performed by Corinc Sfeteo (o kind ofmusic lhot no longer lnsisled on the me ody, but on ihepure tonol vo ue reloied to ihe sensciions producedby dlssononces), cs wel os o ploy, A Joyful Death, ahorlequinode by Nrcoloe Evreinov, directed bySondu E iod, o stoge-direcior ond ocior {ihe Florelequin). The other cclors were Li i Rcrdu escu crs

Coombino, George Domion os Pierrol, oon Rodulescu

os the Doclor, cnd Dem Consfonl p cryino the Deothpcrt. See olso the text of the progromme, ,,Wordsbehind the curtoin", written by Sondu E iod, pubLlshed

in Confinporonul, May 26 29 1925, and A M The

New Arl Demonsirolion of the Contimporonu [nogcr-zlne , in Mi5cctreo Literara, no. 30, lune 6, )925 p.

2. For the coslume prolects see o so Conlimporonul,no. 55-56, Morch 1925 (two issues dedicoled lo c n

emcr ond iheotre), Serwerl, 1993, p. 3ll 34443 Sergiu Don, ' llomoge to Morce Jonco', n

Faclo, February B )932 p 2

44. n 1924 Fe ix Aderco initioted al Mrscoreo lilerorathe fcrsh on of interviews ossocioled with the portroil ollhe lnterviewee. .lonco iook ii over in Conltnporctnul,ond for lhe column At.. he used his personol relotions

co cr Holocoustului; v. s Eriopo, Europa. Dc:s

Jahrhunderl der Avonigctae in Mittel - undC .-o opa (( o ) Bo, 'rt :lo. ? t ' 24347. ll o sr expus cu Mcs: mo Compig i v Eugen

Crociun, Grupul Arto Nouo, ,,llnll, forme, cu ori"

ll- poz,'o Mo . -o 'o-rp,g ' M'.-o Pelo -Mcrcel loncu) in Adevorul, 2l dec 1932; pentru

tendinle e egote de nou closicism in orioromernecscdt v. si Locncr V ostu, ,,Lo Peinlure roumcine des onnees 20 et es debcris culour de o trodl-l!on , in Revue Roumoine d'Histoire de l'Art, SerteBeoux-Arfs, Tome XlX, )982 \ ), Tome XXll, l9B4(ll), Buccrrest48. v. MNAR Conslc'n/ln Brancu$t,

,l925, inv.

9370, Tudor Arghezt 1925 inv 937 l, Maxlctcob, tnv 9372, v. si lnlegrol, nr. l, 2, 1925,Expozilio refrospectivd M.H Moxy (Coto og),Bucuresti, 196549 Henri Donie (Botoson j l9B I - Bucuresti 1965),p o' qcio o ootc ro oPo.oB^'l'tPoris Er[une dln I92 I (cu M ll. Moxy lo sooMozort), la Conilmporanul dar si lo So oone eCficrc e de Desen $i Grcvurd A fost redoctor orlistrc

o presl qiocrsei revjste Artct si Tehnicct Grafica

l%7 l*9) unde o reolizot cron cd p crsticc si o

a p e7^ rv 04 e^a qi -go rri l- sr ^.0.A Pobo op.'Aot -oeM;loDo-o rosuni ominlili: A. Brolcrsecnu, C. Michollescu, H.

Doniel, M.ll. Moxy, Merico Rdmnjceonu, Lucic

Bcrlocescu (Demeiriode), Corne ro Boblc (Donre ),

Brerncusr. Peniru Mi lto Pdlrogcu, v. 9i Simonc Nistor,Milila Patro;cu, Bucuresti, l 9/351. C Poncitescu, ,,Azi ne vorbesle cup u de cublsli Morcel loncu Mllilo Potroscu' ,in Fcscla, l7 marl.'l934,

Petru Comornescu, ,,Mrlilo Potroscu 9i Morcelcrncu, o lovdrirsle orlisiico' ,in Arta;i Cnul nr.9 I l,moi 1934, p 153 Pentru desenele picturole, mor-

cote de conlur pronunlot, v. ;i desenele of oie in

coleci o MNAR52 Mililo Pdlroscu o scuLptol, spre exemplu, bosore lefLrl monlot o inlroreo imobrlulul dln sir. Hristo

Botev 34.53. H Blozicn, ,,P osiico lo Dcrl es A 4-o expozifieo grupuLui Conlimporonu ' ,in Adevdrul lilerc:tr si orlis-/ic, l6febr. 193654. Andrei Plnti ie, ,,Elemente penlru o redescoper recr lul Corneliu Michdllescu I , in S/udii si Cerceldride lstorict,Arler, Ser o Arlo p oslico, Ion 26, 1979,p 89 11655. v MNAR, inv. 9906, 9914 si Repertoriul (l 984)nr.6624,6632.56 Jccques Cosiin, ,,Arlo ui Morce lcncu, in

Contimporonul, nr.26, l3 ion 1923 p 457. Facla, B febr. 1932 p l2: ,,Ciiiiorij 9j orto lui

Morce oncu lslorie l"; Facla, 15 febr. 1932 p 3.

,,Scrijtorii si orlo ui Morce oncu; Morce oncu. onlmotoru I

58. Poul Slerion, ,,Morce of cu sou Al Gozo r ol piclurlr ,'in Vremeo, l4 febr. 1932. Autoru se refera

wor ld , ore -p :o lne d: u ::ot odvorc-. F^ po n [OOo ' oroc'i .o o I le ooo .

work of orl, eic., os ll wos lhe ccrse of Lucic' ,

d jscussion, for insionce).45. Morce .lcnco, 'Cn Poiniing', ln Con' ^ .no.102,1932,p546. Confimporanul, no. 25, June 6 1923 -think thot the se f portroit oniicipoles, by lhe i: -

crecttive exosperalion of express onist orloi' '-

o. p6r e1 . o l e -o occl. .'. \a^ r apcAa . .oP,t 6e 4t6nQo ae i' M'^l-,(Coi, Bonn, 1944 p 215243).47 l1e exlblied together with Mossimc -^^ I rq^r C o. ur h^ \^,v A,, C

'o ^ Co o :' (Mos .ro ( onp qli - \'cu - Morce .lonco Exhlbition) in Adevc'-6er 21 , 1932', for lhe lendencies of ne', -

in lhe Romonlon ori. see olso oonc :

Peinture Roumo ne de Annees '2a e: =cuiour de Lcr Trodltion", in Revue Roumc 'de I'Art, 56rle Becux-Arls, Tome XlX, I 98 -XXIL, 1984 (l I ), Buccrest.48. See NMAR Conslanlin Brdncusi

937a, Tudor Arghezi, 1925, tnv 937 I

inv.9372, ond lntegrol, no l ond 2 192.-.,e/.-iD ol o- M. t Mo,1 {Co-) B ' : -49 Henri DcnieL (b Bolosoni, 1891, :-063l *o. o po.r ^r o1d d ouqL - ro -

:.

pup ^r " oi^o r' B" l i ond Po,'

^.ribrod {r M. !. Mo, o. M.:Ca. -pa o.r o, d cr.o o La O" . ,

Drowlnqs crnd Engrov ngs". He wcs ihe c--

ond director of the prestioious revlew A'-:Gro{ico (Grcph c Art cnd Techn quei. -

where he wos ihe crl columnisl cnd o so c -:wings ond book blndlngs50. A. Robot, quot Aport from Mi ilo Pa"

orllsts were menlioned, such os: Al. B,a,Michoilescu, ll. Doniel, M. ll. Moxy, lr' :.ceonu, Iuclc Bolocescu (Demelriode), C:--= :

(DoreIBc'.u.to Ml'oPot o'.r c-Nistor, Mili/o Pdlrctscu, Bucurestl, I 9/35I C Ponoiiescu, "Todcry the pcrir cr -:MorceL lonco Mililo Peircscu specrk tc :

Morch I 7 1934 Petru Comcrnescu, ,r'r - 'ond Morcel .]onco, on ortrslic portnersf :Onul lArt crnd Mon), no 9 I l, Mcy ::-For lhe pictoriol drowings chorocterizec : . -

ine, see o so lhe drcwrngs n ihe co ::'NMAR52. Mililo Polrogcu scu pted, for inslcr': -

mounied ot lhe enlronce of the bulldinc :' -Botev Slreet.53 H B ozron, Fine-Arts ol the Dc .,Exhibrtion of the Contimporonu Grou;rlileror si ortistic, Fe\ruary I 6, 193654 Andrei PrniiLie, E ements for lhe R: -,

Corneliu Michoiescu", ln Studii si Cerce ':Arlei serlo Ario Plcsljco, Tom 26, 1979 : -'

Co ^ M c-4'e ^,oA ---:aF a Tl r, )ee ne \ r'oooo oo t. : : -... .

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SOMER.EINAR.KS

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PA'NflNEBETWEEN

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Prin imoginofie creoloore si implicore eniuzrosld,Morce] loncu o morccl eloco pe core o iroversoloprin creclio sc ce poote I importito in lre periocde:ceo o nihi ismului extrem o cnllor Dodo de la Zurich,ceo cr onimdrii grupctrii de ovonqcrdd Conlimporonul'in Romonic si ceo o cngoibrii in rencsierec vletii ortislice din lsroel, incununcio de deschidereo Muzeului.lonco Dodc, in 1983, lo Ein Hod.Atmosfero Dcdo, lecfio gestului dezinvo i, core ldsoociu ul orlrslic dep ino iibertote, i-ou inrdurit peniruinireogc viold, i-ou creol o siore de spirit de core nuvo dori sd se indepdrieze niciodold oceec de ccoulo. mereu, ls g 6xperimenlc, de o fugi de cllgeu.O culluro so ldo si o energre neobisnuildr ou slol lcbczo unei oclivitoii dinomtCe si pluridisciplinore. Cul-luro ic oferil mdsuro orgumentului 9i pulerec reflectdrii,-1 e gio o do 'o'so de o- veo^o p oie t^le p,.-zOnd viofo. A inteies cd din orice otoc virulenl nucrnfc

'pSe o ,,OOrrr OrO-ae aO, ,e5Op, CA\O 1

ioc, ostfel cd s-o mcrnlfestot cJ un e emenf de echi ibruinir-o grupore orlisiico ccre foloseo cuvdntul coroziv,si oslenlolio verbcrldln c ecrtio spiriluo o nu exisld decol experienlo coredev e T b.' rO rtl,>O,-C p,tirrO^JT ..,Oloncu in 193 I . S-or puleo spune co oceosto per-pelud experimenlcre, ocecsia nelinisle c cduldrii esteemb emc octivitdiii sole orlisllce.

in 1922 oncu se inloorce c Bucuresti. se cr dturccurond lui lon Vineo, o conducereo revislei Con-fimporanul , ior in decembrie isi deschide o expoziiiep".o olo.D^'lo nr edp--o',6r6riearp eo,,-ci lusese o reollzote inoinlec intoorcerii lc Bucuregii,nO ., e rorl ti-L-i'e O- , o,e evo-O po, OrO e .,

locuri din slrcrinolcte. Se pore cd expoziiio s-o bucu-rcrt de succes, doco ludm in considerore mcriuriile dinepocc. D. l. Suchionu scrio in 1923: ' Di Morceoncu, pictor.ubisl, reprezinld moniero (.) pentru

, ore o'bicu po e o o oto o ocl'c o.e prAte-. cr '

rlo-1Ol oeseir O,osi d^M.t-.Mo,) ra aTtt .I 93 I , cond ofirmo cd expozilio o ovul succes depub ict.

in creotio din perioodo )922 l94a cdnd crctiviiotecsc se desfdsoord 'in RomOnio, se pot dlstinge douoolooe -eo oF po,o ,p e t9)/ o^ 6 l6,qo oi .po.i-b iore srir r-co c , r-c Cr" , c por -. Crsi-n toi r'^ a-0.muiui, fie futurismu ui, fie expresionrsmu ui sou con-siruclivismului {ocestc din urmo fiind, de ollfe, cureniulsuslinui de revislele Conlimporanul si Punct cdroraloncu e-o dot substonto ortislicd si orientore estetico)si o elopo in core expresiviloleo deline rol principo,p i- occe--.o'ao on por orreio' \'z-o e .F .7,/aro:vdir pule,oc de r poc o 'r 'ei .i d 1 al e qi6 , ro- to .

lu orie reoizo'e oo'ro.p'e so',-r dlocor i.lr'olreileo sunl lucrari cerebro e, severe, din core esleo ungoto orce inlerpreiore ncrlurolisld. Voinicr de construcfie, oso cum remorco Lucion Blcrgo/, referindu-selo lucrdrile lui Morcel loncu expuse lJexpozilio inter-

Morce .Jonco morked the oge he llved in due to his1o6114 -ggir O, o. Ord ep I r.6, , lp, CCr ior.

.l c^ Oc iod. , 01 Otr 10'r cO . l^. aolo1. I. atirst one is chcroclerzed by the exlreme nihilism ofihe Dodo yeors n Zur ch; the second one nciudeshis oclive poiiicipoiron cs onimolor ol lhe Conlin-poronulovonl gorde group in Romonio, ond finol y,his conlribution lo lhe revivc of sroe's orlisiic rfe,crowned by the opening of the Jonco Dodo Muse-um ot Fin llod tn 1!83.The Dcdo clmosphere, the esson of the [ree qes' re lo Qovc 'orol 'esle, to lte or . i "oc

morled him ol through his ife ond creoled thotirome ol mind thot he never obondoned; indeed henever ceosed lo secrch, lo experimenl ond flee the'te.A solid culture, on unusuo enerqy under oy hisdynomic ond mullidisciplinory octVity. l-Jis culiureo'owec 1'"r o ,,a oJlo o glrer rs g1 | gl o,-7Ejudgements, wht e his vito ity gove him the chonce to)e^ | s oto e, rs 'u-- I to ^ot t es. Vo' u cool telr do 'rood Ior ory v .l^r r ot-o.'[ wo, oeroio onucrnce ond thot once you deny somelhine vouneed io provide somelhing e se rnslecrd Th"us'heocled os o bolcnce foctor in on orlisiic ctrouo wh ch'5eo oerploy.o a lF,vo,cr\or ouo6'o, olouodoW It ; l- ^olr o .p'i 1sl r.s6t6p e"ly ^.6s ,.

e rc g6'191 e) ^ ore o, ess o con - on oood'Jo' co w o'^ ,r , 03 I . We .o ld n oi. o;r ,ior thi.perpeluc slote ol erperimeni, ihis inexhousiible pur.,i >tfeeTbi^r o n. o-l sl r o uty

n l992.lonco ccme bock lo Buchcrest. l-Je soorioined lon Vinecr in the editoriol sioff of the Contim.poranul mogozine_ ond in December opened crone-mon show. Cf course, mony of the works heexhiblted hod been ochieved before his return tcBuchoresl, os their tiiles, thot recolled choroclersond ploces poinied io. f we loke into occount theper od evidence, lhe show wos successfu . D.Suchicrnu wrole in ,1923: Mr Morce Jonco, ccubist, represenls the monner [or whrch tiie pub ic5ee' Io ho* .ore p e-trter 6a' Jl'' ' Lo ro,or :o so conlirmed oter by M H Moxy in 193 l, whe-h^ ,lo'e -no -.rtr ezn,o ' o.

^o5 s i-co ,.f, . o ( c

ering lhe greol number of visitors:'.

ln his works creoted between 1922 1940, when heworks in Romonio, lwo periods con be identifiecThe first one losts until oround the yeor 1927, anc. onp 5es wo L s .nr, r"cc, 11 -or

9,r g r,o-n cub .-tuturlsm eroressionism, lo conslructivism (lhe otte.bo'ng o lol,y.rq'oir-d oy l^c Conrimpo,roru o, ,

Punct magcszines, lo which Jonco conferred otiisli:subslonce ond oestheiic orienloiion); the one.be onging lo lhe second one ore morn]v expressiveemphosising the visuol components thoi resuli frc-Ite oo,ve I r irrpoc' olle .o or d ,re a.1e gy :

CO OUTS.

::- iTporro'r revi-e in ei (ore--;-oest v fo'^re sinp iI cote si

=--- cczuri, dupo 1 935, cdnd rlf-

The works achieved by the end of the thtrd decodeore cerebrol ond sober; ony kind of noiurollsi inierpretolion being bonished. Wriiing obout Mcrcellonco s worl's erhibited crt the Contimporonul tnlernolionoL exhibition |rom 1924, Lucion Blcgo' notedthe wil to conslruclion, where the specific dotc ofnoture ore reinlerpreled of on obstroct eve of fheessence ond synthesis involved", os we los the con-cise expression with its powerfu impoct, driving himiowords o su.ggestive, formo elementqriness. Theconcise plostic expression mecns cre we ded withthe invenliveness of the interploy of shopes, thegeometrized shcpes oitolning the purificotion in theorimorv c-olours.L uer ii ,re wo l.s wlere re s'o-ls l'orr phy.icodoic, cs it hoppens wfh the portroits, the o'ccutewi to constructing with hord, well indivuduo izedplons is obvious,The freedom of expression, lhe primocy of lnvenlionin lhe creqtive cct ore morl,ed by the stormy yeorsspenl in Zurich, when lonco possed through rodicolortislic experiences, os thot of the cbstroct re ief, theco lcge, the compositions in which simp ifiedshcpet were dis'o'ed os ir co,rg-r i'r o o wl- rrpoo.Ar'e' sore yeo s l-e pic L ed -hese exp oro iorsogoin 1n o period orticle by H. Blozion5, published\n 1926, we con reod thot in the exhibition openedlhot yeor Jonco c so showed collcAes. Althoughthe ortic e hos o hoLf-mocking tone, the informctionis re evonl os to the recurTence of some o der pre-occupotions: 'A metol frome or o thin boord, opiece of newspoper glued lnside on inI outine,p eces or lnro l ol d l'e'erl co oLrs ove-loppirgsome exqlisi e .

"t (. ) lhi' is re tl-e' ort r or

sprowling shopes, nor njlxed pcint thot won I lety'ou g ress tre objer-. ror 'rpL-ls u ty of ,ropes'.Sunnirq .p these ,ero-ks ord sor" lr'lIe no esfrom other 1wo crrtic es on the exhibition, we conget o g impse of ihe oesthelicol diverslty of theworks exhibiled then; some weTe "sti I expressionist", whlle others "pure constructions"u or 'obslrocipo ^r ^g (C W Cisel. ) Dling rhere yeo's l-erellr^ed to'l^e poir led re' eI oo, os l'e co ologleof the 1927 exhiltrton shows The frogi ify of thetechniques or lhe qrt collectors fecr oi loslng lhecol oges ond the poinled reliefs of the 1 92Os theypossess, mokes it impossibi e to hcve them present-ed right now.By the end of the third decode, Morcel Jonco s cre-oiiu"

"nergy flnds its own solid pcth, very much

c osed -o exp essio- sr. tron -l'e p ostc Lorg ogepo rt oI view ve i s co^ten- s se- Itee of'he po rt-liood ol d"rpoit or-o rorew-ol or;ppeo wi I good-heor'eo 'ory. l-i, g'v -g rp he forrrol r goLr s

immediotey felt ln the enrichment of the themoticoreo: londscopes, of which some retoin the sugges-r'or oI 'he ploce wt le o'l e'5 ore i-roginc y ('lmoke my own Sevi lo in my bedroom', the ortistscid in 1930); lnleriors, still llves, compositions with

mu dinomic o liniilor trcnsformdr imogineo intr-o ode-vorotdr horic hcrsuroto de lrcrsee energeiice, criistulronspundnd ceec ce sustinuse si teoretic: 'or1o nouourmdresle iniensltoteo prin or ce mllloc ''.Merno exersoio o orhiteclu ui se simie ioi iimpul crtoiindisiribuireo echi ibroto o elementelor pe suprcfofctoblou ui cdt si in modul de sti izore cr deto ii or de peL "dc ( or -t de c ooi ^oo e

'. I eroiic J

Exersoreo dln domeniul figurotivu ui il seduce oiot demu t incol din ce in ce rnoi des creeozd tcrb ourl incore sugereozd insisient ceo de-o treio dimensiune.Se disting, din punct de vedere o schemei compozi-lonoe, compoziiLe cu grupuri de personcie coresunt plosole in p on opropiot, deiosdndu-se pe fun-doluri cu crhilecturi redole precum in' indicolli escenogrofice.-tgo de e e e FS-e oose s,o or e L-o oproope i-io ucrore nu seomdnd cu ceololto. n une e. defor-morlle suni olot de puiernice .incoi

persono je eimbroco un cspeci oproope corrcoluro , ior in o le e,

figuro umono dego o sereniiote sou grovilole, dcr 9i ointerogolie deznodo jduito Foio personoie or estelrolotd odesec in bund lrodllie expresionisid cc omcrscd, dor existo qi tcblouri in core individuo izcrreofizionomico este cdulalo. Modul de stllizorecminteste uneori de Picosso, olteori de Korl SchmidtRoitluff, dupo cum se pol depisto usoore simililudini cucreofio lui M. H. Moxy sou Corne iu Michollescu, dorloote ocesteo co vcgi oluzii, co vind invo untord gi

Fotogrolie de o vernisoju une

expozii a ri M. lcncu sl

M. Polrc;cu

Photogroph from the opening

of one of M Jcnco ond

M Pdlroscu exhibitions

groups of choroclers, country life scenes ond evenvirfuosifies of the type ptclure within piclure. fheinventiveness of his imogery did not poss unnoiicedby h s coniemporcries ln

,l930, referring io the col

leclive exhlbition orgonized during lhot yeor, D

Mihol worte o wel -tnformed orticle, reveo ing th .ospect: "No crllsi disploys such omple meons ihcencble him lo evoke cnd moterio ize hls ideo u

The imoge is dominoled by the llne which trcrces

" go'or .ly o^o oo Jo- y 5 r p il eo o1o e) p ess /ed^fo red rl ope" ol"r Q3 > tre e ore \o^ e

lnslonces when ihe dyncrmic rhythm of llnes trons-forms lhe imoge lnlo o true mop, hotched by ene'gelic roules. Moreover, the ortist lrcnsposes his lheories ln his pointings. 'the new crt seeks for inlensii,.by cny possib e meonst.'The orchiiect s exper enced hcnd is felt oll the timein the bclonced distribulion of elements on the su-foce of ihe pointing, os well os in lhe woy he siy ,

izes the bcrc[ground deioi s (ines of buildlngs re.d^red d,oqro-nr otic o y)His exercise in the field of the fiouroilve seduces h .ihot much thoi he creoies rorE ond more p ciure:where he conspicuous y suggesls the third dime-sion. From the point of view of lhe compositioncsketch, lhere cre composilions wilh groups of cho',oclers p oced in lhe fore p cn, ogornsi orchileclurcbockgrounds rendered os in lhe scenery indicc-lio n s.

Hls wish lo escope lhe recrpe becomes on obses-sion, cnd so you connol find one wor[ to resemb eonolher. Flowever, in some works ihe distorlions o.eso striking lhot ihe chcrrocler becomes olmost cc'coturo, whi e in oihers the humon fcce expresse:sereniiy ond grovity, cnd olso hopeless inierroec-ilon. The foce of the chorccter is ofien lreoted cs:;-'ro5oLe

' 1l c good e.pte \ior i)- -roo loi o.'lhere cre olso pictures where lhe physiognomicc-d v dLo izolor s sorgh lo Tre wo, or :lyl ,,ci .

someiimes reminds Picosso s or Kor Schmidt RcI I wo L s iq. .ir io i-ies wil- M -l Mo,) -Corneliu Michoilescu s worI cou d be o so louncbut lhey crre iusi vogue o usions, involuntory orlinherent errors ol on eye senslb e to everyth r:re oro 9 'l'e ol-rospl-e e or l'^ oge.By the end of lhe l93Os, Morce Jonco s picture..tow ot - 'l '-o.ob e rouo I o p clJ e)qJtr o- :

wni I ro ir 'e ao\' .lolo^ ou' looo"o r,^ '

burlesque occenls. The inspirotion is loken from ii-:ethnico e emenl but ihe ploslic octuo izclionwor ds crwcy from lhe lrcdiiiono inler:pretcrtron :such sublecls lt is worth noiing thoi in this peric:Morcel -lonco iluslroted on Borbu s ond Moie ,Co ogio e , bool h".e wr'trr ware i',ly | ^ '".rrp/e7p', of -re deep oye. " or I e Bo Lor roo ti.

Such specific colours cou d be deciphered in Mc-cel orco po'r ^9s 'eo e5F'r 'rg -riqle orte.rp.r he Dororior pc r- rg. I r lrer-ro e i h . o-.onto-r ,l . ho ce o' . rb e. -, ro'r r^ wo-lo

E ilu Jct ) u tc Le Iil eq sTteczoilmi* _ -:--:^-^ii

-u,r . -r:'. -, :^ror 1930, tob ourile lui Mcrce onculilf,it';r:: - ::.lcre inconfUndcbi]o, un piloresc COre nux:r'? :: :.:':.;-d. i.co co , I o roto de bu esc. r,pi-r:r1r : :---::-: de lo elemeniul elnic, dor reolizorecrr,ffi :t =.:- .adit deportcio de modul-de interprelorer$;- _ -: .: ,^cr osemeneo sublecle. 5i nu este lntom_JrLr:ir: -: -- :cecstd perioodd Morcel loncu reo]izoLrlir r' :r . : -'nelor unor ouiori co lon Borbu scrU

rir* r'i _ ---^- oie, ccesri roscolitori oi stroruri or pro_' 'r' :tili l : -::'iei bolconice. C ostfel de culoore por-r.:. :r-: ,-:-:-ieo descrfro gi in tcblourl e lui Morceiilr,i, : u - _=-:tri'e unicd in picluro romdneoscd. Derin*,-:-:r ' :lid ordine de idei, nonconformismul scuI :-- r =:: sJbiecle din lumec bordelurilor nu esle- i ,.':- := - ci un olt plctor romon.- . _ =t ::. ine si eo moi intenso, intdrind efectulil! :,- I -1. cului. Eo este "spirituolo si obslrocld,' si.

= - : ::- ce dersd, cot ir et:o' ooservo cL i r5lor':.. : _-::r lonescu'' lnfr-un orlicol din 1932

: . = = :l ^ I ogiLe ole gore sur o b.l ,r,r,'.o ,* .:- :: :: :in vorul zidorulu si rosui lncondescent,. : ::r= ,, outere de evocore; desi contiloliv ele nuir: - -' -:oul or de dislribuire pe suprofcforn'fi : - - : j:ce

sd fie cee moi sesizobtle ctenuond:r , t:t -::ru ui din conturufl e holordle core dou'rjrr"- : - l- : s vilo compozifiei 9i o olbostru ui core nurrrli,q,'i ::-l3pe niciodold. Referindu-se lo cceosidir;ir - : :- -: osire o culoli, Pelru Comornescu, inlror .i :r :,: cotd in 1934,i consideroin mod suoes',, .r - :'- -::- cl luminii"rr. Co otorio pu .oru o fi."" - =--- -c'opiol in 1938 se vo resimfi imediot ini, . : :l otdt printr-o exubercnfd cromolico',rr: i--t -'- ponc olunci in picturo so col si lemoiic,:': = =.::dnd impresii din ocecsio calotorie fiind

'r,rr r-: - - ?39, onul uliimei expozifii pe core loncu

-: . ;:' zeazd i^ Pono.o.- : -==:. expresivitote intensd vo corocterjzo.-r r :r :-pd stobilireo in lsroe], evolutro sc stilis

' : .-: '.l-C. docd privim relrospeciiv, distilori suc-

: + . - - :ezuri inire foze. Din pocote, lucrori reoli-i:-: -. -:

-Q4a n r oL pJ'u r. depisto e pertru o -i

i n::--:-: ^' eXpOzifie.- - r ieo oog,r ilo, core s oL 5c" c -r epoCoi-: I : . :-:el lo'cJ re-on lezJ.lo door'o cc+evu

l-: -: - s ou porut co o juto ]o c]orificoreo unorr-;+:-: ::cte de evolulio stilisticd. Articolele elc,I - r,- r, "oporul

nu numoi in revistele grup*lil"r : ::-:: :i si in zicre 5i revisle de orientdri diverse.i-,= - :-::sro o fcletc o re ofii]or comple^e o]e oriis-

, - - -:l - intelectuol o vremrl, re oiii ce deposesc: - - - -.1 ;r-' re5,ro1s ol or,irli''o. oe ovonqc.oo.

:J- copoto.e o euo.rolo i.rco"furdob,lo.-, r- : - .ct)za iensiunilor politice creote de fortele4ri i*:-l Vorcel oncu io hotororeo de o emigro in. - n - . :-erg.o . ore -o coroc-e- zo-, o pora io ,a' -. ----'. -eclddireo vieiii crtistrce in sroel. lor elor-| : : r.:'ontele nu i-ou romcs ne'implinile. Colonic

Drotnets/ none ol the Komonicn cc --:-: =l_ lJonco's monneT.Tl^e .olorr oecomes even TTore ir-e-s= :.-:. :--:.'r'g,t[e vig-r-ous eflecl of rre poir-' ^g. - . :::. .. :or d cbs t oc" ono T iqr ocrcof rgere rolesco o .iql-ty ro-ices in c. J.. -_ : l .r-ished in 1932 The o.svcholooie.l mcir-. ^i,--psychologicol mcjc:s c: '-e

>rrowed from the rli- .< r,;e <s(ole ore'l e wr'ie oo rowed [on tl-e c. c\ ]ye. :

lime, ond the incondescent red, filled wiih t;s's_ogestive power. Alihouqh they do noi cjominciequontitciively, their d stribution over the pcinieC si.;r.-toce turns them inlo conspicuous co ours thot softenlhe l6lgl- le5s o--ne o o.L l rf e s--orq or i ,res lro;g ve dynon ic ond v,'o. -nytrr Io the cor- pos ior;blr e s rever obse"t. ln

'on o.-ic,e puo. shed in']934,

Petru Comornescu, commenline on lonco sknowledge to hondle the coiours, "suggestively

nomed him "on orchiieci of the Ighl ,, JoiJo s uoy-oge in the Mtddle Eost in lq3B is immedrorelyreflected in his pointincs, both in the chromotic exu-beronce, neveT met before, ond in their themes.These works, evoking his impressions Irom this voy-oge were exhibited in

.l939, lhe yeor of loncois

o,- err'b'l on o gor izeo r Roro- o.- l'e >ome .rrense exp ess ve1es5 . .lo,oc.el 7e) n swor.( ole, h s serl ing oow.r .r s-oel n s > y ,sl cevo ulor sunni-g -ro. if re rosoec,ively' considereo,' cce5s ve o'sril.o io'rs o-d r ot spli oro.es. Unlc,rturo-ely 're wor(s c.eoleo of,erlgZO cor'd rolbe ourd or d so rone of rlerT wos exr'bi.ed r lhisexhibttion.From lhe greoi number of pooes wr lten oboul Mqr-cel Jonco we hove selecieJo few froqments ihotwe'ro.lgl^t i - gl t Co:r 50^re ,qr ove:l^is s.u,is,icer,oluiion F s wo-1, wo, p.cisJd .or o.lv r rr,e-ogoz tes of ll-o ouor l-qoroe qro rp, oJl orso i,tnewspopers ond mogozines of dlfierenl oriento-tions. Thls is indeed onother focet ol the complexe olorsl-ip ol 'ne o r;sl wi-f lre,rle lectro'r. e ,or

thoi, time; thus his iies wenl beyond the restroinedc r. ie ol cvon qo'de o'-is., ri: ron e ee,-i-q orurr,c-oIoo e ,e.oTor ce. !oweve . c]Je 16 |."ioli'col t osl-", lre,ed oy n"

"^ ,"r.'r, ];;

":, v"-."f

Jonco decided to emiqrote lo lsroel. His vilol nolurel'e]oeo ri'n s-o'l o.e* o.d -ore lp to ne.eeo^-slruclion of the ortistic ife in lsroe His efforls cndhopes were eve_nlucrl y fulfil ed The ortists' co onyhe founded in Ein Hod mode his life-time dreornoboui lhe crlistcroftsmon come true. He wos obleto open his own exhibltions; monogrophies werewrliten on hrs work, ond os rrpr"r""ho'roce ooidro l-i. oc .v. y ol p or^e',rg oro os o coro y"s ir n.slield, fhe Jonco-Dodo Muieum wos opened crt Ein-Hod in 1983

Belween 1922 l94O Jonco port cipoted verv ofteninto the exhibitions, either logether with the mem-ber' ol rl-e g'oup (ros'ry wi I Mi lo pd-ros.- 'ne

"curpt ess) o' c o1e wl i6n, et coL-,se tesrilies lor u

orllsilco ole corel 6aze e cr pus c Ein Hod io'imp initvisul de o vicrtd: ce ol orlrslu ui oriizcrn. s deschideexpozitii, I se dedlco monogrof i, ior co supremd c n

slire cdusd octivitoiil soLe de pionierot si on molor, se

deschide Muzeu Jcnco Dcdc, o Fln llod, ln 1983.

in perioodo crni or I 922 l94A crncu c ovul fooriemulte porticipori expozilionole, fie oloturl de membrgrupcrii, fle subsioniiole expoziii personole (ce e mcimu le impreund cu scu plorifo Mi ilo Pdlroscu), ceeoce, deslgur, olestdr o bogoto productie ortisticcr (cco.3OO lucrcri de p ciuro) Dinire ucrorlle reo izole 'in

oce oni nu mu le moi pol fi ostdzi recupercrle, ior ldeniificorecr tiluri or originore ridlccr probeme deocrecefontezic ortislu ui s c rdrsfrdnt gi csupro tituloiurillob ou ui. Compozifii crporflnond perioodei de severilcle geomelriccr purtou 'in ccioooge lturi precumI'lctturd noud, Forme potrivnice elc., ior pe m-rsuroobo dcrrii unui reperlor u lemotic moi )arg. Clestor cuilat, de l-no faeme .,let Ltale ltJ le tnod nr oro\ /eelc., ceeo ce foce risconid otr'buireo, crzi, o unul tillu

sou cr oluic. Tot greu de stcbilit este si doloreoucrdrj or, gtiuto filnd opetenfo cu core Morcel loncuse ldsc furcl de experimenl, ceec ce fdcec cc .incer-

cdrrl mcrl vechi scr fie re uote pesie oni. ldeecr de o s

clctdi un stil ii ero sirdind, co oricdrui crlisi cvongordisf,oncorot infr-un prezenl pe core 'i dioto fobulos,refuzdnd lreculu si ignorond viiioru . Ceeo ce ercimportonl 'in octu crlistic conslc .in ipostozlereo uneinoi modcr itcrtl de figurcre c gondului gl nicrdecum exe-cuioreo unui lob ou finit, in sens lrodilioncr . De oceer-r,dorinlo de o resiitul ozi dupo criterli siricie o ociivltcledlnomicd hronito de o ostfel de otiiudlne 'intompin-

greuioii, ior orice sursd lrebuie uotd in considerore.De exempu, sof o ui lon Vineo, Eleno Vineo, din ocdrel co eclie s o ochizilionct lucrcrec Aruncar-^ctzarului, ne c lrcnsmis islorio zcrmisllr i oceslei cornpo-zifri ce o fosi pictotd 'in zi e e de zbucium ce ou urmolmorlii pr mu ui copi o piclorului 11924) si ccrnd onVlneo o stot tot timpul

.in preo mo ui oncu. Dupo ce c

lerminot tob ou , oncu i-o spus. 'Aslo esle vicrlo . Souun o I ccz, o fologrofie reo izold in expozifio din1927 st unde se distlnge c or ucrorecr core circu oocum cu lillt Cafe concert De refinut, pornlnd de looceostd foiogrofle, este si modul imprevizibi de pcnoiore o lucrdrirlor, p eccrnd chlor de o nivelu pcrdose ii

;i imbrocond perelele, intr un loc comp icoi dor rigurosrespeclcrt de orizonto e si verticc e.

NOTEL Morce oncu, 'Nole despre orio", Contimporanulnr.96/97/98, 1931.2 D. L Suchicnu, 'Doud expoziyii', Clopotul d\n 7ron|or e 9 /.13 M H Moxy, Coniribulii o cunooglereo migcdriimoderne de cr noi' , Unu, nr.33, I 93 I

4 L. B ogo, Abslroctle gi construcfie' , Cuvctntul , l4lan ,1925

rich ortistic producl on (cboul 3OO pointingsmcrny of lhe works executed during lhose yec-: - -

be reirieved todoy, ond the jdentif cotion of --=tiol tit es rcrises prob ems beccuse lhe orllsl s ::- -.

reflecied olso in ihe tit es of his pointings The ,poslions beonging io the period of geon:'-severity hod, in coio ogues, til es such os . -nalure, Opposile sAopes, eic., ond os the th:.-repertory deve oped, ihe iiiles become Crysr:moon flowers, Sterilized paems, Fruits poisor=,purpase, etc. Thus it is rother risky to ossign o'=or cnolher to o cerlcin pcinting. I ls o so drfi -occurote y dole the poiniings, knowing .Jc- -

hcbit of toking up ogcin eor ier ollempls ofle, ^

yeors The ldeo /o build6is own slye wos Lmr -

to him, os il wos for ony ovonl-qorde lo .or^d . I ep^^1| n'r.^ eoiofeo-cy, refusing the post ond ignor ng ihe fuiure . .

reo y moliered in the ortisiic ocl wcs lo find : --wcy through which thought wos being figurecnol the execulion of o fir jte point nq, in lhe irc:o sense This s why ony otiempi to deflr=observingsirlcicriterlo,suchcdyncmicccivon this otiltude icrces difficu ties, so ony sour.:io be considered For lnsionce, lon Vinec.Eleno Vlneo, from whose co eclion the pc -'Throwing of the Die wcrs ocquired, lo d us hc ,

work wos born. i wos pointed in .lcnco's c:.deep onx ely fo owing the deoth of h s ,(1924), when on Vlneo wcs very close ,o mosl oJ the tjme. After finishina the poinlinc .,soid: Thls is ife'. Furlhermore, o photogropl ', ,in ihe I 927 exht6ttton c eor y shows the pl -

\no,!n L ncrer rne l r e Cole can,eu. Srorl nc -

photogroph, we shou d o so nolice the uriex:=- .woy of pone llng lhe works, beginning f'c*f oor leve ond covering the wo in o elob:' -but rigurous gome of horizonlol ond verlico =

NOIESI Morcel oncu, 'Nole despre crrlc (N: =,art), Conlimporanul, no.96/97 ig7 l93l2. D. l. Suchlonu, 'Doud expozitii' (Two =.tions), C/opolu|, 7 ion, 19233 M H Moxy, 'Conlribulii lo cunocsierec '- .

moderne de cr noi" (Contributlons lo o:-:understondrng of our modern movemenl), L ,

33, t93t4. L. B ogcr, 'Absiroclle si conslructie' (Abs -, -

ond conslruclion), Cuvctntul l4 ian 19255. H. Blozion, 'Cronico orljslicd" {Ari co um-varul literc:r si c:rlisfrc, 28 narlie, 19266. 'Expozif ic Mililo Petrogcu Morce oncuPeiroscu Morce oncu Fxhibiiion), unsicr:,c e, Facla,3l morile, 1926.7. C. W Cisek, 'Contrcrsle si impolriviri (C,ond opposition), GAndirea, no V /3, opr ie

EXPOZlfllix nomAin1922-1939*

EXHIB'rIONSlll ROnlAlllAt922.1939*

t922decenbrie,26. Expoztlte petsono cr, Mcrison d'orl,

B u cu resti.

Desene: L)n coleg, Violonisf, Bebe, Dunaud;9 nuduri;

3 porlrete.Picturo, 24 lucror, prinfre care. Bol, (Bclul Tcbcrrin);

D a n su I p -^ f rd n g hi e, lupto (nocturnd ), I u lia, T ro nsfo r md ri

abstracle, Nolurd l; l'laturd rtoud, Dido, Arhanghel

lnterior, Slrinberg la Hernso, Strinberg la Parts, Dansuri

africane, Portrel nou, lon Vinea; Dronant lQ I 7, Peisoi,

Crima, Acrobolii, la mdndslire, Ora;ul Ens

Bibllogrofie: Clopotul 5 nov ,24 dec;7 ian )923

{D. L. Suchionu); Auroro 2 icrn I 923 (E RegL s); Rantpa ,

7 tan lQ23 {Lucifer); Adevorul , I / ion 1923 (V l Popo);

Co' rpo'a 'r 2o lo- L

1924noiernbri-^, 3O : Expozifle co ecllvd, ContimporonuL',

Sindlcctu Artelor Frumocse, BucureslL.

Plcturd, I6 lucrdrri, prlntre core. Cabarel Vohaire, Portretul

lui l. C., Porlret'ul Michelinei;de osemenec seric de ncluri

moorle, No/urd noud, f eccre cu cole o delermlncre:

cubuL, cjlindru , Venelio, obiectul, trofeul, slero, formc,

conslruclle sou nolurd descompusd, precum 9i 1O schlle

de orhiteciuro, o mccheld, 'oblecie de necesitole", o

mcsd cu sccune gi voze ( ucrcle impreund cu Moringo)

Bibiliogrofie: Mrtccrea Lilerard,6 dec. (Tudor Vionu);

Cuvdntul, l4 lon. 1925 (Luclon BLogc: Abstrcrcfie s

conslruclle ), Punct' nr.4 {Scor[:l Collimcchl)'

Cont'imporonul nr. 52.Solonu Oflcicl, Bucuresli.

Piclurc,2 tcrart. Porlretul d-nei F. C. (cot. ZB) si No/uro

noud (Conslruclie), (cct /9)Bibiliogrofie: Clipa, ) it.tn. (H. lgirosecnu).

I 925So onuL Oficlo , Bucuresti

Picturd: Piclurd /.

BibLiogrofie' Focla, 27 apr(H lgiroecnu)

"^oi ,A'oo l /po >"o

t926- martie, 14 3l : Expoziiie Mcrce loncu - Mililo Partroscu

SoLcr Regino Mcrio , de o Cdmlnul ArteLor.

Plcturo, 3B lucrdrl, printre ,are. Bolul in trei culori, ldilo;

O naiadd, Masa rosie, Construclie cu prelert de dartsuri

orienfale, Coleclie de fructe meridionale; Clestar cu flori

de lund, Prilei de aronge; Frucle inodins olrdvile; Formd in

oval; Corambol; Forme polrivnice elc.

De csemeneo, expune 16 ucrdri de groficcr (ocuore e,

guoge, grovur) 6 vitrcrlii si 5 compozifli.Bib iogrofie: Faclo, 3l mat , Adevdrul,24 nan(St. L Nenifescu 'Curenle 9i expozrlii ), Adevdrul lilerar si

atislic,28 mort. (F1. Blozicn) si 2 ion I 927 ll.3 ozian

Plostlcc crnu ui 1926'1, Conlimporonul nr. 65(Jcrcques Cosiin niliere in mislere e unei expozifii );

Gandirea nr V /3 (O. W Cisek ' Conlrosle si

impotrlviri ).

decenbrie. ExpoziJie co ecllvd. Librdrlo Hosefer'

Bib iogrcfie: Adevdrul lilerctr si artislic, l2 dec.

{H B czlcn); Adevarul,3 dec. (St NeniJescu)

t927februarie, I3 - martie I 5. Expozitie de grup: McrrceL

loncu - Millo Pdtroscu - Al. Brdtcsonu". Gc erlo de ortdr c

lbrdriel Hosefer.

P., -'ro .o o p ,1e 6r^ !e - eo e Bo'c .:

St'rado mucegoilit, Compozilie int'run acord, Nopo/eon

intin, Modelul, Roodele pdndntului, Rilnuri desfrinafe,

Naluro bogatd; Numoi doua nuci, Fugd" in minor, Poeme

slerilizat'e, Di{erile nuduri, Const'ruclie in disonanle,

Cafeneauct cocofelor, Poelul .

t922-December,26. One mcn show, Molson d'orl,

B uc hc resl.

Drcw ngs. A Colleague, Violonisf, Bebe, Dunaud; 9 ' -3 porlroits.Poiniing, 24 works, omong which: The Ball (Tcrbcrin i -Rope Dancing, Erght (nocturne); lulio, Abslrccl Char':-,Noiure l; New No/ure; Dido, lnlerior Archangel,

Strinberg in Henso, Strinberg in Pctris, African Dance:

New Pirtrair, lon Vinea, Dianond 1917, londscope

Crine, Acrobats, At th-' Convenf, City of Ems

Bibliogrcfie: Clopotul 5 nov , 24 dec ; 7 icn I 923(D . Suchicnu); Auroro,2 ion. 1923 (E. Reglls); Ron:--

7 iart. 1923 (Lucifer); Adevdrul , l / ion 1923 (V. P'-: -Continporan ul no. 26, 1 923.

1924November, 30 : Collecilve Exhibition,'Coniimporc'-

Fine Art Trcrde Union, Buchoresi.

Pointing, I 6 works, omong whlch: Cobaret Vohoire, t'-Portrait of l. C.: Micheline's Portraif, and o so c seTles :-sllll ives, New Nolure, with cr cerlcin geomelry eoch: :- -cy inder, Venice, lhe obiect, the trophy, the sphere, the

form, consiruction or decomposed nolure, ond lO crc- '-

lurcl skelches, c model, "necesscty obiects", cr loble c- -cholrs, ond voses (cchieved togelher with Moringo)

Bibi iogrophy. Miscarea Literord, 6 dec (Tudor Vlcnu]

Cuvetntul, I4 lcrn. 1925 (luclon B cgo: "Abstrocllon or:Conslruclion ), Puncl nr.4 (Scor ot Ccr imcrchi);

Continporonul nr. 52.- The Officiol So on, Buchoresl

Pcinting, 2 works: The Potrait of Mrs F C (cct /B) c':New No/ure (Conslrrction), \cat. 79J

Bibiliogrophy: C/po, I lun (H lgiro5ecnu)

t925- Th-. Offic o Solon, Buchorest.

Pcrinling. Painling l.

Bib iogrcrphy: Facla,27 cpr ond 3 moi (Alcdin)'

Clipo,3 moi (H. lgirosonu)

1926March, l4-3 I : Morcel loncu Miifo Pdtrcrgcu Exhibition

lhe room Regino Moricr", ci Cdmlnu ArteLor (House ol i ,

Pointing, 3B works, omong whlch: The Three coloured 3'ldyll; A Naiad, The Red Table, Consttuction with Preter.

Orienlal Donces, Collection of Meridional Fruit; Crysia

wilh Moon Flowers Orange Event', Fruil Poisoned on

putpase; avaLshaped; Bunp; Adverse Forms elc

He exhlblts olso l6 grophic works (woler-co ours, gucc-:woodcuts) 6 stolned g osses ond 5 compos lions

Bib iogrophy: Facla, 3l mcrt; Adevdrul, 24 rnan

(Sr I Nenitescu - Trends ond Exhibilions''1, Adevdrul liie -si atistic,28 mort (H. Blozicn) si 2 ion. 1927(H B ozion- The At of ihe yeor )926"1, Cont'inporot'nr. 65 (Jocques Costln - "lnitiolion into the mysteries of c-exhibltion ), Gandirea nr V/3 {O W Cisek Contro:

cnd opposition ).

- December: Co ecllve exhlblilon. The Hosefer Booksh-'

BlbLiogrcrphy: Adevdrul lil-'rar si art'islic, l2 dec-.

(H Blozicn); Adevdrul,3 dec. (St I Nenitescu).

t927- Febructry, l3 ' Morch 1 5: Group exhlblllon. " Morce

loncu ' Mllilo Pdircrscu Al. Brdtdscnu'. The Art Gcllery -:lhe Hcsefer Bookshop. .

Pointing, 36 works, omong which: Black Apples, Balcic

lu4ouldy Sfreet, Composilron tn one chord, Nopoleon i' 'privocy, The Model Fruils of the Eath, Ioose Rhythns

Opulenl Nalure, OnlyTwo Peanufs, Fuque" in minor,

Sterilized Poems, Various Nudes; Cons/ruclion in

dissononce; T h e s I u ts'' "

o(,i,'! "r2?:',. n. A76 e o n st r r t r ii ^

lfl,''x!*

- :'- 'e

::= el

lcer o'ul

desene. mcch-.le

' rrzlile co eclivi.:e o Presse Lollne

.,r8)

:xpoz l e o

-cre,ri, Nuduri pe\,/eneliand Cos cu

'r Eotres; Leqendd,) :: ii t, n u ci, I m pd rdt-. a scs

:-.vilti lileror si ortisltc,

:-ct st 20 cpr. (Petru

irlo.ce cncu, M fcr

: Codreonu . Corteo

:. P-.re verzi, Cosle/e in

lilerar si ortistic,2T febr. l! I :: :- :-4 mort. (St. Nenifescu)Vo, / a- .^-

aod^ o Fo---Sep/ember, 30 - October, ll C, :,' .-r'po o,d^rDo o o J :

Pcinting: Conposition, (cot. I 39jDrow ngs: lwo porlro ls \cci.247 r:nc 2-8

t929- April, ): Group exhibitlon: The 2nd Exh b ticr oi ireNew Ar1 Group'. Accdem cr de crtd decoroi vd

{Acodemy ol Decorotive Art).

Pointing, 33 works, omong which: Horem; Nude ciseo,Nude.s on land, Lily Popovici; Venetian, Fruit Baskef,Goddess, Nero, Nymph and Faun, Tito Babes, legend;Pan, Two sighls {ron France; Triesle, Four Peonuts, Tl-,e

Fmpress of Mexico, Ball, Moilne elc.Blb iogrophy: Unu nr I3 (St Ro ), Adevorul lit--rar sioriistic,T cpr. (H. Blczion) Ultimo ord, l3 opr. si 20 opr.

{Petru Comcrnescu)

t930March, IZ30: Group exhibltlon. Mcrce loncu, M ftcr

Parlrcrscu, Merlco Rdmn ceonu cnd lrino Codrecnu'. AlCorlec Romdneoscd,' ecnc" Room

Pointing, 30 works: The Lighlhouse; Green Peors, Casles: .

'cnd, Batavra, Coasla in Spoin; Swinming Pool, Beach al the Swintnting Pr:ol,J::sro elrusco; Sevi//o; Balavta, Cole d'Azur, Miroge, Ruins, The F/rusccn Coosl: ,--- triase, Amalfi. Sevilla, Bucharesf, Turkish Harbour, londscope with Giant

Peanuls; Arnalfi; Venice elc.: ?2 iEm Rieg er); Ioro, Blb logrophy. Contimporonul, nr Ql 92 (Emi Riegler);-' siic,30mort.(H. fara,23 mort.{Sel ).Adevorul literarsiorlis/ic; 30mort.(H.

, : 2C mort (Luclon Boz) B ozion); Foclo, l9 mcrl {C Cd ) l 2O mcrt (Lucion Boz): rrori {Emi Rleg er- crnd 26 mort (D Mthar ), Cuvdntul,3l mo't {Emtl Rtegler

Dinu)

, i::r,tinaoranuldin 1935 Note. lnlhecolcoguesol theConllmporonu/erhibiIons, ,I rcnllesiore c intregii ol 1935 ond 1936, o second monlfestol on of lhe group s

".22 llel:r.), cnuntd pentru cnnounced, but Unu, no. 22 (Febr.), onf ouf ces the I rd

::- . Credem cd este one for Morch (l). We rh nk ihct there is c confus on of

-: ' .i o cronicd nu dolc, s nce no chronicle menlions this exhlbltion; there::cleoschmborede mightbecsweIonovernighlchcnqe n

their proiect.r',rcrl de cvcngcrdd (cu Moy Retiospecllve exhibition of the crvont gcrde group,

--'esi ). Sc ocne e ziorului (on Morineiti s vlsri n Buchorest). Exhlbltlon

rooms ol Foc/o.

r'-ie .rncu, 'Fulur smu Bib logrcphy: Focla, l9 moi, (Mcrrcel lcrncu, Frlur smuL

nosiru /Our Futurism ).

Exhtbtts ot the Offtcic So on.-=our),Adevdrul lilerorsi Bibiogrophy. Focla,28 opr.(DcnFaur),Adevorul literc:r st

arfiscltc, 4 moi (H. B ozicn).

t93tMoy Offlclo So on, Buchorest.

Poinling: The Porlroil of Mrs. C.

-- - Un orlsl penlru Bib iogrophy: Unu, m.35 {B. F orion, An Artist for: Rcrnpa 14 moi (lone Tomorrow ); Facla ) 1 moi (S. Elcrd); Rompo, l4 mct

( onel .llcnu)Exposlt on d'Arl Roumoin Oclober Collective exhibition. 'Exposilion d Art Roumoln

'"i'/ en-e Conlerence de Moderne cr Occoslon de cr XXV eme Conlerence deUnion nlei pcrlcmentoire.

Po nting. Porlroil.:::tr Daubler. Drow ngs: The Ponrai ot' ttte Pctel TLteodor Daublet.: rrslic. lB oct. (H. B ozion- Blb logrcphy: Adevdrul literar si orftstic, I B oct. (H. Blczion

-: r A Cenlury of Romcnicrn Art")

t932.rrz iie co eclivcr. 'Arto lanuory, 25 February, B. Co ectlve exhibitlon. New Art::minecscd, The Firsl Exhibltlon. At Corteo RomOnecscd, ' ecncr

Room.

:-:riei Feslin; Mosa verde, Pointing, I O works: Studia tighr, Feasf, Green Table, [he)itorntc; Plaslicd, Momenl Glass, The Painilng, Fruif, Londscape, Dynctrnic, Plosftc;

Plcstic evenl.,irisllc, 3 I on. (Fl. B czion); Bib iogrophy: Adevitrul literar si crlrsirc 3l ion. (H.

Gandrleo, nr.\ /2si3 Bcrzion); Rompo,3l icn. (one Jon.r) Gc,rc';rec Lr'll/2

137

(Aure D. Brosteonu Cubism si crheoiogie' ), Focla, 1

febr. (orticol nesemncl); Colendarul, 5le6r.(A. Busuiocecnt); Curent'ul,6 febr. (N N Tonitzo)februorie,T 28. Ex.pozilie. "Mcrce oncu Mi ltcr

Pdlrogcu . Solcr 'Mozcrt , Bucuresli.

Picturo, 53 de ucrdri, printre ccre. Plolo solard, Vene|ano,

Tribul lsorga, Fruils confils, Sanhoi, Moment' plast'ic I, 2, 3,

Dinamic, Cipru; Galonta, Io poarta omtnlirilor, lnldmpldribizore; absesie, Culori pascale, Geornetrte in piolapublica, Medi, Pluilre lrogtcd, Proconsularo, Lunind deoleIier, Paharul, Port-Arthur elc.Bib iogrcfie. Vremea, l4 febr. (Pou Stericn Morceoncu scru Al Gozo i crl picturii"); Facla, 15 febr. (Mircec

Riegler Dlnu); Adevitrul literar si orlislic,2l fe6r.(H. B czion) Foclo,22 febr. (Tonio Ovi So o de crrme );

Ranpa,24 febr. ( onel .llonu); Colendotul,2 ian. 1933(A . Busuioceonu 'Arto romdnecscd h 1932').moi. So onu Olicicl, Bucure;tl.

Piclurar: Posco/d lcol.92l st Fruclierd (cct. 93).Bib iogrcrfie: Adevdrul literar si olistic, l5 mci (H. B crzion);

Llnu, nr.45, Arlc nr. opr. mor (G. .)

' Expoziflo nudu ui {mcrnlfeslore co ectivo). Solo

Mozort', Bucuregti.

Bib iogrofie: Adevdrul lierar si artistic,29 moi (H. B ozion).

Expozificr coleclivdr "Curenlu ortislic" (Asoc otio orlisil or

plcstici romcrnl) Scr onul de toomnd, Bucuregli.

Picturd: Noturd noortd lcol.77) st Piclura (cot. /B).Bib iogrcfie: Foclo,T oct (Sondu E iod), Unu, nr 4B

lruDflccl Acvor u I.

t933februone,5. Expozifio grupului p cslLc 'Crler on'.

Scrlo Dolles, Bucuregli.

Picturd. Comcna, Marind; Doomno C., Modelul, Piersici,

Fructe meridionale, larna, Naturd moarld Dundrea laGiurgiu, Fetele borde[ Lady Chotterley, Compozilie1932, aua de Pa;ti, Compozi|e, Melodie albaslrdBib logrofie: Facla,24 ion. (S. Eliod); Adevdrul lilerar $i

artistic, 12fe6r , Colendorul, IB febr {Don Bottc).

1934februarie, 1 I 28. Expozilie Mcrce cncu - Mllilo

Pdlroscu. Solc ' Ieonc , Bucuresl.Lrcrcri {menfionole

.in presc vremii): Mosd cu armonii,Compozi|e cu domino, Masa scamatorului, Transfigurdri(un porlrei); Energia sculplorei M. P., Port inghelat Scenode bordel, mc:itne.

Bib iogrcfie. Facla, l6 marl., l7 mort. (C. Poncriiescu), l9mcrrt. (N Ccrcndino),2B mort (.1 Seieonu); Ranpo, 14mcrl. (lone )k:nu), Adevorul literor si orlls/ig I 8 norl.(H Blozlon); Lilere, nr l1/7 lPeric e Morlinescu); Arlo si

omul, nr.l/9 I I (P Comornescu).oprilie. Expozilro Grupu plcstic 1934'. So o eono".

Bib iogrcrfie: Adevdrul literar si artisltc ,22 apr.ll. B ozion)

t935februarie,25. "A I c Fxpozifie Contimporanul " . Sa c:

lv\ozorlPiclurd: Parcul pifaresc, Slalui plasttce; Acorduri de plaid,Strond cenusiu, Ruine elene; Arhileclurd closicd, Peisaj cu

{es, lumini de desfrau; Mineri iarna, Fele la salon, Bive:li ,

animale lrisle, Cuib de pirali, Portref, 5t doud No/urimoarle.Biblogrcrfie. Rampa,24 febr (A T Cu dl Morcel loncu

despre ...Contimporonu . P osiiccr noud. ...Expozific

Contimporonul'), Foclo, B morl. (N. Corondino);Adevorul hterar si ortisilc, I / mcrrt., (!. B ozicn); Bis,

nr l/l (P Lostic).

t936-o o.tr lo'eo oe 1.'AI'o .pozi^Contimporanul to o oo""';,r^.

A^;-.io ^-,.. ar.,i.

ond 3 {Aure D. Broslecnu - Cubism ond Archeo ogy )

Facla, I le6r (unsigned orlicle); Colendorul 5 febr(AL. Busuioceonu), Curentul,6 febr. (N. N. Tonitzc).

February Z'28: Exhibitlon: Morcel lcrncu - Mi ilcr

Pdtrcscu". Mozorl Room, Buchorest.

Picturo, 53 works, crmong which: Sunny Beach, Vertelic:The lsorga Tnbe; Frozen Fruif, Shonghai, Plastic Event' i3, Dynanic, Cyprus, Gallantly, On the Threshold o{Renembrance, Btzorre Event's; Obsession; Eosler Colo,-Geomelry in a Public Square, Med| Tragic Floaling,

Proconsular, Studio lighf, The Glass, Porl-Arlhur elc.Bib iogrcphy: Vremea, 14 febr. (Pou1 Sterlcn Morce

.lcrnco or Al Gozo i of Pcrinting'), Foclo, ) 5 febr. (Mlrcec

Rieg er Dinu); Adevorul lit'erar ;i artisilc, 2l febr.(H Blczlon) Focla,22 febr (Tonic Qvi -'The Room wl;'Arms ); Rompo, 24febr (lone .lionu); Colendarul,2 tar,

1 933 (AL Busuloceonu "The Romonion Art in 1932')Mqy Off ciol Sc on, Buchoresl.

Polnting: Fosler (cot 92) ;i Fruit'Dish (cot 93).Bib iogrophy: Adevdrul lit'erar si artistic, l5 mai(ll. B ozicn); Llnu, nr.45; Arto nr. crpr.-moi (G. l.)

"The Exhlbition of the Nude in Poiniing" {co eclve e're-

Mozort" Room, Blchoresl.Blblogrcphy: Adevdrul literor si altslic, 29 mci (H. B ozic- Co ective exhlbition The Art Trend' {AsocicrJio crtisti c'p osticl romonr) 'Aulumn Scrlon, Buchoresl.Pcinting. Still life lcct 77) and Pointing (ccrt 78)Bib iogroshy: Focla, T oct. (Sondu E lcd); Unu, nr 4B("Acvcriu column).

t933February,5. The exhibjtlon of the o* group Crilerion .

T,eDo^ Qoor Buto^tPcrinting: Comana, Marine; Mrs. C.; The Model, Peache .Meridionol Fruif, Wtnter, Still-life, The Danube at GiurgiLBrothel Girls, Lady Chatterley, Conpolt'ton 1932, Easie

Eggs; Composition, Blue MelodyBlbllogrophy: Foclo,24 icrn (S. Eliod); Adevdrul litercr s

arlistic, l2 febr., Cclendarul , lB febr {Don Botto)

t934Februory, I I 2B: The exhlbition of Morce cncu Mi i':

Pdlroscu. leono Room, Buchorest.

Works (mentioned in periodicols). Table wil't Horrnonie:Composit'ion wilh Domino, The loggler's Toble,

Transfigurotion (c portrcrit); The Energy o{ lhe sculplressP., Frozen Horbour, Brothel Scene, morines.

Bibliogrophy' Facla, l6 man., l7 mcrrt. {C. Pcrncritescrl -

mcrt. (N. C,rrondino), 2B mcrrt. (.1. Seieonu); Rarnpa, ) L

mcrt. ( one )iant), Adevorul lileror siorlls/ic, l B mort.(H B ozicn); Litere, nr | /7 \Pericle Mcrlinescu); Arlo s

omul, nr l/9 I I (P Comcrrnescu).- April.Ihe exhlbilion. "P ostic Group 1934'. leonc' Rc -

Bibllogrophy. Adevorul lilerar si atttslrc , 22 opr. li . B az :'

t935- February,25: The Thlrd Exhlbition of Contintporonul .

Mozorl Room.

Pcinling: Ptcluresque Park; Plaslic Slalue, Hormonies or: '-Beach, Grey Swintnting Pool; Greek Ruins, ClassicalArchitecture, Lanscape with a Turkish Cop, lights ofDebauchery, Miners in Winter, Girls at the Salon; Bu{fc ,,Sod Aninols, Pirates' Hole; Porfraif, and wo Still lives.

Bibliogrcrphy: Rampa,24 febr. {A T Wlth Mr Mcrrce

oncu obout ...Cont mporcnul. New Fine Art. ...The

Conlimporonu Exhibltion ), Facla, B mort. (N. Ccrcndl' -

Adevarul lileror si ortistic, I / mort., (F1. B ozicn); Bis,

nr /l (P Lcstic)

t936January, )9 February, 1,1. "The Fotrlh Corttmporan;

Exhibitlon . Dc es Room.Pnrnrinn A./^.trntin R',.h.,.,r Ch.r l-,'11i".,, Pn-n l.:'

i l--- '.'"io Pdtroscu. Solo

:---: -r'3: Constoninopol. Plolo'- -:,

= :cheion, Furluno,flilr+r Jr:,,: -::: Sciarab; Beirut, Plaid

tnnan'- :'.' : :':'j' i Horem; Bordel,{ftrhrca -- -tr-. - -

- :.. c q'. D u m i n i co lo, I lo I i a n dl

rud omr;r: -:,::-- . :i Pogrom,Spania,

-lm,nlew :-r- ' :,:ct Doliu, Civilizo1e;

Bibliogrophy: Adevdrul literar 5i otistic, i6:e::-.iH. Blr:zion); Gandireo; nr.XV/2 {Al. Busu;cce:-- .

t939- Moy: Exhlbltion of Morcel loncu Mllilo Piircsc.,"Ghico" Room, Buchoresl.

Porniing, 3B woiks, cmong which: Constontinopie. Becc,n

in Bosphorus; Village al Sculori, lslonds; Egheion; Furiuno.

Archipelogo, Pireu; Asia, Haiffa; Arobion Village; Beirur,

ariental Beach; Nocturne; The Meditenonean, Harem-,

Brolhel, Algerian; A{rico, Europectn Dance, Duminicoic:;Itolion; Solrde; African Beach; Vifol Space, Pogron,Spain;Madonna; Castles; Visions, Escape; Mourning, Civilisation,Widowhood; Peace; Slopover, Peosant Wonen; Petters.Bibllogrophy: Universul,27 nallProl G Oprescu); Fcrclo,

25 moi (lon Vinec).

* The list r:.{ exhtbilions wos compiled b,7 Dono Herbay.

r39

:CiTl: !l -ll ON V NEA

aa l'l-:...1 zi -t53x4l .7cn' : l 9'ttli.1-:e. i'eroilr I Romore,

i r:!'e:i

CNVNEASPORTRAT(cot l)ci cn convcs; 56.3 x 211./ cm,

lr9r2 t9r4l,The Moseum ol Romonlcn Lllero

lure Buchoresl

COMPOZIT E {cot 2)

ulei pe corlon, 40,8 r 32 cm

11922 1924),

Mrzeu de slorle I Arlo olv\uf c p !lu lJucu es[r

COMPOS T ON (coi 2)

ol on cordbocrd,ulO.B r 32 cm

lte22 19241,

The Art ond Hislory Mrsermof Brchorest

PORTRET DE BARBAT

[Autoportrel]. Arhitectul (?l (cot 4)

u ei pe pinzd lp ld pe corlon;

54 x.32,5 cn, l)922 . )9241,MNAR

A MAN'S PORTRA T

lSe I Portroitl The Archlrect (?) (cot 4lol of ccnvcs g ued on cordboord,

54 x 32 5 cn l)922 )9241,The Notionc Muselm of Arl olRononio (NMAR)

THROW NG OF TI.]E DICF

(cot 5)

oil on convos, 65 x 59 5 cm

ll92al; NMAR

)41

CURTEA Cll RUFE lcol 29c)! ei pe corlon; 49 x 68,5 cm;

semrol si dolot dr los c! .relor:Morcel oncr/ I 930;Colecl,- pcrlicu ord,

COURTYARD W TH

WASH NG (col 29o)

oi on cordboord; uL9 r 68 5 cm

Signed ond doled n penci,

lower rlqhi: Morce lcncr/1930Privoie Co -^clion

)43

1-

.-tcl-

AUTOPORTRET (cot l3)u ei pe corlon;

55,5 x 52,5 cm 11925 l93Ol,Co eclie porl cu ord

SEtF PORTRA I {cot I 3loi on cordbocrd;55 5 x 525 cm [1925. l93O];Privcle Co ecllon

ABSTRACT CONSTRCCNSTRI]CT E ABSTRACTA

PORTRT_IUL tU

IACA!ES COST N {coi t5Ju ei pe pinzd; 59,5 x 40 cm

11925 l93Ol; MNAR

TI]E PORTRA T OF

.IACCUES COST N (cor i5)oll on convos; 59.5 x 40 cm

[1925-1930]; NMAR

147

*'3=-:

PA ATA ii:ci r 8 j

rlr: pe pinzri iprlar !e .orla54 x 32,5 c:n

ccr 926 j, lvlNAR

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AR.HITECIURA IIUESEUR.TLE LUI

MAR.CEL 'ANGU

l{icolae Lascu

MARCEL TANGO'sESSAYS ON

AR.C'IIIECIUR.E

Uno dlntre direcliile cee ro rportcnte, degi puf n

cunoscule, ole octivitotli ui Morcet loncu, esle cceeoconsocrcrld pub icisticli. Ponc in prezenl sunt cunos-cule circo 37 lexte o e so e

.in ccre dezvoltc probl+me teoretice ole orhitecturli moderne o oni or l9201930. Ce e mci mulie ou fost pub icote in Contimporanul. A scris insd si c olle cotevo reviste o e epocii.Miscorea lilerord c: ui Liviu Rebreonu, Arlct si Crasul(printre fondotorii cdrreio s-o 9i oflot), Facla, Adevdrullilerar si orlislic sou Crasul, o revistcr condusd, lomi! ocul cnior '30, de Cicerone Theodorescu.Conttmporanu/ esle inso revisio in core o publicolce e mol numeroose si mcl semnrficctlve crlico e referilocre lo orhiiecturo. Doudsprezece dinlre ocesleosunt pub iccte in 1925. Revislo o dedicoi douonumere dub e unor teme porticulore o -^ domeniului.unul Arhitecfurri moderne (nr 53 54, februorie 1925),icr celalo I lnleriorului nou \nr 5Z-58, cpri ie 1925)Tentclio eseistu ui de o-qi c orifico proprio gcndireeste dub crtd de dorinto de difuzore o idei or orhilec-luri moderne europene. Aoturi de propriile scrieri segdsesc lexle oporfinond unor nume sonore ole noiiorhilecturii (Le Corbusier, Ado f Behne, Th vDoesburg, ALberto Sortorls etc.). Articolele sunl ilusirote fie cu exempe oe unor reoizdri europeneimportonle, fle cu propriile proiecte sl construcili.Edlficotor este numdru consocrol Arhiteclurii moder-ne o lui Le Corbusier. Pe oceecrgi pogind in core estepub icct criico u lui M oncu ,,Arhitecturcr noud', sunttiporile scurle extrose, seectote, probobi ,lol de e,din Vers une orchiteclure Proiecte o e ui Cud lBirouri-i fob ' o) O'apt lCn;e ogo Tr:p rp1 o- Bor-rgeo s

lBlocuri lo Berchem), slou c dturi de proiecte si schitevo umelrice ole lui loncu lPo;ta si felegrctf, Vild si cinemc: lo munfe, Sludiu de volume; Zgarie nori, Vild inoros). Pe uhimo pogino esle inc us si orlico u ,,Funciiune si formdr", o lui Adolf Behne, unu dintre princpo ii rdeo ogi oi misccrii moderne gerrnone. Deschi-dereo lotolo o Confimporanului st a ui Mcrce loncu,in primul rond, spre gcndireo si experimente e orhitecturlr moderne europene, esle sub inioto de inslsiento prin core se semno eozdr, numdr de numdr, prin-cipolele revisle occidentc e de ovcngorddr: ABC DeSlill, Esprit Nouyeou, eic., ior cotevo cpcrifri ediioriolesunt prezentole cilitorulur romdn prin propr r e note delecturo (,,Cor1i de orhilecluro noud ).

Texiee sole, in specio cee pubicoie in Contimporonul (oproope douo irelmi), ou, in bund mdsuro,rodicolilolec ionu ui si o formu ori or din monifesle eovongordisle. Screreo este opidcrd, lexlee scurle,percutonle, ofirmo cdevdruri definiilve, convingeritronsonte, de nezdruncinol, opLnii foro echivoc.Acesleo ollerneozd, deseori, cu lonu profeiic, cu ex-Ot -nO,cO OOe O \,/ior O O CO ^ |taot ^ Op Op-de irismul coroclerislic fuiurismu ui: ,,vioto se consumarepede in goono senzoiii or vio enle si nervoose'scu, in o tc porie, lmobilele turn ,,vibreozd de cursocrscensoore or rcrpide sl de viclo lnlensd '. Ccrnd iese.inscr

din mediul ovcnqordist ol Corlimporctnului si se

Litile is known oboul Morce .lonco's oct,.nalist, ct crucio ospecl indeed of his ccre:texts hove been known so for, ncmey, ii,,=wilh lheoretico issues of modern orch'=: -l92Os ond l93Os Most of them weie :Contimporanul yet there were severo r- I --- - -hcd his essoys printed, such os: Misc:'-whose dlreclor wos Liviu Rebrecnu, o si:-::wller, Arla si Crctsul (he wos omonc :

.o,lo Aoer o ,/ l;letc: , s; 6,r:5Ti6' 6.r '

whose editorinchief, Cicerone Theodc-=,ovcnfgorde poei.However, he pub lshed the moiorily ol r - -'on crchLieciure in I6e Contimporc:nui - --.,

lnstonce, he published 12 essoys in 192:issues of Conlimporanul covered some :.-ems in this lie d. Modern Archilecttr:Februory l925) ond l"lew lnterior (n. ----1925) respectrvey. The essoysl oliemp-::set his own rdeos in order, bul he oso ..,disseminclion of those pertoining lo mo:-'orchitecture. Addltiono y, he pub ishe: ,-beonging to some resounding nomes r - :ol fieLd, such crs Le Corbusier, Adolf :=Sorloris, Th. v Doesburg, elc Piclllr:, -imporlonl Europeon cchievements onC ' .

ond bui dings were printed to illuslrole -,=re evonl exomp e in lhis respeci s the s: =Archifecfure. Jonco's essoy "New A.:- '=

published o ong wth short excerpts fro.- --Vers une r:trchilecture, presumob y se c, :I r'e r. Mo,eo,e C.o s p'o1e , {C -/o rorl o ,ve o. Cooi. {C- c,Bourgeois' lBlocks of Flals in Berchen ,,' -wi-l lorcos poo ono rolr Tei ..

O{.^ o'td le,egropt \'llo ord ( -^tains, Sludy on Volumes: a Skyscrope' : ,',vl.C.'lebo t pogetloe .o) L.

Aoo r Bo^r a -, e ^1o) -"lpo lor I oee - Go .ron Morerer I, wos o o i ,-Contimporanu/ ond lcrnco hod o dei- -o*o ds "rod^., o hi'e .t,e e.pe., .

Ecch issue ol lhe mogozine consi: -

Western Avonl-Gorde pubiccrtions, s-:- -

Still Esprit Nouveau, elc., in order to [e:: ' -reoder lnformed on the lclesl news '- '-iniroduced by .lonco himse f os his o,,'. - '- .

do ("Books on New Architeciure")l-so* a \ trspero, [oAvv' a

nul (olmost lv/o thirds) shcre, lo o grec :. -gorde rcdicolism of the monifesios, b:--'r oor d oa.-5cot .Strlo..''-i,'[ ord eq voco opi o.r o-- '-orl^r ore-^ole * l p opre.. 5oo^.lic cnd visionory imcaery, very much .=cism Thus he would wrile ihct " ife b,' ,

run of vio eni, nervous sensotion", wh : -- -ment bui dings "throb with e evcto,. '

down, wiih lntense rfe in them" W.: = -

"-r ,nui cerc moi org de citriori, concen- -' se dilueozd, lexiul devine moi iung, mol' r-lr-lnnefle e sunt cduloie cu moi mu ld

=-=,-ento tonului sccde lrepiol, spre miilocul:-nd orgumentele invocote in fovooreo

'=: urii si urbonismului devin moi complexe, :-e dor convingeri e scle rdmdn lo fel de

-- oo e c e gondiril soe osuprcl orhilecturii't'e in ce e dlntoi orticole (,,Slil nou:: Arhitecturcr noud' , ,,Construcllvism si or

:zoivoreo funclionold odecvold c iuiuror:e o l itr. t' ro (. or torr -Te q6r6cpti

co'loT O qo^fer -o ir e o r {. S.rqrr :ctiunir de o clodl '), occentul pus pe,,:pul socicrl o orhiteclurii ') si, nu in u ti

, : -:b emele unei noi esleiici orhitecturole, - sensu utr iicrrist o clodirli' ). Se poi re-

,-,surinid, principolele drrectri progromoti-,-j'ii moderne europene. Tooie oceste:np ificote, oprofundcte, uneorr suferind

*.crlonle de oplico, oproope obsesiv in-' : so e u teriocre. Exlsid, toiodotc, o

= ,:-nifrcotivd o inleresu ui, in timp, de o- -=:iurii spre ce e o e urbonismului, u ttme e

- = t"nd dediccte oproope in exc usivilcte

- -tr5e or.

,- de por :,ipc eo so d ta -o lo pr^'o-p tLlt de "' o.. Mo' o. o-. occe^

:- ,lle ori ore occrzio, dependenfc orhrtec-- -= de diferiie experimenie ole miscdrilor-= :,cngcrdd ,,Arhitectul modern esle con,,: srnu ul cfirmo undevo (,,Despre orteler-'itecturo noud'), dor conexiuni strOnse

-- :cdoismul (de lo core revendicd ideecrr-e or plostrce obstrocle cu orhiteciuro),

.--, (core esle ,,expresio ceo moi violentoie constructie o vremii noostre") si, prin

----enlele supremotisle; lc fe de direcle,. - -cie co otore, sunt influenie e gruporiit

='eo demiurglcd o ortislu ui ,,Siilul nouao romontrsm o inceputurilor unel noi

- ::csebrre de prelungirile romontismu ui

- ' X-eo, pe core il dispreiiuesie profund)

= t-:.c, pe Morce oncu, o voinlo de arld

: ed o orli'ti'e e,'ope'le o pA, oo

= roi lArztu, o tronsferd si crhiteclurii (,,o

- :'- -eclurd superioord', in ,,lndr timi, c tnieri- Din oceosld necesord corelore inlre

-,' -: s orhiiecturo decurge, in vrziuneo lur^ p^'otiv-l iefoce' r'lo o .

,I -- :odirii moderne esie srngurul eement: :rhitecturii ccruic ii ocordc o olenlie cu

. : :. Aso cum s-cr vdzul, Morcel lcncu il con-' ,, scop ol oclu ui de edificore, : inlerioru ui modern, generole de un

:= : privi functionoLitolec (dimensionoreo

ssed o pub' rc thot did noi c3 '-: ,.,cle tero^ €,',o o o- ,-awhot while the lexts ihemse,,:- ,. , -and didactic os the ouinc- ...:.qor,d ro p0\6 ' J

The moin ihemes underyrng h s crcniie.---tr '- .r -:*ee ir-rodt po 1 eo',, " 6. \ c cArchiiecture"; "New Archiieciure"; "Consi.Lrc-rv sn crIArchiteciure". They spinned crround such proc ems os.the oppropriole functionol so utlon of ol orchltecluroprogrommes (occording to o "truthful idec", os he putsit); the importonce of ihe interior spoce ("the on y ooolof the bui ding octron"); the emphosis on urbon plonn ng("the socio gool of orchrleciure) ond of course ihe oesthetic ospects (undersiood "in the utilitcrion sense of thebuilding ) We con ecsily troce here the mcjor trends ofihe [uropecn Modern Movemeni. Loler on o lheseihemes come up obsessivey, lhough deot wiih in omore comprehensive monner, while hls vrews some-iimes seem io hove significonty chcnged. Likewise omoior shlft o{ inleresl seem to hcrve icken ploce, r.e,from orchiteclure lo urbonism, os h s osl essoys published in Romonio decrh clmosl e,clusively with iowndeve opment issues.

Being utlerly involved in the ecrly 2Oth ceniury chonqesrn the reolm of crt, he never ceosed to emphosise hbwmodern crchitecture depended on vorious e>perimenlsof the Avcntqorde orl movemenis. "The modern orchllect fo iowed cubism" he put it ln hrs essoy "Cn Fine Artsond New Architecture", yet, he equo ly identified stronglies with the Dodo Movement (to which he cscribed theideo of co crboroiion beNnreen obstroci ort ond orchl-leciure), os we os with conslruciivlsm ("the most vio entexpression in lodoy's building') ond consequeni y wllhihe supremotrsl experimenis lost but noi leosl, he implied the Lnf uence of De Still, though noi overtyNcluroly, the ideo of godlike power of the ortisi ("NewStye lres in ourseves") thought of os downing romonli-cism in o new wor d (unlike the unheclthy persislence ofihe l9th c. romonticrsm, which he utiery despised) ledlonco to the so-co ed willtoori ideo (Kunswollen) pre-voi ing in lhe Europeon orl mi ieus. He oier ironsferredilio orchitecture ("o wi to lofly orchiiecture" in "lleights,olignmenls, cnd urbonism") So, we shou d not wonderwhy Morce Jonco slrong y odvocoted the imperotivelo remol<e ihe broken uni! behveen fine orls ond orchileclu re.

THE INTERlCR of the modern bui ding wos the onlyspecific orchiteciuro elemeni he considered ot ength.As ii hcs been clreody noliced, Morcel Jonco thoughtit cs the unique gocr of ihe oct of bui ding. The bosicfeolures of the modern lnterior, qeneroted by o newmode of undersionding funciionoiity (dimmenslonino of

213

111

T

1il

il

I'

spoliilor inierioore, rnclls',' c ro'in or, omplosorecrferesireLor, mobi orec mocern,i e minorec decorotiei, iluminoreo etc.), suni idenilce pentru e, cu scopuri e urmdrile de ,,esletlcc noud . Pulereo de creotie oorhitectului, susl ne Morce loncu, ,,se rezunrs (s.n.) aopiitudineo de o vedeo spctic , de cr concepe spotiu limiici s de o troge dinlrjnsu toole consecinlele 1n

vo umu exlerior' (,, nleriorul" ). Se poi descifro orciref exe o e gcndirii orgonice, filtrote prin perspeclivcneop oslic smu ui o ondez o grupu ui De Sti1l. Arhileclul modern, ofirmd oncu, creeczd spoiiul de violoinleroordr, lor coso modernd, 'in intregul er, esle expresro ocesiei nol orqonizor o vleili. Este lnteresontde observcri modu in cor-e coso (ocuinlo), co obieclorhiieciuro supus innoirii rodico e, este ridicoto onivel de slmbo o no r epoci, in opozifie totoio, dedolo oceosto, cu otitudinec onll slmbo rcd o neoplosticismului. n consecinld, folodo isi pierde sensu

trcdilioncl; ec esle subordonoid funcliunil 9l modelorilpcstice o oceslelo, dor copdtc, in schlmb, o tmportontcr semnificoiivd pentru orog.

Cec de c douo volocre esenlioLd ccre, in vizluneo ui

Mcrce loncu, lrebuie 'revizultd", este URBANIS-MUL. Arlico e e so e referiioore o urbonism nu cu fostpubliccrte tn Continporonu/ ovongordei orlislice, ci ino ie douo period ce. Ato si Cra;ul(1925) sr, respecIw, Crctsul (1934) D n oceeosi oni 30 dotecrzo si

conferinlo,,Uiopio Bucureslilor', linulo in 1935, pubrcctd in brosuro Cdtre a orhilectura c:t Bucuresttlor

impreund cu lexle e conferlnte or ui F-Jorio Creongd ;iCclcrv Doicescu. Articolele dln

,1925 ecrgd cotevcr

dln idelle urbonismului modern de ce e ole orhilec-turii, enunfcte simu lcn in Conttmporanul dar, in primulrond, cccenlueozd dimensiuneo soclolo c orhiiecturilmoderne, core se regdsesie prrn urbcnismu socieldlirdemocrotice cr incepulului de seco. Morce oncucrfirmo, pe de o porte, dreplul o o solulie esleticcpentru or ce tip de c odire (nu numoi penlru celereprezeniotive), foce din orhitecturo modernd o orhtecturd ,,de consum'; eo esie considercld, de cincepul, cc un imbol occesibi oricui (,,oricine orevoie sd focd crhiiecluro nouc'). Pe de olto porte, orhiteciurcr esle socicr c prin importonlo urbcrnd oLocuinlelor ieftine; prin urmore, orhitectu coniemporone chemoi so ,,deo soluiii morole din punci de vederesociol si esleiic' .

Lc un intervo de un deceniu (oiunci cand Contimpor<tnul jst 'incetcse cporifio de colivc cni), ideile generc e, enunlole onlerior, copotd omp ocre, dez-vo londu se in doud drrecili. Primo dintre ocesiecriind,^ spre exo loreo ro u ui urbcrnismului in viotc conlemporond, in core crre direclo cu orhllecfuro, cdci,,slilul modern cere urbonism modern". Urbonismuesle, de fopl, pentru Morce loncu, in primul rond,

,,crrhileciurc dirilotc' . lmportcnfo so esie covdrsitoore,o( r'l e ^qtr po prolelr. cr o r ^ | Cr p ,Oalao

'intregu ui orzonl spirituo o epocii sunt odevdrole e

dote ole orlei urbcnisiice' (,,Urbcnism nu romcniism ),

interior spoces, inc uding height, p oce-=e iminoiion of decorolion, i uminclion. : -

wlth the goo s pursued by the "nevr :- -

orchitect's power of creoiion, os Mcrce" only involves (our ito ics) his skil fulness '- : -tio ly, io creole /Ae liilted spoce ond use :'

effects in the exteror volume" {"The lnie- ,see here lhe effecls of orgonic ihinking : '- -lhe Dutch neopostlcrsm of De Still -lo-:o so thot the modern orchitect wos cb + -

oppropriote spoce for rnterior lfe. ..' -dw"llrng o o .nloe tros o' e pe'orgonrzolion. lt is worth noiing how the , -sidered os cn orchitecturol object, sub e--=renewol, become o symbo of the ne',nr ::=by, thorough y opposed to ihe onti-symb: : -

toining to neoploslicism. Consequent y '' =its troditlona meon ng ond was subord'-:-=-tion ond oeslhelic mode ng, rn exchcnc:c crucio signrficonce within lhe city

ln Mcrce Jonco's opinion, URBAN Si.ond essentrol vo ue ihci needed "ree, lessoys on urbcnrsm were not publishe:, -

gcrde mogozine Conlimporonul inslecc ' =in Arta si Oroeul \1 925) cnd Oro;ul ll9:on "Buchcresl An Utopicr", f rsl de ivei-e: - l

pub ished loier ln lowords c:n Archifectr, = - :iogeiher with Horio Crecngd's ond Oc-:eclures Hls I925 essoys crrlicu oted the :-ern urbonism ond orchilecture, thot we': =Contimporanu/ simulioneousy. Firsiy, ': =

lhe socio dimension in modern orchlie:----be troced in the urbon p onning ihink':2Oih century democrrrilc soc ely. On lh: , -osserted ihot the "right" to on creslhelic s: '

lpe of building (not ony ihe pub, c o::,modern orchilecture into o "consumer r-wos considered from the siorl crs on r:--guoge ("onyone is cllowed io toke u1: --ture") On the other hond, he under ine:lure is socio due lo the urbcn imporicr:=housing. Thus the orchltect wos sun'r: -"moro so ulions expressed through soci: -:

viewpoints".Ten yeors oier (when Conlimporanul c--:,-out for few yeors), the moin ideos. he .:ecrrier, exponded cnd deveoped ln -..

Firsf y, he proised lhe roe poyed by , , -

modern ife, directy connecied io orc.'= '

"modern style demonds modern urbcnis- '.lonco urbcnism wos essentrolly "direcle: :l le deemed it hcd cn overwhe mi.:be-or,e ne o.lrol oorc of r'bon o ' .-the prophetic underslonding of lodcy's :: ' .ond the comprehension of its spir', ,"Urbonlsm, by no meons Romonticism" :- - -in the some visionory monner: " is mole' :meons ore revolulionory, while its pcrn.=-:

' ' r oe i^ o -e os s viz o^or: ,Mo-e'o '

- esie urios, milioccele uj sunt revo-

- : c crnu sdu lrebuie so fie utoplc" (,,Utopio. -- J Cecrlolto direclie obondoneozd gene- -'-- o se oncoro in concrelu bucuregteon.

- -rbcnismului modern sunl osrmi ote de: -:-,r, in mod focrrle precis, cu propuner e lui

: , :' oeniru Une ville conlemporc:ine. Profund

--: ':lei, el .incecrrcd trcnspunereo, in cozul

: - o ideiLor ui Le Corbusier {idei cunos-: ,: -:. 'in cercuri e profesionisti or romon ), in'- .ore nou Plon Direcior de Slslemcrlizcre: r -i curs de e oborcrre. Detolii e urbonislice,- :.rr.rcioTe sou egisloiive o e mode u ui,

: -- -oi convingdior, sunt puse oloturl de ofir-:reri ln rdspundereo,,nemdsurold' o gen

: re core deprnde dezvoLloreo modernd o- , I timpuL so focem opero de urbonism,

, , ,minocrsd'.

--- :neni o lui Morce cncu, in iuru c-rru c: ':ote lntentiile so e leorizoloore, este,

=-'ri spre definireo FCRME ARH TEC

- : lerne. Eo esie corolorul eforturi or de': : c mediului construil. Cc ortd obslrocto,

:-e. drept miilooce de exprimcre, ,,vo u-

,: ::, numdru, suprofofo, greutcleo, linio-:, orhiteciurc' ), c ccre trebuie crddugot

' =- ,'. Arhlteclurc este, pe llnio cunoscuiei: , Le Corbusier, ,,orlo corespondente or

- . -:porturi or echi ibroie de vo ume, o pro. : ''r.nuri or consiruiie numci conform egi or. I t ser, b, io-i >i o'e qe91 all e

. . : ncudr ') 1n ocelogi limp, este oflrmolcr

=::rdenfo strictd o formei de utiliicie: orhi:: rle rezulto decci din ,,sinlezc formei sim--- : core, in mod inevitobil, exprimo funcfi-

t -- , ...r modern insusi este dependent de uii i

::: :e e ulil nu poole fi urci", cfirmd Morce

= -:rC o sintogmd ccre, de lc sfOrgitul sec-

. - :sie prezentd meTeu o orhiteclii moderni.- ,r re sublinioi schimbcreo de otltudine folc'

- -:-donote esenlicle oJe orhiteciurii moder

- -3e drumu de lo punciul de vedere o' =-'-J ccrre un motericJ oorecoTe nu poote

. , -:'o credrii ,,stilu ul' , pono o c cfirmc, in' r re p ongelo' , co motericlul esle unu din

:;evdrruri ole orhilecturii, c dlur de vo um.

-' .:r il urmeozd, dor cevo moi lenl,

- : mogrnism. Refuzul mosinii, co sursd de: -----..r orhliectul modern, este ofirmoi rdspi

- cl olelul, nrci piotro, nic sgcroie nor i,

. - cl mosinc nu ne vor'invdfc stilul nou". ln'. :erd insd cdr nou ideo orlistic ,,se

* ::- in formo trenuLul, outomobiLelor, csou o unei mcsini'. Din oceostoli desprins-r, cel moi bine, poole,

on" ("Buchoresi An Uioplolion, we moy noice lhoi he::.: - --- - - .- -o 5-o eTAr -\ lo ro

perioining lo fincnciol, cnd, ond e: : .- ,: -:r, -:ments of hls modeL were convinc ng y crese'ier c :--jwlth his sloiements obout the "extreme respors c r,, ;phis generclion for ihe modern deve opneni ofBuchcresl: " i's high time we creoied o prophetic cndbrighi urbonism"

Morce Jonco's theorefico thinking steodiy spinnedcrround lhe definition of the ARCH TECTURAT FCRM lt

wos lhe crowning ldeo of the efforts lowcrd toicr

renewol of the bu lt environmeni. He thought thot orchiteclure, os obslroct orl expressed itse f through "vo ume,colour, number, surfoce, weighi, lrne, eic" ("The NewStye: Achitecture"), lo whrch the interor spoce shouldbe cdded up Fo lowing Le Corbusier's wel -known def-inition, orchiieciure wos described os. "the crt of spotiocorrespondence, of the bo onced relotions beMreenvo umes, of proport ons cnd rhythm buil cccord ng toihe orgon c lows of sensitiveness ond geomefry"("New Architecture"). At lhe some tlme he would crssert

thoi form strictly depended on uil ity, which meonl lholorchileclure cou d on y issue forih from o "synlhesis ofsimp e crnd noluro form", indubitcb y expressing ihefunction. The modern beouilfu itself, in its turn, depend-ed on uiility' "whct ls useful connot be ugly", he soid,echoing o commom stctemeni of lote l9th ceniuryo rchitectsi is worth emphcrsising howlonco chonged his cttitudeloword h,vo esseniiol coordinoles of modern orchiiecture, r.e, ihe mcleriol ond the mochine. As for the former,Morcel .lonco wenl ihrough the whole woy, from the

oriist's vlew point, ihct would thlnk thot the moteriolcou d nol bios the "s1'ye" to o rolher osion shing siote

ment (see "Drcwing boord Archiieciure"), odvocctingihot the moiericl wcs one of the wo lruths rn orchileclureo ong wiih lhe volume As for the loiter, the orchiieci'sthought weni ihrough c simi or chonge, though ot csLower pcce. His denying the mochine ony ro e os osource of inspirotion for lhe modern orchiteci wos colegorico y sicrted in his first essoy "The New Style -Architecture": "Neliher ihe outomobi e, the sione cndsieel, nor lhe sky-scroper crnd crysiol or the mcchine witecch us the new slye" However,ln 1929, he thoughtihot the new crtistic ideol could be expressed freey ''in

ihe overc shope of ihe troin, cot, ocecn iner, cs we I

c.s in cnv mochine". His evolulion shows how his ideoson the Jrchitecluro form mcrtured by groduo inlergrcr

iion of oll components regcrrding the Europeon iheoreli-col thinking .

215

molurizoreo gond ri so e cs,rprc lormei orhiieclurc eprin inlegroreo, lrepiolc, o tuluror componenteior.Ota OO- I OOrilo ' lao O e. -Op^Or O.

Formo orhrlecturold esle, in concepfio lui Morcelloncu, o simbiozo inire rotiono itcieo dotdr derigooreo conslructiei qeomeirice {core confero oblectiviloie orhileciurii), siricto definire o ei in roport cufunctiuneo (prin oceoslo ccpcrtcndu-9i volenle esocio e si deci, unrversolilolec), dcr 9i o voinlei creoiocre o crrhiteciu ui. Penlru el, orhiiecturo modernotroieste, agodor, ,,dinir un imbo d, dlnlr o bucurie construciivir, ndzuintd sociolcr colecfivc, in p in ocord scru

ndscuid din insusi spiritul, cerinle e proclice si o sensi-biLltote specifico vremil (,,Arhiiecturo de plongetc' ).

Morce loncu nu so numdrci prinlre cei ccre ou oduso conlributie noiobi a o leorlo orhiteciurii moderneeuropene. Ansomblul orlico elor so e despre crhifec-lurd demonstreczd insd, foro putinto de tcacdo,cunocslereo perfectd c idei or si o iendinle or mcnifeslote de mori e personolitdli sou de migccrrile degrup Legcturile sirernse cu migcdrile de ovongordo,oleniio crcordotir circu ofiei ideilor, o fdcut co e so fietot tlmpul informcl de evoluiio speciocu oosd o oces-lorc. Morce oncu c osrmiloi cu repezicrune orienidri e ce e mci diverse, penlru c le redo mediilor ortis-lice romdnesli - dcr nu numoi - intr-o formd personolo,core linde spre exprimcrreo idei or generole, fdro insoo luo 'in considerore diferenlele imporlcnle, deseori,ole orientorilor sctu persono itoli or. Decurge de otciun onume ecleclism ol idei or din oriico ele sole.Privil inso in coniextu romdnesc o perioodeL, ro u luiMorce ioncu in difuzoreo ldeilor crhiiecturii moderneesle de primd mdrrime: nici un orhitecl romern n o foslmcri oproope de sensul noiLor direciii o e orhltecturii si

nimeni nu e a propogot cu cldio cioriicrte sL posrunevreme de un deceniu. E o siiul sd creeze o slore oespirit fovorcbild orhltecturii moderne, moi oles in iuruConfimporanulur, care o fost, qrolie u Morce loncu,incepond cu 1924, revisio romernecscd ceo moioctivo in p omovcrreo idcologiei noii orhilecturi. Eo olo I do o'l^l rg. O rev o -_ opo it:tr o..lo-lo I

onii '20, otunci cernd reflexe ole mori or schimbdri deotiiudine fofc de orhiteclurc opdreou sporodic in efe-mere revisle de orhiiecluro \Revistc: de arhilecturd siconstruclii, I 9I 9, dor moi o es in Cdninul 1928 29)sou ln pub lcctii cu o t profi cu turo, deschise uneorispre ocesl domeniu lluceoforul sou Vir:1oRononeoscd ).Depcsind cu muli perioodc de moximd octrvrlote oprimer ovongorde rometnesl , Morce lcncu si-o contlnuol, neobo sil, camponict publicisticc pOno o'r 'lo, , d" o-i.I i A [r oo o a -r ,ao izo eo p op i-

o'poec'c) ol.r condchelr rorodorr oeodejo o reo iiote ccceptoto 9r osimi ctd de societcleE o fost mereu in ovcngordo.

ln Morce .lonco's opinion lhe requrre^-= '

form were thought os o symbiosis of the -': -

stricl geometric construction (ihol confer. : .cleor definition os to funclron {thus c::,o er.e. o d I o5eo re' -1, rr;, o c -.

odded lp lhe o , -ec s ow (rool .e I -re, he thought lhot modern orchitecture . = -impu se, its construciive ioyfu ness, o :: - -

ospirotion ihorough y iuned lo or born -procticcl needs, ond the speciflc sers' . -iime" ("Drcwing Boord Archiieciure").

Morcel Jonco did not belong to thot c:-=--tects thot disiinguished themselves ihro-:- -

r'o' tors o ^e i^eo y ot nooe.T cr'his esscys cre on irrefulob e evidence :: -

versoni with the curreni iendencies of vc- -eA o w-' t^e oeo ,-ppor-od o, --lo o,f .rro.--li:.gl l,o-r^r-o^ -

.

movements coup ed wlth hls wokefu o-= .

' o-ior of id^o -nooe nir g on i'

person. Here is the source of o certo r :: =opprocrches. Morcel .lonco woud ::,- .

diro .e o, orioiiOrs O or oto,, I 9 I -' '

ncte them in the Romonion ortislic mi e,. -

in o quile personcl version. He se =- -,occepled ideos, wiihout tokrng nto c--ences belr,veen orieniclions ond pe-:- ,significont occosionollyll ."'o.a^to616.0rr IloPo'or - .

period, Morcel .]onco's roe in ihe :,,=modern crchileciure ideos is on outsic-: -

wo) ^o olr^ Po^ or o^ orch ect oto the direclion of ihe new orchileclurc -:-ihen. Moreover, none wos ever ob e -, -os c eor y ond possionole y cs he dic --

docode. e [-er.r [-o,v o lreo ! -d'esprit for modern orchrieclure, esp., -Conlimporanu/ mogozine, which rnr:. ,-, -.lonco, the mosl ociive Romonlon chc--=inolion of new orchileciure ideolocy i- '

ceosed io corne oul. lndeed rt wcs '--to come oul regulcrly ln the '20s, !.. = :crucio chonges in lhe orchilecturo cc:-tered in shori-ived crchiteciuro molr- --61lriro,1111O "; ,OrS,u l;; -O O i.Cdminul, l92B2S), or in olher cu iJ-r :

were sometimes open to this suble: - -RomaneascdlMo, ol Jo'.o or lito6 -1

" ^ o, r ^

the firsl Romonion Avonlgorde grcr. : - - .

inhis canpoign until mid '30s, in pc-c =ing ocliviiy. By thot time modern c'--'-verso y occepled cnd osslmi clecm lreu.

He wos clwcys cr step oheod.

ffl nou: Athiteafvrs: . : Dodo p'olp.'o5e (ol -ro Te'r, o'o ei eopo'- o'ir rJt 'rothitectro

-- r-:. o pornil de o ortlsli.h - ---:l- primele monrfeste in I9I5 in core procc

",-

.

r: l.crreo orteior ploslice cbsirocle cu orhiiec-''=- o {zo.o.eo ior e o pri. iro -epllirie )

: ror er ' . de o'd i o e/poz'ior {veroi: ::i nosiere indireci insingurorii oifirtulri il rir: : a.re);- -: rcmei lcr lcblourile obslrccle (e e nu mcri

---,ri noiuroliste; singurd orhiieclurc este cod-

'': -'ufier suproomenesli cr ortistului culiivotd de-. :-e incooce (ortislul nou esie omul core se

= : soclelote).

' c' ires o eroL .tro- le o J[c oa e,e-np -

: -oobo,or. o'eo- po -ctr ob tro. o r- o h

', : ',.4oi lcrziu, grupul ortisti or rodicc I (Arp,- -: Richler sl loncu) cereom chlor ononimcrlul

.. = l: OfiO.

'-.: : :ecundot, cdci scurt timp dupo oceeo omrr - : minuni: expozitio orhiteclllor independenti

: : r-.JTq, prin sfortdrile uriose c e orhiteciului; i ' urmd gcoc c orlelor obsirocte op iccrte in

. . . ., d r We ror (Bo,-ro '.)- 7 remorcdm o inf uenio omericond (vezi F.L.

: -' lricogo) lo linerii orhitecli olondezi. Acest ori-, .- simp ificotor e'inlr-odevdr in spiriiul nou Dor

, : - oic inseomnd preo pulin. ln ocu 'verlicclrermon de oltodoto, n-cm inironct decdt un

. ::loent. n ortd orice preferrnlc preconcepulo" - ^-a de mcrlericrl, esie o impurLioie. Eo sobegte. r r-e e mijiooce obslrocie de expresiune.

' :r :e erijeozd in principii de ortd noud, simpe'. ::-olLuni lehnlce, o noivd pcrsiune penlru- , I o pueri o odmirotie penlru ingineru ei.- - ^- oceosld otitudine moi mu t di eiontlsm decdi

-t:'e si creofie. A spune cd o cosd noud nu' , :., e sd oibd ocoperis, nici igheoburi, este moi: ^ rr decdl o cfirmo cd cei moderni nu moi. , =. - decdi in cristo sou in belon ormol. Si in- - - .: poote iurno romcniism, ior fonlo pooie luo

- = = Renosterii. Nici oulomobilul, nicr otelul, nici

- : -.ci zgcrrie-norii, nici cristo ul, nici mosinile nu- -' ^rvdlo stilul nou. Moleriolele ocesieo con

-:::zd coteodold un ospecl. Arhitectul insd ire-

= .: e uli izeze ca o formulo, sd e mdnuioscd, sd-ra Arlo, prln mii ooce e ei, demoteri alizeazd

. Ate.le -n oo(e sr I p.ra oo ro.'i-r' loor^. 1L"Tor . rp oloto 9-tr, o-e .ir e et..

. -: - este in noi si nici decum in moiericle, oricdt- -:rfi ee.

_ ^ Jo'tttnporonut. t .18. oclor o ^ l074 p.

ilrdtilecluta noud

lhe new slyle: ArchiMvrclle Dooo Movor-'t loo c' ': .-. : -iir g,^6' rF, 6o rtr'co s. ^ : ::The ortists were the first to recc'Wolo,r.^^dl^o'irsr ro.e..,-'- - -..:- .

cloimed.l. The interrecrtionship belyzee. :c:--t,-t-: t-t -:re uvenoied crchilecture {iso ciior :- .. :r ----2. Agcinst commeTce with ort onc er.- a :-: ,:-t -.

hod indlrecty led to ortist's clooiness l-: lr-:- tr-pover!),3. Agcrinst fromes for obslroct poiniinas (ihey oie ncinoiurolistic seciions ony onger; crchiteciL,r-e cl one ccnsupp y ihe frome),4 Agoinst crrlisl's superhumon houghiiness, which hcsbeen fueled since ihe Renorssonce fthe new cr|st is lhemcn who returns to socie!).

tose lorte. o iol \ we c -l er , ppor-eo oy e.pa,mentol evenls exemplifying lhe inlerre otionship of obstrocl crts ond crchiteciure. Loter on, lhe qrouo of the-oo . ols iA'p Lgg^rilg R, -e' or o o.r. i) evor , loimed the crnonymily of the work of ort.This ideo b oomed ct once, cs we wilnessed ihree mir-ocles: lhe Berlin exhlbition of revolutionory crnd inde-pendenl orchilects, fo owed by the first cubrst city{Mogdebr 9 duo 'o orch,,e,r

'l o,,' poinl', eltorr.}ond '^o 1 l-o Wein or :, -oo ol obsrocl cr-, oppi eoln orchileciure (Bouhous).Since l9lZ we hcrve olso identified on Americon influ-ence (see FLWright, Chicogo) on ihe young Duichcrchiiecls. Such simplifyinq horlzontol composit onoccounls for lhe new spirii. Shou d we holt here then it

wou dn'l be enough nsteod of the former Germon'veriicolism' we hove enthroned o subsiilule. ln orl crnypreconceived preference for shcpe ond moleric is

impure. lt weokens ihe true obstroct meons of expression.Here ond ihere, simple iechniccl remorks ond o ncLvepossion for ihe mochine ond o childtsh worship of itsa'g leer c o r lo oe l'Jp pr 1, p es ol 'l e rew o t. W^perceive rother cr dileitcrntish mode thon insiqhtful cre-otrvily. To mointcrin lhot o new house needs no roof orguiiers is even moTe noive thon to slole ihot theModerns will only bui d in crysto ond reinforced con-crete. Romonticism con be poured into concrete ondccsi iron molded into Renoissonce shcpes. Neither theoulomobile, ihe slone ond steel no ihe sl y scroper cndcrystol or the mochine wl ieoch us ihe new siyLe.

Sometimes lhese moteriols induce one cspect lhouoh.Yel the orchiiect should know how to use ihem lLe lor-muloe, to hcnd e cnd win through them. Due to iismecns, ort demolerio izes lhe molerio . These meonsore bui pure obsircrclions, vo ume, colour, number, sur-foce, weight, ine, eic.The new siye ies in ourseues cnd by no meons in therole' o s we r .e 10 '-lot e' ^ow -ew lrey r g^ bo

Conlinporonul , no. 48, Cctober )924, p 1 .

firAncEt tAt{cu:EEXrE DESPREARIITIECruP.A-

TTAR.CEL IANCO:fExfs oNAP.CTITf ECTUP.E'

?17

Lrlcrce clcl !'c lmearl'e:iai:e ' 92Lflt:':: :.rr Arcf 'ectonlc

Ruperec unltolii olotcupii.za-ac:e ce ortd cr arhilecluril, osc cum oceostd crla . .e rn:ati.eozc in vremeoRenosierii, esle prcino ce or diniol erezii in orfeleplcsliee. incercoreo usurolecd si deplosoto o "iluzloro,i ' ccr'tr o \o I op q , .,o ^, -o O.f te , nglI^B r^1".rr M,1eo q-o Borool e .).

5c z uneo s o occeniuol cu vremeo, ior romonllsmusecolului trecut o consolidot coicrsirofcrlul individucrlism in orldC consiiinlo orlislrco noud si pulernicd s o ridicot in]ume cu noslerec orle or revo ulionore (cubisr.,,,obslroclionism, construclivism), tocmoi cond orhitecluro ero sd disporo 'inlr un suvenir dulce din irecui sio ale po. , a oa pr io ^ de i^5 se, lo, o oc.,6 3c7,a po, o- 1 Oe, O-6-IFO

Cu o cloriiole, o violentd si o compelenlo neinlo nildde veccuri, ortele p osilce cu dot dupo rczboi p imuloloc core trebuio sc libereze si sa umlneze si ccleoorhlteclurei. Preqdtireo se fdcuse cu fo osinld, coleoero deschiso. Din looie co iuir e vechei Europe seridicd strigotul ortistului dupo vicrto Arle e p csticerefdcuserd procesu reinleqrorii e emenlelor esenf oleln creoliuneo ortislicd si dictou luiuror orle or clorilcrteo or.Mcnifesiul ortistilor rodicclt din l9l B glosuio.Trebuie o conceptie unif<trd, adan*, docd vremdc. ,2,t, : pJtp t Ctr de tgo d .,o'c:

Noi arlislii reprezenfdm o esenliald porte a qeneralitdlii si vrem sa preludn rdspunderea evoluliei ideole.4' t1 O- .O egco O c-.rO O \tpn: rOA, t^ p-t^ 07opraope fornulotd. Spirilualilotea unei ctrle abslracteinseomnd deschiderea orizonlului slnlonc,tnlului delibertate al omului. Credinto nooslrd este ctla frdte-ctscd, misiune noud ct omului in socielale. Arla'a' o^oe loo

".ooo^ on. ^pie. e,.eoLicso..e' "dore.t a' osLlt ^o. . V o^ .o - a pL tp.pa .on_

slienld ct productrei {orlelor indrvidrrctle penlru recslizc:recs misiunti acesfaro in cea comuno. rotala. luptctmconlrct indlvidualismului fdrr: si:tem. Cel ncti inal'l concepl ol nastru esle coutorea unui plctnATCTCUPRINZATCR d" orizonturi spiritualeAceosla esle daloilo naastrd. Von da erpresie vo/ulo 'o - dob' ^. \ or oo di e r e t:, 7p1 6 r,elo- o.5-porole {Eggeling, loncu, Richter).n oce o$i timp, dor foro nici un conioct, 'De Stiil , qruooroc, rodor" li'o, o'o Oe-i o ^ . a, O .,ot ,nEuropo ou reolizcrt orhitelurc noud, lonscr un monif_^stsemnol de pictori, orhitecfi si scu ptorr, in frunle cuh^o,or Do^.b, ,o oi. o,F e.,og^.r.

I Exisla c:zi o constilnld noud si uno veche in lume.Ceo t^. Le 'o ,Tat eoo,o sp ^ .tot.d. o . eo no.oSpTe untvetsol.2. Arlct noua o odus la lunino ceea ce contine consliinto ceo noud: echilibrareo propottiei intre induiduolsi universal.3. Con$tiinlo noud esle pregolilo a se rectlizct si invicslct exfeiloc:ra. Fondatorii noii concepliuni core credin reforma ortei si o cuhurii, vor sa jistuga pupo,

fhe new ArchifectureThe breok inside the o -inclusrve orl unriv :

j ,

os the otler monifesled ilse f durino the. i=- -

fhe couse of the first heresies wfthiriftne c- : :c.rOr d- OO,aOOa-lpt O.t^O-anl i 9 ool orc^ re lB , ^o o,..Blondel, eic ) vigorous y objectedThls split become deeper in time ond ftr':lury Romonlicism slrenqlhened lhe coics'-::o ism in ori.A -r., ord pow^ l o . or . -lwrth the birth of the "revoluiionory' c-. , -Io o^ n .oT\r,ciu nIwl^er o.obo.i or^lr o,rc,y -oo.weoi

.

-- oo^d ol l1a o go. Too, 1q ^'d "

'ho, ova O ! ,p ol .ot{^oAher World Wor fine orts lounched c --- -lor- oro 'orpe a.t o(\o rtr -"tao, - --'L ^ool o orhile.,.e. I,cpopocpoinlless ond the rood slood open F-_- -.o aPl\ o f ,6po 6.1o o, o reo- l. :te. , e or . -oo er-o. ed rr- einie

lhe esseniio elemenis within crlis|c l-:-: -

were dictoiinq their cLorily lo oll crisThe I 9l B monifesio of the rodicol oi' :-i ::lf we are for strong ctnd lasling decis,: - . -ct deep, unitory fhinkina.We, lhe artisfs, stand for csn essenlia :,:c:l ond wish /o ossume /Ae resoonsii-.. -

fion. We hereby lel everyone'know ,-:- - -ol our time is almosl drcswn uo. The sa -

lrctcl orl mectns lo lel mctn's'feelinrJ'ic-,-=-wide hoizons. We believe in brith---- - - -

is a new missron {or mon wilhin socie-. - .,t" ) a ioco. or ooc;" o -er"l ^ oo : io oo\^P'a[ .d:\ o a lo a'

d:'r, a:<r:o1t be netq"o ^ta --one We light the individuolisn thr:t rc, -.The search for on ALLINCLUSIVE c: -'zO' ' S a, . at- €,t rOo ^p 1n." 6 :

ct woy lo express t'he huge billows ...=directions lor odd tendencies (Egge i-: l

M^o' whil^ a a yc x.i,r ro roT--.le g o' p oi r-o D.lr n Mooer -

modern orchileclure in Europe, wos I - _-l^ '9 , 6s9^^6 o) or -r 're, I o olhoo vo't Doerb,,g ol wL'.,1 AA:, -

I Today t'here is o new oworcness ..- -

o'o''hevot o tncooo pt ..

new one lo the unlversal.2. New ot hos brought to light the ^ :--owo enls". on eq, 'l b,., ^ oe 14 epthe ar:rlicLtlor3. ihe new oworeness is reodv lo [1,:ide life The founders of the new ihirtr;-:ot ctnd cullurctl reform, wish to desiro,, :-="toet lhe oae-''to, fl'o .; oe, .^^the wc:y fine orts did with the csbolitior c: .

r. - - -.viduolo, dogmele cctre slctu in drumul-' ,' cso precum in orlele ploslice sa distrus- -- -- ,-eo noluralismului, ceea ce stoteo in dru-'r -- :' nottuni de arto.

,-:' . cerintele comune erou: I ) Dislrucereo- l-;"rb \e .ar o-tr iere oe .o oio,o,- := oiob eme e vieiii; 2) Exprimorec unei con

'= i.tl-,or orielor oer- L o oozo 5p ri-Jo o- : I le o conslrui, 3) Dislruoerec duo/iiolii inire

:-': orro devine violo; 4) Distruqereo duo i-' '=:rtrsi sl om, creotorul nou revenind lcr

r' - tocelor sole orllstice, cere loc in vioio,

' . :- ^-chipui ce ecou o creoi in sufletu crchi. -:,-:ii de neincredereo in creolii e lor oces-. .' - :'i. Zi ele revoluliilor post-belice ou fost cel, -: :borotor de incercdri pentru ideile noi.'. :-:hiteciii, pictorii oceior ocuri ou produs

: : , -trTe ocele serii de erpozit i sl reolizori din- - o PS Ce rorio pe core ro re cor.i: - I 'or de cro^vo i ce rr (p ooo-e Jo

-:= -rprofoto pdmonlu ui. Deodolo, heqemo-- - _ I r revenit in moinile orhilecturi inoculote.

- :,': :cczie omintim nume e lui Gropius si Toul, - ' : ::re o fdcui primele reo izorr experimen' - :r :, doi eo, core c reclizot lonqo Berlin, in

-::eburg, primele reolizdri prc-tice in onul, - .cr rdmdne vesnic, cu tocto insuficienlo" --:-ziiiet - primu monument ol vointei crriistice

. - - lsire.: eo1o T,rpof'-ooegilc{g6g'g 1-gi

:r-a o elemente cle problemelor crislicer - - - - Cecot orchitectul, coci el rdrmdsese in- " . : - :oliie, fdrd gcoo d, fdrd mestesugori, foro, - -- noment s-o simlil ocest lucru si lumec

: :t=l co rnginerul, co mci odoplcri vietii, prcr ,, - - - sclutiilor fdro inconiur in concepfio sirict'- r: procticd ceruld ozi, ii vo luo ocul.

--l 'nore, cu oiol moi mull cu cdi lonoru]: ' :: - Cin scoolo purio " ovol iere', polorii cu

:-:r'ice, icr in foto viefii, cu toote diplome-,-I -cce nlci mdrcor cdt zidorul sou.

. ': ^oud, in viu contocl cu oriele ploslicer : 3JS si dOnso cu oceostc problemo sim' --e cr, o priceperri moierio eior de prelu-

slood agc:inst lhe latesi ioec

The common demonds we-e. , r::--rs'eod wo I nops or^ oe- r. j: : -.

*o I {d.clir e wi' o p or c- _

n Ot , O.t.Ap-iO^ rO. Oll O.t\ . , .t_

. . .

sol spirituol bcsis to build on 3 . -: :=---: .

boh,ve^" liie o"o c,r , o'r becor ?. -: -

T]

. ) o oislr 'ge'iide, e lerri,e de ,ur'.viu de vederi ce s o iscot, s o inleles

exisiirq dL o n bo *eor a 01 c : j.. :-co. -A,.1'lq -o lL e os,e,,e ol . . :denond.opro,e o -rs-lf ' I- ^.become lhe crofismon of o new civi izc:ionWe con imoqine how these demcnds echoed in theorchilecis' s-oul, iroubed os they were by o thorough]o l o ,o-'oor ce r rroir wo l. le po5wor Avol- o'o ydoy.wereo nuqe lobo oor/ o o ..o.1 e.a. ewoeos oL. ll o

"om wo I of s, r.po ", o,,iii"a,, o"opcinlers produced ihose e>hlbitions cnd ochievemenisin Russic, ond especioly in Germony, which we nowperceive os o vo conic lurnoce of lruihs lkely io chongethe foce of the eorth. All of o sudden, ortisiic hegemonywos o.en over cQo' oy lnis r oce o-ao o-. ."." ,,..Wo tcrl ^ thi' oppo -lniry to re.o' Grop. , or d or s

cor ''b ' o' .'l-ero'n" do Ine rir l^)pa 'la^ \ o.ro laeo ro lLe ri , oro^'co ocLiever o, . r lg2A l

Mogdeburg, neor Ber in They ore bound fo lost fore-ver,.despite ihe inherent shortcominqs of trcnsiiion, osihe lirsi monumeni showinc the crtistic delerminotion ofour oge.No one cou d hove ever benefited betier from the thorough. e ucidoiion of the crlistic prob ems of our timethon the orchitecl hlmself, since h" *o, the one costo one in the world with no trodilion ond school, with nocrcflsmen ond no creed. For c shortwhile evervone fe Ithis siiuotion os such, ond the new world shored in tlreopiriolLo lre e1q^ea boinq bele'odir- reo.o, oo'ob en s o^c, . oooole o t rc, r-re ,, o gt-for*o,d

"co-nomic ond procliccl so ulions specific Io our time, wiever uoly oL o t 's o oco.'l-e do^gtr. wo. evel q eote,) 'lca lf,P yotlg q'odLo e or( niter yr6. *o6: i. q g'louollie'o or o o w.oeor'T"reo lo or o desp,1o"n1,diplono. ^e wo. ess prepo ao o ro, e e -no" -l obricl cver he worLed withNew orchiteclure, inlensely interreloled with modernfine orts roised, in ils lurn, the problem of shope reduc-tion. ond knowledge of ihe moterro s to be processed,ond whol is more, the obo ilion ol eclectic ideo of sly-les.

A v v.d r-o'crcnge ol v'ewpo ^ s -nooe quo y6ro ,rol-ly .o':prel "nd 'o 5y,es we'a ro' ro bo -ode orc-orb;n"6; or,y o l;uely op ir'sr. o-d or 'r. ql-,, ', rrerligerce d ecrod lo spo, 'ic ror le.to io-- or o Jr rTr ecould generote s!le, Lust ihe wcy ihe orgcn generotesihe iunction The boses for new resecrchln orihitectureore, on lhe one hond, the science, o necessilv of proc-lrol oercr o, (corrp'elely o tl^rer I or .no\e ir l1eb ooming oge of ihe Bcroque, for rnsionce) thct nowcre solved by the mochine, cnd on ihe other hond, thepossion for ortisiic synthesis of noiurol ond ploin noiurol

:

'

ti , .:.

I'

: -- -riie nu se foc, nu se combino si cd-"-- optimlsm viu si o inlelepciune pent-,,'r- e oldi de corocleristrce si soecific-^::'r- e oroT oe corocler slrce st soecitic_^- -:oslre, doco ii suslln rosiul, se vc

: . ''--o funciie orqonu: sli u. Pe de o: -ecesitoie c cerintelor proclice (ccre

r .'-.le de oJe epocii inflorirli borocului, .= -.," ; g;ri;;;;;r;;;; p;;;;;;;,Lr. - . ': ::'ie pcsiuneo pentru sinlezd ortisticor - : -:-,':e si simple, reprezentdnd funclium' ' .- l- soc u cerceldriior orchileclurii noi

219

ClC OSICIZ.

Acum so inleles cdr o.hiec-,-: -- oooie fi o*c de cr

deseno folodc scr nud.lr ccr c- problemo ei orlrs-ticcr rezido in crlc corespondenie or spctio e, cr

roporturi or echilibrote de vo ume, o proporlrror sl cr

rilmuri or conslruiie numc coniorm egior orgoniceo6s^'r.io,o oeqeo^ai^Dooor^aoeo- ^oi l.eeoeolcocr o.Uzlne e, Crogele,Grcdino, Locuintele Eftine, Sgorie-Norii isi cer o conceplie odevcrrotcr. A 1e supune sli u

ri ot mocrle este o monslruoziloie Si o dovodo deimpotentc. Tocte vo orile esenllc e c e orhtieciurii lre-buie revizuile: inleriorul, singuru scop o ocliunil de cr

cladt, urbc:nisnu/, scopu socio ol crh iecturii st esfelico, oceosto 'in sensu funcliono uii llorist o c cdirli.Un tondr crhitect germon, Hilbersheimer, prectzeazain lermenli urmallori prob emo orhiteclurii de cslozi."Cc orice discip incr slo sr orhliecluro in folo necesitolii de o oduce urnlnd in luru mi1 ooce or ce-i formeozd fundcmentu si insdsi nclurc ei.Aci i-o servit plcturo drept ca auza, ominlindu i e e-mentele de bczc c e oricdrrei orle. e emente geometrice si cubice core formeczd u timcr obieclrvoreoos b al

borpurile slmp e cubrce cubul, sfero, cjlindru , prismo,piromidc, e ernente pur compositionole sunt elementele de bozcr o e oricdrei crchileclurl.Foptul co noturo crhileclurii insos esle volum in spcl u,

conslrOnge Jcr o cJorllole [ormc]o. Arhllecluro rsl creoriginec in geometrie'.S o inteles in line ozi cd crhitecturo esle pr n excelentd orlo socio d si co individuo ismu in orhileciurao re ol o' no e per' o.Arhilecirro cr inf oril numoi in oce e vremi cond ideecrde conceplie o ce er moi simp e orfevroril, co 9i cr

celui moi simp u monument se oqlindesle oce csi spi-rii bozot pe vo or funclionole crescuie si de ocordoccepicrte in t mp st 1oc.

Dupo un seco de 'incercdri slerile si in ciudcr isloricismu ul ec eclic, se orold osidzl in Cccldeniul Europeo miscore de orhllecturo, core inlToneozd un nou simlo molero e]or, moi sincer, moi vru, ccre dupo cred-intcr noosird se vo dezvoila 'in timp,

.in odevorclu siilcrescut din spirilu si economlc vielLi nooslre.

Conlimporctnul nr 53 54 februorie 1925 pp 3 4

Conslruclivism si '',lhilectutdConslruclivismul este orio obslrcrctd', core, cresculo

d nlr un slml optim st c vietii, purifico orlc de orice urmede romcnlism, fiind expresio ceo moi vlo enld o doru ul

de construclie cl vremii noostre (Epoc e mor or slilurise corocterizeozd prinfr-un crsemef eo dor de o clAdl).Lo incepui consiruclivismul ovusese o otltudine di elonld penlru mos nlsmu zile or nocrslre. Acesl ]ucru cfosi lnvins prin ridico u siiuoiiei, cocl e] nu reprezenlodecol un nou romontismCu occrz o expozif ei internollono e o lechnicei ieotro

shcrpe representing rts funclion.Frno Ly rt hos been understood ihot orchlte: -'-not be the crl of drowinq focodes cnd nuc:. ,

prob em lres with the ori of spoticl correspo-r:bo onced relolions lhrough vo umes, of prop-' -

rhythm buil only by the orgonic rues of se-..geometry.Todcy's prob ems cre different from os yesi3'lPlcnts, Gorden Cities, Low price llc,.-.lu ooe . .trao 01 Or - a I ot 6ptO

ihe deod slles on them is monsirous ond c-, =tence. All lhe essenliol vo ues of orchrieci.r-: ,-reconsiderec: lhe tntertor, the ony purpose -'ptocess, urbanism, the sociol purpose ,-tl -,',- .ond oesihelics, understood in ihe funcliorc -. '

sense of the bui dingA young Germon orchilect, llilbersheirr:- :todoy s crchiiecture prob em under i-:,.'Archileclure, os ony other discipline, foces -- .! to elucldote ihe mecns ihol moke ils bos: :-noture.At th s point pointing hos guided il by recc - : ' -e emenls perloinrng to ony orl. the cubic c-t r-aF1 erq.Ct '^Oo'or-iTOeObo --.;

The simple cubic bodies, such os the croe :ihe cyinder, the prism, ond the pyromid, r-'- .

lO O ^aTeT) OclroOO OT^ O /

leclu re.

The very ncrlure ol orchrleciure, whlc'r ,

spoce, imposes o formol ccrily. Architec---: -

in qeometry."

Jt hos been fino y undersiood thct or.-': . .sociol orl por excellence ond thus lndjvlc-: .-leclure rs the greolesl donger of o .

Archileciure cou d on y thrive during thos: -- -lhe mosl unsophist ccled go dsmith s worr r- l

unsophisiiccled monumenl ref ecleC ll-e . -- .bosed on developed ond commony c.,:: -tiono vc ues in p oce crnd ltme.After o century of slerile pursuiis ond Ces: - -tic hlsioricism, o movemenl in orchitectu.e , - -\,\7c ial r I gpo I o- o1-l 'o a o r e^ lond genuine sense of the molericr s; we a: :- -

w.r qowi -oo,a \q6o.o6po6ond economv of oLrr rle

Conlimporanul, no 53-54, Febrr.lc- - ,

Constrvolivism lrlnd ArchileclntreConstruciivlsm is the cbsirocl' orl lhci .'=-01 OOI -"r \ aw 01 to p go5 Or ,'or ol [-,6 r\^ os ,o^t I

sirucllon fleld (The epochs of greoi sty e: - -rized by cn irrepressib e impu se lo b, :lnitio ly, constructlvlsm showed o i e-:-'iowords todoy's mochinism I cou d be , -

by sensing the ridiculous hypostcs s o: . .

' oor I. o 1^ ^ , o^1onl 5n

' r,: ce Coslee s o scris urmdioorele:. :' r. rlre r:orfois des d6formolions sen

= - -i qu",lrn. Lorsqu ils veulent c lout,= ^--ob e PJus d'icones ! Plus de fetl

: , -- -es liberes I crieni i s. Et i s decol-: - . : r- s ne scveni pos lire ou mellent

,: r rce pour vorr l'effet Si vroimenl lo-i:-.,r", Messieurs, s'il esl vroi qu'el e

: :-: empoignez lc, soyez m6cono,: .=z rngenieur, conslructeur ou mot

- --*:r, commondez d lc mochine ou- ,' :- por e le el olors, si vous 'oimez

i :'es pcs un imbeci e peufelre, fer

. ---' '-6conique. Mcis s'll usionner ou: r,: e mol et 6 6meni suffisent, c'est

- r..c de eou'.o, o;9r -^oo.a r "ce

:-:--rc-e (Rodl[o e KunslJer Zurich), s

,: : es in Rusic sl PoLonic (Molevitch,o-p"l le ^ pe'n er orF o

;': opl .oo 6{o'gq olo noi 1Io- , ::eslor oriisti de o coloboro in violo

odooorer ero p^ o-o':epio'ce' ^oAoLe'l|:o

- --l-sfd ', core se pierde intr-un com, '- : peniru o pune numci problemcr

,: -l' csldzi n o existoi o concepfie moi: l: o reclizcr intre criele plcsiice 5i

- ---o, cr compune in obsircrcl, creind- s;orofefe, vo ume pr n cifre geome

. = :poi cr 1e tronspune 'intr o reo ilole. : -cierlolul viu dupo egi e sensibi itolii

.-: -: oduce orle e p osttce in co eo unei.: -:: conloprri cu orhrieciuro rendsculd.

-:-r': o fost reliefu obstroci, cote cetecr

^^lato.t 151-[ ys t.e. o a tr | [D o .r t rO :'o^oord d^.o P

---'-- o cloriflco rcrporluri de volume 9iI : emd de puro crrhiteciurd). Apoi cu

: : ,:r moi curotd, cu evlcvio ceo moi- -rirt sd compue din lemn, piotro, fier,

:,-:, cdevdrole evoziuni din domeniu:: = -: ploslice, cLodind numoi dupo egile

,' : emolivilotllor moderne.

- -: rd-inv nge romcnlismu mcginei, recu-

, - --:otibilltoiec inlre eo si geomelrie, fiind

- :',- - de o rto ( Fieren s)

- : :oemee sensrbllitclli, constructivismu

- --:odele si milloocele moderne, reol-.3q"oeoPr -1 oo9o1 70-qP,rr',o. Ge -rot l-o D !-lal o p q'

: -:rsiructivigrilor, din Dusseldorf,'incd in

- '- nume e grupor lor de crrto noudr din

, - - :rn), Scondinovro (FggeL ng), RomOnio

. 3etmon o formulo urmdloore e.

: : 'eolitatea unei probleme obtecilve de arta

-.': problemele individuole. Acectstd pro

= : c:ltcevcs decat o cdufa cs face un tctblou

Cn lhe occcrsion oi lhe r-e--t , - : =' -e -a 'i o eq p-^

wrole lhe followlng Ei e r: ::-- :' r- - - - r-d6formotions sentimenic es l: -r-- -r --:' - :

v^_-r roiorpr .d^ -P,soele le \ode oq.e'l '46'3r1on^ _rq 3,^l e .o' , q ob- p

mochine vous inleresse. Mess e,.: : -: .'l -l- - -d(Ievo'le )r Ie a^POO',/ : -

pour de bon, soyez rngeneur :. ,',,'=, ,, -:'chond ou recordmon, commcndez a a '-la- -: J,o ssezvous muttler por e e ei o ots sl vous airrezencore, si vous n eles pos un imbeci e peL:relre, ler-ezvous de ort meconique. Mors s iluslonner cu po n- de

croire que e mol et elemenl sufflsenl, c est voulojr s e

nlvrer ovec de I'ecu."Construclivsm, whose roots con be troc[ed down loihe becinnings of obslrocl ort (Rodi[o e Kunsller -

Zurich),-hos moin y deve oped ln Ru:sicr cnd Polcrnd

f Mo'ev.r | ".,'t' , To l,n PJa l ,^/ne e-r'a a po';-'ror'6rlreld of opplred ori olfered o lorger choice Theseo ilsts desLre to collobo ole in motters of ife (the oriist

hos never ived in such o precorious tme os ours) hos

been orliculcrled convincingly in iheir "supremocisl " for-mulo ihot slnks in the middle of cr formol nowhere, ln

order lo put only the problem of the moteriol.The similority of conception befueen orchrtecture ondfine crts hos never been obvlous. To creole on o rhyth

mico bosis, lo compose within the cbsirocl frome byqeneroiinq re otion, behveen ines, surfoces, cnd volu-

mer through qeometric numbers ond colour cnd then to

lronspo:e lhem oll into cr new klnd of reo ity by fobricoirq -,ive, ^o'p,O o oO. oIo l^ Ow.OIo'oot;sensilivly he e it ls how oris contribuie to o cose ond[ru tfu welding with the reluvenoied orchiteciure. ll

beqon with lhe obstroct re ie{ thct c ormed c ploce withtnlhe woll. [oter, Lisiizky ottempted to moI e lhe obiecl(Proun) cs o purely oesiheii. stcndord meonl to c orify

lhe relotions beilnzeen volumes crnd moterlcr s. (A pure

orchleciurol probem lndeed) With their uppermosl

sensitvily ond inlense devoilon, they begon lo compose pure conslruclons in wood, slone, ond lron - o lrue

escope from the lensuous reolm of oris bu ldrng up

occordlng to orgon c lows, the only funct on of modern

emolion.The new sensitivily overcomes the romontlcism of lhe

mochine, oc[nowledging iis incompotibil ty with geore'r 7berq eo /o9 ooofor"(ieet)Aporro-'o:o1 11;rypober o-"..q oF-meoleo n -' 'Le 191^ 1 a^q1 619 'Te'L 61l i or

omnipresenl focior due to cn internotlono spiriluol orgcnizotion. Cn the firsi Congress of ihe Conslrucllvisis

1922) tn Dusse dorf, lhe Germcrn oriisi Hons Richler,

on beho f of ort groups from Swilzerlcnd (Boumonn),

Sccndinovio (Egge lng), Romonio (M. .lonco) ondC^rr o, , o.p o od -r" o o,tr'g idoo::Wc ^ore Fo. "eo t eoc t o n, otoaob1e. re ot' p a

blem frc:nscending the tndiriduol problens. This pro

\lorce rcrAil,':-:1924Morce ,crcc .rrno A pi oi':1924

?71

sau o plcrslico bund, vrerr, -ecrijieo Vrem de comunacard si realmente sd consiru-rrn. so cicdrm si sd punembozele scoale,noi Ne ptnent singuri problemele, casa,

'po'.r S PtctlO'A . oo'A.O .aPreciz(tm cd arlo o sfarsit de c fi un vis ce se pune de-c,t

curmezisul realitalii, un niiloc de o descoperi rnislerelecosmice, c,trtct esle o expresie realo ;i generald a energiei creoloctre care orgcsntzectza progresul omeniri.

Contimporanul nr 53 54 februcrie 1925, pp lO I 1

InlefiorrtICmu clddeste cu un singur scop: de c creo lnlerloru.Scolie 9l occdemiile ou ucis, prin formule, insdsiintenilo, scopu c oditului, cdci moioriloteo orhilecillor,ormoli cu dip ome, n ou ceo moi modesto nofiunedespre inleriorPseudo-orhilecili de crzi stiu so picleze nuduri, soscu pleze ornomenle, sd oquoreleze fclcrde.Arhilectura esle insd numci si numoi orio de c vedeoin spoliu. Existo spo/iul lrnitot de pionuri pereti. NTERLCRUt, icr co o urrrcre o inlerloruJui, vo umu:EXTER CRUtPuterec de creof e o orhileciului se rezumd in opiiludineo de o vedeo spclic , de o concepe spafluil lirnitaf si a troge dinlrinsu loole consecinle e in vo umuexterior.lnteriorul modern proportioneozc, dupo scop, ind limeo si mdrimeo inc-rperi or.Economio sl utilllorismu] ou creol necesiloteo mici]or'inollimj, core prin conirost creeozo un eleci spotiolroi bogol oo | ;- a or,'-i o rli- ota \pe' t.,o.Esietjco nouo, simpld co sl cer nlele igienice, precon.zeazd in dluroreo topeie or, perde e or, covoore or,lcb ouri or, si cere perel zugrcvifi dupo scop si impreiu rd ri.

nleriorul, loc de odihno, cere clorilote. Ochiul vreodintr-o privire so cuprindo tot spcrliu .

lncdperec modernd cere mobi d mrco, cot de iocso9i pufino Pereti sl plofoone unilcr lrolote.Fereslre e de lumino si vent otie pot fi csezole dngcrp cfonCorpuri e de umino ortificio o vor fi osezole in loculunde sunt mci uli e, foro o se line secrmo de oxio tto-te.Mobi o nocsird seorbodo si p incr de infloriiuri tre-buie, prin odougiri si invenlii ulile si un moximum desimp ficore, sd reo izeze moximum de confort.ln orlo noud, ulilitcleo, scopu, vo dicio ultimo formo,core vo fi frumooso cu prisos ntd.

Conttmporrsnul, nr. 57 58, oprilie )925 p2

Arhileclutd de plangetdln seco ul rigid 9i sob,r'ol betJnu ul ormol, roco ortificiolO de inzecltd ldrie, domnesle incd concepliomeschind o podoobe or si ornomenteior. Ce din

blem means o lot more lhan naking o g:-,and a work of ol , we denctnd lhe recti '' -

agree ond wont to build, to build ond lie n-- :,

of lhe new school. We al<;ne pose our o\..,- :which c:re: home, spoce, surface, colour, c., ,We d like to mctke clear that ort is no lotc='set ogainsl reality, o means to find out.ovi , -arl is a reol ,:nd generol expression of ct c'::gy lhot alone orgc:nizes the progress of ht- -:'

Contimporanul, no 53 54, Februcry l9i:

fhe inleriotWhenever he bui ds, mon hos jusl one gc: -

lhe inlerior spoce.The frozen formu oe of schoois ond cccc=- -the very lnleniion ond goc of the building : -'most of the orchiiecis, showing off their dic , ^hove the sliqhtesl ideo of whct lhe inlerior -=:Todoy s pseudo crrchliecls con pcinl nude. , -menls, ond drow fccodes ln lhe oquore e -=

Archileclure is exclusive y ihe crrl lo see ir .: , .' |.s ;71e6/ rpo! e ir) p o.F sr,' o- e - -

ord r ^u^. I tho volL e. H[ tlTrR C

The crchitect s power of creoiion on y n,.: .-tyloperceivespoliolly, locrecte lhe lini e: .-.use cll its polenlio effects in the exlerior r .- :Modern inierlor occommodotes, occo-. : '

iecl's gool, lhe height ond size of rooms.Economy cnd utililorionlsm led to smolle' -= -A I Na /O OllO r 'rigg^1og grl g. -. -

effect thct rendered o specific rniimocy i: ---New cesihelics, os elementory os ony r .I -recommends lhot wo poper, curloins ----' :pointings be removed; il demonds inslecc :, - -occording to the given conlexl ond pur..:-The interior, os o p oce for resl, needs : :--., l^. oa^oo a l-ee,iro.po,po..The modern room needs only low, smo : :wc s ond cei ings uniformly trecrted.The openings for ight cnd ventllcrtion .r- : -close lo the ceillng.The ighting cpp ionces con be p oced c .':-- -

oxiolrty conslrcint, wherever lhey ore neel:lCur ife ess ond overdecorcrled furnliu.e .

moxrmum of comforl by usefu odditions -.--oversim plificclion.Withln new ort, the crlterio of purpose crf : --diciote the ulimoie form, lherefore, on..-- -b,^oLrlifrl one

Conltmporanul , no 5Z-58 r,:-

Drawing board Architectvten the stiff ond sober oge of reinforced c-- - -

the ortlficio rock s len times slronger, the ,-=decorolion ond ornoment is still dominc.-

-: rford vlalo vuieste de germinolii noi, orhi-t':-'l pcno o ido olrie cu plonseto, s-ou bori:-e iere 9r sco i be eortisfe, copiind cu febri-:: c bume si dictioncre, stiluri perimole.-r orlo volume or in spoliu, nu se rezumd ]o'=: simeiricd o inii or pe hdrtie sou umple-: -,: or. Chezcsio orhrleclurii esie bucuric

- o reolizdrii si nu ornomenlciiei de

: :: o crld noud, incd fdrc nume, incd in ncs-

-' ,r-e pornlnd de lo 'inlerior' , nu pune coscr

- -: :-rrd decorotivd, ci co uno de expresie o

=,c,nzdtoore nevoilor de stondord si utllito-

r raevdr in orhileciurd e vo umul; cel de ol-.:-erio ul Clne foce orhileciurcr pe hcrtie,

-'-:'rci pe unul, nlci pe celOlclt. Ardetr. ::ceti modele, este lozinco crhileciurii de

':cronul, nr 60, seplem6rie )925 p 67

,fm#hifecnra de m6ine:-: ,:men nld de o gterge crh iecturo dintre

::': inldlurol prin imboldu novotor ol plost-

::--al de zid e inveil inlro inlreogo founo si

:: psos. Singuro vrnovotd e p onseto. O' -'uncot o in focl, -: crlo prin exce enld o spcfiu ui, o devenil-:-olorie de desenotori minioluristi, oquorelis.:eclivisti. Cc orice crrid, sclu mcl muli decol:: lrdieste dlntrun imbold, drniro bucurie

' , i, ndzuinld sociold co ectivd, in plin ocord,,,-a dln insusi spirilu , cerinfe e prociice s o: : specificd vremli.

=.-erizoni de ieri foce oc unui rofiono ism

r: o cucelloore drogoste pentru noua.:-d: industrio zoreo.:-c de ozi trece de drept mosinii si pro-

,--: izdrii consirucliei nu esle uno din ce e

' 'ednsemnote probleme economice din-: :ptd in iot ocu cu 'monopero" scumpd

r ,^one si reolizol experiente de more-'-u reducerec cosiu ui unei ocuinl-^ orin

r: -mp si monoperd ln montcju or. Zect: = roi upto sd 'in ocuioscd orgilo orsd.: :ci de ipsos, din perefi de ozbesi sou

:- : -enl sunt peste iof cunoscule 9i experi

-:--, 'e dln tob o de fier de curond experi,- l ;o ou dol ]oc unei industrii cu tolu noi

-= j noi iefiine, ce e moi ropld monlote s

:: ccuti.

spoi on the wcrll ls enve c::r - --: : : - -tloro. -r^ o ; o'o c l :

oer oJTce i l ,oryi c.. :. - =' =Ar'l'^-op^e^'e : :' ::. -.-o jugglerstrrckof those'"'"-::-r--:r-----:- -: r l^ q r" O-.re OQ' Ce , , r.

or yoL^ o' o'de.e-- . : :''rpJs^ o lu'.e :.. . :

a'p o-o' f o'o g., 'ac '. . lproclicol needs,ondlhespec--:i-: .-.,- , -..- -:.While outside ihere is i,ie : e: . - -,r: -- -:..'''sprouting germs, lhe crchiieci: co c-'- -, ) ./.JJel ;oiheir drowing bocrrds borrlcode ihem.e ve" n ii-eir s-u

dios ond BeouxArts schools, fronllco y copying obso-ele siyles from olbums cnd diciloncriesArchiteclure, cn orl of volumes in spoce, does nol confine io the symmeirico order of lines drown on popercnd to skrllfuily cover up fccodes for thetr own so[,e ltis nol the drowing boord decorotlon bui the ioy of ther o er'o] o, d lho otco-oiirt -"ro^- t.o no' ruo ror I qo'uine orchileclLrreA new orl is emerging iodoy, yet nomeless, yel in lrcvoil' o orge .o- ide'roo o o-ior c-.' o ro ro- eo .nileciure, bul slorls from the "inlerior" os on expression ofife conslstenl with the needs of stondcrd ond uti itu .

The first trulh in crchitecture is vo ume; lhe second 6ne is

ihe moleriol. He who does orchlleciure on pcper hoshcrdly ony chonce lo know either the flrst or ihe secondole. BL'n;o,,t d o^.ng boo ds ond aL ,o trp -ode's-I , s o-o ow ' po-.wo'o i' o" ecrJ e.

Contimporanul , no 6a, Seplember )925 p 67

I o m ottow' s Atchile clu teThe donger ihoi cou d hove wiped off orchitecture fromomong the iving orts wos removed due to ihe innovcr-iing impu se of modern orl.Yesierdoy's historrcrsm, turned rnto obso ole oesthelcs,mckes room for virile roliono ism urqed by on oll embrccing ove for the new reoson of ving. ndustrio izction.Todoy's produciion rightfu y be ongs to the mochtneond the conslruclion indusiriollzolion issue is noi in theieosi o simp e ond mlnor economicol problem in theword Everywhere the rnochine flghts the vlcious ondexpensive' hondicroft"Londmorks hove been p oced in, ond extremely impor-tonl experimenls hove been ochieved lo decreose ihehouse cost by reducing lime cnd cbour in the ossem-b ing process. Tens ond iens of new building mcierio s

ore fightlng to e im note the burned brick; oll over iheword pcsier pcne houses wlth osbestos wol s orcement ponels cre known ond tesled out.The recenly tesled iron sheet houses in Eng crnd opened woy for on enlirely new induslry ond now they orethe cheopesi, ihe eoslesl to ossemb e ond ihe heollhiestlo ive in.

This new horrzon in bui d ng hcs been opened by thesimp ifyinc uti itorion oesthetlcs thot odvocoies

Morce oncu, Conslruclie,

1924Morce lcnco, Corslruclion,

tq24

I

:ri creol construcfiei cr fost deschis dej .oloo o o t l o-s'nr I orF 'e e

223

Vorbesc oici de bund seo-i ce o.ob eme de orh-teclurdr slrdine, cdci noi ini6 r:- c ioi posu 'betonu]ormol' co o suoremo proco de progres. Aiureobeionu ormct o losi oprocpe comp el parosit fiindpreo scump si prec putin ropid.

Confimporanul, nr 61, octombrie 1925 p 6

Expozilia Wetkbu,n*.Die Wohnvnglntr-un iimp re ciiv scuri, crhileciuro modernd c focutposl gigoniici. S ou dez dntuii forfele conslructive c e| ^,.gela O- !e r, r O PJ'eO .r ^ i. iqr .TO trO 1a'r . ol 1a 'e 5 C)^ror 'oose.Primele incercdri doieozo din tlmpul rozboiului. Doto-riio cubismulul in orhliecturdr, ovem ozi o estelicdr nouo,o ume de reollzdrl: Be gic, Clcndo, GermonioAcei ce ou

.inle es sd reinceopd un mestesug pierdul,

sd I refcrcd din necesilcli e vremei 'in ccre troim, so sl

, bo oo.oze po--e e ^.lo /ot -e e, a re r I r

f1 qr li6. o i ,n eo, o, p Jq ,^oo-et -.1 s ll,..t o.t.ln looie co turile lumei ovem ozi cdte o grupore coreloo. rota Joo.t o i5rr o" 'oeooooI. r '' or o i. to ror .lrr r-i ,i-16.A sironge, o uniflco oceste eforturi, esle problemo demolne. /olo ce st o propus Germanro cu expozitrainlernalionold de conslrt,ctie anuntotat lo Sfutt.qctrlpenlru onul 1927. Arhitectu o de mcrrne, or sput omereu, merge spre induslr io izcre. Mosino vcr produA. O.e -1oi ol.b'e ^ o .o or oo a 1o e -^ --lo

smpe si moi frumoose deceri cele ce scru reoizolpono ozi, prrn eforturi individuole moderniste. Nimenlnu vo puteo sldvili cucerireo vietli de cdlre mosincmodernd.Expozitio Werkbund vo fi u timul cuvdnt ol industric i

zorii .in domeniu conslructiei. Eo vo deschide orizorr,

lu si d rectivo crhileciurei de moine.Eo vo do mdsuro in core meconico pocrte pcrirunde.r\oo d.d'ol oOo^ rr.Exirem de oporlund, oceosidr expozitie vc unr eforlurt rdz ete creind e emenle e tipizdrii, creind sr

o.ec'o e p'o.l^ loro'e ^ obr . loroo o.fer, emn sou osbesi. Merii ol Germcniei cercetdto-ore si neobosite, desboroid de iunkerism Chezosiosuccesu ui mondlo ce il vo suporicr Werkbund-u cuexpozilio Locuinlei " esle nume e inspirotorulur s

conducdloru ui ei: M ES VAN DER RCHE este desi-gur osldzi ce moi insemnol reprezentonl ol ultimeigeneroiir modernisle. Co oborclor o orupori G,o.z ol oo oo p e oe, o We.L b .d l.ig^,ro, osiiul so-si csiqure co oborcreo luluror fruntosilorcrhiteclurei moderne.Expozilio din Stutiqort nu vc moi fi decl o serie oeslonduri comercioie unde olcine vo ouiecr exoun-^cr se vor vedeo lo o lolc eforiurie moderniste locore lucreozd de ocum,.l P Cud - Stomm (Clondo),Corbusler (E vefio), Fronk (Ausiric), Behrens, Docker,Gropius, Hllbershelmer, Mies von der Rohe, Poe zig,

'Stondordizotlon'.Cerioin y, 1 om referring lo foretgn orchileclure c.1 ele,e we )t -Ole ogo'l ,l r^ir ot . Fo o'ove. o r il weto .t-^ ro.en ^ p.oor o. ,

Anywhere else reinlorced concrete wos comp:behlnd becouse ll wos loo expensive cnd :'hondl-^

Continporanul , no 6l , Cciober ' :-'

Werkbund ExhibitionsDie WohnvngWithin quite o short while, modern orchiteci.r-: -. -oheod lremendousy. The construclive forces ,t : -ol or lhol , o rid .o olqe' o.A - e )wa-'rolil o- o 'ele,. . hoo *er^ F- oo .e.

Their first oitempts monrfested during the Wc-:D e lo .-b .-.r 'r o'.- A,t a toooy' w6 o.oo Lol .. ord o wo o o o rievenen._ooId o oGe'-ro.y'.llebo. o rhore*.y'e.o se ovrho - .

p o9o'r l'e o goler '-o o^o n ooP ai ':

il lo lhe necessilies of our time ond lhen subo.: - : -oo-r[^l ord e..ec i. oppo-1p5 o oo t.T'^ tL^ .e^1oe | ^,d. o, lho wo o ,o e -,;. ...

group fighting for the new purism cnd func , -slrucivisi ideo ogy in orchiieclure.It is tomorrow s duty io gother ond unile i-::= -Here is whol Germony intended wLtert it se' -: -'toto.o,a "',L('ia,t e,,nib iot o . o,, ^ :'Sfut'fgort. kept on soying thot lomorrow s r-- -moves iowords induslrlolizoiion. The mochi-= , -produce heothier, more comfortobe, che::=',":ooh L o-ed oro oy lo ror^ oeo. ;f :

Io.^ ssred o^ -"rooA ri.- dir orol e -

wil ever slop modern mcrchine from lts r.t---quer life.Ihe Werkbund exhibiiion is ikelv to be c b-:--.of lnduslric izotion in the recrlm of buildinchorizon ond iomorrow's direclion in orJFi'=:-, -open.ll wll meosure the exlent of mechonizolior ,:mon s privcle ife.This timely exhibition wi bring together s. r - --t\r 6 o6 9 e e-^' -\ ol lvoi od o- 9 .-:)e) ^ or u'o. | 't^d ir

Io, ro e: '^odu o be ;iron, wood, or osbesios. We shouid prc:- -:*oL^oono ioo. Ce.ror y -.ippo.:p l-L ewo'o5r. a5\ol ro l.4e,o ceLoi-o^ o\reoo\leJoraol 5 l ,o 19 pe.o o y MILS VA\ DrR DCI r -minenl represenlotive of the oiesl moderr s :-- -As col/oborctor of the G oroup ond sec:-: : .of the Germcn WerkbunJ he'monoqec -- -porircipotlon of the ecding personcliiie. _io rchileclure.The Stuttgort exhibition wi no onger con-c -commercioi stolls for onyone to disp oy ..

Morce oncu. Ccnslruclie,

)q25Morce lonco, Corstrlcliof ,

1925

,- trToun, Schneck, ts. loul, /V\. Loul elc elc.

Scnfimporctnul, nr.72, ionucre )927 97

i[n{nifecfuro- = -: oil si lndiferenll irdim noi in oro5e impro-

: -l oocrie scdpc octuoliloiecr covetrgiioore codevo, rouo.

, r- oi ce cresc o puiem cu preciziune urmd

-':-:e lor mcrlerioLe.

, :nr s o urnil moi muli decct in lO decenii

- ::iir osezoreo cunocrgterii orhllecionice in: - - - ::st necesore erezille ecleclice, neogoti-

- , :tmpozil, looie fontezlile oportun sie,

- - ,.::ession, neoclostc, co sd pricepem nouo

-: : r, .sezot dincolo de "estellco puro' de

--,: ctiistico-culturo o, dlncoLo de lronz Jio

. r' oloLZe e irc eplt"r''o': r:' :e novotoore ou depc ozjtol crrhrtecturo:

- - : letn ol v efii core insplro in genero orlo

. ::' :xpres uneo sociold si orhileclurii- ': -odernd ore obdrsicr form-^i sc e in solls

: , :" t c o cerinlelor de conforl, economie si

,:. Nczuintele esletice o e omuLui nou se

. - -:zuLiole e desdvdrslte crle Tecnicel $l se

- ::- ^n formo lrenului, outomobile oT, o trons

_ I q.Jrei no t.-= ;cce numoi dln coordonoreo eforturilor

- r : riio vc limpezi obiectu orhltecion jc cdire

- =:'vd si universc c. Colecr esle deschiso

- :: moderne il puiem u morl ln succeslu

- r:e neintrerupld de monifesio I de orh tec

- '-' cnl.

-' : crlelor decorc,ttive de Lo Poris o pus pro'. - -:: o incepuiurilor Desigur' cltfel decot pe

-:-entoliei se puieo experlmenlo gondul v tl

' r ^o' gordi r i^ror-r. 6e 16'61; 6'o- r-,--or onul trJcut evenimenlul expozifiei de

. . ='- mci bun-i crrhltecli iineri din Europo'- - ':-ricd de iolocne. orienlore lechnlco si esl

:'- : dotc reiese clordr si ototcuprinzdtoore- :---iriorului istei: o Lul Le Corbusier

' : -eo a- \'az.). D'pozl'a de o o^ 'e 'i. = :=:rhlieclurd nouc din Vo sovic unde o pre-

. -:rducereo dei pur ste rusesti cu oce gust

- : '. 6 oto 'r ot,(o oso ,o Qorol I bo'. : - :nuL ocesio irebue so noidm cu sotislocfie

r r: orhilecturo nouo din Brno. Un mdnunchl-: ,:- vo orhitecli lineri cehoslovoci ou reusit scr

. -.,: oceosld mlnune ce este expozifio vecini

= : 'noi frumoose cildm cose e lul Bohoslov'::onek .lcroslov Grunt, Prof J Kroho, H.'. 'oslov Putno.

- -:te credinlo 9r socrificii e necesore infoptui

WOniS; On lne COIllrOrY, '; - -nisr etro ls or ,"o'L L a :

(lo"o o) Cobt ^ ) : i

Be ers Do l- Crop -:Rohe, Poelzrg, Roding, Sc-:-- --Tcul, etc., etc.

Co, tirpoo '.. .- : - :

Asohilealutelso oted ond coreless os we ve n our mproviseo

cilies, we connol fol lo notlce the overwhelmrng pre-

senlness of the truly new orchlleclure.We con c eorly see ihe triumph of the developing

ideos ln their molericl outcomes.

During the lost len yeors the whole bosls of crchitec-

turcl knowledge in Europe wos sel to move more

rcoldlv lhon in"ihe previous ien decodes. AIL sorts of

"rl"rii, neo'qolhic, composile baroque heresies, o I

L , d o' [-ir"^1, to^to" e. :JC' os jLqerd' I :ece:tot 1ea'cla.5;-o 5jlc, hoo o ^opoel lor L' 'o be'

ier oroso the new lesson.

ThJou des fo the new sforl were lhose who set them-

se ue"s beyond "pure c:esthefic's", c borren cu luro ond

c 1,.-. ro r o o b-yo d oo.oele tlol Io^The lnnovclrng orts hove dlsinfested orchiiecture; ihe

modern foce of lrfe generolLy nsp ring the new orl suc-

ceeded in rendering o socioL e:press on lo orch jleciu

te.Modern orch ieclure grew oui of the new economlc,

or{o' o, o ^yq er tr eqJ.'e^ ear). New rol oesrr eii,o proior, or b"ide-.Ied ^rhee.oLi leo' r'

comes of Technique, FREETY EXPRESSFD in the overoll

shope of ihe lroin, cctr, oceon liner, os well os n ony

mochine.l^a'ttrw ''ve o^ be o, o-np'.sl.'d or r, o/ ,oo'dror I q '^e oiv o' o' e' o''s. At- ,v l re6t

7 g -e lf a

crchlieciurol obiect towcrds on un versol ond ob!ecti-

"e lo'r 'r e woy 1'e- 1a lo 63o'We con fo low the progress of the modern ldeo ln th-^

o most unbroken succ6ssion of orchllecturoJ events

over ihe lost few yeors.I The exhlbrtion of decorotive crl n Poris could only

ri e lnis o ob or ir'o v. S rely he i'e y '6 , i^9 o[

ror'o.o ,--.t, -\or .' 'd o 'ho-gh T, Pa.co oV leo, lv

could hove been betler tesied thon by wcy of ornct

mentolion.2 lost veor we cnnounced oboui ihe orchiieclurocze r o,ro oreo by trp $'11lg6t o ^btor '^ol d'

oo/eo Ir e wo rs or 'ne be. Tolrg s ' \1c 15 ir

F,,,oo". A oower[ul work thoi sei irue londmorks: the

ret nn, -o' ond oo'1, or; gl q ^ ;91 .

For rhe frrst time, though, ihe work of ihct clever guide,

[e Corbusier,.ot" oiri cleorly ond comprehensivey

3. Then we witnessed lhe new orchrteclure proieci

ond model exhibiiion in Worsow, where ihol Russion

ourisl ldeo wiih lts f ovour of proleior on foctory' troce-

obl",n "o.h

ciiy house or urbon po oce unmlstolobLy

225

[ij oceslor monifeslori ne.L-.sc,r:e poncr in zi elenooslre in orhitecturc vo lnre ege cd e vorbo de o

odevorclo rencgiere ortisticc eL-ropecnd.

Conlimporc:nul, nr.78, icnuorie, )929 p.39

Le GorbvsiesLe Corbusrer esle creotorul, fouritorul core o sliul

trocre consec ntele loole ccrri derivdj din rolluneo orlenoJl. Din hoosul exoerimenie ot conslructive e o dis

ti ot gerndireo rece o formulci s reo lzot fundcmentul,poote chror esenlo el

Pe cond revo uiionori qetmonl in f runle cu Gropir-ls se

chinuicru so deslcrinuioscd ]umil o orhileciurdr nouo

ccre incerco infoliscrrec functiune in plon si fele, ocrhitecturd exprimcrnd in loiu coniinulu, o9c'incdt ne

dc cose s{erice sou incoper cu un plon serpurtor [eCorbusier pubLico in Esprit Nouvecu, ndicond dru

mul rollono ismu ul construci v p e onlzcnd odoptorecr tololo lo technicc s econom o limpuLui prin slon-

ooroizore p ,dl '-iot zo e ,i ooie 'iro oo fo reln timp ce I P Cud sub tutelo omerlconizonlo o ur

Wrlght proeclo cose cori erou odevdrole scu piuri

incorcote si neconslrucllve, Le Corbusier executoccso Jui Czenfont in rue Reil e o Porrs cu ocel sedpesle ole ieru pictorului co unicd podoobo Frcr

oTimoto5oo^ o."t o'eA1p-no(. b oo I AI

lo,o "'

o1o oo, o ^oool.i'^Co'b.,".Vc oorec lui Le Corbusler constd'inoinle de looie in o

fi dot violcr sforfdri or neldmurile, in o fi formu ol cu ooq ccr lucjdo esenlo estetlcei moderne in roporl cu o

lo].i,-,o. A-o'izor d r^.o|tr r'bo,;.'e 't d ,-o^ i

economio noostrd, o creiol exemp u felu ul modern

de iroi, orgonizond pe boze nol i pu cosei de moine:

Co. e t-"o^ r"'r' .o po e ^l^ 6^ 6o ^ o omul etoi, jor lc o 2 eo cee de locuil esind spre lerose cor ocupct si inve toorec cosei, recuperond osiferpo ' lq od ror p." d la 1s 6 oa 1gle Cor5usler este oce o coTe ne c convins pr n inio

simplltolil impersoncrle, rndustrio e, de cele ce vo

deveni orhitecturo vittoore. Pe urmele cercetdri or sole

ucide o pdgil intrecAo Europo de lo modernismul

decorotrv'neo-pLosticiln s pono lo borocul :ponioldin zi in zi spre linio vlobi o utilitara si lr umooso o ui

Corbusler.Le Corbusier esie un profet.

Confimporanuf nr.8O, mortre 1929 p 3

Athilealur.lr socill,rdDoieJe reformei orhitecturii sunl insdsi ospecle e viet i

soclo e. Timpu exiremei corslrongeri sl o lroctionc l-

zdrii se ogl ndegte'in noile principii Muncitoril intelec-

tuoli sl monuoli troiesc socr lrcrul indrviduLu pentru

totolltcrte.Moginc rldicoto de forlo de diviniicte prin legeo efor-

tulul minim foce din cosc vrilorului "mcsino de ocu!l' .

orevoi ed.4 Finolly, we ore delighted to remork --=

teciure exhibliion in Brno this yeor. A hc'-wi ed young CzechosJovck orchilecls . -,.e, i"9 p ,- .ro'v^ o, \ ' q. o, F :

lionWe'd li[e lo mention some hondsom€ - - , :g 'q -o Bor o ov l- r' ^- St"poreL ,o o ,

I Kioho, ll Foltyn ond Miroslcv Putnc

He who be ieves in ihe omount of sc:- ,-I O 5tpoor 5L,h no1 ec-o ol, II

L ^ O -O a,,' eioi^,/ , -Oe O

Europeon ortisiic revivo is ot sloke.

Co ,,rpo'on,t lo. 78 Jo .

Le Cotbusiet-eCOb,.e *rra-'ro5'6't- TO e ct.drew on ihe effects deriving from the re:: - -

ort Cut of the chootic buildlng expe'^-:-ob e to extroct lhoi type of cold think'-: -ted ond crchieved lts bosis, moybe ils -':::- :While the Germon revo utioncr es hec::: -

tuere wolN To , o'd o re.60 ^e ^ '

teclure lo th"e world, ihot kind of :-- -oltempied lo represent lhe function ir : :-ljons, on orchiteciure lhcl expresseo :

hensively, therefore resulling in spher c: -

d.q oor leCob' o'pr [t .l o6.\or-r oo;ho* ng 1l o L e, l,o o

rolrn propo rq I a o-o sl; 'l'r^'or o ^.or o rly o1 or o9e by . oro -

iriollzollon, cnd form obiectlficotionWhi e J P.Cud, in on Amerjcon ike ^-.

Wright's tute oge, wos drowing ho--:-stotues, locking ony conslruclive cr:':busier executed Czenfont s house in i-=who.se onLv ornoment wos its shed ob- . =

slL;dio. lt wos the firsl house to .--:express Le Corbusier's robusl r:nc , -

direclionLe Corbusier s vo ue ies essentic r,'

o'-q ror-h o l-e t " gospobl" :,n, .i to'u ne e '^ c' or-, odothe dwelling. By tuning the urbon crc 'to our economy he hos sel lhe exc-:.rode n ruoy o{ r'r ' g o-d o'oo, . ec^q 01 tew P ltp'c l^L6r :'

'oo.s o, h" g'or^o '.o61 tl-' [^a'oo oro o'trjo rpp^ lool lP . :

onto terroces, iopping lhe house; th,: -=Ior IAQ^^'spoo t^oi .oo'ed :

'o Jgl 't ^ irpet-o ol. t d . oLo pL -odeo ,. ro ' o er r./ o[6rq 1 ile ' ro 5 ,ir el, 'o oo. ol"ofrom lhe modernisi decorolive ne.':Spor ',. ooroq r^ '"olil , ro"o -o.eo. h o^o .^ e .^d 'o .o to b

rrnl nlei indrviduole si o "efortului m nim-::rd azt nouo eslelicd.

, :'rilecluro lusese orlc folcde or, o polole-, : roi mult festivo deccl utilo. Renoslereo- :- din orhiiecluro o cdevdrolo orto groficd,r .rm nu mcri fusese niciodcic si sJpremo

r - re o orno, de o impodobi, ucisese sfruclu-:ceslei morr orte. De 2 secole s-o incercot

=:: roreo ocestei orhitecluri de f orice e s-O O OL Ol OOr O tn Z €re noo\T,e ondd c durol pono in zi ele noosire cdndvletii o modificot slructuro insosr o simtrrii

crtisilc crl generoliei lrnere o reodus efor:-:nic spre obcrrsie: Suprofete, VoJum

S pof ru:dntecu qeomeiriei nu o slcpon l moi

senslbil minunecr-;nif c simt reo omu ui

^u so inlrebuinlol mol,' pure.

splendooreo nuditotii unui plon n o fosl

=ri intrebuinlold.vom puleo ofirmo cd orhilecluro conlrmmoi pocle fr decot onli-decorolivo.

ei rezidc: in iocul de roporluri si voiume simdrime si bogolie decorotivd

-ezidc in geomelrie, ce tinde spre o con- coie, ior .inie

epcrunec ei in modeslio sr

r'iocso o mclerio ului.

Contintporonul nr 93 95, I 930, p 1O

l|ur-trLrrisnt|r I noslruI .,' esinu ortei crr fi cuprins umeo looto,-- -elii n or fi ucrs irisfeleo.

reqretelor, lomento6iilor. melqncoliei* -::^odeidei, opiimismul ei prezentul vie6ii

- er ar 'a ,i OilO tr'. | . O. -O Ot gO .a.O:o't o,'io rpo'ooi o.i qa"^ooo

-::^ FoSi \^o,l omj mooe,nt-'- - .nul c ogezoi in Jocul de frunie curogiu s

.lodLIo ii ,ce-e..' :rul - oa\roo o o oir oiol o-e-' | | 7e?

: :ocut din crrld ccf iune un nerv nou, un sfi-. ari.

'."- ' :inul ezvdlue vo ocrrec creoliei, o ineditu ui, c'p a5 e 'loLo t'l o o.

. - :-ul ri-o oo oc r orlo o,ep oo izo . e:': ;dnd rdspundereo fericrrei umone.

't.-- - :rul nostru qre ospecte proprii. Nor n om. - :rifeste fiindcd nu se cliesc-- r',/ut uple de strodc fiindcc tooldr lumec e

:ius poezic in strodo flindco trdim un ritm

, ,lsird n o depcgif vreodolo ironio si subver

-:r permis luxu exubercntei, ol lempe

rion cnd beouilfu lineLe Corbusier is o prophei

Cont,rnporct". - -

Social Architeclvre,, or .h're ' e 'o doc ..

soclol life itself. The time of exi.e-e ''-:'-t -' .-. .sron reflecis itself in the new pi . _ C ::. : --: :_._lot d ro LCrl *oio'rd;, o .ol lor r^^ o e. I r-.'le -ro'tla ''o'tF' qoo or -l o ^-1gL o-L

"lo:eol -l ot, i.-o ,o . o . .

lodoy ."^ oa -Ttrr d^.^ op r, oa .aa . q o ^ .,

r 6 elr6 t' Or O O.riO O] ,TO ete .

Cnce crchriecture wos the ori of fcrccdes. ol oc oc_e.which were more feslive ihcn uselu . The Rencisscrnceeven lurned crrchilecture inio o iruly grcrphic cnd decorolive ort which it hod never been befoie thus Lrllinq itsvery nolure of this o* ihrough on ordeni zeol lo od-ornond decorote. Cver lhe ost 2 cenlures lhere weresevero oilempts lo repecrt this sort of f owery crchileclure; lhe crisis losled unlil now when the mechonism ofife oliered lhe sfruclure of c,ur senses.

The ortisiic oplimism of the younger generotion hos tiedthe orch tectonic efforl bock lo is roois. Surfoce,\o ,r ^ More oro Spo ^The me ody of geomelry hos never ever coughi mon's'o^lir o, ooaeoyo dgorior yNever hos lhe enchonlmenl of pure mcterio s beenused so sensitvey.There hos never been such on oworeness os lo lhe useof the dozzling nokedness of o p crn.

To sum up. we moinlc n thcrl coniemporory crchiieclurecan on y be cnii decorotive. ll owes its beouly only ioihe interp oy of vo umes crnd re oirons ond by no meonsodecoo .oro9'1.,o^o o "'te.-owa rt," oIo qo6.orlI'toi tFt o'o inpl.while to p oo'ol il. nisdo li-. ir ' I ooa I o.d l-,, d, erp o .ior o ,, T cr'er,ol.

Conlintporanul , no 93-95, 1930, p. IO

Our own JulvrismAfter Ruskin, the ethorgy of ort would hove overwhemed the enlrre word if it hodn t been for Morinelll icr

end lh s oqony-p o :o': o regrets, loments, despondency, ond.despoir' e oopo'-o ,l ^ optimism ond presenthess ofItvtng 'h' .reo-;1q'r Jr' o rr th j.^ 1a^' ^. .-t ot

lhe revolulionory squcd'on storted the noble ond generous boit e thot freed modern mcn's fee ings ond verb.Futurism hos sel cr greot store on lhe couioge ond theundenicb e right of the young oge.Futurism hcs chosed crrl owoy from librorles ond museums. Fulursm hcs urqed ori rnto octlon, o true incentive for life

227

romenlelor lrbere, cl sincei,i- oe-i-L o nu ne perdetin ulo.Noi n-cm dot frOu liber revo iei iilnccc suntem cresculi'o .. oo,o ^p . o.

)lor n 9m profesct deschis iubrreo verbu ui, iubireclO ^l^ |

' d. d e ., tor' O id^q,O 1esri ^1, leo.Noi n om cunoscul br.uiio ,.t",'"i' .u., ,Jn]",,,'incon jurofi mereu de oceeosi odmirolie ,mutd,.Noi nu ne odorom idolii f rndco suni odoroir i du loti6]c1r6 16 i ,6rr..

Noi nu focem nici o profesiune de credintd fiindcofugim de ridicol ' Lo noi e"rusinos ,a.i".i ."uu.otitudine intectuold Totus futurismrl o fori-r.oo u'oCt(rrO -l .e.o on r Cl' .r p re-e OA ,irbo' , oloo,^ovonlgdrzile. Lo isvorul ideilor sole cm crescul. o,nolelli elonul noslruFuturismul creotor, opiimisl, iconoclosl esle fulurismulnoslrrl

Foclo, nr 35B din 19 moi 1930, p 4

Scfieoare lcdtre G.M.GantacuzinolStimoie Dle Ccnlccuzino,

Do. o o, I o:o . .o .. r';6g.o6 d o'^ o ,or co,o o, ,o .n .o-evo r ,o pr r s., ^ e, o. t po.o, . t.l1l"c l1O ,i r n O,e q'OOO O c\O'_Or O,r te, Cl Ono . Lovoleril schiopi cru sosil drn loote colturile loproznrcu p otitului Sou cosiumoi'ponuri, si folode5orobondo 'goclo' e in rul peniru odorolio viteluluide our.lolusi n o precedol nici o evolutie, nici o revolld n osquoutl lemel re vechi.Ciro o o,opo;oor ri1ao. lr par'. rreorzorao .roJO

^) o o ? C -- '^ a) o,'co roo,, o ,.5o .\ooto1. o.,o ^o o r .ep, . o ;o pcl.rA o eror | -rodo.. ?( r'"t oJ d^re, ,d r 'o doro r gs r^i e' . ,b.,te oe er.odevdrcte idecluri de frumusete, un f" J" L.r,icomune chior ? Cine o convins oulorildlile sorenunte o renlo ce le-o ofereo lrodilio si * ol."rrt".h'o' .o e o ro,o ./a,7aoaF .o T \6 l)o r- oo e o,e ^Cr ^.ptalt,a. Ttro5.aproo n6\ood- odcro'o - lo er, ^/c -or-o, , , o,^ ^cor ot e ?Crn" s ylql11 minleo crtolor moeslri core qirseou elonu cTeot/er numoi si nLrmoi in prolul rucinii ol ',siiiuluinoiionol 2

Scr fie o pulere subconstienld core o neiezil disonontele st core o lndreplol oieniro sj oproboreo uncrr'rO O-'o ^'tot Fr |l 619 6o O.p,rOl O, O -p, ,OLOformu old in.'A murit cubismul? '

Cesoinlompct?Nimie Des gur co nimrc din locrle osleo. Comertul cude le r ode ro O r o\. ,, ,o . O; p. . I,or oO.i' l'''o,Oo lr"d.d .rrrr ',6io j, po ^, ,e oc -"-rodo ,.ole din cinemologrofe sou ouiomole.

Futurism shows the volue of creolion ond ,-= ,olr noveliy, sensction ond expression ."nto -=anew orl.Futurism promoles orl os o guide for life wf =

.-_o_ J^r^\ fitr'o por b'V,o ] -o, nooo nOur Futurism hqs its o*n" feqtur; _

6r !;ra-6 o,\ \o ol -no^ es,o. .:r,e ,-r ecdWe lor-"-loct o., .'r6'c-rjgJ- oe. or o -o modernisl over hereWo]-ove' bo-,gl -ootrr yoow,,, t^ (o. r t y'h" ol e i. ,lo ne-.Cur opposilion hos never oone beyond lrc- .

v6l) On.

Welou- ra re- i1o, oged o , ot1 p ,r tr,.: :ol ,hO e r1a .,oi, -d '^-npe oro ,. ,OIen Ou",-,, IO -€Or \n 6.f'q, r,O a O,J OO ,W^ ho,^,ao(r^o o, . ,a;, lo. s,se np ..led ol o skeptrco schoolWe I o,er i o'€ 1.) po.e, o '1 61 o ls .b^.o. ^ t . o :L o.'t^ to . or a) vo I ie_W^ lo.^, , -or-ed .r^

io1 oto,, \ to , : .:

orP \-re^cl .o v .rort dao or'no. .toomllol onWe 1^,^1 wor r p o ,J roooe., oaco , ohio' ihem tooWe 16ro o p.o a, ,oT ot ro',t b-Co s .

ridicule We o e o"to.r.o' i"';"'OJr^ al^r,€'Lo O po i,or Lowo,e, ,

lool. rt suTbo .o e-trre zeo d.e., -

oth^ o o^ 9o d- We t oue ed o.i o qler^d o,, e 11, .o\,^Curs is o creciive, optimisiic, iconoclosric :-,

Foclo , no.35B, Moy , -

A lelter lto G.M.Cantacvzinol

Decr Mr. Ccntocuzino,

Hod I onswered your eller c few mon,". ::onswer wou d hove been o unpcrdonca - .Meonwhi e, our crchileclure evoved ci, r r _

f or o-o'ror d . op,edl.,g"r,o1-, , .

l oblp bcrr qr-ei f o. ooe . o, d p olo ' Lo' r. lne ro' eo' orooolc _-

o(loreo i io^o(t 9 |ogocla. o5 il] 'l er" a6 , 6 o1611 ;e, ir crt oll _

'eteol^ord otrdo,on.WLo o ecr rao -h^ , 6\4 oa\-r e-, o.h'n?low ore'r o.rho,looie or ; -'-d le n OOA,' ar r . iosm?to,v, on e 'ngr ,o '-,6o, e ,a', - , -t-r-e doo s o boo tv o.^.r gl - -.-iWro po ooed I o o, rho.ir e o gi. :

'rOd,r;or oro oC, ^p rno_tr i o , e ..o d o' e. wL6 ,6€,'u612

- li e ,r^"oe, lod er. oive por,^. :

. st' dif 'Vogue" sou ' Femrnc nlerorul de-- - 'Fiumo se cdsdloresle' potroneozd, orien-. - . -spird orlo noud de lcr noi.

:r- succes ol "cublsmului" oplicot in orhiteciuro,le rJplom de I2 cni 1o

i'Conlimporonui or

I re lorm <

- r: usor so bogcte izdm un gOnd, o pornire- = excepfii voi vorbi oltodotO..l .] I Art L,FZ r-,T vOOO eO i6ol9. pgp rq i

- ..'. ^u moi posedd nic o viru/enlo, devin sierpe.- .: ,- a 6 gr!g; ,6: ,.Oe vO,o.ite .,. i,ttO:-= erori]e sunl groso one si oci, moi mull co

-= :xisld numoi bun sou rdu. Arto odevdrofo--', = :zi explocleozo moierio ul modern, suni: :Jtrundo lniregu lonl de evolulie Sd cuno

; oor dt co lc, o os . o poro ,6 6"1i.ge y,6' _ tl_s orienloreo noud in loole orle]e.

r^ .O OilO LcO OdtrvO.O O r, i pO:iOi O. - : scip ind. Artc nu rdmone un fenomen lndi- ' -3i de personcl e oriistul Eforturile n-ou vcr. -::i nu sunt subordonole si insumote.

-,- ne siludm, dor'incredereo meo se indre-:-: qenerotlo de moine core no fdcui ccrcr

- -= :i de ozi..-':e

] J -_. ANCU

' -::'c:nul, nr 99, septembrie l93 l p 6/12/

ilu*ilecluta, - ::ernd este numci ospeclu unei nol orqonizo-

- :': rlerioord in sirdnsd iegoturo cu urbonismu .

: coordoncreo volori or exierioore si inle. '' ros or'o 'rr'eo i p ooloro o orl iec,u i

- -,ler-nd nu mol ore deci fciode. Aceosto din: subordonold funciiunii, tolor^r'e ozi r.i ocr, ole (e o -roi reolse.

ob-.l oo^o lo 'lslic ro'-o de, Lrgo'ro

- c soiuiionol gruporile de locuinie din meresdndloose prinir-o supro concentrore o

odlust io comforl ond economtc -::sed it?Wl o. rcr,red i e ,p o-., .. - :..o' y errnus^ ova" l-e rt^\ o. :,siheeo,'ll'o't..o,s'o,.o, : : - :to^ ord cl or, e od lro , .ro- - .. I -

"er | -owo d' 'l o' org oeoo eo : --.

wos put in.''os , L-b r po:sed owor?Whot hoppened?

'.rdernd se coroclerizeozd prin reducereo::-eo creerii unui cdi moi mcre si moi uminos

'inde spre imobil

e-o situol in miilocu unor porcuri inf orife,ce cceeosi suprofold un numdr mox m de

., cor 'o' ioec hiqie-i,.:-o o'"ro'lo o sc lie urt de v'oo oli, io;lo-e.,i e o dovodd cd trmpu sl c fourii singur sco-eciii soi.

-- inseomnd lo modo, lo modo putond fi si-:^ odo.n: paIe oe po orie.

' , det,hdo 3rp ro -oi bre -rol^ o-:rroieozd desenu de p onselo. schemciic.

' o, 1J p s-€\5la 1 6 ,- 1,igr bogolie .

. o o u r'o r-'.odeuo'-to o oblio so o

Nothing Cf course, noihing of this kind. Wi.r _:--ccircfor modern ideos wcs born bv frcud.By lrcud indeed lust the woy siik stockings cre being

lmporied By lrcrud since lhey ore slolen lrom loshiono

DIE ^ AqaT' e5 '-On ( rero. O Oj.O't O OT5.The "Vogue' or 'Femino' 'cubist" style. The cordboordinle or from 'Fiumo ls gellrng morried' governs, direcls,Ol O rso e5 en, or' '1 61 - r6yrllys lhere cny reoson for us lo boosl with this kind ofcubism succes#ully cpp ied in orchileclure, we whohove been lightlng lor I 2 yeors ot 'Coniimporonul'?It s so eosy to minimize someone s lhouqht ond pureimpeius. We sholl write obout e^cepiioni some otherlime.We hove no longer lrusted ihose ideos lhot were modepopu o , Qgcgyse they hove been stripped off iheir viru-lence crnd eft borrenWithin the word of new ort, where lhe vo ues hoven ibeen clossified yet, ihere ore olso qross misiokes moreihcn crnywhere else ond ihinqs ore seen on y rn b ockor white. True crl or nothino ci ollThose who toke odvontole of the modern moteriolshou d olso underslond its evoluflon. Thev should Lnowlhe enlire thought thci led to the new direction in everyori, lrom pointinc io crrchrtecture.Let s remember thct true orl needs o discip ined fromework. Ari is never on iso oted, individucrl pheno-menon, no moiter how excepliono ihe crlist mioht belso oted efforts beor no volue ot oll un ess ihey ole ,rbo d.orod o-o s--n-eo i p.1 don t reoliy I'now where we stond, but I do trust thenexl generotion thot hosn't performed ony sorl of ropedo ncing.

Yours,MARCEL iANCU

Contimporanul,no.99, September 193 1, p 6 /12/.

ArchileclureThe modern house is iust one focet of the new inieriorlile o.go ,,o'ior- ienlS ^rer-w,reo w L troor is^r.The essence of the whole new crchilectu,o problemies in ihe bcionce ond coordinoiion of erlerior ond lnterior volues.Mode r loL-.e no"'r lgol o -o.ooe or y o^qer. -l s 16

", ho: been s.,lbo diro-eo ro lrncl.onTodoy s orchilecture mokes use of quite lrmjied meons:

229

Morce oncu, lino eum, 1924Morce Jcnco, Lino eum, l92zl

loscd vrolo reduso .in forne e cc'ocpe cscete de ozi

Oricine ore voe sc focc orr ieciurd roud.

Conttmporr:nul nr lOO, )931 p 2

Utbanism nu tomlrnlismTimpul nosiru e chemol co niciunul so inteleogo, dormoi oles, sd reolizeze, refocereo din ieme ie c forme or noi de violcr Vechi e tipore nu moi incop in forfoteo o si crdereo intensd o vielil ociuc e. Sumedeniode cerinfe g nevor urgenle, riimu funcfiunior voriotesociole, in fine, sdnoloteo pub rcd 9i economio cucerut imperios nosiereo unui oborclor cnume de slu-

dli orcrsenesli, penlru o moi bund, moi sonitord, moconfortobllo o cdturre in cresiereo si intinderec oroge-or. Urbonismul. Acecsld noud orld, coordoneczo,studiozo si ormonrzeozo elementele de construcfie inmosse, core pono eri cresieou o voio intdmp drilor,orgonic 9i dezordonol si core nu se moi pol inlolurosi odero struclurii moderne.Nici odoio congtiinlo omeneoscd nu s o incumelot sopriveoscd problemcr vcstc de spofiu 9i timp o ncrsterii,

cresterii si morlii oroge or, sub ototeo ospecte utilitcresou estetice, economlce sou socic e, de confort soude iehnico, igienice sou de circu oiie eic. eic.Cunooglem inceputuri surprinzdloore de un urbonismin seco ului o XV L-ieo froncez si unele frociiuni de cerceldri mci vechi, dor loiul se rezumc lo incercdri de cr

mprlrro plonu ui un formolrsm oproope decoroliv 5

insuficleni juslif cot de crnsomblul vietii de core esleozi egci urbonlsmu. Ero primul impu s de o cunooste formele nesldpdnite ole creslerii orgonizole, supropuse, o e sinuozrtdlilor romonf ocse de ev mediu.Nu se c ddegie un oros inir-un on, nu se ridicd un orospentru o singuro generofie. Viclc se consumd repedein gocno senzolri or vio enle si nervoose.Fofo de ne'incelole cerinfe si prob eme socicle ce seridicc zi de zi, urbonismul obio incepe scr-si indepli-neoscd chemoreo.Cricoi de revo]ullonore se por ozi incd orentoriLeobeo prevdzuie cdtre core se indreoptd desiinulsociol, orhiteciu este chemol sd deo pietrei 'infe esulce se despr nde dln vioto noud, cdci urbonismu eslemoi degrobd fouriloru viiloru ui decoi o prezeniu ui.

Urbonismu s-o ndscul in limpu noslru 9i incepe in primul rond cu oroge e grodini ole Ang ieiAdevcrclele minuni de peiscglu ortificic dcr romoniic, ou ovul doru sd imbogoteosco orose e cu pcrcuri 9i grcdini schlmbond ospeclul sumbru ol cenlrelorindusirio e si descongeslloncrnd impreiurimile triste c emetropole or 'inegrile de fumu munc i prin sinuozltdli-le si oeru grodini or.Apoi Germcnic o creot, intr-un sptril sdroc 9i cu ia entredus, orose e muncitoresil, core ou trecut prin nenumdrote crize orl sllce pono c scheme soiesti lipsitede orice voloore.Americcr o ridrcct co pr n mrnune dintr-un on pe c lu ,

ordsele inireg , cortiere munciloresii p ine de formecul

ihe unsophisiicoted, olmosl ruslic moter: ,

thot kind of form thct resu ls from utilii.y

Corbusier s so ution lo the unheo lhy me.-':super condense dwellings; however, he : - .inside blooming porks, ond so, on lhe sc-= ,

crecrted c mcximum number of house: ='ideol corio-obe ord lygi"r .po,The new siyle wos born ond there wcs - - -

sonolil.y lo boplize iills viciory shows how time itself hos worie: -

-

iis own school ond orchitects.Modern furniture is lol ored on o smol er::r:o orger ond brighter spoce. i is moslv -:,To be modern hos noihing io do with ios. --quite o dJoshioned ccn slcnd os foshionr: -ce, the feoihers to o hotWclls without openings show the moteric : .

wi never encouroge the schemctlc d-:.. .design.Modern comforl poys no iribute lo wec -'Those who wonl o new dwelling shou c :,---on o smoller sco e, coser to the olmost c.:=--todoy s ifeWhoever wonts lo proclice new crchile:'--=oll rlght

Conlimporanul , no. l ,l l

Urbanism., by no meolns|o''/l.,nftctsmOur crge is cc ed upon to undersloncl :- r - :

lo slort from lhe scrotch cnd buid ne,.', t --

The o d pofierns connol fil inlo the iurn' ,-combusiion of present ife ony longer -=demonds cnd pressing needs, ihe rhi''-^- .

socio funclions, crnd flnc y, pub ic hec '^ -my, imperoiivey co ed for o oborolc.. --

belter, heo thier, more comforiob e shcc: --opmenl ond oy-oul. Urbcnism. This --.' -

notes, sludies, ond hormonious y oggre r r : :of mcss consiruction thot used to deve :: -rolher chooiico y, ond which con ne ih:- : = .nor fitted inlo modern slruciure.Humon conscience hos never dored to t:,-le up lhe vosi spoce ond time probe- -' '

growth, cnd decih, under so monifold ::-=to uiiliiy, oeslhelics, economy, io soc I :i :comfori cnd technicol stondord, hyoie-= -'elc.We do know some remorkcble cttemp': - - -French urbonism cnd even some o ce- : -

reseorch. However, they on y rmpresse: : -plon on olmosl decorolive formolism, bc':by ihe overol ospecls of todoy's ife i.:' ,-oclerize urbon plonning. This wos lhe : --

- --conirol the unpredictoble, overopp:: i--ond meondering forms of lhe Medrevc :--Yor o-lre re olido, -y' r o/eo

-.12a in noile centre induslriole orcrse intregi: Ce hcbitoiiune cu lolu nedncerccie incd,: .d oducd servicii idei or noi sociole

' r:, ie de comunism. Experienie e urbon slice;-: deosebitd pentru coezjuneo indoitc de

, ,- imediole o violo Si economlo revdzuld.. - Fronio, cu finuluri e devostote, cu soie si- -,adiie .in pripo, forcr so se lie oproope, :: exper enlo siiinlifico 9r crlisticd o urboni

, :, fdcui olerteo de otdteo ori criticole.: ,rbonismu doloregle ui Perret (l), Corbusier::"il lronceze ldeeo orose or iurnuri, core

- --.un mod deosebit de ingenios toote pro. - '::hrlcei, higienei, circu of!ei, confortului si

- crosu modern. Turnuri infipie o disionte

= , ,-l m, ogezole in pcrcuri inflorite se ridicc in, ='o e, cuprlnzdnd toote forme e confortului,

. : ---'r birouri, olie peniru instilutruni si o te e

-, rie. Legcle prrn cuiosirode si trenuri vo cn:' -:r'lrole si ceroporturi in mijlocu or, ne per-

- ,-e odevdrotd o vriloru ui opropioi. C pop-- -:i densd decdtin cee mor lrisie focore de- : : croselor de czl, vo putec con ocui moi- -

-r porcur cu soore si oer cu sport si higie

- :gi si invdfomrnle se desprind czi din studl- , ' in lot ocul. Exisld numoi grode de dez

: : le concentrore cr oculnfelor. Congrese e' -- roderni, core se ocupd inointe de loote

. : - .r sunl de ocord o genero izo exper ente-

. -.- oin dlferite Iori cdcr 'inlelegerec profetico' - ie desfosooro ozi s cuprindereo intregu ui

,: - ro ol epocil suni odevdrote e dote ole: - sitce.::-^siui spirii umon sl civilizoior se inceorcd,-oonism regionol, colorot si romontios Un::o si neurbon. Bucuresti grodino L

'.'echi e forme cu senlimenl si devoltune cu

- :- . esc osemeneo ominiiri o e lreculu ui, dor. =-z irl romontice nu suni ole oce ui lrecut ci,. -: vrofo si spiriul timpuri or core ou doi nos-

- ,' .lrbe se exprimou rece si orgonrc in opero,' ,.,echl fouritor ol oce or monumenle nu ero

)-o1-o co re spa( oor T r' ooo ,

- zcdcr bocetele romoniote peste trcrdifle,, --- nfe. Urbonismul e orlo noud core isi fdu: I -9i u ,' odirec,esc.ed,-uco.;- ::. Orice rezidut romcnlios este o boolo': renoste zt de zt, ritmul ccluol gcto imbrd'-e proprii cprocpe stondordrzole de oce'

- : rnr peste iol locu .

- ^L.r se poole sldvi i pulereo decert peniru co:-:scd oiureo cu dub e resurse, cstfel nu

,:. vioto noud in lipore mci, regionoe si

-::rru, copriolo ldri , este hoidrot chemcl sd

u s vs rc uil! L. L rc uu r J !!

:zei si o circuloilei pe oriere de mori pro- lent ond nervous excilemefl.Urbonism is iust siorting io cc". - - ':Agoro h^ orgoi g d-^ o c :

ihol come up every doy\O-Ct o 166 eu6..6r g., :-.'destiny mlght seem, thougn sore r-: :::lhe orchlieci ls summoned lo cJi 're ::'::irro-l e\o^trao o org^- o.:'the moker of fulure rolher ihcn of pre.e'-Urbonism wos born n our lime ond i- i,s'

Englond s gorden clt es.

The citles were prov ded with pcr[s ond gorders 'rue

wonders of orllficlo, yet romcrntic ondscope whlchchcnged the gloomy foce of the lndustrio cenlres; iheyo so c eored up the drecrry neighbourhoods of b ocke-ned cities by introducing ihe winding shopes cnd thefresh cir of the gordenThen it wos Germcny lhcl creoted, wlth itte spirit cndesser lo ent, workers clties thct underwent numeTousorlrsi c crises sometrmes leoding lo vi oge schemesdevoid of ony sort of vo ueFrom one yeor s end io the nexi Americo mirocu ousybuilt up who e towns, workers districts provided withthe geometric chcrm of rectongu or fobrlc imbued wiihthe sense of speed ond troffic olong end ess thorough-fcres.Russio creotes new industriol centres ond whole ciliesdrown up on lhe hobiioiion princip es lhol hoven I beenlested oui so for, wishing io suppori the new socicideos inspirited by commun sm They ore urbcrn experiments holding o specio vo ue since lhey represent odoub e cohesion of lfe shelters reody ot hond ond revr

sed economy.Fino y, in Fronce, viL cges cnd cities were rebuilt hosti yon devostoted londs, disregordrng ihe orlslc ond scien-tific urbon experience, for which they were crilicizedquite oflenlnstecrd, urbon plonning owes to Perret, Corbusier, ondto olher French broins the ideo of towercilies whichingeniousy soves o prob ems of lhe modern criy con-cerning technology, hygiene, lrofflc, comforl, ond oesthetic requ rements. Cne hundred floor buildings ihrustci every 500 m., surounded by b oomlng porks wiilhouse either offices, inslitutjons, or dwe ings providingoLL sorls of conveniences They will be oll linked bymoior woys, by express troins stopping in cenlrol slolions ond oirporls plcced in lherr cenlre; thus we coneosi y figure out how ihe imoge of the neor fulure ls

going to ook llke A hlgher densi! of peop e lhon thoione crowding in lodcry's gloomiesl centres of contcgion will hoppl y cohobit on o more economiccl bosisin shiny cnd oiry.pcrls procticing sporis ond enloyingotuyhygenc te.Cne con infer the sorne ows cnd essons from lodoy'surbon experience oLl over the world. There ore onlyvorious degrees of deveiopment ond housing concentrclion. Modern crchitecls congresses primcrri y deowlth urbon p onning, ond ogree to unjversclize humcn

231

Morce oncu, Horlo Creongil,

I r e35lMcrce .]onco, Horio Crecngd,

I I e35l

imbrcce uf scop si o io--: e !.ooeond. E un orcsiOnor in dezvo loreo scr, crero' ce scurt iimp cr ov crtd reprezeniotivc si mocernat ir Romcrnio More.Si ce vor poseistii sa pdslreze vriloru ui din vecheocelole o lul Bucur? ln oforo de cdlevo blserici si puline polole, orosu Bucuresti nu ore o pioic, o sloluie, ocasd in folo coreio seniimentul de pietcte sd-si opre-crscd respirotio. Genercriio noostrd este chemold sofo6 '161-o pJc i50e. aO-OO a o,to-ro ^op. l.Onilei urbe core creste sub ochil nosh I exemp u gene-rotii]or ce vin. Crosu noslTU, core o trecui cnipubertof r.inlr-o epocd fdro sti si ford corocler orhlteciuro, ne ongoieozd lo rezovdri uriose. Doco noi'L\o'r li ,o-l lo'rp .eo,o\o-cl \or i'rodispretuili decol meritom. Noi simlim co deslinuB ^ or 's-o -npl i. A' r e r^o.l ese i

.ole . o. ^. , r ^, osp ,'06 eo tr ' ^-no.. ro cr.

Crogul, 1934, nr 2 din 25 februorie, p l ; 4

Ulopia BucvrestilorVod nevoio urqenio de o se refoce Bucurestii 9i omincercot sd schitez nouo orlenlore urbonistico (l) ccrepore incd ozi o uiopie.Dec tfe urbonlsmu este orlo core trebuie sd scrulezeviitorul. Cel ce c ddesc orose foro deslu o previziunese gdsesc mereu deposiir de reolilcrte. Pono so reoli-z-^ze a necesilote urgenid, s cu ivii in progresie geo't a- Co o lele .i o.po o qoo"o d^ orr pp o\ o pO

covc codc timpului, esre Jel put,n comicJ. UiL"rlrirf. e-^ O] Ii , OO lO a 1OtO,/, ^-e . O,c \O O-p I On p .

ne nevoi virtoore. Mcteriolul urbonrsmulu este urrcrs,mii ooce e sole sunt revo ulionore si p onu sdu trebuieso fie uiopic.Docd timpuri e f oostre liberole cer imperios o reorgonizore socic d economicd si politicc diriloto, opoiorhitecluro obicr o cere, ior urbcnismul se poole iormulo co o orhlteclurd dirl;otcr.Cu toole cd necunoscutd co stlinlo, urbonismu ero inloole cu iuri e, o loole popoore e, legoi de orto de o' oOi.,De 16 ogiOler ta I t e,z Oo o" o,-.,O, . poroin evul mediu,-de lo renoslere si pond in seco u ire,cul, orlo de o croi orose ero o op icore pe ieren geo-melricd.Acolo unde gdndul omului o ndscoclt, unde mono iuio iopI r"eii 6 o leg e qeo^ra- e l, o doop-oloroio o p , o vo LT sirp r )o o( ^^ot lo obod.. o 'i PeL I I o o Osal^ De^o ot '

cle Regelui Soore cu creci ordineo prn geometrre.Numoi epocie borbore - epocile intunecosu ui evmediu co si nenorocllul lntru orhlteciurd seco ol I 9-eo nu ou procedol prin geomelrie. Crosee osifecrescuie in voic .inlcrmp

drii sunl o scddere c consliinlei sr orlei omenesti. Nicoieri moi necesordr, ordinecgeomeircd esle oceec core ingrddesie iberlcleoindividului in interesul obstesc, in interesul libertolii dedezvo iore crl co ectiviiotii. Liberclismul democrolieio' rorsi'-l veo. l' e -r. o o,l p'^,.< dezvoio.

experince from vcrious couniries, since lf e :,o, 'rDo. o.t,a-6r e,o. -1,, o .e o.opr e. lo--oooy'. co, .tr o li,,:q o, o re,o-pspiriluo horizon.Despite lhis humon civilizing spirii there cr: _ -C Ao a o , olo rt ,, o o -o-"to^-ic ^q oTo : ..

r or I corl V. A o\o o o ,-oa ,o,B' hore. o . o-plo e qo oer I

We moy ook bock on the old forms ond i:= -ly ottcched to such memories, yet these ,.- ,-ings do noi belong to ihe posl, lhey ore c--, -o leogoor o,{oyo- ,'rgtro poowe a o oo-, o lv or o .o dl; e/p-e ^o -

he"o vo: ^o , o'l,r or ilhe oos ur no ..'eooooro-iov l eocl5yo oo

^d oobblir o pa( o or. l, .oi- ,o, .

^. -.over trodition ond tombstones. Urbonism i: --rLo' .rdole\ ,i'ely o^o o igir o low 9o . ll^ or dOr \ olO o-'to,.i. ^ Or epo.....diseose oround. Art revrves every doy, fc

:

o ^sear rhy f - o, e).^o p 1 q ow'r io -olro oroor azPab/ srilo,^e.e \;a.lust cs you ccnnoi hinder on overwhe mrnc :: -low ils course becouse il wi oush h.vic-^ ci r -before, you connol freeze nJ* ife in smo :' =,o'no^ i po l^ ^ .

Cur cily, the copitc of our country, is summc-=--up on Europ-^crn form cnd gool. t is o qu ie . _

which recenlly hos been cclled upon to re:'=,-lpbc oirG,eoo Roror'o.Whol wou d the lrcditiono isls keeo from Br.: - '

ode] for the future genercrtion? Aporl fron- ,-- -ches cnd o few po oces, Buchcresl hcs nc .: -stoiue, no house cb e lo orise pious fee ings :serby. Our generolion rs summoned to fo:.. .

creolive ond oeslhelrc force ond commli -.=:unsullied ci! thot is risinct up under our own e.::exomple for ihe generoiions lo come. Cur c -.

now well beyond its cdolescence - o si.r:=,devoid of ony so id crchileclurol chorocter c-:- :mous problems to be solved. f we ore nol c. =

-_

ouT own foith ond ort in it, we wi be Cesc.=_lhcn we deserve We feel lhoi Buchore.' , -hcsn'i been occomp ished yet. lt s time ii w,e'-everyrvhere, ond our responsibi ily is enormo,.

Crosul, no.2, Felruc:rly 25th, 193- :

Bucharesl dnd ils vtopiaI fee it's imperotive thot BuchoJest shouli c= -slructed; hove trjed to sketch o new urbcn c-:-thoJ con be perceived cs uiopionln focl, urbcnism is on orl thoi should scrutin z: -..

f .,"Ter,no'so 6. 1roorFig^rr:rof- o"r 'rd Aor e. U^ tnlr po: o' ccoming up, hundreds of them ore hovennq oi. - ,

of lcggord roce in lhe covo code of time isiome-culous. Urbonlsm demcnds drcsiic, doring so L_r: :-:

r - evul mediu, s ", d"1t;".;"?ttr";HH:r::- :':, tocmoi in secolu lTecut core exceleozd' , dezorieniore comp eto orhiieclonico si urbo-: rroblemo intinderil orcselor c fost complicoto

- :o emo circu oirei.r:'. spre exemp u, in t mp ce de o l 89O p0noI I creslereo vehicu e or ero 'in medle de 6000

: - - re o I 9l 9 ou'incepul sd creoscd in medie cu' - : lr 100 000 onuo . oT popu olio ui din onii: - :ino cotre l9OO creste cu l.5OO.OOO ocui

:--- urmdiorii 3O de oni cu oprocrpe un milion d,^

- = Si nu numoi Porisu, dcr loote ccpiio ele eur-::-- ou ordtol oceosid crestere formtdobilA.

, i: c inzecil producfio omu ui, fcrbricr e ou olrcs: r iTo etcrrd, orose e cu mullip icoi luplcr penlru'r-:c debuseurllor, comerful penlru p osorecl

,: or, omu o lnzecii i mpu tol prin mcsind,. . .'ezc si mlj oocele de locomotiune core reduc

.": )et.ol 6aprotip:looogo lr,ooortie -

=:-egotilo, decodento, un urbcnism in fcgo

---: dezvoltorii orosu ui o fost ingreunotc de. - =-c circulotorie sr in NewYork in orele cond

= -rrr vcrsd zecile de mii de oomeni pe slrdzile- - . inguste, circu ofio se poro izeazd. Ce fo o

- ::nsul unic sou semnc ul de incrucisore, cernd-'=: sunl c fiecore 150 de pogi. Se cunocsie

: :nericonu ui core povesteste ccr circuld pe:--su crutomoblleor ce siopecrzd,.in corr cuco

- - . ou c orcpul cvdnd timp so tricoteze o fie-- ,' i de strcdd

-- . impolrivc circu oliei crescdnde, oprelistlle. r-ente or impolrivo creslerii orosu ui in ino fime

--''.r, exproprierl nelnsemnote peniru drgirec- -- nimic nu poortd mdsuro vietli cocotiiocre o

. ., - coniimporon.:-: zbuciumul ero mci odonc, cond ?nlunericu]: =-e moi nepdlruns, zgomotu oroge or moi insu-r: igieno si conforlu imposibi e, estelicc com'- ,: si urbcnismul prizonier, lumino gdndilorilor--- cr deschis cdi nebdnuite si minunole orcselor',

:: rl om urmorilin oroseie mcrri oe occidenlu ui s-';rploi intro mdsurd si lo noi si desigur co in

- r se vor imp inl cu vorf si indesot.- -:-e cd Bucuresti moi mult foro voio Bucurestilor,

-' : n nepricepere, 9 c schimbot firec si cine il

- = )Zi dupo o lipso de 20 oni, oproope ccr nu-l

-:, nooste. Hotoroi, orosu nostru c opiot peniru-: de vicfc noud, negiicnd chior preo mull

. - ,:ievo vestigii de crrtd ole lrecutului core l-or fi

:'c i, cum ercr vechecr biserlco Sf. Gheorghe- -.ll CoLlei-- :zi intr o fozc de refocere comp eld. Cenlru-', c cresle in ind fime, cosele vech j, ipsite de

.', - toc loc in cenlru "b ochousuri or", ior putine e. :rcdin dispor in fiecore ceos.

lO OntC pOle TUTUTe neeOs. lS mo'e': : ,l- 'io e e/or rlio^c') wri o olo - , ,

f our libercr oge lmperollve y derc-:- : ., - . -

gonize lhe socicl, econom c ie :-,-': '- - :

beginning to think obout if; urbonis- ..- := :-t -=: :..directed o rchiteclu re.

Arho' gl ruostllo^^o o - : -tightly connected with the ori of bu c -: - r --'- ::for o I peoples. Storting with the Egyoi;or-. '-: l- -:.:ihe Romcrns, through the Mlddle Ages, ihe Re-: .-:-:eunlil the osi cenlury, the crrt of tcr oring ciies wcs c cecmetrico opp icolion on the groundYou wi I find ihe rules of geomelry wherever mon s mindinvenied things ond its honds chise ed them, thot ls, thesiroighi ine, pure su4oce, ond simple vo ume. This is

why Khorsobod, Peking, os we os the Renoissoncelowns ond ihose of Louis XV creoled order by meonsof geometry.Only the bcrbcric cges ihe dcrrk Midd e Ages ondthe unhoppy l9th c. orchitecture - ovo ded geometry.Such cities lhot sprowled cl rcndom represent o reqres-sion of humon conscience cnd crri. Beinq o compellingfoclor, geomelric order checl s the lndiiduo freedomond fovours the communiiy interesl, its free deve op-ment. The cte l9th century libero democrocy wosn'lpropiiious crl cr for urbcn deve opment. Most of theWesiern cities, creoted in the Midd e Ages, throve clon omozing speed during ihe losi century, c thorough-iy disorlented lrme in mclters of orchiteclure crnd urbcnism. The troffic problem wos odded up to thot of ci!exiension.ln Pcrrs, for inslonce, there wos on cnnucl overogegrowth rote of 6,000 vehicles behrveen 1 B9O oidl9lO, ond since l919 the cnnucl role crmounied BO

100,000 Belr,veen I 8OO ond I 9OO its popu oljongrew up wilh l,5O0,OO0 inhobitonts, whlle in the fo owlng 30 yeors it odded o most one mi ion sou s Thls ls

true for c the Europecn copiiols, not only for Pcris; theycll showed lhrs speclcculor groMh. Why?The mochine mode humon produclion grow ien tmesmore; the foctories otirocted lhe pro etorlt, the cliiesintensified their roce for new oullels, whi e trcderssought for morkets, due to ihe mochlne, mon increcsedhis time off len limes by creoting speed ond meons oflrcnsport thot shronk spoce.This speedy deve opmenl found o decodent, unprepored crchrteclure ond c greenish urbonism.The probiem of ci! development wos mode difficu i bythe ircfflc prob em; in New York, when lhe skyscroperspour oui thousonds ond thousonds of people into theb ock ond norrow streeis, the troffic is iommed. Thenwhot s ihe use of one'woy ond cross rocd troffic signs,once you hove to slop every 150 steps. li is c weknown joke oboul the Amercon who is soid to wo k ontop of siuck cors, where odies hove enough lime lo knito poir of socks cl every street corner.There is no meosuTe tcr[en ogcrnst lhe increosing irofficf ow, no reguolions to forbld higher bul dings ln theiown centre, no lond expropriotion lo widen ihe streets,

Morce oncu, Oclov Doicescl,

I r 9351

Morce lcnco, Oclov Dolcescu,

I r e35l

IJJ

Cu rilmui in core crm pds':: c .ozboi .incooce ne

vom pomen pesie cilivc ori iq,r-rp oros fdrd monurfenlele si vesiig ie de orio c e occidentului, dor cu'oolF po'ooree -i. ip,o o- .^ o o^ ,e doo-o , r

-lolio ^potblo o. o6^'|a,e o,^...^ ,po.,eo.eirf,r ocu5.oZ .lr ^ roo-e T,.doo . npo..bl_tcie economicd de o urmori cu ucrdr le ediJilore cce-oslo inlindere.Trecem ozi, urbonisiic vorbind, printr-o grecr criza. n

detollu, orhitecturo insdsi o oplol peniru siilul nou.C o r-O 5.-li o(O or , golfor- O O a5ir . sri'geore-tr ic nedecorolrv, sobru cu violo meconizold in corecu totii ne miscdm crslozi ?

Cine vcr moi consirnti lo oltfe de viotd ccrnd o cunoscui uii itoteo forme or simplificcte si cr conforiu ui corenu e un ux, cu[n s-cr pdreo, dor core se orcrid onevoie imperiocrsd in fe ul nostru 'urgent' de c troi?A iubi ireculu nu inseomnd o porolizcr victo. A cer-^ oorhitecluro romernecscd, nu insecmnd o o fobrico,cum s o incercol in diferite ronduri. Numoi odoptondIor-ole ri 1or,o o 5 p.ere" t,clg, .po, i-ce o e olui, se vc noste prinlro lungo experienld ceeo ce se\o p r'ao t,rir^ sir ro-ronor,Deocomdold constoidm cal oce eosi condilii lehnice,economice, oceleosi sirucluri socio e, oceleosi mofe-'Oe O ooO,i -"r j'OO a Oe ,O,OTrOr .r e O ateo,sporluri si poceri, oceleosi ecturi si imbrdcdminfi,ccelecs slrri si oce ecrsi speciccoie, foc dln metropoO nOO O rf O Os ^-'OpaOT.Oro.ele \t t O/ n In oi . a1,-e d^ de lo, al orc O.oducliei regionole, dor moi runt io.r, l" l"-*f-lrll!

"volorior spirituole inire popoore, ceec ce fcce co eleso oibo oproope simullcn toi oce e prob eme si lipsu-ri.

Cuodeosebire cnoi.Bucurestri ou norocu] de o fi un oros tonor, lo incepu-lu .formorii sole urbcne, ferit de suprodezvolioreodefectuoosd orhilecionico, nehiqienlcb si suproooou-oid o seco ului lrecul din centrele mori occidentoie.Este oore obsolut necesoT sc irorm lnireoqo filiero degre s. 3o o,e o ioon'. -o fo. r .o ,E rvoro-nnoi cevo?Grijc si drogosieo ce o purldm orosu ui noslTu nefoce so dorim evitoreo oceslei evolulii crstdzi inutile.Numoi si numoi o timiditcrte urbonisiico vo permile coorosu nostru so devie unu] model, un o os minune.Troim ozi ziiele de odevorofdr formotiune: Cecsuldrrectivei. ncd nu esle forz u. Asocicrtio prieienilorBucuresiilor si noi, orhitectii de crzi ne osumclm o tos-put doro I o'o'^toi gtAo ( r.ol n ,o- dezoo ,- por dA -i(ra^loti,tare t r r, rL. ceos.Ceeo ce se pocie face azi in Bucuresti, nu se vo moipulec reclizc vreodoldr.Stilu modern cere urbcrnismul modern.E oro hotdrertoore core irebuie so decidc oscluro,bozo g-^omelrico, linio de continuitole penlru dezvo-loreo urbond o Bucuresliior.Unde esle mOno de fier, minteo vlzioncrrd si pulerecculezdloore de core ore ocum imperios nevo e

lhere is nolhing ot oll to show lhe extenl of lhe moc-..iry 'rr, t.o \ 'e ir deeo.^ Lo very ror tr, or Ine doepe toT'ieJ, wLor o, :

'ort v I ere wo. ^o woy o, ,rner i^e ir, - o se 3-T.e,rboo,oDA w-ep o.o^ttorooeond l,,oe"ic' .

rea-leo Tpos\ o e lo reo, . wl or .t-^ ooil-p i. .

(o-no or od or o ,root )^ ^toda p :)onar -l or odor r tniT . e'r nignliql- tpd ro-"tA r te , pa ao or o \,.d. t' p o5pa, I lot ,^" ies o ,nel . .e

uo viL.n9 -Lor los ol,^oo) o^el a,pe er e! [.We t^ r b o c -o. Los roppero! ;e s -^ 16 ^ e. -o- ow't (o r- tv. ord it ^o it ur' o r r \€-V 5oo .

oroe sao e

Aliosf ogoinst its own will ond less due to its c.wordness Buchoresl hcs chcnged its spirit; who:.-hcpoor5 o v ..- oLo WorYy^os,o- noo,, -.' ,,e Cb;io. ly ou , -y ororred o ^^* e lor-ov^ lool "o

-.o .o o o o , "/A rge, l;i^ I e Cio :

Geo go ChL,,ch ord Colieo -o*^ -l o o. o -embellished ir.

We tnde go o soqa o lu" o-ove'y'. tLo o, oir :.if,o. oT.rt" .iol ^^l.e q oW l gt cr o,ol q1e r-o1d rconro lcrble L o.rros rol e oo.r- io, e'blockhouses', whl e the very few courlyords ond :_dens vcrnish everv minulef we move on oi th" sorne poce set cfter lhe wor, --=

we ll find ourselves burdened with c the shorlcor, - _

of ihe Western clties bui without lheir monumenis onc _

ua,-i6a SO ,v^ O o lii.e , o IOr ^ he .o.l o rqr C' oo e. heorv of e^cr,e\s r-ot'i. o. r oen--.. o. ..o lhe probler ol erd]^,c o',r g wir^ ir rir ',e ,,oo ..de-sccs, ossocioted with the lcc"k of economic meo.:'eru b,n l^o .r,, v ,v. c't ove, 5L, 1o vob.rtr ri-o.)Tne. oor-po.'lg Jr lo qoeso s€ve c[..i:.Ar, r ;l-it elf 'nose re iow .rV".. Wro 16r- 1 lell -l-c a --L '.1 19 ol lri, g^6al" ,,, o' ro1-oo, otot vd \ootr* -l 'h^ 'nor t orized e ,ve o e ort \^o 1e odo\Wl owor opva colsel, oodiirerc"wol 61 1;rg

he ho. o.,oo e rt ) o' ';rplit od o,rs o-ro-. . :lif- rot re.e,sc'ilv lr ^. 6 r5 oS ora rgl .l ,. :'roe o i/ely' how rq or ' , gar I' woy of ,,rrq ?

o louc'no posrooe5r l-"teor -o po.olyzo he.-o,-..l 7o. o e ror o Poro.io- crr, l -o , o ll door^'r ^

thotyou should fobricoie it out of the blue, os it hos i:=-o ter o od ,evo'o' re. Wl-o ,re riqr I looe :.poror io, ,1 le .lr .o.re o,.o .e e'f^i ol o.oTC:.o5r 6 6! . lir q ir^lir,o,u lo ^t:,o pe ,r. o.o . ,

ond choicesFor the momenf, we con see thcl ihe some iecl.- -_economic condttions, lhe some socio] siruclures .- -some moleriols, lhe some lronsporl meons, lhe .:- -sporls cnd p eosures, the some books ond clothe: ,, -some news cnd shows moke our cooitol cF, .ooeon . )'odoy -l-'^ ir'es or- o- o'r y n o .e,. -o -i-e .ecoodr, lor b'olro plo.es o pootf As' a/ no, l.O il rol Vo Jes ill . r n o.eq ,16."1 ,l 6 c -Lg gr_ -bort. ord,lo''. orir q'o,'r oSi .,."t ''lo1oo,:,.I owev^ t\p " s d'is'^^ ^ * l- ).

-:-- ,4, . ,:- gd in onful dezvo tdrii economice sr

- = : : renirii o cvut repercursiuni imedicie osup-. :: viotd o omului 'in co eclivifofe. Mu te cu

. - -::r: e de cdnd omul lrdieste in orose, do". , - :r bine irecutu din ounci de vedere urbo,

--'tidm co formoliie ordsenesli erou foorte- - - r rrre ponc in seco u noslru. Crose e cunos

. - -l:eu mct geomeiric si mcri ogic oltodotc,- - -':. - inso toldeounc in morgineo drumuri or,',

= - .'1r cunoscute 9i in Pompei. 1n ce privesie' - - ::-onii si Grecii ou cunoscul forme de more- t t-:.

=- :iirmc cd orose e evu ui medtu pe core,=" e moslenesle azi, cu u iciooree intune-- . :-:pr etdfi inghesuite, chicr in proporlii e o'- ,= ::eomdnd in conceptre unor scte mori, os. --- semi urbe. Dezvoltoreo in indllime si ino-

. - r -, ccrtiere sumbre, inso ubre si curli infecie" - '-- l-ose, cu toote po ole e si coledrole e lor,

, - r . -eo noud orientore. lncd suniem in linio. 't- :aiesli.

'" - -': ::ire iumololeo secoiului lrecut, bctrono: = : zdruncinoto din teme ir, de mosind.

-- ::. -e preo slrdmio, populofio inmuiiid se- '.: -- .echie cortiere, cenlru otroge lot comer

. - = ::ninrslrcliile ;i viofo pu seozd un riim c o::- -e.inteles.

: =.' ilmp code epoco insloloiiunilor edilitcre' = :.., ccnol, lumino si telefon, trenu subur

,-.:i.ll e eclric, ouiobuzu], in fine ironsporluri.,-,- cu o dezvoltore supdrdioare.

-: :e lechnicc, ouiomobi ele, electriciioieo,r'-ct.i$i impuneou cuceririle zi de zi, planu:-:eciiuneo orizontold o proprlelcrtilor rcmo

. . . ; Bo r lin p .s poro lcr 11 -'ro-'rtrr- prop:.droo oveo ore1. J^' coro 1,s01e

. ,nino, nici circulolio, nici oeru orosu ui,' ,:- io oricdrui bun simt se 'ingcrduie fcromiio-

' : : -: nii sl de unde pond ieri sotu more (semi' - cesfiinlo nici o polecd mdccr, ocum se

'' : .-':zt noi si fundoluri o mie prin pcrcelori mori.- r'- :e more sufocoi de technico mosinii cu

' : , t-,muri intortochlole si imposibi e penlru cir- , . zzd,n-o infeies sd odopte formcr cuvenild

: .,-eo respiro 9i primi o dezvoltore conformd"r -l-e ic promovoi progresul. S-ou conlinuor

- ' -,c si lo noi formele sotu ui.i .- r-:rsld formo uzcrlo devine imposibilo cu

- -"-?.' ' -::tibi iloteo'inire formo sdieosco de ieri cu

.. . .e si o'osul de no ne. - este ccelo ccre trebuie sd prevcdo

r::.l toreo, sd intompine roul cdl moi e timp- -. . cu p indlctec mdsuri or.

: , - r -: creeozd inco o slrodd, se mdreste o'- -:dor se lorgegle o slrodd cu 2 metri,: -OCe SenS Un C

,' :, -- )Jnlopere de urbcnisl.

L' ti v Brcl-o-esl i:oyo' ,g o... :-. ,: --'-: rrbo^ g owih or d-t rs .pc rr . -or rilec-r'o oe e opt or --'o t^r '- . . . .: . - -overcrowded Wesiern towns durirc '-: l:- --- ,-.Should we pick up ogoin ihe ,.-i --. - ,: -.-1.:-thot the Wesiern countries o Teocv -->.aa' --',:t l- lI rolly l-oe o eo t ltei- e: ot )

Cur love crnd coring for the city mc(e: ,s'-. -: :.: lthis use ess expenence. i is on y our ov./: s:\,-es: o-ahesrlotlon in urbon-pcnning ihot couc <eec ts tTc-

moking Buchoresi o mode ciy, o wonoer city. We owitness ils lrue shoping. the hour of lhe Direcilve l.cscome. i's nol too lcte. The Associolion of Buchorest s

friends ond us, the crchilects of todoy, ossume cr rnoreserious responsrbility since we hoven'i deboied on lts

mosler plon even ot lhe elevenlh hour.Whoi we con do in Buchoresi iodoy, ii connol becchieved in lhe futureModern siyle demcrnds modern urbon p onninqThe e evenih hour hos come ond we shou d determinethe ci! bockbone, its geomeirico frome, ihe prospecii-ve line of iis urbcn deve opmentWhere sho we find thot iron hond, thot visionory mindond the defylng force lhoi our c ly imperotive y needs?Eoch ock in ihe economic crnd socio deve opmenichoin offecied ot once mcn's woy of livinq inslde thecommuniiy. Ever sLnce mon hos lived in towns lots ofchonges_ occurred; however, if we corefu y exominethe post from ihe urbon plonning viewpoint, we find thothumon sefilemenis were uery much o ike unti ouT century. Cnce they fo owed o more geometricc ond oqicolpcliern, yet, the houses o woys were p oced c ong lheroods ihere were sidewolks in Pompeii os we . TheRomon ond ihe Greeks hod spectoculor pub lcsq uores.We moy olso odd thot the medievol cities, inherited bythe West, with their dcrk ond nor ow o eys ond crow-ded housing eslotes, even if they were lol ored on olorge scc e, their concepl wou d roiher po nt io o big-ger villoge pollern, ihey were ho f,towns. Their hrqherbuildings deve oped ogoinst o crowded bocl ground,their gloomy, unheothy districts with fi thy courtyordsdidr how oly new o ieto ior 6s'p -e 'le - po o eond cothedro s. lt wos lhe vil oge type deve oprnenlihot prevoi ed.A of o sudden, in ihe midde of the lost ceniury the odho f lown is shoken by ihe mochine The sireei becomesfcr too norrow, whi e the increosed populotion is crowding in the old districts ond ihe cenlre otlrocts o the com-mercic ociivitres; ihe enlire odminislrotion crnd the rhythmof ife pound intensely, yel nol comprehendedDuring the very scrme period lhe towns were provided wiihutiliiies, such os woier pipes, seweroge system, llght ccblesond phone iines, ircins ond eleclric tromwoys, buses, bulthe pub ic ironsport turned up to be o reo nuisonce.Whie lhe new lechnicol devices, lhe cors, lhe elecirrciv ihe eirlorced .ot, o e wo'^ .leoo ly rpos "g heir

loiest inveniions, ihe iown plon, the hor zoniol pro jeclionof ond properties, remoined unchonged. Whi e the

235

Urbonism e orhileciuid c' c:. I-ecuie plonu con-ducolor so fie c n ve u sp rii,c cerui, cc sc prevcdopenir u coievo generot :o ui i necesore si suficienloso schimbe slstemu soiesc inrr rnr ribon ;"r; ;;r;;:leczd o dezvoltore socrolo ideo d.Core or fi principiul urbel moderne ?

Suce inl se poole spune cd .in

congrese e de crhiieciisi urbonisii inlernoilonoli sc ofirmol, dupo diferite

s to,e O dO o o^ii^er-e .O i.t,^ pti-veste economio si conforiul oro:u1ui, el :e poote reclizc numoi pr ntr-un progrom de conslrucfiilno te si ocecsto in ropori cu preful terenurilor. Coso se ridico inino time dsond terenu liber grOdini or in mij oculorosu ui.

Ceeo ce esle insd coroclerislic pentru ocesteconstructii concenlrcle core evocueozc pcrterulnevoi or circu]otiei si qrodini or este co e e, cu col seridico in inliime, cu clct moi muli spotiu iber vor oveoimpreiur.Siudil e orhilectului Perret cc si proiecte e uiCorbusler oiung in centrul comercio o un procent de5 o suto suprofoio c odito, oblinond totusi 3OOO deoc. de ho (Po isul ore in ocuri e ce e mci concentrote B5O si Bucuresi i 2OO lo hc )

Dupd ocesle siudii, corlierele de locuinfe centro e vortrebui sd ocupe I 2 eloie si ln periferii ZToole ocesle dcrle se refero Lcr pretul meCiu ol ieren-u ui in strdrndlcle si numoi in mori e melropole.Lo noi studiul vo stobi i norme si regu cmenie specioe.

Aceste conslructii concenlrcte coleclrve (si sd nu nespere ccesi cuvdnl, orosul insusi e colectiv), ocestecose brne oronduite pe sirozi orgi, 4a-7a metri, cugrcd ni imense inlre e e cdci nu ccoperd decot mcximum de l5 o sulo din suprofotcr, dou.1 posibi itoteo de lorqire cr drumurilor2. reducerecr sircrzilor inut e3. grodini inlre ocuinle e concenlrote in indltime4. reducereo suprofeiei orosului, prin indesire5. conditiuni economice, soniiore si de confort necunoscuie in zile e nooslre.Dor cum vo ordlo ocest oros idecrl dupo Corbusier?Crosu se compune din centru comerciol si odmlnis-lrcrliv cpoi rozc locuinlelor centrole, rczo locuinle orieftine si corliere induslriole elclolurile loromole dispor si propreiotec comund voingodui orosu u so l e un more porc semdrnol cu ocu-ideorri )\po .toti-olcr^i.Do^de^i p i

bozi o do . o- or ' lo ,.d^r o,o -jero. lo. 1 r

ldngo ocuinto so. Drumuri e pielontlor or strdboteoe. ip rbo o.e c po rrri.ln inimo orosului in osemeneo pcrcuri se vor ridicocrcele cose lurnuri ccre in 60 de etoie cuprind fiecore oproope 30 000 suflele. Aici e creierul orosului,centro o, birour e, odminislrcrftie, societdti e,comertu, in fine ocul de muncd iniensd sr concen-lroid. Acesle lurnuri sunl osezole lo mori distonle -

com 4OO melri - si vibrecrzc de curso oscensoore orropide si de violc inlensd, fiecore fiind dupo specio i-

orqe dimension of privote estoies hcrs never obsi- -iohl o '-ol' o ho o g o-'.A owl o* oqo^o'rnor te".o I e erdle.. o v's or of props 1,veo. Whil" v^sierdov c o ggtrr vi .og^ ' 1. owoudrlgverpor yir ,l.o-ol row.ew r66'.. -de.o., ore oe 1q *ide-oo or' ryoy o r .

ond ihouscnds o otments.Tl e Io I t^cr' -he o qgel r rl66e - o^g Ad os

Iobylre10, re w -'^r-orgoo'-6e .^'..l: .r,,, lo. o.ces oqo .pa^o dld" , ,ol " ,pIopo thot wo o |ora oow^o io,ortr o. .

spoce ond deve opment, occording lo ihe scre-:-',d-.d ir p'ooo.. 'le oggor v oqc 16; -.b-or p on o-ed 50 fo oro rhey rr " cre.Todoy such on obso ele form is no onger prc: , -:r o n oler wtor I ir d or -ofo r wo r gl- cpp ,'TeoT t-6 lcye'ordoy.'"lloqeor r rr-wilh tomorrow s town.Urbon plonning is colled upon to mogtcolly for:.=-deve opmeni ine ond duly prevent ihe disos,e' '

oboul lo hoppen, by icking some sound mecs,-::In voLn one more street is cut ond o souore .s:ned, in voin onother slreel is rnade 2 m wide' -

onewoy sireels ore beincl cul.An urbcrn'p onner hos nothing io do with such e. =Urbon plonning mecns direcfed orchiteclure - -' -

olor .f o 'id ue -o s lo o6-..ol .pir'--o e.o 'or-,ee e. e. Oty Ord .r ui, t^l ' Cord:l oqe'erol o'r oh"od ord -o -r -' lre lrcrl s/ ^^

bor o' o oo e -o ^r 'F or oecr roc o de..Whot princip e shou d modern lown fo low?Briefly, o orchiiects' ond urbon-plcnners' inre---congresses moinloined thct ofter vorious ex:--- .undergone in ihe ilnzo conlinenfs, o comforlc: -o.d o, o,oricoi .io-u. ir lr^, ) Co. oe or-hro gl tre l'gr- e b- cri'g p og.or -ra -

:

nected with the ond oric-^The house is higher ond higher, mokrng eno,:for gordens in lhe lown centre.Whct chorocterizes such condensed buidirc-legro. olloo.isler-oo o sreel . -r.ol o- :

der S i: I O- ire . 9, et rloy g O v ^^ ^.tordcreote.Perret s (l) ond Corbusier s sludies succeedec -

nrng 3OOO dwe inqs per hcr on o 5% built c.::commerciol orec (Poris hos B5O dwellings pe, -:most congesled creos, whlle Buchoresl recc--.per ho ).

According to lhese studies, ihe ceniro resider- : - .wi hove to rise I 2 floor buildings, ond ZJ oo :ore onlicipcled in ihe oulskirts.These dcto ore bosed on lhe overoge lcrnd c- -=cd, porticu orly in the big cities.

o. ro ,r I y soe o :-o.doro s16 cg tioiestob lshed.

'

These co ective cnd condensed buildings (we .- .

be ofrcid io speok this word out, slnce ihe cii. '.-, olle. ir o er t ) ) t cra -esl Lo r5e' l'-eo tp -orqP .l ca'- ,v i^ vo go oet r oehvee

- - r -rs pentru slne.: : - le circu olle ote pdno lc ZO metri sunt elo-

- - - l- nd in subso circu cfio greo, o porter ci': -:rmo d 9i lo eto j circulofio rcpido.:': sunl lo 4OO metri, lcr o 2OO metri iniol

-' : c nive ul circulcijei medli, gosele de 3O 40t'-:.

' - = ..obilelor suntinloorse cu spote e cdlre cir-

. - -r'e si cu fofo spre grddini inlerloore si for-- . -.-. .' rir o dispoziiie ingen ocrsd cu relrogeri sl

'- ,: un efect plosiic deosebil, ogcr incdl strodo, - -rr cu ocr cnodin, cj o clee inire grddlni.

,:-e periferii sunt iocuinfe e efline in b ocuri. - r: 4OOx2OO m., coTe cuprind 25 000 de sul

:::-: inchizOnd lo rindu lor grodini cu umbro-. , ,' de spori 9i de p imborl oproope cdt: - ostru.- -::rele obundc in lot locu. Vozduhu sulero- , : e usoore core se grdbesc spre ceniru

: :::-3 !oro cenlro d este oeroportu orcsului., : -- :-'ecnd esle inlrcreo irenurllor si lol sub-

- --:::d 'in fieccrre porc dlntre oce e cose sunl

- . ie$irile melrourilor ccrre eogd in viiezd: - - l .Jrmezl:u si de- o ungul orosulut perlferii-

-.'.'',-:: esle o grddino mirocu oosd unde omu

: -: .-- de om foro so se ingromodeoscd, unde- ---, co ectiv isi lo formo ui ceo moi superio

':= confortu si sdndlctec, economio si esieii'=-: si sporiu vor do ocele forme de viclc

= :-j coTe inirunesc perfecfiuneo moterLc d si

- :::j sunlem de ocord co orcgul nostru nu o- : u iime or imbunolcrliri posibi e de ce n-om- .'171d

r - r-.indrepto creslereo Lrl cdire un osemeneo:

..:::lunile?- le foci cu noi e conslrucfir? Ce focl cu prop-- : :pOrtiie 9i m i de porce e sucite ? Cum foci: :- ? Cu ce boni ? Ce fccl cu senlimeniul

- :' ? Ce fcrci cu Conslrtulio ? Ce foci cu' - r : 3 ? Ce foci cu pitorescu ? Ce foci cu politl

- - :::l cu cenluro de verdeolc?. -; s o mono de fier, cum ou moi cunoscul-.- si utopio vo deveni recLitole.

-. ::s cdr nu e vorbo sd cerem idec u . Un in-

I : o orlentore sdndloosd vor schimbo fundo- ,-:sului 9l op icdnd dupo put nfo cuceriri e

-dproznic, vom fi deschis co ec unui moi- r 'nore viitor ol urbei.

. : -J mi se pore nlmic! Greutoli vor fl multe de. ::- -eomd mi-e de un sngur bc our core o noi

' - = de copete (politce). ForO sd om preieniiu- r rr indrumcri (noi stim docr sd proiecicm) voi

: cdlevc gonduri prcclice.: :-, cere orhiiecturc dtr]1crto.I -: :reulole ln rec rzore esie mico proprietoie

l5%oI't a oo 5. t).= .. : ..

I . roods to be wiCe'e:2.r-.ee> .oe 'otrc: j -:3.gooe"r[o-6e- . -.. -. . - . ::5. ^eo-r7 cLo'o- r i : - :-creoledW, o Cob;s,e c'r . :. : - :

^e ily ortoirs re o - I - : I l)- :.(enleonolnenooe.o ce-''t :.)='' ) | ; : :

be o ow-Q oc, lo g 'e'c ) )." -'There won'f be cny frcqmenieC ors c1c '-!s -fe co'ective properly will turn the cl! inio c vosi po'k spreodwith ploying ond sport grounds, slolues ond fountoinsEvery nhobiiont wilL hove poo s ond beoches reody crt

hcnd. The pedesir ons wi I woll. through such porks tooccess vorious p oces.ln ihe heort of the cily 6OJLoor tower buildings rnhcb tedby 30 OOO sou s wi rise. Here lies ihe broin of the cify,

is heodquorters, ofllces, odminlstrolion, compcrnies, os

we I os iis commerce, ond flnclly, lhe iniense ond oll-

obsorbing worklng p oce These tower buildings orespoced 4OO m., oui, throbbing with the e evolors rocingup ond down, with the intense life in lhem; ln foci, ecch's o r'., | 'oti hov r9 ii- owr p . pore.There wiLL be ZO m wide e evoted highwoys, wilhheovy truc[s driving in the underground, normo lrofflcon the ground eve, while speedy cors wi run on ihefirsi evel. Crossings wi I be estob ished every 4OO m.,

cnd every 2OO m. for medium lroffic eve; the highwoyswi be 3O4O m. wide.The oportmenl bul dlngs wi look over inlerlor gordens,thus ovoiding lhe lntense slreet lroffrc; by o skillful dls

p oy, they creote o spec ol ondscope effecl due io the

rhvihmic pottern of recessed ond protruded elements.Th" streei w ll no lono--r ook llke o dull corridor but c.rs

on olley crossinq throigh gordens Towords ihe outskirts

4aax20O m huge opcrrtmenl buildings will rise, with25,000 souls eoch; they will o so encomposs gordens,sporl grounds, ond promenodes, os lorge os ourCi[migiu Gordens.The oir is fresh ond lhe sun shlnes olmost everywhere.The oir is filled with nimbe drogon f ies hcsting to thetown centre where the oirport is just beyond lhe centrolroilwoy stolion.The lrcrins ccces: lhrough underground tunnels ondlhere cre olso underground enlronces ond exits in eochporl be\.veen ihe cpo lment bui dings for subwoy iro ns

thot ropidly connect ihe centre to the periphercr zones.This cily is o miroculous gorden, where men come closer lo men wlthout lhronging the slreeis, where the com-munrly co leciive feelings reoch the loftiest level, whereheo th, comfortoble lrfe, economy, ond oesthetics,olo g w -h .p"eo o.d ,oot ,v a 6's-€' th6re perioife forms lhot con ottoin molerio ond spirituol perfec

lion.lf we ogree thol our town hosn'l obsorbed yei the otest

mprovemenls n this respecl, why shou dn'i we direct lisoevetop^ ^- owo d 't' l' " e?- I^e o o- yoro o,o-rd wlo so/" "oy?

Morce lcncu, Conslrucile,

1925Morcel Jonco, Conslrrclion,

1925

?37

le. Nu esle nevoie de com'lrisr pentru cr le desfrinlo.Nu esle nevoie de schimcdri Ce conslilutle. Privltl ']n

iuru nostru. De cotivc oni s ou creol si lo noi proprietdfi .in

comun, unde individu vede din ol Z-eo etoilocu grddinii core ii opcrline si ui, in comun cu c ii6o de loccrtori Ccre pcrrte e o ui? Nu o vedel Dorminlec lul inte ege co ln ocesl fel, cu toolo sdrdcioui, crre beneficille unel economii comune si pocteocui pe bu evorde. Are curte si nu o poole ingrodiAre cosd si nu poote donlui pono diminecrlo. E o ui

sl e o iuluror Si orogul e ol lui si e ol luturor. Si slro-do e o tuturor Liberioieo e ingrcd ld pentru binelecolectiv.lcld o propunerelConform cu noul plon ol orosului, se vo concepe spreexenp u de cotre comund, cu cjutoru unor socieidfiboncore, ridiccrec unui corp cu l2 etole, cu ce e moiconforicbi e si moderne ocuinie intro oripo, so zi-cem, cr Cismigru u. Acesle ocuinfe luxuoose si con-

'o.tob e a,c) \ Lirbo d-,o a o-n,, o obigolo .

contrc unei seril de proprieioli expropriole 'in cenlru,conlorm p onului de s slemolizcrre. Densitoleo de300500 oc pe ho. vo ellbero un loc de douo orimci more cu densrtcie de l50 oc. pe ho., ccoperindcheltuielile de conslruclie cu volooreo ui si permilcrndprin v0nzoreo resiu ui ridicorec unui nou poieu deocuinfe si oso moi depcrte.Nu plongefi Cismigiul, cdci fiecore poteu vo copotoun C sm giu in inimc lui. Un consi iu de economisli si

ovoccli vor lrebui so pund desigur o ordine'in co cu-eS 1eg COrO 'OOevi,z|O.2. Ldrgireo strdzilor de circu ofie more, indreploreolor vo do riveroni or in schimbu pcrf i expropricle si

forO ploto, so sl pund in voloore terenu prin'indlfcrreocose or dupo o orhitecturo indicoio. Este o conirovo,loore ccre trebuie socolild osc precum or fi o depreciere de vo oore ccrnd nu e permisd rld ccrecr moimullor elole.3 Apoi desfilntcreo strdzr or inuiile circu oliei, vor dalreplul riveronilor scr p imeoscd cportcmenle in conirovo ocreo exproprleri or, chior in oce e constructiioeL.prdo.,ri e^popr ola ores^.o olo,

oeeecoqroon.Astfe comuno, prin concenirareo 9i mulcrec locuinfelor dln ceniru orosulu, vo deveni proprielcrope ce moi vcrioros teren pe ccre il vc vinde societdrli or ce vor voi scr refocd centru comercic dupoplonu impus. Beneficii e oceslor operciii vor servi lolucrorile morl edi itore cerule de cutosirode, me-trouri elc.Circulollo se vo desconqesliono cdnd lromvoie e vorfi trimise.in subso ul orosu ui, dond oslfe un moi ropidmij oc de miscore muncitoru ui. Aulostrodele vor trebui proiectoie in oso fel co sd lege cu ceo mor moreropiditote coriiere e indeportcrte c e orosu ul, core vofi redus si in suprofold, prin densitcle.Si ocum o9 spune co docd toote exemplifrccri e melerdmdn 'in siudiu", uno or trebui ropid reo izol-r.Tronsformcreo mohcr c e]or bucuresiene cu pitorescu

Utopion thinklng, whoi will you do oboui ihe --d^9,dW[o * yo do66err rfic or dpor. .

I er o -der ir o [o -ordr or o 'qol soT cl

o-.? -low ^ )or'o oe ^ec'p'opr.cro I .'

Whot obo' i -l e - o-ra) ? Wl o w yo, oo o:oiiochmenl to his property? How will you l':-, -Constiiuiion in this mctler? Whol cbout the s L,-..will you do oboul the o d good piciuresque o- r: -Whot crbout politics? Whol wi you do oboui--: --belt?All you need io mcrke Ulopio come true rs de.:--ond on iron hond, os lhere wcs one in Buc':-= '

re.

Cf course, we do nol osk for the ideol thlr-c '-A o' d qL,idir g I're ,vill ^ .'p' slly o .

moreoveri if we put inio proclice, crs rnuc- t: :the oiesi deeds of stormy lhinking, we r,,, :-' ' .wide open for o better ond greoler fulure.

con see nothing impossible obout rlL T.--= . -hcrrdships ohecd for us to overcome, yel .'one sing e multi-hecded politicc mons':-inleniion to give directrons (we o'e -,'designers), yet om going to droft some p-r- -

Urbon-p onn ng needs direcied orchitec---:I The f rst obslocle is the smoll lcnd p'-:=-being end ess y s iced.We don't need o communisl reg me tc :- :ihem, or lo moke chonges in lhe Consi - --o o. ^d. la e o a ori few 7€or: . -perties hove been crected ond the persc- -Tth l oor ccrn see the gcrrden he shores vr -- r -

Whrch shcre is his? He ccn'l see il cl o - .mind con understond lhcrl no mclier how : - . .con benefit from ihis kind of shcred ecc-,-ond ive in o wide bou evord. He hos c. r - -

yel he connol build on enclosure He h"o-. : -

roro /e a or 10- do^ o 'ere o' gond everyone else's. The town ltse f be c. :.'O olro ,. loo. 'to ) ree o^ o g o a.6dom is imited for ihe soke of the commu-: -Here ls o proposo I

-t-a. ot. 1 J1e o, otdi.g -o -l e.o^ o^ -

ossisled by some bcnks, will moke c pr. : '

floor building provided wiih modern cnc , -

oporlmenls, p oced, et s soy, on one : --Cgmigiu Gordens. The commune will ex:--- --orlo toblo or o r, ior . o ,ilo ^9 r

expropricted ond properiies ocoted ' '- -

oreo, occording to ihe moster pon. The c:-, .

to 500 inhobitonts per ho will hove the ::. : .

do,blo [" r^r- der ] ol 150 ir toc -

cnd free o doube surfcrce of lcnd More:.-ding expenses wi I be covered by lhe esic-= .once lhe resl is so d, some new oporlmen' :be built, cnd so on.Do noi weep over the Cigmigiu Gorce-. -ecch unlt will hove ils own 'cismigiu gcro=-of cwyers ond economists will lLove to :::cc culoiion ond revise lhe leois oi on.

Mcrce oncu, Conslruct e,

1924Morce lonco, Corslrucflon,

1924

r--r neo ferit de moreo mizerie din cenlru

- .::hi, opoi ne o hdrarzit crcele suburbii fdrd- -:-olizore sl umino, cu sumedenio de co -

- -' si cose de emn ccoperte cu corion, ce

= : 'oosird in f olo slrd in i o r.

.-r''rose ordinii cr dsot, cu locie protestelesd se intlndo p ogo porce drilor moho-

. .'eo I. 01 ao rp'op-iee rilo: :^ - lo prop' o e ol loclirtelo' eL

- : : pcleu de 400x200 m. cu grodini frumo,,- de odrhno in core sd gozduiosco o

. -'-::go de 25 30.000 suflele, expropriin-,=: Contro unei cociocbe cu trel chi ii, ford

- . t:'a oer, se vo dcr un oportomenl de 3 scu

=.= ,, bucdtdrie sr co orlfer, spolotorii comune,,=: cpd lo rob'inel 9i qrddino minunold.

-j-zi sd creodar cd vreuno din ocele fcmilii- ,i-e se ingromcrdesc ozi 'in co ibe inso u'=t,:e schimbu. $i opoi pentru oce ce vor

-- .- sieo.in cdmcse de noople Duminiccr o

- :e cceio i crs trimrle 'inlr-o comuno lo 20- -esli.

-- '-ebuie sd doreoscd gr sd suporle prog-

- - -:>- or.

,-= lin p onul Bucuresli or vor dispore slrodo: r, .rne e porceldrri de suburbie, desigur co, -:dern vo p-rslro vechi e sp endori ole

- l sos Kisse]ef, bu evordele nol si prec- '= cuTn vor ordto obio dupc cdfivo oni,-,-ei in olle proporiii si cdl se pooie mor

::,relrlc croiio si cJtele.' .: irebui sd pdstreze 9i pefee brserrcllor,' : ---:et trebuie sd focdr lumino sl cer in cenl- -=i" sd sufere de congestie

r:-: vom puleo privr cu mondrie vrltoru,::-j pentru decenii, oslfel vom fi cormuit cu

. = = :-esfereo orogu ul nosiru, numoi osfe vom: sdndtoteo urmosilor notlr in ceosu rds

-: -e pondegte ocunr.- -.:ru hotdrdl e peniru infe egereo timpu ui

- :*. Geomelrio 5i inio drecptd sunt unice,.= i 'dcd numoj e e sunl opcnolul crtei $i lnle-

. - , : -esiune cr finlei clcre si vornfei omenegli.- : siru esle penlru conslructio noud core

- ,:, expr md vie, eslelico funcfiono d c seco-' ..: - si deschide coleo industnolizorii cotrer: -'reogo economie o tlmpu ut.

. -:siTll esie pentru ordndulreo, col mol esie

- :: -oiei tdrii nocsire lo pos cu vtemeo, cu

=. =:eri e posibrle, cu toote consecrnfe e sl lu- ,-conismu modern.

- -. r une sonilord sou de circulofie, orice usu

; - -i prin economie de timp sou preocupote- -- - estelicd, trebuie sd prevoleze o 'inloc-

'- , :i director. Bucurestri ostfel refdcut vo fl ln: r- -r.r oros fericrt si sdndtos, un orog grodlnc

,- .; pclole, iordsi un orog grodind cum se

= - : mei nooslre. Fiecore iimp ore pilorescu

2. Wh-^n ihe streets wth heow --l-: r-- .'. r---r r lsl og^lered le -roo-or -, . - --: .. :

^.,Ls.gefor the o.oooice:r::. - :-.o orilo o. )es Jrde ro'-o -ing. This shoud be consdeiec .s ::,-:- .r -: r-los devoluctron in cose no mu i s;c-:: -:-::r r-: r :wed to be built.

3. When useless irof{ic lones discppec' '-: --r. tr--:wi get oportmenls in exchonge ior ire' axc-:c'ciecproperly, on ihose very premises, wricr- vu,i conio'ngordens too.By successve concenlrcrton ond moving of the iweings owcy lrom ihe town cenlre, the commune wr ownthe most volucb e ond thot wi L be so d to vorlous conrpcnres thot occepi io refurblsh the commercio cenlreunder on imposed p on. The proflts obtoined from such

operotions will be used for the uii ity system, highwoys,subwoy troins elc.The trolfic will be mode ecsier when lhe lrcms run ln lheunderground, offer ng o more ropid meons of trcrnsporl

to workers The highwoys will be designed to shrink the

disicnce be\,veen the forihest dislricis of the town, whichwll be crlso reduced due to the growing densly.lf o my suggeslions ond exomples ore sii I 'understudy', ot leost one of them hcs to be qurckly to[en.The chonging of Buchorest slums ond their piciuresquescenery.lf we hove been spored the filthiness of the old city cenlres, we hove been "b essed' wiih those slums ihct hoveneither kerbs noT sewers or ight but insteod they dohove o muitiiude of cloy bLind wc ls ond wooden hou-

ses covered wilh ccrdboord thot mo[e us fee oshomedin fronl of forergn vls lors.

Thot kind of pollcy lhot overru es order, ond cgclnst lheslrong proiests from urbon ponrlers, it ollows the curseof end ess lotiinc ln the s ums. There is o so ution lo it.

wrlh iis own fund"s the commune wLll creole o lorge oreoof 4OOx2OOm for low price dwe l ngs. lt wr contoinbeoutiful gordens cnd resling ploces cnd the enlire slum

of oboui 25 30,000 souls, whose property wosexpropricled, will fit into ii. ln exchonge for o three roomwindow ess hui ihey w get 2 or 3 rooms, o kltchen,

pub ic loundry, bclhrooms, loi eis, running woler ond cr

wondedu gordenI con i believe thot one of ihose poor fomilies, throngingin unheoLthy huis, wou d turn down such cn offer Well,os for lhose who wou dn t give il up wecring iheir pyio-mos, eoning ogoinst their fence o 1 Sundoy long, I

wou d send lhem lo c villcae, 20 km off Buchoresi.The inhcbrtonts of Buchorest shou d wish for ond suffer

Buchorest's progress.Should Lipsconj street ond some suburbon lots discp-peor due to this p on, lhen modern urbon p onning willprese^/e the old sp endor s of the cily, such os Kisse effAvenue, ihe new boulevords ihoi wl cppeor norrowyiorlored, quite soon, Coleo Victoriei, ond others, yet, ono o uo or I \.o e o-o geore-treotlT .l b,, o'' r eot r.

The urbon-p onner shou d [eep the church squores;however, he hos to oir the town cenire thct begon to

sdu si oriccrtdeinduiosoto' c, :i o :rescu ruine cr, noiopiom peniru pitorescu vier core oie deslu d cu oore. Nu e timpul sd bocin lrecllu, cvem dolorio sopregdtim viltorul .

E ceosu ..sd

focem opero de rrbon sm, profetico si

U M ]NOCISO.

Calre o c:rhileclurd o Bucurestilor, Bucuresli,f o ll 9351, pp.7 20

* Textele au {osf seleclctte si grupofe de Nico/oe

Lascu.S a pasfrat in more pc:le ortografic: si punctuatict ortgl inc:lu lu i

overcrowd.W^ ,l oll be obl^ ofo.o ^o' r e Oro c :,vo o. ld oi o"ro-'oA ono Lore r / noncileof the city crnd the hecrlth of ou hJi,, now, c-'l= -venth hour which meosures ouT own commilrie -We ore delermined lo undersiond our time i- :-mislic monner. Geometry ond stroight ine c-:ond beoutifu becouse lhey o one be ong c --nle igence, os re evonl expressions of lhe c::o"d Lr o^ ^ r ^r,We ore for lhe new conslruclion lhoi uses o- =expresses the functionol oeslheiics belonqino "- '- - .

I y 6I -l tr -"ro, rA o o oo.r .ll o "r,o, oiion, on ideol for the who e economy of our c:=Weo'eoAATrrao -oro eo luoorol re :

presenl cch evemenls, wiih o necessory pro\ : -effects of lhe new siy e in modern urbonisn :.

,'l tre.Ary pov,or .o an q I^ol h o( . -'O O' OA Or \eO 01 O/ Ai- et l'"tF O. C

, O , a o' o^\r ^-COl Ord -1ooa t \O.\eremenis shoud prevol in lhe concepton ci'-mosler p on. Thus in 50 yeors, Buchcresi w ----

hcrppy, hec thy town with gcrrdens, porks, o.: :o gcrden-cily os il suils our climcie. Every c:=own picturesque ondscope, crnd no motter -:..lic ihe ruins mcy ook ike, we vote for--: : - -

.oo,r 'l lite o.o I p. -r esq. - o'r oaJ ce /.sro, tooo._ oL_d / _o

ccrn do obout futu et's high time we creoled o prophetic onc .-i'nism.

Towards on Architecture of Buchcsres, , -

f o [1 9J,'

* The lexls hove been selected ,:nd cc - ;, -Nicolae Loscu

t= JCiiviioieo so p oslico, Morce lcncu s_o

- : impresionontd uciditote si in considerotii: -: -€spre ortd. Morcel oncu, crilic de orlo, o. ^ :'er a oproooe e, I volerro ' oporo

_ :6ndireo sc eslelicd reprezeniOnd o conr )'ooJo s nlslcge co 5 p o-no\oreo ,-ei

' t-rtriole in serviciul ccuzei pe ccre fondoto_- . '= Contimporonul, c,t pri elul oporitiei numoru

_ - . r ar. o . T, orevo rrozo o-n. ,loore. '\oi- :- :ici, om simlil si om gondit c fel, om ovul, ,cului, unii despre o lii, o buno pdrere, co-. '.. j oo'o 'o odr'ro, e. Ni-rc, o o g.rpo eo-r -oos'rd oveo o'rd ep'cr'^ s, u't s, op.

= :: cici om vrut, penlru fiecore, o violo si o. = cerd si deplino. Din oceosld ofirmore om' -:: o infe esuri in forme si cuvinfe, coTe nu

--: ole nocslre, ci o e iimpu ui si ole oomeni-,, c-^noi

- - - -:i deci pe n jmeni, nu om si obisil si repetol

: j tr''dece,eo 'o.r- i :--oroto,ep.:::..riuri. Nu om rospuns o nici un opei om

lcl dr e (e .ora ot r oico- rrocq1, {...1.. r ei deoc rJ r-eeee""-r orono;^rp:' - i'r' i r Otc n O itr ri- COpr,vi rre r_lL,r_i

: r , o e/ot ,li ro :e loc pellrL i, s tJri not,: - Ne procomdm in stcre de revolulie per

' tl o oe ot ceeo .o d^u re pro.ede' s,--= r si gorgord'in orto, indiferenl de ordinec lor

: -i de o reclismul osificcrt pono Io suprore-- =

^- cutrefoclie, lolu se poote'inchide ,rb o.": _ 't I neputinlel si islovirii.

:.' iL.l de cercelore, sinqurd intdmpincreo mi-..: I. oirie le'

; - -: urmdrrind cu infriqurcre dezleqoreo ieore. : :::icdr o proble.me or pe core le puneo proq- -':liie si dezvolloreo ptclurii in cenerol, prin

: : :le, Morce loncu o losol un d-ocument de: :--,:lltote sl de o deosebito voloore csuprc

- r- l'/ongordd de core se leoqc moi mult de=-' d ioio,.lrrooo161:^6s5-p ^-ev

. ---'-ooronuf cilitoru poote foce cunostinld cu. -::::cl moi pulin stiut ol bogctei sole octiviioli.

' - -::i seecfio gonduriJor despre crto ole lui: :ncu pub icote in ocecsidr revisld 'in douo

: ' crmo, NSFMNARI DESpRE ARTA, ce re-' - :-::cup-rrile leoretice c e orlislului, insumeozd

: --:cre compoziiie, culocre, curenie crlislice;' -- r douo, CRONICl PLAST CE, concentreozd- ' : perttnente, orrgino e, prin core pictorul,: - r- r orlo conlemporoni or soi, se defineste in: -: TD pe slne.

'tr t c ot Tretto'y or o t. r's :i_, l, :- : .

o ro-- eqLo s l.. rn79 o, o c,j :- : l -:.oesiho.'.ll'ri'nq'owo..1/co'.:.:.'_sord,'g o'd p o-otior o- l- l i -

r ho serv,ce of lre co, 5e o - e . . .*: )-founders summed up on the occos or c: --: ' I l--issue, os fo lows W" ( ) fell ond iho,;gti ir -r-- 53rswoy, cnd from the storl, we opprec o-iec oni e,renodmired eoch other. This e,,,p oini whv our erouo ondociion hcrd o good r"oson io exisl ond oim"ed ct onecommon gool.Wo r, Led overyo, e eriOyol .re .lO ore.ty' O.roeyp-6( \ed tin'elr lleo]t. Tr s o"se - or lco r. r o,,-ro ly, to words ond meonrngs lhof were no ongerours bul were shored by our generolion ond ihupeop e we educoted.Thus we neither lmitated onVone, nor did we soel outond repeoi onythrng ol o L From the slorl lhe nomesyou con ,reod here were ufiered crlong with those

oo olel 'o l : o, -v ,/ o) o po'-e .

| "l

l-,-5^,i w:,n o, o\e w

who mode the first s1who mode the lirst steps obrood. ll wos nol us lcrrespond io ony oppeol in Europe we were omonqrope we were omong

,TAR.CEL I'.NCU S'cAtzva eAxountDESPP.E ARIA

Roclics Marei

MAR.GEL /.ANCOAND SOMEfHoueHfsABOU| ARf

those who roised the bonner (. ).Todoy we do not wlsh io be lept coptives by onyo-ne, nol even by our own pcrst. ln pol tics revo utionsore storled to estoblish new insiilulions, whlch neverhoppens in lhe reclm of orl. We procloim our permo-nent revolutionory slole ogoinsi onything thol iurns inloTrO'r' er syc-trT. e . pe ord ohO"y e, pre\ , O- n Oriro mo' e tl-e,:^querce. or lrozor reo i5^ -o ot- ngsurreolisms; they o con be burled under lhe scmeeoi'oo\ ot i"tccooci / oT o elt or ) on.On y the inquisilive spirit, the one ihol we comes wolder wil endure '

Morcel Jcnco, c ucid ortist, who leverish v souqhl lt'_,

'l eo ^'cor'y ord p-o r.\ Ct ry c\o,ve -a" O-oE "'-,

,poseo b1 h \ owr' ' ,ec,,or or-d oy r.a ooVoflrarr€prot po t rg I qate o eL o wo lv ot o alllenA /lopico wrillen Jocument on lhe ovoni-gorde orl, thotcovered over lwo decodes of cuhurof history in ourcounlry. He who recds the Contimporonu/ moqozinewill get acquointed with this ospect of his exiensiveo viry ilrl^ r'rowl qo lo .

We hove grouped lhe se eclion of Morcel Jonco'slhoughts crbout ort published in ihe Conlim'porctnulmlgjlzlne into lwo ccl-^gories. The [irst cotegory,NCTES CN ARI, including ihe theorerico op!,ooches of lhe ortrst, conlcins hrs noles on composttrorr,colour, ond trends; the second coiegoiy, ARTCHRCNICLES, focuses on lonco's orioinol ondcompelent ludgmenis on hrs fellow orrilrs work,somehow defining his own orl os we L

241

L

,. ,NSEMNARJDESPRE ARIA*

AIOIES OIU ART*

Illofe de piclurdAbsiroctismul, denumit si c.rc srr ce cei core qresesc,inseomnd intoi llberorec pic,rr;i oe cspecieie"viefii side semnele din oforoPcno lo e, orto iniei si o cu oli, desenul si ptcluro, se-"ro!,reo', o ^p,e_r.e, l,o:. oa,oa,o,, .rool^ 'dal O,eO O.o^O.rO,i ..oi.tOOTa6 pi ., gO siimogineo reprodusd fusese condvJ sinquro preocu-oo'^ Mo at t t oi. D. " .i o r-goo , ,ol, ,^, pr" _r-'o o b6 od. o o ri1 ,1c pe 5o.o c o ,,. , i'o..A,er oro'oo rio,do e.o p -,o 5, ,o o,o fo,oq.c,',or.'i. -o' .l e .r'od , o .o p. r oo ); o o,o,o .-' . .,

",vibrolie, ormonie.De lo romonlicr incooce putem urmdri sforioreo inceotc o .oi i' r, de o ,^ oego o oa o. ..roiqe eo'ao r'o , De^lr I o ot ro, ,bo,o a,a,pra o ^ si or.oluire subieclivd o lumii lmpresionrsti cu och ul lroged, P,lo t o oe. , o' ., di o a-, reg lio' .roo i,e

do \ lt,. ^o or I ro o /, r'r]o. ,,o,oii a coo-ora ,

vorieioleo s surplzc ]or deconcerlotd.txpresionismu o renunioi lc deto iu penlru c degc;,o r c-o .a rtr,/L To avoro io-r pi r- _ ,t ir o ,, o_lor procedeu de o reliefo inlreg obrectu cu oir rbutiile, osezorec si ndzuintc so" (Vezi ,,Dontul,,-deArn pencolAbstrociismul .in

sforsit, nesocoleste modelul, ospectele'g ' re h, ,.e r pi.1, ,o. \. noi e "., ^p'Fio6o ]rri dir o,o,o,i, r,.orio,.1 p r

do oii,' ,- eo. I o'.t,' :, pe,,oro. Po.r^ re O^ rolinie :i culoore co de lo volori obsolule intocmoi cummuzico pornesle de lc sunei. Si precum muzicc gru-oeo70\ latee J yol^ a6rre.o ro. i o,oe.ori-.too role .i'o'oos' o p ,,ro ob tro ti 'o o, Ou.^ ,te16F\, Cr]Or,leit\aOA.eO,, r,.e/,-O,O a OeOf On ios.Picluro, ostfe liberoto, devine o conslruclie obslroclo,co o ,imfonie neprogromctico. Jmr pore deci co obs'or,i -' l^ io. lo p, , ip,.e o p,.t , OAr,r, Dt_, O. D, e. Od OoO,,.t ,i . o O O o5 o' O to O;.1momenlul cond n sufletul omenesc s_o fdcul un ocpenlru .inlelegereo

ei o inceput, penlru simtireo ei morldrziu.C .o' ro'o o ub... ..Li: ^ pe d- o,.-eq., co,r:rr,r r.opo.r,oo;,odo'. oro-,,oaoo; ^, o;' . oco6 ro,o /c o. ,,or- d^ pono ,o -. Se ob,;,^f Lrmor de o e lmilo. lst urmeozd co]ec lui creoloore.

Contrmporanul, nr.4, 1922 p 13

lnsemndri de olfidI.f Ino\1 , o"ocoo-^-oe o-o.2. Inleligenic e un fc,cior negcrliv cno rt c, orto unupoziliv conslruciiv s nleiic.j. l ,^.''cr 6 o oo r'-ore 'ol 'e,/.o o , reo,e.4. \a itre.'ot ooo ota .r ro,e e edo lo o^ o .orice virluozilote oudiiivo si vizuolo.5. Artist oriizon - crrtificiu, lrei sensuri deosebite cucpcrenle de osemdnore

Illoles on paintingAb 'o. ri ^ w orgr\ ton ^d . ro, -1 ov \ome oTI n ecr-s Ia .:6o:6ti6r ot oo rg t,on i'^ c ;

ond exlerior signs.[-.]11i 1 -1c geo ,ne ol or ir e iro co'o,r orc..or d _oo'rtirq

In teo i',etr ro q ,.e ,ono oo_' ,1-l le Son tr re ooo ,ne to ,.. Jaroo.r 6o.'ori,ol ,^ oge o-d rl e r€p ooLu^o or ^ roc :

ffa.6'^ ot efl. roigr 6r, tr ^ Ooitrer o to\\eclo rnterprel, i.e, to hcve his own vision of thinos . lresembionce wos ihen socrificed ond l"fr rl -lo ool o fl e ooi.rar wo: r"ri,g -o cop _represeni m,ovemenl, vlbrolion, hormony.Ever since the romonlics we cor woicl-L ihe slc.. -

oo,'[-, e'o,r -1ot oo..,9 oot o q-. lio o-' o'l5,ro r-: r o de 16 i €,or, "'e p,o, o^o ocreoie lhe world The lmpressionists, with ihe- :

_g'lnignyole .or r\ov^.rrre'l oe :a/ -'o' or h ng pe, L.o.eo -ro coio eoOnd ,l o;' rO,o V Or O \. Or -e,r'1g ,,pri oL Oror. o'i.^ go e Lp rl.o dc'O, r o oc.-l o1 ;l r q " o- -p to-n./ar oao oro.a --

th o,on o, n po 'rq -no,Ttr ^ ao'ti to o- -n' o'- obio I or CJ rr5 olrio te I crri.to c, _"or. (S^e r^ Do..^ gu A,t;o"n.n1 "ri ql , {9s- O list O re,roo. \ It tr 1- oOA, :Or ,61;ra '1A Oro prate.r, ir poi^ti.tO. | ,

r'- p-^'o,;on o- te o. oo wo lo o] r torc.^o h ror o a-6 er e oo, | , o-no-.,, :o O OAr)O1O t, o' erred. r slo.t: n r-( olo t o c,bso,r'e ,/orrc\ 'r r 1 6 v\o/ ^,nzl o.o.A9 .,,1 e,ro,^L .o ..o"o:- l Ct '"tot v - to ol c po,' O -o. j

poirt 10 f o'o es :o ''to. oad , o o ro .tly hcrrmonious effect.'h. '.be o'od po r "i q oe. o-ntr oo .o

^O' \e'/ T' r ,L^ Or U,pOgrolt60

Abs,ro." ^r r wo .,d o7 't o lo a ,.o"1q, O OO n' "O

iO' OOir,,rg Ol o. , C.to'Ct 51 ..o.,o''1.)o,t ,a;,o oa-oleIob'e ro o^ pleleno I o.o -Lo, o ^eC-o o.oit) O Lbi.^:,'i. o1 .,pr, .9,ol 'ntl odrior \e trati tr.'o.5l -d , o ooA\ ir oA' \ tr a O,aviouq o l

O ', cr'6'r. I o^ ^.1 -ot;1g tn^-r-;..jo*olrve pcrth.

Cor '^ po o". ^es. I

Art nolesLlh",9^6 rL,)neao,el roi e,o..2. 'ol io^r, e .s o ,ego \tr o1o , , o -loo lrve .1rtl ^' ol . O' . ',.e ore.J "'e, 01 Teo, - ob r r\ i-nog , o.o. .

/ Morr de . i es lova oael .,Fora :

_o l\ 'eo'Oo,. e Or ) s.j,riyo O, O \ .C

5 A"' ' .slrsn or o.- r: e n-^e o le _yel seemingly similor

-lcr copillor, orio popuord, orlo psihopofiLor, o

-::orelor primitive sunl ortele ce e mci vi , ce e mci,,-:slve, flind dln cdcncimi orgonice, ford cu turo

- -:su ui.t:pocrele prmrtive nu foc orlcr primitivo.- orid nu existd primllvrsm, nu exisid grodolie in

- . c iore. Romonlicii seco ului irecut cu cvul pri ei,- :idccliclsmul core se dezvotc olunci, sd otrdve-

, -: nrnlec genercfLilor ce e'ou succedoi cu tomon-

- frumosulul din ldeolu grec.: l:iicd, osirlond, romonicd, coldeionc, indicc, per, - r egipteond, etruscd, sunl orle cu repercusluni

roi puternice in suf etul umcrn decdl "closicismul".

: - .-rl cu loiul necunoscuie chior de critlci si oriigti.

lr cot creotorul stie sd fie moi dego jot, isi postre-: :rospdtoleo, se feresle de obi itol, cu otOt expre-

, :--stlcd e moi violento, mol iscusitd.ehnicc nu ore nimrc comun cu vlrluoziloteo si

-t : ,].l:oo c oriei, cum se procficd ozi, ucide fontezio,

.-.,- to preslidigiictio, viriuoziiolec, morolo, colitdli

: jensibi itotec creste dln nou co unghio din corne.- -, b I to Ao e .re re eL o(eeo)i ,'guro co^- -': din creofio orte .in iimp si spcfiu.

.'le e populore: ce e moi putern ce exemple de:-::rd cle sensrbjlitolir. Toporul creeozd mereu dln

=:-i pe tobulo roso- -'-o noud urmdresle lntensiloleo prin orice mii o-

Conlimporanul, nr 45, 1924 9.7

Cubism---: ce numim frumos nu e 'intoldecuncr frumosul

l: :.

- :.-.ll e ultimul ine in evoluiio picturii de potru se

- oo(e I ' o oL" problemo construcdiei plos-' :e .lmoi in momentu] oceslo s o cerul cunooslerec: ?mentelor plostice

' : .c umul, cu ocrreo sunt elemenie plostice si nu se

-,.=.: decdl sub infoiisoreo dezorgonizotd, incon

---: in ncturd.

- ,-:Ee s o orgonizo eemenlee plosllce consliiuie: :mo ortelor p ostice.

- r oe o v ./ . re o -o e.o, o reolitodi plosti-:: . ::o,rc e de i .ziorore (v,,,r^eo r ot. o o).

- r-gq reolltoieo exlerjoord, existd penlru noi 9i ore"olitoteo plostic6 C ropie o ro r i n- inp to

--nosul plostit ^or.l'o ^oli ^o o teo iote po'ii o::clitoted plosticd ep "zir o o co'r,- r cio o rlee -

^.- numol c simlirii omenesii. Trebule sd contno- :,-erislico ucru ur compus, ordonoi, pur. Reolito

6. The ort oi chl oi-e- -r 1 r-' --: r-- r'ihe psychopoths, lhot of pr mi've cE:c es .-e ihe ve iesl ondmosi expressive ones be ng Ceep y orgonic ond ocking the cu ture of the becuiifrZ. Primltive peop es do noi crecle pr milive orl.8. There s no pr mitivsm ond no degree of develop-meni in orl Due to the growing didocticism, the lostcentury romonlic ortists po soned the minds of the nexigenerotion with the romoniicism of the beoutiful fromthe Greek ideo9. The Gothic, Assyricrn, Romonce, lndlon, Persicn,Egypiion, ond Elruscon crrls impress on lhe humon soulmore effectively thon 'cossicism' They cre lotcrlyunknown, even omong ort crrlics ond crrtisis.

lO The freer on orlisl behoves, ihe more he preserveshis freshness ond ovoids iricks, ihe more violent ondresourceful hls orlislic expression wil be.I 1 Technique hcs nothing rn common with virtuosiiyond ortiflceI 2 The schoo of ort, os it is prociiced nowodoys, kills

fontosy, encouroges lugglery, virluosify, ond moro -secondory quolities.13. Sensitivrty roots oul Like o noil out of the f eshi4. Sensitivity is o woys the some, the on y voluethrough time ond spoce in crrt.

I 5 Folk orts - lhe rveliesl inslonces of sensitivily ston

dords. The oxe never foi s to creote from the scroich,on tobulo roso.l6 New orl rs in seorch for inlensily by ony woys crnd

Conltmporanul, no. 45, 1924 p.7

CubismWhct we col beoutiful does nol o wclys imp y thep osiic becutifu .

Cubism is the lost rinq wrihln the evolution of pointingfor four centuries. r pJts the problem of plosiic con-struction L or,y row ll or l e l ro*'edoe ot plos-tic elements wo: der o'd^d.

Line, voLume, co our ore p osiic e ements lhcrl orefound only under disorgonised, unconscious forms in

noiu re.

To gother ond orgon ze ploslic elemenis is lhe veryissue of fine orts.

Siori ng with vision, crt creotes plostic reolities freedIron lr p . lt:ivo {ro cr visior ).

Aport from exleTror reo ly, there rs onolher one for us.

olostic reqlifu. A coov of nolure does not invove lhe

illosti. b"oriiful ,',e rol 'e is ro-po t r^oli\.

Plostic reolity is not on y c producl of the humon fee-ling o one, but it ls on rnie lectuc conslruction. t

Morce :r rt93 r

Morcs :-:

"a-'

243

ieo p osticd e o ume ir.c.isd : corsi.uc ie ibero, uncporof emoliv.

\'COio rroir rO.r.9O5 a.aroaoaOr c .,dCOreo iioleo exteriooro nu e rezullclu inie igenfe si simlirii nooslre. Gresesc deci cer ce contrnud so confundemereu orto sl violo, reolitqteo ombiontd neovondnimic ldenlic sou csemdndior cu inientiunile frumosu-lui plostic

Compozitio unui lcbou e inchegoreo volumului dinjurul moiivu ui principol, os"roreo in ccdru (lnchlderec) cr ceeo ce se recl tzeozd prin pdlrundereo inlreviziune si co ecluro egi or p ostice. Toiu este cloditoe Lr ton coloristic i, .'oo -e^o .o to ro e, .'o to,r- olor oo o'ro i : d or o'-e o r o- 5

repulsiuni ole iniregului cporol co orislic.

Conttmporanul, nr.7l , 1926, p 4

GoloritD po hoo.L ''npra:or c-bsrr pe^ | o ruoo'o COmPUne CUlOOreq D, -o , 6 ^ por o ic'r -O A O(a I ep^ a \ a.aci /67e r i loo ol^.

Lumeo co orilu ui esle moi exprestvd, mol misierioosddecOl oceeo o sunelelor, 9i moi bogctd. De oici, difi-culloleo de o grupo si ordonc sumedenrc or.

Orice opere vechi, chicrr sr ce e lolce (de e'empluce e din scoolo flomondc) erou ucrori de oteliercompuse dupd ccrnoone co orisllce.

S in lumeo culorilor e o diferentd fundcrmento d inlre

"zi. o lo lror ot . o .,e.eo or qrtisticd {^.p ^,.r'.

toteo I

Pe cond fizicionu ne vorbesle de speclrul solcr undeloola ro. a -or. oo,ro pri p oO, 1^ - ql[tl )i

oo o . o go .^ or^ o't negfUl eo lo eo olor'Ca o .olo tu de.rr i re O ^o:tO.Se spune co din cele lrei cu ori fundomenlole, rosu,golben, o bostru (core onume?), se poi compuneloole celelolte n reo iiote cu orile pomcrntii nu se Dotobline din cele melolice, ior cele orgonice nu se poicombinc din ce e vegelo e scru mine"rol-^.

Unii piciori, dintre cei moi de seomdr, isi zdmislesc o'ormonie" pe core o epetc mereu, crezOnd o-sl fr formulol o lndviduo itcie. Noi le puiem recunoosle undo ionism nou s oldio lol.

O obso uldr demcrcolie 'in ]umeo cu orilor nu exislo'incd; odeseo un rosu e moi degrobo clboslru, sou unverde moi degrobo golben

C sistemolizcrre o culori or e posibilo prn cifrcrrec sgrodoreo or pe o scord, pe doud scru moi mute.

should contoin lhe fecriure of the composed, c :-pure thing. Plostic reolity rs o word n ltsef, c f.:-slruction, on opporoius to coplure emoiions.

Nowl e ^ r lolr la .o, wa 'oce in.,ron. ebo o' e e..e io oo iu i5 10 o proor L o. oqe1.a o1o i^^, q. lro o w^o l^-p or to. :-le

o e ry o-g: re.-olity of the ombient ootrctr ott,t'rqide't,.o or 5ryio 'o't'^ 1,e,'cplostic bedutiful

Composllion represenis the condensollon of rhe .

oround the moin molif, the setting into o frcme :of whot is ocheived ihrouqh the interp oy of v. -co.re,.ro, ol o o.-. lo* ."-ue,y, , 9 is o ,i . :of colour bu o tro o.g .rornloogo o- o, , ,

ond dishoromonies, offinities crnd reieciions n c, _

-:

Morce oncu. llno eum, 1925Mcrce .]onco, Linoeum, 1925

Conlimporonul, no 7l, lQl-

ColovringFor the firsi lime, ofier lhe impressionist choc, -

composes the colour . 1e po rltrr ry'o n c .

o ryl o fe *o ooirg oagor o otgat ,/a '-'

Lo r.ro d of .o o' r i r o'^ o.p ^.sir" '

rious lhcn thot of sounds, cnd for rlcher !e-= -difficu ty to qroup ond set iheir multitude in :--:

Any of the o d works, even the secu cr ones t,ce, the F emlsh Schoo ) were studio works :-- -cccording lo colour conons.

Even inside the wor d of colours ihere ls c t,- lio difference between iheir physico esse-:: - .

ond their ortistic force (expressiveness)

W|, ^ re p. y., ,_' p^o. s ot 16 .o o peo olor\ -r^ga o poo. ^ tlewhite :

lwo hormonico ly opposed colours produce -- - b : :,tr ^ plo, , eol ty o, .h- olo,-, o^r o:

.

They soy ihci o lthe other colours ccn be ._out of ihe lhree fundomentc co ours, red. ,,,:{wl t or c?J S6 l6,y.olo, -or . . -'l ^reo or A O.ro 1Ao-gcl; o e\ C-out of lhe vegeto ond mineio ones.

Some pointers, some of the most fomous t--: -

'o o^ lo-nor, ,r1 ,, - oy.o.p'L 'l ey' I olo r ooo .p re' or 1 .ro . -ror o 11 -ae o ^Aw to-t o- oo or -n j.

There is no c ecr cul in the world of co:_-:mes red shows rother b ue, ond green .c--:- :

A syslemotizotion of co ours is possib e b'" :.,number ond o grode on one, lwo, or moie . : -opercrtion, recenty storted by o chemis- ,-

cn mtsT ltebu e lnso:-.- de cdlre nouo genercfie de pctori con-

- ; l iereo de expresie o culorrlor nu trebuie-= --1 ldoco suni] grupcie in ocorduri. Ele s-

, '=: -npdrli in mciore (citron-cobcr lveronese. = r'.nin) cu putere reioricd si as zice "con: r cele minore (crom-rosu cinabru verde,

- , r : cu puteri moi mu]t rnieriocre,"convexe".

Contimporanul, nr.73, l92Z p.7

Honul de foamnd- :e toomnd o fosl trist. C injghebore neprer=-rrtentoid. ln nebulooso sumbro o oficio itclii,

, .ori ,etie ropre" ed to-e co e . ocl onodern smr]

: :rlsiic poote vizo o osemeneo injghebcre?:- de o foce cu o socielole de o ul,tr mutuo: :iori, scu plori etc.: : o inovotie sub formo unei coo ilii notrono-:- "portideior" crlistice? Crne sr c osumol rds-: . ritt 'i? Jldeco.d o .DO t-( o- ic p.6,ri61o

. ^n irdo o\ p o /oacep i'o. . o,zor _ J-_ - 4.'- o.t de o,rc,o de olib do corpo.,i,e lc o

.- o o ctloo e. I'e'ri. de, o oliue o.-rrioro:;- o or€: lpso o^ vctoo e n r poora.;, o'o,

_ _..: )o, ro.,l ,)se, l,r.- --r- o mullime de lucrori deo dreoiul imorole si: Fro ,.^ tr pr r.r t p or i Solon. Am ,pL -

. : '" str1-- co de-or ,t o I o -o'cr o l oso d-. ro

oo.odo oe r ,o.o r ed;o. ro'e . ol" a,"o"t-: : rnico pornogrofie in ortd core lrebuie evltoto.'' : lo cd Co org Bo'o oo evo r eozo oe oo

e'oozi ie ir r J^te e o' e r o-ienpo o-

:,' :l on nu poote decot sd proiecleze in minteo

= - : :rului cdutcnd o orientore imooineo unei hoo-:=zordinr.--- :ur cd oslfe conceput, Solonu este penlru slo- -:cstre promisiuni crrlislice (vorbesc de cceo. -. :o col o to do p'^co-iro') re 1o p e I-'-- o lL." : Lr seio., oo.to.o, po, eo eo--= cdevdrole. Contribulio unor to enie co Pdiros-

:lihericde, Bd dcescu, O. Greceonu, d no Mi- M io Do- oscr ol' . e-c. rt lo'oeco si n o'. - t -zi ctmosfero destu de nec ord si oso c ocesle. -' .ni

-- ne pe lorgulescu-Yor. D. orgu escu Yor ne-cr

iin frumooscr 9r p ino de oveniuro co dtorie lo: ,.-,:c, intocmci unei trufondo e, o mostrd de costilo: -:i nd.

t= - : scle de o picto Roguzo se oseomdnd leit cur-,o^ d- o p.o Bol,icul '^ oso lel i.co o r

, '--economlsi bonii de voicj, so picteze Roguzo de- :: cic si vice verso.

occomplished by the new .=-_--. .-pc iniers.

Conttmporonul, no. Z3, 1922, p. Z

Ihe aulvmn saronThe ouiumn sc on wos very sod indeed. A blurring,disoriented potchworl Whtthin the g oomy offlct6iho-inosr. .ore verie -t p e-eoi oreo olienpr5 r .-

lng w I node r\1 o e.o-'ttq JO.Wroi .i doo-s,p pos^eo]o:' ^opo(rwo.por.b7 or c? A a pe tol r g ooot o -"l't,-o od:o' ie y fo po i e \ :c, lp-o eic.?Should it be o lind of inovotion disguised under onotioncl coolition of cll ort pcrrties"?Who hos ossured rl-^ l-ry raspo . o iy? j roq -q o,,e. ll ^ p.z^dworl , *e ho,e r o douors os tJ.ne r deo. ord l-or

i3f ,nr,on.", I remember c hvbrid composition. with10 o ow rg or colo-,' ye- obu o 15 y oecoro-ve. vep zed ,rzLose lo. . or 'uo -A co.r'ro oe r ro.crcleri-zed os l:olong,-9 o rne poirter Dojo, l ] -lf,alavvs e o so lo->o,iro gl tlLly,rro o ord _r oc-cepioble works exhibited tnlhe forefroni of the Solon.By berng immorol, I imp y o totol lock of tolent ondgross evidence of peiiiness, which, we think, is theo'r 7 po'|r og op\7 tl o o tho' ro o,o d.When Borlcd, Cotorgi, Bcsorob ore disployed in theexhibition in the nome of coniemporo,y o,i, surroun-ded by quiie o number of underdeveloped opprentinces, this So on con bul induce lhe imoge of chcoticdisorder in ihe mind of the viewer seor-hing for guidonce.As for the hopes of our feeb e ort (l om relerrinq to thotJ'rL o(.ii-o to o o eco or 5 -o el s) -^" Solor o. t

is, represents lhe mosl childish invitotion to work ond oserious obstocle for the creotlon of o true work of oriohogether. The contribution of such to ents crs PdtroscLr,E eutheride, Boidcescu, O. Greceonu, Mrs. Mlroco-vici, Ml ilo Pdlroscu, etc. odds on odditiono nole ofconfusion to ihe blurry otmosphere of this exhibition.lorgulescu'Yor s po niings ore olso shown. From h s

wondrous ond odvenlurous voyoge rn Roquso, Mr.lorguescu-Yor come up with o sompe of- the litteDo notion .oo . . ,oreth r q ^ew rdoeo.The monner he points Rcrgusc ls ldenticcl wrth hismonner of pointing BoJclc, so he wouJd hove bet1er soved his irove expense ond poinled Rogusof rom Bo cic, ond vice versc.For us Mr. Lorgulescu rs that kind of the ortlst frozen n

,t. cRoiltc,PLASI'lCE

I'. ARfCHRON'CLES

(onwnrca*ru

Morcel loncu, Linoleum, 1924Morce lonco, Linoeum, 1924

f-

245

l':: ai:! G'cvrr- pe lemn

ra':a t-c. WoodcLrt

D. lorgule..LJ o'ez;r 'o pe lr o 'pe. o gr.1, 6.,'s11r;iinchistol in proprio obsesie, c ortistului siiuoi in oforoumli din core isi e\iroge moiivul insplrolor. Din oceosld couzd, oceeosi viziune se formuleozd lo infinitindiferenl de imprejurdri, reolizdnd operc monotonc,vesnic oceeosi.Ariistul, odevorclu , esle ctct de rnu t sub imperiu umiiexlerioore incot din fieccrre schimbore de peisoj frebuie so rec:lizeze o lolcrlo ve if core o m iocce or solejog.61o5eS O r tr9::Oe.O'tC€pr o-t i.e.ln solo Hcsefer om reusrt sd vedem primo expoziiec nor o unui Poscin sinieiic. Bucdti reprezeniotlve dlntoote epocile, mcrrcdnd o oproximolivd evolulie ooperei ocesiui senzucrl si pur lcrlent, ccre o foslPosci n.

Desi creotor, in sensul co o iosot conlinuotori {o nolser), o irebuit munco si sccrificiu orgonizolorului deio Hcsefer, pentru co sd ovem in sforglt o primd expo-z I e foscrn

Conttmporanul nr 1Ol, 193 l, p. l3

" Probcrbil cd esle vorbc: de pictorul Hojos lNota red.)

Expozilii - 1928N NA ARBCRE o expus onul ocesto icrdrsi ortd vie.Desenu dur desioinuie o vointd de obiectiviiote.Piciurile sc e sunl grele de luptc cu formo. Culocreordsund moi des in lonuri minore de un irlsm stroniu sinou. Docd ne moi omintim oceo "Feiild" cu fondu decicoore sou "Piofc leolru ui" din onii lrecuti vom ofir^ o co D o A-bor" o p.r. oloo^e puternice lo r,i-smului" crrlei nooslreLo ocodemio crtelor decorolive expune putine bucofiM tllA PATRASCU ln ciudc reclizorilor otci de per-sonole o e scu pturr or so e, D-no Pct cscu este deporieo conceplii or closice. Adevorul mcteriol, vo u-mul inchis sunl premizele operei sole.Un lemperomenl inerpugnobil reuseste sd creezecu lo e ronole o n leco e pos-1l ro m rrivi <'

noi, de o sensibi itcte puro 9i de o gondlre ine-diio. Astepiom expozitic viitoore cu noi e so eLJ.rariLUCIA BATACESCU DEMETRIAD e serioosd si senlimentclcr. E cioi de ciudoto inso inrudireo dinlre'on o^ti-r- o opo'e- o orecdo,,e o gt,reoro.Re ' roo. cn 'o io'i e 50 A oe 'o-npoz-e o gro toleo qoro' p o.pe n tro e/pr 1o' .i mgo es vivocitcieo liniei scrle p ine de un boroc sensrfr'

De ce insd oce bo som veiust 9i prcfuit peste otdloemotre de .oliicrle p ostico nouo ? Cri e lecrmo oebonclloteo core o mond in visurl cochele de o burnde fomilie lmi poreinsd cd or fi ctoto loc penlru D-noDemetricd de o ne dc o picturc in codrul probeme or ploslice cctuo e sou cel puiin in oloro de oli-tudineo senlimento d.Mor c es nu 'infe egem cond D so vreo sd ne certifice

his own obsession, of the ortist sloni -: - .

wor d he tc[es his inspircrtion from Th s , '. -

v \ O'l \ c ^ol"d erd ors \, 'to To ra -- '

l^od rg o o rolo'or oL wo'r o ^c. '

l^a o lA lua o^e so -"r lsion of the outsrde world thot the s ic-'=,. ,

o lorc,,, ope sto ,lo o'od ', o o g

his meons ond lechnique.'r -lorele- hol ,"e.ollo:ee l-^Poscin s work in our country. Rep':.= '- -from ol his periods, somehow esicC :- - r ':or of h" \tr1qLo or o o re lol--

wete snownAl torgh it deo w''r o tr.e olser, for instonce) the exhibition ,=:

=work ond commitmenl of lhe oroc- --' -to show Pcscin for lhe first tlme

Conltmporanul, rc. - -

* Perhops the oulhor refers to ihe :: -'-tor's note)

Exhibitions - 1928N NA ARBCRE hos exhibtted ::- -

wo.s "i- yoo.The iough drowing unvei s o wi , : :pciniinos cre heovy due lo her : :-.o o r, -oJA ol'o't roso ' dsnew ond sironge lyricism. f we .'Little girl", with its chicory bc'.: -

'Theolre squore" exhibited some .:r.:'ov il ol M , A oore 1o5 5er strong :

'fcuvism "

At the Acodemy of Decorc' .:PATRASCU exhibtts c few pieces )=,: -y persono ochievemenls of ihe:: ,,.Pdtroscu stcnds on the clossic. Tl-e '- '-. o,oo vol-r ^ o e ile p e1,soHoving on unyie ding nclure, s.: : - ::oting, with uncrospoble forces, ne.. : -imbued wiih pure senslivity onc :- : -,every new work. We ore look rc i-'l'or ',eo -,1 [ 1,9a

TUCIA BALACESCU DEMFTRIAD S.:'lc. However, there is o strcnge '=.,"romoniicism ond on crpporenl cnecc:'= - -We recoqnize her compositionoi c,: --r7 or l-er I ll .lo | tr I o5T a\p o

u ud os: o'lr^ ^ | orgod n ,

lcor'l .eo wt,, il-e.^ .o r_ :.bor po. eo ove 'f iq rer po;'oo o' ll e boro - o- dr ,e he-dc,yo,ecrn r ! ovc 16-'y o b. rD"rol od I o' qo n cL roo- :' .

tf6 cpoirlirg rir 1^', iiooo o: -'.o, o loos-. [oyord rne \e1t -r e-'c .:

We con't rnderslcnd why she s-: , - -

-: .: DANIEL esle un primilivin sensu more ol nof -

'..esinchisil in orto so de c lcevo decdt de slne,-=::i cu o diobolico perseverentd o ume din ce,: ncl bogoio in emotii si senzuo ism plostic.

. . .co, lr l^ir r'r 'r odevorol o,,er,s^t sopor ': :u miiloocele cele moi reduse un mesiesug- , --eeczd o lume pititd in ironie si sensibilitcte-i::Jg genetos Ce Ominlesle lehnico p ino d n

, -:'.,-LlA BABIC DAN EL este un pictor de roso.,- e specific spelel ocesteio de colorisii senzuoli

. = ::.i osimllot de D no Bobic Doniel

- : -: prezinto inso o lcluro "expresionisio" dinr :l Jnor neinfelegeri inlre formd si cu]oore core. -=Teo or trebui sd disporo sou sd devind o

=--:'. Am fccui inso inloldeouno ce e moi sird-'= :.evestiri si cel moi more credit orlei sc e.

Conlimporonul, nr.77, 1928, p. I 1

8r€,ncugi

, :, : ^:n popor vdnios si senzuo puteo do umii pe

- =- - :-esci de rec omd, ddnsul nu figureczo inco in:: :reclorilor orlei noi pe cngo Picosso, Broque,

. . i:-llor Totugi dupo Rodin, impresionismu sculp'; rposibi Bror u'i orosl oceo cora o

HENR DANIEL is o prir:;.= - -: ,-. --tr-.r.-ihis term. Disregording eve.\r-- -r a, - -:3 t - - ,*",,he creotes, by woy of diobo c :e-::,.e ':-:e c r cnerond richer wor d of emolion oro c cs'c sensuciism. Abuilder coged inlo o worid of genuine oscetism, hemosiers, wiih few meons, thoi crofi cbre to crecle owor d hidden in irony ond sensitivity.A gcle'6 s Lrol-,""rcrs1 p ll of re.o , ro occorpl .

hed lechnique of the porce o n cnd minioiure of theoreot epochs of creotion.CORNEIIA BAB C DANIEL is o pointer of noberoce. Everything ihoi is specific to sensuol co ouristshos been perlecily cssimiloted by Mrs. Bcbic Donrelto*evo he' cr d rp ay. o'l '^^p es. o, s ' 5 oebecoure ol rone ron i, l: octweer [o n ord , oo ',thct wil hove to be done owoy wiih in time, or beco-me c 'licence' effect. I olwoys onticipoted ihe brightoutcome of her ort ond gove it full credit.

Conttmporonul, no.77, 1928, p I 1

BrGnousiOn y c rJbust ond sensuous peop e could hove pro-duced Broncusi.Being iotol y dlsinteresed in odvertising his work, he isnol in lhe top of lhe new crl creolors, of the prophets,olong with Pjccsso, Broque. However ofier Rodir,lhe scu piuro impressionism wos no onqer possib e.Brdncusi wos ihe one who turned lo ihink over thedepths of feelings to find the new truth. He hod to cryout the grondeur ond science of the Negro ort for thewhoie wor d to heor iiWhile the others, like Bourde le, Moillol, Nodler,Hc ler, Fiori, goi lost in sly izoiion pursuits, BrOnocusiwos the on y one to hove experienced lhe sensoiLonof ,roo-rqwil God,qf '.I ron lho s o ^a .ro5 oeeT g, d-o by 1p lcep w S.

dom os to form reduciion, the vosi sensilivity for lheplosticiiy of ihe molter, ihe pursuil of stroiqhtforworde^p^(,or {wit-o.t 1ao9er ,}ot hc nco6-) 6l pr -

mltive cri, ond oi the some lime en ighted his lnfinileove for nolure s cws ond lrops.Broncugl's work deepy louches the one who cpprooches il wilh pure ond devoled feelings, il e thoseyou experience in fronl of ncture.However, he who oves nolure in iis simplified, simp eion, omorphous forms of posiol cord sun sets doesnol hove the psychic force, connot fee ihe new emotion cnd thus wil see mere nckedness in it.

Brdncusi s ove for ife ond ncture hos viri e wisdom in

it. His love is nol cn exiotic, possive, romontic one.Quite the conlrory.Flis studio is on extensjon of noture's own loborctory.n the middle lhere stonds the wizord ike o olnnt.Al the moteriols, essences, instruments, thi wholesclence ore reody lo serve hlm When he sets hismlnd lo it, cl he hos to do is lo fol ow ihe cosmrc ows;

::ndul c oddncimi e simiirii penlru o gosi-, nou. El trebuie so fi stngot umii mdreiio 9i 9ti-

_ r--a negre:-: o l: , c Bo,rde le Moilo \oole', 0 rer

:.l prerdul in cercetdri de sti izore, Brdncugl cr

r,rTU core o pricepui senzolio de c plosmui cu: ui Dumnez-oLr.

- , - -rdd inielepciune pentru simp ificoreo formei,:,-: sensibi ilote peniru plosticiloteo moteriei l-cru

' ; -, dintr un inceput in cduioreo expresiunil direc-, - : rtermediui inte ectuolului) din ortele primillve., -'ninoi o drogosle neidrmurild peniru mreiele si

: - = -:iurii.--'. -': ti BrOncugi zguduie pe ce ce vine in foto ei,

:' . :redincios, cc in fofo nolurii.

- - --so n-o iubit noturc decdt prin chipu redus,' -i , stupid ol crpusurilor cromolitogrofiote din cdrti

. .': : ccelo nu posedo pslhicul, emoiivitoieo nouc, .:ie decot go icruneo.

r: ----:-. iubeste violo si noturo cu o'infe epciune vir; I '::osleo sc nu esle extoticd, posivd, romonticd.-::-'vd.

: = =', ui esie o urmore o loborolorului noturcrl. ll'' - - - ui, co un urio9, std vro jitorul.'

:-= rolerio e e, toole esenle]e, ioote inslrumenlofi: :' -ic inireogo il servesle. Cdnd crede sd urme:. - --oi sd oscu te numoi egi e cosmice, el le puse-:-- , .cmpune deseori o iele moi slobi e, mo orgo-

- -ci drepte.,, -- ncgrcion, e1 o poiruns ce]e moi iscusrie vroli

Morcel oncu, Conslonlin

Br0ncusi, I 925Morce .]onco, Constonlin

Brdncusi, I 925

247

liltrond sufleteste cceo emoiie s mp d, senrnd core te

.. or'nde lo ,ede eo r ' '.Olr ^ .Oot oo' tre e ^iel ^O-oOe ltrOoa/loi

icte. Munco ut esle o slhostruLul core s o inchlncri

qondireo e emenie or filndco stie cd ceo moi deplinosoilsfoctie o gosesti ccnd te misiu e putereo creofie

ln cludo civilizollel 9 o cu lurii sterpe, el este singurul'p-or 'oteo eo'zo' oot -'oetlotoo"o n-''

t,, .tCr o^ O bote L l 1l,r rpi'-lol ,/o - lJ.e de o J

sou bronz, sfero de mormurd, moierie vesnic vie, oli

mentold de lumincr.

lntrevdrd mdrimeo u Broncr.lgi ocolo unde o liberot

insilncte noi, emofti moderne $l o refccui megteguguri

nemoiinlolnite de multe secole in plcslicd.

Conlimporc,tnul, nr. 52, 1925 P 2

* Pr"rent'ar-oc, si seleclio texlelor. Rodica Matei

^r ho' ob e ,owr. rro a Aqr 'rob.e ord o oo^i '

J ^ 'i e o -r rorle worre ho [o petc'c =\ereS' or *. crof'r I'l-o rq - li' o. '

:

serene emolion thoi pervodes you in f ron; :'wonder.However, his vctory is noi bosed on de'-- -

works Ll[e c hermit who comm tted his wl-: = '

lo elemenls, becouse he knows lhot you c:- -

the mosl iniense solisfoction when the pc. =

olion consumes you.D-^sorte civi izoiion ond borren cu ture, he - -,--toro . o ov6 o. r orpr'shed oerorio :

O .e^ -1. . O )p I ,Ot ,/oCI L l'noe OO,O' '

wonder, morb e sphere, toitet living foreta- '=-roon lchi.

oT)6eBo'.s' qooer ,l tre^/l - -

new instincts, modern emotions cnd ree.-: -ihose crcrfts thoi hoven'i been used rn flne c-'- 'lu ries.

/ -i _

I a"'-pa o^ t. ra. )./

5e ector o{ btts onc '

noerb,Po,.: