mapping the common based peer production: a crowd sourcing experiment
DESCRIPTION
Commons-based peer production (CBPP) is an emerging and innovative model of collaborative production. It usually takes place through a digital platform (Benkler 2006). It is characterized by peer to peer relationships, in contrast to the traditionally hierarchical command and contractual relationships, and with limited mercantile exchange. It results in the (generally) open access provision of commons resources (P2Pvalue, 2014). Some well-known examples are Free and Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects and Wikipedia. From those first generation of cases, there has recently been an expansion of CBPP to other areas of activity, such as citizen science, open product design, management of common spaces and open data sources. The paper explains the criteria to mapthis emerging model of collaborative production. The map of CBPP cases is based on web observation, web scripts, interviews to experts (to have an initial set of areas of activity of CBPP), a survey between CBPP cases to an ulterior classification and analysis of 302cases. The result is the biggest database of CBPP cases, the data from the CBPP cases include area of activity, main purpose of the case, language, country, relationship with the digital environment (from digitally based to digitally supported), type of resulting resource, type of license and software and more of 150 variables. To map this diversity of cases is abig methodological challenge with some constraints such as the absence of previous CBPP database and other features of this phenomena that we explain in the following document. Mayo Fuster Morell, Martínez Rubén, Jorge Luis Salcedo Maldonado; IGOP Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaTRANSCRIPT
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Mapping the common based
peer production: A crowd-
sourcing experiment
Oxford Internet Institute
IPP2014: Crowdsourcing for Politics and Policy
September 25th /2014
M Fuster, M Berlinguer, Ruben M, W Tebbens and Salcedo J
September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
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Commons-based peer production
(CBPP)
September 25, 2014
•Collaborative production: “collaboration” and
“production”
•Peer based. decentralization in the conception
and execution of problems and solutions
•Commons based: Also driven by general
interest.
•Reproducibility and Derivativeness: “forkability”
www.p2pvalue.eu
Full Name Author September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
Previous researches?• How do you map this
emerging type of
organizations?
• How do you sample and
categorized these diversity of
organizations?
The main aim is to identify
factors that generate online
reputation and value
•Preceding work has mainly
focus on the functioning of
single cases and very similar
cases.
•Our research is part of one of
the few studies that analyse
diversity of CBPP cases.
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Methods and criteria to create the first map of the
CBPP universe
September 25, 2014
•We applied a non-proportional quota sampling.
• We ensured the inclusion of a mixed type of CBPP experiences to
reflect the heterogeneity of CBPP
•Previous collaborative experience of experts and community
• We create a list of more of 350 cases (directory.p2pvalue.eu/)
• From this list we filter out all cases that failed to match the definition
criteria of CBPP
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Methods and criteria to create the first map of the
CBPP universe
September 25, 2014
•Variability of the independent variables.
• Year, area of activity, type of common resource
•Cases that were mainly digitally based
•Only cases with web pages on these languages (English, Spanish, French,
Catalan, Italian, Dutch and Portuguese)
•From this list we filter out all cases that failed to match the definition criteria
of CBPP
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Methods
September 25, 2014
•Collaborative production
• To create CBPP directory
•Web observation
• Approximately 40 minutes per case (reliability second coder 90%)
•Web analysis
• Web scripts (Alexa rank, Google Rank, Kred, Google search..)
•Survey between directory cases. (Information about governance)
• Only an answer rate of 20% of 340 e-mails
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Preliminary results
September 25, 2014
•We build a CBPP
database of 302 cases.
• In terms of CBPP
cases by country.
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Preliminary results
September 25, 2014
In terms of CBPP
cases by year
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Preliminary results
In terms of area of
activity
September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
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Preliminary results
In terms of type
of collaboration
September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
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Preliminary results
Type of
organization that
supplies the
infrastructure
September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
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Preliminary results
Type of content
licenses
September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
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Preliminary results
Community size
September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
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Preliminary results
Social media use
September 25, 2014www.p2pvalue.eu
45
18,2
15,9 15,2
5
0,7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
(two-2) (one-1) (three-3) (zero-0) (four-4) (five-5)
Perc
enta
ge o
f C
BP
P
Number of social networks
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Discussion
September 25, 2014
•The plurality of layers and dimensions that characterize this form
of production .
•Some of cases are “pure CBPP” (in terms of criteria of
delimitation), while others are hybrids.
•The informality that characterizes such forms of production.
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