mapping the mid-atlantic cold pool with gliderpalooza-2013 w. brown, o. schofield, j. kohut, j....

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Mapping the Mid- Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements – Single Glider Cold Pool Mapping – Glider Fleet MTS/IEEE OCEANS’15 Presentation 21 October 2015

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Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB) COLD POOL Ou & Houghton, 1982NOAA/NMFS 1979 Survey Bottom Temperatures Remnant winter water … i solated by springtime surface warming/freshening => Cold Pool HISTORICAL EVIDENCE.. fed by cold water early summer “coldest patch”

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool

with GliderPalooza-2013

W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt

Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements – Single GliderCold Pool Mapping – Glider Fleet

MTS/IEEE OCEANS’15 Presentation

21 October 2015

Page 2: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB) COLD POOL

Ou & Houghton, 1982NOAA/NMFS 1979 Survey Bottom Temperatures

Remnant winter water …isolated by springtime surface warming/freshening => Cold Pool

HISTORICAL EVIDENCE

.. fed by cold water early summer

Page 3: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB) COLD POOL

Ou & Houghton, 1982NOAA/NMFS 1979 Survey Bottom Temperatures

Remnant winter water …isolated by springtime surface warming/freshening => Cold Pool

HISTORICAL EVIDENCE

.. fed by cold water early summer

“coldest patch”

Page 4: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB) COLD POOL

HISTORICAL EVIDENCE

.. fed by cold water early summer

.. warmed during summer

NOAA/NMFS 1979 Survey Bottom Temperatures Ou & Houghton, 1982

~ 5 km/day

Page 5: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB) COLD POOL

HISTORICAL EVIDENCE

.. fed by cold water early summer

.. warmed during summer

NOAA/NMFS 1979 Survey Bottom Temperatures Ou & Houghton, 1982

~ 5 km/day

Page 6: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

COLD POOL SCIENCE QUESTIONS

Relative importance of:

early summer along-shelf advection in Cold Pool “coldest patch” formation ?

top-down & cross-frontal mixing processes in the Cold Pool summer warming ?

different erosion processes in the autumn Cold Pool demise ?

ocean and atmospheric factors causing Cold Pool inter-annual variability ?

Page 7: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Measuring the MAB Cold Pool with Slocum Ocean Gliders

Page 8: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

May-Jun 2007

COLD POOL Established Late Spring – cooling !

Page 9: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

May-Jun 2007

COLD POOL Established Late Spring – cooling !

Tmin = 4.78

Page 10: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

May-Jun 2007

COLD POOL Established Late Spring – cooling !

Tmin = 5.32 Tmin = 4.78

Page 11: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

May-Jun 2007

COLD POOL Established Late Spring – cooling !

Tmin = 5.32

Page 12: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

Jul-Aug 2007

COLD POOLSummer - warming

Tmin = 5.60

Page 13: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

Sep – Oct 2007

COLD POOL 2007 Autumn - warming - erosion

Tmin = 7.71Tmin = 8.48

Page 14: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

Sep – Oct 2007

COLD POOL 2007 Autumn - warming - erosion

Tmin = 7.71Tmin = 8.48

Page 15: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

Glider Transect Tmin … a proxy for Cold Pool temperature “

Apr Jun Aug Oct

12

68

4

Page 16: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

Tmin vs. TimeCooling Phase

Apr Jun Aug Oct

12

68

4

cooling

Page 17: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary Mapping the 2007 Coastal Ocean ….with a ONE-GLIDER “Fleet “

Apr Jun Aug Oct

12

68

4

warming

Tmin vs. TimeWarming Phase

Page 18: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Glider Fleet Measurements +

Data Assimilation Models

Mapping the 2013 Coastal Ocean ….with a GLIDER “Fleet “

Page 19: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary

Ocean Glider Fleet Measurements ? …. a cost-effective technology for REAL-TIME Cold Pool observation

Transect Minimum Temperature & Departures? …. an effective proxy for Cold Pool Water Mass

Cold Pool Mapping Requirements? …. flexible time/space water mass definitions

Timely Maps of the Cold Pool ? .… require glider data –assimilation ocean modeling

Forecasting MAB Cold Pool Disposition? …. within reach

Page 20: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

ESPRESSOBottom Temperature

27 May 2013

Wilkin et al., 2013

Cold Pool Array Design: Model Guidance

Page 21: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the 2013 Coastal Ocean ….with a GLIDER “Fleet “

Glider Transect Tmin

Page 22: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the Autumn 2013 COLD POOL ….with a glider pair

2nd week September 3rd week

BLUEBLUE

RU-23

Page 23: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the Autumn 2013 COLD POOL ….with a glider pair

2nd week September 3rd week

BLUEBLUE

RU-23RU-23

Page 24: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the Autumn 2013 COLD POOL ….with a glider pair

2nd week September 3rd week

BLUEBLUE

RU-23RU-23

Page 25: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

with TEMPERATURE DEPARTURES

TD = T – Tmin

TD statistics suggest

TD < 4.3oC (1 σ)

Defining COLD POOL WATER – 2007 Tmin vs Smin Diagram

Page 26: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

with TEMPERATURE DEPARTURES

TD = T – Tmin

TD statistics suggest

TD < 4.3oC (1 σ)

Tmin vs Smin Diagram

Defining COLD POOL WATER – 2007

Page 27: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SNEB

Page 28: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SNEB

The inshore edges of the COLD POOL !

Page 29: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SNEB

The inshore edges of the COLD POOL !

Page 30: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

The offshore edges of the COLD POOL !

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SNEB

Page 31: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SW MAB

Page 32: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

The inshore edges of the COLD POOL !

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SW MAB

Page 33: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

The inshore edges of the COLD POOL !

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SW MAB

Page 34: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

The offshore edge of the COLD POOL !

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SW MAB

Page 35: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

offshore flow of the COLD POOL ?

Mapping the mid-September 2013 COLD POOL in the SW MAB

?

?

Page 36: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary

Ocean Glider Fleet Measurements ? …. a cost-effective technology for REAL-TIME Cold Pool observation

Transect Minimum Temperature & Departures? …. an effective proxy for Cold Pool Water Mass

Cold Pool Mapping Requirements? …. flexible time/space water mass definitions

Timely Maps of the Cold Pool ? .… require glider data –assimilation ocean modeling

Forecasting MAB Cold Pool Disposition? …. within reach

Page 37: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary

Ocean Glider Fleet Measurements ? …. a cost-effective technology for REAL-TIME Cold Pool observation

Transect Minimum Temperature & Departures? …. an effective proxy for Cold Pool Water Mass

Cold Pool Mapping Requirements? …. flexible time/space water mass definitions

Timely Maps of the Cold Pool ? .… require glider data –assimilation ocean modeling

Forecasting MAB Cold Pool Disposition? …. within reach

Page 38: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary

Ocean Glider Fleet Measurements ? …. a cost-effective technology for REAL-TIME Cold Pool observation

Transect Minimum Temperature & Departures? …. an effective proxy for Cold Pool Water Mass

Cold Pool Mapping Requirements? …. flexible time/space water mass definitions

Timely Maps of the Cold Pool ? .… require glider data –assimilation ocean modeling

Forecasting MAB Cold Pool Disposition? …. within reach

Page 39: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary

Ocean Glider Fleet Measurements ? …. a cost-effective technology for REAL-TIME Cold Pool observation

Transect Minimum Temperature & Departures? …. an effective proxy for Cold Pool Water Mass

Cold Pool Mapping Requirements? …. flexible time/space water mass definitions

Timely Maps of the Cold Pool ? .… require glider data –assimilation ocean modeling

Forecasting MAB Cold Pool Disposition? …. within reach

Page 40: Mapping the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool with GliderPalooza-2013 W. Brown, O. Schofield, J. Kohut, J. Wilkin, & W. Boicourt Cold Pool Context Cold Pool Measurements

Summary

Ocean Glider Fleet Measurements ? …. a cost-effective technology for REAL-TIME Cold Pool observation

Transect Minimum Temperature & Departures? …. an effective proxy for Cold Pool Water Mass

Cold Pool Mapping Requirements? …. flexible time/space water mass definitions

Timely Maps of the Cold Pool ? .… require glider data –assimilation ocean modeling

Forecasting MAB Cold Pool Disposition? …. within reach

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